File size: 8,325 Bytes
dbaca87
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
"""
EXPERIMENT 3: Neural Network Activation Comparison
Implement HSK activation (F(z) = sum z^n/n^n approx) and compare
with ReLU, Swish, GELU on MNIST classification.

Key insight: F(z) can be approximated by a truncated sum, but
this is expensive. We test both:
  a) Truncated F(z) as activation (20 terms)
  b) Simplified "HSK" from the document (grad-based approximation)
"""
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.optim as optim
from torchvision import datasets, transforms
import time
import json

# ============================================================
# Activation Functions
# ============================================================

class HSKActivation(nn.Module):
    """Full truncated F(z) = sum_{n=1}^{N} z^n / n^n as activation"""
    def __init__(self, N=20):
        super().__init__()
        self.N = N
        # Precompute n^n terms
        self.register_buffer('nn_terms', torch.tensor([float(n**n) for n in range(1, N+1)]))
    
    def forward(self, z):
        result = torch.zeros_like(z)
        z_power = torch.ones_like(z)
        for n in range(1, self.N + 1):
            z_power = z_power * z  # z^n
            result = result + z_power / self.nn_terms[n-1]
        return result

class HSKApproxActivation(nn.Module):
    """Approximation from the document: linear growth shift"""
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.inv_e = 0.3678794412
    
    def forward(self, z):
        # The document uses z * 0.367 as the "linear growth shift"
        # This is essentially: output = z / e
        # Which is just a scaled identity - terrible as activation (no nonlinearity!)
        # The "gradient" they compute is for F'/F, not for the activation itself
        return z * self.inv_e

class SwishActivation(nn.Module):
    def forward(self, z):
        return z * torch.sigmoid(z)

# ============================================================
# Network Architecture
# ============================================================

class DeepNet(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, activation_fn, hidden_size=128, num_layers=10):
        super().__init__()
        self.activation_name = activation_fn.__class__.__name__
        layers = []
        layers.append(nn.Linear(784, hidden_size))
        layers.append(activation_fn)
        for _ in range(num_layers - 1):
            layers.append(nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size))
            # Need new activation instance for each layer (some have state)
            if isinstance(activation_fn, HSKActivation):
                layers.append(HSKActivation(N=20))
            elif isinstance(activation_fn, HSKApproxActivation):
                layers.append(HSKApproxActivation())
            elif isinstance(activation_fn, SwishActivation):
                layers.append(SwishActivation())
            else:
                # ReLU, GELU etc - stateless, can reuse
                layers.append(activation_fn)
        layers.append(nn.Linear(hidden_size, 10))
        self.net = nn.Sequential(*layers)
    
    def forward(self, x):
        return self.net(x.view(-1, 784))

# ============================================================
# Training Loop
# ============================================================

def train_and_evaluate(activation_fn, name, hidden_size=128, num_layers=10, 
                       epochs=5, lr=0.001):
    device = torch.device('cpu')
    
    train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        datasets.MNIST('/tmp/mnist', train=True, download=True,
                       transform=transforms.ToTensor()),
        batch_size=128, shuffle=True)
    
    test_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
        datasets.MNIST('/tmp/mnist', train=False, download=True,
                       transform=transforms.ToTensor()),
        batch_size=256, shuffle=False)
    
    model = DeepNet(activation_fn, hidden_size, num_layers).to(device)
    optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=lr)
    criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
    
    results = {
        'name': name,
        'epochs': [],
        'final_test_acc': 0,
        'total_time': 0,
        'grad_norms': [],
    }
    
    start_time = time.time()
    
    for epoch in range(epochs):
        model.train()
        total_loss = 0
        batch_count = 0
        grad_norms_epoch = []
        
        for batch_idx, (data, target) in enumerate(train_loader):
            data, target = data.to(device), target.to(device)
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            output = model(data)
            loss = criterion(output, target)
            loss.backward()
            
            # Track gradient norms
            total_grad_norm = 0
            for p in model.parameters():
                if p.grad is not None:
                    total_grad_norm += p.grad.data.norm(2).item() ** 2
            total_grad_norm = total_grad_norm ** 0.5
            grad_norms_epoch.append(total_grad_norm)
            
            # Check for NaN/Inf
            if torch.isnan(loss) or torch.isinf(loss):
                print(f"  WARNING: NaN/Inf loss at epoch {epoch+1}, batch {batch_idx}")
                results['epochs'].append({'epoch': epoch+1, 'loss': float('nan'), 'acc': 0})
                results['final_test_acc'] = 0
                results['total_time'] = time.time() - start_time
                return results
            
            torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), 5.0)
            optimizer.step()
            
            total_loss += loss.item()
            batch_count += 1
        
        # Test
        model.eval()
        correct = 0
        total = 0
        with torch.no_grad():
            for data, target in test_loader:
                output = model(data.view(-1, 784))
                pred = output.argmax(dim=1)
                correct += (pred == target).sum().item()
                total += target.size(0)
        
        test_acc = correct / total
        avg_loss = total_loss / batch_count
        avg_grad = sum(grad_norms_epoch) / len(grad_norms_epoch)
        
        results['epochs'].append({
            'epoch': epoch+1,
            'loss': avg_loss,
            'test_acc': test_acc,
            'avg_grad_norm': avg_grad,
        })
        results['grad_norms'].extend(grad_norms_epoch)
        
        print(f"  Epoch {epoch+1}: loss={avg_loss:.4f}, test_acc={test_acc:.4f}, grad_norm={avg_grad:.2f}")
    
    results['final_test_acc'] = test_acc
    results['total_time'] = time.time() - start_time
    return results

# ============================================================
# Run Experiments
# ============================================================

print("=" * 65)
print("EXPERIMENT 3: Neural Network Activation Comparison")
print("=" * 65)

activations = [
    (nn.ReLU(), "ReLU"),
    (nn.GELU(), "GELU"),
    (SwishActivation(), "Swish"),
    (HSKActivation(N=20), "HSK-Truncated(F_z)"),
    (HSKApproxActivation(), "HSK-Approx(z/e)"),
]

all_results = {}
for act_fn, name in activations:
    print(f"\n--- Training with {name} activation ---")
    try:
        results = train_and_evaluate(act_fn, name, hidden_size=128, num_layers=10, epochs=5)
        all_results[name] = results
        print(f"  Final accuracy: {results['final_test_acc']:.4f}")
        print(f"  Total time: {results['total_time']:.1f}s")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"  FAILED: {e}")
        all_results[name] = {'error': str(e)}

# Summary
print("\n" + "=" * 65)
print("SUMMARY")
print("=" * 65)
print(f"{'Activation':>20s}  {'Test Acc':>10s}  {'Time':>8s}  {'Final Grad Norm':>15s}")
for name, res in all_results.items():
    if 'error' in res:
        print(f"{name:>20s}  FAILED: {res['error']}")
    else:
        acc = res['final_test_acc']
        t = res['total_time']
        last_epoch = res['epochs'][-1]
        gn = last_epoch.get('avg_grad_norm', 0)
        print(f"{name:>20s}  {acc:10.4f}  {t:8.1f}s  {gn:15.2f}")

# Save
with open('/app/exp3_results.json', 'w') as f:
    # Convert any non-serializable types
    def default_handler(obj):
        if isinstance(obj, float) and (torch.isnan(torch.tensor(obj)) or torch.isinf(torch.tensor(obj))):
            return str(obj)
        return obj
    json.dump(all_results, f, default=default_handler, indent=2)
print("\nSaved to /app/exp3_results.json")