Upload README.md

README.md

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-license: mit
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+[If you would like a detailed explanation of this project, please refer to the Medium article below.](https://medium.com/@ai.omar.rehan/building-a-complete-audio-classification-pipeline-using-deep-learning-from-raw-audio-to-mel-9894bd438d85)
+
+---
+
+[The project is also available for testing on Hugging Face.](https://huggingface.co/spaces/AIOmarRehan/Deep_Audio_Classifier_using_CNN)
+
+---
+
+# Audio-Classification-Raw-Audio-to-Mel-Spectrogram-CNNs
+Complete end-to-end audio classification pipeline using deep learning. From raw recordings to Mel spectrogram CNNs, includes preprocessing, augmentation, dataset validation, model training, and evaluation — a reproducible blueprint for speech, environmental, or general sound classification tasks.
+
+---
+
+# Audio Classification Pipeline — From Raw Audio to Mel-Spectrogram CNNs
+
+> *“In machine learning, the model is rarely the problem — the data almost always is.”*
+> — A reminder I kept repeating to myself while building this project.
+
+This repository contains a complete, professional, end-to-end pipeline for **audio classification using deep learning**, starting from **raw, messy audio recordings** and ending with a fully trained **CNN model** using **Mel spectrograms**.
+
+The workflow includes:
+
+* Raw audio loading
+* Cleaning & normalization
+* Silence trimming
+* Noise reduction
+* Chunking
+* Data augmentation
+* Mel spectrogram generation
+* Dataset validation
+* CNN training
+* Evaluation & metrics
+
+It is a fully reproducible blueprint for real-world audio classification tasks.
+
+---
+
+# Project Structure
+
+Here is a quick table summarizing the core stages of the pipeline:
+
+| Stage                   | Description                            | Output           |
+| ----------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
+| **1. Raw Audio**        | Unprocessed WAV/MP3 files              | Audio dataset    |
+| **2. Preprocessing**    | Trimming, cleaning, resampling         | Cleaned signals  |
+| **3. Augmentation**     | Pitch shift, time stretch, noise       | Expanded dataset |
+| **4. Mel Spectrograms** | Converts audio → images                | PNG/IMG files    |
+| **5. CNN Training**     | Deep model learns spectrogram patterns | `.h5` model      |
+| **6. Evaluation**       | Accuracy, F1, Confusion Matrix         | Metrics + plots  |
+
+---
+
+# 1. Loading & Inspecting Raw Audio
+
+The dataset is loaded from directory structure:
+
+```python
+paths = [(path.parts[-2], path.name, str(path)) 
+         for path in Path(extract_to).rglob('*.*') 
+         if path.suffix.lower() in audio_extensions]
+
+df = pd.DataFrame(paths, columns=['class', 'filename', 'full_path'])
+df = df.sort_values('class').reset_index(drop=True)
+```
+
+During EDA, I computed:
+
+* Duration
+* Sample rate
+* Peak amplitude
+
+And visualized duration distribution:
+
+```python
+plt.hist(df['duration'], bins=30, edgecolor='black')
+plt.xlabel("Duration (seconds)")
+plt.ylabel("Number of recordings")
+plt.title("Audio Duration Distribution")
+plt.show()
+```
+
+---
+
+# 2. Audio Cleaning & Normalization
+
+Bad samples were removed, silent files filtered, and amplitudes normalized:
+
+```python
+peak = np.abs(y).max()
+if peak > 0:
+    y = y / peak * 0.99
+```
+
+This ensures consistency and prevents the model from learning from corrupted audio.
+
+---
+
+# 3. Advanced Preprocessing
+
+Preprocessing included:
+
+* Silence trimming
+* Noise reduction
+* Resampling → **16 kHz**
+* Mono conversion
+* 5-second chunking
+
+```python
+TARGET_DURATION = 5.0
+TARGET_SR = 16000
+TARGET_LENGTH = int(TARGET_DURATION * TARGET_SR)
+```
+
+Every audio file becomes a clean, consistent chunk ready for feature extraction.
+
+---
+
+# 4. Audio Augmentation
+
+To improve generalization, I applied augmentations:
+
+```python
+augment = Compose([
+    Shift(min_shift=-0.3, max_shift=0.3, p=0.5),
+    PitchShift(min_semitones=-2, max_semitones=2, p=0.5),
+    TimeStretch(min_rate=0.8, max_rate=1.25, p=0.5),
+    AddGaussianNoise(min_amplitude=0.001, max_amplitude=0.015, p=0.5)
+])
+```
+
+Every augmented file receives a unique name to avoid collisions.
+
+---
+
+# 5. Mel Spectrogram Generation
+
+Each cleaned audio chunk is transformed into a **Mel spectrogram**:
+
+```python
+S = librosa.feature.melspectrogram(
+    y=y, sr=SR,
+    n_fft=N_FFT,
+    hop_length=HOP_LENGTH,
+    n_mels=N_MELS
+)
+S_dB = librosa.power_to_db(S, ref=np.max)
+```
+
+* Output: **128×128 PNG images**
+* Separate directories per class
+* Supports both original & augmented samples
+
+These images become the CNN input.
+
+### ***Example of Mel Spectrogram Images***
+
+![](https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F27304693%2Ffdf7046a261734cd8f503c8f448ca6ad%2Fdownload.png?generation=1763570826533634&alt=media)
+
+![](https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F27304693%2Fea53570ce051601192c90770091f7ceb%2Fdownload%20(1).png?generation=1763570855911665&alt=media)
+
+---
+
+# 6. Dataset Validation
+
+After spectrogram creation:
+
+* Corrupted images removed
+* Duplicate hashes filtered
+* Filename integrity checked
+* Class folders validated
+
+```python
+df['file_hash'] = df['full_path'].apply(get_hash)
+duplicate_hashes = df[df.duplicated(subset=['file_hash'], keep=False)]
+```
+
+This step ensures **clean, reliable** training data.
+
+---
+
+# 7. Building TensorFlow Datasets
+
+The dataset is built with batching, caching, prefetching:
+
+```python
+train_ds = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((train_paths, train_labels))
+train_ds = train_ds.map(load_and_preprocess, num_parallel_calls=AUTOTUNE)
+train_ds = train_ds.shuffle(1024).batch(batch_size).prefetch(AUTOTUNE)
+```
+
+I used a simple image-level augmentation pipeline:
+
+```python
+data_augmentation = tf.keras.Sequential([
+    tf.keras.layers.InputLayer(input_shape=(231, 232, 4)),
+    tf.keras.layers.RandomFlip("horizontal"),
+    tf.keras.layers.RandomRotation(0.1),
+    tf.keras.layers.RandomZoom(0.1),
+])
+```
+
+---
+
+# 8. CNN Architecture
+
+The CNN captures deep frequency-time patterns across Mel images.
+
+Key features:
+
+* Multiple Conv2D + BatchNorm blocks
+* Dropout
+* L2 regularization
+* Softmax output
+
+```python
+model = Sequential([
+    data_augmentation,
+    Conv2D(32, (3,3), padding='same', activation='relu', kernel_regularizer=l2(weight_decay)),
+    BatchNormalization(),
+    MaxPooling2D((2,2)),
+    Dropout(0.2),
+    # ... more layers ...
+    Flatten(),
+    Dense(num_classes, activation='softmax')
+])
+```
+
+---
+
+# 9. Training Strategy
+
+```python
+reduce_lr = ReduceLROnPlateau(monitor='val_loss', factor=0.5, patience=10)
+early_stopping = EarlyStopping(monitor='val_loss', patience=40, restore_best_weights=True)
+
+history = model.fit(
+    train_ds,
+    validation_data=val_ds,
+    epochs=50,
+    callbacks=[reduce_lr, early_stopping]
+)
+```
+
+The model converges smoothly while avoiding overfitting.
+
+---
+
+# 10. Evaluation
+
+Performance is evaluated using:
+
+* Accuracy
+* Precision, recall, F1-score
+* Confusion matrix
+* ROC/AUC curves
+
+```python
+y_pred = np.argmax(model.predict(test_ds), axis=1)
+print(classification_report(y_true, y_pred, target_names=le.classes_))
+```
+
+Confusion matrix:
+
+```python
+sns.heatmap(confusion_matrix(y_true, y_pred), annot=True, cmap='Blues')
+plt.title("Confusion Matrix")
+plt.show()
+```
+
+---
+
+# 11. Saving the Model & Dataset
+
+```python
+model.save("Audio_Model_Classification.h5")
+shutil.make_archive("/content/spectrograms", 'zip', "/content/spectrograms")
+```
+
+The entire spectrogram dataset is also zipped for sharing or deployment.
+
+---
+
+# Final Notes
+
+This project demonstrates:
+
+* How to clean & prepare raw audio at a professional level
+* Audio augmentation best practices
+* How Mel spectrograms unlock CNN performance
+* A full TensorFlow training pipeline
+* Proper evaluation, reporting, and dataset integrity
+
+If you're working on sound recognition, speech tasks, or environmental audio detection, this pipeline gives you a **complete production-grade foundation**.
+
+---
+
+# **Results**
+> **Note:** Click the image below to view the video showcasing the project’s results.
+<a href="https://files.catbox.moe/suzziy.mp4">
+  <img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1611162616475-46b635cb6868?q=80&w=1974&auto=format&fit=crop&ixlib=rb-4.1.0&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D" width="400">
+</a>
+
+<hr style="border-bottom: 5px solid gray; margin-top: 10px;">
+
+> **Note:** If the video above is not working, you can access it directly via the link below.
+
+[Watch Demo Video](Results/Spectrogram_CNN_Audio_Classification.mp4)