/**
 * CesiumJS Map MCP Server
 *
 * Provides tools for:
 * - geocode: Search for places using OpenStreetMap Nominatim
 * - show-map: Display an interactive 3D globe at a given location
 */
import { McpServer } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js";
import { StdioServerTransport } from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/stdio.js";
import type {
  CallToolResult,
  ReadResourceResult,
} from "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js";
import fs from "node:fs/promises";
import path from "node:path";
import { z } from "zod";
import {
  registerAppTool,
  registerAppResource,
  RESOURCE_MIME_TYPE,
  RESOURCE_URI_META_KEY,
} from "@modelcontextprotocol/ext-apps/server";
import { startServer } from "./server-utils.js";

const DIST_DIR = path.join(import.meta.dirname, "dist");
const RESOURCE_URI = "ui://cesium-map/mcp-app.html";

// Nominatim API response type
interface NominatimResult {
  place_id: number;
  licence: string;
  osm_type: string;
  osm_id: number;
  lat: string;
  lon: string;
  display_name: string;
  boundingbox: [string, string, string, string]; // [south, north, west, east]
  class: string;
  type: string;
  importance: number;
}

// Rate limiting for Nominatim (1 request per second per their usage policy)
let lastNominatimRequest = 0;
const NOMINATIM_RATE_LIMIT_MS = 1100; // 1.1 seconds to be safe

/**
 * Query Nominatim geocoding API with rate limiting
 */
async function geocodeWithNominatim(query: string): Promise<NominatimResult[]> {
  // Respect rate limit
  const now = Date.now();
  const timeSinceLastRequest = now - lastNominatimRequest;
  if (timeSinceLastRequest < NOMINATIM_RATE_LIMIT_MS) {
    await new Promise((resolve) =>
      setTimeout(resolve, NOMINATIM_RATE_LIMIT_MS - timeSinceLastRequest),
    );
  }
  lastNominatimRequest = Date.now();

  const params = new URLSearchParams({
    q: query,
    format: "json",
    limit: "5",
  });

  const response = await fetch(
    `https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?${params}`,
    {
      headers: {
        "User-Agent":
          "MCP-CesiumMap-Example/1.0 (https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol)",
      },
    },
  );

  if (!response.ok) {
    throw new Error(
      `Nominatim API error: ${response.status} ${response.statusText}`,
    );
  }

  return response.json();
}

/**
 * Creates a new MCP server instance with tools and resources registered.
 * Each HTTP session needs its own server instance because McpServer only supports one transport.
 */
export function createServer(): McpServer {
  const server = new McpServer({
    name: "CesiumJS Map Server",
    version: "1.0.0",
  });

  // CSP configuration for external tile sources
  const cspMeta = {
    ui: {
      csp: {
        // Allow fetching tiles from OSM (tiles + geocoding) and Cesium assets
        connectDomains: [
          "https://*.openstreetmap.org", // OSM tiles + Nominatim geocoding
          "https://cesium.com",
          "https://*.cesium.com",
        ],
        // Allow loading tile images, scripts, and Cesium CDN resources
        resourceDomains: [
          "https://*.openstreetmap.org", // OSM map tiles (covers tile.openstreetmap.org)
          "https://cesium.com",
          "https://*.cesium.com",
        ],
      },
    },
  };

  // Register the CesiumJS map resource with CSP for external tile sources
  registerAppResource(
    server,
    RESOURCE_URI,
    RESOURCE_URI,
    { mimeType: RESOURCE_MIME_TYPE },
    async (): Promise<ReadResourceResult> => {
      const html = await fs.readFile(
        path.join(DIST_DIR, "mcp-app.html"),
        "utf-8",
      );
      return {
        contents: [
          // _meta must be on the content item, not the resource metadata
          {
            uri: RESOURCE_URI,
            mimeType: RESOURCE_MIME_TYPE,
            text: html,
            _meta: cspMeta,
          },
        ],
      };
    },
  );

  // show-map tool - displays the CesiumJS globe
  // Default bounding box: London area
  registerAppTool(
    server,
    "show-map",
    {
      title: "Show Map",
      description:
        "Display an interactive world map zoomed to a specific bounding box. Use the GeoCode tool to find the bounding box of a location.",
      inputSchema: {
        west: z
          .number()
          .optional()
          .default(-0.5)
          .describe("Western longitude (-180 to 180)"),
        south: z
          .number()
          .optional()
          .default(51.3)
          .describe("Southern latitude (-90 to 90)"),
        east: z
          .number()
          .optional()
          .default(0.3)
          .describe("Eastern longitude (-180 to 180)"),
        north: z
          .number()
          .optional()
          .default(51.7)
          .describe("Northern latitude (-90 to 90)"),
        label: z
          .string()
          .optional()
          .describe("Optional label to display on the map"),
      },
      _meta: { [RESOURCE_URI_META_KEY]: RESOURCE_URI },
    },
    async ({ west, south, east, north, label }): Promise<CallToolResult> => ({
      content: [
        {
          type: "text",
          text: `Displaying globe at: W:${west.toFixed(4)}, S:${south.toFixed(4)}, E:${east.toFixed(4)}, N:${north.toFixed(4)}${label ? ` (${label})` : ""}`,
        },
      ],
    }),
  );

  // geocode tool - searches for places using Nominatim (no UI)
  server.registerTool(
    "geocode",
    {
      title: "Geocode",
      description:
        "Search for places using OpenStreetMap. Returns coordinates and bounding boxes for up to 5 matches.",
      inputSchema: {
        query: z
          .string()
          .describe(
            "Place name or address to search for (e.g., 'Paris', 'Golden Gate Bridge', '1600 Pennsylvania Ave')",
          ),
      },
    },
    async ({ query }): Promise<CallToolResult> => {
      try {
        const results = await geocodeWithNominatim(query);

        if (results.length === 0) {
          return {
            content: [
              { type: "text", text: `No results found for "${query}"` },
            ],
          };
        }

        const formattedResults = results.map((r) => ({
          displayName: r.display_name,
          lat: parseFloat(r.lat),
          lon: parseFloat(r.lon),
          boundingBox: {
            south: parseFloat(r.boundingbox[0]),
            north: parseFloat(r.boundingbox[1]),
            west: parseFloat(r.boundingbox[2]),
            east: parseFloat(r.boundingbox[3]),
          },
          type: r.type,
          importance: r.importance,
        }));

        const textContent = formattedResults
          .map(
            (r, i) =>
              `${i + 1}. ${r.displayName}\n   Coordinates: ${r.lat.toFixed(6)}, ${r.lon.toFixed(6)}\n   Bounding box: W:${r.boundingBox.west.toFixed(4)}, S:${r.boundingBox.south.toFixed(4)}, E:${r.boundingBox.east.toFixed(4)}, N:${r.boundingBox.north.toFixed(4)}`,
          )
          .join("\n\n");

        return {
          content: [{ type: "text", text: textContent }],
        };
      } catch (error) {
        return {
          content: [
            {
              type: "text",
              text: `Geocoding error: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,
            },
          ],
          isError: true,
        };
      }
    },
  );

  return server;
}

async function main() {
  if (process.argv.includes("--stdio")) {
    await createServer().connect(new StdioServerTransport());
  } else {
    const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT ?? "3001", 10);
    await startServer(createServer, { port, name: "CesiumJS Map Server" });
  }
}

main().catch((e) => {
  console.error(e);
  process.exit(1);
});