Text Classification
Transformers
Safetensors
roberta
Generated from Trainer
classification
nlp
vulnerability
text-embeddings-inference
Instructions to use CIRCL/vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base with libraries, inference providers, notebooks, and local apps. Follow these links to get started.
- Libraries
- Transformers
How to use CIRCL/vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base with Transformers:
# Use a pipeline as a high-level helper from transformers import pipeline pipe = pipeline("text-classification", model="CIRCL/vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base")# Load model directly from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSequenceClassification tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("CIRCL/vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base") model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("CIRCL/vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base") - Inference
- Notebooks
- Google Colab
- Kaggle
End of training
Browse files- README.md +35 -69
- config.json +1 -1
- model.safetensors +1 -1
README.md
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---
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library_name: transformers
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license:
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base_model: roberta-base
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metrics:
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- accuracy
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tags:
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- generated_from_trainer
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- nlp
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- vulnerability
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model-index:
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- name: vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base
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results: []
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datasets:
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- CIRCL/vulnerability-scores
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---
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#
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# Severity classification
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This model is a fine-tuned version of [roberta-base](https://huggingface.co/roberta-base) on the dataset [CIRCL/vulnerability-scores](https://huggingface.co/datasets/CIRCL/vulnerability-scores).
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The model was presented in the paper [VLAI: A RoBERTa-Based Model for Automated Vulnerability Severity Classification](https://huggingface.co/papers/2507.03607) [[arXiv](https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03607)].
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**Abstract:** VLAI is a transformer-based model that predicts software vulnerability severity levels directly from text descriptions. Built on RoBERTa, VLAI is fine-tuned on over 600,000 real-world vulnerabilities and achieves over 82% accuracy in predicting severity categories, enabling faster and more consistent triage ahead of manual CVSS scoring. The model and dataset are open-source and integrated into the Vulnerability-Lookup service.
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You can read [this page](https://www.vulnerability-lookup.org/user-manual/ai/) for more information.
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## Model description
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## How to get started with the model
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```python
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from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassification, AutoTokenizer
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import torch
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
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model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(model_name)
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model.eval()
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that could severely harm the host system. This could significantly affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the targeted system."
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inputs = tokenizer(test_description, return_tensors="pt", truncation=True, padding=True)
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with torch.no_grad():
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outputs = model(**inputs)
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predictions = torch.nn.functional.softmax(outputs.logits, dim=-1)
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# Print results
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print("Predictions:", predictions)
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predicted_class = torch.argmax(predictions, dim=-1).item()
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print("Predicted severity:", labels[predicted_class])
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```
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## Training procedure
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- lr_scheduler_type: linear
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- num_epochs: 5
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It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
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- Loss: 2.0549
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- Accuracy: 0.8168
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- F1 Macro: 0.7486
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- Low Precision: 0.6931
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- Low Recall: 0.4992
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- Low F1: 0.5804
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- Medium Precision: 0.8449
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- Medium Recall: 0.8722
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- Medium F1: 0.8584
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- High Precision: 0.8083
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- High Recall: 0.8124
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- High F1: 0.8103
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- Critical Precision: 0.7617
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- Critical Recall: 0.7299
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- Critical F1: 0.7455
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### Training results
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| Training Loss | Epoch | Step | Validation Loss | Accuracy | F1 Macro | Low Precision | Low Recall | Low F1 | Medium Precision | Medium Recall | Medium F1 | High Precision | High Recall | High F1 | Critical Precision | Critical Recall | Critical F1 |
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|:-------------:|:-----:|:-----:|:---------------:|:--------:|:--------:|:-------------:|:----------:|:------:|:----------------:|:-------------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-----------:|:-------:|:------------------:|:---------------:|:-----------:|
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### Framework versions
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- Transformers 5.8.
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- Pytorch 2.
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- Datasets 4.8.5
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- Tokenizers 0.22.2
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---
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library_name: transformers
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license: mit
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base_model: roberta-base
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tags:
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metrics:
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- accuracy
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model-index:
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- name: vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base
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results: []
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---
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<!-- This model card has been generated automatically according to the information the Trainer had access to. You
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should probably proofread and complete it, then remove this comment. -->
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# vulnerability-severity-classification-roberta-base
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This model is a fine-tuned version of [roberta-base](https://huggingface.co/roberta-base) on an unknown dataset.
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It achieves the following results on the evaluation set:
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- Loss: 2.0079
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- Accuracy: 0.8187
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- F1 Macro: 0.7495
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- Low Precision: 0.6490
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- Low Recall: 0.5059
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- Low F1: 0.5686
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- Medium Precision: 0.8468
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- Medium Recall: 0.8712
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- Medium F1: 0.8588
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- High Precision: 0.8140
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- High Recall: 0.8114
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- High F1: 0.8127
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- Critical Precision: 0.7671
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- Critical Recall: 0.7488
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- Critical F1: 0.7579
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## Model description
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More information needed
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## Intended uses & limitations
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More information needed
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## Training and evaluation data
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More information needed
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## Training procedure
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- lr_scheduler_type: linear
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- num_epochs: 5
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### Training results
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| Training Loss | Epoch | Step | Validation Loss | Accuracy | F1 Macro | Low Precision | Low Recall | Low F1 | Medium Precision | Medium Recall | Medium F1 | High Precision | High Recall | High F1 | Critical Precision | Critical Recall | Critical F1 |
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|:-------------:|:-----:|:-----:|:---------------:|:--------:|:--------:|:-------------:|:----------:|:------:|:----------------:|:-------------:|:---------:|:--------------:|:-----------:|:-------:|:------------------:|:---------------:|:-----------:|
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| 2.8382 | 1.0 | 16475 | 2.5695 | 0.7351 | 0.6552 | 0.4964 | 0.4244 | 0.4576 | 0.7986 | 0.7994 | 0.7990 | 0.7393 | 0.6933 | 0.7156 | 0.5868 | 0.7245 | 0.6484 |
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| 2.3037 | 2.0 | 32950 | 2.3201 | 0.7709 | 0.6774 | 0.6294 | 0.3490 | 0.4490 | 0.8025 | 0.8541 | 0.8275 | 0.7629 | 0.7502 | 0.7565 | 0.6908 | 0.6630 | 0.6766 |
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| 2.1765 | 3.0 | 49425 | 2.1006 | 0.7905 | 0.7077 | 0.6790 | 0.3867 | 0.4928 | 0.8246 | 0.8568 | 0.8404 | 0.7894 | 0.7659 | 0.7775 | 0.6903 | 0.7524 | 0.7201 |
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| 1.7249 | 4.0 | 65900 | 2.0247 | 0.8091 | 0.7329 | 0.6677 | 0.4528 | 0.5396 | 0.8236 | 0.8874 | 0.8543 | 0.8136 | 0.7828 | 0.7979 | 0.7669 | 0.7144 | 0.7397 |
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| 1.3227 | 5.0 | 82375 | 2.0079 | 0.8187 | 0.7495 | 0.6490 | 0.5059 | 0.5686 | 0.8468 | 0.8712 | 0.8588 | 0.8140 | 0.8114 | 0.8127 | 0.7671 | 0.7488 | 0.7579 |
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### Framework versions
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- Transformers 5.8.1
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- Pytorch 2.12.0+cu130
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- Datasets 4.8.5
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- Tokenizers 0.22.2
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config.json
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"pad_token_id": 1,
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"problem_type": "single_label_classification",
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"tie_word_embeddings": true,
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"transformers_version": "5.8.
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"type_vocab_size": 1,
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"use_cache": true,
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"vocab_size": 50265
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"pad_token_id": 1,
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"problem_type": "single_label_classification",
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"tie_word_embeddings": true,
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"transformers_version": "5.8.1",
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"type_vocab_size": 1,
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"use_cache": true,
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"vocab_size": 50265
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model.safetensors
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version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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size 498618976
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version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
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size 498618976
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