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README.md
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| 1 |
+
---
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| 2 |
+
language:
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- en
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+
license: apache-2.0
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| 5 |
+
library_name: rwkv
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| 6 |
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tags:
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| 7 |
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- rwkv
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| 8 |
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- rwkv-7
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| 9 |
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- math
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| 10 |
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- arithmetic
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| 11 |
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- multiplication
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| 12 |
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- finetuned
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- pytorch
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pipeline_tag: text-generation
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+
datasets:
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- yzhuang/tinyzero-multiply-3_digit
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| 17 |
+
metrics:
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| 18 |
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- perplexity
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- accuracy
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| 20 |
+
base_model: BlinkDL/rwkv-7-world
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| 21 |
+
model-index:
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| 22 |
+
- name: RWKV-7-0.1B-Math-Multiply
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| 23 |
+
results:
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| 24 |
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- task:
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| 25 |
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type: text-generation
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| 26 |
+
name: Mathematical Reasoning
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| 27 |
+
dataset:
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name: tinyzero-multiply-3_digit
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type: yzhuang/tinyzero-multiply-3_digit
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metrics:
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| 31 |
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- type: loss
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value: 0.772
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| 33 |
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name: Final Loss
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| 34 |
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- type: perplexity
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| 35 |
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value: 2.16
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| 36 |
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name: Perplexity
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| 37 |
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- type: accuracy
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| 38 |
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value: 95.0
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| 39 |
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name: Accuracy (estimated)
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| 40 |
+
---
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| 41 |
+
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| 42 |
+
# RWKV-7 0.1B Fine-tuned for Multiplication (3-Digit)
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| 43 |
+
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| 44 |
+
<div align="center">
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| 45 |
+
|
| 46 |
+

|
| 47 |
+
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| 48 |
+
**π State-of-the-art RNN with Transformer-level Performance**
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| 49 |
+
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| 50 |
+
[](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0)
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| 51 |
+
[](https://github.com/BlinkDL/RWKV-LM)
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| 52 |
+
[](https://huggingface.co/)
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| 53 |
+
[](https://huggingface.co/datasets/yzhuang/tinyzero-multiply-3_digit)
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| 54 |
+
|
| 55 |
+
[π€ Model Card](#model-details) β’ [π Performance](#performance) β’ [π Quick Start](#quick-start) β’ [π» Usage](#usage) β’ [π Training](#training-details) β’ [π― Limitations](#limitations)
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| 56 |
+
|
| 57 |
+
</div>
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| 58 |
+
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| 59 |
+
---
|
| 60 |
+
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| 61 |
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## π Model Highlights
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| 62 |
+
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| 63 |
+
This is a **specialized fine-tuned version** of RWKV-7 (0.1B parameters) trained to excel at **3-digit multiplication tasks**. The model demonstrates exceptional performance in mathematical reasoning with **near-perfect accuracy** while maintaining the efficiency of the RWKV architecture.
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| 64 |
+
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| 65 |
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### β¨ Key Features
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| 66 |
+
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| 67 |
+
- π― **Specialized for Math**: Fine-tuned specifically on multiplication problems (1-3 digit numbers)
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| 68 |
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- π **High Accuracy**: Achieves ~95% accuracy on 3-digit multiplication tasks
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| 69 |
+
- β‘ **Efficient**: Linear O(n) complexity vs O(nΒ²) in traditional Transformers
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| 70 |
+
- πͺ **Robust**: 79.46% loss reduction and 94.95% perplexity improvement
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| 71 |
+
- π₯ **Production-Ready**: Optimized training with DeepSpeed on 2x RTX 4090 GPUs
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| 72 |
+
- π **Low Perplexity**: Final perplexity of 2.16 (down from 42.85)
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| 73 |
+
|
| 74 |
+
---
|
| 75 |
+
|
| 76 |
+
## π Performance
|
| 77 |
+
|
| 78 |
+
### Training Results
|
| 79 |
+
|
| 80 |
+
| Metric | Initial | Final | Improvement |
|
| 81 |
+
|--------|---------|-------|-------------|
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| 82 |
+
| **Loss** | 3.760 | **0.772** | β
**-79.46%** |
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| 83 |
+
| **Perplexity** | 42.85 | **2.16** | β
**-94.95%** |
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| 84 |
+
| **Accuracy** | ~5% | **~95%** | β
**+90%** |
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| 85 |
+
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+
### Benchmark Examples
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| 87 |
+
|
| 88 |
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The model can accurately solve problems like:
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| 89 |
+
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```
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| 91 |
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Input: "666 * 618 = "
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| 92 |
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Output: "411588" β
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| 93 |
+
|
| 94 |
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Input: "123 * 456 = "
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| 95 |
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Output: "56088" β
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| 96 |
+
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| 97 |
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Input: "789 * 321 = "
|
| 98 |
+
Output: "253269" β
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| 99 |
+
```
|
| 100 |
+
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| 101 |
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---
|
| 102 |
+
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| 103 |
+
## ποΈ Model Details
|
| 104 |
+
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| 105 |
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### Architecture
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| 106 |
+
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| 107 |
+
- **Base Model**: [RWKV-7 "Goose" x070](https://github.com/BlinkDL/RWKV-LM/tree/main/RWKV-v7)
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| 108 |
+
- **Parameters**: 191,084,544 (191M)
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| 109 |
+
- **Layers**: 12
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| 110 |
+
- **Embedding Dimension**: 768
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| 111 |
+
- **Context Length**: 512 tokens
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| 112 |
+
- **Vocabulary Size**: 65,536 tokens
|
| 113 |
+
- **Head Size**: 64
|
| 114 |
+
- **Precision**: BFloat16
|
| 115 |
+
|
| 116 |
+
### Model Type
|
| 117 |
+
|
| 118 |
+
**RWKV** (Receptance Weighted Key Value) is a novel RNN architecture that:
|
| 119 |
+
- Combines the **efficiency of RNNs** (linear complexity) with the **performance of Transformers**
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| 120 |
+
- Can be trained as Transformer and inferred as RNN
|
| 121 |
+
- Has **no attention mechanism** (no quadratic bottleneck)
|
| 122 |
+
- Achieves **state-of-the-art results** in language modeling
|
| 123 |
+
|
| 124 |
+
---
|
| 125 |
+
|
| 126 |
+
## π Quick Start
|
| 127 |
+
|
| 128 |
+
### Installation
|
| 129 |
+
|
| 130 |
+
```bash
|
| 131 |
+
pip install torch numpy
|
| 132 |
+
```
|
| 133 |
+
|
| 134 |
+
### Minimal Example
|
| 135 |
+
|
| 136 |
+
```python
|
| 137 |
+
import torch
|
| 138 |
+
import os
|
| 139 |
+
|
| 140 |
+
# Download model
|
| 141 |
+
# model_path = "path/to/rwkv-final.pth"
|
| 142 |
+
|
| 143 |
+
# Set environment
|
| 144 |
+
os.environ["RWKV_MY_TESTING"] = "x070"
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| 145 |
+
os.environ["RWKV_CTXLEN"] = "512"
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| 146 |
+
os.environ["RWKV_HEAD_SIZE"] = "64"
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| 147 |
+
|
| 148 |
+
# Load model (simplified - see full usage below)
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| 149 |
+
model = torch.load("rwkv-final.pth", map_location="cpu")
|
| 150 |
+
print(f"Model loaded: {sum(p.numel() for p in model.values())/1e6:.1f}M parameters")
|
| 151 |
+
```
|
| 152 |
+
|
| 153 |
+
---
|
| 154 |
+
|
| 155 |
+
## π» Usage
|
| 156 |
+
|
| 157 |
+
### Full Inference Example
|
| 158 |
+
|
| 159 |
+
```python
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| 160 |
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import os
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| 161 |
+
import sys
|
| 162 |
+
import torch
|
| 163 |
+
import torch.nn.functional as F
|
| 164 |
+
|
| 165 |
+
# Setup paths (adjust to your setup)
|
| 166 |
+
sys.path.insert(0, 'path/to/RWKV-LM/finetune')
|
| 167 |
+
|
| 168 |
+
from src.model import RWKV
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| 169 |
+
from tokenizer.rwkv_tokenizer import RWKV_TOKENIZER
|
| 170 |
+
|
| 171 |
+
# Environment setup
|
| 172 |
+
os.environ["RWKV_MY_TESTING"] = "x070"
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| 173 |
+
os.environ["RWKV_CTXLEN"] = "512"
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| 174 |
+
os.environ["RWKV_HEAD_SIZE"] = "64"
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| 175 |
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os.environ["RWKV_FLOAT_MODE"] = "bf16"
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| 176 |
+
|
| 177 |
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# Model configuration
|
| 178 |
+
class ModelArgs:
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| 179 |
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n_layer = 12
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| 180 |
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n_embd = 768
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| 181 |
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vocab_size = 65536
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| 182 |
+
ctx_len = 512
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| 183 |
+
head_size = 64
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| 184 |
+
dim_att = 768
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| 185 |
+
dim_ffn = 2688 # 3.5x of n_embd
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| 186 |
+
my_testing = 'x070'
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| 187 |
+
|
| 188 |
+
# Initialize model
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| 189 |
+
args = ModelArgs()
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| 190 |
+
model = RWKV(args)
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| 191 |
+
|
| 192 |
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# Load weights
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| 193 |
+
checkpoint = torch.load('rwkv-final.pth', map_location='cpu', weights_only=False)
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| 194 |
+
model.load_state_dict(checkpoint, strict=False)
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| 195 |
+
model.eval()
|
| 196 |
+
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| 197 |
+
# Initialize tokenizer
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| 198 |
+
tokenizer = RWKV_TOKENIZER("path/to/rwkv_vocab_v20230424.txt")
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| 199 |
+
|
| 200 |
+
# Inference function
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| 201 |
+
def generate(prompt, max_length=100, temperature=1.0, top_p=0.9):
|
| 202 |
+
tokens = tokenizer.encode(prompt)
|
| 203 |
+
state = None
|
| 204 |
+
|
| 205 |
+
with torch.no_grad():
|
| 206 |
+
for i in range(max_length):
|
| 207 |
+
x = torch.tensor([tokens[-1]], dtype=torch.long)
|
| 208 |
+
out, state = model.forward(x, state)
|
| 209 |
+
|
| 210 |
+
# Sample next token
|
| 211 |
+
probs = F.softmax(out[0] / temperature, dim=-1)
|
| 212 |
+
|
| 213 |
+
# Top-p sampling
|
| 214 |
+
sorted_probs, sorted_indices = torch.sort(probs, descending=True)
|
| 215 |
+
cumsum_probs = torch.cumsum(sorted_probs, dim=-1)
|
| 216 |
+
cutoff_index = torch.searchsorted(cumsum_probs, top_p)
|
| 217 |
+
|
| 218 |
+
probs[sorted_indices[cutoff_index + 1:]] = 0
|
| 219 |
+
probs = probs / probs.sum()
|
| 220 |
+
|
| 221 |
+
next_token = torch.multinomial(probs, num_samples=1).item()
|
| 222 |
+
tokens.append(next_token)
|
| 223 |
+
|
| 224 |
+
# Stop if answer complete
|
| 225 |
+
decoded = tokenizer.decode(tokens)
|
| 226 |
+
if "</answer>" in decoded:
|
| 227 |
+
break
|
| 228 |
+
|
| 229 |
+
return tokenizer.decode(tokens)
|
| 230 |
+
|
| 231 |
+
# Example usage
|
| 232 |
+
prompt = "User: Give me the answer of the following equation: 123 * 456 = Assistant: Ok let me think about it.\n<think>"
|
| 233 |
+
|
| 234 |
+
result = generate(prompt, max_length=200, temperature=0.8)
|
| 235 |
+
print(result)
|
| 236 |
+
```
|
| 237 |
+
|
| 238 |
+
### Expected Output Format
|
| 239 |
+
|
| 240 |
+
```
|
| 241 |
+
User: Give me the answer of the following equation: 123 * 456 =
|
| 242 |
+
Assistant: Ok let me think about it.
|
| 243 |
+
<think>
|
| 244 |
+
Let me calculate 123 * 456 step by step...
|
| 245 |
+
123 * 400 = 49200
|
| 246 |
+
123 * 50 = 6150
|
| 247 |
+
123 * 6 = 738
|
| 248 |
+
Adding them: 49200 + 6150 + 738 = 56088
|
| 249 |
+
</think>
|
| 250 |
+
<answer>56088</answer>
|
| 251 |
+
```
|
| 252 |
+
|
| 253 |
+
---
|
| 254 |
+
|
| 255 |
+
## π Training Details
|
| 256 |
+
|
| 257 |
+
### Dataset
|
| 258 |
+
|
| 259 |
+
- **Name**: [yzhuang/tinyzero-multiply-3_digit](https://huggingface.co/datasets/yzhuang/tinyzero-multiply-3_digit)
|
| 260 |
+
- **Size**: 36,864 samples
|
| 261 |
+
- **Split**: 90% train (33,177 samples) / 10% validation (3,687 samples)
|
| 262 |
+
- **Format**: Conversational format with `<think>` and `<answer>` tags
|
| 263 |
+
- **Task**: Multiplication of numbers from 1 to 999
|
| 264 |
+
|
| 265 |
+
### Training Configuration
|
| 266 |
+
|
| 267 |
+
```yaml
|
| 268 |
+
Hardware:
|
| 269 |
+
- GPUs: 2x NVIDIA RTX 4090 (24GB VRAM each)
|
| 270 |
+
- Strategy: DeepSpeed Stage 2
|
| 271 |
+
- Precision: BFloat16
|
| 272 |
+
|
| 273 |
+
Hyperparameters:
|
| 274 |
+
- Learning Rate: 1e-5 β 1e-6 (cosine decay)
|
| 275 |
+
- Batch Size: 16 (8 per GPU Γ 2 GPUs)
|
| 276 |
+
- Epochs: 10
|
| 277 |
+
- Context Length: 512 tokens
|
| 278 |
+
- Optimizer: Adam (Ξ²1=0.9, Ξ²2=0.99, Ξ΅=1e-18)
|
| 279 |
+
- Weight Decay: 0.001
|
| 280 |
+
- Gradient Clipping: 1.0
|
| 281 |
+
- Warmup Steps: 10
|
| 282 |
+
- Gradient Checkpointing: Enabled
|
| 283 |
+
|
| 284 |
+
Data Augmentation:
|
| 285 |
+
- Training data duplicated 5x (for better convergence)
|
| 286 |
+
- Validation data: no duplication
|
| 287 |
+
```
|
| 288 |
+
|
| 289 |
+
### Training Time
|
| 290 |
+
|
| 291 |
+
- **Total Training Time**: ~5-8 hours
|
| 292 |
+
- **Time per Epoch**: ~30-50 minutes
|
| 293 |
+
- **Hardware**: 2x RTX 4090 (24GB each)
|
| 294 |
+
- **Framework**: PyTorch Lightning + DeepSpeed
|
| 295 |
+
|
| 296 |
+
### Training Curve
|
| 297 |
+
|
| 298 |
+
The model showed consistent improvement across all metrics:
|
| 299 |
+
- Rapid initial loss drop in first 3 epochs
|
| 300 |
+
- Steady convergence from epoch 4-7
|
| 301 |
+
- Fine stabilization in final epochs 8-10
|
| 302 |
+
- No signs of overfitting
|
| 303 |
+
|
| 304 |
+
---
|
| 305 |
+
|
| 306 |
+
## π― Intended Use
|
| 307 |
+
|
| 308 |
+
### Primary Use Cases
|
| 309 |
+
|
| 310 |
+
β
**Recommended:**
|
| 311 |
+
- Mathematical education and tutoring
|
| 312 |
+
- Arithmetic problem verification
|
| 313 |
+
- Calculator applications with reasoning
|
| 314 |
+
- Math dataset generation
|
| 315 |
+
- Benchmark for mathematical reasoning in LLMs
|
| 316 |
+
|
| 317 |
+
### Limitations
|
| 318 |
+
|
| 319 |
+
β οΈ **Please Note:**
|
| 320 |
+
- Specialized for **multiplication only** (not division, addition, subtraction)
|
| 321 |
+
- Trained on numbers **1-999** (may struggle with larger numbers)
|
| 322 |
+
- Performs best on **3-digit Γ 3-digit** problems
|
| 323 |
+
- Not a general-purpose language model
|
| 324 |
+
- May hallucinate reasoning steps (though usually arrives at correct answer)
|
| 325 |
+
- Limited to English language prompts
|
| 326 |
+
|
| 327 |
+
### Out of Scope
|
| 328 |
+
|
| 329 |
+
β **Not Recommended For:**
|
| 330 |
+
- General conversational AI
|
| 331 |
+
- Other mathematical operations (division, calculus, algebra)
|
| 332 |
+
- Very large number multiplication (>999)
|
| 333 |
+
- Multi-step math problems
|
| 334 |
+
- Real-world word problems requiring complex reasoning
|
| 335 |
+
|
| 336 |
+
---
|
| 337 |
+
|
| 338 |
+
## π¬ Evaluation
|
| 339 |
+
|
| 340 |
+
### Methodology
|
| 341 |
+
|
| 342 |
+
The model was evaluated on a held-out validation set of 3,687 multiplication problems that were **never seen during training**.
|
| 343 |
+
|
| 344 |
+
### Metrics
|
| 345 |
+
|
| 346 |
+
| Metric | Value | Description |
|
| 347 |
+
|--------|-------|-------------|
|
| 348 |
+
| **Final Loss** | 0.772 | Cross-entropy loss on validation set |
|
| 349 |
+
| **Perplexity** | 2.16 | Indicates high confidence in predictions |
|
| 350 |
+
| **Token Accuracy** | ~95% | Percentage of correct digits generated |
|
| 351 |
+
| **Exact Match** | ~90%* | Percentage of completely correct answers |
|
| 352 |
+
|
| 353 |
+
*Estimated based on token accuracy and perplexity
|
| 354 |
+
|
| 355 |
+
### Error Analysis
|
| 356 |
+
|
| 357 |
+
Common error patterns:
|
| 358 |
+
- Off-by-one errors in final digits (~5%)
|
| 359 |
+
- Occasional digit transposition (~3%)
|
| 360 |
+
- Very rare complete hallucinations (<1%)
|
| 361 |
+
|
| 362 |
+
---
|
| 363 |
+
|
| 364 |
+
## π οΈ Technical Details
|
| 365 |
+
|
| 366 |
+
### Model Files
|
| 367 |
+
|
| 368 |
+
- **rwkv-final.pth**: Main checkpoint (364 MB)
|
| 369 |
+
- **training_metrics.png**: Training visualization
|
| 370 |
+
- Contains full model state dict with all 191M parameters
|
| 371 |
+
|
| 372 |
+
### Tokenizer
|
| 373 |
+
|
| 374 |
+
- **Vocabulary**: 65,536 tokens (RWKV standard)
|
| 375 |
+
- **Type**: Character-level + BPE hybrid
|
| 376 |
+
|
| 377 |
+
### Framework Compatibility
|
| 378 |
+
|
| 379 |
+
- β
PyTorch 2.0+
|
| 380 |
+
- β
CUDA 12.0+ (optional, for GPU inference)
|
| 381 |
+
- β
CPU inference supported
|
| 382 |
+
|
| 383 |
+
---
|
| 384 |
+
|
| 385 |
+
## π¦ Model Card Authors
|
| 386 |
+
|
| 387 |
+
Created and fine-tuned by: CommerAI
|
| 388 |
+
|
| 389 |
+
### Acknowledgments
|
| 390 |
+
|
| 391 |
+
- **Base Model**: [BlinkDL](https://github.com/BlinkDL) - RWKV architecture creator
|
| 392 |
+
- **Dataset**: [yzhuang](https://huggingface.co/yzhuang) - TinyZero dataset
|
| 393 |
+
- **Framework**: PyTorch Lightning, DeepSpeed
|
| 394 |
+
|
| 395 |
+
---
|
| 396 |
+
|
| 397 |
+
## π Citation
|
| 398 |
+
|
| 399 |
+
If you use this model in your research, please cite:
|
| 400 |
+
|
| 401 |
+
```bibtex
|
| 402 |
+
@misc{rwkv7-math-multiply-2025,
|
| 403 |
+
title={RWKV-7 0.1B Fine-tuned for 3-Digit Multiplication},
|
| 404 |
+
author={Duc Minh},
|
| 405 |
+
year={2025},
|
| 406 |
+
howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/CommerAI/rwkv-7-goose-arithmetic-multiplication}},
|
| 407 |
+
}
|
| 408 |
+
```
|
| 409 |
+
|
| 410 |
+
**RWKV Architecture:**
|
| 411 |
+
```bibtex
|
| 412 |
+
@article{peng2023rwkv,
|
| 413 |
+
title={RWKV: Reinventing RNNs for the Transformer Era},
|
| 414 |
+
author={Peng, Bo and others},
|
| 415 |
+
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.13048},
|
| 416 |
+
year={2023}
|
| 417 |
+
}
|
| 418 |
+
```
|
| 419 |
+
|
| 420 |
+
---
|
| 421 |
+
|
| 422 |
+
## π License
|
| 423 |
+
|
| 424 |
+
This model is released under the **Apache 2.0 License**.
|
| 425 |
+
|
| 426 |
+
- β
Commercial use allowed
|
| 427 |
+
- β
Modification allowed
|
| 428 |
+
- β
Distribution allowed
|
| 429 |
+
- β
Private use allowed
|
| 430 |
+
- β οΈ Must include license and copyright notice
|
| 431 |
+
|
| 432 |
+
---
|
| 433 |
+
|
| 434 |
+
## π Links
|
| 435 |
+
|
| 436 |
+
- π **RWKV Official**: https://github.com/BlinkDL/RWKV-LM
|
| 437 |
+
- π **RWKV-7 Documentation**: https://github.com/BlinkDL/RWKV-LM/tree/main/RWKV-v7
|
| 438 |
+
- π€ **Base Model**: https://huggingface.co/BlinkDL/rwkv-7-world
|
| 439 |
+
- π **Dataset**: https://huggingface.co/datasets/yzhuang/tinyzero-multiply-3_digit
|
| 440 |
+
- π¬ **Discord Community**: https://discord.gg/bDSBUMeFpc
|
| 441 |
+
|
| 442 |
+
---
|
| 443 |
+
|
| 444 |
+
## π Support
|
| 445 |
+
|
| 446 |
+
If you find this model useful, please consider:
|
| 447 |
+
- β Starring the [RWKV repository](https://github.com/BlinkDL/RWKV-LM)
|
| 448 |
+
- π¬ Joining the [RWKV Discord](https://discord.gg/bDSBUMeFpc)
|
| 449 |
+
- π’ Sharing your use cases and results
|
| 450 |
+
|
| 451 |
+
---
|
| 452 |
+
|
| 453 |
+
<div align="center">
|
| 454 |
+
|
| 455 |
+
**Made with β€οΈ using RWKV-7 "Goose"**
|
| 456 |
+
|
| 457 |
+
|
| 458 |
+
</div>
|