import abc
import torch
import json
import hashlib
import collections
from tqdm import tqdm
from typing import Iterable
from abc import abstractmethod
from torch import nn
import transformers
import torch.nn.functional as F

class TruncateFunction(torch.autograd.Function):
    @staticmethod
    def forward(ctx, input, threshold):
        truncated_tensor = input.clone()
        truncated_tensor[truncated_tensor.abs() < threshold] = truncated_tensor[truncated_tensor.abs() < threshold].sign() * threshold
        return truncated_tensor
        

    @staticmethod
    def backward(ctx, grad_output):
        grad_input = grad_output.clone()
        return grad_input, None

def truncate_number(number, threshold=1e-3):
    # clamping scale to avoid overflow in the AMP training
    return TruncateFunction.apply(number, threshold)

def find_layers(module, layers=[nn.Conv2d, nn.Linear, transformers.Conv1D], name=""):
    if type(module) in layers:
        return {name: module}
    res = {}
    for name1, child in module.named_children():
        res.update(
            find_layers(
                child, layers=layers, name=name + "." + name1 if name != "" else name1
            )
        )
    return res


class CacheHook:
    def __init__(self, cachinglm):
        if cachinglm is None:
            self.dbdict = None
            return

        self.dbdict = cachinglm.dbdict

    def add_partial(self, attr, req, res):
        if self.dbdict is None:
            return
        hsh = hash_args(attr, req)
        self.dbdict[hsh] = res


class LM(abc.ABC):
    def __init__(self):
        self.cache_hook = CacheHook(None)

    @abstractmethod
    def loglikelihood(self, requests):
        """Compute log-likelihood of generating a continuation from a context.
        Downstream tasks should attempt to use loglikelihood instead of other
        LM calls whenever possible.

        :param requests: list
            A list of pairs (context, continuation)
            context: str
                Context string. Implementations of LM must be able to handle an
                empty context string.
            continuation: str
                The continuation over which log likelihood will be calculated. If
                there is a word boundary, the space should be in the continuation.
                For example, context="hello" continuation=" world" is correct.
        :return: list
            A list of pairs (logprob, isgreedy)
            logprob: float
                The log probability of `continuation`
            isgreedy:
                Whether `continuation` would be generated by greedy sampling from `context`
        """
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def loglikelihood_rolling(self, requests):
        """Compute full log-likelihood of a string, with no truncation, for perplexity computation
        - We will use the full max context length of the model.
        - For inputs that exceed the max context length, we divide the tokenized string into chunks of up to
        the max context length.
        - IMPORTANT: Each document's loglikelihood/perplexity is computed *separately*, unlike other implementations
          which may simply concatenate multiple documents together.
        - IMPORTANT: We maximize the amount of context for each prediction. Specifically, for inputs that we break into
          multiple chunks, the last input will still a full-sized context.
          Example:
            Input tokens: [ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ]
            Prefix: EOT
            Max context length: 4
            Resulting input/prediction pairs:

                INPUT:  EOT   0   1   2
                PRED:     0   1   2   3

                INPUT:    3   4   5   6
                PRED:     4   5   6   7

                INPUT:    5   6   7   8
                PRED:             8   9

          Observe that:
            1. Each token is predicted exactly once
            2. For the last pair, we provide the full context, but only score the last two tokens

        :param requests: list
            A list of strings
            string: str
                String for which we are computing per-toke  loglikelihood
        :return: list
            A list of pairs (logprob, isgreedy)
            logprob: float
                The log probability of `continuation`
            isgreedy:
                Whether `continuation` would be generated by greedy sampling from `context`
        """
        pass

    # TODO: Add an optional max length
    @abstractmethod
    def greedy_until(self, requests):
        """Generate greedily until a stopping sequence

        :param requests: list
            A list of pairs (context, until)
            context: str
                Context string
            until: [str]
                The string sequences to generate until. These string sequences
                may each span across multiple tokens, or may be part of one token.
        :return: list
            A list of strings continuation
            continuation: str
                The generated continuation.
        """
        pass

    @classmethod
    def create_from_arg_string(cls, additional_config=None):
        additional_config = {} if additional_config is None else additional_config
        args = {k: v for k, v in additional_config.items() if v is not None}
        return cls(**args)

    def set_cache_hook(self, cache_hook):
        self.cache_hook = cache_hook


class BaseLM(LM):
    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def eot_token_id(self):
        pass

    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def max_length(self):
        pass

    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def max_gen_toks(self):
        pass

    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def batch_size(self):
        pass

    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def device(self):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def tok_encode(self, string: str):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def tok_decode(self, tokens: Iterable[int]):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def _model_generate(self, context, max_length, eos_token_id):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def _model_call(self, inps):
        """
        inps: a torch tensor of shape [batch, sequence]
        the size of sequence may vary from call to call

        returns: a torch tensor of shape [batch, sequence, vocab] with the
        logits returned from the model
        """
        pass

    # subclass must implement properties vocab_size, eot_token_id, max_gen_toks, batch_size, device, max_length.
    # TODO: enforce this somehow

    def loglikelihood(self, requests):
        new_reqs = []
        for context, continuation in requests:
            if context == "":
                # end of text as context
                context_enc = [self.eot_token_id]
            else:
                context_enc = self.tok_encode(context)

            continuation_enc = self.tok_encode(continuation)
            new_reqs.append(((context, continuation), context_enc, continuation_enc))

        return self._loglikelihood_tokens(new_reqs)

    def loglikelihood_rolling(self, requests):
        # TODO: Implement caching once we've confirmed the perplexity implementation
        # TODO: automatic batch size detection for vectorization

        loglikelihoods = []
        for (string,) in tqdm(requests):
            rolling_token_windows = list(
                map(
                    make_disjoint_window,
                    get_rolling_token_windows(
                        token_list=self.tok_encode(string),
                        prefix_token=self.eot_token_id,
                        max_seq_len=self.max_length,
                        context_len=1,
                    ),
                )
            )

            rolling_token_windows = [(None,) + x for x in rolling_token_windows]

            # TODO: extract out this call so it only gets called once and also somehow figure out partial caching for
            # that
            string_nll = self._loglikelihood_tokens(
                rolling_token_windows, disable_tqdm=True
            )

            # discard is_greedy
            string_nll = [x[0] for x in string_nll]

            string_nll = sum(string_nll)
            loglikelihoods.append(string_nll)

        return loglikelihoods

    def _loglikelihood_tokens(self, requests, disable_tqdm=False):
        # TODO: implement some kind of efficient-request-middleware that lumps together requests with the same context
        res = []
        dataset_inps = []

        def _collate(x):
            # the negative sign on len(toks) sorts descending - this has a few advantages:
            # - time estimates will always be over not underestimates, which is more useful for planning
            # - to know the size of a batch when going through the list, you know the first one is always the batch
            #   padded context length. this is useful to simplify the batching logic and more importantly to make
            #   automatic adaptive batches much much easier to implement
            # - any OOMs will happen right away rather than near the end

            toks = x[1] + x[2]
            return -len(toks), tuple(toks)

        # TODO: automatic (variable) batch size detection for vectorization
        re_ord = Reorderer(requests, _collate)
        for chunk in chunks(
            tqdm(re_ord.get_reordered(), disable=disable_tqdm), self.batch_size
        ):
            inps = []
            cont_toks_list = []
            inplens = []

            padding_length = None

            # because vectorizing is annoying, we first convert each (context, continuation) pair to padded
            # tensors, then we pack them together into a batch, call the model, and then pick it all apart
            # again because vectorizing is annoying

            for _, context_enc, continuation_enc in chunk:
                # sanity check
                assert len(context_enc) > 0
                assert len(continuation_enc) > 0
                assert len(continuation_enc) <= self.max_length

                # how this all works:
                #          CTX      CONT
                # inp    0 1 2 3|4 5 6 7 8 9   <- last token is deleted by inp[:, :-1]
                # gpt2    \               \
                # logits   1 2 3|4 5 6 7 8 9   <- the ctx half gets tossed out by the
                # cont_toks      4 5 6 7 8 9      [:, -len(continuation_enc):, :self.vocab_size] slice

                # when too long to fit in context, truncate from the left
                inp = torch.tensor(
                    (context_enc + continuation_enc)[-(self.max_length + 1) :][:-1],
                    dtype=torch.long,
                ).to(self.device)
                (inplen,) = inp.shape

                cont = continuation_enc

                # since in _collate we make sure length is descending, the longest is always the first one.
                padding_length = (
                    padding_length if padding_length is not None else inplen
                )

                # pad length from seq to padding_length
                inp = torch.cat(
                    [
                        inp,  # [seq]
                        torch.zeros(padding_length - inplen, dtype=torch.long).to(
                            inp.device
                        ),  # [padding_length - seq]
                    ],
                    dim=0,
                )

                inps.append(inp.unsqueeze(0))  # [1, padding_length]
                cont_toks_list.append(cont)
                inplens.append(inplen)
            # import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
            batched_inps = torch.cat(inps, dim=0).to(
                self.device
            )  # [batch, padding_length

            # self.model = self.model.to(self.device)
            multi_logits = F.log_softmax(
                self._model_call(batched_inps), dim=-1
            ).cpu()  # [batch, padding_length, vocab]


            for (cache_key, _, _), logits, inp, inplen, cont_toks in zip(
                chunk, multi_logits, inps, inplens, cont_toks_list
            ):

                # Slice to original seq length
                contlen = len(cont_toks)
                logits = logits[inplen - contlen : inplen].unsqueeze(
                    0
                )  # [1, seq, vocab]

                # Check if per-token argmax is exactly equal to continuation
                greedy_tokens = logits.argmax(dim=-1)
                cont_toks = torch.tensor(cont_toks, dtype=torch.long).unsqueeze(
                    0
                )  # [1, seq]
                # import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
                max_equal = (greedy_tokens == cont_toks).all()

                # Obtain log-probs at the corresponding continuation token indices
                # last_token_slice = logits[:, -1, :].squeeze(0).tolist()
                logits = torch.gather(logits, 2, cont_toks.unsqueeze(-1)).squeeze(
                    -1
                )  # [1, seq]

                # Answer: (log prob, is-exact-match)
                answer = (float(logits.sum()), bool(max_equal))

                # partial caching
                if cache_key is not None:
                    self.cache_hook.add_partial("loglikelihood", cache_key, answer)
                res.append(answer)

        return re_ord.get_original(res)

    def greedy_until(self, requests):
        print("greedy utils in base...")
        # TODO: implement fully general `until` that handles until that are
        #       multiple tokens or that span multiple tokens correctly

        # TODO: extract to TokenizedLM?
        res = []

        def _collate(x):
            toks = self.tok_encode(x[0])
            return len(toks), x[0]

        re_ord = Reorderer(requests, _collate)

        for context, until in tqdm(re_ord.get_reordered()):
            if isinstance(until, str):
                until = [until]

            (primary_until,) = self.tok_encode(until[0])

            context_enc = torch.tensor(
                [self.tok_encode(context)[self.max_gen_toks - self.max_length :]]
            ).to(self.device)

            cont = self._model_generate(
                context_enc, context_enc.shape[1] + self.max_gen_toks, primary_until
            )

            s = self.tok_decode(cont[0].tolist()[context_enc.shape[1] :])

            for term in until:
                s = s.split(term)[0]

            # partial caching
            self.cache_hook.add_partial("greedy_until", (context, until), s)

            res.append(s)

        return re_ord.get_original(res)


def make_disjoint_window(pair):
    """Takes output from get_rolling_token_windows and makes the context not overlap with the continuation"""
    a, b = pair
    return a[: len(a) - (len(b) - 1)], b


def hash_args(attr, args):
    dat = json.dumps([attr] + list(args))
    return hashlib.sha256(dat.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()


def simple_parse_args_string(args_string):
    """
    Parses something like
        args1=val1,arg2=val2
    Into a dictionary
    """
    args_string = args_string.strip()
    if not args_string:
        return {}
    arg_list = args_string.split(",")
    args_dict = {}
    for arg in arg_list:
        k, v = arg.split("=")
        args_dict[k] = v
    return args_dict


def get_rolling_token_windows(token_list, prefix_token, max_seq_len, context_len):
    """
    - context_len allows for a rolling window context, allowing each prediction window to potentially
      condition on some context

    :param token_list: list
        List of tokens to be PREDICTED
    :param max_seq_len: int
        max_seq_len of model (or max_seq_len we want to use)
    :param context_len: int
        Amount of desired token context for prediction. Needs to be at least 1.
    :param prefix_token: token
        Dummy token like <eos> so the first token has something to condition on
    :return: generator
        Generator of tuples
            (input_tokens, pred_tokens)
        Note: Score only the last len(pred_tokens) logits of the LM
    """
    assert 1 <= context_len <= max_seq_len
    if not token_list:
        return
    # +1 offset, going from input->preds
    pred_len = max_seq_len - context_len + 1
    predicted = 0

    # Special handling for first window: predict all tokens
    first_seq_len = min(max_seq_len, len(token_list))
    yield ([prefix_token] + token_list[: first_seq_len - 1], token_list[:first_seq_len])
    predicted += first_seq_len

    while predicted < len(token_list):
        window_pred_len = min(len(token_list) - predicted, pred_len)
        window_end = predicted + window_pred_len

        yield (
            token_list[window_end - max_seq_len - 1 : window_end - 1],
            token_list[window_end - window_pred_len : window_end],
        )
        predicted += window_pred_len


class Reorderer:
    def __init__(self, arr, fn):
        self.size = len(arr)
        arr = list(enumerate(arr))
        arr = group(arr, lambda x: fn(x[1]))
        arr = [([y[0] for y in x], x[0][1]) for x in arr]
        arr.sort(key=lambda x: fn(x[1]))

        self.arr = arr

    def get_reordered(self):
        return [x[1] for x in self.arr]

    def get_original(self, newarr):
        res = [None] * self.size
        cov = [False] * self.size

        for (inds, _), v in zip(self.arr, newarr):
            for ind in inds:
                res[ind] = v
                cov[ind] = True

        assert all(cov)

        return res


def join_iters(iters):
    for iter in iters:
        yield from iter


def chunks(iter, n):
    arr = []
    for x in iter:
        arr.append(x)
        if len(arr) == n:
            yield arr
            arr = []

    if arr:
        yield arr


def group(arr, fn):
    res = collections.defaultdict(list)

    for ob in arr:
        res[fn(ob)].append(ob)

    return list(res.values())