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---
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license: apache-2.0
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library_name: pytorch
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base_model: google/siglip2-base-patch16-224
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tags:
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- nutrition-estimation
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- calorie-estimation
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- food
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- nutrition5k
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- image-regression
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datasets:
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- Nutrition5k
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language:
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- en
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metrics:
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- mae
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---
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# kcalorie — food-photo calorie & macro estimation
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A single RGB food photo in, five numbers out: **calories (kcal), mass (g), protein (g), carbohydrate (g), fat (g)**.
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kcalorie is a SigLIP2-base vision tower with a small regression head, fine-tuned end-to-end and evaluated
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under a strict, leakage-audited Nutrition5k protocol.
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+

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## Headline result — locked Nutrition5k test set (608 dishes, official test split, never seen)
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| Metric | kcalorie | CalorieCLIP (same 608 dishes) |
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|---|---|---|
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| Calorie MAE | **51.4 kcal** (95% CI 35.8–78.9) | 181.2 kcal |
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| Median absolute error | **25.9 kcal** | 137.0 kcal |
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| Within ±50 kcal | **76.8%** | 21.4% |
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| Within ±100 kcal | **92.4%** | 40.6% |
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| Bias | **−0.7 kcal** | +134.8 kcal |
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| Calibrated 90% interval | **±105.9 kcal** (actual coverage 93.6%) | — |
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| Invalid predictions | 0 / 608 | 0 / 608 |
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Every test image is a deterministic central frame from the official Nutrition5k camera-A side-angle
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video of an official *test-split* dish — selected by dish ID, never by image quality. Evaluation is
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dish-level (`physical_meal_id`).
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## Comparison with open VLMs (paired 304-dish subset, seed 17)
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Each model answered the same calorie question on the same dishes
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(prompt: *"Estimate the total calories in this food image. Return exactly one integer number in kcal…"*).
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| Model | n | MAE (kcal) | Median AE | Within ±100 kcal | Bias |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| **kcalorie (ours)** | 304 | **64.4** | **23.5** | **92.4%** | −13.6 |
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| Qwen3.5-2B | 304 | 116.4 | 65.0 | 69.4% | −48.1 |
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| MiniCPM-V 4.6 (1.3B) | 304 | 163.3 | 97.0 | 52.6% | +75.5 |
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| Gemma-4-12B † | 100 | 176.8 | 90.5 | 58.0% | −43.3 |
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| CalorieCLIP | 304 | 196.2 | 133.2 | 42.1% | +121.1 |
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† Gemma-4-12B was scored on a seeded 100-dish paired subset of the same 304 dishes (compute budget);
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all parse rates were 100%.
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## Training method
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- **Architecture**: `google/siglip2-base-patch16-224` vision tower (92M params) → LayerNorm →
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MLP head (768→768→256→5) with softplus outputs. Trained with Huber loss, per-task, quality-weighted.
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- **Schedule**: 15 epochs × 20,000 samples, batch 256 (bf16), head LR 1e-4 / trunk LR 2e-5,
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cosine schedule with 5% warmup, first 5% head-only, last 4 vision blocks unfrozen, weight decay 0.05, seed 17.
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- **Checkpoint selection**: best validation MAE on 80 held-out camera-A dishes (validation MAE 39.2 kcal).
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Training ran ~34 minutes on one RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell (CUDA 13).
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- **Calibration**: a conformal radius fitted on 86 held-out calibration dishes gives 90% prediction
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intervals of ±105.9 kcal, with 93.6% actual coverage on the locked test set (`calibration.json`).
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## Training data (20,000 samples, leakage-audited)
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| Source | Samples | Notes |
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|---|---|---|
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| [`pinkieseb/nutrition_dataset`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/pinkieseb/nutrition_dataset) (Nutrition5k video frames) | 19,734 | only dishes provably in the **official Nutrition5k train split** (matched by exact nutrition signature), ≤16 frames per dish |
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| [`aryachakraborty/Food_Calorie_Dataset`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/aryachakraborty/Food_Calorie_Dataset) | 266 | human-estimated labels, down-weighted (0.4) |
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Leakage controls, all enforced programmatically before training:
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- **Group separation**: splits partition by physical dish (`physical_meal_id`); no dish appears in two splits.
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- **Exact-media**: SHA-256 disjointness across fit / validation / calibration / test.
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- **Near-duplicate**: perceptual-hash disjointness; 2 fit images visually colliding with held-out frames were dropped and backfilled.
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- **Official-split proof**: a Nutrition5k registry maps nutrition signatures to official train/test IDs;
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ambiguous signatures are excluded. The audit trail (SHA-256 of every manifest and the source tree) ships in the results.
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## Usage
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```python
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import torch, torch.nn as nn, torch.nn.functional as F
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from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, SiglipVisionModel
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from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
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from PIL import Image
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class NutritionHead(nn.Module):
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def __init__(self, input_dim: int = 768):
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super().__init__()
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self.net = nn.Sequential(
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nn.LayerNorm(input_dim), nn.Linear(input_dim, 768), nn.GELU(), nn.Dropout(.15),
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nn.Linear(768, 256), nn.GELU(), nn.Dropout(.10), nn.Linear(256, 5))
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def forward(self, x): return F.softplus(self.net(x))
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MODEL_ID = "google/siglip2-base-patch16-224"
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processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
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vision = SiglipVisionModel.from_pretrained(MODEL_ID)
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head = NutritionHead()
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state = torch.load(hf_hub_download("Dralkh/kcalorie", "kcalorie.pt"), map_location="cpu", weights_only=False)
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vision.load_state_dict(state["vision_state"]); head.load_state_dict(state["head_state"])
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vision.eval(); head.eval()
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image = Image.open("meal.jpg").convert("RGB")
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pixels = processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt").pixel_values
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with torch.inference_mode():
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out = vision(pixel_values=pixels)
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feats = out.pooler_output if out.pooler_output is not None else out.last_hidden_state[:, 0]
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kcal, mass_g, protein_g, carb_g, fat_g = head(feats.float())[0].tolist()
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print(f"{kcal:.0f} kcal ± 106 (90% interval), {mass_g:.0f} g, P{protein_g:.0f}/C{carb_g:.0f}/F{fat_g:.0f}")
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```
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## Limitations
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- **Domain**: trained and evaluated on Nutrition5k-style plated single dishes photographed from the side;
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accuracy on multi-plate scenes, packaged food, or drinks is untested.
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- **Heavy tail**: RMSE (327) is far above MAE (51) — very high-calorie dishes are occasionally missed badly.
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Use the calibrated interval, not the point estimate, for anything that matters.
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- **Frames, not meals**: training frames come from videos of ~1,250 distinct dishes; visual diversity is
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narrower than the sample count suggests.
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- The VLM baselines answered a zero-shot prompt; instruction-tuned prompting or few-shot could improve them.
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## Provenance
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Full pipeline (data prep, leakage audit, training, evaluation, benchmark) and all raw results with
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SHA-256 checksums: [`Dralkh/ccalorie-siglip2-b0-strict`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Dralkh/ccalorie-siglip2-b0-strict).
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Trained 2026-07-12 for ≈ $1.20 of GPU time. Base checkpoint: CalorieCLIP comparison uses
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[`jc-builds/CalorieCLIP`](https://huggingface.co/jc-builds/CalorieCLIP) (OpenAI CLIP ViT-B/32 + MLP regressor).
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