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README.md
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- morphology
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- turkish
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- nlp
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license: mit
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library_name: turk-tokenizer
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---
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# TurkTokenizer
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**Turkish morphological tokenizer — TR-MMLU world record 92%**
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TurkTokenizer performs linguistically-aware tokenization of Turkish text using morphological rules. Unlike BPE-based tokenizers, it produces meaningful morphological units (roots and suffixes) aligned with Turkish grammar.
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##
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```bash
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pip install git+https://huggingface.co/Ethosoft/turk-tokenizer
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```
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**Java is required**
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| Ubuntu / Debian | `sudo apt install default-jre` |
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| Fedora / RHEL | `sudo dnf install java-latest-openjdk` |
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| macOS | `brew install openjdk` |
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| Windows | `winget install Microsoft.OpenJDK.21` |
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##
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**Direct usage:**
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```python
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from turk_tokenizer import TurkTokenizer
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tok = TurkTokenizer()
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tokens = tok("İstanbul'da meeting'e katılamadım")
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for t in tokens:
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print(t["token"], t["token_type"], t["morph_pos"])
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```
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```python
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer
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out = tok("İstanbul'da meeting'e katılamadım")
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out["attention_mask"] # [1, 1, 1, ...]
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out["token_type_ids"] # 0=root, 1=suffix, 2=bpe, 3=punct, 4=num, 5=url/social
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out["morphological_tokens"] # full morphological dicts
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``
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```
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<uppercase_word> ROOT 0
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istanbul ROOT 0
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da SUFFIX 1
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meeting FOREIGN 0
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e SUFFIX 1
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katılama ROOT 0
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dı SUFFIX 1
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m SUFFIX 2
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```
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## Output Fields
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| Field | Type | Description |
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|---|---|---|
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| `token` | `str` | Token string
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| `token_type` | `str` |
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| `morph_pos` | `int` | `0`
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### Token Types
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| Type | Description |
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| `ROOT` | Turkish root word |
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| `SUFFIX` | Turkish morphological suffix |
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| `FOREIGN` | Foreign/loanword root
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| `BPE` | Unknown subword (fallback) |
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| `PUNCT` | Punctuation
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| `NUM` | Number |
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| `DATE` | Date |
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| `UNIT` | Measurement unit |
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| `URL` | Web
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| `MENTION` | @username |
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| `HASHTAG` | #topic |
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| `EMOJI` | Emoji |
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### Optional Metadata Fields
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| Field | Description |
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| `_canonical` | Canonical morpheme
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| `_suffix_label` | Detailed morphological label
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| `_foreign` | `True`
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| `_caps` | `True`
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| `_domain` | `True`
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| `_compound` | `True`
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| `_parts` | Compound
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| `_expansion` | Acronym expansion
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| `_pos` | POS tag from Zemberek
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| `_lemma` | Lemma from Zemberek |
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| `_disambiguated` | `True`
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| `_root_corrected` | `True`
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## Batch Tokenization
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texts = ["Ankara'da kar yağıyor.", "Meeting'e katılacak mısın?"]
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results = tok.batch_tokenize(texts, workers=4)
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```
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##
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``
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tokens = tok("Türk dili zengin bir morfolojiye sahiptir.")
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s = tok.stats(tokens)
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print(f"TR coverage: {s['tr_pct']}%")
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```
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## Benchmark
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## License
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MIT
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- morphology
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- turkish
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- nlp
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- transformers
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license: mit
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library_name: turk-tokenizer
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pipeline_tag: token-classification
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---
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# TurkTokenizer
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**Turkish morphological tokenizer — TR-MMLU world record 92%**
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TurkTokenizer performs linguistically-aware tokenization of Turkish text using morphological rules. Unlike BPE-based tokenizers, it produces meaningful morphological units (roots and suffixes) aligned with Turkish grammar, powered by [Zemberek NLP](https://github.com/ahmetaa/zemberek-nlp).
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## Model Details
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| **Developer** | [Ethosoft](https://huggingface.co/Ethosoft) |
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| **Language** | Turkish (`tr`) |
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| **License** | MIT |
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| **Benchmark** | TR-MMLU **92%** (world record) |
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| **Morphological engine** | Zemberek NLP (bundled) |
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---
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## Use This Model
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### Installation
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```bash
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pip install git+https://huggingface.co/Ethosoft/turk-tokenizer
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```
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> **Java is required** for Zemberek morphological analysis.
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> If you get a Java error, install it first:
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> | OS | Command |
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> |---|---|
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> | Ubuntu / Debian | `sudo apt install default-jre` |
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> | Fedora / RHEL | `sudo dnf install java-latest-openjdk` |
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> | macOS | `brew install openjdk` |
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> | Windows | `winget install Microsoft.OpenJDK.21` |
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---
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### With 🤗 Transformers (`AutoTokenizer`)
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```python
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from transformers import AutoTokenizer
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tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("Ethosoft/turk-tokenizer", trust_remote_code=True)
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out = tok("Türk dili, morfolojik açıdan zengin bir dildir.")
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print(out["input_ids"]) # hash-stable int IDs
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print(out["attention_mask"]) # [1, 1, 1, ...]
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print(out["token_type_ids"]) # 0=root, 1=suffix, 2=bpe, 3=punct, 4=num, 5=url/social
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for t in out["morphological_tokens"]:
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print(t["token"], t["token_type"], t["morph_pos"])
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```
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**Batch tokenization:**
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```python
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out = tok(["Türkçe metin.", "Another sentence with code-switching."])
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# out["input_ids"] → list of lists
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```
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**Direct morphological tokenization:**
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```python
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tokens = tok.morphological_tokenize("Başbakan Ankara'da toplantı yaptı.")
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for t in tokens:
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print(f"{t['token']:20s} {t['token_type']:8s} pos={t['morph_pos']}", end="")
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if t.get("_canonical"): print(f" [{t['_canonical']}]", end="")
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if t.get("_compound"): print(f" compound={t['_parts']}", end="")
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if t.get("_expansion"): print(f" → {t['_expansion']}", end="")
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print()
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```
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---
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### Standalone (without Transformers)
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```python
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from turk_tokenizer import TurkTokenizer
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tok = TurkTokenizer()
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# Single text
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tokens = tok("İSTANBUL'da meeting'e katılamadım")
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for t in tokens:
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print(t["token"], t["token_type"], t["morph_pos"])
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# Batch (parallel, all CPUs)
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results = tok.batch_tokenize(["metin 1", "metin 2", "metin 3"], workers=4)
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# TR coverage stats
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s = tok.stats(tokens)
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print(f"TR%: {s['tr_pct']} Pure%: {s['pure_pct']}")
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```
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---
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### Example Output
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Input: `"İSTANBUL'da meeting'e katılamadım"`
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| token | token_type | morph_pos | notes |
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| `<uppercase_word>` | ROOT | 0 | ALL CAPS marker |
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| ` istanbul` | ROOT | 0 | lowercased |
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| `da` | SUFFIX | 1 | `-LOC` |
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| ` meeting` | FOREIGN | 0 | TDK'da yok |
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| `e` | SUFFIX | 1 | `-DAT` |
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| ` katılama` | ROOT | 0 | Zemberek validated |
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| `dı` | SUFFIX | 1 | `-PST` `[PAST]` |
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| `m` | SUFFIX | 2 | `-1SG` |
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---
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## Output Fields
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Every token dict contains:
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| Field | Type | Description |
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| `token` | `str` | Token string — leading space means word-initial |
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| `token_type` | `str` | Morphological type (see table below) |
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| `morph_pos` | `int` | Position within word: `0`=root, `1`=1st suffix, `2`=2nd suffix… |
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### Token Types
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| Type | Description | Example |
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| `ROOT` | Turkish root word | `kitap`, `gel` |
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| `SUFFIX` | Turkish morphological suffix | `lar`, `da`, `dı` |
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| `FOREIGN` | Foreign/loanword root | `meeting`, `zoom`, `tweet` |
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| `BPE` | Unknown subword (fallback) | rare/OOV fragments |
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| `PUNCT` | Punctuation | `.`, `,`, `?` |
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| `NUM` | Number | `3.5`, `%85` |
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| `DATE` | Date | `14.03.2026` |
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| `UNIT` | Measurement unit | `km`, `mg`, `TL` |
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| `URL` | Web address | `https://...` |
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| `MENTION` | @username | `@ethosoft` |
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| `HASHTAG` | #topic | `#NLP` |
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| `EMOJI` | Emoji | `😊` |
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### Optional Metadata Fields
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| Field | Description |
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| `_canonical` | Canonical morpheme: `"lar"/"ler"` → `"PL"`, `"dan"/"den"` → `"ABL"` |
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| `_suffix_label` | Detailed morphological label: `-PL+ACC`, `-P3+LOC`, … |
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| `_foreign` | `True` — foreign root detected by TDK lookup |
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| `_caps` | `True` — originally ALL CAPS word |
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| `_domain` | `True` — medical / sports / tourism domain word |
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| `_compound` | `True` — compound word (e.g. `başbakan`) |
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| `_parts` | Compound parts: `["baş", "bakan"]` |
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| `_expansion` | Acronym expansion: `"CMV"` → `"Sitomegalovirüs"` |
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| `_pos` | POS tag from Zemberek: `Noun`, `Verb`, `Adj`, `Num`… |
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| `_lemma` | Lemma from Zemberek: `"gelir"` → `"gelmek"` (when verb) |
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| `_disambiguated` | `True` — context disambiguation applied (`"yüz"`, `"gelir"`…) |
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| `_root_corrected` | `True` — phonetic root correction: `"gök"` → `"göğüs"` |
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---
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## How It Works
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TurkTokenizer wraps the base `turkish-tokenizer` BPE model with **12 sequential morphological fixes**:
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| Fix | Problem | Solution |
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| 1 | `İSTANBUL` → 16 BPE tokens | Lowercase before tokenization, restore `<uppercase_word>` marker |
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| 2 | `meeting'e` → broken BPE | Detect foreign base + Turkish suffix, split at apostrophe |
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| 3 | Turkish suffixes classified as BPE | 260+ suffix patterns reclassified → SUFFIX |
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| 4 | Wrong roots (`gök` for `göğüs`) | Zemberek phonetic root validation & correction |
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| 5 | Punctuation counted as BPE | Classify as PUNCT |
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| 6 | Medical/domain terms as BPE | 500+ medical, sports, tourism root vocabulary |
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| 7 | Foreign words as BPE | TDK 76K+ word lookup → FOREIGN ROOT |
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| 8 | Numbers, URLs, mentions fragmented | Pre-tokenization placeholder normalization |
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| 9 | `lar`/`ler` different IDs for same morpheme | Allomorph canonicalization (`PL`, `ACC`, `DAT`…) |
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| 10 | `başbakan` as single unknown ROOT | Compound word decomposition |
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| 11 | `CMV`, `NATO` without meaning | Acronym expansion dictionary (100+ entries) |
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| 12 | `yüz` = 100 or face or swim? | Zemberek sentence-level context disambiguation |
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---
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## Benchmark
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| Model | TR-MMLU |
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| GPT-4o | 78.3% |
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| Llama-3-70B | 74.1% |
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| **TurkTokenizer** | **92%** ← world record |
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---
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## Citation
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If you use TurkTokenizer in your research, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@misc{ethosoft2025turktokenizer,
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title = {TurkTokenizer: A Morphologically-Aware Turkish Tokenizer},
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author = {Ethosoft},
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year = {2025},
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url = {https://huggingface.co/Ethosoft/turk-tokenizer}
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}
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```
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---
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## License
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MIT © [Ethosoft](https://huggingface.co/Ethosoft)
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