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license: cc-by-nc-4.0
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---
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license: cc-by-nc-4.0
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language:
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- fr
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base_model:
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- google-bert/bert-base-multilingual-cased
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pipeline_tag: text-classification
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datasets:
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- GEODE/GeoEDdA-TopoRel
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---
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# bert-base-multilingual-cased-geography-entry-classification
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<!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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This model is designed to classify place named entities recognized from geographic encyclopedia articles.
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It is a fine-tuned version of the bert-base-multilingual-cased model.
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It has been trained on [GeoEDdA-TopoRel](https://huggingface.co/datasets/GEODE/GeoEDdA-TopoRel), a manually annotated subset of the French *Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences des arts et des métiers par une société de gens de lettres (1751-1772)* edited by Diderot and d'Alembert (provided by the [ARTFL Encyclopédie Project](https://artfl-project.uchicago.edu)).
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## Model Description
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<!-- Provide a longer summary of what this model is. -->
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- **Authors:** Bin Yang, [Ludovic Moncla](https://ludovicmoncla.github.io), [Fabien Duchateau](https://perso.liris.cnrs.fr/fabien.duchateau/) and [Frédérique Laforest](https://perso.liris.cnrs.fr/flaforest/) in the framework of the [ECoDA](https://liris.cnrs.fr/projet-institutionnel/fil-2025-projet-ecoda) and [GEODE](https://geode-project.github.io) projects
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- **Model type:** Text classification
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- **Repository:** [https://gitlab.liris.cnrs.fr/ecoda/encyclopedia2geokg](https://gitlab.liris.cnrs.fr/ecoda/encyclopedia2geokg)
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- **Language(s) (NLP):** French
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- **License:** cc-by-nc-4.0
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## Class labels
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The tagset is as follows:
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- **City**:
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- **Country**:
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- **Human-made**:
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- **Island**:
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- **Lake**:
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- **Mountain**:
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- **Other**:
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- **Region**:
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- **River**:
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- **Sea**:
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## Dataset
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The model was trained using the [GeoEDdA-TopoRel](https://huggingface.co/datasets/GEODE/GeoEDdA-TopoRel) dataset.
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The dataset is splitted into train, validation and test sets which have the following distribution of entries among classes:
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| | Train | Validation | Test|
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|---|:---:|:---:|:---:|
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| City | 2,657 | 276 | 277
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| Country | 1,544 | 239 | 169
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| Human-made | 104 | 7 | 7
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| Island | 554 | 81 | 109
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| Lake | 69 | 15 | 11
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| Mountain | 232 | 76 | 70
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| Other | 235 | 47 | 39
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| Region | 2,706 | 424 | 440
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| River | 128 | 944 | 125
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| Sea | 196 | 37 | 57
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## Evaluation
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* Overall weighted-average model performances
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| | Precision | Recall | F-score |
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|---|:---:|:---:|:---:|
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| | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.84 |
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* Model performances (Test set)
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| | Precision | Recall | F-score | Support |
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|---|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---:|
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| City | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.85 | 277
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| Country | 0.80 | 0.91 | 0.85 | 169
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| Human-made | 0.50 | 0.71 | 0.59 | 7
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| Island | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 109
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| Lake | 1.00 | 0.64 | 0.78 | 11
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| Mountain | 0.81 | 0.73 | 0.77 | 70
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| Other | 0.68 | 0.49 | 0.57 | 39
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| Region | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.87 | 440
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| River | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 125
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| Sea | 0.96 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 57
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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Use the code below to get started with the model.
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```python
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import torch
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from transformers import pipeline, AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForSequenceClassification
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device = torch.device("mps" if torch.backends.mps.is_available() else ("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"))
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ner = pipeline("token-classification", model="GEODE/camembert-base-edda-span-classification", aggregation_strategy="simple", device=device)
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placename_classifier = pipeline("text-classification", model="GEODE/bert-base-multilingual-cased-classification-ner", truncation=True, device=device)
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def get_context(text, span, ngram_context_size=5):
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word = span["word"]
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start = span["start"]
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end = span["end"]
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label = span["entity_group"]
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# Extract context
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previous_text = text[:start].strip()
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next_text = text[end:].strip()
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previous_words = previous_text.split()[-ngram_context_size:]
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next_words = next_text.split()[:ngram_context_size]
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# Build context string
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context = f"[{word}]: {' '.join(previous_words)} {word} {' '.join(next_words)}"
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return word, context, label
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content = "WINCHESTER, (Géog. mod.) ou plutôt Wintchester, ville d'Angleterre, capitale du Hampshire, sur le bord de l'Itching, à dix-huit milles au sud-est de Salisbury, & à soixante sud-ouest de Londres. Long. 16. 20. latit. 51. 3."
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spans = ner(content)
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for span in spans:
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if span['entity_group'] == 'NP_Spatial':
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word, context, label = get_context(content, span, ngram_context_size=5)
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print(f"Place name: {word}")
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label = placename_classifier(context)
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print(f"Predicted label: {label}")
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# Output
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Place name: Wintchester
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Predicted label: [{'label': 'City', 'score': 0.9968810081481934}]
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Place name: Angleterre
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Predicted label: [{'label': 'Country', 'score': 0.9953059554100037}]
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Place name: Hampshire
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Predicted label: [{'label': 'Region', 'score': 0.9967537522315979}]
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Place name: l'Itching
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Predicted label: [{'label': 'River', 'score': 0.9929990768432617}]
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Place name: Salisbury
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Predicted label: [{'label': 'City', 'score': 0.9969013929367065}]
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Place name: Londres
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Predicted label: [{'label': 'City', 'score': 0.9969471096992493}]
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```
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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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This model was trained entirely on French encyclopaedic entries classified as Geography and will likely not perform well on text in other languages or other corpora.
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## Acknowledgement
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The authors are grateful to the [ASLAN project](https://aslan.universite-lyon.fr) (ANR-10-LABX-0081) of the Université de Lyon, for its financial support within the French program "Investments for the Future" operated by the National Research Agency (ANR).
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Data courtesy the [ARTFL Encyclopédie Project](https://artfl-project.uchicago.edu), University of Chicago.
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