--- tags: - sentence-transformers - sentence-similarity - feature-extraction - dense - generated_from_trainer - dataset_size:11600 - loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss base_model: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2 widget: - source_sentence: Show me contest time sentences: - How did Shelton and he compare in momentum during set 2? - What is the key factors for Djokovic? - What is the how many winners for Djokovic? - source_sentence: What about Djokovic's result? sentences: - what venue - What's Anisimova’s total return unforced errors? - In what year did he go pro? - source_sentence: prediction for the player? sentences: - unforced for Djokovic? - Show me where is he from - form shift? - source_sentence: long for Sinner? sentences: - titles for Sinner? - result for Djokovic? - long for Djokovic? - source_sentence: What is the can he win for Djokovic? sentences: - What is the set time for the player? - Show me match score - form shift? pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity library_name: sentence-transformers --- # SentenceTransformer based on sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2 This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model finetuned from [sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2](https://huggingface.co/sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2). It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 384-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more. ## Model Details ### Model Description - **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer - **Base model:** [sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2](https://huggingface.co/sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2) - **Maximum Sequence Length:** 256 tokens - **Output Dimensionality:** 384 dimensions - **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity ### Model Sources - **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net) - **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers) - **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers) ### Full Model Architecture ``` SentenceTransformer( (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 256, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'BertModel'}) (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 384, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True}) (2): Normalize() ) ``` ## Usage ### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers) First install the Sentence Transformers library: ```bash pip install -U sentence-transformers ``` Then you can load this model and run inference. ```python from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer # Download from the 🤗 Hub model = SentenceTransformer("GozdeA/tennis-multi-return-catboost-v2") # Run inference sentences = [ 'What is the can he win for Djokovic?', 'form shift?', 'What is the set time for the player?', ] embeddings = model.encode(sentences) print(embeddings.shape) # [3, 384] # Get the similarity scores for the embeddings similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings) print(similarities) # tensor([[1.0000, 0.6634, 0.0789], # [0.6634, 1.0000, 0.1159], # [0.0789, 0.1159, 1.0000]]) ``` ## Training Details ### Training Dataset #### Unnamed Dataset * Size: 11,600 training samples * Columns: anchor, positive, and negative * Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples: | | anchor | positive | negative | |:--------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | type | string | string | string | | details | | | | * Samples: | anchor | positive | negative | |:--------------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------------------| | What is the overall return for Djokovic? | overall for Djokovic? | What is the return winners for Djokovic? | | What is the return winner count for Alcaraz and Fritz? | how many winners? | What is the how good is his return for Sinner? | | backhand for he? | What is the backhand quality for he? | What is the backhand today for he? | * Loss: [MultipleNegativesRankingLoss](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#multiplenegativesrankingloss) with these parameters: ```json { "scale": 20.0, "similarity_fct": "cos_sim" } ``` ### Evaluation Dataset #### Unnamed Dataset * Size: 2,900 evaluation samples * Columns: anchor, positive, and negative * Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples: | | anchor | positive | negative | |:--------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | type | string | string | string | | details | | | | * Samples: | anchor | positive | negative | |:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------| | How does Shelton's game match up against Lorenzo Sonego's strengths? | key factors? | What is the date of birth for Djokovic? | | What is the what are the key for Sinner? | What's the what are the key for Sinner? | What are the what is a for Sinner? | | professional career stats? | professional career titles? | How does Shelton's forehand compare to their career average? | * Loss: [MultipleNegativesRankingLoss](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#multiplenegativesrankingloss) with these parameters: ```json { "scale": 20.0, "similarity_fct": "cos_sim" } ``` ### Training Hyperparameters #### Non-Default Hyperparameters - `per_device_train_batch_size`: 16 - `learning_rate`: 2e-05 - `num_train_epochs`: 15 - `warmup_ratio`: 0.1 - `fp16`: True #### All Hyperparameters
Click to expand - `overwrite_output_dir`: False - `do_predict`: False - `eval_strategy`: no - `prediction_loss_only`: True - `per_device_train_batch_size`: 16 - `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 8 - `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None - `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None - `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1 - `eval_accumulation_steps`: None - `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None - `learning_rate`: 2e-05 - `weight_decay`: 0.0 - `adam_beta1`: 0.9 - `adam_beta2`: 0.999 - `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08 - `max_grad_norm`: 1.0 - `num_train_epochs`: 15 - `max_steps`: -1 - `lr_scheduler_type`: linear - `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: None - `warmup_ratio`: 0.1 - `warmup_steps`: 0 - `log_level`: passive - `log_level_replica`: warning - `log_on_each_node`: True - `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True - `save_safetensors`: True - `save_on_each_node`: False - `save_only_model`: False - `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False - `no_cuda`: False - `use_cpu`: False - `use_mps_device`: False - `seed`: 42 - `data_seed`: None - `jit_mode_eval`: False - `bf16`: False - `fp16`: True - `fp16_opt_level`: O1 - `half_precision_backend`: auto - `bf16_full_eval`: False - `fp16_full_eval`: False - `tf32`: None - `local_rank`: 0 - `ddp_backend`: None - `tpu_num_cores`: None - `tpu_metrics_debug`: False - `debug`: [] - `dataloader_drop_last`: False - `dataloader_num_workers`: 0 - `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None - `past_index`: -1 - `disable_tqdm`: False - `remove_unused_columns`: True - `label_names`: None - `load_best_model_at_end`: False - `ignore_data_skip`: False - `fsdp`: [] - `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0 - `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False} - `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None - `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None} - `parallelism_config`: None - `deepspeed`: None - `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0 - `optim`: adamw_torch_fused - `optim_args`: None - `adafactor`: False - `group_by_length`: False - `length_column_name`: length - `project`: huggingface - `trackio_space_id`: trackio - `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None - `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None - `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False - `dataloader_pin_memory`: True - `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False - `skip_memory_metrics`: True - `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False - `push_to_hub`: False - `resume_from_checkpoint`: None - `hub_model_id`: None - `hub_strategy`: every_save - `hub_private_repo`: None - `hub_always_push`: False - `hub_revision`: None - `gradient_checkpointing`: False - `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None - `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False - `include_for_metrics`: [] - `eval_do_concat_batches`: True - `fp16_backend`: auto - `push_to_hub_model_id`: None - `push_to_hub_organization`: None - `mp_parameters`: - `auto_find_batch_size`: False - `full_determinism`: False - `torchdynamo`: None - `ray_scope`: last - `ddp_timeout`: 1800 - `torch_compile`: False - `torch_compile_backend`: None - `torch_compile_mode`: None - `include_tokens_per_second`: False - `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: no - `neftune_noise_alpha`: None - `optim_target_modules`: None - `batch_eval_metrics`: False - `eval_on_start`: False - `use_liger_kernel`: False - `liger_kernel_config`: None - `eval_use_gather_object`: False - `average_tokens_across_devices`: True - `prompts`: None - `batch_sampler`: batch_sampler - `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: proportional - `router_mapping`: {} - `learning_rate_mapping`: {}
### Training Logs
Click to expand | Epoch | Step | Training Loss | |:-------:|:-----:|:-------------:| | 0.0690 | 50 | 4.8633 | | 0.1379 | 100 | 4.2929 | | 0.2069 | 150 | 3.2473 | | 0.2759 | 200 | 2.4133 | | 0.3448 | 250 | 2.0601 | | 0.4138 | 300 | 1.7225 | | 0.4828 | 350 | 1.631 | | 0.5517 | 400 | 1.5036 | | 0.6207 | 450 | 1.3556 | | 0.6897 | 500 | 1.2699 | | 0.7586 | 550 | 1.3131 | | 0.8276 | 600 | 1.1743 | | 0.8966 | 650 | 1.0491 | | 0.9655 | 700 | 1.2265 | | 1.0345 | 750 | 1.0786 | | 1.1034 | 800 | 1.0451 | | 1.1724 | 850 | 1.0379 | | 1.2414 | 900 | 0.9378 | | 1.3103 | 950 | 0.8659 | | 1.3793 | 1000 | 0.8908 | | 1.4483 | 1050 | 0.8333 | | 1.5172 | 1100 | 0.7814 | | 1.5862 | 1150 | 0.7764 | | 1.6552 | 1200 | 0.8071 | | 1.7241 | 1250 | 0.7394 | | 1.7931 | 1300 | 0.7137 | | 1.8621 | 1350 | 0.7669 | | 1.9310 | 1400 | 0.6652 | | 2.0 | 1450 | 0.7612 | | 2.0690 | 1500 | 0.6847 | | 2.1379 | 1550 | 0.6511 | | 2.2069 | 1600 | 0.7297 | | 2.2759 | 1650 | 0.6836 | | 2.3448 | 1700 | 0.6733 | | 2.4138 | 1750 | 0.6125 | | 2.4828 | 1800 | 0.664 | | 2.5517 | 1850 | 0.6212 | | 2.6207 | 1900 | 0.6613 | | 2.6897 | 1950 | 0.645 | | 2.7586 | 2000 | 0.6311 | | 2.8276 | 2050 | 0.6823 | | 2.8966 | 2100 | 0.6608 | | 2.9655 | 2150 | 0.6408 | | 3.0345 | 2200 | 0.6364 | | 3.1034 | 2250 | 0.5752 | | 3.1724 | 2300 | 0.6431 | | 3.2414 | 2350 | 0.585 | | 3.3103 | 2400 | 0.6852 | | 3.3793 | 2450 | 0.6743 | | 3.4483 | 2500 | 0.5907 | | 3.5172 | 2550 | 0.5632 | | 3.5862 | 2600 | 0.5853 | | 3.6552 | 2650 | 0.5906 | | 3.7241 | 2700 | 0.6471 | | 3.7931 | 2750 | 0.5809 | | 3.8621 | 2800 | 0.5832 | | 3.9310 | 2850 | 0.6011 | | 4.0 | 2900 | 0.5926 | | 4.0690 | 2950 | 0.5962 | | 4.1379 | 3000 | 0.6648 | | 4.2069 | 3050 | 0.5759 | | 4.2759 | 3100 | 0.5162 | | 4.3448 | 3150 | 0.5945 | | 4.4138 | 3200 | 0.5859 | | 4.4828 | 3250 | 0.6066 | | 4.5517 | 3300 | 0.5536 | | 4.6207 | 3350 | 0.5112 | | 4.6897 | 3400 | 0.5094 | | 4.7586 | 3450 | 0.5056 | | 4.8276 | 3500 | 0.573 | | 4.8966 | 3550 | 0.5425 | | 4.9655 | 3600 | 0.5641 | | 5.0345 | 3650 | 0.5409 | | 5.1034 | 3700 | 0.58 | | 5.1724 | 3750 | 0.5669 | | 5.2414 | 3800 | 0.6087 | | 5.3103 | 3850 | 0.557 | | 5.3793 | 3900 | 0.5191 | | 5.4483 | 3950 | 0.5321 | | 5.5172 | 4000 | 0.5965 | | 5.5862 | 4050 | 0.5612 | | 5.6552 | 4100 | 0.6181 | | 5.7241 | 4150 | 0.5144 | | 5.7931 | 4200 | 0.5187 | | 5.8621 | 4250 | 0.5362 | | 5.9310 | 4300 | 0.5215 | | 6.0 | 4350 | 0.5578 | | 6.0690 | 4400 | 0.5291 | | 6.1379 | 4450 | 0.512 | | 6.2069 | 4500 | 0.5702 | | 6.2759 | 4550 | 0.5935 | | 6.3448 | 4600 | 0.5376 | | 6.4138 | 4650 | 0.5012 | | 6.4828 | 4700 | 0.6246 | | 6.5517 | 4750 | 0.5038 | | 6.6207 | 4800 | 0.5739 | | 6.6897 | 4850 | 0.5765 | | 6.7586 | 4900 | 0.58 | | 6.8276 | 4950 | 0.5462 | | 6.8966 | 5000 | 0.5087 | | 6.9655 | 5050 | 0.5357 | | 7.0345 | 5100 | 0.5352 | | 7.1034 | 5150 | 0.5002 | | 7.1724 | 5200 | 0.5196 | | 7.2414 | 5250 | 0.5668 | | 7.3103 | 5300 | 0.5104 | | 7.3793 | 5350 | 0.5029 | | 7.4483 | 5400 | 0.481 | | 7.5172 | 5450 | 0.5567 | | 7.5862 | 5500 | 0.5425 | | 7.6552 | 5550 | 0.4884 | | 7.7241 | 5600 | 0.4854 | | 7.7931 | 5650 | 0.5459 | | 7.8621 | 5700 | 0.5201 | | 7.9310 | 5750 | 0.5288 | | 8.0 | 5800 | 0.5055 | | 8.0690 | 5850 | 0.4656 | | 8.1379 | 5900 | 0.5538 | | 8.2069 | 5950 | 0.5513 | | 8.2759 | 6000 | 0.5078 | | 8.3448 | 6050 | 0.508 | | 8.4138 | 6100 | 0.5403 | | 8.4828 | 6150 | 0.4711 | | 8.5517 | 6200 | 0.5024 | | 8.6207 | 6250 | 0.4886 | | 8.6897 | 6300 | 0.5446 | | 8.7586 | 6350 | 0.4953 | | 8.8276 | 6400 | 0.5395 | | 8.8966 | 6450 | 0.571 | | 8.9655 | 6500 | 0.567 | | 9.0345 | 6550 | 0.5684 | | 9.1034 | 6600 | 0.543 | | 9.1724 | 6650 | 0.5449 | | 9.2414 | 6700 | 0.4713 | | 9.3103 | 6750 | 0.5046 | | 9.3793 | 6800 | 0.5785 | | 9.4483 | 6850 | 0.4744 | | 9.5172 | 6900 | 0.5364 | | 9.5862 | 6950 | 0.5523 | | 9.6552 | 7000 | 0.5245 | | 9.7241 | 7050 | 0.5005 | | 9.7931 | 7100 | 0.5355 | | 9.8621 | 7150 | 0.5248 | | 9.9310 | 7200 | 0.4924 | | 10.0 | 7250 | 0.4885 | | 10.0690 | 7300 | 0.4708 | | 10.1379 | 7350 | 0.5075 | | 10.2069 | 7400 | 0.4943 | | 10.2759 | 7450 | 0.4926 | | 10.3448 | 7500 | 0.4757 | | 10.4138 | 7550 | 0.5305 | | 10.4828 | 7600 | 0.4626 | | 10.5517 | 7650 | 0.5161 | | 10.6207 | 7700 | 0.48 | | 10.6897 | 7750 | 0.466 | | 10.7586 | 7800 | 0.5556 | | 10.8276 | 7850 | 0.51 | | 10.8966 | 7900 | 0.5185 | | 10.9655 | 7950 | 0.5485 | | 11.0345 | 8000 | 0.4591 | | 11.1034 | 8050 | 0.523 | | 11.1724 | 8100 | 0.5295 | | 11.2414 | 8150 | 0.4482 | | 11.3103 | 8200 | 0.5275 | | 11.3793 | 8250 | 0.4849 | | 11.4483 | 8300 | 0.5374 | | 11.5172 | 8350 | 0.4621 | | 11.5862 | 8400 | 0.4374 | | 11.6552 | 8450 | 0.4855 | | 11.7241 | 8500 | 0.5147 | | 11.7931 | 8550 | 0.564 | | 11.8621 | 8600 | 0.4763 | | 11.9310 | 8650 | 0.4456 | | 12.0 | 8700 | 0.4906 | | 12.0690 | 8750 | 0.4912 | | 12.1379 | 8800 | 0.4556 | | 12.2069 | 8850 | 0.4936 | | 12.2759 | 8900 | 0.4864 | | 12.3448 | 8950 | 0.5262 | | 12.4138 | 9000 | 0.458 | | 12.4828 | 9050 | 0.5631 | | 12.5517 | 9100 | 0.5144 | | 12.6207 | 9150 | 0.4966 | | 12.6897 | 9200 | 0.5589 | | 12.7586 | 9250 | 0.4718 | | 12.8276 | 9300 | 0.5124 | | 12.8966 | 9350 | 0.5362 | | 12.9655 | 9400 | 0.482 | | 13.0345 | 9450 | 0.4821 | | 13.1034 | 9500 | 0.4984 | | 13.1724 | 9550 | 0.4646 | | 13.2414 | 9600 | 0.4825 | | 13.3103 | 9650 | 0.4957 | | 13.3793 | 9700 | 0.4739 | | 13.4483 | 9750 | 0.523 | | 13.5172 | 9800 | 0.4892 | | 13.5862 | 9850 | 0.4803 | | 13.6552 | 9900 | 0.502 | | 13.7241 | 9950 | 0.4828 | | 13.7931 | 10000 | 0.5034 | | 13.8621 | 10050 | 0.5151 | | 13.9310 | 10100 | 0.5292 | | 14.0 | 10150 | 0.5227 | | 14.0690 | 10200 | 0.4853 | | 14.1379 | 10250 | 0.4528 | | 14.2069 | 10300 | 0.4591 | | 14.2759 | 10350 | 0.4482 | | 14.3448 | 10400 | 0.4412 | | 14.4138 | 10450 | 0.4854 | | 14.4828 | 10500 | 0.4734 | | 14.5517 | 10550 | 0.4749 | | 14.6207 | 10600 | 0.5448 | | 14.6897 | 10650 | 0.5117 | | 14.7586 | 10700 | 0.4776 | | 14.8276 | 10750 | 0.4638 | | 14.8966 | 10800 | 0.5636 | | 14.9655 | 10850 | 0.547 |
### Framework Versions - Python: 3.12.12 - Sentence Transformers: 5.0.0 - Transformers: 4.57.6 - PyTorch: 2.10.0+cu128 - Accelerate: 1.13.0 - Datasets: 4.0.0 - Tokenizers: 0.22.2 ## Citation ### BibTeX #### Sentence Transformers ```bibtex @inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert, title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks", author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing", month = "11", year = "2019", publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics", url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084", } ``` #### MultipleNegativesRankingLoss ```bibtex @misc{henderson2017efficient, title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply}, author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil}, year={2017}, eprint={1705.00652}, archivePrefix={arXiv}, primaryClass={cs.CL} } ```