README.md

---
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- sentence-similarity
- feature-extraction
- dense
- generated_from_trainer
- dataset_size:269012
- loss:CoSENTLoss
base_model: intfloat/e5-large-v2
widget:
- source_sentence: smart cutting machine for crafts
  sentences:
  - HyperX Cloud Alpha Wireless Gaming Headset
  - Rubbermaid Brilliance 20-Piece Food Storage Set
  - Men's Wick Short Sleeve Crew - Light Merino Wool Camo Hunting Shirt, UV Protection
    Moisture Management Base Layer
- source_sentence: high capacity portable hard drive
  sentences:
  - Mr. Heater Big Buddy Portable Propane Heater
  - Samsung Galaxy Watch 5 Pro
  - Sun Bum Original SPF 45 Sunscreen Mist - Broad Spectrum Moisturizing Facial Sunscreen
    Spray with Vitamin E - Hawaii 104 Act Compliant (Made without Octinoxate & Oxybenzone)
    - Travel Friendly - 3.4 oz
- source_sentence: fluid acrylics for pouring art
  sentences:
  - Linen Suit for Men 2 Pieces Slim Fit Casual Suits Groomsmen Tuxedos Wedding Party
    Blazer Pants Set Beige
  - Mejuri Small Hoop Earrings in Gold
  - Singer Start 1304 Sewing Machine
- source_sentence: premium wireless gaming headset
  sentences:
  - Vornado MVH Whole Room Heater
  - Westinghouse 11000 Peak Watt Tri-Fuel Portable Inverter Generator, Remote Start,
    Transfer Switch Ready, Gas/Propane/Natural Gas Powered, Low THD, Safe for Electronics,
    Parallel Capable, CO Sensor
  - Rattaner Patio Wicker Furniture Set 6 Pieces Outdoor HDPE Wicker Conversation
    Couch Sectional Chair Sofa Set with Grey Cushions
- source_sentence: travel system with stroller and car seat
  sentences:
  - Chemex Classic Series Pour-Over Glass Coffeemaker
  - David Yurman Cable Classic Bracelet
  - Legion Stonehenge Paper Pad
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers
---

# SentenceTransformer based on intfloat/e5-large-v2

This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model finetuned from [intfloat/e5-large-v2](https://huggingface.co/intfloat/e5-large-v2). It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

## Model Details

### Model Description
- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
- **Base model:** [intfloat/e5-large-v2](https://huggingface.co/intfloat/e5-large-v2) <!-- at revision f169b11e22de13617baa190a028a32f3493550b6 -->
- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
- **Output Dimensionality:** 1024 dimensions
- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **Language:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->

### Model Sources

- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers)
- **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers)

### Full Model Architecture

```
SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'BertModel'})
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Normalize()
)
```

## Usage

### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

```bash
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```

Then you can load this model and run inference.
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    'travel system with stroller and car seat',
    'Chemex Classic Series Pour-Over Glass Coffeemaker',
    'Legion Stonehenge Paper Pad',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[1.0000, 0.5295, 0.5210],
#         [0.5295, 1.0000, 0.5429],
#         [0.5210, 0.5429, 1.0000]])
```

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## Training Details

### Training Dataset

#### Unnamed Dataset

* Size: 269,012 training samples
* Columns: <code>sentence_0</code>, <code>sentence_1</code>, and <code>label</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
  |         | sentence_0                                                                       | sentence_1                                                                        | label                                                            |
  |:--------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------|
  | type    | string                                                                           | string                                                                            | float                                                            |
  | details | <ul><li>min: 5 tokens</li><li>mean: 9.64 tokens</li><li>max: 21 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 6 tokens</li><li>mean: 20.82 tokens</li><li>max: 99 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: -1.0</li><li>mean: 0.04</li><li>max: 0.99</li></ul> |
* Samples:
  | sentence_0                                                     | sentence_1                                                                                                                                                                      | label                            |
  |:---------------------------------------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------|
  | <code>razor set with handle and blades</code>                  | <code>Hahnemühle Watercolor Journal</code>                                                                                                                                      | <code>-0.8008412511835391</code> |
  | <code>mini perfume atomizer for refillable travel scent</code> | <code>LISAPACK Perfume Travel Refillable Bottle - Atomizer Cologne Spray for Men Portable - Mini Sprayer Empty for Refill - Small Size 8ML Striped (Grey, Black, Silver)</code> | <code>0.85625</code>             |
  | <code>pour-over glass coffeemaker</code>                       | <code>Shark Navigator Lift-Away Professional NV356E Vacuum</code>                                                                                                               | <code>0.131319533933279</code>   |
* Loss: [<code>CoSENTLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#cosentloss) with these parameters:
  ```json
  {
      "scale": 20.0,
      "similarity_fct": "pairwise_cos_sim"
  }
  ```

### Training Hyperparameters
#### Non-Default Hyperparameters

- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 32
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 32
- `num_train_epochs`: 1
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: round_robin

#### All Hyperparameters
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

- `overwrite_output_dir`: False
- `do_predict`: False
- `eval_strategy`: no
- `prediction_loss_only`: True
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 32
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 32
- `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None
- `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1
- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
- `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None
- `learning_rate`: 5e-05
- `weight_decay`: 0.0
- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
- `max_grad_norm`: 1
- `num_train_epochs`: 1
- `max_steps`: -1
- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear
- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: {}
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.0
- `warmup_steps`: 0
- `log_level`: passive
- `log_level_replica`: warning
- `log_on_each_node`: True
- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
- `save_safetensors`: True
- `save_on_each_node`: False
- `save_only_model`: False
- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
- `no_cuda`: False
- `use_cpu`: False
- `use_mps_device`: False
- `seed`: 42
- `data_seed`: None
- `jit_mode_eval`: False
- `use_ipex`: False
- `bf16`: False
- `fp16`: False
- `fp16_opt_level`: O1
- `half_precision_backend`: auto
- `bf16_full_eval`: False
- `fp16_full_eval`: False
- `tf32`: None
- `local_rank`: 0
- `ddp_backend`: None
- `tpu_num_cores`: None
- `tpu_metrics_debug`: False
- `debug`: []
- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
- `past_index`: -1
- `disable_tqdm`: False
- `remove_unused_columns`: True
- `label_names`: None
- `load_best_model_at_end`: False
- `ignore_data_skip`: False
- `fsdp`: []
- `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
- `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None
- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
- `parallelism_config`: None
- `deepspeed`: None
- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
- `optim_args`: None
- `adafactor`: False
- `group_by_length`: False
- `length_column_name`: length
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
- `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False
- `push_to_hub`: False
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
- `hub_model_id`: None
- `hub_strategy`: every_save
- `hub_private_repo`: None
- `hub_always_push`: False
- `hub_revision`: None
- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
- `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False
- `include_for_metrics`: []
- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
- `fp16_backend`: auto
- `push_to_hub_model_id`: None
- `push_to_hub_organization`: None
- `mp_parameters`: 
- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
- `full_determinism`: False
- `torchdynamo`: None
- `ray_scope`: last
- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
- `torch_compile`: False
- `torch_compile_backend`: None
- `torch_compile_mode`: None
- `include_tokens_per_second`: False
- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: False
- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
- `optim_target_modules`: None
- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
- `eval_on_start`: False
- `use_liger_kernel`: False
- `liger_kernel_config`: None
- `eval_use_gather_object`: False
- `average_tokens_across_devices`: False
- `prompts`: None
- `batch_sampler`: batch_sampler
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: round_robin
- `router_mapping`: {}
- `learning_rate_mapping`: {}

</details>

### Training Logs
| Epoch  | Step | Training Loss |
|:------:|:----:|:-------------:|
| 0.0595 | 500  | 5.606         |
| 0.1189 | 1000 | 5.5059        |
| 0.1784 | 1500 | 5.4614        |
| 0.2379 | 2000 | 5.4299        |
| 0.2974 | 2500 | 5.415         |
| 0.3568 | 3000 | 5.4104        |
| 0.4163 | 3500 | 5.3718        |
| 0.4758 | 4000 | 5.3755        |
| 0.5353 | 4500 | 5.3545        |
| 0.5947 | 5000 | 5.3498        |
| 0.6542 | 5500 | 5.3392        |
| 0.7137 | 6000 | 5.3521        |
| 0.7732 | 6500 | 5.3248        |
| 0.8326 | 7000 | 5.3044        |
| 0.8921 | 7500 | 5.2916        |
| 0.9516 | 8000 | 5.2891        |


### Framework Versions
- Python: 3.12.11
- Sentence Transformers: 5.1.0
- Transformers: 4.56.0
- PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu126
- Accelerate: 1.10.1
- Datasets: 4.0.0
- Tokenizers: 0.22.0

## Citation

### BibTeX

#### Sentence Transformers
```bibtex
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
```

#### CoSENTLoss
```bibtex
@online{kexuefm-8847,
    title={CoSENT: A more efficient sentence vector scheme than Sentence-BERT},
    author={Su Jianlin},
    year={2022},
    month={Jan},
    url={https://kexue.fm/archives/8847},
}
```

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