---
language:
  - en
  - de
  - fr
  - es
  - pt
  - it
  - nl
  - pl
  - ro
  - cs
  - sv
  - da
  - "no"
  - fi
  - hu
  - hr
  - bg
  - tr
  - ca
  - ru
  - uk
  - sr
  - zh
  - ja
  - ko
  - ar
  - fa
  - he
  - hi
  - bn
  - th
  - vi
  - ka
  - hy
  - el
  - yi
  - ur
  - ta
  - te
  - gu
  - pa
  - ml
  - kn
  - am
  - si
  - my
  - km
  - mr
  - ne
  - or
  - bo
  - dv
  - eu
  - gl
  - gd
  - et
  - sk
  - lt
  - sl
  - lv
  - af
  - sq
  - sw
  - is
  - tl
  - cy
  - ga
  - br
  - la
  - mk
  - id
license: apache-2.0
library_name: tokenizers
tags:
  - tokenizer
  - bpe
  - multilingual
  - quartz
  - aenea
  - flores
pipeline_tag: text-generation
---

# QT_V.2 96K — Best All-Round Multilingual Tokenizer

**Fewest total tokens on FLORES-200 of any tokenizer tested.** 96,000 vocabulary covering 71 languages and 26 script families. The most equitable tokenizer in the field — 4× fairer than Llama 3, 4× fairer than Tekken — while using 25–37% less vocabulary than all competitors.

Part of the **QT_V.2 tokenizer family** by [Quartz Data Infrastructure](https://quartz.host), the open data layer behind [AENEA](https://aenea.app).

## FLORES-200 Results (204 Languages · 1,012 Parallel Sentences)

| Metric | QT 96K | QT Code 114K | QT 64K | Llama 3 (128K) | Tekken (131K) | Qwen 2.5 (152K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| **Total tokens** | **12,961,617** ✓ | 13,007,924 | 13,592,357 | 16,764,198 | 14,421,539 | 15,425,680 |
| **Equity ratio** | **31.6×** ✓ | 43.3× | 41.0× | 118.6× | 127.9× | 77.7× |
| Mean fertility | **3.94** ✓ | 4.03 | 4.18 | 5.72 | 5.34 | 4.91 |
| Worst language | lao (43.0) | lao (58.0) | lao (58.0) | bod (149.8) | bod (168.4) | bod (98.0) |

**QT 96K wins on total tokens, equity, and mean fertility.** The 31.6× equity ratio means the worst-served language costs 31.6× more tokens than the best-served — compared to 118.6× for Llama 3 and 127.9× for Tekken. Llama 3's worst language (Tibetan at 149.8 tok/word) is **3.6× more expensive** than QT 96K's Tibetan (41.1 tok/word).

### Script Family Averages (FLORES-200 tok/word)

| Script Family | QT 96K | Llama 3 | Tekken | Qwen 2.5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latin (37 langs) | **2.20** | 2.39 | 2.20 | 2.41 |
| Cyrillic (5) | **2.23** | 2.59 | 2.27 | 2.99 |
| CJK (4) | 17.17 | 19.75 | 21.36 | **17.26** |
| Indic Other (9) | **4.21** | 12.42 | 6.77 | 10.37 |
| SE Asian (4) | **20.70** | 31.08 | 38.22 | 24.04 |
| Unique Scripts (6) | **9.35** | 32.96 | 32.05 | 21.39 |

QT 96K is **3× more efficient** than Llama 3 on Indic languages, and **3.4× more efficient** on unique scripts (Georgian, Armenian, Tibetan, Amharic, Hebrew, Greek).

## Field Benchmark (66 Tests)

| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| **Total tokens** | **3,339** |
| vs Llama 3 (128K) | 40.8% fewer tokens |
| vs Tekken (131K) | 23.2% fewer tokens |
| vs Qwen 2.5 (152K) | 35.6% fewer tokens |

Wins 6 of 9 benchmark categories: V1 Expansion, V2 New Scripts, V2 Gap-closers, V2 Latin Wikis, Celtic/Brythonic, and Natural Languages (within 1% of Tekken).

## When to Use This Variant

**QT_V.2 96K** is the recommended general-purpose tokenizer. Best balance between vocab efficiency and token compression across all language families. Recommended for production multilingual models serving diverse user populations.

Also available: [QT_V.2 64K](https://huggingface.co/QuartzOpen/QT_V.2_64K) (smallest embedding) · [QT_V.2 Code 114K](https://huggingface.co/QuartzOpen/QT_V.2_Code_114K) (multilingual coding)

## Usage

```python
from tokenizers import Tokenizer
tok = Tokenizer.from_file("tokenizer.json")
encoded = tok.encode("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog")
print(encoded.tokens)
```

## Specifications

| Spec | Value |
|---|---|
| Vocabulary | 96,000 |
| Languages | 71 natural + 14 code |
| Script families | 26 |
| Pretokenizer | Llama 3 regex |
| Arithmetic | Single-digit splitting |
| Max token length | 15 chars |
| Avg token length | 6.1 chars |
| Compression | 3.17 chars/token |

## Training

Byte-level BPE with Llama 3 regex pretokenizer. Corpus: 57.1% Wikipedia (71 languages via wiki_ultra_clean v7.3), 21.0% code (14 languages, boosted +25%), 21.9% Stack Exchange (49 sites). Top-10 European languages boosted +10%, Hindi/Bengali +15%.

## Files

`tokenizer.json` · `vocab.json` · `merges.txt` · `training_report.json`

## Contact

Open-source: quartzopensource@gmail.com
Commercial licensing & enterprise: commercial@aeneaglobal.com

## License

Apache 2.0 — Copyright 2025-2026 AENEA Global Ltd

```bibtex
@misc{qt_v2_2026,
  title={QT_V.2: A Multilingual BPE Tokenizer Family},
  author={AENEA Global Ltd},
  year={2026},
  url={https://quartz.host},
}
```