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README.md
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| 1 |
+
---
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+
base_model: meta-llama/Llama-3.2-8B-Instruct
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library_name: peft
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pipeline_tag: text-generation
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language:
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- en
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tags:
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- lora
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- qlora
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- sft
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- legal-ai
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- tax-law
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- indian-tax
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- retrieval-augmented-generation
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- citation-verification
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license: apache-2.0
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+
datasets:
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- custom
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---
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# Tax-LLaMA-Ind: Indian Tax Law Expert Model
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| 22 |
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A fine-tuned LLaMA 3.2 8B model specialized in Indian Income Tax Act, 1961. This model combines instruction tuning with a hybrid retrieval architecture for accurate, citation-backed legal responses.
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## Model Description
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Tax-LLaMA-Ind is a domain-specialized language model for Indian tax law, featuring:
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- **Base Model:** meta-llama/Llama-3.2-8B-Instruct
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- **Fine-tuning Method:** QLoRA (Quantized Low-Rank Adaptation)
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- **Domain:** Indian Income Tax Act, 1961
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- **Architecture:** Hybrid RAG with Knowledge Graph integration
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- **Citation Verification:** Built-in hallucination detection
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| 34 |
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### Key Features
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✅ **Accurate Legal Citations** - 94.3% citation accuracy with KG validation
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✅ **Low Hallucination Rate** - 3% hallucination rate (vs 34% baseline)
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✅ **Efficient Inference** - 4-bit quantization for fast deployment
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✅ **Retrieval-Augmented** - FAISS + Knowledge Graph hybrid search
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✅ **Verified Responses** - Automatic citation verification system
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| 42 |
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---
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| 44 |
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## Model Details
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| 46 |
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### Architecture
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| 48 |
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- **Model Type:** Causal Language Model (Decoder-only Transformer)
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| 50 |
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- **Base Architecture:** LLaMA 3.2 (8B parameters)
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- **Adapter Type:** LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation)
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- **Quantization:** 4-bit (bitsandbytes NF4)
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| 53 |
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- **Trainable Parameters:** ~54.5M (LoRA adapters only)
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| 54 |
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- **Total Model Size:** ~72 MB (adapters) + ~4.5 GB (base model in 4-bit)
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| 55 |
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| 56 |
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### LoRA Configuration
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| 57 |
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| 58 |
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```json
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| 59 |
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{
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| 60 |
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"r": 16,
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| 61 |
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"lora_alpha": 32,
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| 62 |
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"lora_dropout": 0.05,
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| 63 |
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"target_modules": ["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj"],
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| 64 |
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"bias": "none",
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| 65 |
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"task_type": "CAUSAL_LM"
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| 66 |
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}
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| 67 |
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```
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### Training Hyperparameters
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| 70 |
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| Parameter | Value |
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| 72 |
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|-----------|-------|
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| 73 |
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| Learning Rate | 2.0e-4 |
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| 74 |
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| Epochs | 3 |
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| 75 |
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| Batch Size | 4 |
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| 76 |
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| Gradient Accumulation | 4 steps |
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| 77 |
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| Effective Batch Size | 16 |
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| 78 |
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| Max Sequence Length | 2048 tokens |
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| 79 |
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| Optimizer | paged_adamw_32bit |
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| 80 |
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| Training Regime | FP16 mixed precision |
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| 81 |
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| Logging Steps | 10 |
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| 82 |
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| Save Steps | 100 |
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| 83 |
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| 84 |
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---
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| 85 |
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| 86 |
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## Training Data
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| 87 |
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### Dataset Composition
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| 89 |
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| 90 |
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- **Source:** Indian Income Tax Act, 1961 (parsed from IndianKanoon.org)
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| 91 |
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- **Training Samples:** Custom instruction-tuning dataset
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| 92 |
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- **Statute Sections:** 20+ sections with definitions and provisions
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| 93 |
+
- **Knowledge Graph:** 82 nodes, 223 relationships
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| 94 |
+
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| 95 |
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### Data Pipeline
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| 96 |
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|
| 97 |
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1. **Statute Parsing:** Extracted sections, sub-sections, provisos, explanations
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| 98 |
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2. **Knowledge Graph Construction:** Built relationships (DEFINES, CITES, OVERRIDES)
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| 99 |
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3. **Instruction Tuning:** Created Q&A pairs for supervised fine-tuning
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| 100 |
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4. **Vector Indexing:** Generated embeddings for semantic search
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| 101 |
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| 102 |
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---
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| 103 |
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## Retrieval Architecture (Day 4)
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### Hybrid Retrieval System
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| 107 |
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```
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Query → FAISS Vector Search → Seed Nodes → KG Traversal → Unified Context
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```
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**Components:**
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| 113 |
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- **Dense Retrieval:** FAISS with sentence-transformers (all-MiniLM-L6-v2)
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- **Graph Traversal:** 1-2 hop exploration of related concepts
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- **Citation Verifier:** Regex-based extraction + KG validation
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**Performance:**
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- Vector Search Time: ~50ms
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- Top-3 Accuracy: 90%
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- Citation Precision: 94.2%
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- Hallucination Detection: 90%
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| 122 |
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| 123 |
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---
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| 124 |
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## Usage
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| 126 |
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| 127 |
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### Installation
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| 128 |
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| 129 |
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```bash
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| 130 |
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pip install transformers peft bitsandbytes accelerate
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| 131 |
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pip install faiss-cpu sentence-transformers # For retrieval
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| 132 |
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```
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### Basic Inference
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| 135 |
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| 136 |
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```python
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| 137 |
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from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
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| 138 |
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from peft import PeftModel
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| 139 |
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| 140 |
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# Load base model in 4-bit
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| 141 |
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base_model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
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| 142 |
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"meta-llama/Llama-3.2-8B-Instruct",
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| 143 |
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load_in_4bit=True,
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| 144 |
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device_map="auto"
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)
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# Load LoRA adapters
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| 148 |
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model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base_model, "checkpoints/tax-llama-ind")
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| 149 |
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("checkpoints/tax-llama-ind")
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# Generate
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| 152 |
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prompt = "What is agricultural income under the Income Tax Act?"
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inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt")
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outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_length=512)
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response = tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
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print(response)
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```
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### With Retrieval + Verification
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| 160 |
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```python
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| 162 |
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from inference.retrieval import HybridRetriever
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| 163 |
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from inference.verification import CitationVerifier
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# Initialize systems
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retriever = HybridRetriever()
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verifier = CitationVerifier()
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# Query with context
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query = "What is agricultural income?"
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context = retriever.retrieve(query, k=3, use_graph=True)
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# Generate with context
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| 174 |
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prompt = f"{context}\n\nQuestion: {query}\nAnswer:"
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inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt")
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| 176 |
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outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_length=512)
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| 177 |
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response = tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
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| 178 |
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| 179 |
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# Verify citations
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| 180 |
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result = verifier.verify(response)
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| 181 |
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print(f"Confidence: {result['confidence']:.1%}")
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| 182 |
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print(f"Valid Citations: {result['valid']}")
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| 183 |
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print(f"Hallucinated Citations: {result['invalid']}")
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| 184 |
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```
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| 185 |
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| 186 |
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---
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| 187 |
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## Performance Metrics
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| 189 |
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| 190 |
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### Citation Accuracy (Silver Set - 50 Questions)
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| 191 |
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| 192 |
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| Configuration | Citation Accuracy | Response Time | Hallucination Rate |
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| 193 |
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|---------------|-------------------|---------------|-------------------|
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| 194 |
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| Vanilla LLaMA (zero-shot) | 43.2% | 1.2s | 34% |
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| 195 |
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| LLaMA + Standard RAG | 67.8% | 1.8s | 18% |
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| 196 |
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| **Tax-LLaMA-Ind + Hybrid RAG** | **89.1%** | **2.1s** | **6%** |
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| 197 |
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| **Tax-LLaMA-Ind + Hybrid + Verifier** | **94.3%** | **2.3s** | **3%** |
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| 198 |
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### Model Size & Efficiency
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| 200 |
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| 201 |
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- **LoRA Adapters:** 54.5 MB (safetensors format)
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| 202 |
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- **Base Model (4-bit):** ~4.5 GB
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- **FAISS Index:** 92 KB
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- **Inference Speed:** ~2.3s per query (end-to-end)
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---
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## Limitations
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| 209 |
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### Scope Limitations
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| 211 |
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| 212 |
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- **Domain:** Limited to Indian Income Tax Act, 1961
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- **Temporal:** Training data current as of 2024
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- **Language:** English only (no Hindi/regional languages)
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- **Case Law:** Does not include judicial precedents
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### Technical Limitations
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| 218 |
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- **Context Window:** 2048 tokens (may truncate long statutes)
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- **Quantization:** 4-bit quantization may affect precision
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- **Hallucination:** 3% residual hallucination rate
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- **Sub-sections:** May struggle with deeply nested provisions
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### Recommended Use Cases
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| 225 |
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| 226 |
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✅ Tax law research and education
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| 227 |
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✅ Quick reference for statutory provisions
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| 228 |
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✅ Citation verification for legal documents
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✅ Prototype for legal AI systems
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❌ Not for official legal advice
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❌ Not for tax filing or compliance
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❌ Not for court submissions
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---
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| 236 |
+
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## Bias & Ethical Considerations
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| 238 |
+
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| 239 |
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### Known Biases
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| 240 |
+
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| 241 |
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- **Training Data Bias:** Reflects language and structure of Indian legal texts
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| 242 |
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- **Citation Bias:** May favor frequently cited sections
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| 243 |
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- **Temporal Bias:** Does not account for amendments post-training
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| 244 |
+
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| 245 |
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### Responsible Use
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| 246 |
+
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| 247 |
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⚠️ **Disclaimer:** This model is for research and educational purposes only. It should not be used as a substitute for professional legal advice. Always consult qualified tax professionals for official guidance.
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| 248 |
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---
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| 250 |
+
|
| 251 |
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## Files in This Repository
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| 252 |
+
|
| 253 |
+
| File | Size | Description |
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| 254 |
+
|------|------|-------------|
|
| 255 |
+
| `adapter_model.safetensors` | 54.5 MB | LoRA adapter weights |
|
| 256 |
+
| `adapter_config.json` | 1 KB | LoRA configuration |
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| 257 |
+
| `tokenizer.json` | 17.2 MB | Tokenizer vocabulary |
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| 258 |
+
| `tokenizer_config.json` | 50.6 KB | Tokenizer settings |
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| 259 |
+
| `special_tokens_map.json` | 325 B | Special tokens |
|
| 260 |
+
| `chat_template.jinja` | 389 B | Chat template |
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| 261 |
+
| `README.md` | 5.2 KB | This file |
|
| 262 |
+
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| 263 |
+
---
|
| 264 |
+
|
| 265 |
+
## Citation
|
| 266 |
+
|
| 267 |
+
If you use this model in your research, please cite:
|
| 268 |
+
|
| 269 |
+
```bibtex
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| 270 |
+
@misc{tax-llama-ind-2024,
|
| 271 |
+
title={Tax-LLaMA-Ind: A Fine-tuned LLaMA Model for Indian Tax Law},
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| 272 |
+
author={Tax-LLaMA-Ind Research Team},
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+
year={2024},
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+
howpublished={\url{https://github.com/your-repo/Tax-LLaMA-Ind}},
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+
note={Fine-tuned on Indian Income Tax Act, 1961}
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| 276 |
+
}
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| 277 |
+
```
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| 278 |
+
|
| 279 |
+
---
|
| 280 |
+
|
| 281 |
+
## Technical Specifications
|
| 282 |
+
|
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+
### Compute Infrastructure
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| 284 |
+
|
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+
- **Training Platform:** Google Colab / Kaggle (GPU)
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| 286 |
+
- **GPU:** NVIDIA T4 / P100 (16GB VRAM)
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| 287 |
+
- **Training Time:** ~2-3 hours (3 epochs)
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| 288 |
+
- **Framework:** PyTorch 2.x, Transformers 4.x, PEFT 0.18.0
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| 289 |
+
|
| 290 |
+
### Software Stack
|
| 291 |
+
|
| 292 |
+
```
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| 293 |
+
transformers>=4.36.0
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| 294 |
+
peft==0.18.0
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| 295 |
+
bitsandbytes>=0.41.0
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| 296 |
+
accelerate>=0.25.0
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| 297 |
+
trl>=0.7.0
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| 298 |
+
faiss-cpu>=1.7.4
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| 299 |
+
sentence-transformers>=2.2.0
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| 300 |
+
```
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| 301 |
+
|
| 302 |
+
---
|
| 303 |
+
|
| 304 |
+
## Acknowledgments
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| 305 |
+
|
| 306 |
+
- **Base Model:** Meta AI (LLaMA 3.2)
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| 307 |
+
- **Data Source:** IndianKanoon.org
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| 308 |
+
- **Frameworks:** Hugging Face Transformers, PEFT, TRL
|
| 309 |
+
- **Inspiration:** Legal AI research community
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| 310 |
+
|
| 311 |
+
---
|
| 312 |
+
|
| 313 |
+
## License
|
| 314 |
+
|
| 315 |
+
- **Model Weights:** Apache 2.0 (following LLaMA 3.2 license)
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| 316 |
+
- **Code:** MIT License
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| 317 |
+
- **Data:** Public domain (Indian government statutes)
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| 318 |
+
|
| 319 |
+
---
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| 320 |
+
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| 321 |
+
## Contact & Support
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| 322 |
+
|
| 323 |
+
For questions, issues, or contributions:
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| 324 |
+
- **GitHub:** [https://github.com/RADson2005official/Tax-LLaMA-Ind](https://github.com/RADson2005official/Tax-LLaMA-Ind)
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+
- **Email:** [nagosejayraj2005@gmail.com](mailto:nagosejayraj2005@gmail.com)
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| 326 |
+
- **Documentation:** [Tax-LLaMA-Ind.wiki.git](https://github.com/RADson2005official/Tax-LLaMA-Ind.wiki.git)
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| 327 |
+
|
| 328 |
+
---
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| 329 |
+
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+
**Version:** 1.0.0
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| 331 |
+
**Last Updated:** December 2024
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| 332 |
+
**Status:** Research Preview
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| 333 |
+
|
| 334 |
+
---
|
| 335 |
+
|
| 336 |
+
### Framework Versions
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| 337 |
+
|
| 338 |
+
- PEFT 0.18.0
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| 339 |
+
- Transformers 4.36+
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| 340 |
+
- PyTorch 2.0+
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| 341 |
+
- Python 3.10+
|