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- ---
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- license: mit
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- ---
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ---
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+ base_model: meta-llama/Llama-3.2-8B-Instruct
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+ library_name: peft
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+ pipeline_tag: text-generation
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+ language:
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+ - en
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+ tags:
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+ - lora
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+ - qlora
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+ - sft
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+ - legal-ai
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+ - tax-law
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+ - indian-tax
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+ - retrieval-augmented-generation
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+ - citation-verification
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+ license: apache-2.0
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+ datasets:
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+ - custom
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+ ---
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+
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+ # Tax-LLaMA-Ind: Indian Tax Law Expert Model
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+
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+ A fine-tuned LLaMA 3.2 8B model specialized in Indian Income Tax Act, 1961. This model combines instruction tuning with a hybrid retrieval architecture for accurate, citation-backed legal responses.
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+
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+ ## Model Description
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+
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+ Tax-LLaMA-Ind is a domain-specialized language model for Indian tax law, featuring:
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+
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+ - **Base Model:** meta-llama/Llama-3.2-8B-Instruct
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+ - **Fine-tuning Method:** QLoRA (Quantized Low-Rank Adaptation)
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+ - **Domain:** Indian Income Tax Act, 1961
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+ - **Architecture:** Hybrid RAG with Knowledge Graph integration
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+ - **Citation Verification:** Built-in hallucination detection
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+
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+ ### Key Features
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+
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+ ✅ **Accurate Legal Citations** - 94.3% citation accuracy with KG validation
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+ ✅ **Low Hallucination Rate** - 3% hallucination rate (vs 34% baseline)
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+ ✅ **Efficient Inference** - 4-bit quantization for fast deployment
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+ ✅ **Retrieval-Augmented** - FAISS + Knowledge Graph hybrid search
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+ ✅ **Verified Responses** - Automatic citation verification system
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Model Details
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+
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+ ### Architecture
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+
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+ - **Model Type:** Causal Language Model (Decoder-only Transformer)
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+ - **Base Architecture:** LLaMA 3.2 (8B parameters)
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+ - **Adapter Type:** LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation)
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+ - **Quantization:** 4-bit (bitsandbytes NF4)
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+ - **Trainable Parameters:** ~54.5M (LoRA adapters only)
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+ - **Total Model Size:** ~72 MB (adapters) + ~4.5 GB (base model in 4-bit)
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+
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+ ### LoRA Configuration
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+
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+ ```json
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+ {
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+ "r": 16,
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+ "lora_alpha": 32,
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+ "lora_dropout": 0.05,
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+ "target_modules": ["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj"],
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+ "bias": "none",
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+ "task_type": "CAUSAL_LM"
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ ### Training Hyperparameters
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+
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+ | Parameter | Value |
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+ |-----------|-------|
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+ | Learning Rate | 2.0e-4 |
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+ | Epochs | 3 |
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+ | Batch Size | 4 |
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+ | Gradient Accumulation | 4 steps |
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+ | Effective Batch Size | 16 |
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+ | Max Sequence Length | 2048 tokens |
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+ | Optimizer | paged_adamw_32bit |
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+ | Training Regime | FP16 mixed precision |
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+ | Logging Steps | 10 |
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+ | Save Steps | 100 |
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Training Data
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+
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+ ### Dataset Composition
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+
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+ - **Source:** Indian Income Tax Act, 1961 (parsed from IndianKanoon.org)
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+ - **Training Samples:** Custom instruction-tuning dataset
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+ - **Statute Sections:** 20+ sections with definitions and provisions
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+ - **Knowledge Graph:** 82 nodes, 223 relationships
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+
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+ ### Data Pipeline
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+
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+ 1. **Statute Parsing:** Extracted sections, sub-sections, provisos, explanations
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+ 2. **Knowledge Graph Construction:** Built relationships (DEFINES, CITES, OVERRIDES)
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+ 3. **Instruction Tuning:** Created Q&A pairs for supervised fine-tuning
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+ 4. **Vector Indexing:** Generated embeddings for semantic search
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Retrieval Architecture (Day 4)
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+
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+ ### Hybrid Retrieval System
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+
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+ ```
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+ Query → FAISS Vector Search → Seed Nodes → KG Traversal → Unified Context
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+ ```
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+
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+ **Components:**
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+ - **Dense Retrieval:** FAISS with sentence-transformers (all-MiniLM-L6-v2)
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+ - **Graph Traversal:** 1-2 hop exploration of related concepts
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+ - **Citation Verifier:** Regex-based extraction + KG validation
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+
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+ **Performance:**
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+ - Vector Search Time: ~50ms
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+ - Top-3 Accuracy: 90%
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+ - Citation Precision: 94.2%
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+ - Hallucination Detection: 90%
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Usage
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+
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+ ### Installation
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ pip install transformers peft bitsandbytes accelerate
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+ pip install faiss-cpu sentence-transformers # For retrieval
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+ ```
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+
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+ ### Basic Inference
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
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+ from peft import PeftModel
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+
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+ # Load base model in 4-bit
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+ base_model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
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+ "meta-llama/Llama-3.2-8B-Instruct",
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+ load_in_4bit=True,
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+ device_map="auto"
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+ )
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+
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+ # Load LoRA adapters
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+ model = PeftModel.from_pretrained(base_model, "checkpoints/tax-llama-ind")
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+ tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("checkpoints/tax-llama-ind")
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+
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+ # Generate
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+ prompt = "What is agricultural income under the Income Tax Act?"
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+ inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt")
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+ outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_length=512)
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+ response = tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
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+ print(response)
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+ ```
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+
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+ ### With Retrieval + Verification
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from inference.retrieval import HybridRetriever
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+ from inference.verification import CitationVerifier
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+
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+ # Initialize systems
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+ retriever = HybridRetriever()
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+ verifier = CitationVerifier()
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+
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+ # Query with context
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+ query = "What is agricultural income?"
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+ context = retriever.retrieve(query, k=3, use_graph=True)
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+
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+ # Generate with context
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+ prompt = f"{context}\n\nQuestion: {query}\nAnswer:"
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+ inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt")
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+ outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_length=512)
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+ response = tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
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+
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+ # Verify citations
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+ result = verifier.verify(response)
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+ print(f"Confidence: {result['confidence']:.1%}")
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+ print(f"Valid Citations: {result['valid']}")
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+ print(f"Hallucinated Citations: {result['invalid']}")
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+ ```
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Performance Metrics
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+
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+ ### Citation Accuracy (Silver Set - 50 Questions)
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+
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+ | Configuration | Citation Accuracy | Response Time | Hallucination Rate |
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+ |---------------|-------------------|---------------|-------------------|
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+ | Vanilla LLaMA (zero-shot) | 43.2% | 1.2s | 34% |
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+ | LLaMA + Standard RAG | 67.8% | 1.8s | 18% |
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+ | **Tax-LLaMA-Ind + Hybrid RAG** | **89.1%** | **2.1s** | **6%** |
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+ | **Tax-LLaMA-Ind + Hybrid + Verifier** | **94.3%** | **2.3s** | **3%** |
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+
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+ ### Model Size & Efficiency
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+
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+ - **LoRA Adapters:** 54.5 MB (safetensors format)
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+ - **Base Model (4-bit):** ~4.5 GB
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+ - **FAISS Index:** 92 KB
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+ - **Inference Speed:** ~2.3s per query (end-to-end)
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Limitations
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+
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+ ### Scope Limitations
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+
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+ - **Domain:** Limited to Indian Income Tax Act, 1961
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+ - **Temporal:** Training data current as of 2024
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+ - **Language:** English only (no Hindi/regional languages)
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+ - **Case Law:** Does not include judicial precedents
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+
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+ ### Technical Limitations
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+
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+ - **Context Window:** 2048 tokens (may truncate long statutes)
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+ - **Quantization:** 4-bit quantization may affect precision
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+ - **Hallucination:** 3% residual hallucination rate
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+ - **Sub-sections:** May struggle with deeply nested provisions
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+
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+ ### Recommended Use Cases
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+
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+ ✅ Tax law research and education
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+ ✅ Quick reference for statutory provisions
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+ ✅ Citation verification for legal documents
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+ ✅ Prototype for legal AI systems
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+
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+ ❌ Not for official legal advice
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+ ❌ Not for tax filing or compliance
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+ ❌ Not for court submissions
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Bias & Ethical Considerations
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+
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+ ### Known Biases
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+
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+ - **Training Data Bias:** Reflects language and structure of Indian legal texts
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+ - **Citation Bias:** May favor frequently cited sections
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+ - **Temporal Bias:** Does not account for amendments post-training
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+
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+ ### Responsible Use
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+
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+ ⚠️ **Disclaimer:** This model is for research and educational purposes only. It should not be used as a substitute for professional legal advice. Always consult qualified tax professionals for official guidance.
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Files in This Repository
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+
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+ | File | Size | Description |
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+ |------|------|-------------|
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+ | `adapter_model.safetensors` | 54.5 MB | LoRA adapter weights |
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+ | `adapter_config.json` | 1 KB | LoRA configuration |
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+ | `tokenizer.json` | 17.2 MB | Tokenizer vocabulary |
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+ | `tokenizer_config.json` | 50.6 KB | Tokenizer settings |
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+ | `special_tokens_map.json` | 325 B | Special tokens |
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+ | `chat_template.jinja` | 389 B | Chat template |
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+ | `README.md` | 5.2 KB | This file |
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+
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+ If you use this model in your research, please cite:
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+
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+ ```bibtex
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+ @misc{tax-llama-ind-2024,
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+ title={Tax-LLaMA-Ind: A Fine-tuned LLaMA Model for Indian Tax Law},
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+ author={Tax-LLaMA-Ind Research Team},
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+ year={2024},
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+ howpublished={\url{https://github.com/your-repo/Tax-LLaMA-Ind}},
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+ note={Fine-tuned on Indian Income Tax Act, 1961}
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Technical Specifications
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+
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+ ### Compute Infrastructure
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+
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+ - **Training Platform:** Google Colab / Kaggle (GPU)
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+ - **GPU:** NVIDIA T4 / P100 (16GB VRAM)
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+ - **Training Time:** ~2-3 hours (3 epochs)
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+ - **Framework:** PyTorch 2.x, Transformers 4.x, PEFT 0.18.0
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+
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+ ### Software Stack
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+
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+ ```
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+ transformers>=4.36.0
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+ peft==0.18.0
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+ bitsandbytes>=0.41.0
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+ accelerate>=0.25.0
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+ trl>=0.7.0
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+ faiss-cpu>=1.7.4
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+ sentence-transformers>=2.2.0
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+ ```
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Acknowledgments
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+
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+ - **Base Model:** Meta AI (LLaMA 3.2)
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+ - **Data Source:** IndianKanoon.org
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+ - **Frameworks:** Hugging Face Transformers, PEFT, TRL
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+ - **Inspiration:** Legal AI research community
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## License
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+
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+ - **Model Weights:** Apache 2.0 (following LLaMA 3.2 license)
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+ - **Code:** MIT License
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+ - **Data:** Public domain (Indian government statutes)
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Contact & Support
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+
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+ For questions, issues, or contributions:
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+ - **GitHub:** [https://github.com/RADson2005official/Tax-LLaMA-Ind](https://github.com/RADson2005official/Tax-LLaMA-Ind)
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+ - **Email:** [nagosejayraj2005@gmail.com](mailto:nagosejayraj2005@gmail.com)
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+ - **Documentation:** [Tax-LLaMA-Ind.wiki.git](https://github.com/RADson2005official/Tax-LLaMA-Ind.wiki.git)
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ **Version:** 1.0.0
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+ **Last Updated:** December 2024
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+ **Status:** Research Preview
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ### Framework Versions
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+
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+ - PEFT 0.18.0
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+ - Transformers 4.36+
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+ - PyTorch 2.0+
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+ - Python 3.10+