File size: 3,871 Bytes
1fd0050 | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 | #include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
// A simple struct to hold instruction details.
struct Instruction {
string type;
int a, x, b, y;
};
int main() {
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(NULL);
unsigned int k;
cin >> k;
if (k == 1) {
cout << 1 << endl;
cout << "HALT PUSH 1 GOTO 1" << endl;
return 0;
}
unsigned int m = (k - 1) / 2;
vector<Instruction> program;
int n = 0;
// Entry point: instruction 1
// The stack is empty. This instruction pushes a special marker (1020)
// to signify an empty initial counter and transfers control to the
// first bit-processing block (for bit 30).
program.push_back({"POP", 1023, 2, 1020, 2});
n = 1;
// Generate 31 blocks of instructions, one for each bit of M from 30 down to 0.
for (int i = 30; i >= 0; --i) {
bool bit_is_one = (m >> i) & 1;
int current_block_start = n + 1;
int next_block_start;
if (i > 0) {
next_block_start = current_block_start + 6;
} else {
// After processing bit 0, jump to the main execution loop.
next_block_start = 1 + 31 * 6 + 1;
}
// Define distinct symbols for items at each stage to avoid conflicts.
// `val_in_prev_stage`: Symbol from the previous stage (or initial marker).
// `val_out_current_stage`: Symbol this stage will produce.
// `val_temp`: Temporary symbol used during the doubling process.
int val_in_prev_stage = (i == 30) ? 1020 : (2 * (i + 1) + 3);
int val_out_current_stage = (i == 0) ? 3 : (2 * i + 3);
int val_temp = 2 * i + 4;
// --- Block for bit i ---
// Part 1: Doubling (converts each val_in_prev_stage to two val_temp)
// D1: Pop an item from the previous stage. If none, go to the Adder part.
program.push_back({"POP", val_in_prev_stage, current_block_start + 1, 1021, current_block_start + 3});
// D2 & D3: Push two temporary items. Then loop back to D1.
program.push_back({"POP", 1023, current_block_start + 2, val_temp, current_block_start + 2});
program.push_back({"POP", 1023, current_block_start, val_temp, current_block_start});
// Part 2: Adder (conditionally adds one item if bit is 1)
int adder_target = current_block_start + 4;
if (bit_is_one) {
// If m_i is 1, push one new item. The POP on 1021 will fail.
program.push_back({"POP", 1021, adder_target, val_out_current_stage, adder_target});
} else {
// If m_i is 0, just pass control.
program.push_back({"POP", 1021, adder_target, 1021, adder_target});
}
// Part 3: Conversion (converts each val_temp back to val_out_current_stage)
// C1: Pop a temporary item. If none, go to the next bit's block.
program.push_back({"POP", val_temp, current_block_start + 5, 1021, next_block_start});
// C2: Push one final item. Loop back to C1.
program.push_back({"POP", 1023, current_block_start + 4, val_out_current_stage, current_block_start + 4});
n += 6;
}
// Main loop: runs for 2*M steps.
int loop_entry = n + 1;
int halt_instr = n + 2;
// The symbol for the final counter items is 3.
program.push_back({"POP", 3, halt_instr, 2, loop_entry});
program.push_back({"HALT", -1, -1, 1, loop_entry});
n += 2;
cout << n << endl;
for (const auto& instr : program) {
if (instr.type == "POP") {
cout << "POP " << instr.a << " GOTO " << instr.x << " PUSH " << instr.b << " GOTO " << instr.y << endl;
} else { // HALT
cout << "HALT PUSH " << instr.b << " GOTO " << instr.y << endl;
}
}
return 0;
} |