#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

struct TestCase {
    int n; long long k;
    vector<vector<long long>> A; long long answer;
};
mt19937_64 rng_gen(42);

TestCase gen_matrix(int n, long long k, function<long long(int,int)> valfn) {
    TestCase tc; tc.n = n; tc.k = k;
    tc.A.assign(n+1, vector<long long>(n+1, 0));
    vector<long long> all;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) { tc.A[i][j] = valfn(i, j); all.push_back(tc.A[i][j]); }
    sort(all.begin(), all.end()); tc.answer = all[k-1]; return tc;
}
TestCase gen_multiplicative(int n, long long k) { return gen_matrix(n, k, [](int i, int j) -> long long { return (long long)i * j; }); }
TestCase gen_shifted(int n, long long k) { return gen_matrix(n, k, [n](int i, int j) -> long long { return (long long)(i + n) * (j + n); }); }
TestCase gen_additive(int n, long long k) { return gen_matrix(n, k, [](int i, int j) -> long long { return i + j; }); }
TestCase gen_random_sorted(int n, long long k) {
    TestCase tc; tc.n = n; tc.k = k;
    tc.A.assign(n+1, vector<long long>(n+1, 0));
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) tc.A[i][j] = (long long)i * 1000000 + (long long)j * 1000 + (rng_gen() % 500);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) for (int j = 2; j <= n; j++) tc.A[i][j] = max(tc.A[i][j], tc.A[i][j-1]);
    for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) tc.A[i][j] = max(tc.A[i][j], tc.A[i-1][j]);
    vector<long long> all;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) all.push_back(tc.A[i][j]);
    sort(all.begin(), all.end()); tc.answer = all[k-1]; return tc;
}

struct Solver {
    const TestCase& tc;
    int query_count;
    vector<long long> memo;
    int n;

    Solver(const TestCase& t) : tc(t), query_count(0), n(t.n) { memo.assign(2002 * 2002, -1); }

    long long do_query(int r, int c) {
        int key = r * 2001 + c;
        if (memo[key] != -1) return memo[key];
        query_count++;
        memo[key] = tc.A[r][c];
        return memo[key];
    }

    // Staircase walk counting elements <= mid, respecting jLo/jHi bounds
    // jLo[i] = number of elements in row i KNOWN to be <= some lower bound (0-based count from left)
    // jHi[i] = number of elements in row i KNOWN to be <= some upper bound
    // Walk from top, j starts at jHi[1], goes down
    pair<long long, vector<int>> countLeq(long long mid, const vector<int>& jLo, const vector<int>& jHi) {
        vector<int> cutoff(n + 1, 0);
        long long cnt = 0;
        int j = min(n, jHi[1]);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            int lo = jLo[i];
            int hi = min(n, jHi[i]);
            if (hi <= lo) {
                cutoff[i] = lo;
                cnt += lo;
                continue;
            }
            if (j > hi) j = hi;
            while (j > lo) {
                long long v = do_query(i, j);
                if (v <= mid) {
                    cutoff[i] = j;
                    cnt += j;
                    goto next;
                }
                j--;
            }
            cutoff[i] = lo;
            cnt += lo;
            next:;
        }
        return {cnt, cutoff};
    }

    long long solve() {
        long long k = tc.k;
        long long NLL = (long long)n * n;
        if (n == 1) return do_query(1, 1);
        if (k == 1) return do_query(1, 1);
        if (k == NLL) return do_query(n, n);

        // Phase 1: Sample random values
        int countsBudget = min(30, max(1, 45000 / max(1, 2 * n)));
        int reserved = 100;
        long long left = 50000 - (long long)countsBudget * 2 * n - reserved;
        if (left < 0) left = 0;

        int E = (int)min(5000LL, max(400LL, left / 3));
        long long SBudget = left - E;
        if (SBudget < 0) SBudget = 0;
        long long Ssize = min(SBudget, min(6000LL, (long long)n * n));
        if (Ssize < 0) Ssize = 0;

        vector<long long> sampleVals;
        {
            mt19937_64 rng(1469598103934665603ULL ^ (uint64_t)n * 1181783497276652981ULL ^ ((uint64_t)k << 1));
            set<long long> seen;
            // Grid sampling
            int g = (int)floor(sqrt((double)Ssize));
            if (g > 0) {
                for (int ri = 1; ri <= g && (long long)sampleVals.size() < Ssize; ri++) {
                    int r = max(1, min(n, (int)((ri * (long long)n) / (g + 1))));
                    for (int ci = 1; ci <= g && (long long)sampleVals.size() < Ssize; ci++) {
                        int c = max(1, min(n, (int)((ci * (long long)n) / (g + 1))));
                        long long key = (long long)r * 10000 + c;
                        if (seen.insert(key).second)
                            sampleVals.push_back(do_query(r, c));
                    }
                }
            }
            // Random fill
            while ((long long)sampleVals.size() < Ssize) {
                int r = 1 + rng() % n;
                int c = 1 + rng() % n;
                long long key = (long long)r * 10000 + c;
                if (seen.insert(key).second)
                    sampleVals.push_back(do_query(r, c));
            }
            sort(sampleVals.begin(), sampleVals.end());
            sampleVals.erase(unique(sampleVals.begin(), sampleVals.end()), sampleVals.end());
        }

        // Phase 2: Binary search over sample values
        vector<int> jLo(n + 1, 0), jHi(n + 1, n);
        long long cLo = 0, cHi = NLL;
        int li = -1, hiIndex = (int)sampleVals.size();
        int usedCounts = 0;

        while (usedCounts < countsBudget && hiIndex - li > 1 && cHi - cLo > E) {
            int midIndex = li + (hiIndex - li) / 2;
            long long pivot = sampleVals[midIndex];
            auto [cnt, cutoff] = countLeq(pivot, jLo, jHi);
            usedCounts++;
            if (cnt >= k) {
                hiIndex = midIndex;
                jHi = cutoff;
                cHi = cnt;
            } else {
                li = midIndex;
                jLo = cutoff;
                cLo = cnt;
            }
        }

        // Phase 3: Numeric binary search if still too wide
        long long loVal = (li >= 0 ? sampleVals[li] : (sampleVals.empty() ? do_query(1,1) : sampleVals.front()));
        long long hiVal = (hiIndex < (int)sampleVals.size() ? sampleVals[hiIndex] : (sampleVals.empty() ? do_query(n,n) : sampleVals.back()));

        while (usedCounts < countsBudget && cHi - cLo > E) {
            if (loVal >= hiVal) break;
            long long mid = loVal + (hiVal - loVal) / 2;
            if (mid == loVal) mid++;
            if (mid >= hiVal) break;
            auto [cnt, cutoff] = countLeq(mid, jLo, jHi);
            usedCounts++;
            if (cnt >= k) {
                jHi = cutoff;
                cHi = cnt;
                hiVal = mid;
            } else {
                jLo = cutoff;
                cLo = cnt;
                loVal = mid;
            }
        }

        // Phase 4: Enumerate remaining candidates
        long long W = cHi - cLo;
        vector<long long> cand;
        cand.reserve((size_t)W);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            for (int j = jLo[i] + 1; j <= jHi[i]; j++) {
                cand.push_back(do_query(i, j));
            }
        }

        long long rank = k - cLo;
        if (rank <= 0 || cand.empty()) return loVal;
        if (rank > (long long)cand.size()) return hiVal;
        nth_element(cand.begin(), cand.begin() + (rank - 1), cand.end());
        return cand[rank - 1];
    }
};

int main() {
    struct TestDef { string name; function<TestCase()> gen; };
    vector<TestDef> tests;
    tests.push_back({"additive n=100 k=5000", []{ return gen_additive(100, 5000); }});
    tests.push_back({"mult n=100 k=5000", []{ return gen_multiplicative(100, 5000); }});
    tests.push_back({"additive n=500 k=125000", []{ return gen_additive(500, 125000); }});
    tests.push_back({"mult n=500 k=125000", []{ return gen_multiplicative(500, 125000); }});
    tests.push_back({"random n=500 k=125000", []{ return gen_random_sorted(500, 125000); }});
    tests.push_back({"additive n=2000 k=2000000", []{ return gen_additive(2000, 2000000); }});
    tests.push_back({"mult n=2000 k=2000000", []{ return gen_multiplicative(2000, 2000000); }});
    tests.push_back({"shifted n=2000 k=2000000", []{ return gen_shifted(2000, 2000000); }});
    tests.push_back({"random n=2000 k=2000000", []{ return gen_random_sorted(2000, 2000000); }});
    tests.push_back({"mult n=2000 k=100000", []{ return gen_multiplicative(2000, 100000); }});
    tests.push_back({"mult n=2000 k=3900000", []{ return gen_multiplicative(2000, 3900000); }});

    for (auto& t : tests) {
        auto tc = t.gen();
        Solver s(tc);
        long long result = s.solve();
        bool correct = (result == tc.answer);
        int used = s.query_count;
        double score = !correct ? 0.0 : (used <= tc.n ? 1.0 : (used >= 50000 ? 0.0 : (50000.0 - used) / (50000.0 - tc.n)));
        printf("%-45s q=%6d %s score=%.4f\n", t.name.c_str(), used, correct ? "OK" : "WRONG", score);
    }
}