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README.md
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---
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tags:
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- sentence-transformers
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- dataset_size:275838
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- loss:TripletLoss
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base_model: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L12-v2
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widget:
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- source_sentence: Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; As yet they shall
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use this speech in the land of Judah and in the cities thereof, when I shall bring
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again their captivity; The LORD bless thee, O habitation of justice, and mountain
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of holiness.
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sentences:
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- 'The LORD shall bless thee out of Zion: and thou shalt see the good of Jerusalem
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all the days of thy life.'
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- And he went out to meet Asa, and said unto him, Hear ye me, Asa, and all Judah
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and Benjamin; The LORD is with you, while ye be with him; and if ye seek him,
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he will be found of you; but if ye forsake him, he will forsake you.
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- And say thou unto them, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel; Cursed be the man that
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obeyeth not the words of this covenant,
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- source_sentence: Because of their wickedness which they have committed to provoke
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me to anger, in that they went to burn incense, and to serve other gods, whom
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they knew not, neither they, ye, nor your fathers.
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sentences:
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- 'Woe be unto thee, O Moab! the people of Chemosh perisheth: for thy sons are taken
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captives, and thy daughters captives.'
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- 'It repenteth me that I have set up Saul to be king: for he is turned back from
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following me, and hath not performed my commandments. And it grieved Samuel; and
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he cried unto the LORD all night.'
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- If thy brother, the son of thy mother, or thy son, or thy daughter, or the wife
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of thy bosom, or thy friend, which is as thine own soul, entice thee secretly,
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saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which thou hast not known, thou, nor thy
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fathers;
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- source_sentence: As the appearance of the bow that is in the cloud in the day of
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rain, so was the appearance of the brightness round about. This was the appearance
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of the likeness of the glory of the LORD. And when I saw it, I fell upon my face,
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and I heard a voice of one that spake.
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sentences:
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- 'A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you: and
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I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart
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of flesh.'
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- Thus saith the Lord GOD; If the prince give a gift unto any of his sons, the inheritance
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thereof shall be his sons’; it shall be their possession by inheritance.
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- 'And when I saw him, I fell at his feet as dead. And he laid his right hand upon
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me, saying unto me, Fear not; I am the first and the last:'
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- source_sentence: Masters, give unto your servants that which is just and equal;
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knowing that ye also have a Master in heaven.
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sentences:
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- And not holding the Head, from which all the body by joints and bands having nourishment
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ministered, and knit together, increaseth with the increase of God.
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- And he said also unto his disciples, There was a certain rich man, which had a
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steward; and the same was accused unto him that he had wasted his goods.
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- And the keeper of the prison awaking out of his sleep, and seeing the prison doors
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open, he drew out his sword, and would have killed himself, supposing that the
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prisoners had been fled.
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- source_sentence: But God shall wound the head of his enemies, and the hairy scalp
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of such an one as goeth on still in his trespasses.
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sentences:
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- 'Then again called they the man that was blind, and said unto him, Give God the
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praise: we know that this man is a sinner.'
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- Who can utter the mighty acts of the LORD? who can shew forth all his praise?
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- Again, when the wicked man turneth away from his wickedness that he hath committed,
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and doeth that which is lawful and right, he shall save his soul alive.
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pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
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library_name: sentence-transformers
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model-index:
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- name: SentenceTransformer based on sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L12-v2
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results:
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- task:
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type: semantic-similarity
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name: Semantic Similarity
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dataset:
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name: intertextual similarity chirho
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type: intertextual-similarity-chirho
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metrics:
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- type: pearson_cosine
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value: 0.6270927412432303
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name: Pearson Cosine
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- type: spearman_cosine
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value: 0.6326350413656476
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name: Spearman Cosine
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---
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#
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##
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- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
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- **Base model:** [sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L12-v2](https://huggingface.co/sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L12-v2) <!-- at revision 936af83a2ecce5fe87a09109ff5cbcefe073173a -->
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- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 128 tokens
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- **Output Dimensionality:** 384 dimensions
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- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
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<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
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<!-- - **Language:** Unknown -->
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<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->
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- **
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(2): Normalize()
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)
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```
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## Usage
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### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)
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First install the Sentence Transformers library:
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```bash
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pip install -U sentence-transformers
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```
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Then you can load this model and run inference.
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```python
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from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
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model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
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# Run inference
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sentences = [
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'But God shall wound the head of his enemies, and the hairy scalp of such an one as goeth on still in his trespasses.',
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'Again, when the wicked man turneth away from his wickedness that he hath committed, and doeth that which is lawful and right, he shall save his soul alive.',
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'Who can utter the mighty acts of the LORD? who can shew forth all his praise?',
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]
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embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
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print(embeddings.shape)
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# [3, 384]
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# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
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similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
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print(similarities)
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# tensor([[ 1.0000, -0.0455, -0.3163],
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# [-0.0455, 1.0000, -0.0269],
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# [-0.3163, -0.0269, 1.0000]])
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```
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<!--
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### Direct Usage (Transformers)
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<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>
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</details>
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-->
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<!--
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### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)
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You can finetune this model on your own dataset.
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<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
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</details>
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-->
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<!--
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.*
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-->
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## Evaluation
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### Metrics
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#### Semantic Similarity
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| pearson_cosine | 0.6271 |
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| **spearman_cosine** | **0.6326** |
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<!--
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## Bias, Risks and Limitations
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*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.*
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-->
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<!--
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### Recommendations
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*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.*
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-->
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## Training Details
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### Training Dataset
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#### Unnamed Dataset
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* Size: 275,838 training samples
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* Columns: <code>sentence_0</code>, <code>sentence_1</code>, and <code>sentence_2</code>
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* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
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| | sentence_0 | sentence_1 | sentence_2 |
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|:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| type | string | string | string |
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| details | <ul><li>min: 12 tokens</li><li>mean: 37.48 tokens</li><li>max: 92 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 10 tokens</li><li>mean: 36.65 tokens</li><li>max: 83 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 9 tokens</li><li>mean: 33.52 tokens</li><li>max: 109 tokens</li></ul> |
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* Samples:
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| sentence_0 | sentence_1 | sentence_2 |
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|:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| <code>And the LORD took me as I followed the flock, and the LORD said unto me, Go, prophesy unto my people Israel.</code> | <code>And as Jesus passed forth from thence, he saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at the receipt of custom: and he saith unto him, Follow me. And he arose, and followed him.</code> | <code>But, behold, I will raise up against you a nation, O house of Israel, saith the LORD the God of hosts; and they shall afflict you from the entering in of Hemath unto the river of the wilderness.</code> |
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| <code>Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine.</code> | <code>We then, as workers together with him, beseech you also that ye receive not the grace of God in vain.</code> | <code>A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to hospitality, apt to teach;</code> |
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| <code>And the chambers and the entries thereof were by the posts of the gates, where they washed the burnt offering.</code> | <code>He made also ten lavers, and put five on the right hand, and five on the left, to wash in them: such things as they offered for the burnt offering they washed in them; but the sea was for the priests to wash in.</code> | <code>Hath oppressed the poor and needy, hath spoiled by violence, hath not restored the pledge, and hath lifted up his eyes to the idols, hath committed abomination,</code> |
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* Loss: [<code>TripletLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#tripletloss) with these parameters:
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```json
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{
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"distance_metric": "TripletDistanceMetric.COSINE",
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"triplet_margin": 0.5
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}
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```
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### Training Hyperparameters
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#### Non-Default Hyperparameters
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- `eval_strategy`: steps
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- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 64
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- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 64
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- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: round_robin
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#### All Hyperparameters
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<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
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- `do_predict`: False
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- `eval_strategy`: steps
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- `prediction_loss_only`: True
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- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 64
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- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 64
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- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1
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- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
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- `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None
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- `learning_rate`: 5e-05
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- `weight_decay`: 0.0
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- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
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- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
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- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
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- `max_grad_norm`: 1
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- `num_train_epochs`: 3
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- `max_steps`: -1
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- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear
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- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: None
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- `warmup_ratio`: None
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- `warmup_steps`: 0
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- `log_level`: passive
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- `log_level_replica`: warning
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- `log_on_each_node`: True
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- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
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- `enable_jit_checkpoint`: False
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- `save_on_each_node`: False
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- `save_only_model`: False
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- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
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- `use_cpu`: False
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- `seed`: 42
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- `data_seed`: None
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- `bf16`: False
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- `fp16`: False
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- `bf16_full_eval`: False
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- `fp16_full_eval`: False
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- `tf32`: None
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- `local_rank`: -1
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- `ddp_backend`: None
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- `debug`: []
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- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
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- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
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- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
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- `disable_tqdm`: False
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- `remove_unused_columns`: True
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- `label_names`: None
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- `load_best_model_at_end`: False
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- `ignore_data_skip`: False
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- `fsdp`: []
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- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
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- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
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- `parallelism_config`: None
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- `deepspeed`: None
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- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
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- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
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- `optim_args`: None
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- `group_by_length`: False
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- `length_column_name`: length
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- `project`: huggingface
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- `trackio_space_id`: trackio
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- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
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- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
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- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
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- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
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- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
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- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
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- `push_to_hub`: False
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- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
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- `hub_model_id`: None
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- `hub_strategy`: every_save
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- `hub_private_repo`: None
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- `hub_always_push`: False
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- `hub_revision`: None
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- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
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- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
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- `include_for_metrics`: []
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- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
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- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
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- `full_determinism`: False
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- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
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- `torch_compile`: False
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- `torch_compile_backend`: None
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- `torch_compile_mode`: None
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- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: no
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- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
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- `optim_target_modules`: None
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- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
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- `eval_on_start`: False
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- `use_liger_kernel`: False
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- `liger_kernel_config`: None
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- `eval_use_gather_object`: False
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- `average_tokens_across_devices`: True
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- `use_cache`: False
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- `prompts`: None
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- `batch_sampler`: batch_sampler
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- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: round_robin
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- `router_mapping`: {}
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- `learning_rate_mapping`: {}
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</details>
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### Training Logs
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| Epoch | Step | Training Loss | intertextual-similarity-chirho_spearman_cosine |
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|:------:|:-----:|:-------------:|:----------------------------------------------:|
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| 0.1160 | 500 | 0.2996 | - |
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| 0.2320 | 1000 | 0.2629 | 0.5336 |
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| 0.3480 | 1500 | 0.2529 | - |
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| 0.4640 | 2000 | 0.2434 | 0.5641 |
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| 0.5800 | 2500 | 0.2356 | - |
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| 0.6961 | 3000 | 0.2320 | 0.5828 |
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| 0.8121 | 3500 | 0.2271 | - |
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| 0.9281 | 4000 | 0.2222 | 0.5963 |
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| 1.0 | 4310 | - | 0.5989 |
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| 1.0441 | 4500 | 0.2153 | - |
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| 357 |
-
| 1.1601 | 5000 | 0.2028 | 0.6041 |
|
| 358 |
-
| 1.2761 | 5500 | 0.2025 | - |
|
| 359 |
-
| 1.3921 | 6000 | 0.2006 | 0.6104 |
|
| 360 |
-
| 1.5081 | 6500 | 0.1972 | - |
|
| 361 |
-
| 1.6241 | 7000 | 0.1964 | 0.6161 |
|
| 362 |
-
| 1.7401 | 7500 | 0.1965 | - |
|
| 363 |
-
| 1.8561 | 8000 | 0.1952 | 0.6213 |
|
| 364 |
-
| 1.9722 | 8500 | 0.1935 | - |
|
| 365 |
-
| 2.0 | 8620 | - | 0.6267 |
|
| 366 |
-
| 2.0882 | 9000 | 0.1846 | 0.6282 |
|
| 367 |
-
| 2.2042 | 9500 | 0.1783 | - |
|
| 368 |
-
| 2.3202 | 10000 | 0.1797 | 0.6268 |
|
| 369 |
-
| 2.4362 | 10500 | 0.1817 | - |
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| 370 |
-
| 2.5522 | 11000 | 0.1774 | 0.6317 |
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| 371 |
-
| 2.6682 | 11500 | 0.1776 | - |
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| 372 |
-
| 2.7842 | 12000 | 0.1793 | 0.6325 |
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| 373 |
-
| 2.9002 | 12500 | 0.1758 | - |
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| 374 |
-
| 3.0 | 12930 | - | 0.6326 |
|
| 375 |
-
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| 376 |
-
|
| 377 |
-
### Framework Versions
|
| 378 |
-
- Python: 3.14.2
|
| 379 |
-
- Sentence Transformers: 5.2.2
|
| 380 |
-
- Transformers: 5.1.0
|
| 381 |
-
- PyTorch: 2.10.0
|
| 382 |
-
- Accelerate: 1.12.0
|
| 383 |
-
- Datasets: 4.5.0
|
| 384 |
-
- Tokenizers: 0.22.2
|
| 385 |
-
|
| 386 |
-
## Citation
|
| 387 |
-
|
| 388 |
-
### BibTeX
|
| 389 |
-
|
| 390 |
-
#### Sentence Transformers
|
| 391 |
-
```bibtex
|
| 392 |
-
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
|
| 393 |
-
title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
|
| 394 |
-
author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
|
| 395 |
-
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
|
| 396 |
-
month = "11",
|
| 397 |
-
year = "2019",
|
| 398 |
-
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
|
| 399 |
-
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
|
| 400 |
-
}
|
| 401 |
-
```
|
| 402 |
|
| 403 |
-
|
| 404 |
-
|
| 405 |
-
@misc{hermans2017defense,
|
| 406 |
-
title={In Defense of the Triplet Loss for Person Re-Identification},
|
| 407 |
-
author={Alexander Hermans and Lucas Beyer and Bastian Leibe},
|
| 408 |
-
year={2017},
|
| 409 |
-
eprint={1703.07737},
|
| 410 |
-
archivePrefix={arXiv},
|
| 411 |
-
primaryClass={cs.CV}
|
| 412 |
-
}
|
| 413 |
```
|
| 414 |
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| 415 |
-
|
| 416 |
-
## Glossary
|
| 417 |
-
|
| 418 |
-
*Clearly define terms in order to be accessible across audiences.*
|
| 419 |
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-->
|
| 420 |
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| 421 |
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<!--
|
| 422 |
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## Model Card Authors
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| 423 |
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*Lists the people who create the model card, providing recognition and accountability for the detailed work that goes into its construction.*
|
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-->
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-->
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| 1 |
---
|
| 2 |
+
language: en
|
| 3 |
+
license: mit
|
| 4 |
tags:
|
| 5 |
+
- sentence-transformers
|
| 6 |
+
- bible
|
| 7 |
+
- cross-reference
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| 8 |
+
- semantic-search
|
| 9 |
+
- intertextuality
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| 10 |
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
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| 11 |
library_name: sentence-transformers
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| 12 |
+
base_model: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L12-v2
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| 13 |
+
datasets:
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| 14 |
+
- LoveJesus/intertextual-dataset-chirho
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| 15 |
---
|
| 16 |
|
| 17 |
+
# Intertextual Embedder (MiniLM-L12) - chirho
|
| 18 |
|
| 19 |
+
*For God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life. - John 3:16*
|
| 20 |
|
| 21 |
+
## Description
|
| 22 |
|
| 23 |
+
A sentence transformer fine-tuned for **biblical verse similarity** and **cross-reference discovery**. Given a verse text, it produces a 384-dimensional embedding that places semantically related verses close together in vector space.
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| 24 |
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| 25 |
+
## Training
|
| 26 |
|
| 27 |
+
- **Base model**: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L12-v2
|
| 28 |
+
- **Loss**: Triplet loss (cosine distance, margin=0.5)
|
| 29 |
+
- **Data**: 344,798 triplets from the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (OpenBible.info)
|
| 30 |
+
- Anchor: verse A, Positive: cross-referenced verse B, Negative: hard negative (same-book unrelated verse)
|
| 31 |
+
- **Epochs**: 3
|
| 32 |
+
- **Batch size**: 64
|
| 33 |
+
- **Device**: Apple MPS (M4 Pro)
|
| 34 |
|
| 35 |
+
## Evaluation
|
| 36 |
|
| 37 |
+
- **Triplet ranking accuracy**: 86.75% (positive cross-ref ranked higher than negative)
|
| 38 |
+
- **Separation gap**: 0.4213
|
| 39 |
+
- **Pearson cosine**: 0.6271
|
| 40 |
+
- **Spearman cosine**: 0.6326
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| 41 |
|
| 42 |
## Usage
|
| 43 |
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| 44 |
```python
|
| 45 |
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
|
| 46 |
|
| 47 |
+
model = SentenceTransformer("LoveJesus/intertextual-embedder-chirho")
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|
| 48 |
|
| 49 |
+
verses = [
|
| 50 |
+
"In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.",
|
| 51 |
+
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.",
|
| 52 |
+
"And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground.",
|
| 53 |
+
]
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|
| 54 |
|
| 55 |
+
embeddings = model.encode(verses)
|
| 56 |
+
# embeddings[0] will be closest to embeddings[1] (Gen 1:1 <-> John 1:1)
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|
| 57 |
```
|
| 58 |
|
| 59 |
+
## Part of models-chirho
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|
| 60 |
|
| 61 |
+
This model is part of the [Intertextual Reference Network](https://huggingface.co/LoveJesus) pipeline, paired with:
|
| 62 |
+
- **Classifier**: [LoveJesus/intertextual-classifier-chirho](https://huggingface.co/LoveJesus/intertextual-classifier-chirho)
|
| 63 |
+
- **Dataset**: [LoveJesus/intertextual-dataset-chirho](https://huggingface.co/datasets/LoveJesus/intertextual-dataset-chirho)
|
| 64 |
|
| 65 |
+
Built with love for Jesus by [loveJesus](https://huggingface.co/LoveJesus).
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