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README.md
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| 1 |
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---
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language:
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- as
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- brx
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- en
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- grt
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- hi
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- kha
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- trp
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- mni
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- lus
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- njz
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- njo
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tags:
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- language-identification
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- fasttext
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- northeast-india
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- low-resource
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- multilingual
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license: cc-by-4.0
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metrics:
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- accuracy
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- f1
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library_name: fasttext
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pipeline_tag: text-classification
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model-index:
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- name: NE-LID
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results:
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- task:
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type: text-classification
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name: Language Identification
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metrics:
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- type: accuracy
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value: 99.09
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name: Test Accuracy
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- type: f1
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value: 99
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name: Macro F1-Score
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---
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# NE-LID: Northeast Language Identification
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+

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+

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NE-LID is a **sentence-level language identification model** for low-resource languages of **Northeast India**, trained using a **character n-gram fastText classifier**.
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The model achieves **near-ceiling accuracy (99.1%)** and is designed to be **fast, robust, and reproducible**, especially for script-diverse and low-resource settings.
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---
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## 🌐 Supported Languages (11)
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| Language | Family | Script |
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|----------|--------|--------|
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| Assamese | Indo-Aryan | Bengali-Assamese |
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| Bodo | Tibeto-Burman | Devanagari |
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| English | Germanic | Latin |
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| Garo | Tibeto-Burman | Latin |
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| Hindi | Indo-Aryan | Devanagari |
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| Khasi | Austroasiatic | Latin |
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| Kokborok | Tibeto-Burman | Latin |
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| Meitei | Tibeto-Burman | Bengali |
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| Mizo | Tibeto-Burman | Latin |
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| Naga | Tibeto-Burman | Latin |
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| Nyishi | Tibeto-Burman | Latin |
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---
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## 📊 Model Details
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- **Model type**: fastText supervised classifier
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- **Architecture**: Character n-grams (2–5)
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- **Task**: Sentence-level Language Identification (LID)
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- **Training data**: 22,000 sentences (2,000 per language)
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- **Train / Dev / Test split**: 70% / 15% / 15% (stratified)
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- **Evaluation accuracy**: **99.09%** (macro-F1: 0.99)
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- **Model size**: ~10 MB
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- **Inference speed**: <5ms per sentence
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---
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## 🎯 Why fastText?
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Extensive experiments show that **character-level models outperform transformer-based language models** (e.g., NE-BERT, XLM-R) for Northeast Indian LID.
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**Key findings:**
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- Transformer models (NE-BERT, XLM-R) achieved only 9-37% accuracy on challenging samples
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- fastText maintained 99%+ accuracy even on script-diverse, low-resource languages
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- Character n-grams capture orthographic patterns better than subword tokenization for these languages
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This model therefore prioritizes:
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- ✅ Script awareness
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- ✅ Orthographic cues
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- ✅ Low-resource robustness
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---
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## 📈 Performance
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| Language | Precision | Recall | F1-Score | Support |
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|----------|-----------|--------|----------|---------|
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| Assamese | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 300 |
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| Bodo | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 300 |
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| English | 0.96 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 300 |
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| Garo | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 300 |
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| Hindi | 0.96 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 300 |
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| Khasi | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 300 |
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| Kokborok | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 300 |
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| Meitei | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 300 |
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| Mizo | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 300 |
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| Naga | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 300 |
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| Nyishi | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 300 |
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| **Overall** | **0.99** | **0.99** | **0.99** | **3,300** |
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**Test Accuracy: 99.09%**
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---
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## 🚀 Installation
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```bash
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pip install fasttext
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```
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---
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## 💻 Usage
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### Basic Usage (Python)
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```python
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import fasttext
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# Load the model
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model = fasttext.load_model("ne_lid.bin")
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# Predict language
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text = "Ki paidbah shnong ki la ia shim bynta ha ka jingïalang"
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labels, probs = model.predict(text)
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print(f"Language: {labels[0].replace('__label__', '')}")
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print(f"Confidence: {probs[0]:.4f}")
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```
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**Output:**
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```
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Language: khasi
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Confidence: 0.9999
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```
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### Batch Prediction
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```python
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texts = [
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"Ka sngi ka lieh",
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"আজি মই বজাৰলৈ গৈছিলোঁ",
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"Mizo tawng hi a ṭha hle"
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]
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predictions = model.predict(texts)
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for text, (label, prob) in zip(texts, zip(*predictions)):
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lang = label.replace('__label__', '')
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print(f"{text[:30]:30} → {lang:10} ({prob:.3f})")
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```
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### Get Top-K Predictions
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```python
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# Get top 3 language predictions
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labels, probs = model.predict(text, k=3)
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for label, prob in zip(labels, probs):
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lang = label.replace('__label__', '')
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print(f"{lang}: {prob:.4f}")
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```
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---
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## ⚠️ Limitations
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- **Designed for monolingual sentences** – not optimized for code-mixed text
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- **Sentence-level only** – not designed for word-level or document-level LID
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- **Performance may degrade** on extremely short inputs (≤2 tokens)
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- **English/Hindi confusion** at 96-97% (expected due to loanwords and script overlap)
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---
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## 📦 Model Files
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- `ne_lid.bin` - Main fastText model (binary format)
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- `ne_lid.ftz` - Compressed model (optional, for smaller deployments)
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---
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## 🔬 Training Details
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**Data Sources:**
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- Training corpus derived from NE-BERT dataset
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- 2,000 sentences per language, stratified by length and script
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- Balanced across language families (Austroasiatic, Tibeto-Burman, Indo-Aryan)
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**Hyperparameters:**
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- Learning rate: 0.1
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- Epochs: 25
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- Word n-grams: 1-3
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- Character n-grams: 2-5
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- Loss function: Softmax
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---
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## 📄 License
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This model is released under **Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)**.
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You are free to:
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- ✅ Share — copy and redistribute the material
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- ✅ Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
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Under the following terms:
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- 📌 Attribution — You must give appropriate credit to MWire Labs
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---
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## 📚 Citation
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If you use NE-LID in your research or applications, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@misc{mwirelabs2025nelid,
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title={NE-LID: Northeast Language Identification},
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author={MWire Labs},
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year={2025},
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publisher={HuggingFace},
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howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/MWirelabs/ne-lid}}
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}
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```
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---
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## 🏢 About MWire Labs
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**MWire Labs** is an AI research organization based in Shillong, Meghalaya, India, specializing in language technology for Northeast India's indigenous languages.
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**Repository:** [MWirelabs/ne-lid](https://huggingface.co/MWirelabs/ne-lid)
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**Contact:** [MWire Labs](https://mwirelabs.com)
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---
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## 🙏 Acknowledgments
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We thank the open-source community and contributors to the NE-BERT corpus that made this work possible.
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---
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**Last Updated:** January 2025
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**Version:** 1.0.0
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