model card 1.4.9+3df482785219
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README.md
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---
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license: other
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language: [hi, mr, ne, mai, sa, brx, kok, doi, gu, pa, or, ta, te, kn, ml, mni, bn, as, ur, sd, ks, sat]
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tags: [transliteration, code-mixing, text-to-speech, indic]
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---
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# indictrans: English words in Indian-language text, written in the request's script
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Runtime assets of the code-mix transliteration layer of the Finesse TTS (`utils/codemix_xlit`):
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English words inside Indic text are rewritten in the language's script, spelled the way an
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Indian-English speaker says them, so an Indic voice reads them correctly; text typed entirely in
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Latin is read word by word, the language's own words back into its script. 22 languages (Dogri and
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Santali through the Hindi model).
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Version 1.4.9+3df482785219. Built by `tools/codemix_xlit/build_assets.py`; `manifest.json` lists every file
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with its size and SHA-256.
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## Contents
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- `LICENSE`, `NOTICE`: the licences and attributions below, inside the bundle, so a copy of the folder
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keeps them
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- `model/`: the IndicXlit en->indic v1.0 transformer converted to CTranslate2
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- `lexicon/<code>.reviewed.json`, `lexicon/<code>.generated.json`: reviewed and generated spellings
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- `rescore/`: pruned IndicXlit word-frequency dictionaries
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- `cmudict.json`, `english_*`: English pronunciations, vocabulary and reviewed corrections
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- `indic_words.json`: Indian words read natively; `ranker.json`: candidate ranker
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- `roman/<code>.json`: how people type each language's words in Latin, how often, and the other words
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a typing can be (`alts`)
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- `native_freq/<token>.json`: word frequencies of the eleven languages without a `rescore/` list, for
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the language's own words typed in Latin
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- `roman_ctx/<code>.json`: for typings that are two different words, how often each is seen next to
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the words that tell them apart (sentence context)
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- `names/<code>.json`: Indian given names, surnames and place names typed in Latin and how the language
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writes them (`tools/codemix_xlit/build_names.py`), read for a capitalised word (Sneha स्नेहा, not स्नेह)
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## Sources and licences
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`license: other` because the files carry different licences; each is listed here with its notice.
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- `model/`, `rescore/`, `native_freq/`: the IndicXlit model and word-frequency dictionaries, AI4Bharat,
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MIT licence (https://github.com/AI4Bharat/IndicXlit). Notice:
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> MIT License
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>
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> Copyright (c) 2022 AI4Bhārat
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>
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> Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and
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> associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
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> including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,
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> sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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> furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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>
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> The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
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> substantial portions of the Software.
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>
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> THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT
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> NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
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> NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
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> DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT
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> OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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- `cmudict.json`: the CMU Pronouncing Dictionary (https://github.com/cmusphinx/cmudict), BSD-style
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licence. Notice:
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> Copyright (C) 1993-2015 Carnegie Mellon University. All rights reserved.
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>
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> Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
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> provided that the following conditions are met:
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>
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> 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
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> and the following disclaimer. The contents of this file are deemed to be source code.
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> 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
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> conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
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> with the distribution.
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>
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> This work was supported in part by funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the
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> Office of Naval Research and the National Science Foundation of the United States of America, and
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> by member companies of the Carnegie Mellon Sphinx Speech Consortium. We acknowledge the
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> contributions of many volunteers to the expansion and improvement of this dictionary.
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>
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> THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
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> WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
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> FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY NOR ITS
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> EMPLOYEES BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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> DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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> DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
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> IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
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> OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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- `english_vocab.txt`, `english_pron_vocab.txt`: English word lists derived from wordfreq
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(https://github.com/rspeer/wordfreq), whose data is CC BY-SA 4.0
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(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); these lists are shared under the same licence.
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- `roman/` of bn, gu, hi, kn, ml, mr, pa, sd, ta, te, ur: counts derived from the romanized sentences
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of the Dakshina dataset (Roark et al. 2020, https://github.com/google-research-datasets/dakshina),
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CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); these tables are shared under the
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same licence.
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- `roman_ctx/`: neighbour counts from AI4Bharat Sangraha, verified subset (Khan et al. 2024,
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https://huggingface.co/datasets/ai4bharat/sangraha), CC BY 4.0
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(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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- `names/`: the English and native-script labels of people with Indian citizenship, of the name items
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they carry and of India's states, union territories and places of 100,000 people, from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0
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(https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/), checked against the IndicXlit model above.
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- Lexicons, corrections, ranker and the other romanized tables: derived from the above as described
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below.
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## Who wrote the generated parts
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- `lexicon/<code>.generated.json`: written offline by the layer's own pipeline (`build_assets.py
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lexicon`: IndicXlit's candidates, spellings rendered from the pronunciation, the ranker). Its
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entries that did not read back as the English word, among each language's 5,000 most frequent,
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were reviewed by the LLM graders below and the errors corrected in the reviewed lexicon.
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- `english_extra_prons.json` (Indian-English readings of words the CMU dictionary lacks: names,
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brands, foreign words), `english_pron_overrides.json`, `indic_words.json`, the gold spellings in
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`lexicon/<code>.reviewed.json`, and the everyday words in `roman/`: written by a large language
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model, run as per-language writer and grader agents under fixed spelling conventions. They were
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reviewed by further agents of the same model (a reading is read
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back against the English pronunciation; a spelling is graded C/A/W blind against plain
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IndicXlit's). Two independent graders agreed on 96.2-97.7% of labels.
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- `ranker.json`: fitted on those graders' labels.
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- The accuracy figures published for this bundle come from the same model graders. **No native
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speaker has reviewed any of these files yet**; treat them as unverified for external claims.
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