"""
Tab & Chord Generation Module for TouchGrass.
Generates guitar tabs, chord diagrams, and validates musical correctness.
"""

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from typing import Optional, Tuple, List, Dict


class TabChordModule(nn.Module):
    """
    Generates and validates guitar tabs and chord diagrams.
    
    Features:
    - Generates ASCII tablature for guitar, bass, ukulele
    - Creates chord diagrams in standard format
    - Validates musical correctness (fret ranges, string counts)
    - Difficulty-aware: suggests easier voicings for beginners
    - Supports multiple tunings
    """

    # Standard tunings
    STANDARD_TUNING = ["E2", "A2", "D3", "G3", "B3", "E4"]  # Guitar
    BASS_TUNING = ["E1", "A1", "D2", "G2"]
    UKULELE_TUNING = ["G4", "C4", "E4", "A4"]
    DROP_D_TUNING = ["D2", "A2", "D3", "G3", "B3", "E4"]
    OPEN_G_TUNING = ["D2", "G2", "D3", "G3", "B3", "D4"]

    # Fretboard limits
    MAX_FRET = 24
    OPEN_FRET = 0
    MUTED_FRET = -1

    def __init__(self, d_model: int, num_strings: int = 6, num_frets: int = 24):
        """
        Initialize TabChordModule.

        Args:
            d_model: Hidden dimension from base model
            num_strings: Number of strings (6 for guitar, 4 for bass)
            num_frets: Number of frets (typically 24)
        """
        super().__init__()
        self.d_model = d_model
        self.num_strings = num_strings
        self.num_frets = num_frets

        # Embeddings
        self.string_embed = nn.Embedding(num_strings, 64)
        self.fret_embed = nn.Embedding(num_frets + 2, 64)  # +2 for open/muted

        # Tab validator head
        self.tab_validator = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(d_model, 128),
            nn.ReLU(),
            nn.Linear(128, 1),
            nn.Sigmoid()
        )

        # Difficulty classifier (beginner/intermediate/advanced)
        self.difficulty_head = nn.Linear(d_model, 3)

        # Instrument type embedder
        self.instrument_embed = nn.Embedding(8, 64)  # guitar/bass/ukulele/piano/etc

        # Fret position predictor for tab generation
        self.fret_predictor = nn.Linear(d_model + 128, num_frets + 2)

        # Tab sequence generator (for multi-token tab output)
        self.tab_generator = nn.GRU(
            input_size=d_model + 64,  # hidden + string embedding
            hidden_size=d_model,
            num_layers=1,
            batch_first=True,
        )

        # Chord quality classifier (major, minor, dim, aug, etc.)
        self.chord_quality_head = nn.Linear(d_model, 8)

        # Root note predictor (12 chromatic notes)
        self.root_note_head = nn.Linear(d_model, 12)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        instrument: str = "guitar",
        skill_level: str = "intermediate",
        generate_tab: bool = False,
    ) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
        """
        Forward pass through TabChordModule.

        Args:
            hidden_states: Base model hidden states [batch, seq_len, d_model]
            instrument: Instrument type ("guitar", "bass", "ukulele")
            skill_level: "beginner", "intermediate", or "advanced"
            generate_tab: Whether to generate tab sequences

        Returns:
            Dictionary with tab_validity, difficulty_logits, fret_predictions, etc.
        """
        batch_size, seq_len, _ = hidden_states.shape

        # Pool hidden states
        pooled = hidden_states.mean(dim=1)  # [batch, d_model]

        # Validate tab
        tab_validity = self.tab_validator(pooled)  # [batch, 1]

        # Predict difficulty
        difficulty_logits = self.difficulty_head(pooled)  # [batch, 3]

        # Predict chord quality and root note
        chord_quality_logits = self.chord_quality_head(pooled)  # [batch, 8]
        root_note_logits = self.root_note_head(pooled)  # [batch, 12]

        outputs = {
            "tab_validity": tab_validity,
            "difficulty_logits": difficulty_logits,
            "chord_quality_logits": chord_quality_logits,
            "root_note_logits": root_note_logits,
        }

        if generate_tab:
            # Generate tab sequence
            tab_seq = self._generate_tab_sequence(hidden_states, instrument)
            outputs["tab_sequence"] = tab_seq

        return outputs

    def _generate_tab_sequence(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        instrument: str,
        max_length: int = 100,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Generate tab sequence using GRU decoder.

        Args:
            hidden_states: Base model hidden states
            instrument: Instrument type
            max_length: Maximum tab sequence length

        Returns:
            Generated tab token sequence
        """
        batch_size, seq_len, d_model = hidden_states.shape

        # Get instrument embedding
        instrument_idx = self._instrument_to_idx(instrument)
        instrument_emb = self.instrument_embed(
            torch.tensor([instrument_idx], device=hidden_states.device)
        ).unsqueeze(0).expand(batch_size, -1)  # [batch, 64]

        # Initialize GRU hidden state
        h0 = hidden_states.mean(dim=1, keepdim=True).transpose(0, 1)  # [1, batch, d_model]

        # Generate tokens auto-regressively
        generated = []
        input_emb = hidden_states[:, 0:1, :]  # Start with first token

        for _ in range(max_length):
            # Concatenate instrument embedding
            input_with_instr = torch.cat([input_emb, instrument_emb.unsqueeze(1)], dim=2)

            # GRU step
            output, h0 = self.tab_generator(input_with_instr, h0)

            # Predict fret positions
            fret_logits = self.fret_predictor(output)  # [batch, 1, num_frets+2]
            next_token = fret_logits.argmax(dim=-1)  # [batch, 1]

            generated.append(next_token.squeeze(1))

            # Next input is predicted token embedding
            input_emb = self.fret_embed(next_token)

        return torch.stack(generated, dim=1)  # [batch, max_length]

    def _instrument_to_idx(self, instrument: str) -> int:
        """Convert instrument name to index."""
        mapping = {
            "guitar": 0,
            "bass": 1,
            "ukulele": 2,
            "piano": 3,
            "drums": 4,
            "vocals": 5,
            "theory": 6,
            "dj": 7,
        }
        return mapping.get(instrument, 0)

    def validate_tab(
        self,
        tab_strings: List[List[str]],
        instrument: str = "guitar",
    ) -> Tuple[bool, List[str]]:
        """
        Validate ASCII tab for musical correctness.

        Args:
            tab_strings: List of tab rows (6 strings for guitar)
            instrument: Instrument type

        Returns:
            (is_valid, error_messages)
        """
        errors = []

        # Check number of strings
        expected_strings = self._get_expected_strings(instrument)
        if len(tab_strings) != expected_strings:
            errors.append(f"Expected {expected_strings} strings, got {len(tab_strings)}")

        # Validate each string
        for i, string_row in enumerate(tab_strings):
            # Check format (e.g., "e|--3--|")
            if not self._validate_tab_row(string_row, i, instrument):
                errors.append(f"Invalid format on string {i}: {string_row}")

        # Check for musical consistency
        if not self._check_musical_consistency(tab_strings):
            errors.append("Tab has musical inconsistencies (impossible fingering)")

        return len(errors) == 0, errors

    def _get_expected_strings(self, instrument: str) -> int:
        """Get expected number of strings for instrument."""
        mapping = {
            "guitar": 6,
            "bass": 4,
            "ukulele": 4,
        }
        return mapping.get(instrument, 6)

    def _validate_tab_row(self, row: str, string_idx: int, instrument: str) -> bool:
        """Validate a single tab row."""
        # Basic format check: should have string label and pipe separators
        if "|" not in row:
            return False

        # Extract fret numbers
        parts = row.split("|")
        if len(parts) < 2:
            return False

        # Check fret values are in valid range
        for part in parts[1:-1]:  # Skip string label and last pipe
            if part.strip():
                try:
                    fret = int(part.strip().replace("-", ""))
                    if fret < 0 or fret > self.MAX_FRET:
                        return False
                except ValueError:
                    # Could be 'x' for muted
                    if part.strip().lower() != "x":
                        return False

        return True

    def _check_musical_consistency(self, tab_strings: List[List[str]]) -> bool:
        """
        Check if tab is musically possible (basic checks).
        - No impossible stretches
        - Open strings are marked as 0
        """
        # Simplified check: ensure all fret numbers are within range
        for string_row in tab_strings:
            for part in string_row.split("|")[1:-1]:
                fret_str = part.strip().replace("-", "")
                if fret_str and fret_str.lower() != "x":
                    try:
                        fret = int(fret_str)
                        if fret < 0 or fret > self.MAX_FRET:
                            return False
                    except ValueError:
                        return False
        return True

    def format_tab(
        self,
        frets: List[List[int]],
        instrument: str = "guitar",
        tuning: List[str] = None,
    ) -> List[str]:
        """
        Format fret positions into ASCII tab.

        Args:
            frets: List of [num_strings] lists with fret numbers (0=open, -1=muted)
            instrument: Instrument type
            tuning: Optional custom tuning labels

        Returns:
            List of formatted tab strings
        """
        if tuning is None:
            tuning = self.STANDARD_TUNING

        tab_strings = []
        string_labels = ["e", "B", "G", "D", "A", "E"]  # High to low

        for i, (label, fret_row) in enumerate(zip(string_labels, frets)):
            # Build tab row: "e|--3--|"
            row = f"{label}|"
            for fret in fret_row:
                if fret == -1:
                    row += "x-"
                elif fret == 0:
                    row += "0-"
                else:
                    row += f"{fret}-"
            row += "|"
            tab_strings.append(row)

        return tab_strings

    def format_chord(
        self,
        frets: List[int],
        instrument: str = "guitar",
    ) -> str:
        """
        Format chord as compact diagram.

        Args:
            frets: List of fret numbers for each string (low to high)
            instrument: Instrument type

        Returns:
            Chord string (e.g., "320003" for G major)
        """
        # Format as: 320003 (from low E to high e)
        return "".join(str(fret) if fret >= 0 else "x" for fret in frets)

    def parse_chord(self, chord_str: str) -> List[int]:
        """
        Parse chord string to fret positions.

        Args:
            chord_str: Chord string like "320003" or "x32010"

        Returns:
            List of fret positions
        """
        frets = []
        for char in chord_str:
            if char.lower() == "x":
                frets.append(-1)
            else:
                frets.append(int(char))
        return frets

    def suggest_easier_voicing(
        self,
        chord_frets: List[int],
        skill_level: str = "beginner",
    ) -> List[int]:
        """
        Suggest easier chord voicing for beginners.

        Args:
            chord_frets: Original chord frets
            skill_level: Target skill level

        Returns:
            Simplified chord frets
        """
        if skill_level != "beginner":
            return chord_frets

        # Simplify: reduce barre chords, avoid wide stretches
        simplified = chord_frets.copy()

        # Count barre (same fret on multiple strings)
        fret_counts = {}
        for fret in chord_frets:
            if fret > 0:
                fret_counts[fret] = fret_counts.get(fret, 0) + 1

        # If barre detected (3+ strings on same fret), try to simplify
        for fret, count in fret_counts.items():
            if count >= 3:
                # Replace some with open strings if possible
                for i, f in enumerate(simplified):
                    if f == fret and i % 2 == 0:  # Every other string
                        simplified[i] = 0  # Open string

        return simplified


def test_tab_chord_module():
    """Test the TabChordModule."""
    import torch

    # Create module
    module = TabChordModule(d_model=4096, num_strings=6, num_frets=24)

    # Test input
    batch_size = 2
    seq_len = 10
    d_model = 4096
    hidden_states = torch.randn(batch_size, seq_len, d_model)

    # Forward pass
    outputs = module.forward(
        hidden_states,
        instrument="guitar",
        skill_level="beginner",
        generate_tab=True,
    )

    print("Outputs:")
    for key, value in outputs.items():
        if isinstance(value, torch.Tensor):
            print(f"  {key}: {value.shape}")
        else:
            print(f"  {key}: {value}")

    # Test tab formatting
    frets = [[3, 3, 0, 0, 2, 3]]  # G chord
    tab = module.format_tab(frets, instrument="guitar")
    print("\nFormatted tab:")
    for line in tab:
        print(f"  {line}")

    # Test chord formatting
    chord = module.format_chord([3, 2, 0, 0, 3, 3])
    print(f"\nChord: {chord}")

    # Test validation
    is_valid, errors = module.validate_tab(tab, instrument="guitar")
    print(f"\nTab valid: {is_valid}")
    if errors:
        print(f"Errors: {errors}")

    print("\nTabChordModule test complete!")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    test_tab_chord_module()