README.md

# Research Articles by Furkan Gözükara

A curated collection of research articles and theses by **Furkan Gözükara** and collaborators, spanning **2012-2025**.

- Furkan Gözükara on X : https://x.com/FurkanGozukara
- Furkan Gözükara on Google Scholar : https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=list_works&hl=en&hl=en&user=_2_KAUsAAAAJ
- Furkan Gözükara on LinkedIn : https://www.linkedin.com/in/furkangozukara/
- Furkan Gözükara on YouTube : https://www.youtube.com/SECourses
- Furkan Gözükara on Medium : https://medium.com/@furkangozukara

## At a Glance

- **10 works** across journal articles, an MSc thesis, and a PhD thesis
- Core themes: **product search**, **record linkage**, **focused web crawling**, **sentiment analysis**, **cyber forensics**, and **human-computer interaction**
- Includes both **method papers** and **full-system theses** that connect crawling, normalization, matching, ranking, and evaluation

## Research Themes

- E-commerce search, comparison shopping, and product intelligence
- Product identity clustering, record linkage, and noisy-data normalization
- Focused web crawling and large-scale data extraction
- Sentiment analysis for Turkish and English text
- Cyber forensics and evidentiary risk analysis
- Air-writing recognition and human-computer interaction

## Quick Index

| Year | Title | PDF | Type | Venue / Source | Focus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | [Letter and Person Recognition in Freeform Air-Writing Using Machine Learning Algorithms](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/Letter_and_Person_Recognition_in_Freeform_Air-Writing_Using_Machine_Learning_Algorithms.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Letter_and_Person_Recognition_in_Freeform_Air-Writing_Using_Machine_Learning_Algorithms.pdf) | Journal article | IEEE Access, Vol. 13 | Air-writing, person recognition |
| 2021 | [An Incremental Hierarchical Clustering Based System For Record Linkage In E-Commerce Domain](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/An_Incremental_Hierarchical_Clustering_Based_System_For_Record_Linkage_In_E-Commerce_Domain.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/An_Incremental_Hierarchical_Clustering_Based_System_For_Record_Linkage_In_E-Commerce_Domain.pdf) | Journal article | The Computer Journal *(uploaded PDF is an advance-article version)* | Record linkage, product matching |
| 2021 | [Challenges and Possible Severe Legal Consequences of Application Users Identification from CNG-Logs](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/Challenges_And_Possible_Severe_Legal_Consequences_Of_Application_Users_Identification_From_Cng-Logs.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Challenges_And_Possible_Severe_Legal_Consequences_Of_Application_Users_Identification_From_Cng-Logs.pdf) | Journal article | Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, Vol. 39 | CGNAT / cyber forensics |
| 2017 | [Efficient Feature Selection for Product Labeling over Unstructured Data](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/Efficient_Feature_Selection_For_Product_Labeling_Over_Unstructured_Data.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Efficient_Feature_Selection_For_Product_Labeling_Over_Unstructured_Data.pdf) | Journal article | IJACSA, Vol. 8, No. 7 | Feature selection, clustering |
| 2017 | [Focused Web Crawler Development Challenges: ECCrawler](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/Focused_Web_Crawler_Development_Challenges_Eccrawler.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Focused_Web_Crawler_Development_Challenges_Eccrawler.pdf) | Journal article | International Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, Vol. 6, Issue 1 | Focused crawling, systems engineering |
| 2016 | [An Experimental Investigation of Document Vector Computation Methods for Sentiment Analysis of Turkish and English Reviews](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/An_Experimental_Investigation_Of_Document_Vector_Computation_Methods_For_Sentiment_Analysis_Of_Turkish_And_English_Reviews.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/An_Experimental_Investigation_Of_Document_Vector_Computation_Methods_For_Sentiment_Analysis_Of_Turkish_And_English_Reviews.pdf) | Journal article | Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 31, No. 2 | Sentiment analysis |
| 2016 | [A Product Search Engine Supporting "Best Product" Queries](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/A_Product_Search_Engine_Supporting_Best_Product_Queries.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/A_Product_Search_Engine_Supporting_Best_Product_Queries.pdf) | Journal article | Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 31, Special Issue 2 | Product ranking, query processing |
| 2016 | [Product Search Engine Using Product Name Recognition and Sentiment Analysis](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/Product_Search_Engine_Using_Product_Name_Recognition_And_Sentiment_Analysis.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Product_Search_Engine_Using_Product_Name_Recognition_And_Sentiment_Analysis.pdf) | PhD thesis | Çukurova University | Full product-search-engine architecture |
| 2015 | [New Metrics for Clustering of Identical Products over Imperfect Data](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/New_Metrics_For_Clustering_Of_Identical_Products_Over_Imperfect_Data.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/New_Metrics_For_Clustering_Of_Identical_Products_Over_Imperfect_Data.pdf) | Journal article | Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Vol. 23, No. 4 | Similarity metrics, evaluation |
| 2012 | [Fiyat Karşılaştırmalı Ürün Arama Motoru Geliştirme](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/blob/main/Fiyat_Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1la%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmal%C4%B1_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn_Arama_Motoru_Geli%C5%9Ftirme.pdf) | [PDF](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Fiyat_Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1la%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmal%C4%B1_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn_Arama_Motoru_Geli%C5%9Ftirme.pdf) | MSc thesis | Mersin University | Price-comparison search engine |

## Detailed Timeline

<a id="2025-air-writing"></a>

### 2025 - [Letter and Person Recognition in Freeform Air-Writing Using Machine Learning Algorithms](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Letter_and_Person_Recognition_in_Freeform_Air-Writing_Using_Machine_Learning_Algorithms.pdf)

**Type:** Journal article  
**Venue:** IEEE Access, Vol. 13  
**Focus:** Air-writing, letter recognition, person recognition, IMU-based interaction

This paper introduces a wearable-glove pipeline for **freeform air-writing analysis** that jointly models **letter recognition** and **writer recognition**. It uses IMU signals, Fourier and wavelet feature extraction, and multiple machine-learning baselines, while also contributing a **public Turkish alphabet air-writing dataset**. The study reports that **SubSpace KNN** performs best under the tested settings.

<a id="2021-record-linkage"></a>

### 2021 - [An Incremental Hierarchical Clustering Based System For Record Linkage In E-Commerce Domain](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/An_Incremental_Hierarchical_Clustering_Based_System_For_Record_Linkage_In_E-Commerce_Domain.pdf)

**Type:** Journal article  
**Venue:** The Computer Journal *(the uploaded PDF is an advance-article version dated 2021 rather than a later issue-formatted PDF)*  
**Focus:** Record linkage, incremental clustering, product-title matching

This work presents a **dynamic / incremental Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering (HAC)** system for grouping identical products crawled from different e-commerce websites. The method uses **bag-of-words title representations**, **domain-specific matching / filtering**, and **ELKI-based evaluation**, and reports **96.25% F-measure** on the experimental setup. The paper also emphasizes **dataset release** and evaluation reproducibility.

<a id="2021-cgn-logs"></a>

### 2021 - [Challenges and Possible Severe Legal Consequences of Application Users Identification from CNG-Logs](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Challenges_And_Possible_Severe_Legal_Consequences_Of_Application_Users_Identification_From_Cng-Logs.pdf)

**Type:** Journal article  
**Venue:** Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, Vol. 39  
**Focus:** CGNAT, reverse tracking, cyber forensics, evidentiary risk

This paper studies how **carrier-grade NAT / CGNAT logs** can be misused in reverse-tracking workflows and how such misuse can lead to **false attribution** in criminal investigations. Using the **ByLock** case context in Turkey and a comparison with **EncroChat**, it analyzes the technical and legal consequences of flawed identification pipelines.

<a id="2017-feature-selection"></a>

### 2017 - [Efficient Feature Selection for Product Labeling over Unstructured Data](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Efficient_Feature_Selection_For_Product_Labeling_Over_Unstructured_Data.pdf)

**Type:** Journal article  
**Venue:** International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA), Vol. 8, No. 7  
**Focus:** Feature selection, product labeling, clustering under unstructured data

This study proposes a **feature-selection algorithm** for labeling identical products collected from noisy, heterogeneous web sources. The paper frames product labeling as a **clustering problem over unstructured feature vectors** and shows that the proposed method improves clustering quality compared with baseline approaches.

<a id="2017-eccrawler"></a>

### 2017 - [Focused Web Crawler Development Challenges: ECCrawler](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Focused_Web_Crawler_Development_Challenges_Eccrawler.pdf)

**Type:** Journal article  
**Venue:** International Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, Vol. 6, Issue 1  
**Focus:** Focused crawling, multithreading, .NET systems engineering

This paper documents the engineering of **EcCrawler**, a hand-crafted focused crawler for e-commerce websites built with **C#**, **.NET 4.5**, and **MS-SQL Server 2014**. It focuses on practical implementation topics such as **threading**, **exception handling**, **HTTP compression**, **duplicate handling**, and **database communication**, and reports **over 400% crawling-speed improvement** and **over 100% UI-responsiveness improvement** from the proposed optimizations.

<a id="2016-document-vectors"></a>

### 2016 - [An Experimental Investigation of Document Vector Computation Methods for Sentiment Analysis of Turkish and English Reviews](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/An_Experimental_Investigation_Of_Document_Vector_Computation_Methods_For_Sentiment_Analysis_Of_Turkish_And_English_Reviews.pdf)

**Type:** Journal article  
**Venue:** Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 31, No. 2  
**Focus:** Sentiment analysis, vectorization, feature selection, Turkish and English reviews

This article compares **document-vector construction choices** for sentiment analysis, including **TF / TF-IDF variants**, **tokenization**, **feature selection**, **preprocessing**, and **vector normalization** under an **SVM** classifier. On the collected Turkish product-reviews dataset, it reports a best result of **91.33% accuracy**.

<a id="2016-best-product-queries"></a>

### 2016 - [A Product Search Engine Supporting "Best Product" Queries](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/A_Product_Search_Engine_Supporting_Best_Product_Queries.pdf)

**Type:** Journal article  
**Venue:** Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 31, Special Issue 2  
**Focus:** Product ranking, comparison shopping, query processing

This work presents a product-search-engine system that supports **"find the best products for a given category"** queries. The system integrates a **focused crawler**, **record linkage**, **sentiment analysis**, and a **query engine**, and reports **96.25% F-measure** in record linkage together with **100% precision** in the evaluated most-related-products search setting.

<a id="2016-product-search-thesis"></a>

### 2016 - [Product Search Engine Using Product Name Recognition and Sentiment Analysis](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Product_Search_Engine_Using_Product_Name_Recognition_And_Sentiment_Analysis.pdf)

**Type:** PhD thesis  
**Institution:** Çukurova University, Department of Computer Engineering  
**Focus:** End-to-end product search engine architecture

This dissertation brings the main threads of the repository together into a **full product search engine**: focused crawling, product-name matching / record linkage, sentiment analysis, and a user-facing search system. The abstract reports **472% crawler performance boost**, **91.08% sentiment-analysis accuracy**, **96.25% F-measure** for record linkage, and **100% precision** for most-related-products search in the thesis setup.

<a id="2015-clustering-metrics"></a>

### 2015 - [New Metrics for Clustering of Identical Products over Imperfect Data](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/New_Metrics_For_Clustering_Of_Identical_Products_Over_Imperfect_Data.pdf)

**Type:** Journal article  
**Venue:** Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Vol. 23, No. 4  
**Focus:** Similarity metrics, performance metrics, imperfect web-crawled product data

This paper formalizes **product identity-clustering** for web-crawled commercial products described by noisy, incomplete, and structurally inconsistent data. It proposes **new similarity metrics** and **new evaluation metrics** for this setting and shows that legacy measures such as Euclidean and cosine similarity are weaker on the tested product-clustering problem.

<a id="2012-msc-thesis"></a>

### 2012 - [Fiyat Karşılaştırmalı Ürün Arama Motoru Geliştirme](https://huggingface.co/MonsterMMORPG/ResearchArticles/resolve/main/Fiyat_Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1la%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmal%C4%B1_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn_Arama_Motoru_Geli%C5%9Ftirme.pdf)

**Type:** MSc thesis  
**Institution:** Mersin University, Department of Computer Engineering  
**Focus:** Price-comparison search, normalization, feature extraction, clustering

This master's thesis lays the early foundation for a **price-comparison product search engine**. It covers **focused collection of product data**, **noise removal / normalization**, **feature-vector extraction**, and **clustering of identical products** across sources, and it also includes an English abstract under the title **"Developing Product Price Comparison Search Engine."**