Choices:
- energy for photosynthesis
- pest control
- carbon dioxide
- oxygen

Question: Question: Animals depend on plants for many things, including food. What do plants depend on from animals?


Choices:
- the Moon has a smaller surface area than Earth.
- the mass of an object on Earth is greater than on the Moon.
- the gravitational field of the Moon is less than that of Earth.
- the atmosphere of the Moon is much thinner than that of Earth.

Question: Question: Less force is required to launch a spaceship from the surface of the Moon than to launch an identical ship from the surface of Earth because


Choices:
- an earthquake
- a landslide
- a volcano
- an avalanche

Question: Question: Two of Earth's plates pushed together, and the ground moved. What happened?


Choices:
- lakes
- deserts
- volcanic necks
- V-shaped valleys

Question: Question: Which of these were formed by glaciers that flowed through the Ruby Mountain region in northeastern Nevada?


Choices:
- cell wall
- chloroplast
- mitochondrion
- nucleus

Question: Question: A student prepared the following list of characteristics about a cellular organelle. present in animal cells present in plant cells helps make energy available to the cell Which of the following cellular structures is the student describing?


Choices:
- the ability to store water
- the ability to attract insects
- the ability to stop predators
- the ability to drop its leaves

Question: Question: Brian knows deserts get less rain than other ecosystems. However, he also knows that plants can survive in the desert. Which characteristic of a plant most likely helps it live in a desert?


Choices:
- Space is limited for growth.
- The quality of light is low.
- Soil must be created.
- Minerals are destroyed.

Question: Question: After a volcanic eruption, it takes a long time for large ecosystems to fully recover. Which statement best explains why the development takes so long?


Choices:
- electrons in the outer shell.
- neutrons in the outer shell.
- electrons in the nucleus.
- protons in the nucleus.

Question: Question: The atomic number of an element refers to the number of


Choices:
- The energy is stored as food.
- The energy is dissipated as heat.
- The energy is trapped in dead organisms.
- The energy is moved to another ecosystem.

Question: Question: In an ecosystem, not all of the energy that is available is used by the organisms. Some energy becomes unavailable before it can be transferred to organisms in the next trophic level. How does the energy most likely become unavailable?


Choices:
- tides
- seasons
- weather
- gravity

Question: Question: Which of the following is a direct result of Earth's tilt on its axis?


Choices:
- Drinking water after exercise allows the body to sleep.
- Drinking water after exercise helps to replace lost fluids.
- Drinking water before exercise helps increase the heart rate.
- Drinking water before exercise prevents the body from sweating.

Question: Question: Tony always drinks water before and after his long bike rides. Why does his body need water when he exercises?


Choices:
- has an odor.
- has separate parts.
- can make a noise and has a lifelike color.
- carries out basic life functions.

Question: Question: On a field trip in a wooded area, you see a small, strange object. You wonder whether is is a live animal. The best way to find out is to observe the object to see if it


Choices:
- Its color changed.
- Its mass increased.
- Its volume stayed the same.
- Its temperature quickly increased.

Question: Question: Liquid cooking oil was poured into a container. Which statement best describes a property of the cooking oil after it was poured into the container?


Choices:
- Convection in the atmosphere causes a change in air density, resulting in winds.
- Conduction through the atmosphere causes evaporation to occur over oceans, resulting in rain.
- Radiation from the Sun will reflect through the atmosphere back into space resulting in cooler evenings.
- Radiation from the Sun will cause atmospheric moisture to collect over mountain ranges resulting in snowfall.

Question: Question: The Sun heats the atmosphere of Earth unevenly. Which of the following is the most likely result of this uneven heating?


Choices:
- 4 m/s^2
- 15 m/s^2
- 25 m/s^2
- 100 m/s^2

Question: Question: A 20-N force acts on a 5-kg object at rest. How fast will the object accelerate on a frictionless surface?


Choices:
- help patients spend less time in the emergency room.
- aid research students who are studying complex organisms.
- help make medicines from newly discovered plants.
- develop specialized antibiotics that are directed at single-celled organisms.

Question: Question: Increasing and revising scientific knowledge of different types of bacteria will most likely enable scientists to develop ways to


Choices:
- sperm
- nutrients
- fertilized eggs
- sex cells

Question: Question: What are produced in both the male and female reproductive systems in humans?


Choices:
- numerous park areas
- frequent trash recycling
- efficient public transportation
- effective street lighting

Question: Question: The burning of fossil fuels in cities results in high levels of air pollution. Which urban design would best help reduce air pollution?


Choices:
- dimples
- scrapes
- short hair
- dirty fingernails

Question: Question: Which is an inherited trait?


Choices:
- They both take in water from the soil.
- They both transport materials through the plant.
- They both make sugar in the leaves.
- They both store waste products in the plant cells.

Question: Question: How is xylem similar to phloem in a plant?


Choices:
- air
- gasoline
- trees
- water

Question: Question: In a recycling program, people can separate paper from their other trash. The paper is sent to factories and turned into new products. What does paper recycling help conserve the most?


Choices:
- tides
- gravity
- the sun
- the moon

Question: Question: Water cycles through three states of matter on Earth. What has the greatest effect on the state of matter of water?


Choices:
- lakes
- forests
- mountains
- clouds

Question: Question: Which physical feature exists both on Earth and on the Moon?


Choices:
- They die with the animal or plant.
- They evaporate into the atmosphere.
- They are recycled back into the environment.
- They change into different elements.

Question: Question: Animals and plants are made up of a number of different chemical elements. What happens to all of these elements when animals and plants die?


Choices:
- Rocks are made of one or more minerals.
- Rocks are made of two or more elements.
- Rocks are made of magma and sediments.
- Rocks are made of sand changed by pressure.

Question: Question: Students are comparing different rocks. What do all rocks have in common?


Choices:
- increased fish populations
- more biodiversity over time
- less oxygen available for fish
- reduced water levels

Question: Question: What is the most likely result of large-scale agricultural fertilization on aquatic systems?


Choices:
- melting and cooling
- heating and pressure
- weathering and erosion
- crystallization and cooling

Question: Question: In order for magma to be converted to igneous rock, which actions must occur?


Choices:
- food chain
- life cycle
- food supply
- life span

Question: Question: Trees start as seeds and grow into mature trees that produce more seeds. This pattern represents a


Choices:
- cell -> organ -> tissue -> organ system
- organ system -> cell -> tissue -> organ
- tissue -> organ -> organ system -> cell
- cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system

Question: Question: Which sequence identifies the levels of organization of body structures in a human from simplest to most complex?


Choices:
- the nucleus
- a ribosome
- a mitochondrion
- the Golgi apparatus

Question: Question: A cell completes the synthesization of a protein by adding a carbohydrate to the protein's structure. At which site in the cell is the carbohydrate added?


Choices:
- electrons.
- isotopes.
- molecules.
- protons.

Question: Question: All atoms of an element have in their nuclei the same number of


Choices:
- electrical
- light
- mechanical
- wind

Question: Question: Henry learned that without the right kind of energy, plants cannot survive. What form of energy is used by plants to perform photosynthesis?


Choices:
- the division of cells in the plant
- the release of oxygen from the plant
- the absorption of carbon dioxide in the stem
- the transportation of nutrients from the roots

Question: Question: As a corn plant ages, its leaves grow. Which process is directly responsible for the growth of these leaves?


Choices:
- Newton
- Dalton
- Galileo
- Copernicus

Question: Question: Which scientist is best known for research that led to the modern understanding of the atom?


Choices:
- digestive
- excretory
- immune
- respiratory

Question: Question: Which body system typically recognizes, attacks, and destroys foreign cells or substances that may cause disease?


Choices:
- semipermeable
- impervious
- resilient
- unyielding

Question: Question: Cell membranes allow some molecules to move freely across the membrane, while other molecules are restricted. Which term best describes this capability of a cell membrane?


Choices:
- Heat flows from the tea to the ice.
- Cold flows from the ice to the tea.
- Cold flows from the ice, and heat flows from the tea.
- Heat flows simultaneously between the ice and the tea.

Question: Question: Which statement describes the transfer of energy when an ice cube is placed in a cup of hot tea?


Choices:
- mutualism
- predation
- parasitism
- coexistence

Question: Question: Which is the most cooperative relationship between species?


Choices:
- learned behavior.
- adaptive behavior.
- inherited behavior.
- instinctive behavior.

Question: Question: A dog rolls over and receives a treat. The dog rolls over again. This is an example of


Choices:
- igneous
- metallic
- metamorphic
- sedimentary

Question: Question: Which type of rock is formed when particles are compacted and cemented together?


Choices:
- Both are forces.
- Both affect weather.
- Both form new kinds of rock.
- Both are forms of weathering.

Question: Question: Tree roots can grow into rock and break it apart. Water can freeze in the cracks of rock, causing it to break apart. How are these two processes alike?


Choices:
- ice melting
- ice sublimating
- water evaporating
- water freezing

Question: Question: Energy is absorbed and released through endothermic and exothermic processes. Which is an example of an exothermic process?


Choices:
- oceans
- rivers
- lakes
- polar ice caps

Question: Question: Where is most fresh (non-salty) water on Earth located?


Choices:
- compounds.
- atoms.
- protons.
- ions.

Question: Question: When a molecule is separated into its component parts, it forms


Choices:
- a planet
- a comet
- a moon
- a star

Question: Question: The universe is believed to be approximately 14 billion years old. As a result of gravitational attraction, which most likely developed first after the Big Bang?


Choices:
- to move water throughout the body
- to provide structural support for the body
- to eliminate waste from the body
- to transport gases throughout the body

Question: Question: Which is a function of the cardiovascular system?


Choices:
- will be genetically identical to the parent plant.
- will be better able to adapt to the environment.
- will have half the genetic materials of the parent plant.
- will have twice the genetic materials of the parent plant.

Question: Question: When a fern reproduces with spores, the offspring


Choices:
- precipitation.
- evaporation.
- condensation.
- translation.

Question: Question: The process of water changing from its liquid state to a gas in the water cycle is known as


Choices:
- across a permeable membrane that separates solutions of the same concentration
- across a permeable membrane that separates solutions of different concentrations
- across a nonpermeable membrane that separates solutions of the same concentration
- across a nonpermeable membrane that separates solutions of different concentrations

Question: Question: In which situation would osmosis most likely occur in cells?


Choices:
- goggles
- binoculars
- sunglasses
- microscope

Question: Question: A scientist is watching birds from far away. Which object is the scientist most likely using to watch the birds?


Choices:
- structure of Earth's interior
- depth of the oceans
- cause of dinosaur extinction
- age of Earth

Question: Question: Studies of earthquake waves have helped scientists determine the


Choices:
- catching food.
- preventing water loss.
- staying in place.
- reproducing.

Question: Question: Needles on a cactus plant are actually leaves. This needle shape helps the plant survive by


Choices:
- leaves
- moisture
- vegetables
- microorganisms

Question: Question: Compost piles have many parts, such as leaves, moisture, vegetables, and microorganisms. Which part of a compost pile breaks down materials and adds nutrients to the soil?


Choices:
- an upward force equal to the weight of the wood.
- a downward force equal to the weight of the wood.
- an upward force equal to the weight of the displacement water.
- a downward force equal to the weight of the displacement water.

Question: Question: A piece of pine wood floats on the surface of a lake because the water exerts


Choices:
- helium.
- sodium.
- copper.
- carbon.

Question: Question: All living things contain which element?


Choices:
- the time to begin
- the volume of the cup
- the temperature of the ice
- the type of thermometer to use

Question: Question: A student performed an experiment to see how long it would take for a cup of water to freeze. Which information would another student most likely need in order to perform the same experiment?


Choices:
- compare how the soils are alike
- put the soils into different groups
- record the weight of the soil
- watch how quickly the soil drains

Question: Question: A student wants to know which type of soil holds the most water. Which action should the student most likely do to answer the question?


Choices:
- laws passed by the government
- Internet sites discussing star formation
- pictures of stars of different ages
- evaluation of data by many scientists

Question: Question: Which of these is required to support the theory of star formation?


Choices:
- hertz.
- meters.
- hertz/second.
- meters/minute.

Question: Question: The frequency of a wave is measured in


Choices:
- a large glacier forming on a mountain
- strong winds wearing away a rock cliff
- a major earthquake happening in a mountain range
- many waves on a lake moving pebbles onto a beach

Question: Question: Which process causes the fastest changes to the surface of Earth?


Choices:
- irrigation.
- evaporation.
- precipitation.
- transpiration.

Question: Question: Organisms contribute to the water cycle mainly through the process of


Choices:
- ruler
- telescope
- microscope
- meter stick

Question: Question: Which of these tools is most helpful to a scientist observing very small bacteria?


Choices:
- fluorescent light is a luminous light.
- incandescent light produces more heat.
- fluorescent light has a lower frequency.
- incandescent light causes a chemical reaction.

Question: Question: Apple slices were divided evenly between two identical metal boxes. A lighted 20-watt incandescent light bulb was placed in box A, and a lighted 20-watt fluorescent light was placed in box B. The apple slices in box A dried faster than those in box B because


Choices:
- summer
- fall
- winter
- spring

Question: Question: What season is it in the United States when the South Pole is tilted toward the Sun?


Choices:
- red
- green
- violet
- yellow

Question: Question: Which of these colors of visible light has the shortest wavelength?


Choices:
- kg
- hr
- m/s^2
- g/cm^3

Question: Question: Which of the following units best represents the density of an object?


Choices:
- The fossils changed locations.
- The area had a shift in climate.
- The land was once underwater.
- A glacier once covered the area.

Question: Question: Which statement below best explains why several fossils of sea organisms were discovered buried deep in an area of dry land?


Choices:
- diffusion
- mitosis
- osmosis
- respiration

Question: Question: Last year Steve was shorter than his brother. This year Steve is taller than his brother. What cell process is directly responsible for Steve's growth?


Choices:
- gas
- liquid
- plasma
- solid

Question: Question: In which state are molecules of a substance arranged in the most orderly way?


Choices:
- heat island
- rain shadow
- land breeze
- cold front

Question: Question: Weather stations built in urban areas can be influenced by the human-made structures that surround these stations. Some of these weather stations used to determine mean temperatures in the United States have had the validity of the data questioned. Which human-produced effect could these urban weather stations be measuring?


Choices:
- add the number of protons to the number of electrons
- add the number of protons to the number of neutrons
- subtract the number of protons from the number of neutrons
- subtract the number of electrons from the sum of protons and neutrons

Question: Question: How is the mass of an atom calculated?


Choices:
- grow taller so that the few remaining honey bees will find them.
- change their flowers so that wind will fertilize them.
- have always attracted many other insects as wells as honey bees.
- have seeds that stay alive for a long time in the environment.

Question: Question: Over a long period, some flowering plants have become dependent on honey bees for pollination. In recent years, a form of mite has infected and killed the honey bees in many areas of the country. Since this has happened, the once bee-dependent plants with the best chance of surviving are those that


Choices:
- an ion
- a proton
- a neutron
- an electron

Question: Question: Which of these atomic structures has the least amount of mass?


Choices:
- decreased variations in day length
- increased average air temperature
- increased burn rate for incoming meteoroids
- decreased rate of ozone layer destruction

Question: Question: An increase of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere is most likely to have which effect?


Choices:
- eye color
- sleep patterns
- sense of balance
- sense of humor

Question: Question: Which of the following is an inherited human trait?


Choices:
- freezes.
- melts.
- condenses.
- evaporates.

Question: Question: Snow turns to liquid water when it


Choices:
- sunlight
- biomass
- wind
- fossil fuel

Question: Question: Which energy source is nonrenewable?


Choices:
- friction
- gravity
- weight
- rotation

Question: Question: The Moon is in orbit around Earth. What keeps the Moon from changing its orbit?


Choices:
- cloud
- rain
- vapor
- snow

Question: Question: Which form of water, when present in the atmosphere, is most likely to contribute to global warming?


Choices:
- Survival behavior is acquired by interaction with the parent duck.
- Survival behavior is learned by interacting with their environment.
- Inherited behavior is genetically obtained through their environment.
- Inherited behavior is genetically passed on from parents to offspring.

Question: Question: Which statement explains why ducklings follow their mother when swimming across a pond?


Choices:
- Subtract the mass of the container
- Add leaves from other plants to the container
- Allow the leaves to settle in the container for a few days
- Use a metric ruler to measure the volume of the container

Question: Question: Some students measure the mass of a small pile of leaves before and after the leaves decompose. Each time the students measure the mass, they place a container with the decomposing leaves on a balance. Before recording the mass of the leaves, the students must do which of the following?


Choices:
- As activity increases, more oxygen is exhaled.
- As activity increases, breathing becomes more efficient.
- As activity increases, the oxygen needs of cells increase.
- As activity increases, the rate of the heart beating increases.

Question: Question: Ava conducted an experiment to determine respiratory rates during different activities. She counted the number of breaths per minute. Ava noted that the number of breaths increases as physical activity increases. Why is there an increase in the number of breaths per minute as activity increases?


Choices:
- Cold air molecules collide to generate heat energy.
- Cold energy in the room transforms into heat energy.
- The room becomes warmer as heat energy is added to the room.
- The room becomes warmer as cold energy is pushed out of the room.

Question: Question: The temperature in a classroom is 15°C (59°F). The teacher turns the thermostat to 20°C (68°F) and keeps the door closed. Which of the following statements best describes the change that occurs as the temperature in the room increases to 20°C?


Choices:
- much more than that of the flat paper.
- slightly more than that of the flat paper.
- the same as that of the flat paper.
- slightly less than that of the flat paper.

Question: Question: A flat piece of paper has a mass of 5 grams. When the paper is crumpled into a ball, the mass of the crumpled paper is


Choices:
- from air
- from wood
- from rocks
- from crops

Question: Question: Minerals are used for making many things including jewelry, chalk, and concrete. Where do we get the minerals needed to make these things?


Choices:
- Lung capacity is increased.
- Exposure to bacteria is increased.
- Parents are able to identify the nest.
- Parents respond by giving more food.

Question: Question: Scientists have observed that, even within the same nest, some young birds call louder than others. Which describes how a louder cry helps to ensure survival?


Choices:
- friction
- gravity
- electricity
- magnetism

Question: Question: Two galaxies are interacting with each other. What is the force that draws these two galaxies toward each other?


Choices:
- Salt and sand are added to hot water and stirred making a mixture.
- Oil and water are placed in a sealed bottle and shaken making a compound.
- Sugar and water are added to flour and cooked in an oven making an element.
- Soil and water are shaken in a container and left to separate forming two elements.

Question: Question: Which procedure correctly describes materials combining?


Choices:
- helium
- hydrogen
- nitrogen
- oxygen

Question: Question: Plants growing in a pond release a gas that fish need to survive. Which gas do the plants release that fish use?


Choices:
- An object in motion eventually stops.
- The ball must have been going slightly uphill.
- The ball did not have enough mass to keep going.
- There must have been an outside force acting on the ball.

Question: Question: A ball rolling on the ground is observed to slow down and stop. Based on Newton's first law of motion, what is the best conclusion?


Choices:
- CO
- CO2
- C
- O2

Question: Question: What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?


Choices:
- friction
- gravity
- magnetism
- sound

Question: Question: A student rubs his hands together to warm them. His hands get warm due to


Choices:
- iron
- gold
- mercury
- aluminum

Question: Question: Scientists studying migrating birds and homing pigeons have discovered that they navigate by monitoring differences in the intensity and inclination of Earth's magnetic field. Special cells in bird beaks can detect these changes as the birds fly over Earth's surface. Which metal did the scientists find in the cells that birds use as a magnetometer?


Choices:
- forest
- grassland
- bare rock
- water

Question: Question: A scientist found a fossil of an organism that had gills. When the organism was living, the area in which it lived was most likely covered by ___.


Choices:
- wash hands before each meal
- do a science project about energy
- ride a bike to school instead of riding in a car
- pack a lunch instead of buying a school lunch

Question: Question: Which is the best way to help protect the environment?


Choices:
- solar energy
- potential energy
- static electricity
- mechanical energy

Question: Question: An electric motor is designed to turn electrical energy into ___.


Choices:
- quieter.
- louder.
- lower in pitch.
- higher in pitch.

Question: Question: If a student playing the drums hits the drums with greater force, the sound would be


Choices:
- amplitude
- frequency
- velocity
- wavelength

Question: Question: As the loudness of a sound wave increases, which will also increase?


Choices:
- reflecting
- polarizing
- diffracting
- refracting

Question: Question: Telescopes use lenses to observe distant objects such as stars. Which term best describes what happens when lenses bend and concentrate light?


Choices:
- The substance gets larger.
- The substance changes phases.
- The substance changes shape.
- The substance forms a new substance.

Question: Question: Which of these must occur when a substance goes through a chemical change?


Choices:
- atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration changes
- radioactive decay rate changes in the outer core
- volcanic eruptions
- magnetic pole reversals

Question: Question: Scientists use ice cores to identify and explain previous climatic trends. By correlating climatic conditions recorded in the ice, with solid, nonsnow particles also found in the ice, scientists can help to predict the climatic impact of which phenomena?


Choices:
- chemical
- electrical
- solar
- thermal

Question: Question: Coal, oil, and natural gas have high potential energies, which makes them valuable energy resources. In order to benefit from the energy available in these fossil fuels, the potential energy is converted most directly into which type of energy?


Choices:
- The year would be shorter.
- The year would be longer.
- The day would be shorter.
- The day would be longer.

Question: Question: What change would occur if Earth's rate of rotation significantly increased?


Choices:
- planting more trees
- burning less fossil fuel
- reducing beach erosion
- increasing water runoff

Question: Question: Humans can do many things to impact the environment. Which of these is an example of how humans negatively impact the environment?


Choices:
- absorption.
- diffraction.
- reflection.
- refraction.

Question: Question: Eyeglasses help a nearsighted person see as a result of


Choices:
- flow chart
- pie chart
- data table
- bar graph

Question: Question: A student measures the rising temperature of heated water for 20 minutes in two-minute intervals. Which of these tools will best help the student organize the data?


Choices:
- Igneous rock has turned into sedimentary rock.
- Igneous rock has turned into metamorphic rock.
- Sedimentary rock has turned into igneous rock.
- Sedimentary rock has turned into metamorphic rock.

Question: Question: A rock formation in a land area contains fossils. Over time, tremendous heat and pressure change the formation to produce a harder rock formation without fossils. Which change in rock type has occurred in this land area?


Choices:
- blue eyes
- long fingers
- calloused hands
- attached earlobes

Question: Question: Which is not an inherited trait in humans?


Choices:
- cooling the plants
- giving the plants moisture
- spreading the plants' pollen
- strengthening the plants' root systems

Question: Question: The wind helps many plants reproduce by ___.


Choices:
- fast speed
- high frequency
- large amplitude
- long wavelength

Question: Question: The human hearing range is 20-20,000 hertz. A sound Peggy heard was measured at 15,000 hertz. Which characteristic best describes the sound wave that Peggy heard?


Choices:
- liter
- kiloliter
- meter
- kilometer

Question: Question: A student is asked to measure the distance from the floor to the ceiling in a classroom. Which unit of measurement should the student most likely use to accurately measure this distance?


Choices:
- They are replenished by sunlight.
- They are cycled through ecosystems.
- They are replaced by volcanic eruptions.
- They are produced constantly from nutrients.

Question: Question: Which of the following explains why elements, such as carbon and oxygen, that are used in organic molecules are not permanently removed from the environment?


Choices:
- meter per liter
- seconds per gram
- milligrams per liter
- centimeters per second

Question: Question: A student is measuring the speed at which a ball rolls down a ramp. Which unit of measurement is the student most likely using to describe the speed of the ball?


Choices:
- the depth of the soil
- the temperature of the water
- the number of days until the seeds sprout
- the size of pot used for growing the seeds

Question: Question: Marta and Roger are comparing how long it takes two different types of seeds to sprout. They plant both types of seeds in similar pots, place them in a sunny window, and water them daily. If they want to conduct their investigation correctly, which information is most important to record?


Choices:
- cave.
- delta.
- river.
- mountain.

Question: Question: Deposition of sediment will most likely form a


Choices:
- to obtain data to test a hypothesis
- to make a complete observation
- to make a report of the procedures
- to make a hypothesis understandable

Question: Question: During a space mission, scientists will send experiments for the astronauts to conduct in space. In many cases, scientists have made predictions about the outcome of the experiment. Why do astronauts perform the experiment if the results have already been predicted?


Choices:
- a reduction in the rate of species change
- an increase in the rate of large mammal extinctions
- an increase in the amount of interspecies cooperation
- a reduction in the total number of small parasitic insects

Question: Question: Approximately 14,000 years ago, the climate in North America began to warm rapidly. At the same time, human hunters migrated to the continent. Which of these most likely resulted from a combination of these two factors?


Choices:
- lb
- kg
- lb/ft^3
- kg/m^3

Question: Question: Which is an SI unit for density?


Choices:
- rise in the west and set in the east.
- rise in the east and set in the west.
- rise in the north and set in the south.
- rise in the south and set in the north.

Question: Question: In the United States, each day the Sun appears to


Choices:
- wood
- plastic
- iron
- paper

Question: Question: Which substance is magnetic and conducts heat?


Choices:
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- mitochondria
- endoplasmic reticulum

Question: Question: During a biochemical reaction, pyruvate (C3H4O3) is converted into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). In what cellular organelle does this biochemical reaction occur?


Choices:
- selective breeding
- dynamic equilibrium
- extinction
- disease

Question: Question: A student fails to eat a balanced diet over a period of time. This lack of a balanced diet can lead to


Choices:
- deer
- eagles
- frogs
- snakes

Question: Question: In 1989, an oil spill off the coast of Alaska led to a decline in the population of many organisms. Which other population was most likely affected by the drop in population of the fish, otters, and seals?


Choices:
- to increase strength for moving around in the cabin
- to keep from becoming overweight on a space mission
- to minimize the loss of muscle mass due to microgravity
- to ensure that bodily fluids do not tend to collect in the feet

Question: Question: Which of these is the best reason for exercising on space flights?


Choices:
- Cells are small.
- Cells are alive.
- Cells move quickly.
- Cells have an electrical charge.

Question: Question: With the development of the microscope, scientists were able to see cells for the first time. Why was it difficult to view cells without a microscope?


Choices:
- calcium
- nitrogen
- oxygen
- protein

Question: Question: Fertilizers can enable farmers to grow the same crop in a field for several years in a row. Farmers who use less fertilizer often rotate their crops by planting the crop one year and legumes, such as beans and clover, the following year. Fertilizer use and crop rotation with legumes both increase the availability of which of the following nutrients in soil?


Choices:
- hibernation and migration
- growth and development
- changing color and shedding fur
- building nests and communication

Question: Question: Which two processes occur during the life spans of all animals?


Choices:
- An air mass is warmer at the leading edge and cooler at the trailing edge.
- An air mass has similar temperature and moisture properties throughout it.
- An air mass is cooler near the edges and has greater moisture near the center.
- An air mass has greater moisture near the edges and is cooler near the center.

Question: Question: Which of the following is true regarding the properties of an air mass?


Choices:
- migration.
- extinction.
- overpopulation.
- ecological succession.

Question: Question: When entire communities in an ecosystem change over time, it is known as


Choices:
- pebbles
- sand
- rocks
- clay

Question: Question: What should be added to soil to increase its water retention?


Choices:
- are living organisms.
- need to search for food.
- make their own food.
- are non-living organisms.

Question: Question: A rosebush and a bird are similar because they both


Choices:
- pressure at which the processes occurred
- temperature at which the processes occurred
- chemical impurities present as the processes occurred
- amount of time passed since the processes occurred

Question: Question: The mineral quartz naturally forms in various colors. Which difference in quartz formation results in the different colors?


Choices:
- It becomes warmer and forms clouds.
- It becomes cooler and forms clouds.
- Its temperature remains the same.
- Its temperature varies greatly.

Question: Question: What happens to a moist air mass as it moves upward in the atmosphere?


Choices:
- nitrogen and argon
- oxygen and sulfur dioxide
- carbon dioxide and water vapor
- hydrochloric acid and hydrogen

Question: Question: Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb infrared radiation from Earth's surface and re-radiates some of it back to Earth. Which of these gases have the most significant impact on the temperature of Earth's atmosphere?


Choices:
- deposit lava.
- cause erosion.
- trigger earthquakes.
- release gases.

Question: Question: Volcanoes are considered constructive because they


Choices:
- it separates
- it dissolves
- it floats to the top
- it becomes warm

Question: Question: What happens to sugar when it is combined with water?


Choices:
- The trees could not make leaves.
- The trees could not make flowers.
- The trees could not make seeds.
- The trees could not make bark.

Question: Question: Pesticides are chemicals that kill insects. What could happen if the pesticides killed all the pollinators near some apple trees?


Choices:
- A large mass of ice and snow accumulates.
- A mound of sand is built by wind.
- A low area of land is surrounded by mountains.
- A mass of sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river.

Question: Question: Which statement describes the formation of a delta?


Choices:
- an atom
- a reactant
- an element
- a compound

Question: Question: Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. The water in this reaction is described as


Choices:
- chloroplasts
- mitochondria
- DNA molecules
- nuclear membranes

Question: Question: Which of these cell parts store genetic instructions for the entire organism and transfers them from one generation to the next?


Choices:
- nucleus, electrons, and quarks
- protons, neutron, and electrons
- ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and ions
- nucleus, electron cloud, and energy levels

Question: Question: Which list describes the particles that make up an atom?


Choices:
- bottling water
- dam construction
- collecting rainwater
- wastewater treatment

Question: Question: Earth has a limited supply of fresh drinking water. Which method is used to recycle water for humans to use?


Choices:
- mutualism
- commensalism
- parasitism
- phototropism

Question: Question: A plover bird eats bits of food that become stuck in a crocodile's teeth without being hurt. The crocodile gets its teeth cleaned and the bird gets food. Which type of relationship exists between the bird and the crocodile?


Choices:
- how a species changed over time
- how animals made a shelter
- the color of leaves on a plant
- the number of chambers in a dinosaur's heart

Question: Question: What can scientists learn about the past by studying sedimentary rocks?


Choices:
- measurement, form, and function.
- changes, interactions, and formulas.
- logic, evidence, and current knowledge.
- hypothesis, problem solving, and lab equipment.

Question: Question: A scientific explanation should include a demonstration of the relationships between


Choices:
- resulted from sexual reproduction.
- resulted from asexual reproduction.
- will develop many seeds.
- will have large leaves.

Question: Question: A plant that has traits identical to the parent plant provides evidence that the plant


Choices:
- mass
- shape
- density
- volume

Question: Question: Which property would best help a student determine if two substances are made of two different elements?


Choices:
- crystals.
- lava.
- sedimentary rock.
- metamorphic rock.

Question: Question: Evidence of organisms that lived on Earth a long time ago would most likely be found in


Choices:
- heat
- light
- solar
- electrical

Question: Question: Which type of energy does a radiator give off ?


Choices:
- Animalia
- Eubacteria
- Fungi
- Protista

Question: Question: While hiking through Granville State Forest, a student finds an unusual plant-like organism that appears to lack chlorophyll. When the student examines a sample using a microscope, he sees many cells with cell walls and no chloroplasts. This organism is most likely a member of what Kingdom?


Choices:
- size of seeds and amount of solution used
- time of day and number of seeds germinated
- type of detergent and amount of solution used
- number of seeds germinated and average length of shoot

Question: Question: A student conducts an experiment to determine the effect soap has on the growth of radish seeds. He puts 30 seeds in three different dishes: one with water, one with a 1% soap solution, and one with a 10% soap solution. Which type of data should he collect?


Choices:
- The number of cars produced has decreased.
- The need for custom manufacturing has increased.
- The efficiency of manufacturing plants has increased.
- The number of countries producing cars has decreased.

Question: Question: Which of the following statements best describes how the use of interchangeable parts has affected car manufacturing?


Choices:
- speed of the car
- direction of the car
- energy of the car
- acceleration of the car

Question: Question: Which quantity must equal zero if a car is moving at a constant rate along a straight line?


Choices:
- wind turbines
- hydroelectric dams
- fossil fuels
- solar cells

Question: Question: Which widely used energy sources are nonrenewable and also a source of greenhouse gas emissions?


Choices:
- propulsion
- suspension
- control
- structure

Question: Question: Use the information below to answer the question. In solid fuel rockets, a fuel mixture is burned and once the mixture starts burning it cannot be stopped. In liquid fuel rockets, there is a tank of fuel and a tank of oxygen. The burning of the fuel can be stopped by preventing the flow of fuel and oxygen into the combustion chamber. Based on this information, which system is more highly developed in liquid fuel rockets than in solid fuel rockets?


Choices:
- electric car
- digital camera
- high-speed Internet
- battery-powered radio

Question: Question: Some research has shown that the burning of fossil fuels contributes to an effect called global warming, which scientists believe is changing the chemical makeup of Earth's atmosphere. Use of which invention would help lower this effect?


Choices:
- rice
- dates
- carrots
- chicken

Question: Question: Which food contains the highest percentage of protein?


Choices:
- turn out the lights to see better.
- smell the product that is being burned.
- work near the sink to put out possible fires.
- wear appropriate protective clothing and eyewear.

Question: Question: When conducting an investigation involving an open flame, it is most important to


Choices:
- floods
- blizzards
- hailstorms
- avalanches

Question: Question: In ecosystems where people live, which of the following are most likely to cause an increase in diseases transmitted by water?


Choices:
- Both ants and aphids benefit.
- Both ants and aphids are unaffected.
- The ants benefit and the aphids are harmed.
- The aphids benefit and the ants are unaffected.

Question: Question: Aphids are small insects that sometimes live near ants. The ants protect the aphids from predators. The aphids produce a sweet substance that the ants eat. Which statement describes the relationship between ants and aphids?


Choices:
- earthworms making tunnels under the surface
- cattle making depressions with their hooves
- horses making trenches when they gallop
- sheep pulling up plants by their roots

Question: Question: Soil will pack down over time which decreases the ability of the soil to hold water. Which animals would best help the soil hold water?


Choices:
- by the type of item
- by the size of the item
- by the person who located the item
- by the soil layer where the item was found

Question: Question: At an archaeological dig site, scientists, volunteers, and students collect items used by people living hundreds of years ago. To determine the history of the different people who may have lived at the site, which is the best method to classify the recovered items?


Choices:
- global warming
- decreased winds
- the start of an ice age
- increased desertification

Question: Question: It is hypothesized that in the next 200 years, the lowest land areas on Earth could be submerged beneath rising oceans. Which climate change would most likely cause this to occur?


Choices:
- the Sun
- the Moon
- asteroids
- comets

Question: Question: Miriam notices when she goes to the beach that sometimes the water rises as high as the pier. At other times of the day, the water barely covers the pillars under the pier. These differences in water level are primarily due to the gravitational influence of which of the following?


Choices:
- different from copper or oxygen.
- similar to both copper and oxygen.
- similar only to copper.
- similar only to oxygen.

Question: Question: Copper (Cu) reacts with oxygen (O) to form copper oxide (CuO). The properties of CuO are most likely


Choices:
- digestive
- excretory
- immune
- respiratory

Question: Question: Carbon dioxide produced by cells is removed from the body primarily by which body system?


Choices:
- argon
- nitrogen
- carbon dioxide
- carbon monoxide

Question: Question: The ocean minimum zone, or OMZ, is an area from 200 to 600 meters below the ocean's surface. The OMZ is dark and cold, with oxygen concentrations less than 10% of concentrations in surface water. Oxygen concentrations are so low because of bacterial activity that breaks down organic material falling from surface waters. Given the conditions in the OMZ, which of these dissolved gases would you expect to find in large concentrations in this zone?


Choices:
- catching more than 20 fish in the same location
- catching more than 20 fish in another location
- catching more than 20 fish the next afternoon
- catching more than 20 fish the next morning

Question: Question: Two students went fishing one morning and caught 20 fish. The afternoon before, they caught 5 fish. Because of their morning success, they claimed that morning was the best time to fish. Which of these would most likely disprove their claim?


Choices:
- Are dogs better pets than cats?
- How many stars are in the universe?
- In what type of light will a plant grow best?
- How many organisms have lived on Earth?

Question: Question: Which question can be answered by scientific experimentation and observation?


Choices:
- kinetic energy generated by the chemical reactions
- chemical energy originally stored in the glucose molecule
- electric current created during the destruction of electrons in the glucose
- potential energy from the difference in the concentration gradients of the cell

Question: Question: During cellular respiration glucose molecules undergo a series of reactions. This process results in the formation of up to 38 molecules of high-energy ATP per each molecule of glucose. Which is the source of the energy stored in these ATP molecules?


Choices:
- conclusion
- hypothesis
- control group
- experimental group

Question: Question: Lea is investigating how phosphates affect oxygen levels in pond water. For part of the investigation, she uses pond water that contains no phosphates. The pond water without phosphates would be what part of the investigation?


Choices:
- thermometer
- hand lens
- graduated cylinder
- magnet

Question: Question: Which tool should a student use to examine spots on a frog?


Choices:
- control
- data
- hypothesis
- variable

Question: Question: A group of scientists is studying the effect of cell phone signals on honeybees. Before starting the investigation, the scientists stated that the bees exposed to cell phone signals will have difficulty finding their way back to the hive. Which term best describes the statement made by the group of scientists?


Choices:
- skeletal system
- excretory system
- digestive system
- circulatory system

Question: Question: Which system is most responsible for transporting blood throughout the body?


Choices:
- Animals adapt to new environments.
- New species develop from survivors.
- There is variation among individuals within a species.
- Insecticides may cause genetic mutations.

Question: Question: Five hundred flies of one species were sprayed with a new insecticide. Twenty-four hours later, nearly all the flies were dead. However, a few survived. Which principle best explains why some flies survived?


Choices:
- to do the investigation at the same time of year
- to use the same chart for recording growth
- to do the investigation in the same room
- to use the same colors of lights

Question: Question: A student investigated the effect of the color of light on the growth of plants. Red, yellow, and green lights were used in the experiment. If another student were to conduct the same experiment, which would be the most important procedure to follow to yield the same results?


Choices:
- thick fur
- sharp claws
- large ears
- strong muscles

Question: Question: A large mammal lives in a cold, snowy environment. Which adaptation would best help the mammal survive in low temperatures?


Choices:
- solar radiation reflected from the Moon
- many volcanic eruptions near the Ring of Fire
- the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere
- plankton distribution in shallow ocean waters

Question: Question: The temperatures in space vary from extremely cold to extremely hot. Earth's surface temperature is relatively stable. Which of these is most responsible for Earth's surface temperatures?


Choices:
- cells, organs, tissues, organ systems, organisms
- cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
- tissues, cells, organs, organ systems, organisms
- tissues, organs, cells, organ systems, organisms

Question: Question: Which of the following correctly lists the organizational hierarchy of organisms from simplest to most complex?


Choices:
- moth
- butterfly
- wasp
- fly

Question: Question: The carrion flower smells like rotting meat. What kind of pollinator is most likely attracted to the carrion flower?


Choices:
- At high altitudes there is greater atmospheric pressure than on the surface of the Earth.
- At high altitudes there is lower atmospheric pressure than on the surface of the Earth.
- If the cabin is not pressurized, ozone and other upper atmospheric gases will enter the airplane.
- If the cabin is not pressurized, carbon dioxide will escape from the airplane.

Question: Question: Which of the following best explains why the pressure inside a high-flying airplane must be controlled?


Choices:
- salt and water
- wind and tides
- heat and moisture
- waves and flooding

Question: Question: Hurricanes are large, powerful storms that form as they travel over warm ocean waters. What do oceans add to make hurricanes so strong?


Choices:
- disease prevention
- tissue repair
- metamorphosis
- cancer

Question: Question: Abnormal cell division may result in


Choices:
- Nitrogen is used in respiration to generate energy.
- Nitrogen is used in making the proteins in the body.
- Nitrogen is used to help the body eliminate wastes.
- Nitrogen is used by nerve cells to conduct impulses.

Question: Question: What is the main reason humans need nitrogen to survive?


Choices:
- Earth is tilted on the axis.
- The Moon rises and sets.
- The Moon orbits Earth.
- Earth orbits the Sun.

Question: Question: The phases of the Moon are daily changes in the appearance of the Moon. One reason Moon phases occur is because the Moon reflects sunlight. Which is another reason that the phases of the Moon occur?


Choices:
- light
- smoke
- sound
- water vapor

Question: Question: Some campers are sitting around a campfire outside their tent. Which product of the fire is in the form of electromagnetic waves?


Choices:
- momentum
- power
- pressure
- work

Question: Question: Jon had a flat tire on his car. He used a hydraulic jack to lift the car up so that he could change the tire. If Jon knows the amount of force used to lift the car 0.25 meter off of the ground, what is he able to calculate?


Choices:
- heart
- lung
- ear
- brain

Question: Question: Which organ is made mostly of muscle?


Choices:
- streak
- fracture
- texture
- luster

Question: Question: Which is considered a property of soil?


Choices:
- tidal forces
- wind erosion
- plate tectonics
- global warming

Question: Question: Which of these had the greatest impact on the current shape of Nevada's basin and range landscape?


Choices:
- They insulate against cold air.
- They optimize solar heating.
- They reduce radiant cooling.
- They act as a windbreak.

Question: Question: Which of the following is the primary way that evergreen trees planted on the north and west sides of residences in Massachusetts help reduce winter heating costs?


Choices:
- a compound.
- an element.
- a mixture.
- a molecule.

Question: Question: Air is composed of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases. Based on that information, air can be described as


Choices:
- Weigh the mineral
- Dip the mineral in acid
- Heat the mineral until it melts
- Drag an edge of the mineral across a tile

Question: Question: Which action should be taken in order to identify the streak of a mineral during an investigation?


Choices:
- extreme thirst and weight loss
- intense aches and spasms
- severe loss of hearing and vision
- excessive loss of coordination and memory

Question: Question: In Type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks the pancreatic cells that produce insulin. Without insulin, people that have Type 1 diabetes are unable to regulate blood glucose levels. What two symptoms are most likely associated with Type 1 diabetes?


Choices:
- heat
- current
- wave motion
- magnetic force

Question: Question: When the cardboard cone of a radio speaker vibrates, it produces a sound in the air around it. The cone produces this sound by transferring which of the following to the air around it?


Choices:
- The gas is more dense than the air.
- The gas is more visible than the air.
- The gas smells different from the air.
- The gas evaporates faster than the air.

Question: Question: During a demonstration, a teacher pours CO_{2} gas over a candle, putting out the flame. Which physical property allows the teacher to pour the CO_{2} gas?


Choices:
- neutrons.
- protons.
- electrons.
- neutrinos.

Question: Question: Atoms of the same element can have different atomic masses because they can have different numbers of


Choices:
- air
- cork
- water
- silver

Question: Question: Which would be the best conductor of electricity?


Choices:
- change a theory.
- test a hypothesis.
- write a procedure.
- make an observation.

Question: Question: Part of a scientific method involves collecting data in order to


Choices:
- friction
- mass
- tension
- weight

Question: Question: Gravity is a measurable force of attraction which acts upon objects. Which characteristic determines the gravity of an object?


Choices:
- Melting ice
- corroding silver
- Burning match
- Rotting vegetation

Question: Question: Which is NOT an example of a chemical change?


Choices:
- the tilt of Earth on its axis
- the rate of rotation of Earth
- the effects of solar flare activity
- the relative distance between Earth and the Sun

Question: Question: Seasons in Alaska are primarily caused by which factor as Earth revolves around the Sun?


Choices:
- test tube
- meter stick
- balance scale
- graduated cylinder

Question: Question: A student needs to measure out a precise amount of liquid. What is the best tool for the student to use?


Choices:
- creating shelter
- recycling nutrients
- a transfer of energy
- a defense mechanism

Question: Question: An octopus squirts black ink around itself to hide from predators. This adaptation is an example of


Choices:
- barometer
- Doppler radar
- depth scale
- seismograph

Question: Question: Earthquakes are vibrations of Earth's crust. What device is used to measure the size of an earthquake?


Choices:
- The eye sockets faced sideways.
- The skull was much longer than it was wide.
- There was a projecting ridge along the top of the skull.
- Four of the teeth were long and pointed.

Question: Question: A girl found the skull of an animal. She did not know what the animal was but she was sure that it preyed on other animals for its food. What clue led to this conclusion?


Choices:
- chickens
- dogs
- frogs
- turtles

Question: Question: Which one of these animals does NOT lay eggs?


Choices:
- They reproduce by mitosis.
- They eat by phagocytosis.
- They respond to light stimuli.
- They move by changing shape.

Question: Question: Which characteristic does a euglena share with an amoeba?


Choices:
- introduction of a non-native species
- reduced daylight hours during winter
- preventing the cutting of trees in forests
- riverbank erosion resulting from springtime flooding

Question: Question: Which of the following is most likely to disrupt the natural balance in an ecosystem?


Choices:
- outer core, inner core, asthenosphere, lithosphere
- asthenosphere, lithosphere, outer core, inner core
- inner core, asthenosphere, lithosphere, outer core
- inner core, outer core, asthenosphere, lithosphere

Question: Question: Which of these correctly lists Earth's layers in order from the center to the surface?


Choices:
- Nitrogen atoms are different sizes.
- Nitrogen atoms are different ages.
- Nitrogen atoms can bond to different atoms.
- Nitrogen atoms have different amounts of energy.

Question: Question: The element nitrogen can be found in simple, nonliving substances, such as air, and in complex molecules in living organisms, such as DNA. Which statement explains why nitrogen can exist in many compounds?


Choices:
- lipid
- carbohydrate
- nucleic acid
- protein

Question: Question: An enzyme in the Golgi apparatus catalyzes the addition of phosphates to which class of molecule?


Choices:
- puddle disappearing on a hot summer afternoon
- Sweat forming on your forehead after you do a lot of exercise
- Ice cubes melting when you put them out in the sun
- Dew forming on plants during a cold night

Question: Question: Which is an example of water condensing? 1.


Choices:
- runoff from sewage.
- deposition of sediment.
- an ancient glacier that passed through.
- an underground river flowing to the ocean.

Question: Question: A delta at the mouth of a river is the direct result of


Choices:
- development of chemical rocks
- development of extrusive rocks
- development of layered rocks
- development of folded rocks

Question: Question: Scientists have studied convergent boundaries and the results of the collisions. Besides the fact that mountains occur at these boundaries, which other part of the rock cycle is most likely associated with these areas of convergence?


Choices:
- The amount of oxygen increases.
- The amount of methane increases.
- The amount of water vapor increases.
- The amount of carbon dioxide increases.

Question: Question: Which statement best describes the effect deforestation has on Earth's atmosphere?


Choices:
- jet stream.
- weather patterns.
- magnetic patterns.
- electrical discharges.

Question: Question: Many scientists think that when birds migrate to the same location each year, they find this location by using Earth's


Choices:
- heat
- solar
- chemical
- electrical

Question: Question: Which form of energy do plants need to capture in order to perform photosynthesis?


Choices:
- gradual climate change
- continued climate stability
- sudden global climate change
- gradual ecosystem succession

Question: Question: A large number of species on Earth became extinct during a short time period about 65 million years ago. Based on this pattern of extinction, which is the most likely cause?


Choices:
- The relationship is competitive.
- The relationship is cooperative.
- The relationship is parasitic.
- The relationship is predatory.

Question: Question: Sofia put a bat house in a tree in her yard. The bats ate mosquitos in Sofia's yard at night and roosted in the house during the day. Droppings from the bat house nourished the tree. What kind of relationship exists between Sofia, the bats, and the tree?


Choices:
- shade
- heat
- water
- sand

Question: Question: Which of the following is the most basic need for a plant?


Choices:
- consisting of billions of galaxies.
- being less than two billion years old.
- containing approximately ten planets.
- becoming smaller over time.

Question: Question: A scientific article about the universe will most likely describe the universe as


Choices:
- thermometer
- balance
- hand lens
- graduated cylinder

Question: Question: Which tool would be most useful for observing the details of an insect's wings?


Choices:
- the block with the greatest density
- the block with the lowest surface area
- the block with the greatest specific heat
- the block with the lowest thermal conductivity

Question: Question: The instructions below outline the procedure for a demonstration. Materials: four 100 g metal blocks, each of a different metal four polystyrene foam cups, each containing 150 g of 10°C water Procedure: 1. Place the four cups of water next to each other on the lab bench. 2. Heat each block to a temperature of 60°C. 3. Place each heated block in a separate cup of 10°C water. 4. Measure the temperature change in each cup of water after 100 s. At the end of the demonstration, which block raised the temperature of the 10°C water the greatest amount?


Choices:
- swims faster.
- has a larger body.
- has a tougher scaly skin.
- has a different food source.

Question: Question: On the Galapagos Islands, an iguana that lives in the water is most likely able to survive without competition from an iguana that lives on land because it


Choices:
- Coal
- Electricity
- Sunlight
- Wind

Question: Question: Which of these warms most of the air, water, and land on Earth?


Choices:
- area
- mass
- weight
- volume

Question: Question: A teacher was discussing with the class that a bowling ball has more inertia than a basketball. Which physical property is most likely being compared?


Choices:
- radiation
- conduction
- convection
- insulation

Question: Question: A dark colored wall becomes warm when the Sun is shining on it. After the Sun sets, a person standing a meter away can feel warmth from the wall. How does heat transfer from the wall to the person?


Choices:
- maintain blood pressure.
- remove carbon dioxide.
- produce red blood cells.
- filter out waste products.

Question: Question: During exercise, the cardiovascular system works together with the respiratory system to


Choices:
- It creates a spark.
- It breaks an electrical circuit.
- It generates electricity.
- It completes an electrical circuit.

Question: Question: How does flipping a switch turn on a light?


Choices:
- control
- guidance
- propulsion
- suspension

Question: Question: A ship has a satellite communication device to identify the ship's position at sea. For which of the following activities is this device most likely used?


Choices:
- help the plant to get moisture.
- anchor the plant in the ground.
- protect the plant from harm.
- support the stems and branches.

Question: Question: The purpose of thorns on a plant is most likely to


Choices:
- Grass
- Aluminum
- Sunlight
- Oxygen

Question: Question: Which of the following is best classified as a nonrenewable resource?


Choices:
- Continental shelves
- Continental slopes
- Ocean trenches
- Abyssal plains

Question: Question: Which of these are the deepest parts of the ocean?


Choices:
- nervous
- digestive
- circulatory
- integumentary

Question: Question: Which human body system forms a barrier between internal body structures and the external environment?


Choices:
- cause disease in living organisms.
- reduce soil erosion.
- recycle oxygen to the air.
- return nutrients to the soil.

Question: Question: Decaying plants and animals are important to an ecosystem because they


Choices:
- plant growth
- beach erosion
- dissolving rock
- falling water

Question: Question: The area of a small ocean island is slowly shrinking. This is most likely the result of which occurrence?


Choices:
- a decrease in air temperature
- the appearance of shooting stars
- an decrease in atmospheric ozone
- the appearance of the Northern Lights

Question: Question: Which of these will most likely result from small meteoroids entering the atmosphere of Earth?


Choices:
- being able to conserve energy.
- having large numbers of offspring.
- greater genetic diversity.
- longer life spans.

Question: Question: A main advantage to organisms that reproduce sexually is


Choices:
- water molecules moving apart.
- cold air penetrating the hot water.
- heat from the water moving into the cooler air.
- hot water reacting with the metal pan.

Question: Question: A pan containing hot water is left on the counter and becomes cool mainly due to


Choices:
- The breath mint was less soluble than the toothpaste.
- The breath mint was more soluble than the toothpaste.
- The breath mint had a lower density than the toothpaste.
- The breath mint had a greater density than the toothpaste.

Question: Question: James placed a breath mint and a lump of toothpaste in a cup of water and let it sit overnight. Which statement best explains why the breath mint was gone the following morning, but the toothpaste was still at the bottom of the cup?


Choices:
- a long mane
- a steel shoe
- a missing tooth
- a bruised leg

Question: Question: Which is an inherited characteristic on a horse?


Choices:
- metals
- nonmetals
- elements
- compounds

Question: Question: Scientists classify matter into various groups. Which group is typically described by the characteristics listed below? • usually solid at room temperature • can be bent or changed in shape without breaking • show a shiny luster when scratched or polished


Choices:
- air
- glass
- metal
- water

Question: Question: Sound waves travel the fastest through dense materials. Through which of these would sound waves travel the SLOWEST?


Choices:
- solute.
- solvent.
- solution.
- suspension.

Question: Question: A student dissolves a spoonful of sugar in a glass of water and makes a


Choices:
- Trees absorb these gases.
- Global temperatures are rising.
- Many variables affect global temperatures.
- Many human activities produce these gases.

Question: Question: Many scientists are convinced that an increase of certain gases in the atmosphere is affecting global temperatures. What makes this hypothesis difficult to prove?


Choices:
- by taking medication daily
- by preventing transmission between people
- by wearing clean clothing daily
- by performing dental hygiene three times each day

Question: Question: How can the rate of an infectious disease be drastically reduced?


Choices:
- weight and time
- distance and mass
- volume and mass
- area and weight

Question: Question: Which is needed to determine the amount of gravitational force between two objects?


Choices:
- balance
- thermometer
- meter stick
- graduated cylinder

Question: Question: Which tool, when properly used, would best help a student classify a basket of apples into groups based on mass?


Choices:
- Gas
- Liquid
- Solid
- Natural

Question: Question: Ice cubes are an example of which form of water?


Choices:
- Epithelium provides a rigid shell to prevent punctures.
- Epithelium has capillaries to resist iron deficiency.
- Epithelium insulates the vertebrate from hypothermia.
- Epithelium prevents dehydration in vertebrates.

Question: Question: Which explains how the epithelium offers protection to land-dwelling vertebrates?


Choices:
- calculator
- graphs
- observations
- computer

Question: Question: Which is the most likely way a scientist collects data during an experiment?


Choices:
- nucleus
- organ
- cell
- organelle

Question: Question: Which must be present in order for something to be classified as an organism?


Choices:
- halite
- quartz
- gypsum
- sulfur

Question: Question: Which mineral is most likely to be found in all of the three major rock types known as metamorphic, igneous, and sedimentary?


Choices:
- friction
- gravity
- light
- magnetism

Question: Question: A student rubs her hands together on a cold winter day. The heat that warms her hands is produced by


Choices:
- nest building
- hunting
- migrating
- hibernating

Question: Question: When ocean waters become too warm, some whales travel to colder water. This movement is an example of


Choices:
- waiting to be fed at the aquarium door
- catching food using its arms
- being more active at night
- hiding behind rocks

Question: Question: Students visit an aquarium and watch how an octopus behaves in its tank. Which behavior did the octopus most likely learn from its aquarium environment?


Choices:
- reproduce
- see
- breathe
- move

Question: Question: The main function of a fish's fins is to help the fish


Choices:
- the surface temperature
- the distance from Earth
- the distance from the Sun
- the gases that compose the star

Question: Question: Stars appear to be blue, white, yellow, and red, even without the aid of a telescope. What causes the different colors of the stars?


Choices:
- air resistance
- friction
- gravity
- magnetism

Question: Question: What keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?


Choices:
- magnetic
- elements
- compounds
- soluble in water

Question: Question: Use the information below to answer the question. Cotton is a plant product used to make fabric. Cotton is made of cellulose, a fiber not digestible by humans. Cellulose is composed of many sugar molecules bonded together into long chains. Each sugar molecule contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. When cotton fabric is washed, wrinkles often form. The clothing industry uses chemicals to manufacture some cotton fabrics that are wrinkle-free. Dyes are also added to color the cellulose fibers in cotton. A feature that is common to both cellulose and sugar is that both are


Choices:
- an anteater
- a honey bee
- a sea star
- an earthworm

Question: Question: Which animal is an example of an annelid?


Choices:
- The information on the strand changes.
- The mass of the strand changes.
- The organism dies.
- The organism thrives.

Question: Question: What ALWAYS happens when the nucleotides in a strand of DNA is rearranged?


Choices:
- normal faulting
- seafloor spreading
- igneous intrusions
- convection currents

Question: Question: The surface of Earth is composed of large tectonic plates that are constantly shifting as they float on top of molten rock. Which process must occur in the mantle to make the plates move?


Choices:
- pen, paper, and a computer
- scissors, forceps, and a scalpel
- petri dish, flask, and a Bunsen burner
- glass slides, dye, and a light microscope

Question: Question: Which set of tools would be best to use for dissecting in a biology lab?


Choices:
- a planet
- a constellation
- a meteor
- a star

Question: Question: Which of these moves in a regular path around the Sun?


Choices:
- similar physical features
- low mutation rate
- small population
- genetic diversity

Question: Question: Which would best allow a species to survive environmental changes?


Choices:
- a closed circuit.
- an open circuit.
- a filament.
- a battery.

Question: Question: An electrical component that has a continuous path for electrons to flow is called


Choices:
- trenches
- volcanoes
- island arcs
- mid-ocean ridges

Question: Question: In certain areas, tectonic plates move over hot spots. Which landforms are most likely associated with these hot spots?


Choices:
- hot plate and stopwatch
- thermometer and balance
- hot plate and thermometer
- balance and graduated cylinder

Question: Question: Which tools are used to determine the boiling point of water?


Choices:
- a fulcrum.
- a medium.
- a spectrum.
- an equilibrium.

Question: Question: A substance that carries sound waves is called


Choices:
- friction
- electricity
- gravity
- magnetism

Question: Question: Which force causes a bicycle to slow down when the brakes are used?


Choices:
- changes in the environment
- diseases causing illness
- changes in the weather
- predator animals

Question: Question: The ichthyornis was a type of bird that lived over 65 million years ago. It lived near the sea and hunted for fish over the water. Fossils have been found in Kansas, many miles from the present-day ocean. Which cause of extinction is most likely to be found in the fossil record along with ichthyornis fossils?


Choices:
- It helps male birds find a mate.
- It helps the birds find food more easily.
- It helps hide the birds while they sit on their nests.
- It helps the birds find the flock when migrating.

Question: Question: Indigo buntings are birds that nest in Florida during the summer. Male buntings are bright blue in color while females are a dull brown. How does the dull brown color of the female buntings help the species survive?


Choices:
- iron filings
- wood chips
- sand
- sugar

Question: Question: Which of these things will dissolve in water?


Choices:
- the formation of bubbles
- a reduction in total mass
- the disappearance of atoms
- an increase in the number of atoms

Question: Question: Students combined baking soda and vinegar to demonstrate a chemical reaction. What indicates that a chemical reaction occurred?


Choices:
- decreasing the pitch.
- increasing the frequency.
- increasing the amplitude.
- decreasing the wavelength.

Question: Question: The loudness of sound can be changed by


Choices:
- Return the mineral to its box.
- Rinse the mineral with water, dry it, and return it to the box.
- Wipe the mineral with a paper towel and return it to the box.
- Put the mineral in the sink and leave it for the teacher to clean up.

Question: Question: A mineral sample is obtained from a box, and acid is dropped on the sample to determine if it bubbles. Which best describes what should be done with the mineral after testing it?


Choices:
- 0°C
- 32°C
- 100°C
- 212°C

Question: Question: At what temperature does water begin to boil?


Choices:
- It was lost as potential energy.
- It was lost as chemical energy.
- It was converted to thermal energy.
- It was converted to magnetic energy.

Question: Question: Rosa and Ted ate granola bars before competing in a swimming competition. Less than 50% of the chemical energy in the granola bars was converted to mechanical energy during the swim competition. If all the energy in the granola bars was used, which most likely happened to the rest of the energy?


Choices:
- geothermal heating
- planetary rotation
- solar heating
- lunar tidal forces

Question: Question: What is the primary energy source driving circulation of ocean currents on Earth?


Choices:
- A high pressure area develops.
- The sea level rises on the coast.
- The winds start to spin clockwise.
- The supply of warm, moist air decreases.

Question: Question: Which statement best explains why the force of a hurricane diminishes as the hurricane moves over land?


Choices:
- Genes control inherited traits in organisms.
- Corn plants can reproduce in laboratory environments.
- Chromosomes can move around in the nucleus of a cell.
- Genes are able to disappear and reappear in later generations.

Question: Question: n 1931, Barbara McClintock discovered that genes could change position on a chromosome. In corn plants, if a certain gene was moved next to the gene that controls kernel color, the kernels in an ear of corn were various colors. Which statement best supports McClintock's discovery?


Choices:
- luster.
- streak.
- cleavage.
- hardness.

Question: Question: The breaking of a mineral into small, flat sheets is known as


Choices:
- the deserts
- the South Pole
- the equator
- the Western Hemisphere

Question: Question: Which location on Earth receives the most direct sunlight?


Choices:
- aerobic respiration
- sexual reproduction
- protein production
- nitrogen fixation

Question: Question: All living things are made up of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. Which function is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?


Choices:
- fall
- spring
- summer
- winter

Question: Question: Jamal lives in the Northern Hemisphere. Which season is it when the Northern Hemisphere is pointed away from the Sun?


Choices:
- Chemical energy changes to light energy.
- Chemical energy changes to heat energy.
- Electrical energy changes to light energy.
- Electrical energy changes to chemical energy.

Question: Question: What is an energy change that takes place in a light bulb?


Choices:
- heat energy
- light energy
- mechanical energy
- sound energy

Question: Question: When an electric fan is running, most of the incoming electrical energy changes into which kind of energy?


Choices:
- the amount of water it absorbs
- the length of its spines
- the type of organism that pollinates its flowers
- the number of organisms that consume its fruit

Question: Question: Which trait does a cactus seedling inherit from its parents?


Choices:
- The speed of the particles decreases.
- The particles begin to move in a straight line.
- The particles begin to move with a greater force.
- The motion of the particles becomes more random.

Question: Question: The freezing point of nitrous oxide is -91°C. Which of the following statements best describes the effect on the particles in liquid nitrous oxide as its temperature is lowered to -91°C?


Choices:
- two sticks being rubbed together
- a piece of wood burning
- steel wool rusting
- ice cubes melting

Question: Question: Which of the following will absorb heat energy?


Choices:
- watching television five hours a day
- sleeping three hours each night
- eating fruits and vegetables each day
- exercising once a month

Question: Question: Which behavior will best help a student stay healthy?


Choices:
- the asteroid belt
- the Andromeda Galaxy
- the solar system
- the Eagle Nebula

Question: Question: Which of these includes Earth?


Choices:
- element symbols
- negative numbers
- dependent variables
- independent variables

Question: Question: The vertical axis on a graph is the y-axis. What is most likely placed along the y-axis?


Choices:
- blinking
- breathing
- crying
- swimming

Question: Question: Monica learned that humans are born knowing how to do some things and they learn how to do other things. Which is a behavior humans learn?


Choices:
- increasing the size of the two magnets
- increasing the distance between the two magnets
- changing the color of the two magnets
- changing the texture of the two magnets

Question: Question: Which factor will cause a decrease in the force of attraction between two magnets?


Choices:
- tides
- four seasons
- night and day
- changes in the weather

Question: Question: What event occurs because of the rotation of Earth?


Choices:
- protons.
- neutrons.
- electrons.
- orbitals.

Question: Question: The identifying characteristic of an element is its number of


Choices:
- Both the parasite and the host benefit.
- Both the parasite and the host are harmed.
- The parasite benefits and the host is harmed.
- The parasite is harmed and the host benefits.

Question: Question: A species of wasp lays its eggs in the larva of another insect. The wasp is a parasite, and the larva is the host. What is the relationship between the parasite and the host?


Choices:
- pellicle
- cell wall
- cytoplasm
- cytoskeleton

Question: Question: Which structural characteristic is present in a paramecium that is not present in an amoeba?


Choices:
- tissue, cell, organ, organ system
- organ, cell, organ system, tissue
- cell, tissue, organ, organ system
- organ system, tissue, organ, cell

Question: Question: The structures in the bodies of many organisms have levels of organization that help the body to carry out life processes. Which list correctly shows how these levels are organized from the simplest to the most complex?


Choices:
- lab apron and goggles
- sunglasses and thermal gloves
- rubber shoes and sunglasses
- thermal gloves and goggles

Question: Question: Which safety gear are most important to wear when working near an open flame?


Choices:
- is a good way to earn money.
- produces more carbon dioxide for plants.
- decreases the amount of natural resources.
- is a way of conserving nonrenewable resources.

Question: Question: Recycling is important to the environment because it


Choices:
- the tilt of Earth
- the rotation of Earth
- the distance between Earth and the Sun
- the amount of rays produced by the Sun

Question: Question: Jamil studied how the position of Earth around the Sun affects the energy available on Earth. Which best explains why a particular place on Earth receives more energy during summer months than winter months?


Choices:
- evaporating
- condensing
- melting
- compacting

Question: Question: Shale is a common sedimentary rock. Which of these was required to form shale?


Choices:
- precipitation.
- condensation.
- evaporation.
- transpiration.

Question: Question: In the water cycle, rain, snow, or sleet falling to the ground is a form of


Choices:
- the production of sugar
- the release of energy
- the formation of new proteins for the cell
- the removal of waste products from the cell

Question: Question: Cells perform many different processes that an organism needs to survive and grow. Which is the main function of the process of cellular respiration?


Choices:
- space to move
- air to breathe
- sunlight to grow
- sound to communicate

Question: Question: A student places soil in a plastic container to make a home for some worms. The student cuts holes in the top of the container because the worms need


Choices:
- They are different substances.
- They have the same weight.
- They have the same densities.
- They are different mixtures.

Question: Question: If it is determined that the particles in one solid are arranged in a repeating pattern and the particles in another solid are arranged randomly, what must be true about the solids?


Choices:
- It gave spacecraft a timed trajectory.
- It ensured spacecraft would return home safely.
- It was helpful in planning spacecraft trajectories.
- It ensured spacecraft would avoid being pulled into the sun.

Question: Question: When manned space exploration began, NASA used the gravity assist concept so that spacecraft could conserve fuel. Which statement explains why the gravity assist concept was useful for spacecraft to successfully travel and return to Earth?


Choices:
- esophagus
- large intestine
- small intestine
- stomach

Question: Question: In which of the following organs is an acid produced?


Choices:
- the direction he ran and the average speed
- the distance he ran and the average velocity
- the beginning speed and the direction he ran
- the beginning velocity and the ending velocity

Question: Question: It took Stephen 12 seconds to run across a grass field. Which additional information does he need in order to calculate his acceleration during the run?


Choices:
- nuclear power plants and batteries
- forests and nuclear power plants
- batteries and waterfalls
- forests and waterfalls

Question: Question: What are two of Earth's natural resources?


Choices:
- air temperature
- wind speed
- amount of precipitation
- number of cloudy days

Question: Question: In New England, there are noticeable patterns of seasonal change. Which information could you collect to BEST illustrate this change?


Choices:
- friction
- light
- matter
- sound

Question: Question: Volume and mass are properties of


Choices:
- Water, rust, and salt are atoms.
- Water, rust, and salt are mixtures.
- Water, rust, and salt are elements.
- Water, rust, and salt are compounds.

Question: Question: Which of the following do water (H2O), rust (Fe2O3), and salt (NaCl) have in common?


Choices:
- electrical engineering
- astronomy
- agricultural research
- geology

Question: Question: Which of these careers would a student studying biotechnology most likely pursue?


Choices:
- Niels Bohr.
- Albert Einstein.
- Charles Darwin.
- Alfred Wegener.

Question: Question: The first person to introduce the idea of the continents moving around the surface of Earth was


Choices:
- organelles
- cells
- genes
- organs

Question: Question: The cells of organisms found in the phylum Porifera (sponges) are not organized into tissues. What structures are absent in organisms belonging to the phylum Porifera?


Choices:
- use the same size of paper.
- buy the same color of paper.
- fold the paper the same way.
- decorate the paper the same way.

Question: Question: A class wanted to see which paper airplane design could fly the farthest. In order to have the most accurate results, every student should


Choices:
- are lightweight.
- have insulation.
- make winter camping easy.
- cost less than other sleeping bags.

Question: Question: The following advertisement was placed in the window of a camping supply store. "The double-thermal 'Polar Snooze' sleeping bag is here! It will keep you warm for winter camping!" Based on this advertisement, the best conclusion about Polar Snooze sleeping bags is that they


Choices:
- one day
- one week
- one month
- one year

Question: Question: About how long does it take for Earth to make one revolution around the Sun?


Choices:
- The boy and girl inherit genetic material from the father only.
- The boy and girl inherit genetic material from the mother only.
- The boy and girl inherit genetic material from both parents.
- The boy inherits genetic material from the father only and the girl inherits it from the mother only.

Question: Question: Twins are born. One is a boy and one is a girl. Which statement is correct about their genetic makeup?


Choices:
- protons and neutrons
- protons and electrons
- neutrons and molecules
- molecules and electrons

Question: Question: Which particles are responsible for the electric charge of an atom?


Choices:
- fruits and vegetables
- bread, rice, and pasta
- milk and milk products
- meat, fish, and poultry

Question: Question: Which is the best source of vitamins and minerals?


Choices:
- electromagnet
- insulator
- circuit
- current

Question: Question: Copper wire is often wrapped in plastic. Plastic material is a good


Choices:
- A euglena can respond to light.
- A euglena can live in fresh water.
- A euglena can regulate water intake.
- A euglena can only reproduce asexually.

Question: Question: Teresa is making a list of the similarities and differences between a euglena and a volvox cell. In which way is the euglena different from the volvox cell?


Choices:
- breathing becomes faster.
- weight is lost.
- the heart rate increases.
- the food is stored as fat.

Question: Question: If the body takes in more food than it uses.


Choices:
- liter
- gram
- meter
- yard

Question: Question: The mass of an object is measured using which unit?


Choices:
- The Sun is losing mass and hydrogen.
- The Sun is losing volume and hydrogen.
- The Sun is losing mass and helium.
- The Sun is losing volume and helium.

Question: Question: The Sun transforms matter into energy through nuclear fusion. What can be inferred about the Sun from this fact?


Choices:
- Picking apples
- Feeding animals
- Selling clothes
- Building houses

Question: Question: Which job is done in Virginia only during the fall season?


Choices:
- 1
- 2
- 20
- 200

Question: Question: A scientist is studying the effect of acid rain on oak trees. Of the numbers below, which would be the number of oak trees the scientist should use to obtain the most reliable data?


Choices:
- Finding shelter
- Hiding from predators
- Gathering enough food
- Raising young

Question: Question: Camouflage MOST helps an animal with which of these life needs?


Choices:
- land scarred by forest fires
- erosion of ocean shorelines
- converging plate boundaries
- destruction of tropical rain forests

Question: Question: There are a variety of events that can disrupt ecosystems. Some events result in local disturbances and others can affect a much larger area. Which event would most likely result in change on a global scale?


Choices:
- increasing the current in the circuit
- placing rubber insulation on wires in the circuit
- reversing the direction of current flow in the circuit
- using circuit wires with a lower resistance

Question: Question: A hardware designer finds that the wiring in a circuit is releasing enough heat to make the circuit dangerously hot. Which change would best solve this problem?


Choices:
- make oxygen.
- release energy.
- digest nutrients.
- cause movement.

Question: Question: There are different kinds of muscles in the human body. Each muscle is formed from a group of cells that works together. The main function of a group of muscle cells is to


Choices:
- flat eraser
- round ball
- bent paper clip
- wooden cube

Question: Question: Four objects are on a wooden ramp. Which object is most likely to roll off the ramp if it is pushed gently?


Choices:
- a solute.
- an element.
- a mineral.
- a mixture.

Question: Question: When zinc and copper are melted together, brass is formed. Brass is an example of


Choices:
- Tie identical weights to two strings of different lengths.
- Tie two different weights to a string.
- Tie identical weights to a long string.
- Tie two different weights to two identical strings.

Question: Question: Choose the investigation that would best answer the question: Does the length of a string change how fast a pendulum swings?


Choices:
- vegetative budding
- binary fission
- cloning
- fertilization

Question: Question: Meiosis is necessary for which reproductive event to occur?


Choices:
- on a space station
- in a space shuttle
- on a space probe
- in a lunar module

Question: Question: Some astronauts may spend several months in space orbiting Earth. Where do these astronauts most likely stay while in space?


Choices:
- an increase in the amount of coral reefs
- a decrease in temperature, causing earlier frosts
- an increase in the number of heat waves, causing droughts
- a decrease in temperature, causing shorter growing seasons

Question: Question: Which is a possible consequence of global warming?


Choices:
- producer
- herbivore
- carnivore
- omnivore

Question: Question: A brown bear eats a variety of foods including berries, insects, and small animals. Which best describes a brown bear?


Choices:
- nucleus
- chloroplast
- cell membrane
- cell wall

Question: Question: In which part of a plant cell does photosynthesis occur?


Choices:
- nuclear energy
- biofuel energy
- wind energy
- geothermal energy

Question: Question: Which alternative energy resource adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?


Choices:
- condensation.
- evaporation.
- freezing.
- melting.

Question: Question: Energy from the Sun changes a liquid to a gas by the process of


Choices:
- seasonal changes
- hours in a day
- heights of tides
- moon phases

Question: Question: Which of the following is a result of the tilt of Earth's axis?


Choices:
- synthesize sugars.
- synthesize proteins.
- transform sugar into cellular energy.
- transform proteins into useful nutrients.

Question: Question: Chloroplasts absorb light energy. The function of the chloroplast is to


Choices:
- physical.
- chemical.
- electrical.
- mechanical.

Question: Question: When water changes from a liquid to a gas and then the steam condenses back to the liquid form, these types of changes are


Choices:
- consumer to producer
- producer to consumer
- decomposer to producer
- decomposer to consumer

Question: Question: What direction is the movement of the energy in a food web?


Choices:
- Its height increases.
- Its height decreases.
- Its length shortens.
- It crests.

Question: Question: When the velocity of an ocean wave decreases as it approaches a shore, what happens to the wave?


Choices:
- friction
- gravity
- radiation
- magnetism

Question: Question: Which is a force that keeps Earth in orbit around the Sun?


Choices:
- nucleus
- cell membrane
- vacuole
- chloroplast

Question: Question: Substances enter any plant or animal cell by passing through which of the following structures?


Choices:
- Some diseases can be treated.
- Purple clothing can be made.
- Sea animals are not needed to make purple dye.
- Perkins is famous for discovering a new medicine.

Question: Question: Many years ago, purple dye was made from some sea animals. Then, in 1856, William Perkins tried to make a new medicine. Instead, he found a way to make purple dye from coal. What is a positive effect of his discovery?


Choices:
- a solution.
- a mixture.
- a compound.
- an element.

Question: Question: When magnesium (Mg) metal is burned in the presence of oxygen (O?), magnesium oxide (MgO) is produced. The properties of magnesium oxide are different than the individual properties of magnesium and oxygen because magnesium oxide is


Choices:
- It was once underwater.
- It was once much warmer.
- It has become a rockier place.
- It has changed little from then.

Question: Question: Fossils of sea animals were found in a cave in Arkansas. What does this mean about that area of Arkansas in the past?


Choices:
- metric ruler
- stopwatch
- triple beam balance
- graduated cylinder

Question: Question: Which instrument would be best for measuring the volume of a pebble?


Choices:
- minerals
- oxygen
- heat
- water

Question: Question: Which of these is a waste product of plant cells?


Choices:
- a source of solar power
- a source of electrical power
- a source of renewable energy
- a source of nonrenewable energy

Question: Question: It can take millions of years for fossil fuels to form. These fossil fuels form underground from decaying plants and animals. Which term best describes a fossil fuel?


Choices:
- relatively thin layer of rock found above Earth's mantle
- relatively thin layer of water covering most of Earth's crust
- hot liquid rock located in Earth's outer core
- very dense rock located in Earth's inner core

Question: Question: Earth's hydrosphere is best described as the


Choices:
- friction
- speed
- gravity
- mass

Question: Question: When riding a roller coaster, an electric motor pulls the roller coaster to the top of the first hill. What force pulls the roller coaster down the hill?


Choices:
- hawk
- mushroom
- mouse
- grass

Question: Question: Which of these organisms is classified as a decomposer?


Choices:
- reptile
- fish
- amphibian
- mammal

Question: Question: A cold-blooded vertebrate with smooth skin belongs to what class of animals?


Choices:
- A winter storm that produces frozen precipitation
- A rotating funnel-shaped cloud with strong winds and thunderstorms
- A severe weather condition with low temperatures and blowing snow
- A storm that forms over warm ocean water and has extremely strong winds

Question: Question: Which of these best describes a tornado?


Choices:
- respiration.
- fertilization.
- evaporation.
- photosynthesis.

Question: Question: Plants use carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during the process of


Choices:
- deltas
- mountains
- dunes
- islands

Question: Question: A reverse fault occurs when one side of a fault plane is driven up over the other side. Reverse faults can cause which of these landforms?


Choices:
- a glass jar
- a paper cup
- a wooden box
- a plastic bottle

Question: Question: A student is collecting water samples. The student needs a container that holds water, will not break easily, and can be used many times. Which of the following containers will best meet the student's needs?


Choices:
- a virus suspended in the air
- an accident on a playground
- a genetic mutation in somatic cells
- an occurrence of acid rain

Question: Question: What condition is most likely to spread an illness between people?


Choices:
- deep-sea currents
- earthquake formation
- spreading of the sea floor
- sedimentary rocks

Question: Question: When scientists proposed the Theory of Continental Drift, there were many skeptics. Which discovery confirmed that the continents move on plates?


Choices:
- carbon dioxide and water
- oxygen and carbon dioxide
- carbon dioxide and food
- oxygen and food

Question: Question: Which two things are produced when a plant breaks down sugar to release energy?


Choices:
- linear movement due west
- linear movement due south
- clockwise movement
- counterclockwise movement

Question: Question: A scientist wants to track contaminant movement in the Gulf Stream. The Gulf Stream is a warm water current in the North Atlantic Ocean and is part of the North Atlantic gyre. The gyre is influenced by the Coriolis effect. To follow the contaminant after it exits the Gulf Stream, the scientist needs to know characteristics of the North Atlantic gyre. Which of these best describes a movement of the North Atlantic gyre the scientist needs to know?


Choices:
- burning fossil fuels in power plants
- using pesticides on agricultural crops
- dumping waste matter into ocean waters
- clearing native forests for industrialization

Question: Question: The growing human population has many practices that adversely impact the environment. Acid rain is one example of environmental damage that is related to human activities. Which human activity is most likely the largest contributor to acid rain?


Choices:
- It freezes.
- It condenses.
- It vaporizes.
- It polarizes.

Question: Question: What happens to the water vapor in an air mass as it ascends?


Choices:
- wind direction and amount of erosion
- gravity and amount of rain
- groundwater and cloud cover
- air temperature and wind speed

Question: Question: Which two terms are used to describe weather?


Choices:
- day
- month
- year
- century

Question: Question: In what unit of time does Earth orbit the Sun?


Choices:
- quiet zones
- drop zones
- heavy objects
- frictionless surfaces

Question: Question: While conducting an experiment on gravity, what will be needed to ensure the safety of students?


Choices:
- region
- niche
- family
- community

Question: Question: All of the populations of species in an area make up a


Choices:
- obtain nutrients.
- grow and reproduce.
- make proteins.
- conserve matter and energy.

Question: Question: Cell division is necessary for an organism to


Choices:
- mutation
- hybridization
- genetic drift
- trait acquisition

Question: Question: A large plant population may impose selective pressure on a smaller, isolated group of plants, resulting in a change in allele distribution. Which mechanism is responsible for this change in the allele distribution?


Choices:
- mass.
- volume.
- length.
- density.

Question: Question: Two samples of gold must have the same


Choices:
- pie graph.
- bar graph.
- line graph.
- pictograph.

Question: Question: A student organizes a list of the distances that five students ran in 10 minutes. Another way to best organize this data is by using a


Choices:
- type of soil used
- amount of water used
- length of sunlight exposure
- growth of the bean plants

Question: Question: What is the dependent variable in this experiment?


Choices:
- kinetic energy into electric energy
- nuclear energy into electric energy
- thermal energy into electric energy
- chemical energy into electric energy

Question: Question: Electricity is produced in a hydroelectric plant when moving water turns a turbine. Which describes this energy transformation from the turning turbine to electricity?


Choices:
- nova
- red giant
- supernova
- white dwarf

Question: Question: When a star explodes, an intensely bright object is formed. What is the name of this object?


Choices:
- The westward deflection of equatorial winds.
- The movement of rising air currents away from the equator.
- The rotation of storm systems.
- The formation of calm "eyes" in the centers of cyclones.

Question: Question: The Earth's equator receives more direct sunlight than the regions to its north and south. This distribution of sunlight accounts directly for which phenomenon?


Choices:
- to make sugar in the leaves
- to use starch from the stems
- to move water to the flowers
- to get nutrients through the roots

Question: Question: The class puts the planters by the window so that the plants can get more sunlight. How do the tomato plants use sunlight?


Choices:
- an increase in biodiversity
- soil erosion along with water pollution
- the growth of plants in newly cleared areas
- animals relocating to different habitats

Question: Question: Which of these is the most serious impact to an ecosystem after a tornado?


Choices:
- orbits of the planets around the Sun
- rotation of a planet on its axis
- tilt of Earth's axis
- phases of the Moon

Question: Question: Gravity is responsible for the ___.


Choices:
- the nervous system
- the digestive system
- the excretory system
- the endocrine system

Question: Question: Some runners ate pasta before a race. The pasta was broken down into simple sugars and was absorbed by the blood stream. What body system was responsible for breaking down the pasta into small nutrients for use in the cells of the runners?


Choices:
- trenches
- rift zones
- tidal zones
- mountain ranges

Question: Question: Which crustal feature forms when two continental plates collide?


Choices:
- transform boundary
- divergent boundary
- subduction zone
- hot spot

Question: Question: At which location does the movement of tectonic plates form isolated volcanic islands, such as Hawaii?