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## Pythia's Oasis Methane Seep YOLOv12 Benthic Megafauna Object Detection Model
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Methane seeps are a critical source of habitat and primary productivity in the deep sea. They also support commercially important fish species, including sablefish and rockfish. Due to the difficulty of studying these habitats, many have not been ecologically characterized. In order to monitor the health of the deep ocean in the face of global climate change, it is important to investigate species and habitat diversity around methane seeps.
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This model aims to help count and identify species at a specific methane seep site called Pythia’s Oasis, off the coast of Oregon. The site is at a depth of about 1,000 meters and is unique because of the presence of warm diffuse flow as well as methane hydrate. The site has a high diversity and density of marine life, and is distinct enough from nearby sites that it requires its own model.
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## Pythia's Oasis Methane Seep YOLOv12 Benthic Megafauna Object Detection Model
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Methane seeps are a critical source of habitat and primary productivity in the deep sea. They also support commercially important fish species, including sablefish and rockfish. Due to the difficulty of studying these habitats, many have not been ecologically characterized. In order to monitor the health of the deep ocean in the face of global climate change, it is important to investigate species and habitat diversity around methane seeps.
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This model aims to help count and identify species at a specific methane seep site called Pythia’s Oasis, off the coast of Oregon. The site is at a depth of about 1,000 meters and is unique because of the presence of warm diffuse flow as well as methane hydrate. The site has a high diversity and density of marine life, and is distinct enough from nearby sites that it requires its own model.
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---
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## Dataset
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This dataset is a series of frames pulled from ROV video during the Pythia’s Oasis research cruise in 2019. Although multiple dives occurred in this location, this dataset only includes imagery from the first dive, J2-1225. The original dive footage was edited down to about an hour and a half, excluding the ascent and descent, as well as removing video with the ROV arm or other machinery. In total, 1,110 images were extracted from the edited footage. Initial annotation predictions were made by Fathomnet, and classes were then cleaned manually. The classes include a variety of anemones, fishes, crabs, corals, sea stars, jellies, and sea cucumbers. Clams and snails, while present, were excluded due to time constraints during annotation.
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| Class Name | Number of Annotations |
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| ---------------------- | --------------------- |
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| Actiniaria | 1865 |
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| Transluscent Actinaria | 13 |
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| Soft Coral | 200 |
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| Black Coral | 10 |
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| Hippastera | 2 |
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| Asteroidea | 10 |
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| Isosicyonis | 208 |
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| Small Anemone | 56 |
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| Scotoplanes | 1089 |
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| Eelpout | 105 |
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| Rattail | 28 |
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| Rockfish | 1057 |
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| Deep Sea Sole | 31 |
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| Hagfish | 20 |
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