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+ # SAT Retrofit Experiment: Can AR Models Be Forced to Output Multiple Tokens?
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+
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+ ## TL;DR
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+ **No.** Autoregressive (AR) models cannot be "snapped" to Semi-Autoregressive (SAT) inference. The hidden states only encode single next-token prediction. Joint AR+SAT training from scratch is required.
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+
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+ ## Key Results
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+
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+ ### Speed
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+ | Method | Tokens/sec | Speedup |
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+ |--------|-----------|---------|
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+ | AR (baseline) | 75.6 | 1.0x |
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+ | Forced SAT (block=2) | 149.9 | **1.98x** |
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+
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+ ### Quality (Perplexity - lower is better)
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+ | Prompt | AR | Forced SAT | Degradation |
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+ |--------|-----|------------|-------------|
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+ | "The quick brown fox" | 16.2 | 424.0 | **26x worse** |
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+ | "In the beginning" | 7.4 | 69.0 | **9x worse** |
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+ | "Once upon a time" | 8.9 | 56.5 | **6x worse** |
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+ | "The scientist discovered" | 10.8 | 296.8 | **27x worse** |
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+ | "Machine learning is" | 7.7 | 133.6 | **17x worse** |
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+
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+ ### Example Outputs
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+
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+ **Prompt:** "The scientist discovered that"
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+
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+ - **AR (good):** "the bacteria were able to grow in the air, and that they could also grow in the water."
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+ - **Forced SAT (broken):** "the thatched bacteria were roofing able to offload growling the bacteria spores into into the the"
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+
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+ ## Why It Fails
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+
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+ AR model hidden states at position N only encode "what is token N+1" - singular. There is no representation for "what are tokens N+1 AND N+2 simultaneously."
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+
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+ When you force 2-token output:
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+ - Token 1: Predicted from position -1 (correct context) ✓
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+ - Token 2: Predicted from position -2 (STALE context, one step behind) ✗
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+
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+ This creates alternating reasonable/wrong tokens as the model answers questions about outdated context.
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+
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+ ## The Solution: Joint AR+SAT Training
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+
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+ Train the model on BOTH objectives from initialization:
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+ - AR loss: predict next token
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+ - SAT loss: predict next N tokens simultaneously
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+
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+ This forces the model to build representations that encode multiple future tokens from each position, enabling both inference modes.
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+
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+ See: [AGILLM-3](https://huggingface.co/OpenTransformer/AGILLM-3-large) for a working implementation.
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+
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+ ## Reproducing
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ pip install torch transformers
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+ python sat_test.py
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+
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+ If you use this finding, please cite:
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+ ```
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+ @misc{sat_retrofit_2026,
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+ author = {Scott Bisset},
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+ title = {AR Models Cannot Be Retrofitted for SAT Inference},
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+ year = {2026},
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+ publisher = {OpenTransformers Ltd}
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## License
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+ MIT