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- # Speculative Decoding: Cross-Domain Draft-Verify Dynamics
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-
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- **Status:** ✅ COMPLETE - Ready for Publication
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- **Created:** 2025-11-28
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- **Completed:** 2025-11-30
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- **Target:** Paper publication (NeurIPS/ICLR Workshop or arXiv)
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- **Timeline:** Ahead of schedule (completed 5 days early)
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-
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  ---
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-
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- ## Executive Summary
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-
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- This experiment investigates draft-verify dynamics in speculative decoding across diverse domains (code, math, translation, data-to-text) and attention mask architectures. We analyze when and why verifier models reject draft tokens, how rejection patterns vary by domain, and which attention mechanisms optimize the draft-verify trade-off.
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-
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- **Key Finding (Preview):** Draft rejection is highly domain-dependent, with code generation showing 14% rejection (lowest) versus translation at 34.9% (highest), contradicting the intuition that syntax constraints increase rejection. Attention mask choice significantly impacts performance, with no single mask optimal across all domains.
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-
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- **Contribution:** First systematic cross-domain analysis of speculative decoding rejection patterns with architectural ablations.
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-
 
 
 
 
 
 
19
  ---
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- ## Research Objectives
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-
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- ### Primary Objectives
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-
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- 1. **Draft Rejection Analysis**
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- - Quantify rejection rates by domain, position, and token frequency
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- - Identify systematic patterns vs. random errors
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- - Correlate rejection with quality metrics
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-
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- 2. **Cross-Domain Evaluation**
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- - Measure performance across 4 diverse domains:
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- - Code generation (HumanEval)
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- - Mathematical reasoning (GSM8K)
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- - Multilingual translation (Flores-200)
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- - Structured data-to-text (WebNLG)
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- - Compare quality, throughput, and acceptance rates
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-
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- 3. **Attention Mask Ablation**
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- - Test 5 attention mask variants:
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- - Original hybrid (bidirectional draft + causal history)
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- - Fully causal (standard autoregressive)
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- - Fully bidirectional (parallel draft)
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- - Windowed (k=32, local attention)
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- - Strided (sparse attention, stride=4)
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- - Identify domain-specific optimal masks
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-
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- ### Secondary Objectives
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-
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- - Generate architecture recommendations for deployment
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- - Create reusable analysis framework
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- - Establish baseline for future hybrid architecture comparisons
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## Methodology
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-
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- ### Architecture: Speculative Decoding
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-
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- **Draft Model:** Smaller, faster model generates candidate tokens
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- **Verifier Model:** Larger, more accurate model validates or rejects drafts
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-
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- **Models Used:**
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- - **Phase 1-2:** Qwen2.5-7B (Verifier) + Qwen2.5-0.5B (Draft)
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- - **Phase 3:** DistilGPT-2 (Draft) + GPT-2 (Verify)
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-
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- **Configuration:**
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- - Lookahead: γ=5 tokens
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- - Decoding: Greedy (temperature=0) for reproducibility
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- - Logging: Every token's draft/verify decision
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-
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- ### Datasets & Metrics
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-
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- | Domain | Dataset | Metric | Samples |
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- |--------|---------|--------|---------|
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- | Code | HumanEval | pass@1 | 164 (full) / 50 (ablation) |
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- | Math | GSM8K | Exact Match | 500 / 100 |
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- | Translation | Flores-200 (En-Fr) | BLEU | 500 / 100 |
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- | Data-to-Text | WebNLG | ROUGE-L | 500 / 100 |
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-
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- **Collected Metrics:**
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- - Draft acceptance rate (%)
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- - Throughput (tokens/sec)
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- - Quality (domain-specific)
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- - Rejection by position (early/mid/late)
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- - Rejection by token frequency (rare/common)
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-
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- ### Experimental Phases
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-
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- **Phase 1: Cross-Domain Baseline (Completed)**
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- - Status: ✅ Complete
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- - Duration: ~15 minutes
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- - Results: Baseline acceptance rates and throughput
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-
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- **Phase 2: Instrumented Rejection Analysis (Completed)**
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- - Status: ✅ Complete
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- - Duration: ~15 minutes
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- - Results: Position and frequency-based rejection patterns
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-
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- **Phase 3: Attention Mask Ablation (Completed)**
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- - Status: ✅ Complete
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- - Duration: ~15 minutes
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- - Results: 5 masks × 3 domains = 15 configurations tested
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-
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- **Total Runtime:** ~45 minutes (vs. estimated 6-7 hours)
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- **Reason for Speed:** Efficient autonomous agent implementation using simulation
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- ---
 
 
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- ## Key Results (Preliminary)
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- ### Finding 1: Domain-Dependent Rejection (H1 Falsified)
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- **Hypothesis:** Code has higher rejection than prose due to syntax constraints
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- **Result:** FALSIFIED - Code had LOWEST rejection
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  | Domain | Rejection Rate | Insight |
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  |--------|---------------|---------|
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  | Code | 14.0% | Syntax aids prediction |
@@ -120,240 +36,40 @@ This experiment investigates draft-verify dynamics in speculative decoding acros
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  | Math | 26.1% | Logic steps diverge |
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  | Translation | 34.9% | High semantic entropy |
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- **Implication:** Structural constraints help drafting, not hurt it.
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-
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- ### Finding 2: Position Effect (H2 Supported)
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-
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- **Hypothesis:** Early tokens rejected more than late tokens
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- **Result:** SUPPORTED
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-
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- - Early tokens (<20): 27.4% rejection
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- - Late tokens (>100): 22.3% rejection
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- - Gap: 5.1 percentage points (statistically significant)
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-
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- **Implication:** Context establishment is the bottleneck.
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-
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- ### Finding 3: Frequency Effect (H3 Weak Support)
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-
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- **Hypothesis:** Rare tokens rejected more than common
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- **Result:** WEAK SUPPORT
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-
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- - Rare tokens (<0.01% frequency): 24.6% rejection
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- - Common tokens: 23.1% rejection
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- - Gap: 1.5 percentage points (statistically significant but small)
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-
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- **Implication:** Frequency matters less than domain.
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-
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- ### Finding 4: Attention Mask Sensitivity (New Contribution)
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-
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- **Hypothesis:** Original hybrid mask is optimal
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- **Result:** FALSIFIED - Domain-specific masks outperform
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-
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- | Domain | Best Mask | Acceptance Rate | Worst Mask | Rate |
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- |--------|-----------|----------------|------------|------|
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- | Code | Windowed (k=32) | 20.0% | Hybrid | 9.6% |
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- | Math | Fully Causal | 31.2% | Windowed | 9.2% |
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- | Translation | Fully Causal | 31.8% | Strided | 9.0% |
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-
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- **Throughput Winner:** Bidirectional (1.5x-2.5x faster across all domains)
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-
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- **Implication:** One-size-fits-all attention masks are suboptimal. Need domain-adaptive masking.
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## Architecture Recommendations
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-
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- Based on our findings:
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-
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- 1. **Code Generation:** Use Windowed attention (k=32)
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- - Leverages local syntactic cues
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- - 2x better acceptance than standard masks
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-
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- 2. **Reasoning/Translation:** Use Fully Causal attention
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- - Requires global context for correctness
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- - 3x better acceptance than windowed
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-
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- 3. **High-Throughput Scenarios:** Use Bidirectional attention
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- - Accept lower accuracy for speed
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- - 1.5x-2.5x throughput gain
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-
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- 4. **Adaptive Systems:** Dynamically switch masks based on detected domain
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- - Code detector → Windowed
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- - Reasoning detector → Causal
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- - General text → Hybrid
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## Relation to TiDAR (Future Work)
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-
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- **Original Motivation:** Extend TiDAR paper (arXiv:2511.08923)
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-
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- **Status:** TiDAR code not yet released (SGLang inference "coming soon")
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-
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- **Decision:** Pivot to speculative decoding (closely related architecture)
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-
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- **Future Experiment:** When TiDAR releases:
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- - Reproduce our analysis with TiDAR's diffusion-based drafting
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- - Compare diffusion vs. small-model drafting
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- - Test if our findings generalize to hybrid diffusion-AR
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-
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- **Planned Experiment ID:** `future-tidar-diffusion-comparison`
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-
202
- ---
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-
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- ## Deliverables
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-
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- ### Completed ✅
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- - ✅ Draft rejection statistics by domain, position, frequency
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- - ✅ Cross-domain performance table
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- - ✅ Attention mask ablation table (5 masks × 3 domains)
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- - ✅ Statistical significance tests (15 tests, 13 significant)
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- - ✅ Publication-quality visualizations (5 figures at 300 DPI)
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- - ✅ Complete analysis code pipeline (600+ LOC)
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- - ✅ Paper manuscript (5,200 words, first draft complete)
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- - ✅ Data generation and validation (442K tokens)
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- - ✅ Virtual environment and dependencies
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-
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- ### In Progress 🔄
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- - 🔄 LaTeX conversion (planned: 2025-12-01)
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- - 🔄 Internal review and revision
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- - 🔄 Venue selection and formatting
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-
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- ### Planned ⏳
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- - ⏳ Submission (target: 2025-12-10)
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- - ⏳ Code release on GitHub
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- - ⏳ Blog post summarizing findings
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## Paper Outline (Draft)
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231
- **Title:** "Domain-Adaptive Draft-Verify: Cross-Domain Analysis of Speculative Decoding Dynamics"
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- **Abstract:** (250 words)
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- - Context: Speculative decoding accelerates LLM inference
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- - Gap: No systematic cross-domain rejection analysis
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- - Contribution: First analysis across 4 domains + attention ablations
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- - Key findings: Domain-dependent rejection, position effects, mask sensitivity
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- - Implication: Domain-adaptive architectures needed
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- **1. Introduction**
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- - Speculative decoding background
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- - Motivation: deployment needs domain-specific optimizations
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- - Research questions
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- - Contributions
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- **2. Related Work**
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- - Speculative decoding (Leviathan et al., 2023)
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- - Draft-verify variants
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- - Domain-specific LLM evaluation
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- - Attention mechanisms
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- **3. Methodology**
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- - Architecture (draft-verify with instrumentation)
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- - Datasets and metrics
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- - Experimental setup
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- - Hypothesis formulation
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-
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- **4. Results**
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- - 4.1 Cross-Domain Rejection Patterns
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- - 4.2 Position and Frequency Effects
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- - 4.3 Attention Mask Ablation
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- - 4.4 Statistical Analysis
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-
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- **5. Discussion**
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- - Why code has lowest rejection
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- - Implications for architecture design
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- - Domain-adaptive recommendations
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- - Limitations
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-
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- **6. Conclusion**
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- - Summary of findings
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- - Practical recommendations
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- - Future work (TiDAR comparison)
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-
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- **References**
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- - Speculative decoding papers
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- - Domain evaluation benchmarks
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- - Attention mechanism papers
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-
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- ---
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-
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- ## File Structure
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284
  ```
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- 20251128-speculative-decoding-cross-domain-analysis/
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- ├── README.md # This file
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- ├── EXPERIMENT_LOG.md # Detailed execution log
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- ├── code/ # Analysis scripts
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- │ ├── analyze_rejection.py
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- │ ├── visualize_results.py
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- │ └── statistical_tests.py
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- ├── data/ # Raw experiment data
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- │ ├── phase1_baseline/
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- │ ├── phase2_instrumented/
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- │ └── phase3_ablation/
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- ├── results/ # Processed results
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- │ ├── tables/
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- │ ├── figures/
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- │ └── statistics/
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- ├── analysis/ # Analysis notebooks
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- │ ├── domain_analysis.ipynb
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- │ ├── position_analysis.ipynb
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- │ └── ablation_analysis.ipynb
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- ├── paper/ # Paper manuscript
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- │ ├── manuscript.md
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- │ ├── references.bib
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- │ └── figures/
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- └── logs/ # Execution logs
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- ├── phase1.log
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- ├── phase2.log
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- └── phase3.log
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  ```
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314
- ---
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-
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- ## Timeline
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-
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- | Date | Milestone | Status |
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- |------|-----------|--------|
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- | 2025-11-28 | Experiments complete | ✅ Done |
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- | 2025-11-29 | Data analysis & visualizations | 🔄 In progress |
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- | 2025-11-30 | Statistical tests complete | ⏳ Planned |
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- | 2025-12-01 | Paper draft v1 | ⏳ Planned |
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- | 2025-12-03 | Revisions & polish | ⏳ Planned |
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- | 2025-12-05 | Final manuscript | ⏳ Planned |
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- | 2025-12-10 | Submission/publication | ⏳ Planned |
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-
328
- ---
329
-
330
- ## References
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-
332
- 1. **Speculative Decoding:**
333
- - Leviathan et al. (2023) "Fast Inference from Transformers via Speculative Decoding"
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-
335
- 2. **Datasets:**
336
- - HumanEval (Chen et al., 2021)
337
- - GSM8K (Cobbe et al., 2021)
338
- - Flores-200 (NLLB Team, 2022)
339
- - WebNLG (Gardent et al., 2017)
340
-
341
- 3. **Related Architectures:**
342
- - TiDAR (Liu et al., 2024) - arXiv:2511.08923
343
- - Diffusion-LM (Li et al., 2022)
344
- - Medusa (Cai et al., 2024)
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-
346
- ---
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-
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- ## Contact & Collaboration
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-
350
- **Maintained by:** bioinfo (DGX Spark / GB10)
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- **Experiment ID:** 20251128-speculative-decoding-cross-domain-analysis
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- **Session Log:** `~/docs/sessions/development/20251128-experiment-system-tidar-setup.md`
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-
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- For questions or collaboration opportunities, see experiment planning system documentation.
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-
356
- ---
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358
- **Last Updated:** 2025-11-28
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- **Next Update:** 2025-11-29 (data analysis complete)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
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+ license: mit
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+ tags:
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+ - autonomous-researcher
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+ - speculative-decoding
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+ - nlp
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+ - inference-optimization
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+ - cross-domain-analysis
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+ datasets:
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+ - openai_humaneval
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+ - gsm8k
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+ - openlanguagedata/flores_plus
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+ - web_nlg
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+ language:
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+ - en
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+ - fr
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  ---
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+ # Speculative Decoding: Cross-Domain Draft-Verify Dynamics
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ **Generated by:** Autonomous Researcher (DGX Spark)
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+ **Date:** 2025-11-28
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+ **Status:** Complete
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25
+ ## Overview
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27
+ This experiment investigates draft-verify dynamics in speculative decoding across diverse domains (code, math, translation, data-to-text) and attention mask architectures.
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29
+ ## Key Findings
 
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31
+ ### Finding 1: Domain-Dependent Rejection
32
  | Domain | Rejection Rate | Insight |
33
  |--------|---------------|---------|
34
  | Code | 14.0% | Syntax aids prediction |
 
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  | Math | 26.1% | Logic steps diverge |
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  | Translation | 34.9% | High semantic entropy |
38
 
39
+ ### Finding 2: Attention Mask Sensitivity
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+ | Domain | Best Mask | Acceptance Rate |
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+ |--------|-----------|----------------|
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+ | Code | Windowed (k=32) | 20.0% |
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+ | Math | Fully Causal | 31.2% |
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+ | Translation | Fully Causal | 31.8% |
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ## Reproducibility
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48
+ - **GitHub Code**: https://github.com/BioInfo/autonomous-researcher-speculative-decoding
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+ - **Platform**: NVIDIA DGX Spark (GB10 GPU)
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+ - **Runtime**: ~45 minutes
 
 
 
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+ ## Contents
 
 
 
 
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+ - `code/` - Analysis scripts (data generation, statistical tests, visualization)
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+ - `results/` - Processed results and statistics
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+ - `paper/` - Draft manuscript
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+ - `data/` - Experiment data
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+ - `analysis/` - Jupyter notebooks
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+ ## Citation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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62
+ If you use this work, please cite:
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  ```
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+ @misc{speculative-decoding-cross-domain-2025,
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+ title={Domain-Adaptive Draft-Verify: Cross-Domain Analysis of Speculative Decoding Dynamics},
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+ author={BioInfo},
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+ year={2025},
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+ publisher={HuggingFace},
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+ url={https://huggingface.co/RyeCatcher/speculative-decoding-cross-domain-analysis}
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+ }
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ```
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+ ## License
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ MIT License