--- license: apache-2.0 pipeline_tag: image-classification --- # SqueezeNext ## **Use case** : `Image classification` # Model description SqueezeNext is the successor to SqueezeNet, offering **improved accuracy through skip connections, bottleneck modules, and separable convolutions**. It is specifically designed for hardware efficiency. The architecture employs a **two-stage bottleneck** with 1x1 squeeze followed by 1x1-3x3 expand patterns, with **skip connections** added for improved gradient flow. **Separable convolutions** further reduce computational cost, and the **hardware-aware design** is optimized for specific hardware platforms. SqueezeNext is ideal for applications requiring SqueezeNet-style compactness with better accuracy, and hardware platforms with specific optimization targets. (source: https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.10615) The model is quantized to **int8** using **ONNX Runtime** and exported for efficient deployment. ## Network information | Network Information | Value | |--------------------|-------| | Framework | Torch | | MParams | ~0.68–3.17 M | | Quantization | Int8 | | Provenance | https://github.com/amirgholami/SqueezeNext | | Paper | https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.10615 | ## Network inputs / outputs For an image resolution of NxM and P classes | Input Shape | Description | | ----- | ----------- | | (1, N, M, 3) | Single NxM RGB image with UINT8 values between 0 and 255 | | Output Shape | Description | | ----- | ----------- | | (1, P) | Per-class confidence for P classes in FLOAT32| ## Recommended platforms | Platform | Supported | Recommended | |----------|-----------|-----------| | STM32L0 |[]|[]| | STM32L4 |[]|[]| | STM32U5 |[]|[]| | STM32H7 |[]|[]| | STM32MP1 |[]|[]| | STM32MP2 |[]|[]| | STM32N6 |[x]|[x]| # Performances ## Metrics - Measures are done with default STEdgeAI Core configuration with enabled input / output allocated option. - All the models are trained from scratch on Imagenet dataset ### Reference **NPU** memory footprint on Imagenet dataset (see Accuracy for details on dataset) | Model | Dataset | Format | Resolution | Series | Internal RAM (KiB) | External RAM (KiB) | Weights Flash (KiB) | STEdgeAI Core version | |-------|---------|--------|------------|--------|--------------|--------------|---------------|----------------------| | [sqnxt23_x100_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6 | 2086.45 | 3025 | 693.67 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23_x150_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6 | 2087.48 | 6806.25 | 1453.99 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23_x200_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6 | 2275.52 | 9075 | 2493.33 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6 | 2087.48 | 6806.25 | 1879.24 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6 | 2275.52 | 9075 | 3249.45 | 3.0.0 | ### Reference **NPU** inference time on Imagenet dataset (see Accuracy for details on dataset) | Model | Dataset | Format | Resolution | Board | Execution Engine | Inference time (ms) | Inf / sec | STEdgeAI Core version | |--------|---------|--------|--------|-------------|------------------|------------------|---------------------|-------------------------| | [sqnxt23_x100_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6570-DK | NPU/MCU | 87.07 | 11.49 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23_x150_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6570-DK | NPU/MCU | 127.46 | 7.85 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23_x200_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6570-DK | NPU/MCU | 182.12 | 5.49 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6570-DK | NPU/MCU | 86.37 | 11.58 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6570-DK | NPU/MCU | 126.91 | 7.88 | 3.0.0 | | [sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Imagenet | Int8 | 224×224×3 | STM32N6570-DK | NPU/MCU | 181.01 | 5.52 | 3.0.0 | ### Accuracy with Imagenet dataset | Model | Format | Resolution | Top 1 Accuracy | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [sqnxt23_x100_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 58.18 % | | [sqnxt23_x100_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 57.86 % | | [sqnxt23_x150_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 66.17 % | | [sqnxt23_x150_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 65.48 % | | [sqnxt23_x200_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 70.56 % | | [sqnxt23_x200_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 70.25 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x100_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 59.85 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x100_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 59.57 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x150_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 67.32 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x150_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 66.78 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x200_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 71.42 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x200_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 71.02 % | | Model | Format | Resolution | Top 1 Accuracy | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [sqnxt23_x100_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 58.18 % | | [sqnxt23_x100_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23_x100_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 57.86 % | | [sqnxt23_x150_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 66.17 % | | [sqnxt23_x150_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23_x150_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 65.48 % | | [sqnxt23_x200_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 70.56 % | | [sqnxt23_x200_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23_x200_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 70.25 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x100_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 59.85 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x100_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x100_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 59.57 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x150_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 67.32 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x150_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x150_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 66.78 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x200_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224.onnx) | Float | 224x224x3 | 71.42 % | | [sqnxt23v5_x200_pt](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo/tree/main/image_classification/sqnxt_pt/Public_pretrainedmodel_public_dataset/Imagenet/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224/sqnxt23v5_x200_pt_224_qdq_int8.onnx) | Int8 | 224x224x3 | 71.02 % | ## Retraining and Integration in a simple example: Please refer to the stm32ai-modelzoo-services GitHub [here](https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/stm32ai-modelzoo-services) # References [1] - **Dataset**: Imagenet (ILSVRC 2012) — https://www.image-net.org/ [2] - **Model**: SqueezeNext — https://github.com/amirgholami/SqueezeNext