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## Is the Python SDK stable?
`openai-codex` publishes stable releases. Install the latest one with
`pip install openai-codex`.
## Why does the SDK install a runtime package?
Stable CLI releases publish the SDK with the same version and an exact runtime
pin. CLI prereleases do not trigger Python package publishing. Independent SDK
beta releases can still be published manually with a different version number,
but must pin a compatible runtime. The dependency is installed automatically.
See [Python SDK releases](../RELEASING.md) for publishing and retry instructions.
## Thread vs turn
- A `Thread` is conversation state.
- A `Turn` is one model execution inside that thread.
- Multi-turn chat means multiple turns on the same `Thread`.
## `run()` vs `stream()`
- `Thread.run(...)` starts a turn and returns `TurnResult`.
- `TurnHandle.run()` / `AsyncTurnHandle.run()` consumes events for an existing turn handle and returns the same `TurnResult` shape.
- `TurnHandle.stream()` / `AsyncTurnHandle.stream()` yields raw notifications (`Notification`) so you can react event-by-event.
Choose `run()` for most apps. Choose `stream()` for progress UIs, custom timeout logic, or custom parsing.
## Sync vs async clients
- `Codex` is the sync public API.
- `AsyncCodex` is an async replica of the same public API shape.
- Prefer `async with AsyncCodex()` for async code. It is the standard path for
explicit startup/shutdown, and `AsyncCodex` initializes lazily on context
entry or first awaited API use.
If your app is not already async, stay with `Codex`.
## How do I pass untrusted external content?
Use `ExternalMessage` for messages from other agents, tools, or applications:
```python
from openai_codex import ExternalMessage
result = thread.run(ExternalMessage(
tool_name="notifications",
namespace="slack",
content="Deployment notification: the staging checks failed.",
))
```
The content has tool-level authority, below user and developer instructions.
It does not authorize actions or approve requests. Establish the user's task
separately and keep the thread's sandbox and approval policies in place.
Plain strings and `TextInput` represent user input.
An external message starts a turn or joins an active regular turn and is
preserved in history. Pass it as the entire input to `thread.run(...)` or
`thread.turn(...)`; the async methods accept the same object. See the
[API reference](api-reference.md#externalmessage) and
[runnable example](../examples/16_external_message).
External messages and the new `include_turns`, `turn_service_tier`, and `source`
options require CLI 0.151.0 or newer. If a custom executable is too old, the SDK
raises `CodexError` before sending the request. Upgrade that executable or use
the runtime installed with a matching SDK release.
## Does `include_turns=False` remove the conversation's context?
No. On `thread_resume(...)` and `thread_fork(...)`, it only skips loading turn
history into the server's response. Omitting it preserves the server's
existing default. Retrieve saved history with `thread.read(include_turns=True)`.
## How do I change the service tier for just one turn?
Pass `turn_service_tier=` to `thread.run(...)` or `thread.turn(...)`.
`None` inherits the thread setting, and `"default"` selects standard speed.
The override applies only when starting a new turn. Use `service_tier=` when
you want to change the thread's setting for subsequent turns too.
`source=` on those methods only labels what initiated the turn. It does not
schedule work or grant authority, and it is ignored when joining an active turn.
## How do I log in?
- `login_api_key(...)` authenticates immediately with an API key.
- `login_chatgpt()` starts browser login and returns a handle with `auth_url`.
- `login_chatgpt_device_code()` starts device-code login and returns a handle
with `verification_url` and `user_code`.
- Interactive handles expose `wait()` for the matching
`account/login/completed` notification and `cancel()` to stop that attempt.
- `account()` reads the current account state, and `logout()` clears it.
## Public kwargs are snake_case
Public API keyword names are snake_case. The SDK still maps them to wire camelCase under the hood.
If you are migrating older code, update these names:
- `approvalPolicy` -> `approval_policy`
- `baseInstructions` -> `base_instructions`
- `developerInstructions` -> `developer_instructions`
- `modelProvider` -> `model_provider`
- `modelProviders` -> `model_providers`
- `sortKey` -> `sort_key`
- `sourceKinds` -> `source_kinds`
- `outputSchema` -> `output_schema`
## How do I choose sandbox access?
Use the same `sandbox=` keyword for threads and turns:
```python
from openai_codex import Sandbox
thread = codex.thread_start(sandbox=Sandbox.workspace_write)
result = thread.run("Review only.", sandbox=Sandbox.read_only)
```
The presets are:
- `Sandbox.read_only`: read files without allowing writes.
- `Sandbox.workspace_write`: the normal default for projects with a recorded trust decision; read files and write inside the workspace and configured writable roots.
- `Sandbox.full_access`: run without filesystem access restrictions.
When `sandbox=` is omitted, Codex uses its configured default. A turn
sandbox override applies to that turn and subsequent turns.
## Why only `thread_start(...)` and `thread_resume(...)`?
The public API keeps only explicit lifecycle calls:
- `thread_start(...)` to create new threads
- `thread_resume(thread_id, ...)` to continue existing threads
This avoids duplicate ways to do the same operation and keeps behavior explicit.
## Why does constructor fail?
`Codex()` is eager: it starts transport and calls `initialize` in `__init__`.
Common causes:
- installation is incomplete and the pinned `openai-codex-cli-bin` dependency is missing
- local `codex_bin` override points to a missing file
- a custom local Codex executable does not support the SDK operation being used
## Why does a turn "hang"?
A turn is complete only when `turn/completed` arrives for that turn ID.
- `run()` waits for this automatically.
- With `stream()`, keep consuming notifications until completion.
## How do I retry safely?
Use `retry_on_overload(...)` for transient overload failures (`ServerBusyError`).
Do not blindly retry all errors. For `InvalidParamsError` or
`MethodNotFoundError`, fix the input or use the runtime pinned by the SDK.
## Common pitfalls
- Starting a new thread for every prompt when you wanted continuity.
- Forgetting to `close()` (or not using context managers).
- Reading `Turn.items` from live start/completed payloads instead of using `TurnResult.items`.
- Mixing SDK input classes with raw dicts incorrectly.
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