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README.md
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- **Shared by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Model type:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Language(s) (NLP):** [More Information Needed]
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- **License:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Finetuned from model [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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##
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<!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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### Direct Use
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<!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Downstream Use [optional]
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<!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Recommendations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
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Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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Use the code below to get started with the model.
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[More Information Needed]
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## Training Details
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### Training Data
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<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Training Procedure
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<!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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#### Preprocessing [optional]
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Training Hyperparameters
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- **Training regime:** [More Information Needed] <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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#### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
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<!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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## Evaluation
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### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
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#### Testing Data
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<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card if possible. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Factors
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<!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Metrics
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<!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
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[More Information Needed]
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### Results
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[More Information Needed]
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#### Summary
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## Model Examination [optional]
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<!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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[More Information Needed]
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## Environmental Impact
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<!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
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Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- **Hardware Type:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Hours used:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Cloud Provider:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Carbon Emitted:** [More Information Needed]
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## Technical Specifications [optional]
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### Model Architecture and Objective
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[More Information Needed]
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### Compute Infrastructure
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tags: []
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---
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# Mistral-7B-v0.1-Italian-SAVA-instruct
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<div align="center">
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<img src="https://github.com/Andrew-Wyn/images/blob/master/sava/italian_adapt-img.jpg?raw=true" width="400" height="400" style="border-radius:10%" />
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</div>
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The **Mistral-7B-v0.1-Adapted** collection of large language models (LLMs), is a collection of adapted generative models in 7B (text in/text out), adapted models from **Mistral-7B-Base-v0.1**.
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*Mistral-v0.1-Italian-SAVA-instruct* is a continually trained and instruction tuned Mistral model.
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**Model developer:** SapienzaNLP, ISTI-CNR, ILC-CNR
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**Model Architecture:** Mistral-7B-v0.1-Adapted is an auto-regressive language model that uses an optimized transformer architecture.
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## Data used for the adaptation
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The **Mistral-7B-v0.1-Adapted** models are trained on a collection of Italian and English data extracted from [CulturaX](https://huggingface.co/datasets/uonlp/CulturaX).
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The data are extracted to be skewed toward Italian language with a ration of one over four. Extracting the first 9B tokens from Italian part of CulturaX and the first 3B tokens from English part of CulturaX.
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## Data used for the instruction tuning (SFT)
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The data used in the instruction following training procedure:
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| Dataset | Language | Instances |
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|------|-----|------|
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| [TÜLU-v3](https://huggingface.co/datasets/allenai/tulu-3-sft-mixture) | EN | 940,000 |
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| [LIMA](https://huggingface.co/datasets/GAIR/lima) | IT/EN | 2,000 |
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| [WildChat-IT](https://huggingface.co/datasets/allenai/WildChat-1M) | IT | 5,000 |
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| [TowerBlocks-v0.2](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Unbabel/TowerBlocks-v0.2) | IT/EN | 7,276 |
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| [GPT-4o-ITA-Instruct](https://huggingface.co/datasets/DeepMount00/GPT-4o-ITA-INSTRUCT) | IT | 15,000 |
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| [Aya](https://huggingface.co/datasets/CohereLabs/aya_dataset) | IT | 700 |
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The model is trained for two epoches in the aforementioned data.
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## Evaluation
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Adapted models are evaluated on [ITA-Bench](https://github.com/SapienzaNLP/ita-bench).
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| Model | MMLU (5-shots) | ARC-C (5-shots) | Hellaswag (0-shots) | IFEval (inst_level) |
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|------|-----|------|------|------|
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| Llama-3.1-SAVA | 56.9 | 42.3 | 58.1 | 62.3 |
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| Llama-3.1-LAPT | 58.5 | 47.9 | 62.4 | 67.3 |
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| **Mistral-0.1-SAVA** | 51.5 | 41.6 | 57.5 | 61.7 |
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| Mistral-0.1-LAPT | 52.9 | 39.9 | 58.4 | 60.0 |
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| Llama-3.1-Original | 47.4 | 43.1 | 57.9 | 66.8 |
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| Mistral-0.1-Original | 41.6 | 38.9 | 50.0 | 42.2 |
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## Use with Transformers
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You can run conversational inference using the Transformers pipeline abstraction or by leveraging the Auto classes with the generate() function.
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Make sure to update your transformers installation via `pip install --upgrade transformers`.
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```python
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import transformers
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import torch
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model_id = "SemanticAlignment/Mistral-v0.1-Italian-SAVA-instruct"
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tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
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generator = pipeline(
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"text-generation",
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model=model_name,
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device_map="auto",
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dtype=torch.bfloat16
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)
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conversations.append([
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{"role": "system", "content": "Sei un assistente utile, rispondi in modo conciso e coerente."},
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{"role": "user", "content": "Cosa si può fare in una bella giornata di sole?"},
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])
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chat_samples = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(conversations, tokenize=False)
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# get number of prompt tokens
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prompt_tokens_number = len(tokenizer(chat_samples)["input_ids"])
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outputs = generator(
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conversations,
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max_new_tokens=2048,
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eos_token_id=[
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tokenizer.eos_token_id,
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tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids("<|eot_id|>"),
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],
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)
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```
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Code: https://github.com/SapienzaNLP/sava
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## Aknowledgement
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Thanks to Leonardo Colosi (colosi@diag.uniroma1.it) for helping in instruction tuning phase.
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We acknowledge ISCRA for awarding this project access to the LEONARDO supercomputer, owned by the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking, hosted by CINECA (Italy).
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## Citation
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If you use any part of this work, please consider citing the paper as follows:
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```bibtex
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@misc{moroni2025optimizingllmsitalianreducing,
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title={Optimizing LLMs for Italian: Reducing Token Fertility and Enhancing Efficiency Through Vocabulary Adaptation},
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author={Luca Moroni and Giovanni Puccetti and Pere-Lluis Huguet Cabot and Andrei Stefan Bejgu and Edoardo Barba and Alessio Miaschi and Felice Dell'Orletta and Andrea Esuli and Roberto Navigli},
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year={2025},
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eprint={2504.17025},
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archivePrefix={arXiv},
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primaryClass={cs.CL},
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url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.17025},
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}
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```
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