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- pascal-voc
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library_name: pytorch
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metrics:
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# Pascal-TriheadNet: Joint Detection & Segmentation
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**Single-stage unified perception model for Pascal VOC: Detection, Semantic, and Instance Segmentation in one forward pass.**
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Pascal-TriheadNet is a multi-task learning model that jointly solves three computer vision tasks using a unified Vision Transformer backbone with three specialized task heads.
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## 🚀 Key Highlights
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- **Detection mAP@50**: 75.6%
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- **Semantic mIoU**: 87.3%
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- **Instance Mask mAP@50**: 65.7%
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- **Architecture**: One Backbone, One Neck, Three Heads
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- **Efficient**: Single forward pass for all three tasks
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## Model Overview
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### 1. Backbone: Vision Transformer
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- **Model**: `vit_base_patch16_224` (pretrained on ImageNet)
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- **Input Resolution**: 224×224 RGB
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- **Output**: Single-scale feature map at 1/16 resolution
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- **Fine-tuning**: Last 6 transformer blocks unfrozen
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**Architecture Details:**
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- Patch size: 16×16
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- Hidden dimension: 768
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- Attention heads: 12
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- Transformer blocks: 12 (last 6 trainable)
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### 2. Neck: Simple Feature Pyramid (ViTDet-style)
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Unlike traditional FPN with top-down pathways, we use a **parallel multi-scale** approach optimized for Vision Transformers:
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- **P2 (1/4)**: 4× Bilinear Upsample + Conv
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- **P3 (1/8)**: 2× Bilinear Upsample + Conv
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- **P4 (1/16)**: Conv (base scale)
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- **P5 (1/32)**: 2× Stride Conv
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All pyramid levels have **256 channels** for consistency.
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### 3. Task Heads
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#### A. Detection Head (FCOS-style)
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**Type**: Anchor-free, fully convolutional one-stage detector
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**Outputs per FPN level (P2-P5)**:
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1. **Classification**: (N, 20, H, W) - class logits
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2. **Box Regression**: (N, 4, H, W) - LTRB offsets
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3. **Centerness**: (N, 1, H, W) - quality score
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**Loss Components**:
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- Classification: Focal Loss
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- Regression: GIoU Loss
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- Centerness: Binary Cross-Entropy
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#### B. Semantic Segmentation Head (Panoptic FPN-style)
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**Architecture**:
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- Merges all FPN levels (P2-P5) via recursive upsampling
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- P5 (1/32) provides global context
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- Upsamples and fuses to match P2 (1/4)
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- Final 4× upsample to native 224×224
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**Output**: (N, 21, 224, 224) - 20 object classes + background
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**Loss**:
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- Cross-Entropy Loss
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- Dice Loss
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- Boundary-weighted loss (2.0× weight on boundaries)
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#### C. Instance Segmentation Head (Mask R-CNN-style)
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**Pipeline**:
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1. **Training**: Uses ground truth boxes
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2. **Inference**: Uses predicted boxes from detection head
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3. **RoI Align**: Extracts 14×14 features per box from appropriate FPN level (P2-P5) based on box scale
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4. **Mask FCN**: Predicts 28×28 binary masks
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5. **Post-processing**: Pastes masks into full image based on box coordinates
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**Loss**:
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- Binary Cross-Entropy Loss
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- Dice Loss
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##
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- Detection (λ_det): 1.0
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- Semantic (λ_sem): 1.0
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- Instance (λ_inst): 1.0
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- Boundary weight: 2.0 (for semantic edges)
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### Hyperparameters
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| **Epochs** | 50 |
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| **Batch Size** | 32 |
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| **Base Learning Rate** | 2e-4 |
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| **Backbone LR Multiplier** | 0.01 (2e-6 for ViT) |
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| **Optimizer** | AdamW |
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| **Weight Decay** | 0.01 |
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| **Warmup Epochs** | 5 |
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| **LR Schedule** | Cosine Annealing (after warmup) |
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| **Precision** | Mixed (FP16) |
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| **Segmentation Ratio** | 0.15 (15% of batch has masks) |
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## Performance Metrics
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### Quantitative Results (Validation Set)
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| Task | Metric | Score |
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| **Detection** | mAP (0.5:0.95) | **46.7%** |
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| **Detection** | mAP@50 | **75.6%** |
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| **Detection** | mAP@75 | **49.5%** |
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| **Semantic** | mIoU | **87.3%** |
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| **Semantic** | Pixel Accuracy | **96.4%** |
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| **Instance** | Mask mAP (0.5:0.95) | **35.8%** |
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| **Instance** | Mask mAP@50 | **65.7%** |
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| Aeroplane | 55.4% | 38.6% |
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| Bicycle | 51.0% | 0.02% |
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| Bird | 47.1% | 44.1% |
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| Boat | 37.0% | 27.0% |
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| Bottle | 25.6% | 27.8% |
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| Bus | 62.0% | 56.1% |
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| Car | 37.4% | 30.3% |
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| Cat | 67.4% | 66.1% |
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| Chair | 25.9% | 5.5% |
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| Cow | 48.3% | 38.5% |
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| Dining Table | 42.5% | 29.7% |
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| Dog | 64.3% | 60.6% |
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| Horse | 58.2% | 33.1% |
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| Motorbike | 53.3% | 34.5% |
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| Person | 40.9% | 25.6% |
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| Potted Plant | 23.2% | 13.5% |
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| Sheep | 43.1% | 33.2% |
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| Sofa | 41.7% | 43.1% |
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| Train | 61.0% | 60.9% |
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| TV Monitor | 48.2% | 48.5% |
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- Strong performance on animals (cat, dog) and vehicles (bus, train)
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- Challenging classes: bicycle (instance), chair, bottle, potted plant
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- Person detection competitive but instance segmentation room for improvement
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- **Developed by:** Sivasubiramaniam Subbiah
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- **Model type:** Multi-task Vision Model
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- **Language(s):** Python,
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- **License:** MIT
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- **Finetuned from
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### Model Sources [optional]
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- **Repository:** (https://github.com/Sivamorgan/Pascal-TriheadNet)
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- **Demo [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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### Training Procedure
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<!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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#### Preprocessing [optional]
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#### Training Hyperparameters
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- **Training regime:** [More Information Needed] <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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#### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
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## Evaluation
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### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
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#### Testing Data
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#### Factors
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#### Metrics
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### Results
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#### Summary
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## Model Examination [optional]
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## Environmental Impact
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<!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
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Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- **Hardware Type:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Hours used:** [More Information Needed]
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- **Cloud Provider:** [More Information Needed]
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## Technical Specifications [optional]
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## Citation [optional]
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## Glossary [optional]
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## More Information [optional]
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## Model Card Authors [optional]
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## Model Card Contact
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- computer-vision
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- object-detection
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- semantic-segmentation
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- instance-segmentation
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- pascal-voc
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- multi-task-learning
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library_name: pytorch
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pipeline_tag: image-segmentation
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datasets: Pascal_VOC
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---
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# Pascal-TriheadNet: Joint Detection & Segmentation
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**Single-stage unified perception model for Pascal VOC: Detection, Semantic, and Instance Segmentation in one forward pass.**
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Pascal-TriheadNet is a multi-task learning model that jointly solves three computer vision tasks using a unified Vision Transformer backbone with three specialized task heads. Validated on Pascal VOC 2012, it achieves strong performance across all tasks while maintaining efficient inference.
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🔗 **[View Full Code & Documentation on GitHub](https://github.com/Sivamorgan/Pascal-TriheadNet)**
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## 🚀 Key Highlights
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- **Detection mAP@50**: 75.6%
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- **Semantic mIoU**: 87.3%
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- **Instance Mask mAP@50**: 65.7%
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- **Architecture**: One Backbone, One Neck, Three Heads (ViT + FPN)
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## 📥 Model Checkpoints
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Two versions of the model are provided:
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| File | Description | Size |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| **`checkpoint_epoch_50.pth`** | Best performing FP32 model. | 826MB
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| **`checkpoint_epoch_50_quantized.pth`** | optimized INT8 Quantized model. | 136MB
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> **Training Context**: Model was fine-tuned on an **L4 GPU** in Google Colab.
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## 📊 Performance Metrics
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Evaluated on the Pascal VOC 2012 Validation set:
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| Task | Metric | Score |
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| **Detection** | mAP (0.5:0.95) | **46.7%** |
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| **Detection** | mAP@50 | **75.6%** |
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| **Semantic** | mIoU | **87.3%** |
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| **Instance** | Mask mAP (0.5:0.95) | **35.8%** |
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| **Instance** | Mask mAP@50 | **65.7%** |
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*For detailed per-class analysis and ablation studies, please refer to the [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/Sivamorgan/Pascal-TriheadNet).*
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## 🏗 Model Overview
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The architecture utilizes a **Vision Transformer (ViT-Base)** backbone pretrained on ImageNet.
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1. **Backbone**: `vit_base_patch16_224` with the last 6 blocks fine-tuned.
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2. **Neck**: A **Simple Feature Pyramid** (ViTDet-style) that creates multi-scale feature maps (P2-P5) from the single-scale ViT output.
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3. **Heads**:
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* **Detection**: FCOS-style anchor-free detector.
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* **Semantic**: Panoptic FPN-style segmentation head.
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* **Instance**: Mask R-CNN-style head using RoI Align.
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## ⚙️ Training Configuration
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- **Epochs**: 50
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- **Batch Size**: 32
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- **Optimizer**: AdamW (Base LR: 2e-4)
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- **Loss**: Weighted sum of Focal Loss (Det), Cross-Entropy/Dice (Sem/Inst), and GIoU (Box).
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---
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### Model Details
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- **Developed by:** Sivasubiramaniam Subbiah
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- **Model type:** Multi-task Vision Model
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- **Language(s):** Python, PyTorch
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- **License:** MIT
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- **Finetuned from:** Vision Transformer (ViT)
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