{ "crop_diseases": { "tomato": [ { "disease": "Late Blight", "symptoms": "Dark spots on leaves, white fungal growth on undersides", "treatment": "Apply copper-based fungicides, remove affected plants", "prevention": "Ensure good air circulation, avoid overhead watering" }, { "disease": "Early Blight", "symptoms": "Brown spots with concentric rings on older leaves", "treatment": "Use fungicides containing chlorothalonil or mancozeb", "prevention": "Crop rotation, proper spacing, remove plant debris" } ], "wheat": [ { "disease": "Rust", "symptoms": "Orange or red pustules on leaves and stems", "treatment": "Apply fungicides like tebuconazole or propiconazole", "prevention": "Use resistant varieties, proper field sanitation" } ], "rice": [ { "disease": "Blast", "symptoms": "Diamond-shaped spots on leaves, neck rot", "treatment": "Apply tricyclazole or isoprothiolane fungicides", "prevention": "Balanced fertilization, avoid excessive nitrogen" } ] }, "irrigation": { "general_tips": [ "Water early morning or evening to reduce evaporation", "Check soil moisture before watering - insert finger 2 inches deep", "Use drip irrigation for water efficiency", "Mulch around plants to retain soil moisture" ], "crop_specific": { "tomato": "Water deeply once or twice a week, avoid wetting leaves", "wheat": "Water during tillering, flowering, and grain filling stages", "rice": "Maintain 2-5cm standing water during vegetative growth" } }, "fertilizers": { "organic": [ { "name": "Compost", "benefits": "Improves soil structure, provides slow-release nutrients", "application": "Apply 2-3 inches layer before planting" }, { "name": "Vermicompost", "benefits": "Rich in nutrients, improves soil biology", "application": "Mix with soil at 10-20% ratio" } ], "chemical": [ { "name": "NPK (10-26-26)", "use": "Balanced growth, flowering, and fruiting", "application": "Apply as per soil test recommendations" } ] }, "government_schemes": { "central": [ { "name": "Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchan Yojana", "name_hindi": "प्रधानमंत्री कृषी संचन योजना", "description": "Irrigation development and water conservation", "eligibility": "All farmers with cultivable land", "benefits": "90% subsidy on drip/sprinkler irrigation" }, { "name": "PM-KISAN", "name_hindi": "प्रधानमंत्री किसान सम्मान निधि", "description": "Direct income support to farmers", "eligibility": "Small and marginal farmers", "benefits": "₹6000 per year in three installments" }, { "name": "Soil Health Card Scheme", "name_hindi": "मृदा स्वास्थ्य कार्ड योजना", "description": "Soil testing and health assessment", "eligibility": "All farmers", "benefits": "Free soil testing and fertilizer recommendations" } ], "state": [ { "name": "Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Krishi Swavlamban Yojana", "state": "Maharashtra", "description": "Financial assistance for agricultural development", "benefits": "Up to ₹50,000 assistance per farmer" } ] }, "weather_tips": { "monsoon": [ "Ensure proper drainage in fields", "Store seeds in dry places", "Check weather forecast before spraying pesticides" ], "summer": [ "Use mulching to conserve soil moisture", "Increase watering frequency", "Provide shade to sensitive crops" ], "winter": [ "Protect crops from frost", "Reduce watering frequency", "Apply organic matter to improve soil temperature" ] }, "pest_control": { "organic_methods": [ "Neem oil spray for aphids and whiteflies", "Bacillus thuringiensis for caterpillars", "Marigold companion planting to repel pests", "Sticky yellow traps for flying insects" ], "integrated_pest_management": [ "Regular field monitoring", "Use of pheromone traps", "Biological control agents", "Resistant crop varieties" ] }, "market_information": { "price_sources": [ "eNAM (National Agriculture Market)", "Local mandi prices", "Agmarknet portal", "Mobile apps like Kisan Suvidha" ], "selling_tips": [ "Grade and sort produce properly", "Time harvesting with market demand", "Consider direct marketing to consumers", "Join farmer producer organizations" ] }, "common_faqs": [ { "question": "How often should I water my crops?", "answer": "Watering frequency depends on crop type, soil, and weather. Generally, water when top 2 inches of soil feels dry. Deep, less frequent watering is better than shallow, frequent watering." }, { "question": "What is the best time to plant tomatoes?", "answer": "Plant tomatoes after the last frost date. In India, best time is October-November for winter crop and June-July for monsoon crop." }, { "question": "How can I improve soil fertility naturally?", "answer": "Add organic matter like compost, practice crop rotation, use cover crops, apply vermicompost, and avoid overuse of chemical fertilizers." }, { "question": "What are signs of nitrogen deficiency in plants?", "answer": "Yellow leaves starting from bottom, stunted growth, pale green color overall, and reduced yield." } ] }