[{"text": "A lead service line (LSL, also known as lead service pipe, and lead connection pipe) is a pipe made of lead which is used in potable water distribution to connect a water main to a user's premises. Lead exposure is a public health hazard as it causes developmental effects in fetuses, infants, and young children. It also has other health effects in adults. According to the World Health Organization, the presence of lead service lines is the most significant contributor of lead contamination in drinking water in many countries. The most certain way to eliminate lead exposure in drinking water from the lead service lines is to replace them with pipes made from other materials. However, replacement is time-consuming and costly. The difficulty is exacerbated in many locations by ownership structure with a shared responsibility between water utilities and property owners, which requires cooperation between the two entities. Some water utilities employ corrosion control as a short-term solution while working through long-term replacement projects. A potential issue with corrosion control is constant monitoring of its effectiveness. There have been widespread lead exposures resulting from failures of corrosion control, such as the Flint water crisis. Background. Lead had been associated with"}, {"text": "plumbing since the ancient times. The chemical symbol for lead (\"Pb\") is derived from the Latin word , which means 'waterworks' or 'plumbing' as lead was used to make water pipes. Lead water lines have also been known to be harmful since ancient times, though this is contested by industry trade groups within the United States. Lead pipes were preferred over iron pipes because they lasted longer and were more flexible. In modern times, lead was still widely used in water distribution systems and plumbing hardware before the early 20th century, including lead pipes, leaded solder and leaded alloys. One part of the system is the connections between the water mains and the water user locations. A service line is a pipe that makes the connection, which was also made of lead in those days. The first portion of the service line is called a gooseneck, which connects to a valve at the water main and is required to be flexible to allow some movement. Lead goosenecks (also called lead service connections or LSCs) were commonly used in the past due to their durability and flexibility. In colder-weather areas, the connection between the water main and the rest of the"}, {"text": "service line is subjected to expansion and contraction during temperature changes. When stiffer service lines made of galvanized steel pipe were used, lead goosenecks were installed to connect to the water main to reduce breakage from such expansion and contraction. From the mid-1800s to the early 1900s, many communities started to realize the health risks of lead and began to phase out some lead-containing products. In Australia, the use of lead service lines was restricted in the 1930s, while other countries still continued the practice of using lead service lines decades later. An example is the United States, where lead service lines were allowed until the 1980s. Not only were they allowed, but some parts of the United States mandated the use of lead service lines until 1987, primarily due to lobbying by lead manufacturers and plumbing unions. This resulted in as many as 3.3 million lead service lines and 6.4 million lead goosenecks in the country. In England and Wales, there were about 8.9 million homes with lead service lines as of 1997. In the 2010s, one-third of American communities still had lead service lines, with an estimate of up to six million. Elimination has been extremely difficult due"}, {"text": "to the high cost of identifying, locating, removing, and preventing the many potential sources of lead in various water distribution systems in the United States. Health effects. Lead exposure, even at low levels, can cause neurological effects, especially in young children, young women, and developing fetuses. In fetuses, lead in the mother's bones is released along with calcium during fetal bone formation. Lead can also cross the placental barrier into the fetus, which can cause premature birth, growth issues, and death of the fetus. Lead can be passed from the mother through breastfeeding. In children, the effects of lead exposure include learning problems, slow growth, and lower IQ. In adults, low-level exposure can cause hypertension, cognitive issues, and reproductive harm. Regulations. The World Health Organization (WHO) published the first edition of Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (GDWQ) in 1984 to replace the 1970 European Standards for Drinking-Water and 1971 International Standards for Drinking-Water. The publication recommended the limits of contaminants in drinking water which set the value for lead to not more than 0.05 mg/L based on assumptions about various sources of lead intake and the provisional tolerable weekly intake of 3 mg of lead per adult that was established by"}, {"text": "the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 1972. However, no safe levels had been defined. In 1986, JECFA updated the provisional tolerable weekly intake level of lead for infants and children to be based on body weight, at 25 micrograms of lead per kilogram of body weight. JECFA reconfirmed this provisional tolerable value and extended the same value to all age groups in 1993. When WHO published the second edition of GDWQ in 1996, it based it on the new JECFA value assuming 50% of lead exposure from drinking water and a 5-kg infant consuming 0.75 liters of water from bottles per day, and infants are in the most sensitive subgroup. Therefore, WHO established the guideline value of lead concentration in drinking water not to exceed 0.01 mg/L. Argentina. As of early 2020 Argentina has set a standard of 0.05 mg/L based on Resolution no. 523/95-MTSS, which is an amendment of law 19587. Australia. In 2004, Australia lowered the lead exposure limit to 0.01 mg/L from 0.05 through the 2004 Australian Drinking Water Guidelines. However, this is a guideline, not a mandatory standard. European Union. On 3 November 1998, the European Union adopted Directive 98/83/EC to set"}, {"text": "standards for drinking water. This included a plan to lower the lead contamination in the water distribution systems of member states. The Directive sets the maximum lead concentration in drinking water at 0.025 mg/L by 2003, and 0.01 by 2013. A study in 1999 gave an estimate of the percentage of lead service lines in some European countries. Ireland, the United Kingdom, France, Portugal, and Belgium all had higher percentages of lead lines ranging between 15% and 51%. Germany, Spain, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands had between 3% and 9%, while Denmark and Greece had less than 1%. Approaches to reduce lead exposure in water distribution systems to meet that goal have also differed. For example, the United Kingdom took the short- and medium-term strategy of dosing the water with orthophosphate as a corrosion-control measure and considered lead service line replacement as the long-term strategy. By 2010 (three years before the new lower standard), 95% of public water supplies were treated with orthophosphate. The tests had 99.8% compliance with the 2003 0.025 mg/L standard and 99.0% compliance with the 2013 0.01 mg/L standard. However, many other European countries considered the practice of adding orthophosphate to the water supply to be"}, {"text": "undesirable, as it would result in sewage with higher concentrations of nutrient. That could potentially create problems of harmful algal blooms. An example of a country that took another approach was Germany. The southern part of Germany had prohibited lead pipes since the early 1900s. However, northern Germany continued to use lead pipes until the 1970s. Germany's approach to meet the new standard was to focus on the removal of lead service lines. Water utilities in northern Germany had already been working on lead service line replacements since the adoption of the Directive in order to meet the 2003 standard. Canada. In 1992, the federal government set the guideline to have the Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) of lead in drinking water at 0.01 mg/L. On 8 March 2019, Health Canada updated the guideline to lower the MAC of lead to 0.005 mg/L, one of the lowest values in the world. Regulation of these guidelines is performed at the provincial level, and is inconsistent. On 4 November 2019, Concordia University published a year-long study which found that one-third of water samples from 11 major Canadian cities tested higher for MAC of lead than the national guideline, with the highest levels recorded"}, {"text": "from samples in Montreal, Prince Rupert, and Regina. It was also found that some municipalities only had estimates on the number of lead service lines still in use, with no exact data available. United States. The \"Lead and Copper Rule Improvements\" regulation, issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in October 2024, specifies an \"action level\" for lead at 0.010 mg/L. A public water system is required to monitor its water supply at customer locations. If more than 10% of tap water samples exceed the lead action level (or the copper action level of 1.3 ppm), the supplier must take additional steps to control corrosion. Other actions may include installation of treatment, checking of source water, removal of lead-containing plumbing, and public education. The 2024 regulation also requires public water systems to remove all lead pipes within ten years. Uruguay. Uruguay set the lead exposure of drinking water to 0.05 mg/L in 2000 through Decree 315/94, 2nd edition. It also banned lead water pipes and fittings in 2004. The country set new standards in 2011 through Decree 375/11 to lowered exposure level to 0.03 mg/L and to achieve 0.01 mg/L level by 2021. Replacements. Responsibilities. There are two"}, {"text": "parts in a service line. The first part is the pipe that connects the water main to the \"curb stop\" which is a stop valve that is located around the street curb or the property line. That first section is called \"communication pipe\". The second part is the pipe that connects the curb stop to the building inlet or a water meter. This part is called \"supply pipe\". Depending on local water utilities, the meter may be located at the property line instead. When the water meter is located at that alternative position, the pipe section that connects the water main to the water meter is the communication pipe, and the section that connects the water meter to the building isolation valve is the supply pipe. Lead service lines can exist in one of these scenarios: the communication pipe section can be made of lead, called the lead communication pipe; the supply pipe section can be made of lead, called the lead supply pipe; the entire length can be made out of lead; or only a small section of the communication pipe at the water main is made out of lead (lead gooseneck). The ownership structure of service lines varies"}, {"text": "among water utilities. Depending on localities, the entire length of a service line from the water main to the building inlet may be owned by the water utility, or the property owner. There can also be a partial ownership scenario where the water utility and the property owner share ownership of the service line, thus, replacing the entire lead service line requires a cooperation between the two entities. In the shared ownership, the water utility typically owns the communication pipe and the curb stop, and property owner owns the supply pipe. In this scenario, when the water utility owned section of a lead service line is called \"public lead service line\", and the section owned by the property owner is called \"private lead service line\". When only one part of a lead service line (either public or private) is replaced, it is called \"partial lead service line replacement\". When both sides are replaced at the same time, it is called \"full lead service line replacement\". Where there is involvement with private ownership, it complicates a full lead service line replacement. A major issue is the cost of the replacement. In the United States, a replacement can cost between $3,000 to"}, {"text": "$5,000 (2018 estimate) for the private side. This can be a major financial burden for homeowners. Even with incentives such as interest-free loans, or using ratepayer money to cover part of the cost, homeowners are still hesitant. Using ratepayer money to fund private lead service line replacements in itself is a subject of debate. Those who advocate for it argue that the benefits to public health outweigh a small increase in water rates that impacts everyone. On the other side, there is a concern that the increased rates can cause hardship, and there is a public policy question on using ratepayer money to make private property improvements. Even in the case that private lead service line replacements are fully funded at no cost to property owners, some owners still refuse to allow their water utility to do work on their property for various reasons, such as fearing property damage or not wanting workers inside. For example, in Pittsburgh, 10% of property owners refused no-cost replacement of private lead service lines. This problem is exacerbated in rental properties where tenants have no authority to accept the offer, and landlords do not see the value of the investment. For cities with a"}, {"text": "large amount of renters, it is difficult to complete a full lead service line replacement program without any forms of mandate through a local ordinance. Alternately, some common law jurisdictions may have enough legal precedent in regard to public nuisance law. Courts may allow municipalities to access private property to address the public health threat without having to obtain permission from the property owner. Partial replacements. A partial lead service line replacement involves replacing only one portion of a service line (whether the public or private portion) and leaving the other portion intact. This practice does not completely remove the lead source. Additionally, studies have found that a partial lead service line replacement can cause short-term elevation of lead concentration due to the disturbance during the replacement. An advisory board of the United States Environmental Protection Agency concluded in 2011 that they had enough data to show that such practice could pose a public health risk. An advisory committee of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention agreed with that position. Therefore, partial lead service line replacement should be avoided. In 2014, the American Water Works Association published a communication guideline with a definition of a partial lead service line"}, {"text": "replacement to include a repair and a reconnection to a lead service line. It recommended that the entire lead service line should be replaced. It also provided guidance on homeowner notification before partial replacements and water utilities' commitment to follow-up tests. In 2017, a study of the Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Transport, Infrastructure and Communities concurred that partial replacements can aggravate the problem of lead exceedances. Full replacements. A full lead service line replacement involves replacing the entire service line from the water main to the building inlet. This includes the public and the private portions of the line. A full lead service line replacement should be coordinated with the property owner as it may involve obstacles such as trees, driveways, and walls. Sometime, there is a need to break through the customer's basement wall. Although a full lead service line replacement is the preferred method, it is not risk-free. There is a short-term elevation of lead concentration, but it tends to release less lead and for a shorter period of time. Research has found that even with a full lead service line replacement, lead exposure can still exist in the home, particularly when the water source"}, {"text": "is rich in manganese and iron causing scale build-up in the home's pipes. The scale may have absorbed lead from prior to the replacement; when the scale crumbles after the replacement, lead can be carried to the tap in particulate form, which may continue for years. Therefore, flushing of internal plumbing is still required after a full lead service line replacement. Post-replacement flushing procedures. After work done on or near a lead service line, whether a partial or full replacement or other disturbances, such as changing the water meter, the water utility should perform a flushing procedure to remove lead that has been lodged in the building's plumbing. The homeowner should not use any water filter devices, use hot water or ice makers, or consume tap water until the flushing procedure is completed. For the procedure, the water utility performs an initial flush after the work is done. Then the worker starts from the lowest floor and opens all cold-water taps, showers and bathtub faucets throughout the home. Faucet aerators are removed during the procedure. At the top floor where the last tap is open, the worker waits for 30 minutes, then starts turning off the tap and puts the"}, {"text": "faucet aerators back in place from the top floor on down. Replacement progress. Lead exposure in drinking water that is caused by lead service lines can be mitigated in the short term by using corrosion control techniques. However, the only long-term solution is to completely replace the lead lines with other materials. Below is a partial list of replacement efforts by water utilities around the world: Mitigation. While full lead service line replacement is the permanent solution, such undertaking takes years or decades. Water utilities and customers need to use other strategies to mitigate the lead exposure risks in the short term. Internal corrosion control. Various techniques can be used by water utilities to control internal corrosion, for example, pH level adjustment, adjustment of carbonate and calcium to create calcium carbonate as a piping surface coating, and applying a corrosion inhibitor. Corrosion inhibitors include phosphate products, such as orthophosphate, used to form films over pipes. This reduces the chance of trace metals including lead leaching from the pipe materials into the water. Another type of corrosion inhibitor includes silicate products. However, the mechanism of film forming and its effectiveness are not well understood. Flushing. For a home with a lead"}, {"text": "service line, the American Water Works Association recommends homeowners do a morning flush by running the water at the kitchen tap for 3\u20135 minutes. The amount of required flushing may be longer if the house is far back from the curb, which would have a longer lead service line. In order to conserve water, showering and flushing the toilet can also be used. However, those alternative activities will not flush the line at the kitchen, where it is the main tap for water consumption. An additional flushing at the kitchen tap for 30\u201345 seconds is recommended. Filters. In certain cases when flushing is not practical, such as having a very long lead service line, using filters may be considered. When choosing filters, water consumers should select the products that remove \"total lead\" that includes filtering of dissolved lead and lead particles. In United States, it is recommended that the filters are certified according to American National Standard Institute/National Science Foundation Standard 53. Widespread hazards and causes. There have been a number incidents, with various causes, of widespread lead contamination in drinking water related to lead service lines. Changing of water source. In 2014, the Flint water crisis was caused by"}, {"text": "changing the water source from the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department's treated water to the Flint River, treated locally in Flint. The treated Flint River water changed the water properties in Flint's distribution system in three areas. First, corrosion inhibitor was not added to the treated water. Secondly, the pH level decreased over time. Thirdly, the chloride level was higher than treated Detroit's water. The combination of these factors contributed to the corrosiveness of the water, causing corrosion to lead and iron pipes. The solution was to change the water source back to Detroit's water supply and replace 30,000 lead service lines. Changing of disinfection chemical. In 2000, lead contamination in Washington, D.C.'s drinking water was caused by changing the water treatment disinfection chemical from chlorine to monochloramine. This was done as a measure to limit disinfection byproducts according to a new regulation from the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The change inadvertently reduced the protective mineral coating properties in the water, causing the scaling \u2013 which had been covering the interior surface of the lead service lines for decades \u2013 to be reduced to the point that it allowed lead to leach into the water. The solution was to"}, {"text": "replace all 23,000 lead service lines. However, 15,000 of those were done as partial replacements, which was found to be ineffective. Changing of corrosion control chemical. In 2014, the Pittsburgh water crisis was caused by unauthorized switching of the anti-corrosion agent from soda ash to caustic soda. The city had been using soda ash for decades as a corrosion control chemical. Soda ash's alkalinity helps the metals to be less corrosive. It also leaves a solid residue which encourages mineral buildup as a protective layer within the interior surface of the pipes. Although caustic soda has similar alkalinity, it does not help in buildup creation. After switching the corrosion control chemical, the buildup in the city's distribution system started to disappear, causing leaching in the lead service lines. The short-term solution was to use orthophosphate to create coating. The long-term solution was to do full lead service line replacements. The city started the replacements in 2016. By 2019, 4,200 lead service lines had been replaced. The same year, the city budgeted $49 million to replace another 4,400 public service lines and offer no-cost private line replacements at the same time. Adjustment of pH levels. In 2016, water in Newark, New"}, {"text": "Jersey, began to have elevated lead levels. A year earlier, the city tried to adjust the pH levels in order to control carcinogens in the system. The result of higher acidity caused the sodium silicate that was used successfully as a corrosion inhibitor for two decades to stop working. It took the city until 2018 to find a short-term solution, switching to using orthophosphate, but it would take another six months to become effective. Water bottles and water filters were distributed as a stop-gap. The long-term solution was for the city to do 18,000 full lead service line replacements. The city took unprecedented steps by borrowing $120 million to shorten the replacement timeframe to three years from ten years, and working with legislators on a law allowing the city to replace the private portion of the lines free of charge and without any permission from property owners. Physical disturbances. In Chicago, after Mayor Rahm Emanuel took office in 2011, he initiated a $481 million water conservation initiative that included household water meter replacements. The work was carried out in a multi-year project. In 2013, a study by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) concluded that disturbances to lead service"}, {"text": "lines, including street work or water meter installation, could cause the leaching of lead to be elevated for months or years. During Mayor Emanuel's administration, the city consistently denied any widespread problems of lead in water, and continued the meter installation. In July 2019, Mayor Lori Lightfoot, who took office the same year, announced that the tests had shown elevated levels of lead in more than one in five metered homes, and she ordered the cessation of the meter installation program. The city also faced a lawsuit filed on behalf of the residents to force the city to solve the problem by replacing their lead service lines. Emanuel also borrowed $412 million from 2011 to 2016 with two-thirds of the money going to replacements of the water mains; however, the projects did not include lead service line replacements. The workers would reconnect lead service lines to the newly installed water mains. In 2016, the city claimed that there was no evidence of risks associated with that method. The claim contradicted the 2013 EPA report and another finding in 2015 by the City of Milwaukee that prompted Milwaukee to stop installing new water mains. In addition to potential issues with reconnecting"}, {"text": "lead service lines back to water mains, there were also concerns about how the city repaired damages. During the projects, when the city damaged a lead service line, city workers would cut off the broken part of the lead service line and replace that short section with a copper line. A scientist who tested the water after the repair procedure was done on his home found an extremely high level of lead. However, the city did not perform any tests or notify any homeowners about such repairs, as that type of repair was not considered to be a partial lead service line replacement; therefore, follow-up tests were not required by regulations. An EPA advisory board concluded that the procedure could be more dangerous than a partial lead service line replacement. After 87 months of work, when the city had completed two-thirds of the water main replacement project, the total number of repairs using the procedure was still not available. An incomplete record showed a one-month snapshot to indicate that nine such repairs were done during that month. Unspecified causes. In some cases, high levels of lead in drinking water may have not been caused by a specific incident. The cause"}, {"text": "may or may not be pinpointed to lead service lines. In 2015, Irish Water sent out a warning that 126 households in Wexford had an excessive level of lead. It urged residents to stop using their water for drinking unless a five- to ten-minute flush had been performed. The company also recommended owners to replace their lead service lines, which are responsibility of property owners in Ireland. Starting in 2017, more than 30 areas across Ireland have been found to have unsafe levels of lead. Irish Water replaced lead service lines at their own cost as part of their leakage reduction program. In 2017 a report from the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) indicated that many older properties are at risk of high lead concentration, especially for those located in areas with older water distribution systems. The agency urged property owners to take mitigation efforts, including replacement of water pipes."}, {"text": "Arun Narang is a Bharatiya Janata Party politician from Punjab. From 2017\u20132022 he represented Abohar Assembly constituency in the Punjab Legislative Assembly. He lost his bid for re-election in the 2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election. Member of Legislative Assembly. He was elected as Member of Legislative Assembly in 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election from Abohar Assembly constituency as candidate of Bharatiya Janata Party. His five year term of MLA ended in 2022 and he lost his re-election bid. Farm laws. Narang supports BJP's 2020 Indian agriculture acts (commonly known as the farm laws). 2020\u20132021 Indian farmers' protest was launched to protest against the implementation of the new laws. In November 2020, he was gheraoed by the protesting farmers in Lambi Assembly segment in Muktsar district and forced to sit on the road. Assault case in Malout. On March 27, 2021, Narang was visiting Malout town in Muktsar district of Punjab for a press conference to explain the benefits of the farm laws to the farmers. On his arrival to the BJP office, the protesting farmers angry with the farm laws threw black ink at him. Police official escorted Narang to a local shop, but upon returning from it, the protestors"}, {"text": "allegedly thrashed Narang, tore his clothes and stripped him naked. He was later escorted by the police to a safe place. Bharatiya Janata Party condemned the attack on MLA. Samyukta Kisan Morcha appealed to all protestors to remain peaceful. An FIR has been registered against 250\u2013300 unknown protestors. 2022 Assembly election. He contested in the 2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election for re-election as BJP candidate. Narang won only 16.18% of the total number of votes polled and came on third position behind Sandeep Jakhar of Indian National Congress and Kuldeep Kumar alias Deep Kamboj of the Aam Aadmi Party. Political positions. Narang supports BJP's 2020 Indian agriculture acts (commonly known as the farm laws)."}, {"text": "On Happiness Road is a 2017 Taiwanese animated film written and directed by Sung Hsin-yin, her directoral debut. The film is based on her own animated short of the same name which won start-up funding at the Golden Horse Awards in 2013. It was screened at the Busan International Film Festival on October 15, 2017, and saw a theatrical release in Taiwan on January 5, 2018. The film has won numerous awards, including Best Feature Film during the 2018 Tokyo Anime Award Festival, Best Animation Feature at the 2018 Golden Horse Awards, as well as Grand Prize, Best Animation, and Audience Choice Award at the 2018 Taipei Film Festival, and was also submitted for nomination to the 2018 Academy Awards in the Animated Feature Film category. The theme song was sung by pop star Jolin Tsai. Plot. Chi was born in Taiwan on April 5, 1975, the day Chiang Kai-shek died, and so she grew up during a time when Taiwan slowly transformed from a single-party dictatorship to a democracy. After immigrating to the United States, she receives news of her grandmother's death. When she returns to Taiwan for the funeral, memories from her childhood and adolescence return to her."}, {"text": "As she reconnects family, friends, neighbors and acquaintances from her childhood, she begins to reflect on the nature of her unhappiness. As she reminisces about her childhood and the political backdrop of her upbringing, she sees how her native land has changed in her absence and reflects on how she had changed during that time as well. Production. Sung was inspired to tell her personal story of growing up in Taiwan in film school at Columbia College Chicago after the film Persepolis (film) during a class. After graduation, she created a 13-minute short animation which won the grand prize at the Golden Horse Film Project Promotion in 2013. The award of 1 million NTD allowed her to start expanding the short into a full-length feature. Securing further funding for the film was difficult, since many Chinese investors would not invest in a film which covered Taiwan's political history. In support of the project, director Wei Te-sheng and actress Gwei Lun-mei worked as voice actors in the film for free. The film is entirely hand-drawn, with some of the animation done in Indonesia."}, {"text": "\"Mon c\u0153ur fait boom boom\" is a song by French virtual singer Marilou from her boyfriend Pinocchio's debut album, \"Mon Alboum!\" (2005). Released as the fourth single from that album in March 2006, the song reached number 33 in France."}, {"text": "David Higgins (born 13 December 1979) is a New Zealand boxing promoter, boxing manager and event manager under his company, Duco Events. Higgins has promoted significant events including David Tua vs Shane Cameron, Joseph Parker vs. Andy Ruiz, NRL Auckland Nines, Brisbane Global Rugby Tens and the New Zealand Fight for Life series. He has managed many notable boxers, including Joseph Parker and Jeff Horn. Other boxers he has promoted include David Letele, David Tua, Shane Cameron, Robert Berridge, Sam Rapira, Izu Ugonoh, Junior Fa, and John Parker. Early life. Higgins attended Selwyn College and graduated 1998. After graduating he enrolled into University of Auckland in Bachelor of Commerce degree majoring in marketing and international business. He graduated from Auckland University in 2002. Higgins quickly decided that he did not like corporate life and instead started his own event business in 2004, Duco Events. Fight of the Century and David Tua. On 31 January 2009, Higgins and John McRae, announced they would promote an event featuring David Tua and Shane Cameron. At the time, this was the biggest boxing event in New Zealand history, with boxers guaranteed to receive $500,000 each. The fight was originally scheduled for 6 June at"}, {"text": "Waikato Stadium, however due to Cameron injuring his hand during his warm up fight in March 2009, the fight was postponed. The event was postponed to 3 October, where it took place at Mystery Creek. David Tua won the bout and the event is considered a huge success with Higgins making a profit. The event was broadcast on Sky Pay per view. Following the event David Higgins announced that David Tua will take on Friday Ahunanya, the same guy that beat Shane Cameron. There was a struggle behind the scenes as David Tua was stuck in a three fight exclusive deal with Maori TV. Due to this Tua couldn't fight overseas and couldn't do PPV events making more revenue. David Tua won the bout the relationship between Higgins and Maori TV wasn't good. David Higgins didn't promote another event with David Tua until 2013 for Tuas final fight against Alexander Ustinov. Joseph Parker Professional Debut, International title fights. In 2012, Joseph Parker made his Professional boxing debut against Dean Garmonsway on a Duco Events promoted boxing event, Shane Cameron vs Monte Barrett. After the event, Higgins signed a six-year management deal with parker. In 2013, Higgins promoted two boxing events"}, {"text": "with Joseph Parker as the main event. First event with Parker knocking out Frans Botha. After the win, Higgins offered Shane Cameron, for the New Zealand Title. However Cameron turned the fight down as he wanted guaranteed money instead of winner takes all. Instead, Parker took on Afa Tatupu for the NZNBF New Zealand heavyweight title. A few days before the fight, Higgins offered a million dollar fight to Sonny Bill Williams to fight the winner of Tatupu and Parker. Williams management team was not interests. Parker won the bout against Tatupu by TKO, however causing a cut, keeping Parker out of action till the following year. In 2014, Higgins promoted four boxing events with three in New Zealand and one in USA. First event with Brian Minto fighting Parker. At this time David Higgins started receiving criticism from Lance Revill for ending the career of Shane Cameron and pushing Parkers career too fast. Parker won against Minto by TKO. Minto made the excuse that he received a broken nose during training camp and wasn't emotional in the fight with his father on his death bed. Higgins continued promoting events with Parker fighting in USA against Keith Thompson in August,"}, {"text": "Sherman Williams in New Zealand in October and Irineu Beato Costa Junior in December. In 2015, Higgins signed a multi-year sponsorship deal with Burger King for Joseph Parker Road to Title quest. Higgins went on to promote five boxing events with Parker defeating Jason Pettaway, Yakup Saglam, Kali Meehan, Bowie Tupou, and Daniel Martz. At the Pettaway fight, Brian Minto complained that he was barred from attending the event against Parker. Minto was in New Zealand for his own fight he was competing in, in an eight-man cruiserweight fight. In August 2015, Kali Meehan agreed to fight Parker. This fight at the time was considered to be the next New Zealander vs New Zealander Mega boxing event similar to Tua vs Cameron. Not only did Parker won the fight, he ended the career of Kali Meehan and hold the record of most titles being competed for in a single boxing bout in New Zealand with six regional titles. In 2016, Higgins promoted five events with Parker, one in Samoa against Jason Bergman which is considered the biggest boxing event in Samoa history, mandatory world title challenge spot against Carlos Takam, Solomon Haumono, Alexander Dimitrenko and a World title fight against"}, {"text": "Andy Ruiz. Joseph Parker World Title fights, Loss of title. In October 2019, Higgins was given the green light to promote the world title fight. After months of speculation if the fight will happen in New Zealand, it was announced that the fight would happen in Auckland in December 2016. Parker won the World title fight by majority decision, however after the fight Martin Snedden split from Higgins company, Duco. In May 2017, Higgins promoted an event for Parkers world title defence. The fight was originally to fight against Hughie Fury, however, due to a back injury, a last minute opponent had to be found on two weeks notice. Parker successfully defended his bout against Razvan Cojanu. However, after the event, Dean Lonergan and Higgins decided to split from working with each other. Parker went on to defend his World title against Hughie Fury in September 2017. A few days before the fight, a press conference took place promoting the World title fight. At the event, Higgins was ushered out of the room by security after he shouting accusations to the promoter Mick Hennessey. Higgins admitted he had a couple of drinks before the Press Conference. Parker successfully defended his"}, {"text": "world title against Fury. Throughout November 2017 to January 2018 Higgins confirmed that he was in negotiations with Eddie Hearn for an Anthony Joshua vs. Joseph Parker World title mega fight. The fight was confirmed in mid-January 2018. Parker lost the bout by unanimous decision. Joseph Parker Comeback. In July 2018, Parker took on Dillian Whyte. Before the fight, David Higgins put a $40,000 bet for Parker to win the bout. The fight ended in controversy with Whyte won by Unanimous Decision, however, Parker was knocked down in the second round due to an accidental headbutt. Higgins planned to put in an appeal for the decision to be changed however decided not to put in the appeal. In December 2018, Higgins promoted his first boxing event in 19 months, and first time promoting the event on his own without Dean Lonergan and Martin Snedden. This was to give Parker a fight in New Zealand. Parker took on Alexander Flores and won by TKO. Higgins was looking to make little to no money at this event. In 2019, Higgins and Parkers six-year deal had expired. Before the deal expired, Higgins helped Parker look for the best deal for Parker with overseas"}, {"text": "promoters. In the end, Parker signed with Eddie Hearn, however, Higgins signed on to remain a part of Parker's management team, during Parkers three-fight deal."}, {"text": "No Democracy is the fifteenth studio album by Japanese pop rock band Glay, released on 2 October 2019. The album's details were announced on 17 August 2019 and it references the new Reiwa era of Japan established with the ascension of Naruhito to the Chrysanthemum Throne, replacing his father Akihito and ending the Heisei era. According to guitarist and leader Takuro, the title alludes to the fact that democracy is yet to be established around the world due to issues such as war and religious conflicts. The album's bonus material includes live footage of their Glay Live Tour 2019 -Survival- tour which revisited their sixth album \"Heavy Gauge\". It reached #2 at both the \"Billboard Japan\" Hot Albums chart and the Oricon weekly charts, staying on the latter for 17 weeks. In the end of the year, it reached #79 at the \"Billboard Japan\" Year End Top Albums Sales and #87 at Oricon's. The song \"K\u014dri no Tsubasa\" was used in the Japanese dub of the 2019 film \"Wings Over Everest\". \"Hajimeri no Uta\" was featured as the opening theme of the anime \"Ace of Diamond Act II\". \"Colors\" became the theme song of the ."}, {"text": "Samaraweera Asoka Ponnamperuma (born 3 May 1936 \u2013 died 2 April 1993 as ) [Sinhala]) was an actor in Sri Lankan cinema as well as a singer, scriptwriter and filmmaker. Considered as \"Sri Lanka's Sivaji Ganeshan\", Ponnamperuma has acted more than 40 films in a career spanned for more than three decades. Personal life. He was born on 3 May 1936 in Colombo. His father Don Charles Ponnamperuma was a journalist, who worked as editor-in-chief of the Buddhist paper \"Sinhala Bauddhaya\" in 1950. His mother was Premawansha Mithrawaththa. Ashoka completed his education from Ananda College. He was married to a fellow film actress, Manel Lona Elizabeth Perera. The wedding was celebrated on 4 December 1965. Manel first acted in the film \"Deepashika\" and then appeared in few films such as \"Sihina Hathak\", \"Sekaya\", \"Layata Laya\", \"Ruhunu Kumari\" and \"Sanda Nega Eddi\". The couple has three sons - Anuradha, Sumedha, Chaminda and one daughter, Manjula. Asoka and Manel co-acted in few films such as \"Layata Laya\", \"Dehadaka Duka\", \"Ruhunu Kumari\" and \"London Hamu\". He died on 2 April 1993 at the age of 56 from heart attack. Although all funeral work is to be completed within 24 hours after his death,"}, {"text": "his request was unable to comply due to curfew in the country and the delay in the post mortem. Career. At the age of 14, he started to act in school stage dramas. Then he mastered music under R. A. Chandrasena. He won the first place in all island music competition in that year, which got the attention from musician Lionel Edirisinghe. Asoka met his acting hero L. M. Perera in a tea shop and asked about acting in a film. After few days, he received a message about a role and moved to Colombo. In 1958, his maiden cinema acting came through the film \"Suneetha\" directed by P. Neelakantan with a dual role. Then he acted in many popular films such as \"Sihinaya\", \"Sundara Birinda\", \"Suwineetha Lalani\", \"Ganthera\" and \"Samiya Birindage Deviyaya\". In 1969, he won the award for the Best Supporting actor for the film \"Indunila\" at Sarasaviya Film Festival. Asoka wrote the book \"Mal Manda Bisaw\" which is based on a true story about a prostitute that he met at Maradana Police Station. Then he wrote the book \"Ai Mata Mehema Une\". By using the book, he script his first film direction \"Pradeepa\" which was screened on"}, {"text": "2 July 1982."}, {"text": "Meshwo or Meshwa is a river flowing in the north and central parts of Gujarat, India. It is the tributary of the Sabarmati and subtribunary of the Vatrak River. It rises in the Panchara hills of Aravalli range in the Dungarpur district of Rajasthan and enters Gujarat at Shamlaji. Basin. Meshwo rises in Aravalli range and flows through Modasa, Bhiloda, Prantij of Sabarkantha and Aravalli district; Ahmedabad district and Kheda district. Meshwo meets Vatrak after near to Kheda. Meshwo flows parallel to Khari River for 203 kilometres. 8 villages of Bhiloda Taluka, 17 villages of Modasa Tauka and 12 villages of Ahmedabad and Kheda district are inhabited on Meshwo. Dams. Bombay Presidency had planned to construct dam on the river in 1926 but dropped idea after facing oppose from the Idar State. In 1945 it had been planned again and land was surveyed in 1947 for it. Permission to construct the dam was given in 1950 and the work was completed in the same year. Another dam on the Meshwo was constructed near the Shamlaji in year 1968-69 while the construction work begun in 1957-58. It costed more than for construction. Lake built after the dam has capacity to provide"}, {"text": "water for irrigation in 17.21 thousand hector land. Meshwo has peakup weir dam constructed near Raska village of Mahemdavad Taluka and the scheme was started to provide drinking water to Ahmedabad in 2000."}, {"text": "Jacob Benjamin Draper (born 24 July 1998) is a Welsh field hockey player who plays as a defender for Dutch Hoofdklasse club Pinok\u00e9 and the Wales and Great Britain national teams. He competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2024 Summer Olympics. Biography. Draper was born in Cwmbran, Wales, and started his hockey career with Gwent HC. He then played for Preston, followed by Cardiff & Met. While at Preston, Draper made his senior debut, aged 18, for Wales on 28 August 2016, in a 5\u20131 win over Austria in Vienna, Austria. He played for Wales at Hockey at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast and 2019 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship, where they finished 6th. Draper left Cardiff & Met to join Hampstead & Westminster for the 2019/20 season. Draper was selected to represent Great Britain squad for the delayed 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo and was selected to represent Wales at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham. He joined Belgian club Beerschot for the 2021\u201322 season before joining Hampstead & Westminster in the Men's England Hockey League Premier Division for the 2022\u201323 season. Draper joined Pinok\u00e9 in the Netherlands and was subsequently selected to represent Great Britain"}, {"text": "at the 2024 Summer Olympics. The team went out in the quarter-finals after losing a penalty shootout to India."}, {"text": "Bahana () may refer to these Indian Hindi-language films:"}, {"text": "A nanolattice is a synthetic porous material consisting of nanometer-size members patterned into an ordered lattice structure, like a space frame. The nanolattice is a material class that emerged after 2015. Nanolattices redefine the limits of the material property space. Despite consisting of 50-99% air, nanolattices are mechanically robust because they take advantage of size-dependent properties generally seen in nanoparticles, nanowires, and thin films. The most typical mechanical properties of nanolattices include strength, damage tolerance, and stiffness. Thus, nanolattices have a wide range of potential applications. History. Driven by the evolution of 3D printing techniques, nanolattices aiming to exploit beneficial material size effects through miniaturized lattice designs were first developed in the mid-2010s. Nanolattices are the smallest man-made lattice truss structures and a class of metamaterials that derive their properties from both their geometry (general metamaterial definition) and their elements' small size. Therefore, they can possess effective properties not found in nature, and that may not be achieved with larger-scale lattices. Synthesis. Polymer templates are manufactured by 3D printing processes, such as multiphoton lithography, self-assembly, self-propagating photopolymer waveguides, and direct laser writing techniques. Those methods can produce a unit cell size on the order of 50 nanometers. Genetic engineering also"}, {"text": "has potential in synthesizing nanolattice. Ceramic, metal or composite material nanolattices are formed by post-treatment of the polymer templates with techniques including pyrolysis, atomic layer deposition, electroplating and electroless plating. Pyrolysis, can additionally shrink lattices by up to 90%, creating the smallest structures, whereby the polymeric template material transforms into carbon, or other ceramics and metals, through thermal decomposition in inert atmosphere or vacuum. Properties. At the nanoscale, size effects and different dimensional constraints, like grain boundaries, dislocations, and distribution of voids, can change material properties. Nanolattices possess unparalleled mechanical properties. Nanolattices are the strongest existing cellular materials despite their light weight. Though 50%-99% air, nanolattice can be as strong as steel. Its effective strength can reach up to 1 GPa. On the order of 50nm, the volume of individual elements, such as walls, nodes, and trusses, thereby statistically nearly eliminate the material flaw population. The base material of nanolattices can reach mechanical strengths on the order of the theoretical strength of an ideal, perfect crystal. While such effects are typically limited to individual, geometrically primitive structures such as nanowires, the specific architecture allows nanolattices to exploit them in complex, three-dimensional structures of notably larger overall size. Nanolattices can be"}, {"text": "designed to be highly deformable and recoverable, even with ceramic base materials. Nanolattices are able to undergo 80% compressive strain without catastrophic failure and then still recover to 100% original shape. Nanolattices can possess mechanical metamaterial properties like auxetic (negative Poisson's ratio) or meta-fluidic behavior (large bulk modulus). Nanolattices can combine mechanical resilience and ultra-low thermal conductivity and can have electromagnetic metamaterial characteristics such as optical cloaking. However, one challenge in nanolattice research is how to retain the robust properties while increasing object size. It is challenging to keep nanoscale size effects in bulk structure. The straightforward workaround to overcome this challenge is to combine bulk processes with thin film deposition techniques to retain the frame space hollow structure. Applications. The first market for nanolattices may be small-scale, small-lot components for biomedical, electrochemical, microfluidic, and aerospace applications, which require customizable property combinations. In the aerospace industry, nanolattices could make aircraft lighter and save energy."}, {"text": "PT-305, also known as USS \"Sudden Jerk\", is a 78 foot Higgins PT-200-class motor torpedo boat that served with Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 22, assigned to the Mediterranean, based at Bastia, Corsica, and St. Tropez, France, where it participated in Allied invasions. After World War II, the boat operated as a tour boat in New York City and as an oyster boat in the Chesapeake Bay. It was recovered and has been restored to its 1944 condition and is on display at The National WWII Museum in New Orleans. Specifications. source: The National WWII Museum"}, {"text": "Val () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010. Geography. Val is located 11 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kadyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vasilyovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. Geography. Vasilyovo is located 39 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kornevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vasilyevka () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 438 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Vasilyevka is located 12 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lakinsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vezhbolovo () is a rural locality (or village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Vezhbolovo is located on the Vezhbolovka River, 23 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bogatishchevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vishnyakovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Vishnyakovo is located on the Vorsha River, 14 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Koroyedovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Volosovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 256 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Volosovo is located on the Kolochka River, 30 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Krutoy Ovrag is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vorsha () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,437 as of 2010. There are 8 streets. Geography. Vorsha is located on the right bank of the Vorsha River, 10 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Konino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Voshilovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Voshilovo is located 18 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Aserkhovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vyshmanovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 372 as of 2010. There are 10 streets. Geography. Vyshmanovo is located 14 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zaprudye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "J\u00f3ss J\u00e1ff\u00e9 (born October 1, 1980) is a musician and producer. He is known for work in new age, world music, reggae and electronic genres, and has collaborated with award-winning singer Mykal Rose as well as artists Jai Uttal and Donna De Lory. Biography. Jaffe was born in Santa Barbara, California and grew up in Carpinteria. He began playing guitar and writing songs at age 9 and later began studying sarode & vocal music from Ali Akbar Khan in 1997. He has studied tabla from Swapan Chaudhuri & Zakir Hussain. Music. Joss Jaffe's music has been described as a \"cross-cultural blend.\" Jaffe has performed at transformational festivals and events featuring yoga such as Lightning in a Bottle, Wanderlust, Lucidity and Bhakti Fest. He has performed and taught internationally such as in Taiwan. In 2019 his music was released on the Be Why Music record label."}, {"text": "The Superior Craton is a stable crustal block covering Quebec, Ontario, and southeast Manitoba in Canada, and northern Minnesota in the United States. It is the biggest craton among those formed during the Archean period. A craton is a large part of the Earth's crust that has been stable and subjected to very little geological changes over a long time. The size of Superior Craton is about 1,572,000 km2. The craton underwent a series of events from 4.3 to 2.57 Ga. These events included the growth, drifting and deformation of both oceanic and continental crusts. Researchers have divided the Superior Craton into many different domains based on rock types and deformation styles. These domains (grouped into western and eastern superior provinces), include the North Superior Superterrane and Wawa Terrane, among others (shown in the table below). Studies on the formation of the Superior Craton varied in progress between the western and the eastern part. For the western part, five major orogenies were involved. They include the Northern Superior Orogeny (2720 Ma), the Uchian Orogeny (2720\u20132700 Ma), the Central Superior Orogeny (2700 Ma), the Shebandowanian Orogeny (2690 Ma), and the Minnesotan Orogeny (2680 Ma). For the eastern part, two models are"}, {"text": "suggested. The first model by Percival and Skulski (2000) focuses on the collision between the terranes. The second model by B\u00e9dard (2003) and B\u00e9dard et al. (2003) focuses on the effect of an active anorogenic magmatic activity. Location. The Superior Craton covers central Canada; it occupies the northern and central part of Quebec, extending across the central and the southern part of Ontario, and also covers southeast Manitoba, with its tip reaching the boundary between the U.S. states of South Dakota and Minnesota. Tectonic setting. The Archean Superior Craton extends over 1,572,000 km2 of the North American continent. Forming the core of the Canadian Shield, the Archean Superior craton is encompassed by early Proterozoic orogens. The western to the northeastern part of the craton is bound by the Trans-Hudson orogens. To the eastern and the southeastern side are the neighbouring Grenville orogens. The southern side meets the Keweenawan rift, while the southernmost tip of the craton in Minnesota reaches the Central Plain orogen. Regarding the faults, there are three major trends of subparallel faults slicing the craton into linear subprovinces. In the northwestern part, faulting occurs in a west\u2013northwest direction. The northeastern part has northwest-trending faults. The faults in the"}, {"text": "remaining southern part possess an east\u2013west direction. Growth history of the terranes. The craton-forming terranes are created from very diverse settings, such as oceanic arc, ancient forearc, oceanic tectonic melange, uplift within the craton, fold-thrust belt and extra. Common among them is that these features were mostly formed in a compression setting. Oceanic arc setting. Some terranes, such as the Western Wabigoon Terrane, are formed from the setting of an oceanic arc. An oceanic arc is a chain of volcanoes which formed above and parallel to the subduction zones. Due to tectonic activities in the Earth, the relevant continental and oceanic crusts collided before 2.70 Ga. The denser oceanic crust subducted underneath the continental crust and melted into the mantle, which generated more magma. The huge amount of magma then rose up, penetrated through the crust above and erupted. The continuous eruption of volcanic material cooled down and accumulated around the centers of eruption, forming a chain of volcanoes in the shape of an arc. Ancient forearc basin setting. Some terranes, such as the Quetico Terrane, were forearcs in the past. A forearc is the region between the volcanic arc and the subduction zone. It includes several components, including the"}, {"text": "subduction trench, the outer arc high of the oceanic crust, the accretionary wedges, and the sedimentary basin. The outer arc high is formed by the flexural upward motion of the oceanic crust edge before it enters the subduction zone. The accretionary wedges are formed from the accumulation of marine sediment scraped off from the oceanic crust before it is subducted. The sedimentary basin is formed from the accumulation of erosive material from the volcanoes, which lying flatly between the volcanoes and the topographic high of the accretionary wedge. Uplift setting. Some terranes, such as the Kapuskasing Uplift, were formed from the uplifting of the crustal block. For example, during 1.85 Ga, the American Midcontinent and the Superior Craton collided. The collision between the two cratons triggered an Archean reverse fault, the Ivanhoe Lake fault. The upward movement of the hanging wall causes the uplift of a crustal block, known as the Kapuskasing Uplift. Fold-thrust belt setting. Some terranes, such as the Pontiac Terrane, were previously a fold-thrust belt. A fold-thrust belt is a zone consisting of a series of thrusts (reverse faults) and fault-bend folds separated by main thrust faults. The fold-thrust belt is formed in a compression setting like"}, {"text": "crust collision. when the crust is compressed, thrusts dipping towards where the compression comes formed. The hanging walls of the thrusts slide up along the fault plane and stacks above the footwall, forming a ramp anticline or fault-bend fold. General composition. The Superior Province can be divided into three parts. The first part is the northwestern region characterized by high-grade gneiss, such as Minto and Pikwitonei. The second part is the northeastern region, which is characterized by pervasive metamorphic rocks of granulite-facies. The last part is the southern region like the Minnesota River Valley, which are metavolcanic or metasedimentary subprovinces with an east\u2013west orientation. The general geological characteristics of the terranes are listed below. Development. Research of the Superior Craton in the past focused on how the western part formed. This leaves uncertainties in the linkage between the west and the east. Western Superior Craton. The western Superior Craton is formed by different terranes stitching with each other continuously during the Neoarchean period. Such a progressive assembly can be explained by five discrete orogenies (mountain-building processes). They are, from the oldest event to the youngest event, the Northern Superior Orogeny, the Uchian Orogeny, the Central Superior Orogeny, the Shebandowanian Orogeny"}, {"text": "and the Minnesotan Orogeny. These events show that the timeline of accretions starts from the north with a southward assembling direction. For these accretions, the North Caribou Terrane acted as the accretion nuclei onto which other terranes dock on its northern and southern side. Northern Superior Orogeny (2720 Ma). Before 2720 Ma, there were many pieces of microcontinent fragments which E-W trending conduit-like ocean crusts (with unknown extent) separates them. During 2720 Ma, active subduction along the Northern Superior Superterrane and the North Caribou Terrane caused the southward drifting of the Northern Superior Superterrane. Over time, it united the North Caribou Superterrane and confined the Oxford-Stull domain, which contains rock assemblages related to the continental margin and oceanic crust. The combination of the Northern Superior Superterrane and the North Caribou Superterrane by subduction marked the initiation of the Superior Craton formation. The southward movement of the Northern Superior Superterrane to the North Caribou Superterrane driven by subduction activity is evident by \"a)\" arc-related magmatism in Oxford-Stull domain during 2775-2733 Ma; \"b)\" the south-over-north shearing zone at the contact between the two terranes. The suture zone of the subduction is inferred to be the margin of the North Kenyon Fault. The"}, {"text": "docking of the Northern Superior Superterrane is evident by the >3.5 Ga detrital zircons found in synorogenic (meaning that it forms during an orogenic event) sedimentary rocks aged <2.711 Ga. The docking also initiated the eruption of shoshonitic volcanic rocks during 2710 Ma and the regional shortening. The regional shortening had undergone folding and foliation to form right-lateral, NW-trending shear zones. Uchian Orogeny (2720\u20132700 Ma). During this period, the Winnipeg River Terrane at the south docked northward onto the North Caribou Terrane. The two terranes then sutured to form the English River belt, which was no earlier than <2705 Ma. During the orogeny, at the south-central North Caribou Superterrane, rocks were deformed thoroughly (from 2718 to 2712 Ma). After the deformation, plutons were emplaced in the area after the tectonic movements and cooled by about 2700 Ma. Following the cooling of the pluton was the swift burial and melting of the rocks in the English River belt and Winnipeg River Terrane, as well as the overthrusting of the North Caribou Superterrane onto the English River Basin in a southward direction. Arc-related magmatic activities sustained in other areas of the southern North Caribou Superterrane margin at <2710 Ma. What was following"}, {"text": "is the deformation penetrative in both eastern (occurred at 2714-2702 Ma) and western (occurred at <2704 Ma) margins, followed by ductile-brittle faults. Central Superior Orogeny (2700 Ma). The Central Orogeny is significant as it involves the accretion of the younger Western Wabigoon terrane to the southwestern margin of the Winnipeg River Terrane. Two types of models were proposed to illustrate the process accretion with distinctive subduction polarity: Sanborn-Barrie and Skulski (2006) suggested that the accretion was achieved by the northeastward subduction of the Western Wabigoon Terrane underneath the Winnipeg River Terrane. This model is supported by evidence like the formation of the tonalitic and pyroclastic rocks in 2715-2700Ma and the deformation style of the Warclub turbidite assemblage which infers the over-riding of Winnipeg River Terrane on Western Wabigoon Terrane. Another type of Models was suggested by Davis and Smith (1991), Percival et al. (2004a) and Melnyk et al. (2006), which suggested an opposite direction of subduction (Southwestward). These models are supported by the ductile rock textures in the lower plate of the Winnipeg River Terrane and the open folds in the Western Wabigoon Terrane, implying the overriding role of Western Wabigoon Terrane instead of Winnipeg River Terrane shown in the"}, {"text": "previous model. Shebandowanian Orogeny (2690 Ma). Shebandowanian orogeny marks the accretion of the Wawa-Abitibi terrane to the composite Superior superterrane at the southern margin of the Wabigoon terranes. The northward direction of the subduction is evident due to the ceased arc magmatism in Winnipeg River superterrane at about 2695 Ma. Apart from the ceased magmatism, the sanukitoid plutons formed in the area during 2695-2685 Ma (which inferred the breakoff of a subduction slab) also indicated the subduction towards the north. After the subduction, the two terranes were sutured under the Quetico belt. This also trapped the clastic sediments fluxing into the belt, marking its transition from an accretionary wedge to a foreland basin. At the northern Wawa-Abitibi terrane, researchers identified two events of deformation occurred during the orogeny. The first one (D1 deformation event) is the intra-arc deformation accompanied by calc-alkaline magmatism during 2695 Ma. The second one (D2 deformation event) is the transpressive deformation at the margin between the Wawa-Abitibi Terrane and the Wabigoon terranes during 2685-2680 Ma. Minnesotan Orogeny (2680 Ma). As the last significant accretion event, The Minnesotan Orogeny is associated with the accretion of the oceanic Minnesota River Valley Terrane and the composite Superior Craton. Subduction"}, {"text": "between the two terranes drove the Minnesota River Valley Terrane northward to meet the gigantic craton, which the two terranes sutured along the Great Lake tectonic zone. The northward direction of the subduction is proven by the peraluminous granitoid magmatism in the southern margin of the Abitibi terrane, as well as the isotopic signature of the ancient crust underneath it. The Minnesotan orogeny accounts for most of the deformation events in the Wawa-Abitibi Terrane and Minnesota River Valley Terrane. Research in the past regarded the Minnesota River Valley Terrane as a stiff crust with higher resistance relative to the weaker zones between the Minnesota River Valley Terrane and the Wawa-Abitibi Terrane, like a rigid \"jaw\" juxtaposing a weak zone in the \"vice\" models suggested by Ellis et al. (1998). However, the study of seismic reflection images by Percival et al. reveals that Minnesota River Valley Terrane positions at the bottom of a thrust sequence, providing evidence that it is an oceanic slab. Orogenesis in the northeastern Superior Craton. The correlations of different building processes of the NE Superior Craton remains sophisticated. Still, there are two general understandings to unveil the relationships among the overlapping magmatic and metamorphic events. The first"}, {"text": "one is suggested by Percival and Skulski (2000). It is a collisional model which at 2700 Ma, the Rivi\u00e8re terrane from the east collided with the Hudson Bay terrane located at the west side. This collision leads to the high-grade metamorphism followed by a regional folding event. Apart from this, the model relates the collision with the Uchian orogeny concurrently happening at the south and the west. The second one is suggested by B\u00e9dard (2003) and B\u00e9dard et al. (2003). This model puts emphasis on the role of magmatic diapirism in the linear structure and metamorphism of the NE superior craton, implying an active anorogenic magmatism during the accretion of the southern Superior Craton."}, {"text": "The sixth and final season of the American comedy television series \"Silicon Valley\" premiered in the United States on HBO on October 27, 2019, and concluded on December 8, 2019. It consisted of 7 episodes. Episodes. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Production. In April 2018, it was announced that HBO had renewed the series for a sixth season. In May 2019, HBO confirmed that season six would be the final season and that it would consist of seven episodes; the show had production delays to accommodate producer Alec Berg, who ran the HBO comedy series \"Barry\". Reception. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the season holds a 94% approval rating, with an average rating of 7 out of 10 based on 18 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads, \"Though the strangeness of reality threatens to one-up it, \"Silicon Valley\"s final season is funny, fearless, and still playing by its own rules to the very end.\" On Metacritic, the season has a score of 78 out of 100 based on 4 reviews."}, {"text": "Janusz Orczykowski (2 January 1944 \u2013 17 November 2002) was a Polish footballer who played as a forward. Biography. Born in \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Orczykowski started playing football for his local club \u0141KS \u0141\u00f3d\u017a. His time in the youth sides of \u0141KS were successful with Orczykowski being part of the Polish Junior Championships win in 1962, with Orczykowski scoring the only goal in the final as they beat Legia Warsaw 1-0. In 1962 he moved to Zawisza Bydgoszcz, before joining Cracovia in 1965. While with Cracovia he played 32 times scoring 15 goals, including a season in the Polish top division. After a short spell with Start \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Orczykowski moved back to Zawisza Bydgoszcz, scoring a total of 5 goals for the team over the next two seasons. His next move was to join Lechia Gda\u0144sk, where he made his debut on 28 September 1969 against Calisia Kalisz, and scored a hattick in his second game in an 8-0 win over Gwardia Koszalin. In total for Lechia, Orczykowski played 55 times scoring 10 goals, with his last appearance for the club coming against Warta Pozna\u0144 in 1974. After a short spell with Boruta Zgierz, Orczykowski moved to the United States where he"}, {"text": "played for White Eagle Philadelphia and Apollo New York. Orczykowski died on 17 November 2002, aged 58."}, {"text": "Bartok is a 1964 British television film about B\u00e9la Bart\u00f3k. It was directed by Ken Russell. It was one of a series of Russell films on composers."}, {"text": "is the eleventh studio album by Japanese rock band Radwimps and the soundtrack for the 2019 Japanese animated film \"Weathering with You\". It was released worldwide on July 19, 2019, the day of the movie's release by EMI Records and Universal. Background. On August 26, 2017, director Makoto Shinkai sent the script of the movie to vocalist Yojiro Noda for his opinions before he received the song \"Is There Still Anything That Love Can Do?\" from Radwimps, which is used as the film's theme song. Another song, \"Grand Escape\", features vocals from T\u014dko Miura. Other songs include \"Voice of Wind\", \"Celebration\" and \"We'll Be Alright\"."}, {"text": "Glukhovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 181 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Glukhovo is located on the Vorsha River, 32 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Morozovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gnusovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 23 as of 2010. Geography. Gnusovo is located 15 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Omoforovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Golovino () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 9 km south-east from Berezniki, 25 km south-east from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Golubino () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. Geography. Golubino is located 28 km south of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shuvalikha is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Goryamino () is a rural locality (a village) in Cherkutinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Goryamino is located on the Vorsha River, 33 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Demikhovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Danilovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010. Geography. Danilovka is located 30 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kishleyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Demidovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 104 as of 2010. Geography. Demidovo is located 6 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lakinsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The \"BRW\" Rich 200, 2012 is the 29th annual survey of the wealthiest people resident in Australia, published in hardcopy and online formats in the \"BRW\" magazine on 24 May 2012. In the 2012 list, the net worth of the wealthiest individual, Gina Rinehart, was 29.17 billion. The \"BRW Rich Families List\" was published annually since 2008. In the 2012 list, the Smorgon family headed the list with estimated wealth of 2.63 billion. The Smorgon families headed the families list in every year of its publication. The families list was last published in 2015."}, {"text": "Louis L\u00e9vy-Garboua (born 27 September 1945) is a French economist whose work focuses on behavioral economics and microeconomics. He is a distinguished professor at the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne and at the Paris School of Economics. Academic career. From 1969 to 1988, L\u00e9vy-Garboua worked as a researcher at the Centre de Recherche pour l'\u00c9tude et l'Observation des Conditions de Vie (CREDOC). In 1977, he created and directed the research team \"\u00c9conomie Sociologique\" under the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). He has been a visiting professor at international institutions, including the University of Montreal, where he has been a research fellow at CIRANO (since 2000). L\u00e9vy-Garboua was established the Laboratoire de Micro\u00e9conomie Appliqu\u00e9e (LAMIA) in 1986 and served as the first director of the Doctoral School of Applied Economic Analysis in 1991 for his university. He has also played an active role in academic organizations, such as the European Public Choice Society, Journ\u00e9es de Micro\u00e9conomie Appliqu\u00e9e (JMA), and the Society for the Advancement of Behavioral Economics (SABE). His main collective accomplishments have been to contribute to: Research. L\u00e9vy-Garboua's research primarily focuses on behavioral economics, economics and psychology, decision theory, education and labor economics, and cultural economics. He has"}, {"text": "explored topics such as risk perception, cognitive biases in economic decision-making, job and school satisfaction, and the role of aspirations in human capital formation. His work has been widely cited in studies on education, cultural consumption, taxation, and social norms."}, {"text": "The biogeography of Paravian dinosaurs is the study of the global distribution of Paraves through geological history. Paraves is a clade that includes all of the Theropoda that are more closely related to birds than to oviraptorosaurs. These include Dromaeosauridae and Troodontidae (historically grouped under Deinonychosauria) and Avialae (including crown group birds, i.e. modern birds). The distribution of paraves is closely related to the evolution of the clade. Understanding the changes in their distributions may shed light on problems like how and why paraves evolve, eventually gaining the ability to fly. Paraves first appeared in the fossil record in early Late Jurassic (163\u2013145 million years ago), then rapidly diversified and dispersed during Cretaceous (145\u201366 million years ago). They emerged during the breakup of Pangea (since Early-Middle Jurassic), which influenced the biogeographic processes such as speciation, geodispersal and extinction. By the Late Cretaceous, Paraves reached global distribution with fossils found in modern Asia, Europe, Australia, Antarctica etc. Almost all Paravian dinosaurs died out before or during the end-Cretaceous mass extinction (~66 million years ago), also called the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction. As a result of this extinction event, only a small group of avialans \u2013 neornithines \u2013 were able to survive."}, {"text": "This group of Avialae continued to flourish in Cenozoic and later evolved into all modern birds. There are limitations to be considered when studying the paleobiogeography of Paraves. Firstly, the fossil record may not represent the actual distribution of the three clades mainly due to taphonomic bias. Also, the fossil record may be incomplete, which may lead to misinterpretations. Vicariance and geodispersal. Vicariance is a biogeographic process that occurs when a population is forced to separate into two or more groups due to geographic constraints. It is a key process in the biogeographic history of Paraves and one of the main hypotheses on the global distribution of dromaeosauridae in Late Mesozoic. Pangea broke up into Laurasia and Gondwana, creating an oceanic barrier in between the two landmasses where terrestrial faunal exchange was near impossible. In a regional scale, the collapse of land bridges can also cause vicariance. Geodispersal is the process where populations migrate from their origins to other areas due to the removal of geophysical barriers like mountains and seas, connecting areas that are previously isolated. Unlike vicariance, geodispersal opens up gene flow by allowing populations that had never been in contact before to interact. In reality, vicariance and"}, {"text": "geodispersal often occur together in repeated intervals. For example, the Bering Strait (Fig. 2) between North America and Asia acts as an oceanic barrier preventing terrestrial animals from crossing from one continent to another. Nonetheless, the channel was not present throughout the history of Earth. During Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, there were multiple occasions where the Bering Land Bridge formed between the two continents. The land bridge was made by tectonic movements in Late Mesozoic, and by lowering of global sea level due to climatic changes in Pleistocene. It acted as an overpass for land-dwellers to move from Asia to North America, and vice versa. Evidence for this was in the speciation of troodontids in Asia and North America respectively after the Bering Land Bridge broke off in the early Late Cretaceous. The land bridge was then repeatedly inundated and exposed since the breakup of Laurasia, contributing to the episodic exchange of fauna involving dinosaurs and mammals alike. Paleobiogeography. During the Early Mesozoic, the supercontinent Pangea just finished its assembly and almost immediately started breaking apart. The rifting began to take place during Early to Middle Jurassic (201\u2013163 million years ago), and gradually formed two extensive landmasses \u2013 Laurasia"}, {"text": "and Gondwana. The continents then continued to be ripped apart into smaller land that resembled modern continents throughout late Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The breakup of continents did not happen uniformly, and modern continents were formed at different speeds while experiencing repeated collision and rifting. This phenomenon is closely related to the dispersal and evolution of Paraves. Middle Jurassic. There was a consensus among paleontologists that Paraves first appeared in Middle to Late Jurassic (174\u2013145 million years ago). However, it was fairly recent when the clade Avialae was grouped under Paraves. With the discovery of \"Anchiornis\" (earliest feathered dinosaur with four wings) in Tiaojishan Formation in China, scientists were able to identify the appearance of Paraves within the Middle Jurassic. \"Anchiornis\" is a feathered dinosaur with anatomical features similar to that of \"Archaeopteryx\", historically the oldest known avialan. Initially considered a basal troodontid, many paleontologists have also considered it an early avialan. Feathered dinosaurs have helped to confirm that the dinosaur-to-bird hypothesis is almost certainly true. \"Anchiornis\" is seen as one of the first paravian dinosaurs to have ever existed, along with several other genera from the same family (Anchiornithidae) such as \"Aurornis\" and \"Caihong.\" Their fossils were found in the"}, {"text": "same rock formation in China, suggesting that Paraves likely originated from Asia. Following the appearance of \"Anchiornis\" and other basal paravians, a series of vicariance events were inferred to have taken place. The widespread distribution and speciation of Dromaeosauridae and Troodontidae in Late Mesozoic coincided with the timing of the Pangean breakup, thus giving rise to the hypothesis of allopatric speciation initiated by continental fragmentation. Late Jurassic. During Late Jurassic (163\u2013145 million years ago), the land was mostly separated into Laurasia (north) and Gondwana (south). In addition to that, the North Atlantic Ocean was ripped open by the separation of North America and Eurasia. In terms of biodiversity, Paraves began to speciate into three distinct clades: Dromaeosauridae, Troodontidae and Avialae. The oldest \"Archaeopteryx\" (Avialae) was found in the Solnhofen Limestone in Germany, while the oldest evidence of Dromaeosauridae was unearthed in the Morrison Formation in North America. Troodontidae continued to diversify and can be found in Asia, Europe and North America. They were most probably dispersed from Asia to other continents on land. Around the same time, Avialae began to obtain the ability to fly. This may contribute to the rapid diversification and dispersal of avialans in later stages. Cretaceous."}, {"text": "In Early Cretaceous (145\u2013100 million years ago), the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean commenced and South America became fully detached from Africa at approximately 100 Ma. Despite the fragmentation of land, terrestrial animals can still cross from continent to continent, facilitated by the land bridges and shallow seas. Apart from Troodontidae, Dromaeosauridae and Avialae began spreading to other continents. Dromaeosauridae dispersed to Asia and Africa, likely made possible by the Apulian Route connecting Eurasia and Africa, and the Bering Land Bridge linking North America and Asia. The Apulian Route was established in early Late Jurassic and broke off towards the end of Jurassic. At this stage, paravian distribution concentrated mostly on the northern hemisphere, with exceptions of avialae found in South America and Australia. The iconic Jehol Biota found in Yixian Formation and Jiufotang Formation in Inner Mongolia yielded fossils of early avialans including enantiornithes (a subclass of birds) and small dromaeosaurids (i.e. microraptorians). During the paravians' rapid diversification, some of the better-known dinosaurs came into existence, including the troodontid \"Mei\". In Late Cretaceous (100\u201366 million years ago), both Dromaeosauridae and Avialae had reached global distribution, while Troodontidae remained found only in Asia (including India) and North America.There were"}, {"text": "many more avialan records in Antarctica and Australia in Early Cretaceous compared to that of Late Cretaceous. Paleontologists also deduced a slight change in diet in avialans during Cretaceous. While most Paraves in Late Jurassic were carnivorous (meat-eater), some avialans were found to be seed-eating in this period. This change in diet and the sudden avian diversification coincided with the spread of angiosperms (flowering plants), implying that there may have been coevolution taking place where the avialans and the flowering plants impact each other's evolution. End-Cretaceous mass extinction. The Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction (~66 million years ago) is one of the most-studied extinction events. While not being the largest known mass extinction event, it is famous for its impact on dinosaurs. Like all other dinosaurian species, almost all Paraves died out sometime between the latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) and the start of Paleogene \u2013 with one exception. Given the title \"the most successful dinosaurs\" by paleontologists, neornithines managed to survive the mass extinction and continued to flourish in present days. The reason as to why only neornithines lived was still a very much debated topic among vertebrate paleontologists. Some believed that it was related to their global distribution and the cause of"}, {"text": "mass extinction. The fossil record of late Cretaceous neornithines concentrated in the southern hemisphere where Gondwana once was. It is then hypothesised that life in the southern hemisphere suffered less because the impact of the meteor at Chicxulub was northward-facing. Another hypothesis suggested that the extinction of non-neornithines was unlikely a result of mass extinction but was instead caused by a change in vegetation pattern. It is found that a portion of non-neornithines was already extinct before the impact event. This can be accounted for by the regional scale vegetation loss that occurred in North America, which largely affected the atmospheric composition and disrupted the food chain. Both hypotheses, along with any other possibilities, have yet to be proven with definitive evidence. One certain thing is that neornithines did not diversify much in Cretaceous compared to that in the early Cenozoic, unlike other groups of birds. The fossil record for neornithines in Late Cretaceous was sparse, but there was an explosive increase in fossils in Early Cenozoic. As the radiation of neornithines happened together with the rise of mammals, it seems logical that the two events were related. Paleogene-present. As the Earth entered a new era, the continents started to"}, {"text": "move into their modern positions. Australia and South America finally separated from Antarctica while the Indian subplate began its collision into Asia, creating the world's largest mountain range the Himalayas. At the same time, the global average temperature cooled down since Late Cretaceous with a Thermal Maximum at Paleocene-Eocene boundary and Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum. Between these warm episodes were periods of cooling (Oligocene global cooling), where seawater level fell and land bridges between Africa and Eurasia (i.e. Gomphotherium landbridge), and Eurasia and North America (i.e. Bering Land Bridge) were formed. Vegetation patterns underwent drastic changes in Cenozoic. With long periods of global warming, grasslands spread to regions of higher latitudes. This phenomenon facilitated the dispersal of avialans that lived in non-arboreal environments, examples found in Green River Formation (USA) and Messel Oil Shale (Germany). Neornithines underwent a rapid increase in number in Paleogene in a relatively short time, though crown group birds were still sparse. Since the continents were almost entirely separated from each other, neornithines began to speciate independently. Most of the mutations occurred in birds without long-distance flight abilities, and the most prominent changes were found in birds living on isolated islands like New Zealand and Australia."}, {"text": "It is hypothesised that due to the lack of large carnivorous (meat-eating) predators on these islands due to the extinction of dinosaurs, birds were able to evolve and adapt to the new environments. Such mutations include an increase in body sizes but reduced wings and development of flightlessness, as found in birds like moas (completely extinct by the year 1440), kiwis and ostriches. Though they were not closely related to one another, this evolution pattern indicates that birds evolve similarly in isolated environments without major threats of predators. Summary of paleobiogeography. D \u2013 Dromaeosauridae (\u2605) T \u2013 Troodontidae (\u29e0) A \u2013 Avialae (\u26ab\ufe0e) Limitations. Flight capabilities. There are some limitations in studying the biogeography of Paraves, including their development of flight. Flight capabilities in Paraves were developed since the Late Jurassic. While only several groups of paravian dinosaurs have such abilities, it is certainly a possibility that it contributed to their dispersal in late Mesozoic. In these cases, the biogeographic record of Paraves cannot be interpreted solely by whether the land was connected or not. Modern migratory birds can travel covering long distances without relying much on land. This means that the development of long-distance flight occurred at some point"}, {"text": "between the first appearance of bird-like dinosaurs and present day. It is found that, at least until Early Cretaceous, Paraves can only glide between trees instead of flying like modern birds. Thus, their flight abilities do not affect the dispersal of Paraves. In Cenozoic, avian flight abilities were more or less developed in neornithines, though there are exceptions that are flightless birds mainly found in isolated islands. Since then, flight in avians had become a major factor contributing to the dispersal of birds. Taphonomic bias. Taphonomic bias is caused by the difference in how organisms decay and fossilise. It is another challenge faced by paleontologists as the fossil records are often incomplete. Moreover, some localities have better-preserved record due to their geological history than the others, leading to misinterpretations in biogeography. This is especially true for dinosaurian fossil records since localities in North America and China had a much higher abundance of fossils preserved in sedimentary rocks. In fact, there is only one known rock formation that holds a relatively complete and dated record of the latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian), named the Hell Creek Formation in western North America. The fossils for birds (including basal avialans) in Late Cretaceous are incomplete"}, {"text": "as well, given the sparse record discovered in Australia and Antarctica. Other possible types of taphonomic bias include collecting bias. Fossils of species that lived in a specific environment can also be poorly preserved. An example being fossils of arboreal neornithines (birds that live in trees) are rarely found in the late Mesozoic and earliest Paleocene. This may lead to the conclusion that they did not diversify in that period due to underrepresentation, which may or may not be true."}, {"text": "Mudgee, an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales had two incarnation, from 1859 to 1920 and from 1927 to 1968. Election results. Elections in the 1920s. 1920 - 1927. District abolished"}, {"text": "A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Mudgee on 13 January 1882 because Samuel Terry had been appointed to the Legislative Council to the seat vacated by John Robertson, which would allow Robertson to return to the Assembly as Secretary for Lands."}, {"text": "Demikhovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Demikhovo is located on the Vorsha River, 33 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kudelino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Dobrynino () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 81 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Dobrynino is located on the Koloksha River, 23 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sheldyakovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Dubrovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. Geography. Dubrovka is located on the Vorsha River, 23 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stolbishchi is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Songyang Catholic Church () is a Roman Catholic Church located in Xiping Subdistrict, Songyang County, Zhejiang, China. History. Songyang Catholic Church was built in the Guangxu period (1875\u20131908) of the Qing dynasty (1644\u20131911). It is the only well-preserved Catholic Church in Lishui city. Architecture. Now the existing main buildings include the Church, the Priest Building and living buildings."}, {"text": "The Fordsburg Reformed Church was a congregation of the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa (NGK) that served the western Johannesburg suburb of Fordsburg from November 6, 1896, to 1988. Background. The Cape Colony Vrouesendingbond (VSB, or Women's Missionary Society) was founded in 1889 in Wellington. In 1893, the first VSB deputies led by Mrs. Maria Kloppers arrived in Johannesburg and Fordsburg, where they ministered to the poor Afrikaners living in the \"Brickyards\" outside of town who made bricks for the growing city's buildings. The workers often had to clean the houses before serious conversation could be had with the residents. Mrs. Abbie Park Ferguson, who arrived in 1895 among by then five VSB volunteers, noted a significant workload including home visits, prayer hours, Sunday school, and children's rosaries, to say nothing of healing and helping the poor while helping them find employment. Kloppers later wrote that \"in Johannesburg, Afrikaners' fortunes first began to decline.\" The suburban slums introduced a poor white population (named in Afrikaans armblankes, armlastiges, or later minderbevoorregtes) that the state would subsidize at the cost of hundreds of thousands of Rands. In Fordsburg, where rents were low but wages likewise and food costs expensive, the poorest"}, {"text": "of this growing underclass lived, including blacks and Cape Coloureds as well as whites. Kloppers adopted many orphans and raised them in an orphanage that would later bear her name in Observatory. Disaster. Fordsburg seceded from the Langlaagte Reformed Church in 1896 with Rev. Abraham Kriel as consulent. Shortly before, he had arranged funds for building a small but elegant church in the neighborhood, which had opened in December 1895. He considered it one of the best congregations on the Rand. On the afternoon of Wednesday, February 19, 1896, the Braamfontein Explosion occurred in nearby Braamfontein, in which a dynamite wagon destined for the mine exploded after three days sitting in the sun. The resulting four-story-deep crater leveled houses in Vrededorp, Fordsburg, and surrounding areas and severely damaged others. Kloppers had just arrived in the new church to prepare for three o'clock prayers when she heard a great shock and \"the roof sank on me. I struggle to get out. It is a wonder that anyone could come out alive. The doors and beams stuck out under the floor. Someone called out 'Mrs. Kloppers, are you alive! Ah, come here!' Destruction, lament, weep, wail!\" Corpses lay around, some maimed beyond"}, {"text": "recognition, and some of the injured were similarly wounded but able to recognize relatives. A row of heads of children and adults laid visible in the school, including a class of the VSB Sunday School. Two-year-old Francina was found a day later playing with a bucket under the remains of a stove. She was the first of thirteen children the VSB adopted to start their orphanage. Soon, the Revs. Marthinus Daneel and Pieter Gerhardus Jacobus Meiring arrived in the area to set up a mess hall for the injured. The Rev. Kriel established the new congregation's cemetery by burying 127 bodies on its first day. Coffins, ten of which only contained partial remains, were carried on mules. Dozens died of their injuries, and a funeral procession wound its way to the cemetery. The Rev. Kriel wept the next day in the study of the Rev. J.N. Martins of Johannesburg. First church built. The new Fordsburg church was among the razed buildings in Fordsburg, and while it was in use two months later, only the walls remained. A gable was split in half, doors and windows were crushed, and the roof collapsed into the walls. The impoverished residents could scarcely repair"}, {"text": "their own homes, let alone the church. A tent was set up for prayer nearby, where many sought divine intervention and looked for their loved ones. Local homes were converted into makeshift hospitals. The Rev. Kriel, however, set about fundraising for reconstruction immediately, quickly raising \u00a332,000 from his donor list. He bought travel tickets to help people reach family elsewhere. The consulent sought funds not only in Johannesburg proper but also as far as Harrismith, where he collected in the church of an old friend, requesting that the organist refrain from playing so he could explain the disaster in detail to the parishioners. The collection drive was a success and the church was built, continuing to serve the congregation until Sunday, April 28, 1940, when the congregation left for Mayfair. Vrededorp secession. Worshipers from Vrdedorp and Brixton began agitating in church council meetings for their own district or curate as early as the tenure of Rev. J.S. Marais (pastor of Fordsburg, 1920-1925). The council was recalcitrant despite the overtures of the secretaryof the Johannesburg Ring (sub-synod), telling the representative that \"the council of Fordsburg refuses to give up a single member of its congregation\" (February 1922 meeting notes). The Ring"}, {"text": "considered the Fordsburg congregation unwieldy and insisted at least on a curate, who would prove difficult to recruit and maintain, as a Rev. Venter who stayed for just three months in 1924 proved. Several months later, the council secured rev. D.J.J. Roussouw for the post, but left after only six months. When the Rev. Marais was replaced by the Rev. J.C. Pauw, the Ring once again presented a growing consensus throughout the Transvaal NGK Synod that a thousand members per pastor was an ideal ratio, clearly justifying a curate or secession in this case. At the 1926 Ring Conference in Waterval, a Fordsburg census of 1,500-1,600 members led the Ring Committee to condemn the Fordsburg council's refusal to procure help. After the Committee spoke once more with the council that October, the council agreed to separate its part of Vrededorp given their experience with curates. The Fordsburg council offered to have the Vrederus Reformed Church do the same with its slice of that suburb, which thus released the adjacent territories on August 26, 1927, as the Vrededorp congregation (later Cottesloe). Vrederus was renamed Melville to avoid confusion. Fordsburg refuses further secession. No sooner had Vrededorp seceded when the Ring Committee"}, {"text": "reiterated its judgment of the congregation as too large for a single pastor and therefore requiring further secession. The Fordsburg council felt the Committee was too hasty, and the Fordsburg secretary replied that \"the recent secession led to the council bestowing \u00a37 10 s. a month for two years on the new Vrededorp congregation. Before that matter is resolved, the council cannot proceed with further division\" (church council notes, April 1928). Two years later, once that subsidy was paid out, the Ring Committee again approached the Fordsburg council pleading for at least a Brixton curate. Eventually, in March 1931, proponent D.S. Lubbe came to fill that role, but he left scarcely a month later, and the council \"decided that no more curates would be sought at this time\" (council notes, May 1931). After two years, elder P.C.N. Jooste declared \"that the congregation had grown too large for only one pastor...and that the time had come for part of it to be served by a curate\" (council notes, October 1933). Property purchase in Brixton. Despairing of ever finding a curate who would stay, the council came around to the idea of allowing a Brixton congregation to secede. Therefore, the council purchased"}, {"text": "the Brixton Freemasons' hall in 1935 for \u00a3775. Although originally intended more for office hours, sales, and Sunday school in the district than for worship services, the purchase led to talk of Brixton and Mayfair West seceding at the council meetings. In February 1937, the council set up a special commission to examine the issue. Brixton's final secession. At the April 27, 1937, council meeting, the commission reported 855 members living in Brixton and Mayfair West and recommended these wards be let go. The council agreed, negotiated the new boundaries, and at next month's meeting awarded the Brixton hall and \u00a3750 to the prospective congregation. However, Rev. Pauw became gravely ill, delaying further consideration of the move. After Rev. Pauw's death in November 1937, the council resumed their work and elder De Kock submitted the plans to the Ring Committee for releasing Brixton, Mayfair West, and Crosby. The council also agreed to postpone searching for a new pastor for themselves until the splits were complete. After the Langlaagte council agreed to donate land between St. Fillans Avenue and St. Gotthard Street to the new congregation, the Ring Committee declared Brixton its own church on April 20, 1938. Hall and parsonage"}, {"text": "in Mayfair. Seeing heavy growth towards Mayfair, the church council already decided in April 1927 to buy eight plots of land in that district. The August 1928 council meeting agreed to have Rev. Pauw run a special committee to investigate building a new meeting hall and parsonage on those plots, and the committee's October report suggested an estimated cost of \u00a31,200 for the church and \u00a32,000 for the parsonage. The council approved the project on November 13. The contractor, Labuschagne, began laying foundations in May 1929, and the inaugural celebrations were held on November 16 of that year. The cost was \u00a31,275 before factoring in the sewage system built the following year, which raised the total to \u00a34,056. The parsonage was then leased out to the verger so that the Rev. and Mrs. Pauw could settle into their new home. Final move from Fordsburg to Mayfair. The Rev. Pauw died on November 14, 1937, in Johannesburg General Hospital and was buried two days later in the church where he had preached for a dozen years. The church was full to the point that loudspeakers were needed to broadcast the funeral to the surrounding crowd. A procession of 280 cars and"}, {"text": "two municipal busses accompanied his hearse to the Brixton cemetery where he was buried in the presence of 19 pastors. During the ensuing vacancy until May 1938, proponent C.J. Herold served the congregation. On April 23 of that year, proponent J.J. Louw was hired to be invested on June 30 by the consulent, Rev. J.D. van Nieker of Langlaagte, as the fifth pastor of Fordsburg. The Rev. Louw's tenure would be the shortest yet, since he would leave for a post in Springs on March 30, 1941. The highlight of the Rev. Louw's tenure was the building of a new church near the hall and parsonage in Mayfair. Even before 1920, the council had begun inveighing in racially charged terms against a \"fast-moving Indian invasion\" in Fordsburg. The church was \"surrounded by Asians on all sides\" in the 1930s, as the sharpening rhetoric of the times put it. Still loaded with \u00a32,000 worth of debt from the new Mayfair buildings, the council postponed an elder's proposal to move in June 1934. In October 1937, however, the issue was raised again and a committee appointed, but the committee recommended that the issue should await the investiture of the late Rev. Pauw's"}, {"text": "replacement. Immediately after the Rev. Louw's ordination, the council started a construction fund. The first order of business was selling the old church and parsonage in Fordsburg, which earned more than \u00a35,000 but caused further problems. When the South African Republic's Executive Council deeded the land to the Langlaagte congregation on May 31, 1895, it was under the condition that the council could sell the building if it was found unfit but could only put the proceeds toward building one in the same municipality. This would seem to preclude building one in Mayfair. The Regirstrar of Deeds informed the church council that the Executive Council's decision would first need to be amended. The church council would obtain this amendment in time to sell the old parsonage and church in Fordsburg in June 1939 and build the new one in Mayfair for \u00a310,000. New church built. The building committee was started that month and was chaired by Rev. Louw. They accepted bids for a blueprint by architects Geers & Geers, won by contractor George Beckett in January 1940. The Rev. Louw laid the cornerstone of the new church on 4th Avenue on March 2, 1940, surrounded by around 250 dignitaries including"}, {"text": "Rev. Pauw's widow and prominent pastors and city council members. He sermonized for the occasion on Joshua 24:27: \"Joshua said to all the people, 'See, this stone shall be a witness against us.\" After the sermon, the Rev. Louw offered \u00a360 to pay for the stone. The church building opened on Monday, April 29, 1940. Prof. Rev. D.J. Keet of the University of Pretoria Department of Theology gave the consecration speech for an edifice with 600 pews that cost \u00a37,712 6s. 6d. including the organ, bell, furniture, etc. The elderly members in particular bid a fond farewell to the old church and parsonage on Central Road in Fordsburg that served the congregation for over 40 years. An official evening farewell was held there on Sunday, April 28, the day before the new one's consecration, along with the last communion in the old church. Despite poor weather, the building was full, and the Rev. A.P. Smit recalls: \"the atmosphere was gloomy. Even cheerful choruses could not lighten the mood. More than one tear was shed silently, especially when the choir poignantly, earnestly sung the hymn \"Moet ek gaan met le\u00eb hande\" (\"Must I Go Empty-Handed\") at the end of the service."}, {"text": "Thus the old church and parsonage were sold, eventually to be razed and replaced with businesses. Later developments. The Mayfair Reformed Church (in the southern portion of the suburb) seceded from Fordsburg in 1953, but was re-absorbed into the mother church in the 1970s. The Fordsburg congregatio's name was changed in the 1980s to Goudstad (\"Gold City\" a common name for Johannesburg as a whole), but in 1988 it was absorbed by Langlaagte, which was thus renamed Goudlaagte. Later, Langlaagte returned to its original name despite consisting of three congregations in one, until it was absorbed by a fellow triune church, the Vergesig Reformed Church (which would later absorb the Crosby West Reformed Church as well). After the 1988 merger, the old Fordsburg tower church was converted into the headquarters of the Muslim Sultan Bahu Centre. Very few NGK worshipers remain in the portion of Vergesig that was once the Fordsburg congregation. Location. The final Fordsburg church, now a mosque, was located on 44 4th Avenue in Fordsburg."}, {"text": "A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Mudgee on 29 June 1886 because of the resignation of John Robertson attributed to ill-health, financial difficulties and loss of the premiership. Results. <includeonly> John Robertson resigned.</includeonly>"}, {"text": "Dubrovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 68 as of 2010. Geography. Dubrovo is located 14 km south of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shepeli is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yelkhovitsa () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 23 as of 2010. Geography. Yelkhovitsa is located 13 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kuzmino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yelkhovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 26 as of 2010. Geography. Yelkhovka is located 34 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Burykino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yeltesunovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 215 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Yeltesunovo is located 38 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stepanikha is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yermonino () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 236 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Yermonino is located 21 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nikulino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yerosovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 22 as of 2010. Geography. Yerosovo is located on the Koloksha River, 28 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Astafyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zhabino () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. Zhabino is located 33 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Golovino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zherekhovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 357 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Zherekhovo is located 23 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dobrynino is the nearest rural locality. History. Zherekhovo was granted the Vsevolozhsky family by Tsar Michael in 1622."}, {"text": "Zhokhovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 107 as of 2010. Geography. Zhokhovo is located on the left bank of the Klyazma River, 26 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pogost is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zaprudye () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. There are 8 streets. Geography. Zaprudye is located 15 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vyshmanovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zarechnoye () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,165 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Zarechnoye is located 17 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mitrofanka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zubovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. Zubovo is located 17 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karpovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Badgerys Creek, an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, was created in 1991 and abolished in 1999."}, {"text": "Glen Loy is a glen or valley in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland which opens onto the Great Glen at its eastern end. It is drained by the River Loy which rises at a low col just under 230m above sea level as numerous burns drain the hillsides of Druim Fada on the south side and Druim Gleann Laoigh on the north. Further tributary burns drain the southwestern slopes of Beinn Bh\u00e0n, a 771m high Corbett and Marilyn to the northeast of the lower part of the glen. A minor road stretches up the valley from the B8004 road at Loy Bridge crossing the river once at Inverskilavulin Bridge before reaching a cul-de-sac short of Achanellan. A private vehicle track continues westwards up the glen from that point and in turn becomes a footpath which continues over the col and down through Gleann Suileag beyond. The glen has been carved through rocks of the Moine succession, specifically those of the Upper Garry Psammite Formation contained within the Loch Eil Group, a sequence of metamorphosed rocks of probable marine origin dating from the Neoproterozoic era. The lower (eastern) end of the glen is formed in silica-poor igneous rocks which are part"}, {"text": "of the Glen Loy Complex. This hornblende gabbro and diorite was intruded during the Silurian period in the course of the Caledonian Orogeny. Much of the lower part of the glen is owned and managed by Forestry and Land Scotland (formerly Forestry Commission Scotland) as commercial forestry plantation though remnants of deciduous and native Scots pine woodland remain at Coille Phuiteachain which has been protected as a reserve since 1931. A wildlife holiday business, Glenloy Wildlife, operates from Glenloy Lodge at the foot of the glen. In terms of clan history see:"}, {"text": "Reyhan Topchubashova (; 15 December 1905 \u2013 5 March 1970) was an Azerbaijani painter, Honored Art Worker of the USSR. Biography. Reyhan Topchubashova was born on December 15, 1905, in Quba. She studied at the Technical School of Art in Baku in 1931-1935. In 1941-1945 she was Deputy Chairman of the Board of the Union of Artists of Azerbaijan. Since 1943 she was the Honored Art Worker of the USSR. In 1923, Reyhan Topchubashova married a doctor Mustafa Topchubashov. Her son Ibrahim Topchubashov was born in 1924, and in 1927 Zemfira and Elmira twins were born. She was one of the first Azerbaijani women painters. The artist's works have been displayed in national exhibitions since 1936. Reyhan Topchubashova has worked in portrait, domestic, landscape genres, as well as compositions and still lifes. The nature of Absheron is the main theme in her landscape works. The artist drawing posters of propaganda during the Second World War also designed costume sketches for song and dance ensembles. \"Mirza Alakbar Sabir\", \"Gamar Almaszade\", \"Old Bazaar\", \"Wedding\", \"Street\", \"Maiden Tower\", \"Sea\", \"The View of Mardakan\", \"Night View of the Sea\", \"Autoportrait\", \"Nizami Ganjavi\", are the most known paintings of Reyhan Topchubashova. She was also the"}, {"text": "designer of Tarlan Ballet, written by A. Badalbeyli in 1950. Her works are displayed in the collections of various Baku museums. Reyhan Topchubashova died on March 5, 1970, in Baku."}, {"text": "Lilou Station (), is an underground station on Line 1 of Tianjin Metro. The station is located in Jinnan District, Tianjin, China."}, {"text": "Rebecca Bryony Hoyle is a professor of applied mathematics at the University of Southampton, and associate dean for research at Southampton. She was the London Mathematical Society Mary Cartwright Lecturer for 2017. Research. Hoyle describes herself as \"an interdisciplinary mathematician working on dynamical processes in biology and social science\". Her 2017 LMS Mary Cartwright Lecture, entitled \"Transgenerational plasticity and environmental change\", illustrates her work in evolutionary biology but her research is broader than that, touching on diverse topics in applied mathematics including dynamic network analysis and industrial ecology. She is the author of the book \"Pattern Formation: An Introduction to Methods\" (Cambridge University Press, 2006). Education and career. Hoyle read mathematics at the University of Cambridge, where she earned a bachelor's degree in 1989, took the Mathematical Tripos in 1990, and completed her Ph.D. in 1994. Her dissertation, \"Instabilities of Three Dimensional Patterns\", was supervised by Michael Proctor. After postdoctoral study at Northwestern University she returned to Cambridge as a research and teaching fellow, but after a brief stint at McKinsey & Company she moved to the University of Surrey in 2000. She moved again to Southampton in 2016. Awards. Hoyle won the inaugural Hedy Lamarr Prize in 2021, awarded"}, {"text": "by the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications for knowledge exchange in mathematics and its applications. Hoyle is a founding member of the Virtual Forum for Knowledge Exchange in Mathematical Sciences (V-KEMS) and was awarded the prize primarily for her role in setting up V-KEMS and for promoting effective knowledge exchange during the COVID-19 pandemic."}, {"text": "Ivlevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2010. Geography. Ivlevo is located on the Klyazma River, 19 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Baranniki is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kadyevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010. Geography. Kadyevo is located 9 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Val is the nearest rural locality. History. In the late 19th to early 20th century, the village was part of the Vorshinskaya volost of the Vladimir district, since 1926 this is part of the Sobinskaya volost. In 1859 there were 34 households, in 1905 - 48 households, in 1926 - 48 households, an agricultural cooperative and an elementary school. Since 1929, the village has been the center of the Kadyevsky Selsoviet of the Sobinsky district, since 1965 it has been part of the Vyshmanovsky Selsoviet, since 2005 it has been part of the Aserkhovsky rural settlement."}, {"text": "Kaliteyevo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 39 as of 2010. Geography. Kaliteyevo is located 43 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yeltesunovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Karacharovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 31 as of 2010. Geography. Karacharovo is located 16 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bakino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Karpovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. Karpovo is located 18 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zubovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kishleyevo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 396 as of 2010. There are 9 streets. Geography. Kishleyevo is located 33 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Danilovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Koverlevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 11 as of 2010. Geography. Koverlevo is located 31 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Danilovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kolokolnitsa () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 17 as of 2010. Geography. Kolokolnitsa is located 11 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pushnino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Koloksha () is a rural locality (a village) in Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 31 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Koloksha is located on the Koloksha River, 20 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Parfentyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Koloksha () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 907 as of 2010. There are 10 streets. Geography. Koloksha is located 19 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ustye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Konino () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 146 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Konino is located on the right bank of the Vorsha River, 12 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kuzmino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Glen Kingie is a glen or valley in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland which opens onto Glen Garry at its north-eastern end at Kingie. It is drained by the River Kingie which rises at a 650m col between the peaks of An Eag and Sgurr Cos na Breachd-laoidh. The river is fed by numerous burns both to north and south, key amongst which are Allt a' Chinn Bhric, Allt a' Choire Ghlais, Allt Coir' an Stangain Mhoir, Allt a' \u00f9Riabhaich and Allt Torrain Dharaich. The waters of the Kingie enter those of the River Garry at Kingie Pool. Much of the northern side of the glen is formed by the slopes of 1003m high mountain of Sgurr Mor and the 919m high Gairich, both of which are Munros. The more broken southern side is dominated, at least in its upper reaches, by three (Corbetts; the 835m high Sgurr Cos na Breachd-laoidh, the 858m Fraoch Bheinn and the 880m Sgurr Mhurlagain. The glen runs through territory formed by psammites and pelites of the late Precambrian Glenfinnan Group of the Loch Ness Supergroup, a thick sequence of metamorphosed rocks which is intruded by the West Highland Granite Gneiss in the middle section"}, {"text": "of the glen. There are no public roads within the glen though a private vehicle track extends through the plantation from Glen Garry. An old right of way continues westwards from near the head of this track. Much of the lower part of the glen is planted up as a commercial forestry plantation, contiguous with plantations in Glen Garry."}, {"text": "Ready or Not is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead. It contains nine songs recorded at various venues from 1992 to 1995. It was released on November 22, 2019, in LP and CD format. Unfinished Grateful Dead album. In February 1992, the Grateful Dead began work on recording a new studio album. That album was never completed, and the group disbanded in 1995 following the death of Jerry Garcia. Most likely the unfinished studio album would have included the songs that appear on \"Ready or Not\". Critical reception. On AllMusic, Fred Thomas wrote, \"\"Ready or Not\" indeed offers a glimpse of what another studio album from what turned out to be the group's later phase would have sounded like, only with the buffer of comfort that comes from them working out the songs on-stage. It's a document not quite like any of the Dead's hundreds of other archival releases, zeroing in on unfamiliar and exciting material.\" Personnel. Grateful Dead Production"}, {"text": "Antonio Giovanni Battisto Peresinotti (Russian:\u0410\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043e \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0438; 1708, Bologna - 28 October 1778, Saint Petersburg) was an Italian-born Russian painter and academician who taught decorative art and perspective at the Imperial Academy of Arts. Biography. He was apprenticed to the decorative painter, Girolamo Bon (c. 1700\u20131766). Bon and his new wife Rosa (a comic opera singer) went to Saint Petersburg in 1735, where he had been offered work as a scenic designer. In 1742, Bon invited two of his former students, Peresinotti and Giuseppe Valeriani to join him there. Peresinotti eventually advanced from being a theater painter to working for the Imperial court. He worked on several major projects; including murals at Anichkov Palace, several murals and designs for a new theater at the Winter Palace (1749-1765), and murals for the Catherine Palace (1753-1755), and the (1765-1769). While there, he also took several students. The engraver, worked with him from 1748 to 1754. The landscape painter, , was his apprentice from 1756. In 1766, he was appointed to the Imperial Academy and began teaching classes there. He received the title of \"Academician\" in 1767 and became a member of the Council of Professors. He was especially fond of depicting ruins, and"}, {"text": "often assigned his students to paint them. His most famous student there was Fyodor Alekseyev. Most of his work has not been preserved. Only two stand-alone paintings are known, both landscapes with ruins, on display at the academy's museum. Wall paintings at the Peterhof Palace are also notable."}, {"text": "Howden Court Hotel in Torquay, Devon, is listed on the English Heritage Register as Grade II. It was built in about 1860. Today it is a hotel."}, {"text": "The 2020\u201321 Thai League 1 is the 24th season of the Thai League 1, the top Thai professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1996, also known as Toyota Thai League due to the sponsorship deal with Toyota Motor Thailand. A total of 16 teams will compete in the league. The season began on 14 February 2020 and is scheduled to conclude in October 2020. The 1st transfer window is from 11 November 2019 to 3 February 2020 while the 2nd transfer window is from 15 June 2020 to 12 July 2020. Chiangrai United are the defending champions, while BG Pathum United, Police Tero and Rayong have entered as the promoted teams from the 2019 Thai League 2. On March 1, all of Thai League 1 matches between 7 and 31 March will be played behind closed doors as broadcast only events. However, on March 4, the decision changed to postpone all of matches prior to 18 April due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. In April 2020, the Football Association of Thailand announced that the season would restart in September 2020 and end in May 2021, with the top four teams after the first half of"}, {"text": "the season qualifying for the 2021 AFC Champions League. For the 2022 AFC Champions League, the same criteria as applied in previous years will be followed, with the league and Thai FA Cup winners qualifying for the group stage, and the league runners-up and 3rd place qualifying for the play-offs. Teams. There are 16 clubs in the league, with three promoted teams from Thai League 2 replacing the two teams that were relegated from the 2019 season along with PTT Rayong who folded at the end of the campaign. All clubs that secured Thai League status for the season were subject to approval by the AFC Club Licensing before becoming eligible to participate. Chainat Hornbill and Chiangmai were relegated at the end of the 2019 season after finishing in the bottom two places of the table. PTT Rayong withdrew from the league after the season, sparing Suphanburi from relegation. They were replaced by 2019 Thai League 2 champions BG Pathum United, whom played under the name Bangkok Glass in the 2018 Thai League 1 campaign. They were joined by runners up Police Tero, who also got promoted at the first time of asking and 3rd place Rayong. Rayong was founded"}, {"text": "in 2009 and earned promotion to the Thai League 1 for the first time in their history. \"Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.\" Foreign players. The FIFA Transfer Window Period for Thailand was 19 November 2019 to 10 February 2020, and 15 June to 12 July 2020. League table. The top three teams at the end of the season qualify for the 2022 AFC Champions League. Qualification for 2021 AFC Champions League. The top four teams after the first half of the season (Round 15) qualify for the 2021 AFC Champions League. The Round 15 match between Chiangrai United and Port, originally scheduled to be played on 5 January 2021, was postponed along with all matches in January 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand, and could not be played before the 2021 AFC Champions League group stage draw on 27 January 2021, and thus this match would not be taken into account when ranking the third-placed and fourth-placed teams between Chiangrai United and Ratchaburi Mitr Phol. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Positions by round - first half of season. The top four teams after the first half of the season (Round 15) qualified for the 2021 AFC Champions League. \"As of 28"}, {"text": "March 2021.\" \"As of 28 March 2021.\" \"As of 28 March 2021.\""}, {"text": "Constantin Ionescu (12 September 1958 \u2013 31 July 2024) was a Romanian Grandmaster (GM) (1988), Romanian Chess Championship winner (1999), World Team Chess Championship individual bronze medalist (1985). Biography. From the early 1980s to the late 1990s, Constantin Ionescu was one of the leading Romanian chess players. He won eight individual Romanian Chess Championships medals: gold (1999, together with Mihail Marin), four silver (1982, 1984, 1989, 1990) and three bronze (1979, 1992, 2000). Constantin Ionescu achieved many individual chess tournament successes, winning or shared the first places, among others in Manresa (1993), Bucharest (1993), Balatonber\u00e9ny (1996), Bucharest (2002). Constantin Ionescu played for Romania in the Chess Olympiads: Constantin Ionescu played for Romania in the World Team Chess Championship: Constantin Ionescu played for Romania in the European Team Chess Championship: Constantin Ionescu played for Romania in the Men's Chess Balkaniads: In 1983, he was awarded the FIDE International Master (IM) title and in 1988 he received the FIDE Grandmaster (GM) title. Ionescu died on 31 July 2024, at the age of 65."}, {"text": "Q-pop or Qazaq pop is a music genre originating in Kazakhstan. It is a modern form of Kazakhstani pop music sung in Kazakh, incorporating elements of Western pop music, Kazakhstani hip hop, EDM, R&B and Toi-pop, with heavy influences from K-pop of South Korea. The genre first surfaced in 2015 when the first Q-pop group, Ninety One debuted. Since then the genre has experienced growing popularity among Kazakhstani youths, with more Q-pop artists forming and debuting. Background. Kazakhstan experienced the Korean Wave when South Korean dramas and movies started entering the country in the mid 2000s. This phenomenon, assisted by the increasing accessibility of the internet, sparked more interest in South Korean pop culture among Kazakhstanis, which helped the popularization of the K-pop music genre in Kazakhstan. K-pop is regarded as an attractive, less-restrictive and unique genre. The high popularity of K-pop in Kazakhstan spurred the creation of the first Q-pop project in 2014, when JUZ Entertainment formed Ninety One. After the group debuted in 2015, it became instantly popular among youth, due to its high quality music and the use of Kazakh in its songs. Current status. Q-pop is enjoying support from both the government and the people as"}, {"text": "a means to promote and popularize the use of Kazakh language and Latin script among youth. However, it has also faced criticism and rejection from the traditionalist element of society, especially toward its performers' on-stage appearance. Since 2018, there has been an annual q-pop music festival called the Q-Fest, usually held during Autumn in Almaty. List of Q-pop performers. Crossover artists. These artists also sing in genres besides Q-pop such as Toi, Hip-Hop & R&B"}, {"text": "This is a list of MRT and LRT lines in Singapore, with details on costs, construction timelines and route length."}, {"text": "The Tamar Hematite Iron Company (THIC) was an iron mining and smelting company that operated from April 1874 to December 1877, in the area close to the location of the modern-day township of Beaconsfield, Tasmania, Australia. The company's operations consisted of an iron ore mine near Brandy Creek, a blast furnace, jetty and township, on the Middle Arm of the estuary of the Tamar River, a tramway connecting the two sites, and charcoal and brick kilns. The THIC was the first company to produce iron in commercial quantities from Tasmanian ore and bring their product to market, although others had made small quantities earlier. It was the third company in Australia\u2014at the time considered to be six separate self-governing British colonies\u2014to make commercial quantities of pig-iron that was smelted from Australian iron ore. Pig-iron of good quality was made in its blast furnace from January 1875, until July 1875 when operations were suspended. Complicated by a decline in the price of pig iron, the venture was uneconomic at the scale of its operations. Plans to raise capital and increase the scale of production lapsed, after the manager of the company\u2014Algernon Horatio Swifte\u2014died in early-1876. A quartz-reef rich in gold was"}, {"text": "discovered on land adjacent to the company's lease in mid-1877 and gold mining interests became interested in accessing the company's lease. In December 1877, the leases and other dormant assets of the THIC were sold cheaply to a group of wealthy and influential investors, under controversial circumstances. It soon became clear that the new owners\u2014collectively known at 'the Hematite Company'\u2014were interested in gold, not iron. In 1878, part of the THIC's original lease was combined with the operations of the adjacent 'Tasmania' gold mine, bringing huge profits to the new owners. Historical context. Soon after the first settlement in Northern Tasmania, at York Town in 1804, colonial settlers found that there were extensive deposits of iron ore in the hills to the west of the Tamar estuary. Interest in the area was aroused again by the report in 1866 of the Government Geologist, Charles Gould. There was an increase in pig-iron prices in the early 1870s, which led to the formation of a number of colonial-era iron-making ventures in Australia. The price of imported pig-iron increased, from \u00a34 10s per ton in 1870 to \u00a39 per ton in 1873 greatly advantaging locally manufactured iron. However, this high price did not"}, {"text": "last long, as iron-making capacity increased and pig-iron was once again imported cheaply as ballast in sailing ships returning from England to Australia. The Tamar Hematite Iron Company was one of four ventures that smelted iron from local iron ore, in Tasmania during the 1870s; the others were, the British and Tasmanian Charcoal Iron Company, the Ilfracombe Iron Company\u2014both nearby on the Tamar estuary\u2014and the Derwent Iron Company. A fifth venture, the Swedish Charcoal Iron Company never went beyond issuing a prospectus. There were also three commercial iron-smelting operations in mainland Australia during the 1870s, the Fitzroy Iron Works, the Lal Lal Iron Company, and the Lithgow Valley Iron Works. In July 1877, the cap of a payable gold reef\u2014later known as the Tasmania Reef\u2014was discovered on the eastern slope of Cabbage Tree Hill by brothers William and David Dally, although alluvial gold was known to exist in the area for some years before then. Iron ore deposit. The ore deposit was the sixth and last of the deposits in the West Tamar area that were mentioned by Charles Gould in his report of 1866. The area that the THIC would later mine lay on approximately 14-acres land to the"}, {"text": "east of Brandy Creek. Gould also noted that iron ore outcropped at various points in a line that \"\"may be traced south-easterly continuously to Brandy Creek and thence in intervals along the flanks of Cabbage Tree Tier to the eastern side of Middle Arm Creek, some iron cropping out wherever the thickness of marine drift has been sufficiently stripped away to permit of its re-appearance\".\" The iron ore from the Brandy Creek mine was brown hematite or limonite\u2014with recorded iron contents of 51.1% iron and 46.8%\u2014and was relatively rich compared to contemporary iron ore deposits in England. The THIC won a bronze medal for the iron ore that it exhibited at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, and first prize in its class for iron ore at the Victorian Intercolonial Exhibition of 1875. History of operations. Algernon Swifte and the foundation of the THIC. The company was formed around April 1873. The main proponent of the new company was a Tasmanian man, Algernon Horatio Swifte, who became its manager. He enlisted a group of Melbourne-based investors, including Hastings Cuningham and John Benn, both of whom were wealthy and influential men. In June 1874, a new mineral lease over the THIC land"}, {"text": "was taken out in the personal names of Cuningham and Benn, presumably because they had contributed much of the capital for the new company. Only some 14-acres of the leased land\u2014east of Brandy Creek\u2014contained the future iron ore mine, and much of the other leased land was probably intended to be a source of timber\u2014especially for charcoal burning\u2014although some of the land near Cabbage Tree Hill did contain more iron ore. However, all the leased land was leased under the Mineral Leases Act, 1870, something that would later be of great significance. The THIC controlled 620-acres of leasehold land, and another 83-acres of freehold land\u2014in the area around what would become Swifte's Jetty\u2014just south from where Brandy Creek flowed into the Middle Arm of the Tamar estuary. Construction. The new company started work quickly. In November 1873, it was advertising for 100,000 bricks to be provided within four months of the order and 20,000 feet of 4-inch by 4-inch hardwood timber in 12-foot or 15-foot lengths, which were the rails for its tramway. In early February 1874, Swifte returned from Melbourne with 6000 fire bricks, fire clay and other material for the blast furnace lining. By March 1874, it was"}, {"text": "reported that \u201c\"The Tamar Hematite Iron Company are progressing with their tramway and a small furnace, and hope to be successful in their experimental operations.\"\u201d The blast furnace was constructed on land, at a location now known as Scotchman\u2019s Point on the Middle Arm of the estuary of the Tamar River, close to the modern-day town of Beaconsfield. It was constructed, on a rock shelf near the water's edge, against a rockface, so that the tramway could run on the level from the top of the rockface to the charging platform of the furnace. It has been described as a small experimental furnace. Iron smelting operations. A small test furnace\u2014made from sandstone quarried at the site\u2014was erected next to the blast furnace to test the ore. It made the first iron smelted from THIC iron ore on 5 December 1874. Using the little furnace \"\"a quantity of pig iron was made, one piece weighing, about \u00bdcwt.\" [25kg], \"the slag ran well, separating. from the iron which ran freely\"\" This iron was worked by a blacksmith, Peter Massey, who pronounced it to be \"excellent material to work, standing the filing well, and polishing more like steel than iron.\" The THIC's blast"}, {"text": "furnace was charged on New Year's Day 1875, and its first iron was tapped on 2 January 1875. This was the first production of pig-iron made from Tasmanian ore in a commercial quantity\u2014although others had made small quantities of iron earlier\u2014and only the second commercial production of pig-iron from local ore in the six colonies that would later become Australia. The furnace worked well, being tapped every eight hours and casting pigs of 80 lbs, each that carried the brand, \"T.H.I. Co.- Charcoal.\" The company had employed George Rowley as its furnacekeeper; Rowley also would be associated with some other colonial-era iron-making ventures. In late Jan 1875, the THIC was seeking tenders for shipping to Melbourne and seeking to employ charcoal burners. Suspension of operations and future plans. By the time that the THIC's smelting operations had begun, the price of iron in Australia had fallen from the peak of 1873. Despite the quality of its pig-iron, the company struggled to sell it in Melbourne, at prices that returned an adequate profit. The company's relatively small furnace did not make quantities large enough to sustain a viable operation at the lower prices. Some iron was sent to Britain and 200"}, {"text": "tons of it sold in Glasgow for \u00a36 7s 6d per ton, the landed cost in Britain being estimated as between \u00a34 and \u00a34 10s. In the long term, such an export market was not really viable, given the long distances involved. Operations were suspended in July 1875, after about 600 tons of pig-iron had been made. In August 1875, the THIC was asking that all accounts owing be submitted for payment. It seemed to be bringing the early operation to a financial as well as operational closure. At the beginning of September 1875, there was still some 200 tons of pig-iron at the works, which was gradually being shipped to market. The THIC's pig-iron was being used at a local foundry in Launceston, in May 1876. As early as January 1875, the THIC was tendering for up to 150,000 more bricks. It is likely that the bricks were intended for a larger furnace, which was never commenced. It seems that it had always planned to increase the smelting capacity of the works, and raise the additional capital to do so. As late as September 1875, the THIC's plan was reported to be \"the re-organisation of the Company on a"}, {"text": "larger basis\". End of the Tamar Hematite Iron Company. The death of its manager Algernon Swift, in February 1876, was a major blow for the company. The THIC was facing a protracted period of low iron prices, during which its operations were suspended, without its dedicated Tasmanian manager and local representative. In March 1877, the THIC's works at Swifte's Jetty were described as \"\"deserted, desolate, and dull, suggestive of the much-lauded energy and enterprise of the Victorians in contradistinction to and at the expense of the Tasmanians ! Why those works should be allowed to go to \"wreck and ruin\" after so large an expenditure of capital, and with an inexhaustible supply of ore, remains a mystery to all but the initiated\".\" Such unsympathetic views of the Victorian investors' plight turned more hostile, once payable quartz-reef gold was found in the area. Pressure to cancel the THIC's lease, supposedly to open it up for small-scale gold mining, was building. Some of those working to cancel the THIC's lease were Tasmanian politicians. The THIC's view was that its holding the mineral lease for iron was not a barrier to gold mining, as it had consented to gold mining on its leasehold"}, {"text": "previously. In the face of increasing opposition\u2014and even parochial hostility\u2014to the THIC's mineral leases being held by Victorians\u2014and with some perceived risk that those mineral leases might soon be cancelled, without compensation\u2014the THIC's Victorian shareholders finally gave up. In October 1877, the THIC resolved to dispose of its land and assets, with the stated hope that local Tasmanian capitalists might both resume the iron-making operation and work the gold. At the start of November 1877, the leases and assets were put up for sale. The effective end of the THIC came on 10 December 1877, when the leases and other assets were sold to new owners. Technology. Process and equipment. Blast furnace. No picture survives of the THIC blast furnace, but it was a small furnace that was similar in external appearance to the one at the Derwent Iron Company in Hobart. The furnace was erected by Messrs Shields, of Hobart. The blast furnace was constructed of freestone\u2014quarried on-site\u2014and bricks made from clay nearby, with a lining of imported English fire-bricks.\"The whole is substantially built, well bound together with strong hoops, arid the base firmly cramped, together.\" It had three tuyeres, one on each side and one at the back."}, {"text": "The furnace was 40 feet high, with a base of 20 feet square. It was built as a \"Swedish\" cold-blast type that used charcoal as fuel and reducing agent. Limestone was used as a flux. Improvements were made to convert it to hot blast and two flues were included below the hearth to maintain its temperature. These changes let the THIC's furnace operate reliably, without the hearth becoming 'chilled'. The furnace was designed to produce 20 to 25 tons of iron per week. It had the smallest capacity of the colonial-era blast furnaces that entered commercial production\u2014 a furnace of twelve times that capacity was used by the British and Tasmanian Charcoal Iron Company and even the revived Fitzroy Iron Works furnace had five times the production capacity\u2014something that constrained the economic viability of the THIC operations, once iron prices fell from their peak of 1873. It seems that it was the company's intention\u2014having commenced operation and proven viability\u2014to seek more capital for a larger smelting operation. Charcoal kilns. There were two large charcoal kilns, each capable of turning out 1200 to 1500 bushels of charcoal, over a period of three or four days and nights. These were located alongside"}, {"text": "the tramway. There was a large charcoal storage shed near the blast furnace. The kilns were 10-feet wide by 50-feet long, and were constructed of slabs stuck on end into the ground. At one end the walls were 4-foot high, and gradually rose to 8-feet or 9-feet at the other end. Air-vents or \"nostril holes\" are formed in the sides 4-feet apart, by the insertion of earthen drain pipes. The inside walls were formed of sods, and then the kiln was filled with locally-cut wood, the top was covered with sods, and then fired. Product quality. The pig-iron produced by the THIC's blast furnace was good quality and made good castings. THIC iron won first prize in its class at the Victorian Intercolonial Exhibition of 1875. An analysis of the THIC pig-iron in England provided the results in the table below. These results indicate a high quality pig-iron, which\u2014except for the sulphur content\u2014would meet modern standards. Transport. Tramway. The tramway from the mine to Swifte's Jetty\u2014the site of the jetty, township and blast furnace\u2014was 1\u00be miles long. It ran through gently sloping country and required only three culverts to be constructed. At the blast furnace end, the tramway ran level"}, {"text": "right to the charging platform at the furnace top. There are two short branch tramways, one leading to the brick kiln and the other to the jetty. The tramway was horse-drawn. The gauge was 3-feet and the wooden rails were 4-inch by 4-inch hardwood timber. Some of the wheels for the tramway trucks were cast from THIC pig-iron. Jetty and shipping. A timber jetty was erected on Middle Arm close to the site of the blast furnace. Materials and equipment was landed there during construction of other parts of the plant and the nearby township. The water in the part of Middle Arm near the site of Swifte's Jetty is shallow and the bottom is exposed at low tide. Lighters were used to carry the pig-iron to ships anchored in deeper water. Most of the iron was shipped to Melbourne, but some was shipped to England. After iron. Discovery of gold. After iron mining on the THIC lease had ceased in mid-1875, the focus of mining interest around Brandy Creek\u2014now known as Beaconsfield\u2014became quartz-reef gold. The first of the significant quartz-reef gold mining companies, The Brandy Creek Quartz Gold Mining Company was established in December 1876. This company displaced some"}, {"text": "existing alluvial miners from its lease, and those miners moved to prospect in nearby areas. Some gold miners who held valid Miner's Rights squatted on THIC lease\u2014with the expectation that the lease would be thrown open as a part of the surrounding goldfield\u2014and started to mine alluvial gold. Under the prevailing legislation, the THIC held the large lease only for the purpose of mining the iron ore and had no right to any gold found there, which was legally the property of the Crown. Some alluvial miners found payable amounts of gold on the THIC leasehold lands, and some pegged claims. The dormant THIC did not interfere in any way with these small-scale gold mining operations; the company later claimed to have provided its consent to work gold on its lease to those whom had asked for it. In July 1877, the cap of a payable gold reef\u2014later known as the Tasmania Reef\u2014was discovered on the eastern slope of Cabbage Tree Hill, by brothers William and David Dally. Their claim was on Crown land, immediately adjacent to part of the THIC lease. Sale and new owners. It appears that at some point, the assets of the THIC were transferred to"}, {"text": "two of its major shareholders, Melbourne-based investors Hastings Cuningham and John Benn, in whose name the leaseholds were held. It was these two who subsequently put the assets and lease up for sale. The assets and mineral lease of the THIC were originally advertised for a sale by auction on 22 November 1877, but the sale was deferred\u2014possibly twice\u2014until 10 December 1877. The successful bidder was Ayde Douglas\u2014a prominent Tasmanian politician\u2014with a bid of just \u00a31,700. He was just one of the new owners. The others were three wealthy Tasmanian politicians\u2014William Dawson Grubb, William Hart, Samuel Tulloch\u2014and a Launceston merchant, John Murphy. All these other new owners had recently had dealings\u2014relevant to the THIC\u2014that were associated with gold mining; perhaps that was why it was Ayde Douglas\u2014an investor in the rival Ilfracombe Iron Company and later the buyer of its dormant assets\u2014who bid for the THIC lands and assets. Hart, Tulloch and Murphy had, as recently as October 1877, been attempting to have the THIC mineral lease cancelled but had failed. Grubb and Hart had bought the Tasmania Reef claim from the Dally brothers, in October 1877, for \u00a35,000 and a tenth share of any company formed to mine the"}, {"text": "quartz reef. The THIC leasehold adjoined the Tasmania Reef claim but the full significance of that proximity was not apparent, at the time that Douglas acquired the THIC assets so cheaply. Although the sale of the lease and assets was the effective end of the Tamar Hematite Iron Company, the collective interest of new owners continued to be known as 'the Hematite Company' for some years later. Their new property comprised \"over 700 acres of freehold, leasehold, and other land, with buildings, machinery, and other property\". Mineral Lands Act of 1877 and dispute with gold miners. On 14 December 1877, Grubb and Hart visited the old THIC lease and gave the alluvial gold miners already working on the lease a notice to quit. This came about unexpectedly; the THIC mineral lease did not give the THIC right to mine gold and, previously, the THIC had consented to gold mining on its lease. It soon became known that the new owners' intransigent position was based on an interpretation of a newly-passed piece of legislation, the Mineral Lands Act of 1877. The Waste Lands Act 1863, first made provision for mineral leases for terms not exceeding twenty-one years, on any waste lands."}, {"text": "The THIC's lease for its leasehold land was made under a later act, The Mineral Leases Act, 1870, which only gave the THIC a right to mine the iron ore, and not gold. Gold mining was subject to a separate Act, The Gold Fields Regulation Act, 1870. However, one day after the sale of the THIC lease and assets, the Mineral Lands Act of 1877, had come into force. Clause 30 of the new act effectively gave the holder of an existing mineral lease a pre-emptive right to take out a gold lease, if gold had been discovered on any part of the same land. It seems it was an unintended consequence of a clause intended to prevent alluvial tin miners failing to recover gold that was present on their tin-mining leases and to prevent such gold going to waste. However, it is possible that the tin-mining case was only a rationalisation, to justify a loophole that had been created\u2014perhaps deliberately\u2014in the legislation. After buying the mineral lease, the new owners immediately paid the arrears rent for the lease (\u00a3310) and then\u2014as a lessee in good standing until 31 December 1877\u2014pegged a gold mining claim, under The Gold Fields Regulation"}, {"text": "Act. According to the Goldfield Regulation Act, a gold mining claim needed to be on public display for a period of 30-days, but the new owners had back-dated their claim, allowing no time for an objection to be raised. Overnight, the price paid for the leased land and other THIC assets by the new owners\u2014mainly wealthy Tasmanian politicians\u2014became a remarkable bargain. The buyers' cronyism, connivance, and conflict of interest\u2014as politicians who had recently debated and voted upon the new Act\u2014seemed obvious, but their actions had been completely legal. The new arrangements were controversial; there was disputation, during 1878 and 1879, between the new owners\u2014collectively known as 'the Hematite Company'\u2014and the small-scale gold miners, and protests from others concerned about the probity of the way the new owners had acquired the gold rights. Quartz reef mining on the 'Hematite Company' lease. By October 1878, it had become well known that the rich Tasmania Reef extended onto the old THIC leasehold land. A new company, The Tasmania Extended Gold Mining Company was set up to mine gold, on ten acres of land on Cabbage Tree Hill, due east of the Tasmanian Mine lease and to the south of two other gold leases."}, {"text": "The land included a part of the bounteous Tasmania Reef, which could be accessed by extending the workings of the Tasmania Mine over the boundary of the 'Hematite Company' lease. The 'Hematite Company' interests received a small number of shares in the new company, but received a lucrative 5% royalty on the gold mined. The Tasmania Mine had paid dividends of over \u00a3700,000 by 1900. It was one of the deepest and richest mines in Australia, by the time it closed in 1914. Although William Grubb died in 1879, his family\u2014benefiting from both his share of the Tasmania Mine and the 'Hematite Company' royalty\u2014became even more wealthy, as did the other partners in 'the Hematite Company'. Iron ore deposit. Although the underground quartz reef workings would not affect the surface quarrying of iron ore, the surface workings were also soon thrown open to gold mining. The 'Hematite Company' agreed, in March 1879, to allow alluvial miners to work parts of the old lease.; their decision to accept this compromise outcome foreshadowed an amendment made, in November 1880, to the legislation. The THIC lease's iron ore was not used again, apart from during 1890\u20131892, when 1,000 tons of ore were shipped"}, {"text": "to Melbourne for town gas purification. Other ex-THIC assets. Swifte's Jetty was replaced in 1879 and the replacement jetty was used to land gold mining equipment, Presumably, the tramway that conveniently ran east-west from the jetty to near the gold mines stayed in use for a while too. The blast furnace was still standing in 1883, when the government geologist, Gustav Thureau, collected samples of THIC iron from its hearth. Its blast engine and blowing cylinders were still there in November 1883; this is known because Alfred Ritchie was later charged with stealing two engine cylinders to sell as scrap iron. The cylinders had been broken up, before being sold to a foundry in Launceston. Legacy and remnants. The Mineral Lands Act of 1877 was amended in November 1880. The new act repealed Clause 30 of the 1877 Act, under which the buyers of the THIC assets had craftily acquired a fortune in gold, at the small cost of \u00a31,700 and \u00a3310 in arrears rent. The jetty and the township at Swifte's Jetty on the Middle Arm of the Tamar River estuary\u2014at the locality now known as Scotchman's Point\u2014are now long gone. Any remains of the blast furnace were buried"}, {"text": "under gold mine tailings that were reprocessed during the 1980s. The area where the old town and iron plant stood was still known as \"Swift's \"[sic]\" Jetty\" well into the 20th-Century, but is no longer known by that name. Algernon Swifte himself is largely forgotten. The site of the THIC iron ore mine, near Brandy Creek slightly north-west of the modern-day town of Beaconsfield, is now reserved as a source of gravel; iron ore still outcrops at the site. Although it still contains iron ore, the ore deposit is far too small and not rich enough to be commercially viable today. A part of the cast-iron fence of the Pilgrim Uniting Church\u2014built as a Wesleyan Church\u2014in Paterson St, Launceston is made from pig-iron made by the THIC. The fencing was among the castings made at the foundry of William Peters, in Wellington St, Launceston, in late April 1875."}, {"text": "is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Arina Tanemura. \"Idol Dreams\" is serialized in the bimonthly manga magazine \"Melody\" since 2013. Plot. Chikage Deguchi, a 31-year-old office worker, believes her life to be dull and full of missed opportunities. She is nostalgic for when she was 15 years old, which she believes to be at her prime. During her middle school reunion, Chikage becomes humiliated when her class discovers that she has never had a boyfriend, and when she plans on confessing to her former classmate, Haruki Kunitachi, she becomes crushed when she learns he has a girlfriend. When Kanshi Tokita, another former classmate, finds her, he offers her an experimental drug that can change her body to her 15-year-old self for 5\u20136 hours. After Chikage takes it, she is suddenly scouted to become an idol, and she decides to take the chance to make the most of what she missed out when she was younger. Going under the name Akari Deguchi as her 15-year-old self, Chikage begins to lead a double life. Chikage is a 31-year-old office worker who is unconfident with herself and embarrassed for never having a boyfriend. With an experimental drug, she can change into"}, {"text": "her 15-year-old self for 5-6 hours and names her alter-ego . As Akari, she becomes an idol. Tokita is Chikage's classmate from middle school and a pharmacist who introduced her to a drug that can change her into her 15-year-old self. He has been in love with Chikage ever since she helped him when he was bullied and struggles to balance his feelings for her and his fiance, Hinagiku. Hibiki is a 15-year-old idol and the face of the boy band Valentine, who Chikage feels bears a resemblance to Haru. He is a musical prodigy and his insistence at perfection puts him at odds with his bandmates, but Hibiki plans on eventually becoming a music producer after his idol activities end. He is the older brother of Kanade from \"Neko to Watashi no Kiny\u014dbi\". Nicknamed for his mushroom-like hairstyle, Ru is a member of Valentine who initially disagrees with Hibiki and threatens to quit the group, but Akari persuades him to stay. Akari later agrees to date him later in the story. Yuko is an upcoming idol whose music was produced by Hibiki, but she ran away before her debut showcase, leaving Akari to take her spot. Nicknamed , he"}, {"text": "was one of the class representatives along with Chikage in middle school, and Chikage has been in love with him since. Hinagiku is Chikage's co-worker and later revealed to be Tokita's fiance. Media. Manga. Originally titled \"Thirty-one I Dream\" in Japan, the series is written and illustrated by Arina Tanemura. It is serialized in the bimonthly magazine \"Melody\" since April 27, 2013. The chapters were later released in 7 bound volumes by Hakusensha under the Hana to Yume Comics Melody imprint. While writing the series, Tanemura announced that several characters from \"Neko to Watashi no Kiny\u014dbi\", which ran concurrently in \"Margaret\", would be making minor appearances. The limited edition of volume 3 was bundled with a character song CD for Tokita, featuring the song with lyrics written by Tanemura. Tokita was voiced by Ryohei Kimura, who had provided the voice for Eichi Sakurai in the anime adaptation of \"Full Moon o Sagashite\", one of Tanemura's previous works. In 2015, Viz Media licensed the series for North American distribution in English, under the title \"Idol Dreams\" and with the Shojo Beat imprint. Volume 4 was originally slated to be released on November 7, 2017, but was delayed due to a fire"}, {"text": "in the warehouse storing the books. The series went on an hiatus starting with the October 2020 issue of Melody, and has not resumed serialization since. The seventh volume was the last one to be released before that indefinite break. Reception. \"Anime News Network\" named \"Idol Dreams\" as the \"best reworking [manga] of an old genre\" in 2015, comparing it to age-shifting idols like \"Fancy Lala\" and \"Creamy Mami\". Rebecca Silverman from \"Anime News Network\" praised the first volume, comparing it to the similar themes from Tanemura's previous work \"Full Moon o Sagashite\", and stated it appealed to older fans who grew up with her work. Likewise, Silverman praised the second volume for exploring Tokita's character, and the inclusion of Tanemura's interview with \"LaLa Melody Online\" provided more detail on the series' concept. Volume 1 debuted at #19 on Oricon and sold 49,107 copies in its first week. Volume 3 debuted at #44 on Oricon and sold 19,704 copies in its first week. Volume 4 debuted at #42 on Oricon and sold 15,127 copies in its first week and 31,762 copies overall."}, {"text": "Mahbere Sillasie is a \"tabia\" or municipality in the Dogu'a Tembien district of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. The \"tabia\" centre is in Guderbo village, located approximately 2.5 km to the west-northwest of the \"woreda\" town Hagere Selam. Geography. The \"tabia\" stretches down from the ridge west of Hagere Selam, northbound towards Tsaliet river. The highest peak is just south of Guderbo (2730 m a.s.l.) and the lowest place deep in the Tsaliet gorge (1780 m a.s.l.). Geology. From the higher to the lower locations, the following geological formations are present: Climate. The rainfall pattern shows a very high seasonality with 70 to 80% of the annual rain falling in July and August. Mean temperature in Guderbo is 17.4 \u00b0C, oscillating between average daily minimum of 9.6 \u00b0C and maximum of 24.8 \u00b0C. The contrasts between day and night air temperatures are much larger than seasonal contrasts. Springs. As there are no permanent rivers, the presence of springs is of utmost importance for the local people. The main springs in the \"tabia\" are: Reservoirs. In this area with rains that last only for a couple of months per year, reservoirs of different sizes allow harvesting runoff from the rainy season"}, {"text": "for further use in the dry season. Overall they suffer from siltation. Yet, they strongly contribute to greening the landscape, either through irrigation or seepage water. Settlements. The \"tabia\" centre Guderbo holds a few administrative offices, a health post, a primary school, and some small shops. There are a few more primary schools across the \"tabia\". The main other populated places are: Vegetation and exclosures. The \"tabia\" holds several exclosures, areas that are set aside for regreening, such as Harehuwa exclosure. Wood harvesting and livestock range are not allowed there. Besides effects on biodiversity, water infiltration, protection from flooding, sediment deposition, carbon sequestration, people commonly have economic benefits from these exclosures through grass harvesting, beekeeping and other non-timber forest products. The local inhabitants also consider it as \u201cland set aside for future generations\u201d. Agriculture and livelihood. Crop farming. The population lives essentially from crop farming, supplemented with off-season work in nearby towns. The land is dominated by farmlands which are clearly demarcated and are cropped every year. Hence the agricultural system is a permanent upland farming system. The farmers have adapted their cropping systems to the spatio-temporal variability in rainfall. Schools. Almost all children of the \"tabia\" are schooled, though"}, {"text": "in some schools there is lack of classrooms, directly related to the large intake in primary schools over the last decades. Schools in the \"tabia\" include the Harehuwa school. History and culture. History. The history of the \"tabia\" is strongly confounded with the history of Tembien. In the 1980s, the TPLF, established its headquarters in a cave in Addi Geza'iti. From these underground rooms and offices cut out in sandstone cliffs, the TPLF carried out its political activities, including a major land reform; it was from here that the offensives were organised till the conquest of Addis Ababa in 1991. Religion and churches. Most inhabitants are Orthodox Christians. The following churches are located in the \"tabia\": \"Inda Siwa\", the local beer houses. In the main villages, there are traditional beer houses (\"Inda Siwa\"), often in unique settings, which are a good place for resting and chatting with the local people. Most renown in the \"tabia\" are Roads and communication. The main road Mekelle \u2013 Hagere Selam \u2013 Abiy Addi runs southeast of the \"tabia\". Further, rural access road link most villages to Guderbo and further to the main asphalt road. Tourism. Its mountainous nature and proximity to Mekelle makes the"}, {"text": "\"tabia\" fit for tourism. Geotourism sites. The high variability of geological formations and the rugged topography invites for geological and geographic tourism or \"geotourism\". Geosites in the \"tabia\" include: Birdwatching. Birdwatching (for the species, see the main Dogu'a Tembien page) can be done particularly in exclosures and forests. The following bird-watching sites have been inventoried in the \"tabia\" and mapped. Trekking routes. Trekking routes have been established in this \"tabia\". The tracks are not marked on the ground but can be followed using downloaded .GPX files. Accommodation and facilities. The facilities are very basic. One may be invited to spend the night in a rural homestead or ask permission to pitch a tent. Hotels are available in Hagere Selam and Mekelle."}, {"text": "The 2019 Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs season was the 85th in the club's history. Coached by Dean Pay, they finished the National Rugby League's 2019 Telstra Premiership in 12th place and did not qualify for the finals."}, {"text": "Giorgio Sanguinetti is an Italian musicologist, music historian and music theorist. He is best known as the author of \"The Art of Partimento: History, Theory, and Practice\", the first monograph dedicated to the history, theory, and practice of partimento instruction as practiced in the music conservatories of Naples from the end of the 17th century to the middle of the 19th century. Sanguinetti is full professor of theory and analysis of music at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. Education. Sanguinetti graduated in piano at the Milan Conservatory in 1976 and in music composition at the Conservatorio Statale di Musica \"Gioachino Rossini\" in 1993. Post-graduation, Sanguinetti studied piano with Vera Gobbi Belcredi, and music composition with Vieri Tosatti in Rome. In 1994, Sanguinetti studied Schenkerian analysis privately with Carl Schachter in New York."}, {"text": "Konnovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 17 as of 2010. Geography. Konnovo is located 24 km south of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nerozhino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kopnino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 134 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Kopnino is located 27 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Fedotovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bangladesh Judicial Service Association (BJSA) () is a professional association of judges and Magistrates of Bangladesh. History. The 'East Pakistan Civil Service (Judicial) Association' began on 13 October 1947 with a constitution adopted. Later, after the independence of Bangladesh, the Judicial Cadre was incorporated in the Bangladesh Civil Service. The name of the organization was changed to 'Bangladesh Civil Service (Judicial) Association'. At the Annual General Meeting of the members of the organization held on 28 December 1990, the new constitution was formulated and adopted by repealing the previous one. In the Secretary, Ministry of Finance v Masdar Hossain case, the Appellate Division of Supreme Court of Bangladesh directed to formulate 'Bangladesh Judicial Service' as per mandate of Constitution of Bangladesh. The name of the organization was changed to the Bangladesh Judicial Service Association at the annual general meeting held in 2002. Aims and Objectives. As a non-political and welfare organization, the functioning of this Association is governed by the following aims and objectives:"}, {"text": "Kopytovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 7 as of 2010. Geography. Kopytovo is located 19 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yurovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kornevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 24 as of 2010. Geography. Kornevo is located 38 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kornilkovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "is a Japanese field hockey player who plays as a defender for the Japanese national team. Career. Club level. In 2019, Zendana was signed to play for the Adelaide Fire men's team in Hockey Australia's new national league, the Sultana Bran Hockey One. Senior national team. Zendana made his debut for the Japanese national team in 2014, during a test series against New Zealand in Wellington. In 2018, Zendana won his first medal with the national team at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta. The team won gold after defeating Malaysia 3\u20131 in a shoot-out, to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo."}, {"text": "Korobovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. Geography. Korobovo is located 31 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Golovino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Koroyedovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2010. Geography. Koroyedovo is located on the Vorsha River, 15 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vishnyakovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Korchagino () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. Korchagino is located 15 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vyshmanovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kostino () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. Kostino is located 15 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vyshmanovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kosmino () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. Geography. Kosmino is located 29 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Turovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kochukovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Kochukovo is located on the Vorsha River, 13 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rybkhoz Vorsha is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Krutoy Ovrag () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Krutoy Ovrag is located 30 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Azikovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Krutoyak () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 77 as of 2010. Geography. Krutoyak is located on the Klyazma River, 8 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Perebor is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kudelino () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The locality's population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. Kudelino is located on the Vorsha River, 33 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Demikhovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kuznetsovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Kuznetsovo is located 21 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bakino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kuznetsy () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2010. Geography. Kuznetsy is located 32 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Korobovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kuzmino () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 83 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Kuzmino is located on the Vorsha River, 12 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yelkhovitsa is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Jamie O'Loughlin is an Australian professional basketball coach. Coaching career. A native of Geelong, Victoria, O'Loughlin's coaching career started in 1999, when he was the Club Director of Coaching for Geelong's Christian College. He also coached under age teams at Basketball Geelong. In 2006, O'Loughlin joined the Geelong Supercats of the South East Australian Basketball League (SEABL) as an assistant coach. He became head coach of the Supercats for the 2010 season, where he won the SEABL championships. Between 2009 and 2011, O'Loughlin ran team camps for the Australia national under-17 basketball team, and in 2011 he coached the under-16 team at the 2011 FIBA Oceania Under-16 Championship. After leading the team to the Gold Medal, he rejoined the under-17 team and traveled to the 2012 FIBA Under-17 World Championship with them, where they reached the Silver Medal. O'Loughlin continued coaching both the under-16 and under-17 teams until 2014, during which he won another Gold Medal (with the under-16 team) and another Silver Medal (with the under-17 team). O'Loughlin moved to Perth in 2014 and joined the Perth Wildcats of the NBL as an assistant coach. The Wildcats won championship in 2015\u201316 and 2016\u201317. O'Loughlin moved to Cairns in 2017"}, {"text": "and joined rival NBL club the Cairns Taipans as the second assistant coach under coach Aaron Fearne. After his first season with the Taipans, O'Loughlin joined the club's QBL feeder team, the Cairns Marlins as the head coach in 2018, and guided the club to the grand final against the Townsville Heat. The Marlins lost both games of the series. In July 2018, O'Loughlin was promoted to first assistant of the Taipans under new coach Mike Kelly. O'Loughlin was named as an assistant coach in the UniSport Australia Emerging Boomers squad in 2019, and traveled to Napoli, Italy to compete in the 2019 Summer Universiade. He joined head coach Rob Beveridge and helped the team finish the games with a bronze medal. In May 2022, O'Loughlin took over as head coach of the Mandurah Magic men's team for the rest of the 2022 NBL1 West season. In April 2025, O'Loughlin was appointed as the WAIS wheelchair basketball head coach."}, {"text": "Kurilovo () is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 718 as of 2010. There are 9 streets. Geography. Kurilovo is located 14 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karacharovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Lapino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. Lapino is located 17 km west of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Petrushino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Banhxeochelys is an extinct genus of Geoemydid turtles that lived during the middle to late Eocene of Vietnam. The type and only species is Banhxeochelys trani. The genus name origin is from the pancake-like Vietnamese dish \"b\u00e1nh x\u00e8o\" and the Latin \"chelys\", meaning turtle in Greek. The specific name honors \u0110\u1eb7ng Ng\u1ecdc Tr\u1ea7n, the retired director of the International Cooperation Division of the Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam. The fossils of \"Banhxeochelys\" were found in Na Duong coal mine of L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n Province. The type locality of \"Banhxeochelys\" yielded more than 100 turtles, but only the 30 best-preserved specimens (14 adults, 8 subadults and 8 juveniles) were described and identified as \"Banhxeochelys\" because the rest are too fragmentary or poorly preserved for useful morphological data."}, {"text": "Levino () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 17 as of 2010. Geography. Levino is located 14 km south of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shepeli is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Litovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Litovka is located 12 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nikulino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Luchinskoye () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 143 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Luchinskoye is located 26 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bezvodnoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Maximikha () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010. Geography. Maximikha is located 28 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kosmino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Malakhovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010. Geography. Malakhovo is located 34 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zhabino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Malye Ostrova () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. Geography. Malye Ostrova is located 33 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bolshiye Ostrova is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kyaukse elephant dance festival () is an annual major traditional dance festival in Myanmar. It is held is on the day before full moon day of the Burmese lunar month of Thadingyut and the full moon day in Kyaukse, near Mandalay. The festival has been celebrated every year since Pagan period and also grown in popularity among the growing number of foreign tourists visiting Myanmar. The colourful competition sees teams and individuals wearing elephant costumes perform various traditional dances. History. King Anawratha of Pagan obtained several Buddhist relics on a trip to China. Upon his return to Pagan, he decided to build a pagoda to house the precious relics. He strapped the replica of the Buddha's teeth to the back of his white elephant Sinma Yintha and told the elephant to choose a suitable spot for the new pagoda. When the elephant stopped in the two hills, named Thalyaung and Pyetkhaywe, the monarch ordered the construction of pagodas on each summit and enshrined the relic at Shwethalyaung Pagoda. To honor the royal elephants a festival is held every year at the foot of Shwethalyaung Hill. Held. Since the days of King Anawratha, Kyaukse town upon Shwethalyaung Hill has celebrated the"}, {"text": "elephant dance festival. Traditionally locals don a colourfully decorated, life-size elephant costume, welcoming the end of Thadingyut with a unique array of dance and acrobats. The festival is held every year on the day before full moon day of Thadingut with a total of 29 elephants gracing the stage \u2013 17 traditional, six sequined, and six baby elephants, according to the committee. A huge elephant figure is made from bamboo and paper. The competition teams from various wards of Kyaukse. Men take their places inside the figure and dance around the town to the accompanied by drums, oboe, cymbals, brass gongs and bamboo clappers. The elephant dancers circles three times at the foot of the hill to pay homage to the Shwethalyaung Pagoda and then compete in front of a panel of judges. It is a dance that requires precise rhythm and timing in order for the elephant dancers to maintain unity inside the elephant figure. People from far and near come to visit Kyaukse and watch the elephant dance. Awards are given out to each distinct elephant group, for those that show the most convincing and traditional portrayal of the elephant dance. Winners get to take home a sum"}, {"text": "of cash prizes for their deft performances and hours of training. First-place winners of the traditional elephant contest receive K1 million; second place, K800,000; and third K600,000. Prizes are given out for the sequined and baby elephant competition as well, with financial support from the committee. On the full moon day, thousands of pilgrims carry small paper elephants 900 feet (275 metres) uphill to the pagoda on top of the Tha Lyaung hill. At the top, they walk around the pagoda three times clockwise and present their donations."}, {"text": "Meshchyora () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Meshchyora is located 20 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bulanovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Mitrofanikha () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 46 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Mitrofanikha is located on the Silunikha River, 22 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zarechnoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Mikhlino () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. Mikhlino is located 32 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Volosovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Monakovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Monakovo is located 20 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stavrovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Mosyagino () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. Geography. Mosyagino is located 15 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bokovino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Nazarovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 10 as of 2010. Geography. Nazarovo is located 30 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Batyushkovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Nerozhino () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Nerozhino is located 26 km south of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Konnovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Something Nice from London is a 2013 Zimbabwean British drama film written by Petina Gappah and directed by Nick Marcq. The film stars Munya Chidzonga, Tonderai Munyebvu and Lovewell Chisango in the lead roles while Memory Busoso, Rambidzai Karize and Lauren Marshall play supportive roles. The film is titled ironically as its climax is linked with the untimely death of Peter who dies in London under mysterious circumstances. The film is a joint collaboration of Britain based Latimer Films and British Council. The movie is inspired and adapted from Petina Gappah's short story with the same title which was a part of the award-winning anthology \"An Elergy For Easterly\". The film had its theatrical release on 1 April 2015 coinciding the April Fools' Day but it was screened in few film festivals in late 2013. Plot. Tensions rise in Harare as the Chikwiro family await the arrival of their dead son Peter from London. Conflict arises on burying of Peter's body which turns out to be a chaos. Peter's mother insists to bury on a local cemetery but Matyaya and Jonathan are persuading other ideas to consider Shurugwi, the place where Peter's father was buried. Mary's cousin Lisa who is"}, {"text": "in England then informs the relatives of Peter in Harare that it could take another week to send the body. Filming. The film was mostly shot and set in Zimbabwe and few portions of the film were set in London."}, {"text": "Nabagram Kankurhati is a railway station in Ahmadpur\u2013Katwa line under Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Nabagram Kakurhati of Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal. History. Ahmedpur\u2013Katwa narrow-gauge railway line connecting Ahmedpur and Katwa was established on 29 September 1917 by McLeod's Light Railways. Indian Railways had taken over the operation of this narrow-gauge railway from McLeod and Company in 1966. After the closure of this track in 2013, the railway section was converted into broad gauge in 1917. The conversion work started in 2013 and was completed in early 2017. The track including Nabagram Kankurhati railway station was opened to the public on 24 May 2018."}, {"text": "Anna Demetriou (born 13 July 1993) is an English actress, singer, songwriter, and livestreamer. Early life. Anna Demetriou was born on 13 July 1993. She is half Greek-Cypriot. She was raised in Cheshire, where she lived in Backford and attended Upton-by-Chester High School. She later trained in acting at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art (LAMDA). Career. Demetriou began acting onstage in Chester with the Forum Studio Theatre, the Grosvenor Park Young Theatre Company, and the B-It Theatre Company, occasionally directing at the latter. After graduating from LAMDA, she made her film debut as the Princess Helle of Volsung in \"Viking Destiny\" (2018). She then played Katrina Rodriguez in ' (2018). She later began voice acting and has since voiced characters in video games such as \"Horizon Forbidden West\" (2022), ' (2022), \"Final Fantasy XVI\" (2023), \"Baldur's Gate 3\" (2023), and \"\" (2024). She also livestreams on Twitch."}, {"text": "The Imaginary is a 2014 British children's novel written by A. F. Harrold and illustrated by Emily Gravett. It is about a small girl, Amanda, and her imaginary friend, Rudger. An anime film adaptation by Studio Ponoc was released in 2023. Reception. A review in the \"Booklist\" of \"The Imaginary\" wrote \"Though not quite as innovative as it might be, this is nevertheless a winningly whimsical celebration of the imagination, beautifully enhanced by both black-and-white and full-color illustrations by Kate Greenaway Medal-winning Gravett.\" and, in a starred review, \"Kirkus Reviews\" found it \"Wonderfully entertaining.\" \"The Imaginary\" has also been reviewed by \"The New York Times\", the \"School Library Journal\", The Horn Book Magazine, \"Publishers Weekly\", \"Library Media Connection\", Common Sense Media, \"Reading Time\", \"The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books\", the \"Financial Times\", and \"The Guardian\" (child review). It was nominated for the 2016 Carnegie Medal, the 2016 Kate Greenaway Medal, and won the 2015 British Book Design and Production Awards Children's Trade Book Award, and the 2015 British Book Design and Production Awards Book of the Year Award. Library holdings of \"The Imaginary\""}, {"text": "Muskox Fjord () is a fjord in King Christian X Land, East Greenland. Administratively it lies in the Northeast Greenland National Park area. This fjord is part of the Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord system. History. Muskox Fjord was mapped in 1899 during the Swedish Greenland Expedition in search of survivors of S. A. Andr\u00e9e's Arctic balloon expedition of 1897 led by Swedish Arctic explorer Alfred Gabriel Nathorst (1850\u20131921). It was named \"Moskusoksefjorden\" after the muskox of which Nathorst saw a quite large herd near the shores of the fjord, one of the areas in East Greenland providing a habitat for this resilient Arctic mammal. There are Norwegian hunting huts by the shores of the fjord. Geography. Muskox Fjord is a branch of the Nordfjord, a tributary of Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord. Its entrance is located in the eastern shore of the head of Nordfjord, southeast of the terminus of the Waltershausen Glacier, between Cape Kolthoff in the south and Cape Bull in the north. The fjord is about wide near the mouth, narrowing to an average of less than in most of the length of its inner part. It stretches roughly towards the southeast for almost , curving northeastwards for"}, {"text": "the last until the head. Muskox Fjord separates Hudson Land in the north from the Gauss Peninsula in the south. There are up to high mountains on both sides of the mouth area of the fjord, where there are some places with good anchorages. There is no glacier flowing into the head, which is located in the isthmus area of Hold with Hope, only west of the head of Loch Fyne."}, {"text": "Don't Shoot the Composer is a 1966 British documentary on the French cinema composer Georges Delerue. It was made by Ken Russell who used Delerue's music in \"French Dressing\" and would use it in \"Women in Love\"."}, {"text": "Khalida Alakbar gizi Safarova (, 25 August 1926 \u2014 23 December 2005) was an Azerbaijani painter, People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR. Biography. Khalida Safarova was born on August 25, 1926, in Ganja. In 1941\u20131944 she studied at Azerbaijan State School of Art named after Azim Azimzade, and in 1949\u20131955 at the art faculty of All-Union State Institute of Cinematography in Moscow. Khalida Safarova married artist Mahmud Taghiyev in 1946, and was the mother of Akram Tagiyev. The painter died on December 23, 2005, in Baku. Career. Khalida Safarova's first diploma work was \"Letter from the Front\". Her second diploma work \u2013 illustrations to Nizami Ganjavi's poem \"Khosrow and Shirin\" were exhibited at the exhibition of the USSR Academy of Arts, the anniversary of All-Union State Institute of Cinematography, as well as the film festival in Prague and Paris in 1956. The main place in Khalida Safarova's work is taken by the genres of landscape and still life. Her still life series of flowers include \"Autumn Rose\" (1956), \"Zinya Flower\" (1971), \"Spring Flowers\" (1971), \"Montmartre Flowers\" (1985), her first works \"Gulabdan\", \"Rose\", \"Wildflowers\". , \"On the balcony\", \"Chrysanthemums\", \"Lilacs\", \"Lilies\", \"Daffodils\", \"Pomegranate flower\". After her visits to the regions of"}, {"text": "Azerbaijan, the artist gave he first joint report exhibition with Mahmud Taghiyev in Baku in 1947. K. Safarova participated in the exhibition with about 70 paintings and graphics, more than 150 etudes, landscapes and still lifes. The submitted works include \"Three oaks\", \"Before the rain\", \"Still life in the garden\", \"Still life in the vineyard\". The artist's work also includes portraits. These include \"Goalkeeper\", \"Portrait of Leyla Vakilova\", \"Portrait of Maral Rahmanzadeh\", \"Portrait of Mahmud Taghiyev\" and others. She also worked on sports theme in the 1960s. Within the framework of this theme, she drew multi-figure compositions depicting football games, cycling, rowing. Her works \"Gymnasts\", \"Relay\", \"Cyclist\" (1969), \"Footballers\", \"Chovken\" are examples of this direction. Khalida Safarova created many still lifes and landscapes in the regions and villages of Azerbaijan. The artist's works \"Rose Bouquet\", \"Roses and Cypress Tree\", \"After the Rain\", \"Plane Trees\", \"Apple-picking Girl\" depicting the life of a village, have special importance. Her works reflect the nature of Absheron, Karabakh, Agdam and other regions of Azerbaijan. Landscapes from this series include \"Foggy Morning\", \"Spring in Meadow\", \"Autumn Sun\", \"When Cotton Blooms\" and others. Her painting \"Fly, pigeons\" has a special place among the themes of everyday life."}, {"text": "The artist created the triptych \"My Land\" in the 1970s. The central part of the work is called \"Stuffiness\", and the outer parts are called \"Morning\" and \"Evening\". In 1985, Khalida Safarova traveled to France and described the landscapes and plains of the Seine. Reflecting the autumn in Provence, the artist created works such as \"Autumn in Provence\", \"Arl Cafe\", \"Port of Marseille\", \"Marting Coast\" and many others. She worked on the paintings \"Paris Notre Dame\", \"Purple Night\", \"Site\" in different variants. Some of her works during her visit to France were exhibited at the exhibition of the French Embassy in Azerbaijan. Khalida Safarova's solo exhibitions were held in Baku in 1947 (with M. Taghiyev at National Art Museum of Azerbaijan), 1980 (dedicated to the 35th anniversary of her work), 1984 and 2002 (At the French embassy), and in Moscow in 1988 (with M. Taghiyev). In addition, she participated in the V and VI Republican Exhibitions of Women Artists in Baku in 1945 and 1946. In different years of her career, the artist's works have been exhibited in Russia, Turkey, Romania, Hungary, Poland, Algeria, Israel] and other countries. Her works are kept in the United States, Germany, Russia, Turkey, the"}, {"text": "Czech Republic, in a number of museums and private collections."}, {"text": "\"Trigger\" is a song by American band Major Lazer and American singer-songwriter Khalid. It was released on October 24, 2019, through Third Pardee and RCA Records as the fourth single of the soundtrack \"\" and the third single from Major Lazer's fourth studio album \"Music Is the Weapon\". The song is the latest single of the soundtrack. The song was firstly announced on October 1, 2019, at the same time as the announcement of the track listing of the game soundtrack. Critical reception. Ryan Reed of \"Rolling Stone\" noted that the two artists used \"a gunshot as a breakup metaphor on their reflective song\". He described it as \"a brief track\", with two verses, two choruses, which \"builds to a wordless hook of trendy, pitch-shifted vocals and a stuttering dance beat\". Kat Bein of \"Billboard\" deemed the song \"a ballad beat with muted dancehall influence\". Phil Scilippa of \"EDM.com\" wrote that \"Trigger\" looks like \"a low key love song, with the classic [Major Lazer's] dancehall-inspired themes, sprinkled in throughout a more R&B-centric production. According to him, the track is \"a lot more chilled-out than the amped-up vibe of a game like Death Stranding\", justified by when \"Khalid lays down the"}, {"text": "vocals just as well as ever, tying together the warm atmosphere of the track\". Chris Stack of \"Dancing Astronaut\" noted the presence of \"lush synths for Khalid\u2019s crooning vocals to rest upon and flourish\", accompanied by \"soft chords [which] caress the verse and lead into another keynote from Major Lazer\". According to him, the combination of wind instruments and vocal melody hook the listener after Khalid succeeds in seducing them with his emotive incandescence\". Concerning the lyrics, he affirmed that they \"arrive as reflective poetry\" and \"run deep, alluding to a gunshot as a metaphor for a breakup\". Matthew Meadow of \"Your EDM\" wrote that the track \"features a soft, soothing melody that sets itself apart from the usual raucous tone of Major Lazer\u2019s typical fare\". Writing for \"Complex\", Joe Price called the track \"an arena-ready production with Khalid's forlorn vocals\", \"both hopeful and decidely [sic] melancholy\" like the previous songs of the soundtrack, and which \"offers an indication of the solemn mood Death Stranding strives for\". Concerning the composition, he wrote that the song \"pushes its futuristic synthpop into a club setting by the time the chorus hits\". Mitch Findlay of \"HowNewHipHop\" said, \"As the up-tempo drums kick in,"}, {"text": "and questions as to what this has to do with Death Stranding become more and more prevalent, Khalid dulls the cognitive dissonance with his dulcet tones\". Clara C. of French radio \"NRJ\" described the rhythm of the song as \"relatively slow\". She noted that the song seaks about loneliness and abandonment by the singer, according to his vocals. Spanish radio \"\" felt the song endowed with \"rather slow beats, a soft sound that is the perfect accompaniment to its lyrical content\". They noted the lyrics \"worthy of a ballad\" which are \"about the separation of a great love\". Credits and personnel. Credits adapted from Tidal."}, {"text": "Sonapur is an urban area in Bhandup, Mumbai, Maharashtra state of India."}, {"text": "Gaulin Dinosaur Tracksite contains assemblages of animal trace fossils including dinosaur footprints, believed to have been made during the Early Jurassic Period around 200 million years b.p., on what was then periodically a playa lake shoreline. The first tracks were discovered March 25, 1996 on private land in Holyoke, Massachusetts by landowner Gary Gaulin. The site is part of ongoing academic research, but is located in a residential area and not open to the general public as a tourist attraction. The scientifically valuable specimens are on public display or stored for further study in the \"vault\" below the main viewing area at the nearby Springfield Science Museum for researchers to request a visit into. Geology. Gaulin Dinosaur Tracksite is in redstone/brownstone layers of the East Berlin Formation, running under the younger trace fossil bearing graystone Portland Formation."}, {"text": "Founded in 1884, Lincoln City F.C. won the Midland League in 1889\u201390, their first full season playing league football. They moved on from the Football Alliance to become founder members of the Football League Second Division in 1892, remaining there until they failed re-election in 1908. They won immediate re-election after winning the next year's Midland League, and would repeat this feat after failing re-election again in 1911 and 1920. Founder members of the Football League Third Division North in 1921, they won promotion as champions in 1931\u201332, but were relegated two seasons later. Crowned Third Division North champions again in 1947\u201348, they were relegated the next year, but would remain in the second tier for nine seasons after again winning the Third Division North title in 1951\u201352. Two successive relegations left them in the Fourth Division by 1962, where they would remain until Graham Taylor's title winning campaign of 1975\u201376. Relegated in 1978\u201379, they secured promotion again two years later but suffered a double relegation to find themselves in the Conference by 1987. Lincoln made an immediate recovery however, regaining their Football League status with the Conference title in 1987\u201388. They were promoted again in 1997\u201398, but were relegated"}, {"text": "the next season. They reached the play-offs in five consecutive seasons, from 2002 to 2007, losing in the final twice (2002\u201303 and 2004\u201305) and the semi-finals three times, which is a competition record. However they exited the division at the other end when they were returned to the Conference after relegation at the end of the 2010\u201311 campaign. A six-season stay in non-league was ended when Cowley brothers Nicky and Danny led the club to the National League title in 2016\u201317, as well as a run to the quarter-finals of the FA Cup \u2013 this made them the first non-league side to reach that stage in 103 years. Though they lost in the League Two play-offs the next year, they did win the 2018 EFL Trophy Final. In the 2018\u20132019 season they were champions of League Two and gained promotion to the third tier for the first time in 20 years. Origins and early years. Football in the city of Lincoln had been prominent since the 1860s although not strictly connected to the modern day club. After the disbanding of Lincoln Rovers (formerly Lincoln Recreation) in 1884, Lincoln City FC was formed as an amateur association, turning professional in the"}, {"text": "1891\u201392 season. Originally they played at the John O'Gaunts ground (provided by wealthy local brewer Robert Dawber) before moving in 1895 to their current ground, Sincil Bank. The first game Lincoln played as an amateur team was an emphatic 9\u20131 victory over local rivals Sleaford, on 4 October 1884. George Hallam set two records for the club that day: he scored the first ever goal for the club, and also the first ever hat-trick. Their first competitive game at home also ended in an emphatic manner, beating Boston Excelsior 11\u20130, with Edwin Teesdale scoring four goals. At this time, before the club gained entry into the Football League and professional status, the County Cup was their main priority; Lincoln won it for the first time in the 1886\u201387 season with a 2\u20130 replay victory over neighbours Grimsby Town, after the initial match had finished 2\u20132. Lincoln soon helped to form what was then the Second Division in 1892\u201393 season, as an increasing number of clubs wished to join the Football League. Their first game in the Football League was a 4\u20132 away defeat to Sheffield United on 3 September 1892. Their first home game was also against Sheffield United, this"}, {"text": "time, however, Lincoln won 1\u20130. The first game at Sincil Bank in 1895, after moving from the John O'Gaunts Ground due to Dawber's death, was a 0\u20130 friendly draw with local rivals, Gainsborough Trinity. The first competitive fixture at the ground was against Arsenal, the game ended 1\u20131. In January 1907 The Imps knocked Chelsea out of the FA Cup after a replay. Managed by David Calderhead, two late goals salvaged a home draw in the first leg. In the replay in London, an injury time goal by Norrie Fairgray took Lincoln through. Chelsea returned at the end of the season to poach Calderhead to become their manager. Interwar era. Up until the 1920s Lincoln spent most of their time swinging between the Second Division and the more localised leagues, the Midland and also the Central league. After then, however, in the 1921\u201322 season, Lincoln, along with several other clubs from the Central and Midland leagues, founded the Third Division (North). Lincoln were promoted to the Second Division in 1931\u201332, only to be relegated back to the Third Division (North) the next season. Post-WWII era. Lincoln were promoted to the Second Division in and 1947\u201348, only to be relegated back"}, {"text": "to the Third Division the next season. They were promoted again in 1951\u201352, and remained in the second division for eight years until they suffered back-to-back relegations in 1960\u201361 and 1961\u201362 to the Fourth Division. 1975\u20131985. It was the 1975\u201376, when they were managed by future England manager Graham Taylor, season where the club won the Division 4 title and broke the record for most points for a whole season when 2 instead of 3 points were awarded for a win with 74 points in total (this was and still is the record number of points achieved under the 2-point system); the record of winning the most games (32) and losing the fewest (4), was also set. City also become the first club in nearly a decade to score over 100 league goals (111 in total). They also won 21 out of 23 home league games in this season (the other 2 were drawn) and also won 11 games away from home, another impressive bout from the club. It was the season where, Graham Taylor recalls, \"teams were petrified of coming to Sincil Bank\". In 1982 and again in 1983, Lincoln narrowly missed out on promotion to the Second Division."}, {"text": "In 1985, Lincoln were the opposition at Bradford City when the Bradford City stadium fire claimed the lives of 56 spectators \u2013 two of them, Bill Stacey and Jim West, were Lincoln fans, and subsequently these fans had the Stacey-West stand named after them. 1986\u20132000. Lincoln were relegated on the last day of the following season, and the year after that they became the first team to suffer automatic relegation from the Football League. This was a dramatic decline for a club who had almost reached the Second Division four years earlier and has been linked to the trauma arising from the disaster. This marked the fourth occasion on which Lincoln were demoted from the Football League, a record that still stands. They regained their Football League place automatically via promotion as champions of the Conference (beforehand it was done by re-election) at the first attempt with a long ball game devised by eccentric manager Colin Murphy and held on to it until the end of season 2010\u201311. On 8 September 1990, Lincoln were the opposition when David Longhurst suffered a fatal heart attack during the first half of a game against York City at Bootham Crescent. The game was"}, {"text": "abandoned at halftime. Into the new millennium. With Lincoln entering administration at the end of the 2001\u201302 season, Alan Buckley was relieved of his duties as manager on financial grounds with Keith Alexander placed in charge of all football matters. On 3 May 2002 Lincoln successfully petitioned to go into administration but the financial crisis would leave the first team squad bereft of players as the day saw five senior players \u2013 Jason Barnett, Grant Brown, David Cameron, Steve Holmes and Justin Walker \u2013 released at the end of their contracts with a sixth, Lee Thorpe, departing for Leyton Orient. A hectic day finished with confirmation of Alexander's official appointment as team manager. In 2002\u201303, Alexander was given the task of keeping the team in the football league; he proved the many pundits and fans who believed that Lincoln would be relegated and sent out of business due to financial irregularities wrong. With a team made up of cheap ex-non-league players and the lower paid members of the previous season's squad, he took them to the play-off final which they lost 5\u20132 to Bournemouth. The team was rewarded with a civil reception in Lincoln, and an open-top bus ride through"}, {"text": "Lincoln, an event usually reserved for the winners of such competitions; it was awarded to the team because of the massive achievement. In 2003\u201304 Alexander again confounded the critics by coaching the Imps to another play-off position, this time losing to eventual winners Huddersfield Town in the semi-finals. Alexander, one of the very few black managers in the Football League, had a very serious brain injury (a cerebral aneurysm) halfway through the season, but made a full recovery. In the 2004\u201305 season they again qualified for the play-offs, for the third year running, and in the semi-finals Lincoln beat Macclesfield Town 2\u20131 on aggregate over two legs but lost in the final against Southend United 2\u20130 after extra time. In the 2005\u201306 season, Lincoln City lost narrowly to then Premier League side Fulham in the second round of the 2005\u201306 League Cup, taking the match to extra-time before the London side won 5\u20134 in the final minute. In the league, Lincoln again reached the play-offs after many fans and critics believed that they would finish in the mid-table after losing many of their first team regulars from the previous three campaigns. In January both Alexander and former assistant manager Gary"}, {"text": "Simpson were put on gardening leave by the board. Alexander was soon after reinstated; however, Simpson did not return. Shortly after, over a disagreement with other board members over the way the club was being run and certain personnel, two prominent board members, Ray Trew and Keith Roe departed from the club. Lincoln brushed this saga to the side though, and finished 7th in League 2 after only losing 3 games since the new year. Lincoln were to face local neighbours Grimsby Town in the play-offs, a side they had beaten 5\u20130 at Sincil Bank earlier in the season. However, once again it was not to be, as Lincoln lost 3\u20131 on aggregate to become the first team ever to lose four consecutive play-off competitions. After speculation that he would take up the vacant managerial role at Peterborough United, Keith Alexander left his position as manager of Lincoln City by mutual consent on 24 May 2006, stating that he could take the club no further, and shortly after on 15 June John Schofield was appointed his successor, with John Deehan as Director of Football. When John Deehan was the Director of Football, the club enjoyed a close link with Premier"}, {"text": "League outfit Aston Villa. As well as Villa hosting a behind closed-doors friendly with City earlier in the 2006\u201307 season, Paul Green, a promising youngster, made a permanent move to the club, whilst goalkeeper Bobby Olejnik featured several times on the substitute bench during his loan spell at City. Deehan also brought in Ryan Amoo, a youth player who he worked with at Villa, who has since left the club since his contract expired. For the fifth year in a row, under a different manager, however, Lincoln City reached the League Two play-offs after finishing 5th in the league (the highest position that they have qualified for the play-offs in). Once again, however, they lost, this time to Bristol Rovers in the semi-finals courtesy of a 2\u20131 defeat away and a 3\u20135 defeat at home. The failure to succeed in five successive play-off competitions is a record for any club. The team started the 2007\u201308 campaign poorly, managing just two wins before a winless streak that lasted from 25 August to 24 November. During this winless streak the Managerial team of John Schofield and John Deehan were sacked, and replaced with former Huddersfield Town manager Peter Jackson. Jackson quickly earned"}, {"text": "the nickname \"Lord of the Imps\" due to his shared name with Peter Jackson, the director who made the \"Lord of the Rings\" films. Jackson parted company with the club on 2 September 2009 due to poor home form in the previous season and a poor start to the 2009/10 season. On 28 September 2009, the Lincoln hotseat was handed to former Chelsea, Blackburn Rovers, Celtic and England striker Chris Sutton. His assistant was named as Ian Pearce, another former Premier League player. The club had been managed by coach Simon Clark following the sacking of Peter Jackson and his assistant Iffy Onuora. It was announced that Sutton would take the reins from Clark on 30 September. Sutton led Lincoln City to the third round of the FA Cup, after beating Northwich Victoria in a second-round game televised live on ITV1. City were drawn with Premier League side Bolton Wanderers in the third round. The tie was played on 2 January 2010 at the Reebok Stadium, with Lincoln losing the game 4\u20130 and crashing out respectfully to the Premier League side. League form improved in January, with the team profiting from new loan and permanent signings. Loan signing Davide Somma"}, {"text": "became an instant hero, scoring 9 goals in his 14 games on loan and ending up being Lincoln's top goalscorer for the season. Sutton resigned in September 2010, citing personal reasons. However, he later revealed it was due to disagreements over spending with the club's board. On 15 October, the Imps hired Steve Tilson as the club's new manager. Under new management, things looked up for the Imps and by Christmas, Tilson's side were 11th. The good run ended abruptly, and Lincoln started to slip down the table. After a run of nine losses and a draw in the final ten games, Lincoln City were relegated from League Two on the last day of the end of the 2010\u20132011 season. They needed a win in their final game against Aldershot Town to survive, but lost 3\u20130. With relegation rivals Barnet winning their final game, Lincoln finished 23rd and were relegated. Almost 8,000 supporters watched the game. In the Conference. Following relegation to the Conference Premier, Tilson released all but three members of the squad, telling them they had no future at Sincil Bank. By early October, Lincoln were one point above the relegation zone and the management were coming under"}, {"text": "fire after a run of one win in four; Tilson was sacked as manager on 10 October 2011 following a 4\u20130 defeat at Tamworth. Following the duo's sacking, Grant Brown was put in temporary charge. Brown remained in charge for four games, winning the first but none of the subsequent three, before former Mansfield Town manager David Holdsworth was confirmed as manager. Holdsworth managed the Imps to safety but only by 8 points; furthermore, Lincoln lost to Isthmian League outfit Carshalton Athletic in the FA Trophy and suffered its earliest FA Cup exit since 1924\u201325. Lincoln were one game away from facing Liverpool in the FA Cup third round the following season, but were denied by a second round replay defeat to Mansfield Town. On 17 February 2013, David Holdsworth left the club by mutual consent following twelve games without a win. On 27 February 2013, Gary Simpson, a former assistant of Keith Alexander during his time at the club, was appointed manager until the end of the season. Safety was secured on the final day with a 5\u20131 away win against Hyde. After a good start to the 2013\u201314 season, Lincoln went on a run of just two wins"}, {"text": "in seventeen games, which saw the Imps embroiled in relegation trouble once more. From the start of February to the end of the season, Lincoln lost just three games, and finished 14th in the league, their best placing since relegation. Gary Simpson was placed on gardening leave on 3 November 2014. Assistant manager Chris Moyses was placed in temporary charge and then appointed permanently on 8 December 2014. Lincoln finished 15th that season. 2015\u201316 would prove to be largely a season of mid-table stability, eventually culminating in a 13th-place finish. Just before the season ended, Moyses announced that he would leave the club in order to focus on his business interests outside of football, and was subsequently replaced by Braintree Town manager Danny Cowley. City started the 2016\u201317 season with mixed form, winning two and losing two of their opening four games. This was followed by a run of victories that resulted in the Imps sitting top of the table after a victory at Tranmere, the first time the club had topped any table in ten years. The form again dipped with defeats to Dover and Barrow in late September, but that would be the last time that the Imps"}, {"text": "would taste defeat in any competition until a last minute defeat to Guiseley on Boxing Day. During that run the Imps travelled to run-away leaders Forest Green and would have fallen twelve points behind with a defeat, but three goals in the final 30 minutes turned around a 2\u20130 deficit. The good form continued into the New Year as the Imps gradually started to pull clear of the group. Despite a bit of a dip of form in March, Cowley would go on to lead the Imps to a National League title and a return to League Two for the first time since their relegation six years earlier. The club ended their second spell in non-league with draws against Maidstone and Southport, the latter of whom were the club's first opponents back in non-league, bringing it full circle. In the 2016\u201317 FA Cup, Lincoln beat Championship side Ipswich Town, in a replay, after progressing past Guiseley, Altrincham and Oldham Athletic, before defeating Championship leaders Brighton and Hove Albion at Sincil Bank to make the fifth round of the FA cup for the first time since the end of the Victorian era. On 18 February, Lincoln went on to beat top"}, {"text": "flight side Burnley 1\u20130 to historically go through to the FA Cup quarter final, the first time a non-league club had progressed to the last eight since 1914. In the quarter-finals, they were defeated 5\u20130 at Arsenal. Return to the Football League. In the 2017\u201318 season, on 6 February 2018, Lincoln beat Chelsea U21s in the semi-final of the 2017\u201318 EFL Trophy, taking them to Wembley Stadium for the first time in the 134 years of the club. They went on to win the final against Shrewsbury Town on 8 April 2018. The winning goal was scored by Elliot Whitehouse in the 16th minute and was the only goal of the match. on 12 May, Lincoln drew 0\u20130 with Exeter City in the first leg of the play-off semi-final. In the second leg, on 17 May, Lincoln lost 3\u20131. In the 2018\u201319 season, on 5 April 2019, Lincoln announced that Nettleham Ladies FC would be rebranded as Lincoln City Women from 1 June. Lincoln won League Two, on 22 April 2019, after a 0\u20130 draw against Tranmere Rovers, having been top of the table since 25 August 2018. Promotion from League Two represented Lincoln's first season in the EFL League"}, {"text": "One since the 1998\u201399 campaign. Lincoln began their first season in the third tier in over twenty years with relative success, victorious in their first three games against Accrington Stanley, Rotherham and Southend. On 9 September 2019, the team's then manager, Danny Cowley, announced his departure to join Championship side Huddersfield Town, having guided Lincoln to two promotions in his previous three seasons alongside brother and assistant manager Nicky. In the 2022\u201323 EFL Cup, Lincoln equalled a club record performance by reaching the fourth round of the tournament, losing 2\u20131 to Southampton. After leading Lincoln to a top-half finish in 2022\u201323 season, Lincoln parted company with Mark Kennedy with the Imps in 16th place."}, {"text": "Ambalgram railway station is a railway station in Ahmadpur\u2013Katwa line under Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Ambalgram of Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal. History. Ahmedpur\u2013Katwa narrow-gauge railway line connecting Ahmedpur and Katwa was established on 29 September 1917 by McLeod's Light Railways. Indian Railways had taken over the operation of this narrow-gauge railway from McLeod and Company in 1966. After closing this track in 2013 the railway section was converted into 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) broad gauge in 1917. The conversion work started in 2013 and was completed in early 2017. The track including Ambalgram railway station was reopened to the public on 24 May 2018."}, {"text": "\"Sally\" is a popular song written by Leo Towers, Harry Leon and Will E. Haines. It was first sung by Gracie Fields in the 1931 film \"Sally in Our Alley\". \"Sally\" was released on His Master's Voice as the B-side of the record \"Fall In and Follow the Band\". Merseybeat group The Koobas covered the song in 1967 and released it as a single on Columbia. Gerry Monroe scored a hit with the song in 1970 and it was also released by Karl Denver in 1966. Paul McCartney covered the song during a soundcheck at Wembley on his 1990 world tour; the song was released on the live album \"Tripping the Live Fantastic\". Background. The tune was composed by pianist Harry Leon (born Aaron Sugarman; 18 August 1901\u201318 February 1970), a Jewish musician from the East End of London, who played in pubs in Denmark Street. His friend Leo Towers (originally Leonard Blitz) wrote a lyric, and they took the song, initially called \"Gypsy Sweetheart\", to music publisher Will Haines of Cameo Music. Haines wanted the lyric to include a girl's name, and Leon and Towers revised the words to include \"Sally\", which was the nickname of Leo Towers\u2019 sister"}, {"text": "Sarah. Leon did not think the song would be successful, and sold his share in the song for \u00a330. Whilst backstage at The Metropolitan, Fields described: \"In comes this fellow one night, very Cockney, and he tells us all of this song he\u2019s just written with some friends. The title of the song was 'Sally'.\" The name \"Sally\" surprised Fields, as the title of her upcoming film, \"Sally in our Alley,\" had not yet been released to the public. After a little work and an audition for Archie Pitt, it was agreed the song would be used in the film. \"Sally\" became the star vehicle of Fields' film, appearing throughout the film over six times including being played in the background by an orchestra, whistled by dockyard workers, and sung twice by Fields."}, {"text": "\"Mahapurusa\" Jasobanta Dasa (; born ) was an Odia poet, litterateur and mystic, best known as the author of the treatise \"Premabhakti Brahmagita\". He was one of the five great poets in Odia literature, the \"Panchasakha\" named Ananta Dasa, Jagannatha Dasa, Balarama Dasa and Achyutananda Dasa during the Bhakti age of literature. Early life. Early life of Jasobanta is mainly sourced from the work \"Jasobanta Dasanka Chaurashi Agyan\" (Eighty-four arts of Jasobanta Dasa) by one of his disciples Sudarshan Das. He was born at village Nandigrama of Adhangagarh, Jagatsinghpur, part of undivided Cuttack District in a Khandayat kshatriya family. His father's name was Ballabhadra Mahanayak and his mother's name was Rekha Devi. He wed Anjana Devi, the sister of Adhangagarh\u2019s king Raghunath Champattiray. He later took sannyasa and travelled to numerous holy places throughout India, where he attained mystic powers and gained the ability to change his form at will. He chanted and taught the Shyama mula mantra. Govinda chandra, Shiva sarodaya, Sasti mala, Prema bhakti, Brahma gita, Atma pariche gita, a Malika, and several bhajans were among his works. Govinda chandra became extremely popular in Assam, Bengal, and northern India; it is primarily associated with traditional dance and dance"}, {"text": "instruction, both of which are associated with the Vaishnava tradition. Lohi Das was his most devoted disciple. He dismembered himself on Margasira sukla Sasti. Literary works. A list of his known works is as below. References. https://historyofodisha.in/pancha-sakhas-of-medieval-odisha/"}, {"text": "Janet G. Luhmann (born 1946) is an American physicist and senior fellow of the Space Sciences Laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley. She has made major contributions to a wide range of topics in planetary, solar, magnetospheric, and heliospheric physics. She is the principal investigator of the IMPACT instrument suite on the twin-spacecraft STEREO mission. IMPACT stands for In-situ Measurements of Particles and Coronal mass ejection (CME) Transients. It consists of a, \"suite of seven instruments that samples the 3-D distribution of solar wind plasma electrons, the characteristics of the solar energetic particle (SEP) ions and electrons, and the local vector magnetic field.\" Early life and education. Luhmann holds a B.S. in physics from Carnegie-Mellon University and an M.S. and Ph.D in astronomy from the University of Maryland. She began her professional research career in 1974 as a member of technical staff in the Particles and Fields Department at the Space Sciences Laboratory in the Aerospace Corporation, California. In 1980, she took up a research geophysicist position at the University of California, Los Angeles. In 1994, she was appointed as a senior fellow at the space sciences laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley. Research career. Luhmann's work focuses"}, {"text": "on the use of spacecraft observations and models to investigate solar wind interactions with the planets and the connections between the Sun and heliospheric conditions. She has published approximately 500 refereed articles, with around 29,000 citations and a h-index of 88, making her one of the most prominent scientists in the field. She is the principal investigator (PI) for the In-situ Measurements of Particles and CME Transients (IMPACT) instrument suite on the twin-spacecraft STEREO mission. IMPACT provides solar wind plasma and magnetic field measurements. Previously, Luhmann was Deputy PI of the MAVEN mission at Mars. She has served as a co-investigator on the ASPERA plasma spectrometer team on both Mars Express and Venus Express, the Pioneer Venus Orbiter, and the POLAR mission, and a science team member on Cassini\u2019s Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer Team, and the Phobos mission to Mars. Luhmann led the heliospheric science activity for the National Science Foundation-sponsored Center for Space Weather Modeling. Awards and honors. Selected by the National Academy of Science to chair the most influential committee in her field, the Committee on Solar and Space Physics (CSSP). Chair of the NRC Committee on Solar and Space Physics (CSSP). 2021: Jean Dominique Cassini Medal"}, {"text": "& Honorary Membership of the European Geosciences Union. In 2015, she was awarded honorary fellowship of the Royal Astronomical Society. In 2012, she was awarded the Space Science Award from the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). Also in 2012, Luhmann gave the American Geophysical Union's Eugene Parker Lecture, which is presented two out of every three years to a space scientist who has made significant contributions to the fields of solar and heliospheric science. 2007: Awarded the John Adam Fleming medal of the American Geophysical Union for original research and technical leadership in geomagnetism, atmospheric electricity, aeronomy, space physics, and related sciences. 1998-2001: Editor in chief of \"Journal of Geophysical Research\". 1997: She was made a fellow of the American Geophysical Union. 1994-1996: Appointed president of the American Geophysical Union Space Physics and Aeronomy Section."}, {"text": "A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Mudgee on 16 August 1911 because of the resignation of Labor Party member Bill Dunn because he disagreed with legislation introduced by the Labor Secretary for Lands Niels Nielsen. Labor reversed its policy and Dunn stood for re-election as the Labor candidate. Results. <includeonly> Bill Dunn () resigned in protest over land legislation.</includeonly>"}, {"text": "Panthoibi (, ), also known as , is a goddess associated with civilization, courage, fertility, handicraft, love, victory, warfare and wisdom in the mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). She is a consort of the God Nongpok Ningthou. She is considered to be one of the divine incarnations of Leimarel Sidabi and is also identified as a form of Goddess Nongthang Leima. She is worshipped mainly by the Meitei people in Manipur, Assam, Tripura, Bangladesh and Myanmar. The personality of Panthoibi and other Meitei goddesses like Emoinu and Phouoibi depict as well as influence the courage, independence, righteousness and social honour of Meitei women. History. According to the \"Panthoibi Khongul\", the worship of goddess Panthoibi began in the era of the Khaba dynasty. In 1100 AD, the Loyumba Shinyen mentions the Heishnam clan's service to goddess Panthoibi. The text addresses her as the most adored Meetei goddess. In the 17th century, Panthoibi appeared as a war goddess riding on a tiger. The Cheitharol Kumbaba's first record of the building of a temple of Panthoibi was in the year 1686. The same text's first record of the making of her statue was in the year 1699. In the 18th"}, {"text": "century, there was a decline in the worship of Panthoibi mirrored a rise of Vaishnavism in Manipur. Hindu King Garib Niwaj Pamheiba (1709-1748) pulled down her temples and broke her statues, and from the 18th century onwards, Panthoibi was treated as a manifestation of the Hindu goddess Durga or as her incarnation or as her manifestation. The identity of Panthoibi was changed to that of Hindu goddess Durga. She was worshipped for five days in September \u2013 October. No more temples to Panthoibi were built from 1700 until the modern era came. Since 1960s, the worship of Panthoibi has increased, beginning to replace the worship of Durga. Attributes and epithets. Panthoibi is regarded as self-confident and self-conscious with feminine pride. Legend says she has many incarnations, such as Phouoibi, goddess of grain. Panthoibi is regarded the ruling deity of birth and death. She is described in several ancient texts, including \"Panthoibi Khongul\" and \"Panthoibi Mingkheilol\". The Panthoibi Khonggul, an ancient Meitei language religious text dedicated to goddess Panthoibi says: Different personifications of Panthoibi are found in different texts. According to the poetic song \"Anoirol\", Panthoibi appears as Khabi Lengnao Mombi, an ancient priestess. She is also regarded as an incarnation"}, {"text": "of goddess Nongthang Leima, another goddess amaibi. Panthoibi is the goddess of \"kang\", a popular Meitei indoor game. Kang players pray to her before and during the game, believing that one cannot do his or her best at the game without her blessings. Panthoibi is also the patron deity of potters and weavers. After the creation of the human beings, Panthoibi realised that they needed vessels to store food and water. Looking around, she saw a flower, \"nura khudonglei\". She imitated the shape and the design of the flower to produce a pot and gave art of pottery to the women of Manipur. In another account, she was taught the art of pottery by goddess Leimarel Sidabi before her disappearance, Panthoibi was inspired by a spider spinning its web to invent the arts of spinning and weaving. In another legendary account, Panthoibi was taught the art of weaving by Leishambi, the goddess of creation. Haoreima, a woman from the hills whose lover was beheaded by her husband, is another incarnation of Panthoibi. She turned into tortured spirit and goddess of tragic love and separation and is also associated with death and fertility. Panthoibi reacts badly to bad human conduct. A"}, {"text": "person who spits near her shrine may they cannot turn their neck and can only be cured by a ritual performed by a maiba, or priestess. Panthoibi is also regarded as one of the divine incarnations of the goddess Leimarel Sidabi. and as an incarnation of the goddess Nongthang Leima. In Mythology and Literature. The ancient Meitei language text \"Langkol Chingkoipa\" describes the romantic affair between deified Meitei princess Panthoibi and her lover Nongpok Ningthou. Panthoibi is a lady of surpassing beauty, a daughter of a Meitei king. Many kings and princes wanted to marry her, including King Shapaiba, from the western part of the valley of Kangleipak. He promised that if she married him, he would construct good roads, beautiful bridges, and a spacious house and fish ponds, but she did not accept his proposal. Finally, Panthoibi was married to Tarang Khoinucha, the son of King Khaba Sokchrongba and Queen Teknga of the Khaba dynasty. Panthoibi met the god Nongpok Ningthou for the first time when she was walking in open meadows, bathing and playing in the cool waters of the running river. She was attracted to his handsome looks and towering personality. The two fell in love at"}, {"text": "first sight. Nongpok Ningthou asked Panthoibi to elope with him. Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou secretly met many times, and her in-laws became suspicious. Her mortal husband tried to win her heart many times, but failed. Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou finally eloped, escaping the palace disguised as Tangkhuls. The two divine lovers were ultimately united on the sun-washed slopes of the Nongmaiching Hills. Their happy union was celebrated with dances and music by the gods. This celebration gave birth to the Lai Haraoba festival. In another version of the story, Panthoibi first met Nongpok Ningthou when she was helping her father to slash-and-burn. The two fell in love at first sight, but Panthoibi was already married to another man against her will. She left her husband's house to search for her true love; Nongpok Ningthou also left his home for the same purpose. The two lovers met at the Kangla, which became the place of their divine union and it became the place of coronation of the Meitei kings. Panthoibi and the Sun God. According to the Numit Kappa, a mythological epic written in the early 1st century CE, two suns shone in the ancient sky. One was wounded by an"}, {"text": "archer. The two brother suns fled from their positions in the sky and hid for ten long days, leaving the world in darkness. No-one could work. Crops perished and cattle died. So, the ten kingly gods approached many divinities, asking each to plead with the sun gods. Finally, the ten gods asked Princess Panthoibi to help. She knew many mysteries and secrets, and showed them magical ceremonies to lure the sun gods back. The unwounded sun god returned to his place, but the wounded one never returned. Ancient texts. Panthoibi Naheirol. The Panthoibi Naheirol () describes about the love of goddess Panthoibi for her lover Nongpok Ningthou. It tells about how she left her former husband's house (house of the Khaba dynasty) by tricking her in laws and stayed at her parental house and then finally united with her ultimate lover in the Langmai mountains by tricking her mother. Before coming back to her parental house, Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou were already in love with each other. So, every action of Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou were done according to the two's pre-plans. According to the text, by pretending to be unwell, Panthoibi told her mother as follows: Her mother Namungbi"}, {"text": "told her about Wangpulen Khana Chaopa, the deity of water, who rules in the southern realms of Kangleipak. She assured her daughter that he could definitely cure her illness. But on hearing her mother's reply, which Panthoibi didn't want, Panthoibi pretended to be worse in her health than before. Then her mother told her about another deity, who was guarding the south-west direction (Thangching), which she (Panthoibi's mother) believed that he could certainly cure her daughter's illness. At this too, since Panthoibi was still unsatisfied, she pretended to be almost near her death. Then, her mother told her about God Koupalu (Koubru), the ruler of the northwestern realms of Kangleipak. Still unwanted and unsatisfied, Panthoibi pretended to be worsened up. To her mother's eyes, Panthoibi's illness was deteriorated. Finally, her mother told her about Nongpok Ningthou as follows: Hearing her lover's name from her mother's words, Panthoibi insisted her to call him as soon as possible. Upon the calling, Nongpok Ningthou arrived immediately. Sitting by the side of the ailing princess Panthoibi, Nongpok Ningthou examined her illness. After a short period of time, Panthoibi told her mother of her complete recovery from her illness. In front of her mother, she"}, {"text": "praised for the great ability of Nongpok Ningthou as a physician and the saviour of her life from the brink of death. Taking advantage of the situation, Panthoibi followed her lover, and thus, she finally united with Nongpok Ningthou. Festivals. Panthoibi Iratpa. \"Panthoibi Iratpa\" (\"Panthoibi Eratpa\") is a religious festival dedicated to goddess Panthoipi. It is celebrated every year. Lai Haraoba. Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou are at the core of Lai Haraoba festival. Their legend finds an important place in the literature of Ancient Manipur. In Art forms. Panthoibi Jagoi. \"Panthoibi Jagoi\" is a duet dance form. It is accompanied by a song of love. It is sung by a maibi and a \"Pena Khongba\" (Pena player). It has reference to the love of Panthoibi and Nongpok Ningthou. It also depicts the process of weaving. Panthoibi Sheishak. \"Panthoibi Sheishak\" is a song sung in the Lai Haraoba festival. It is performed by the Pena players. It retells the story of Panthoibi searching for her beloved Nongpok Ningthou. It is one of the 9 singing styles (tunes) sung in the Lai Haraoba. Tangkhul Nurabi Loutaba. \"Tangkhul Nurabi Loutaba\" is an enactment of the repartee between Tangkhul Pakhang (an incarnation of Nongpok"}, {"text": "Ningthou) and Tangkhul Nurabi (an incarnation of Panthoibi). The two repartee players dress up in Tangkhul Naga costumes of farming in the field. This is performed on the last night of the Kanglei Haraoba (one of the 4 forms of Lai Haraoba festival)."}, {"text": "The \"BRW\" Rich 200, 2011 is the 28th annual survey of the wealthiest people resident in Australia, published in hardcopy and online formats in the \"BRW\" magazine on 25 May 2011. In the 2011 list, the net worth of the wealthiest individual, Gina Rinehart, was 10.31 billion. The \"BRW Rich Families List\" was published annually since 2008. In the 2011 list, the Smorgon family headed the list with estimated wealth of 2.69 billion. The Smorgon families headed the families list in every year of its publication. The families list was last published in 2015."}, {"text": "South Bank University Academy (formerly known as University Academy of Engineering South Bank) is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form located in the Walworth area of the London Borough of Southwark, England. It opened as an academy in 2014 and is part of South Bank Academies (sponsored by London South Bank University). It was re-founded as South Bank University Academy in 2021. The school is no longer specialist in engineering. The school is part of the London South Bank University Group. The LSBU Group also includes its sister school, South Bank UTC, as well as London South Bank Technical College and Lambeth College. A 2017 Ofsted report rated the school as \"Good\", with the school again rated \"Good\" in June 2022. The school enrols 751 students, of which 70.9% are boys, 29.1% are girls ."}, {"text": "Pillowhead, also known as #*?!, is an extended play by Australian rock band Regurgitator released in August 2005. The EP was supported by a Regurgitator Lives! tour. Background and release. In August 2004, Regurgitator relocated to Federation Square, Melbourne, as part of Foxtel 's Australian music channel, Channel V's \"Band in a Bubble\" program, in which the band entered a small glass recording studio while the public could watch the band work, or tune into a 24-hour digital cable television channel. This recording session resulted in the band's fifth studio album \"Mish Mash!\", which was released in November 2004 and peaked at number 52 on the ARIA charts. The session were productive, with the group recording far more material than was required, and it was decided to release the excess material on an EP titled \"#*?!\" in August 2005. Band member Peter Kostic explained \"\"#*?!\" is the stuff that didn't go on the album, because we didn't have room and didn't want to do a double album. We decided to hold onto it and release it later.\" Amongst the usual fusion of pop, rock, hip-hop and electronica is a 34-minute ambient piece, \"Pillowhead Orchestra\"; Kostic said \"We did that really"}, {"text": "late one night in the bubble... It was a Friday or Saturday night and there were a lot of people just hanging around outside. Part of it was to just put on a weird show for them. References."}, {"text": "The Battle of Jangsari () is a 2019 South Korean action-war film co-directed by Kwak Kyung-taek and Kim Tae-hoon, starring Kim Myung-min, Megan Fox, and Choi Min-ho in the lead roles. The second installment in a trilogy following \"Operation Chromite\", the film depicts the September 14\u201315, 1950 Battle of Jangsari and tells the true story of the (estimated strength: 718-772) of student volunteer soldiers led by ROK Army officers, including Captain Lee Myung-heum), who staged a small diversionary operation at Jangsari beach in Yeongdeok. The main mission was to block the supply route and therefore to achieve disruption of the North Korean Army around the Pusan Perimeter by hit-and-run tactics and the secondary mission was a diversion to draw the North Korean Army's attention, to facilitate the success of the Incheon landing. Megan Fox plays the role of Maggie, an American reporter and war correspondent for the \"New York Herald Tribune\", who covered the Korean War and called on the international community for assistance. Kim Myung-min plays a guerrilla task force commander while Choi Min-ho plays a low-ranking soldier. George Eads plays the leader of the landing operation. The film was released theatrically in South Korea on 25 September 2019"}, {"text": "and in the U.S. on 4 October 2019. Synopsis. During the Korean War, the is tasked with staging a diversionary mission at Jangsari Beach in South Korea, in order to deceive the North Korean forces into thinking the opposition forces would launch a decisive invasion there. In doing so, they would be able to pave the way for the success of Incheon Landing. Meanwhile, an American reporter and war correspondent (Megan Fox) covers the Korean War and tries to get help from the international community as the soldiers struggle to accomplish their mission due to a lack of proper training, weapons, and adequate food and supplies. Filming. Principal photography commenced on 3 October 2018 and was completed on 12 January 2019. Release. Produced by Taewon Entertainment and distributed by Warner Bros. Korea, the film was released theatrically in South Korea on 25 September 2019 in 1,090 South Korean theaters. It was released in U.S. on 4 October 2019 by Well Go USA. Reception. Yoon Min-sik from \"The Korea Herald\" praised the opening sequence, the subsequent 40 minutes and how the film managed to introduce the main characters and their traits without feeling forced while also depicting the gritty, grotesque face"}, {"text": "of war. However, the reviewer felt the plot was \"too contrived\", Fox's character spelt out the director's message through her dialogue, and that the film started out as something like \"Saving Private Ryan\" and ended up along the lines of \"Pearl Harbor\". Box office. Opening alongside \"By Quantum Physics: A Nightlife Venture\", the film debuted at the number one position and sold over 485,000 tickets (USD $3.44 million) through the weekend and a total of 690,000 tickets (USD $4.57 million) in its first five days."}, {"text": "The Shenzhen Technology University (SZTU; ) is a municipal public university located in Pingshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. The university is funded by the Shenzhen Municipal Education Bureau. Its first phase is scheduled to be in area."}, {"text": "FC Sokol () is a Bulgarian football club based in Markovo, Plovdiv Province, that currently plays in the South-East Third League, the third tier of Bulgarian football. It was founded in 1928."}, {"text": "Thurmon E. Lockhart is an American biomedical engineer, researcher and educator. He is the Inaugural MORE Foundation Professor of Life in Motion at Arizona State University, a guest professor at Ghent University in Belgium and, serves as a research affiliate faculty at Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science. He is an associate editor of \"Annals of Biomedical Engineering\" and academic and guest editor of the \"Sensors journal\" He has worked significantly to bring research to practice with various businesses to reduce falls. Lockhart's work has been focused on the identification and quantification of sensorimotor deficits and movement disorders associated with aging and neurological disorders on fall accidents. He has worked on several projects concerning human locomotion, wearable sensors, gait and posture. He is the author of \"An Introductions to Statistics for Biomedical Engineering\", and has published over 100 papers in scientific journals related to fall prevention. Translating his research, he pioneered a training technique to reduce falls by using the 'Slip Simulator' technology. The system is currently used by various companies to reduce occupational falls. Education. Lockhart was raised in South Korea. He moved to the United States in 1979. After completing his B.S. in Industrial and Systems Engineering"}, {"text": "from Texas Tech University in 1992, Lockhart received a M.S. in 1997 and a Ph.D. in 2000, both from Texas Tech University. Career. Lockhart joined Virginia Tech as an assistant professor in Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering in 2000, becoming associate professor in 2006 and full professor in 2013. He left Virginia Tech in 2014 to join Arizona State University as professor of biomedical engineering in school of biological and health systems engineering and Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering. In 2008, Lockhart was appointed as a guest professor at Ghent University in Ghent, Belgium. In 2014, he joined the Barrow Neurological Institute as an adjunct professor in the department of neurobiology. Lockhart has been a research affiliate professor at college of medicine at Mayo Clinic Arizona since 2017. From 2010 to 2016, he was the editor for \"Ergonomics\". He has been an associate editor of \"Annals of Biomedical Engineering\" since 2010, part of the editorial board of \"Journal of Biomechanics\" since 2015 and the guest editor of \"PLOS Computational Biology\", and an Editor of \"Scientific Reports\". Research and work. Since the beginning of his career, Lockhart's research has been focused on identification of injury mechanisms and quantification"}, {"text": "of sensorimotor deficits and movement disorders associated with aging and neurological disorders on fall accidents. Much of his work has focused on improving the lives of older adults and their families. In the late 1990s, Lockhart studied the biomechanics of slips and falls, how floor surface and visual field obstruction impact falls and how aging affects the likelihood of falls. His research on these topics continued into early 2000s. Some of his research during this time studied how slips and falls differ across different age groups. In early 2000s, he began studying gait and posture, and how the two are connected to slips and falls. This work led to several articles on the topics of gait and posture. In 2003, he wrote a paper entitled 'Effects of age-related gait changes on the biomechanics of slips and falls', modeling the human responses to slips and falls for the first time and pioneering the slip-perturbation method to study fall accidents during walking. Some of his research during the mid 2000s dealt with the topic of driving: visual characteristics of elderly drivers related to discomfort-glare responses and accommodation processes. In 2001, Lockhart began working with Toyota corporation on a project that lasted four"}, {"text": "years and resulted in development of international ergonomics standard for Intelligent Transportation System for elderly populations. In 2003, Lockhart began working with a team of scientists from Sweden to establish worldwide definition of 'mobility' for the elderly leading to the International Standard of Mobility. In the mid 2000s, his research in the area of falls began focusing on fall prevention. Some of his research in the early 2000s and mid 2000s also dealt with how carrying load can affect the likelihood of falling. Lockhart developed a system that can reduce occupational fall injuries, called the Slip Simulator, which is a training equipment with a 9 foot tall frame and a safety harness. Trainees are made to walk on the simulator. After they are comfortable walking in the simulator, the pathway is made slick with water. The trainee then keeps falling on the surface while trying to walk, being caught by the safety harness. The simulator is based on Lockhart's research that suggests that the only way to train people to avoid falling is to put them in motions of falling or experiencing realistic slips and trips and falls to better understand our limitations in balance maintenance abilities. For their work"}, {"text": "on Slip Simulator and training systems, Lockhart and his colleagues were awarded the Alexander C. William, Jr. Design Award. In the early 2010s, Lockhart's research began incorporating the use of advanced computer technology in his studies. He studied the applications of virtual reality for gait training in older adults. He developed a fall risk prediction model that used input from wearable sensors and an automated gait assessment algorithm that used input from inertial sensors. He also studied how mobile phones can be used in predicting and preventing falls. Further work in this area led to the development of Lockhart Monitor, an iOS application for gait and postural stability assessments for fall prone individuals. The application takes data from inertial measurement unit (IMU) on a smartphone, or an IMU worn elsewhere on the patient, to monitor activity over an extended period of time on a smartphone. The applications also takes input from accelerometer and gyroscope located in a smartphone to measure balance ability as well as walking ability. In the late 2010s, Lockhart began studying mobility and fall risk in patients with Parkinson's disease. His research addresses various neurorehabilitation assessments that are relevant for injury prevention and functional improvements. His work"}, {"text": "has been expanded to include community dwelling older adults in terms of designing smart homes and smart wearables that could significantly improve mobility in older adults. Some of his research has also studied how obesity can impact the likelihood and risk of falls in both young and old people. Lockhart has collaborated with several organizations for research and development in the area of fall prevention and occupational safety. He has worked with National Science Foundation, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Office of Naval Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory and Whitaker Foundation. In early 2014, he began a collaboration with ITT, for the development of the new Night-Vision system."}, {"text": "\"Happiness (Rotting My Brain)\" is a song by Australian rock band Regurgitator. The song was released in July 1999 as the lead single from the band's third studio album \"...art\". The single peaked at number 44 in Australia and 16 in New Zealand. It was ranked at number 62 on Triple J's Hottest 100 in 1999. The Paul Butler and Scott Walton-directed music video was nominated for Best Video at the ARIA Music Awards of 2000. References."}, {"text": "Sheikhpura Junction railway station, station code SHK, is a railway station under Danapur railway division of East Central Railway. Sheikhpura is connected to metropolitan areas of India, by the Gaya\u2013Kiul line. Station is located in Sheikhpura city in Sheikhpura district in the Indian state of Bihar. Due to its location on the Gaya\u2013Kiul line, many trains coming from Gaya and other cities stops here. Sheikhpura is well connected with nearby cities Gaya, , , and Kiul through daily passenger and express train services. A new branch line between railway station and Sheikhpura railway station via Neora, Jatdumri, Daniyawan, Bihar Sharif, Sheikhpura is under construction in which Bihar Sharif\u2013Daniyawan section was partially started in 2015. History. Several years before the Grand Chord was built, a connection from the Howrah\u2013Delhi main line to Gaya was developed in 1900 and the South Bihar Railway Company (operated by EIR) had laid a line from Lakhisarai to Gaya in 1879. The Grand Chord was opened on 6 December 1906. Structure. There are only three platforms in the Sheikhpura Junction railway station. The platforms are interconnected with a single foot overbridge. Electrification and doubling of track. Feasibility studies for the electrification of the Manpur\u2013Tilaiya\u2013Kiul section were"}, {"text": "announced in the rail budget for 2010\u201311 and the electrification work of single track is going on starting 2015\u201316. Electrification of single line from Gaya to Kiul have been completed in July 2018. It has been completed in two phases. In first phase Tilaiya to Warisaliganj have been completed and in the other phase Warisaliganj to Lakhisarai. A special MEMU train was flagged on 22 October 2018 by State Railway Minister Mr Manoj Sinha. Track doubling is in progress and it is expected to be completed by March 2020. Nearest airports. The nearest airports to Sheikhpura junction are:"}, {"text": "The People's Self-Defense Force () was a South Vietnamese part-time village level militia during the Vietnam War. The People's Self-Defense Force mainly protected homes and villages from attacks by the Viet Cong (VC) and the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN). History. In the aftermath of the Tet Offensive a joint session of the South Vietnamese legislature agreed on a military mobilization law which was promulgated on 19 June 1968. The bill lowered the military draft age from 20 to 18 and allowed the government to conscript males between the ages of 18 and 38 for service in either the regular Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) or the territorial Regional Force and Popular Forces. The term of service was made indefinite, or as long as the war lasted. In addition, the legislation specified that youths of 17 and men between the ages of 39 and 43 could be conscripted for noncombat military service, and all other males between 16 and 50 were to serve in a new paramilitary organization, the People's Self-Defense Force, a part-time hamlet militia. The PSDF force structure consisted of two components: combat and support. The basic building block of the combat PSDF was the 11-man"}, {"text": "team made up of a team leader, a deputy, and three 3-man cells. Three such teams formed a section of 35 men under a section leader and a deputy. If a locality had more than one section, then two or three sections could be assembled into a group which was the biggest PSDF combat unit led by a group leader and a deputy. All team, section, and group leaders and deputies were elected by PSDF members on the basis of their leadership qualities. Support elements were all volunteers. They were also organized into teams, sections, and groups but separated into different categories: elders, women, and teenagers, as dictated by traditional Vietnamese culture. These supporting elements provided such services as first-aid, education, social welfare, and entertainment. Able-bodied young women could join the combat PSDF if they so desired, on a voluntary basis. In rural areas, many peasant girls volunteered as combat members and were organized into separate cells. Combat PSDF groups were issued rifles, carbines, submachine guns and shotguns. Some groups even received automatic rifles in limited numbers during the later stages of the war. In relatively secure areas, the PSDF could be employed to assist the National Police in maintaining"}, {"text": "law and order, defending against PAVN/VC sabotage and terrorist actions, and interdicting PAVN/VC penetrations. Where security was less certain, the PSDF were organized only in those hamlets protected by territorial forces. As soon as an insecure area became free of PAVN/VC, the PSDF gradually took over the security role in the place of Regional and Popular Force units which would be redeployed to other areas still under contest. However, when this occurred the RF/PF would usually leave behind a small reaction force. In this way, the PSDF gained in strength and stature as governmental control expanded. PSDF duties consisted in general of maintaining security within the hamlet or the city bloc. They mounted guard, conducted patrols and supported the police or military forces by gathering intelligence, providing first-aid, assisting in medical evacuation, constructing defense barriers, installing simple booby traps, and acting as messengers. Depending on their abilities, they also participated in community development activities in the hamlet. The PSDF employed guerrilla tactics; they did not take up fixed defense positions but moved to alert positions only at night in cells of 3. They rarely confronted the PAVN/VC directly unless their force was small and easy to destroy. Their capabilities were"}, {"text": "usually limited to warning the hamlet people and the nearest friendly force, and taking up concealed positions along the path of the PAVN/VC's approach, harassing and sniping at them. Whenever confronted by a superior PAVN/VC force, PSDF members hid their weapons and acted as ordinary people. As a rule, the PSDF never ventured outside the hamlet defense perimeter but they might join the PF in night ambushes on approaches to the hamlet, or participate in PF patrols outside the hamlet, usually under PF leadership. When warranted by the situation, they could also temporarily man a PF outpost while the PF laid ambushes or conducted patrols outside of the hamlet. This arrangement augmented the PF capabilities and enhanced the security of the hamlet. In many cases of PAVN/VC penetrations, the hardy and more experienced PSDF members even violated the rule by joining the PF to fight back as a reaction force. However, their most significant contribution in cases of PAVN/VC penetration of the hamlet was to organize the people into passive resistance and non-cooperation. To ensure that the PSDF could perform their role effectively, a relatively comprehensive training program was devised. A four-week formal training course was conducted at national training"}, {"text": "centers for team and section leaders. Although shorter in duration, these courses were comprehensive enough and compared favorably with PF platoon and squad leader basic courses. Training for PSDF members was conducted by mobile training teams provided by sector headquarters. These teams normally consisted of an RF officer, a PF platoon leader, a policeman, two or three experienced RF enlisted men and Revolutionary Development cadres. The training was performed in the hamlet for a few hours during the day and so arranged to avoid disrupting normal activities of PSDF members. Supporting PSDF members also progressed through a similar training program but it was more technically and politically oriented. By mid-1972 the PSDF had a paper strength of 2\u20133 million."}, {"text": "Gallery Terra Delft is an art gallery in Delft specialized in ceramics and ceramic art from contemporary national and international ceramists. It was founded in 1986. History. Opening and first years. The gallery was founded by artist Simone Haak (1952) and Joke Doedens (1961) in 1986 to create new opportunity for ceramists on the Dutch market. High quality ceramic art and products were hard to find in the market, and there were no more than a handful of specialized galleries in those days. The gallery introduced the exhibition concept to offer more than occasional solo exhibitions for artists every month. At Terra Gallery work remained in stock after the exhibitions. In the first decade they had work in stock from about thirty ceramists, among them Klaartje Kamermans, Hein Severijns, Susanne Silvertant, Norman Trapman and Eddy Varekamp. The art gallery had started in 1986 in an patrician house at the Oude Delft, the eldest canal in Delft. After three years in 1989 it moved to a shop-premises in the Nieuwstraat, a side street between the Oude Delft and the Wijnhaven, where it would remain. Later years at the Nieuwstraat. After the first decade an international exhibition was held at the Old"}, {"text": "Church of Delft presenting works of 65 national and international artists, including the German Horst G\u00f6bbels, the Danish Bodil Manz. From the Netherlands present, were the younger Mieke Everaet, Netty Janssens, Wietske van Leeuwen, Esther Stasse, and more settled ceramists such as Klaartje Kamermans and Marijke van Os. For the first anniversary Marjan Unger wrote a book about the gallery and the exhibition, entitled \"Keramiek en Delft 1996 = Ceramics and Delft 1996.\" This was published by Terra Keramiek in 1996. At the 25th anniversary in 2011 a ceramics festival was organized in Delft, entitled \"Brandpunt Delft\", in cooperation with Stichting Keramiek Promotion Delft. This exhibition was located in four different spaces; in Museum Prinsenhof Delft (the Masterpiece), Museum Paul T\u00e9tar van Elven (Cristal glazes), Old Church (Figuratives) and Galerie Terra Delft (Felicity Aylieff). In 2016 the gallery celebrated their 30th anniversary. Over the years many ceramists from all over the country and abroad had been given the opportunity to exhibit their work in the old city of Delft. The gallery had also participated with their works in numerous art fairs, had given lectures and workshops, had published a small series of books, and had started an online web shop"}, {"text": "with much biographical information about the ceramists. The number of artists in stock had raised to over 100. In the year 2016 it published a magazine about their history, entitled \"Ceramics - The Story of Thirty Years Terra Delft Gallery, Terra 30 jaar, 1986-2016.\" During the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the Terra Delft Gallery the two gallery owners were awarded with the Municipality penning Delft. The Delft City Council provided the pace for the generation of great renown of Delft ceramics town at home and abroad. In 2018 Galerie Terra Delft published a book the life and work of the ceramist Dirk Romijn (1946-2017). Photo Gallery. Some examples of the type of works of the artists, that had presented their works at the Gallery Terra Delft."}, {"text": "Levente Vajda (born 13 February 1981) is a Romanian chess grandmaster, earning his title in 2001. Biography. From an early age, Vajda was a permanent representative of Romania at the World Youth Chess Championships. In 1993, in Bratislava, he won bronze medal in the under-12 age group; a year later, he repeated this success in Szeged in the under-14 age group. In 1997, in Yerevan Levente Vajda won gold medal in under-16 age group, and he won another bronze medal in 1998 in Oropesa del Mar in the under-18 age group. In 1994, in Paris, he ranked second in the European Youth Rapid Chess Championship. From the late 1990s, he was one of the leading Romanian chess players. He has won five individual Romanian Chess Championships medals: four silver (1998, 2002, 2004, 2012) and bronze (2003). Vajda has achieved many successes at international chess tournaments, including winning or sharing first place eleven times in cyclical Grandmaster tournaments \"First Saturday\" in Budapest (in 2000\u20132007). In 1996, he achieved the same result in Balatonber\u00e9ny, and in 1998 he won in Bucharest. In 2002, Levente Vajda finished first in the \"Europe Nagymesterverseny\" tournament in Budapest. In 2004, he won tournaments in Balatonlelle and"}, {"text": "G\u00f6d, while the following year Levente Vajda triumphed in Victor Cioc\u00e2ltea memorial in Bucharest. In 2006, he took first place in Fourmies and Eforie, while in 2007 he triumphed in Balatonlelle. He played for Romania in the Chess Olympiads: Vajda played for Romania in the European Team Chess Championship: In 1996, he was awarded the FIDE International Master (IM) title, and in 2001 he received the FIDE Grandmaster (GM) title. Levente is the brother of Woman Grandmaster (WGM) Szidonia Vajda (born 1979). Vajda streams on Twitch as GM_Trankuilizer. He competes in mini-tournaments on Lichess as Trankuilizer."}, {"text": "Antonije \u0110uri\u0107 (; 21 January 1929 \u2013 15 August 2020) was a Serbian journalist, author, historian and publicist. Biography. He finished high school in U\u017eice at the U\u017eice Gymnasium. For writing against the Communist regime, he was imprisoned for seven years in the Sremska Mitrovica Prison at the same time as Stevan Moljevi\u0107, who died in prison, \u0110uro \u0110urovi\u0107, Vojin Andri\u0107, Kosta Kumanudi, Dragi\u0107 Joksimovi\u0107, who also died in prison, Fr. Sava Bankovi\u0107 and Borislav Peki\u0107. After his release from prison, he spent most of his working life working as a journalist for \"Ekspres politika\". Based on his cult drama \"Solunci govore\", a television film of the same name was made in 1990, and he was the screenwriter of the film. He was a member of the Association of Writers of Serbia. He had a regular monthly column in the newspaper \"Srbija\" from Canada and worked as a contributor of \"Srpske novine\" from Chicago. Antonije \u0110uri\u0107 lived and worked in \u010ca\u010dak, where he died on August 15, 2020."}, {"text": "Nikulino () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 10 km north-west from Aserkhovo, 10 km east from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Nikulino () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 5 km south-west from Tolpukhovo, 19 km north from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Novosyolovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 26 as of 2010. Geography. Novosyolovo is located on the Silunikha River, 24 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zarechnoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Oderikhino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 85 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Oderikhino is located 21 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Energetik is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Martin Montague (born 1977) in Portsmouth, UK is an entrepreneur and author. Early life and education. Martin Montague grew up on several council estates near Portsmouth including Leigh Park, and later Purbrook where he attended Oaklands Roman Catholic School in Waterlooville. Career. Montague started his career as a trainee car salesman in Portsmouth before getting a job as an estate agent. He took evening classes to help with his dyslexia before getting a job with Prudential PFPS as an executive consultant. By the time the company had made its entire direct sales force redundant, he was in the top three sales consultants in the country out of 6,000 staff. In 1999 he was looking to start a virtual and scalable online business and came up with the idea to sell ringtones on the Internet. After the lifecycle for this product finished he started a new software company Symbios Solutions Ltd, which develops revenue optimisation and machine learning technology, servicing more than 3.5m users worldwide. Other companies he founded included a surfwear company that he sold in 2016. He also purchased a distressed bike light manufacturer and invented and patented an accelerometer powered brake light that was subsequently sold in Halfords"}, {"text": "before the company was later sold. ClearWaste application. Montague came up with the idea for ClearWaste to address fly-tipping. He spent over \u00a3250,000 developing the App to help combat the problem. The ClearWaste app and website is linked to every local authority in the UK and gives councils the location with details and photographs of the rubbish to combat fly-tipping. Users can report instantly to the local council by taking a picture and filling in a few details with the app. The app links consumers who have unwanted DIY materials also, allows users to get rid of junk by finding licensed waste companies. Montague reported a rat-infested pile of filth in Mill Hill after receiving reports from the app that resulted in the mess being cleaned up by local authorities at a cost of \u00a3150,000. The rubbish estimated was about 300 lorry loads or around three football pitches. It was reported that due to dump closures and an increase in DIY projects during the coronavirus lockdown figures from ClearWaste showed that overall fly-tipping is increased by 76-80 per cent."}, {"text": "The Selangor royal family consists of the family members of the sultan of Selangor. It currently consists of Sharafuddin of Selangor and his close relations. The sultan and his family belong to the House of Royal Buginese Luwu Opu Daeng Chelak Family. The ruling house had founded the monarchy in 1745 and continues to be in power to this day. Background. Members of Selangor royal family are descendants of the first sultan of Selangor, Salehudin of Selangor. He is the eldest son of Opu Daeng Chelak, one of the five buginese warriors that rose into power in the Johor Sultanate during the Bendahara dynasty. They are considered as the viceregal the \"House of royal buginese riau\" in Riau-Lingga Sultanate, and can trace their ancestry from the \"House of royal buginese luwu\" in Kingdom of Luwu, South Sulawesi. This was proven that Daeng Chelak was the great great grandson of Andi Pattiware\u2019 who was known to be the first ruler of Luwu to converted to Islam. On 5 November 1903, upon ascending the throne as the fifth sultan, Sulaiman of Selangor decreed that all his descendants will carry the hereditary first name \"Tengku\" instead of \"Raja\". The naming tradition was kept"}, {"text": "to this day. Roles. Several members of the royal family are also the members of the Selangor Council of the Royal Court. The council role is to assist the Sultan in carrying out his duty to the state by acting as an advisory body to the sultan. Some members are made \"Orang Besar Istana\" or in English, palace dignitaries, whom are responsible for any engagement involving the palace. Titles and styles. The full title of the sultan of Selangor is \"Sultan dan Yang di-Pertuan Selangor Darul Ehsan Serta Segala Daerah Takluknya\", or in English, The Sultan and Sovereign Ruler of Selangor Abode of Sincerity and its Sovereign Dependencie. The title \"Tengku Ampuan Selangor\" may be conferred to a spouse of the sultan, given that she is of a royal descent. The title \"Tengku Permaisuri Selangor\" can be conferred instead to the spouse that is not of royal descent. The regnal name of the consort of the sultan will be the title, followed by her given name. For example: Tengku Ampuan Rahimah and Tengku Permaisuri Norashikin. The heir apparent is conferred the title \"Raja Muda Selangor\" or in English, the Crown Prince of Selangor. His wife will receive the title \"Raja"}, {"text": "Puan Muda Selangor\" if she is of royal descent. The sultan's mother will receive the title \"Paduka Bonda Raja\" upon his ascension to the throne. For example, Sharafuddin of Selangor's mother is styled \"Paduka Bonda Raja\", Raja Saidatul Ihsan binti Tengku Badar Shah. Members. , the members are:"}, {"text": "Omoforovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 44 as of 2010. Geography. Omoforovo is located 15 km west of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gnusovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Orekhovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Orekhovo is located on the Vezhbolovka River, 28 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gaia Sky is an open-source astronomy visualisation desktop and VR program with versions for Windows, Linux and macOS. It is created and developed by Toni Sagrist\u00e0 Sell\u00e9s in the framework of ESA's Gaia mission to create a billion-star multi-dimensional map of our Milky Way Galaxy, in the Gaia group of the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut (ZAH, Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg). Gaia Sky is a product of the outreach working group of the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium. The software is released under the Mozilla Public License. The inner workings of Gaia Sky are described in detail in the paper \"Gaia Sky: Navigating the Gaia Catalog.\" Gaia Sky offers many advanced features like the stereoscopic (3D), planetarium and panorama renderers. It also works with virtual reality headsets through OpenXR, is fully scriptable with Python and features game controller support that makes it possible to operate it even with a racing wheel. Gaia Sky is used by ESA to aid in the video production of Gaia Data Releases. A video made with Gaia Sky was also featured in the Astronomy Picture of the Day website. Data. The installer packages of Gaia Sky contain the program but no data at all. In order to use Gaia"}, {"text": "Sky, at least a download of the base data package, containing the Solar System with low-resolution textures, is necessary. Gaia Sky offers a built-in download manager which connects to the servers at the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut in Heidelberg to fetch the desired datasets. The downloading and deploying processes are seamless to the user. Several datasets are available, offering higher resolution textures, different cuts of the Gaia eDR3 catalog (up to 1.46 billion stars), other star catalogs such as the Hipparcos catalog, different galaxy maps (dust, HII regions, etc.), nebulae or extragalactic catalogs such as NBG or Sloan Digital Sky Survey. All datasets are specified in JSON files following a comprehensible and well documented format."}, {"text": "Osovets () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 216 as of 2010. Geography. Osovets is located 29 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tsepelevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Parfentyevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 98 as of 2010. Geography. Parfentyevo is located 16 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Koloksha is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Pasynkovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Cherkutinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Pasynkovo is located 37 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Volkovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Perebor () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. Geography. Perebor is located on the Klyazma River, 5 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sobinka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Pesteryugino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Pesteryugino is located 17 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stavrovo is the nearest rural locality. History. At the end of the XIX \u2014 beginning of the XX century the village was a part of Kuznetsovsky volost of Vladimir uyezd, since 1924 it was a part of Stavrovskaya volost. In 1859 there were 38 households in the village, in 1905 \u2014 60 households, in 1926[4] \u2014 51 households. Since 1929 the village was the centre of the Pesteruginsky village council of the Stavrovsky district, since 1932 \u2014 as part of the Yurovsky village council of the Sobinsky district, since 1945 the village is again in the Stavrovsky district, since 1965 \u2014 as part of the Sobinsky district, since 1976 \u2014 as part of the Kurilovsky village council, since 2005 \u2014 Kurilovsky rural settlement."}, {"text": "Petrushino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 32 as of 2010. Geography. Petrushino is located 17 km west of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lapino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Piskutino () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. Piskutino is located on the Yeza River, 45 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stopino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Pogost () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 29 as of 2010. Geography. Pogost is located 25 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zhokhovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Podvyazye () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Podvyazye is located 37 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bukholovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Pushnino () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 10 km north-west from Aserkhovo, 7 km east from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Pushnino () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 10 km south-west from Berezniki, 28 km south from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Milan Komneni\u0107 (; 8 November 1940 \u2013 24 July 2015) was a Serbian poet, translator, essayist and politician. Biography. Komneni\u0107 was born on 8 November 1940 in the village of Pilatovci near Nik\u0161i\u0107 in present-day Montenegro. He edited the literary magazines \"Vidici\", \"Delo\", and \"Relation\", and also worked as an editor in the publishing house \"Prosveta\". He initiated three editions: \"Erotikon\", \"Prosveta\", and \"Hispanoameri\u010dki roman\". He translated works from Italian, French, Spanish and German with over fifty translated books. Komneni\u0107 was also involved in politics in the 1990s. Together with Vuk Dra\u0161kovi\u0107, he participated in the creation of the Serbian Renewal Movement and participated in the 1991 protests in Belgrade against the regime of Slobodan Milo\u0161evi\u0107. He later became Minister of Information of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on 18 January 1999, as a member of the party. He was Minister of Information during the events leading up to the proposed Rambouillet Agreement and the beginning of the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia until he resigned on 25 April 1999. He was briefly the Minister of Culture of the Republic of Serbia in the transitional government of Milomir Mini\u0107 from October 2000 to January 2001. In 2007, he joined the Democratic"}, {"text": "Party. As a poet, he published his first book in 1966. It was a poetry book titled \"No\u0107 pisana no\u0107u\". His first poems tend to renew the unjustly neglected past, while later he turned to anti-poetry. He composed a large number of songs according to the principles of critical neorealism. His poems have been included in several anthologies, and his poetry and essays have been translated into many languages (French, Italian, English, Russian, Slovak, Hungarian, Romanian, Polish, Slovenian and Macedonian). Among other things, he translated from the French original an extensive study by Denis de Rougemont called \"Love in the Western World\". He published twenty-one collections of poems, four books of reviews, two anthologies and more than 200 articles. He was awarded the Mladost Award, Isidora Sekuli\u0107 Award (for his 1975 essay \"Eros i znak\") and the Milan Raki\u0107 Award. Komneni\u0107 died on 24 July 2015. He is interred in the Alley of Distinguished Citizens in the Belgrade New Cemetery."}, {"text": "Rhythm + Flow is a music reality television series on Netflix which premiered on October 9, 2019. It is Netflix's first original music competition program. In the series, prominent hip-hop artists critique, mentor, and judge unsigned rappers, who are competing to win a prize. In several episodes, the judges are joined by guest judges, who give the competitors additional feedback. Season 1 featured artists Cardi B, Chance the Rapper, and T.I. as the main judges. After multiple delays in production, Season 2 began airing on November 20, 2024, with a new panel of judges featuring DJ Khaled, Ludacris, and Latto. Development. \"Rhythm + Flow\" is the first music competition show developed for Netflix. Because Netflix is not subject to the same censorship regulations as normal broadcast television, competitors were not asked to censor profanity in their lyrics. Rather than a recording contract, a typical prize in other music competitions, the winner is awarded a cash prize. Release. The first four episodes of \"Rhythm + Flow\" were released on October 9, 2019, on Netflix. Three more episodes were released on October 16. The final three were released on October 23. In most Netflix series, all episodes of a season are released"}, {"text": "at once. \"Rhythm + Flow\" uses a more staggered release schedule to approximate the format of a traditional music competition show and build anticipation before the winner is announced. Adaptations. Netflix released a French version of the show in June 2022, named \"Nouvelle \u00c9cole\" (which translates to \"New School\") in France and was branded \"Rhythm + Flow France\" in Europe, which consisted of a first season of eight episodes. Judges for this spin-off were Marseille based SCH, Paris based Niska and Bruxelles based Shay. The winner of the first season is , who won by his strong and efficient rap. The single of Fresh from the final \u201cChop\u201d had a real success in France, reaching 43 million views on YouTube. The show was renewed for a second season in July 2022. The second season, which features the same three judges, also consists of eight episodes that started airing in May 2023. An Italian adaptation was announced on June 7, 2023. It was released in February 2024, with judges consisted of Fabri Fibra, Geolier, and Rose Villain. A Polish adaptation of the series was released on May 14, 2025, with Bedoes 2115, Dziarma and Sok\u00f3\u0142 as judges."}, {"text": "Ratmirovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 23 as of 2010. Geography. Ratmirovo is located 32 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rozhdestveno is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Remni () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Remni is located 18 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Meshchera is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Rozhdestveno () is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 700 as of 2010. There are 13 streets. Geography. Rozhdestveno is located 30 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ratmirovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Rukav () is a rural locality (a village) in Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 129 as of 2010. Geography. Rukav is located 22 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yuryevets is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Thomas Hughes (born 28 October 2000) is an English semi-professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bury Town. Club career. He made his debut for the club on 8 October 2019 coming on as a substitute in a 4\u20130 win over Gillingham in the EFL Trophy. He made 3 substitute appearances in both the EFL Trophy and FA Cup during the season. On 12 June 2020 it was announced that Hughes would sign his first professional contract with Ipswich on 1 July 2020, signing a one-year deal with the option of a further year extension. Hughes left the club in January 2023 at the end of his contract and joined King's Lynn Town F.C"}, {"text": "Rybkhoz Vorsha () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 52 as of 2010. Geography. Rybkhoz Vorsha is located on the Vorsha River, 10 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Konino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yelverton National Park is a national park in the South West region of Western Australia, south of Perth. It is located in the local government area of the City of Busselton in the locality of Yelverton, from Busselton and from Margaret River, on the Bussell Highway. The creation of this park out of two reserves, namely a former timber reserve and a crown reserve for water was proposed under the Regional Forest Agreement for the South-West Forest in May 1999 and implemented under the Forrest Management Plan (2004\u20132013). In 2004, the area was declared a national park. It was protected due to its high concentration of rare and priority species and its diverse range of vegetation types. There are no visitor facilities in the park."}, {"text": "Ryzhkovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 24 as of 2010. There are 9 streets. Geography. Ryzhkovo is located 24 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tolpukhovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Rylovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Rylovo is located 12 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nikulino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Semyonovskoye () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 185 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Semyonovskoye is located on the Sodyshka River, 26 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vladimirovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sergeyevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 in 2010. Geography. Sergeyevo is located on the Vorsha River, 14 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rybkhoz Vorsha is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Spasskoye () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 21 in 2010. Geography. The village is located on the Klyazma River, 11 km north-west from Berezniki, 13 km south-west from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Spasskoye () is a rural locality (a selo) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 17 km north-west from Rozhdestveno, 47 km north-west from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Spirino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. Spirino is located on the Vorsha River, 18 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stepankovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Stepanikha () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Stepanikha is located 38 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Chaganovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Stepankovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 32 as of 2010. Geography. Stepankovo is located on the Vorsha River, 17 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Koroyedovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Travis Joel Gary Johnson (born 28 August 2000) is an English professional footballer who most recently played as a right-back for club Crawley Town. He previously played for Crewe Alexandra. Career. Crewe Alexandra. Johnson joined Crewe Alexandra's Academy and signed his first professional contract in the summer of 2018, agreeing a new contract in June 2019. He made his first Crewe start and first-team debut in an EFL Trophy group stage game at Mansfield Town on 8 October 2019, and his league debut on 11 January 2020, coming on as a 68th minute substitute for Nicky Hunt, at Swindon Town. On 13 March 2020, Johnson joined Witton Albion until 25 April 2020. He was offered a new contract in June 2020, and signed a new one-year deal. On 13 May 2021, Crewe announced that it had triggered a contract extension. In November 2021, Johnson suffered an ankle ligament injury during training, ruling him out of first-team action for some weeks. Johnson was initially offered a new contract at the end of the 2021\u201322 season following Crewe's relegation, however this offer was later withdrawn, allowing Johnson to leave the club on a free transfer. Crawley Town. On 20 June 2022, it"}, {"text": "was announced that Johnson was joining EFL League Two club Crawley Town on a two-year contract on 1 July 2022, following the expiry of his contract at Crewe. He was released by Crawley in May 2024."}, {"text": "Stolbishchi () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. Geography. Stolbishchi is located on the Vorsha River, 18 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dubrovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Strukovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 12 as of 2010. Geography. Strukovo is located 29 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Roganovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sulukovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Sulukovo is located 23 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ryzhkovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Taratinka () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010. Geography. Taratinka is located 26 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Burykino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The 1929 Auckland Rugby League season was its 20th. One of the key events of the season was the tour of the South Sydney side. The First Grade Championship was won by Ponsonby who defeated Devonport in the final 5\u20130. Marist won the Thistle Cup for competition points accrued during the second round of matches where they went undefeated. They also won the Roope Rooster trophy after defeating Ponsonby in the final 17\u20139. They weren't finished yet, defeating the same opponent to win the Stormont Shield 28\u201314. This was the second consecutive year that they won both of those trophies. Richmond entered a team into the B Grade which was arguably the first ever 'reserve grade' team in Auckland club rugby league. The B Grade competition was won by Point Chevalier who defeated Otahuhu in the final 13 points to 10. This earned Point Chevalier the right to playoff with Ellerslie who had come last in the A Grade championship losing all 14 of their matches. Ellerslie won the match by 5 points to 0 to remain in A Grade for 1930. Otahuhu beat Point Chevalier 11\u20130 to win the Stallard Cup which had previously been a knockout competition for"}, {"text": "the B Grade, however this season a full round robin was played before the final. Season news and summary. Auckland Rugby League management. The annual report for the completed 1928 season revealed that \u00a33272 was taken in gate receipts from club matches alone at Carlaw Park. The total from all matches was \u00a34573 with \u00a3517 paid to injured players. A further \u00a3609 1s 3d was spent on maintenance and improvement at Carlaw Park. Clubs were also granted \u00a3326 18s 5d and charitable causes received \u00a3142 10s 4d. League assets including Carlaw Park were reported as \u00a310,569 16s 4d, with a consolidated fund of \u00a39810 11s 9d. It was stated prior to the season that Auckland Rugby League would be concentrating much more on the club game and that no representative games would be played during it. This was in response to the 1928 season where a large representative program had been played along with the hosting of the touring England team. The Senior B competition was weakened considerably after the Kingsland team amalgamated with Grafton Athletic and moved up into the A Grade. The Senior B league was also \u2018lowered in status\u2019 with several of the stronger players moving into"}, {"text": "A grade sides. On 23 April \"The New Zealand Herald\" published a lengthy summary of rugby league in Auckland from its beginnings in 1909 to the present day (1929). The Otahuhu Trotting Club wrote to the Auckland Rugby League advising them that the league could make use of two playing grounds on its property on Tennessee Avenue in Mangere East. New clubs and mergers. On 2 April a new club was formed in Papatoetoe after a meeting was held in their town hall. It was decided to field three junior teams though ultimately they only fielded one team in the 6B Grade. This was not the Papatoetoe Panthers club which was formed at a much later date. At a meeting of the Grafton Athletic and Kingsland Rovers League Football Clubs it was decided to amalgamate and become known as Kingsland Athletic. The meeting was attended by 80 members. They decided that their colours would be a maroon jersey with a blue and gold shield. They requested to be placed in the Senior A Grade. A lengthy discussion was held at a management committee meeting before they agreed to accept the team in the A Grade. This made the number of"}, {"text": "teams in the grade 8. Their senior team was coached by former New Zealand captain Bert Avery who had been a playing member of Maritime/Grafton Athletic. Rule changes. A rule change brought in for the beginning of the season was to make each half 40 minutes in length rather than 45 minutes. Another rule change occurred prior to round 5 with alterations to the play-the-ball rule. The idea was the prevent players from playing the ball to the side. Players had been allowed to turn their body and pass the ball from the foot to their own team. \u201cOn occasions the ball travelled but a few feet, which invariably resulted in players of both teams fighting for possessions on the ground. It must be said that too much of the game is wasted with players lying on the ball. Now it is necessary to play the ball, forwards or backwards, past the opposing player. Should it be kicked to the side, all players must stand outside the five yards limit before the ball can be handled by them\u201d. Player losses. An ongoing issue for club league in Auckland, and indeed New Zealand were the continuing losses of top players to"}, {"text": "English clubs. Over three seasons nine players left to join professional English sides. Wigan signed Lou Brown, Ben Davidson and Len Mason, while Wilson Hall played for Leeds, and Roy Hardgrave, Trevor Hall, and Lou Hutt all joined St. Helens. Trevor Hanlon of the Richmond club signed for Broughton Rangers club late in the season. Improvements to Carlaw Park. After a series of very wet matches played at Carlaw Park and many requests for improved changing and washing conditions the Auckland Rugby League met to discuss the matter. They planned to \u201cincrease the showers and add hot water installations\u201d. The Devonport delegate said \u201chis club now shared the expense of a bus, and the team went to the Tepid Baths after each match. Another delegate said that hot water provision was required for curtain-raiser and other teams, which did not desire to leave the ground\u201d. The league decided to begin with the work and complete it by Saturday week. On 9 October the Management Committee met regarding the improvement of accommodation at Carlaw Park. Chairman Mr. George Rhodes said that an extra stand with dressing rooms would cost \u00a312,000 which was money that the league did not have. The existing"}, {"text": "stand was taken up with 800 vice-presidents who gained free entry and so there was little revenue to be gained by adding to this area. He did however say that they were \u201ckeen to assist players in providing better dressing rooms and offices where the League could centralise its business. South Sydney tour. South Sydney became the first ever Australian club to tour New Zealand. They played three matches. Two were played against Marist Old Boys at Carlaw Park on consecutive Saturdays and a midweek game was played against Huntly in Huntly. They were defeated in the first match 10\u20139, before winning the return match 21\u20135. In their loss to Marist Charles Gregory scored all the Marist points through two tries, a conversion and a penalty. For South Sydney Jack Why scored their only try in the first game against Marist, while in their second game which they won Benny Wearing, Carl Eggen, Harry Eyers, and Alf Binder all scored. Monteith Shield (first grade championship). The Round 6 match between Richmond and Kingsland was postponed as Richmond had travelled to Hikurangi to play against the local team which was in its second season. Monteith Shield fixtures. Pre-season fixture. On April"}, {"text": "20 several pre-season matches were played at Carlaw Park involving first grade teams and senior B sides. Newton Rangers defeated Richmond Rovers by 10 points to 0 with Roy Hardgrave scoring a try and kicking a penalty and converting W. Johnstone's try. Ellerslie United surprised Devonport United with a 5-5 draw. Marist Old Boys beat City 5-0, Kingsland Athletic beat Northcote & Birkenhead Ramblers 13-8, and Mount Wellington and Parnell played out a 0-0 draw. The senior B teams involved were Kingsland-Athletic, Parnell, Mount Wellington, and Northcote. Round 1. During the season Craddock Dufty who had starred for Auckland and New Zealand for several seasons fell out with the Newton club and asked for a transfer to Ellerslie. The Management Committee eventually granted the transfer.In the match between Newton and Marist Roy Hardgrave was concussed and had to leave the field. G Rhodes was also concussed later in the match and was taken to the hospital. For City in their match with Kingsland, William McLaughlin broke his nose and had to leave for treatment. Cyril Brimble had moved to Newton from the Manukau rugby club. Cyril moved to Canterbury where he played representative for that province and then after moving"}, {"text": "to Wellington did the same there before his untimely death in his 40s after a vehicle accident. His younger brother Ted Brimble would follow in the following season to Newton. And then in 1935 younger brother Wilfred would also join the ranks of Newton. Another brother Walter played for Manukau league club and all three (Walter, Ted, and Wilfred), would all go on to represent New Zealand. Round 4. Puti Tipene Watene debuted for City after transferring from the Manukau rugby union club and kicked two penalties. He went on to play for them until 1935 before moving to the Manukau club and represented New Zealand from 1930 to 1937. Watene later became an MP for the Labour Party from 1963 to 1967 when he died of a heart attack during a meeting. His great grandson is Dallin Watene-Zelezniak. Round 5. The Devonport win over Richmond was their 100th first grade win in their 20th consecutive year in first grade. To this point they had a 100 win, 12 draw, and 85 loss record. Bill Davis, the Richmond halfback was unavailable after being in a car accident after their game the previous Saturday which hospitalised him. Round 6. Alan Clarke"}, {"text": "was sent off in the Marist v City game for questioning the referee. Richmond's game against Kingsland was postponed as many members of the club were travelling to Hikurangi in Northland to play in a seven a side tournament there. The Richmond senior team won the final 8-5 over the local Hikurangi side. Patrick McCarthy was unable to play in the Devonport forwards as he had a boxing match at the Auckland Town Hall the same night. Round 7. In the match between Marist and Devonport both Courtney (Marist) and Ernest Ruby (Devonport) were sent off for fighting late in the match. For Newton Craddock Dufty refused to play in protest against the non-selection of Wally Somers. As a result Newton cancelled his registration with the club. Somers also decided to retire at this point though he ultimately joined the Ellerslie team for the 1930 season where Dufty moved to. Dufty then signed with Ellerslie where he had moved to earlier in the year. Cook was sent off in Ellerslie\u2019s match for arguing with a referring decision. Round 9. During the week Roy Hardgrave of Newton signed with the St Helens club in England as did Lou Hutt of Ponsonby."}, {"text": "Hardgrave scored Newton's only points in their heavy loss to Hutt's Ponsonby's side. Hardgrave had played for New Zealand against England on their 1928 tour as did Hutt. Hardgrave would play 5 seasons with St Helens, playing 212 games, scoring 173 tries before returning to New Zealand and then signing with York and later Toulouse before returning to New Zealand for good where he finished his career at Mt Albert and later coaching Newton. Lou Hutt played 2 seasons for St Helens before returning to New Zealand and carrying on his career at Ponsonby before a final season in 1936 with Newton. Round 11. Another large crowd of 10,000 was in attendance at the Carlaw Park matches. City secured an upset 17-8 win over competition leaders Devonport. For the Devonport side veteran forward Ernest Ruby broke his nose in a collision. George Perry for City played at outstanding game at five eighths for City in their win. Ray Lawless made his debut in the forward pack for Richmond as a promoted junior but did not become a regular in the senior side for 2 more season. Lou Brown was in attendance, back in New Zealand for a break before returning"}, {"text": "to England to continue playing for Wigan. He was said to be impressed with the City performance. Hector Cole made a rare performance for Ponsonby, replacing Cyril Thompson at five eighth. He had only played 3 games in 1927 and 4 in 1928 following his 15 appearances for New Zealand on their 1926-27 tour of England. The team was short in the backline and he was asked to play having had no training but played well. Round 12. William Shortland, an ex-Maori All Black transferred to City Rovers and made his debut for them. He had previously represented North Auckland at the halfback position. Shortland was said to have played a \u201csterling game, demonstrating that the thirteen-a-side code suited his particular type of play\u201d. Pat Skelton also transferred from rugby where he had been playing five eighth for the Grammar Old Boys club. He joined the Ponsonby side and scored a try on debut and also set up their second try for Bill Skelton (no relation). Their match was originally scheduled to be played on the number one field as a curtain-raiser but was transferred to the number two field as the former was in a poor condition however the"}, {"text": "number two ground \u201csoon became a sea of mud\u201d. The Marist and Ellerslie match at the Auckland Domain was postponed as the field was deemed unfit for play. The condition of Carlaw Park was so bad that it was discussed at the management committee meeting later in the week and it was decided that conditions needed to be improved for players immediately. Round 13. The Minister of Education, Hon. Harry Atmore was present at the Carlaw Park games. In Newton's loss to Devonport their forward Ferguson collided with the goalpost in trying to tackle S Casey as he scored and was taken off with a suspected broken rib. A good crowd gathered at Ellerslie Reserve to watch the local team play Ponsonby on a heavy ground. At Devonport the Newton side arrived with just nine players but managed to use some lower grade players to increase their numbers. They had lost the services of ex-internationals Craddock Dufty, Wally Somers, Trevor Hall, and Roy Hardgrave in recent weeks. Devonport almost took pity on them towards the end of the game and declined to take the conversion attempt to one of their tries. R.D. Revell transferred from Ponsonby to Kingsland during the"}, {"text": "week and debuted for his new side in their win over Richmond. Round 14. Trevor Hanlon, who had played fullback for Richmond since 1924 was signed by Broughton Rangers in England. He was due to depart on the Ruahine on August 21. He played 21 games for Broughton in the 1929-30 season scoring 4 tries. He ended up not being selected in their senior side at all the following season and fell on hard times in England needing financial assistance from Auckland rugby league to return home the following season. Richmond was held scoreless for the third consecutive match. The match at Mt Wellington was the first ever senior match played there making it the 23rd venue for senior rugby league matches in Auckland since 1908. Postponed round 12 match. With their win at the Auckland Domain, Marist won the Thistle Cup which was awarded to the team with the best record in the second round of the championship. Aside from that trophy the game was of no real consequence and there was talk of not playing it but Ellerslie turned out with several juniors. They competed quite well in the first half but in the second half were getting"}, {"text": "routed before the match was ended early. Dick Moisley who generally played in the forwards turned out at fullback for them with Hec Brisbane and Charles Gregory partnered in the five eighths, outside halfback Wilf Hassan. Ellerslie fielded new players Scott at fullback and brought up their third grade hooker, Arthur, to compete with future New Zealand hooker, Gordon Campbell. He was said to have performed well under the circumstances. Postponed round 6 match. The Round 6 match which was postponed saw Richmond default to Kingsland. Championship Final. An enormous crowd of 11,000 turned out to watch the final. Typically the championship was decided without the need for a final but with the teams level one was required to find the winner. It was played in sunshine and intermittent rain but the players were in ankle deep mud. Frank Delgrosso captained the Ponsonby side from first five eighth to their fifth championship. Devonport had been seeking to go back to back after winning the 1928 title which was their third. George Gardiner played a strong game for the winners and scored their only try. Roope Rooster knockout competition. Marist won the Roope Rooster for the second consecutive year after defeating"}, {"text": "Ponsonby 17\u20139 in the final. Round 1. Arnold Berridge joined Richmond after transferring from rugby where he had been an Auckland representative player. Berridge played 16 games for Auckland from 1927 to 1929 and then moved back to rugby union the following season and played 12 more times for Auckland from 1930 to 1933. He kicked 4 penalties on debut against Devonport in a 17\u201312 victory. For Richmond, the 28 year old representative soccer player Albert Whowell also took the field and basically said that he didn't know much about the league game but said he'd \"give it a fly\". In the match between Ponsonby and Newton, Harvey White (the Ponsonby fullback) had to leave the field with a broken collarbone early in the second half and was taken to Auckland Hospital by Ambulance. Hammond then left the field with an injured neck and went to hospital and Ken Peckham followed him soon after, also injured and needing to go to hospital. At the end of the match the well known Ponsonby forward Dooley Moore dislocated his knee. Ken Peckham's brother Tim Peckham debuted for Richmond when he came on for Agnew before halftime who was injured. Puti Tipene Watene"}, {"text": "arrived late for City but came on after quarter of an hour to play in their backline bringing their number to 13. A player named Smith was promoted for Devonport from their juniors to play at fullback and was said to have struggled. It was most likely this was 18 year old Dick Smith who (officially) debuted for their senior side two years later and would go on to represent New Zealand. Semi final. For Marist, their winger McDonald scored one of their five tries. He was an ex-Poverty Bay rugby representative. City rallied well to tie the scores at 7-7 before Marist ran away with it. George Batchelor the Marist winger scored a spectacular try from halfway rounding several City backs and then swerved infield to score under the posts. For City, Joe Hadley went off with a sprained ankle and then 25 year old William Shortland, a well known M\u0101ori rugby player from Northland who had joined the side during the year was concussed and left the field. He was taken to Auckland Hospital by ambulance but his condition was not serious. For Marist Wilf Hassan at halfback played very well. As well as going on to represent"}, {"text": "New Zealand he became the two time New Zealand diving champion in the early 1930's. Final. It was charity day at Carlaw Park and despite there being other attractions on a significant crowd of 7,000 turned up at Carlaw Park for the Roope Rooster final. Marist won their second consecutive Roope Rooster trophy following their 1928 win which was their first. Their current and future internationals Charles Gregory, Jim O'Brien, Alan Clarke, Wilf Hassan scored their tries along with centre Phil Brady. Ponsonby scored three unconverted tries in response. After George Gardiner scored early in the second half Frank Delgrosso missed and easy conversion and then Ponsonby winger Scholfield scored to level the scores with Pat Skelton missing the conversion to give them the lead. Marist then retook the lead with a try to Alan Clarke with Wilf Hassan rounding things off with another try. Of the eight tries scored only one conversion was landed. Delgrosso was said to have played an uncharacteristically poor game at fullback after being injured early in the game. Towards the end he transferred up to the five eighths. Also late in the game tempers began to flare between the teams and Dooley Moore, the"}, {"text": "versatile Ponsonby player, today at halfback, was said to have pulled H Duane around and when Duane retaliated by throwing punches Duane was sent off. Stormont Memorial Shield. Frank Delgrosso the Ponsonby captain went off in the second half with an injured knee which he had suffered the previous week in their Roope Rooster final loss. He was replaced in the position by Dooley Moore who left the forward pack. When Charles Gregory saw that Moore had moved to the position he repeatedly kicked deep and Moore struggled to get to the ball. George Batchelor the Marist winger scored four tries, one of which was a penalty try after he was held back by Winters. In this era such tries were awarded to the obstructed player. A McIntyre, the Ponsonby halfback injured his ankle and required treatment after the game. Marist also suffered from injuries and regular players Hec Brisbane, Jock Graham, and Dick Moisley all were unavailable. The only Ponsonby player who had been unavailable was Bill Skelton through injury. Jim Johnson made a return to the Marist forward pack after an absence and he was joined by Fleet, a Ponsonby rugby senior who had played 6 games for"}, {"text": "them during the year. Top try scorers and point scorers. Top try and point scorers for A Division, Roope Rooster and Stormont Shield matches. Phil Brady of Marist Old Boys (Saints) was the top try scorer with 13 closely followed by A. Schofield and A.S. McIntyre of Ponsonby who both scored 12. B grade standings and results. The Round 5 match between Northcote and M\u0101ngere resulted in a win to the former team but the actual score was not stated. The standings include the final played between \u014ct\u0101huhu and Point Chevalier, won by the latter by 13 points to 10. Senior B grade fixtures. In the first round of the season M\u0101ngere began their match with \u014ct\u0101huhu with just ten players, though had reached thirteen near halftime. It was the first time league had been played on the newly acquired M\u0101ngere Domain. On 8 May at the Management Committee meeting Northcote requested that the opening round match in the Senior B competition be awarded to them on account of Richmond B defaulting. However the league said that the match would be replayed at the end of the season if it would affect the outcome of the competition. The Round 8"}, {"text": "match between Otahuhu and Point Chevalier was held at Papatoetoe at the Papatoetoe Recreation Ground which was the first senior match played in the area. Around 1,000 spectators turned up to watch the match. Otahuhu won a close fought match 10\u20136. After Round 10 was completed the Auckland Rugby League decided that the match between Point Chevalier and Otahuhu would decide the championship. The match was played on Carlaw Park and saw Point Chevalier win by 13 points to 10. Senior A/Senior B promotion-relegation match. Ellerslie had come last in the A Grade for the second year in a row. Though unlike the previous season where they had won 3 matches in 1929 they were winless after battling injuries and the loss of players. However they managed to defeat Point Chevalier, who had won the B Grade by 5 points to 0 and thus remain in the A Grade for the 1930 season. McPherson, a forward for Point Chevalier suffered a leg injury with an artery said to be severed but he was later discharged from Auckland Hospital. For Ellerslie Craddock Dufty played his first game for about a month and kicked a penalty. The only try of the game"}, {"text": "was scored by Ellerslie's Arthur. Lower grades and exhibition games. Lower grades. Richmond won the Davis Shield for lower grade points accumulated once again. They would dominate this trophy throughout the 1920s and 30s. Lower grade competitions. Second Grade. Devonport won the championship after sealing it in round 14 with a 12-0 win over Kingsland. Mount Albert finished runner up just 1 point behind. Mount Albert won the knockout competition when they defeated Devonport on September 28. Mangere had entered a team in the competition but withdrew after defaulting their first two games. The amalgamated New Lynn and Glen Eden club (Glen Lynn) entered a team in the knockout competition, drawing with Newton 6-6, before losing to Ponsonby 18-0. The knockout competition was won by Mount Albert United. Third grade open (Hayward Shield). Richmond won the championship after they beat Glen Lynn in the final by 2 points to 0 a Carlaw Park on August 17. Richmond also won the knockout competition with a 18-0 win over Ellerslie in the final on September 21. They had beaten Ponsonby B by default a week earlier while Ellerslie had upset Kingsland 11-5 in the other. Ellerslie had surprisingly made it to the"}, {"text": "final after only winning two matches during the championship. The majority of the results were reported and the final standings were published in the newspaper which was very unusual in these early decades. Third grade intermediate. The championship was won by Devonport, 3 points ahead of Akarana. The knockout competition was won by Newmarket 7 to 6 on September 28, though the score was also reported as 10-6. Devonport had beaten City by default in one semi final while Newmarket won the other semi final 12-2 against Akarana. Newton entered a team in the competition but they withdrew without playing a game, while Mount Albert withdrew after 10 rounds having only played 7 games. Fourth grade (Hospital Cup). Devonport won the championship undefeated with 16 wins from 16 games, scoring 356 points and only conceding 32. Richmond were runners up 9 further points back. Devonport reportedly won the knockout competition when they beat Richmond 12-5 in the final on October 19. Devonport had won their semi final 6-0 over Akarana, while Richmond beat Kingsland 7-6 in the other semi final. However the Sun newspaper reported that Akarana won the knockout competition on March 29, 1930. Mt Wellington withdrew from the"}, {"text": "championship after 9 rounds while Remuera withdrew also after playing 9 games but in the 12 rounds having defaulted for 3 weeks. Fifth grade (Endean Shield). Richmond won the championship and also the knockout competition. They defeated Marist 14-9 in the knockout final on 21 September following a semi final win over Point Chevalier by 14 points to 4 while Marist had beaten Kingsland in the other semi final. Otahuhu had initially entered a side but failed to take the field and withdrew after round 1. A table was published in the newspapers after 7 rounds however many of the results in the second half of the season were not reported so the final standings are incomplete. Sixth grade A (Walker Shield). Richmond won the championship ahead of Otahuhu and Marist. Otahuhu won the knockout competition when they beat Richmond 11-6 in the final on October 12. Otahuhu had beaten City in one semi final while Richmond beat Kingsland 11-0 in the other semi final. The standings were reported after 8 rounds but the final standings were not reported and many results were also not reported so the following table is incomplete. Sixth grade B (Myers Cup). Richmond B won"}, {"text": "the championship with a remarkable point scoring record of 657 points scored with the majority of their wins coming at 0 points conceded. They also won the Milicich knockout final when they beat Northcote 16-2 on September 28. They had beaten Newton 5-3 in their semi final, while Northcote defeated Point Chevalier 2-0 in the other semi final. The championship standings were reported after 8 rounds and again at the conclusion of the season. The team featured future New Zealand international Noel Bickerton. Schoolboys competition. Newmarket won the championship. They also won the knockout competition when they beat Mangere 25-5 in the final on October 12. At the end of the season in early November a seven team knockout tournament was held at Carlaw Park with proceeds going to the purchase of jerseys. Newmarket defeated Mangere in the final by 6 points to 0 to complete a remarkable season for the side. Exhibition and junior representative matches. The Auckland Junior representative side that played South Auckland included future Kiwi Albert Laing, and Auckland representative cricket wicket keeper Horace Hunt. The full side was as follows: Albert Laing (Devonport), B. Munroe (Mount Albert), G Jacobs (Mount Wellington), H. Tate (Devonport), T"}, {"text": "Davis (Richmond), C. Dunn (Richmond), F. Martin (Kingsland), Harvey White (Ponsonby), D. Kirwan (Mount Albert), Horace Hunt (Devonport), Herb Lunn (Ponsonby), H. Forbes (Kingsland), J. Hawkes (Devonport). Reserves: J. Ragg (Newton), C. Jamieson, K. Sheddon (Remuera), F. Joy (Newton), F. Hemmingson (Grey Lynn). Representative season. The selectors for the season were the same as last year, Edwin V. Fox, Ernie Asher, and Bert Avery. The Auckland team played three matches and defended the Northern Union Challenge Cup against South Auckland, Northland, and Canterbury. Auckland played three matches between July 27 and August 24, all for the Northern Union Challenge Cup. They saw them defeat South Auckland in a hard-fought 11\u20138 result, the newly formed Northland representative team by a narrow 22\u201319 margin, and Canterbury comfortably by 47 points to 18. The representative season was finished with a match between the North Island and South Island won by the latter 22 to 13. Unlike in previous years the North Island team featured several players from outside of Auckland, mainly from the Waikato region. Representative fixtures. Auckland v South Auckland (Northern Union Cup). W. Shortland had been named to play for Auckland but was left out of the side at the last"}, {"text": "minute as he was not eligible to play. The reason being that he had only recently switched codes and had not played 3 matches yet for his club. Huatahi Paki (who is pictured) broke his ribs during the match. Lindsay Simons, who was on debut for Auckland at fullback went off injured with Frank Delgrosso moving into that position and Ted Mincham coming on in his Auckland debut. Auckland won the match narrowly by 11 points to 8 before a crowd of 10,000 at Carlaw Park. Auckland v Northland (Northern Union Cup). The Northland team was coached by Maurice Wetherill and included Ted Meyer as captain who went on to become a New Zealand representative in 1930. He had previously played rugby union for North Auckland and the North Island. Puti Tipene (Steve) Watene was on debut for Auckland. Victor Fagan, the Ponsonby forward also made his one and only appearance for Auckland. His son Jack Fagan was Kiwi #401 and played 17 tests for New Zealand from 1961 to 1965. Auckland v Canterbury (Northern Union Cup). The Canterbury side was coached by former Ponsonby, Auckland, and New Zealand player, Thomas McClymont. Inter island match. Len Scott was injured during"}, {"text": "the match and replaced by Allan Seagar for the North Island while for the South Island Jim Sanders was injured and replaced by Doogan. In past years the North Island team was dominated by players from the Auckland competition however the North Island team on this occasion featured players from outside Auckland such as Dick Trautvetter, Bob Stephenson, Joe Menzies and Tom Timms from the Waikato (South Auckland) side, and Ted Meyer and T Bergan from Northland."}, {"text": "Teplinovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Teplinovo is located on the Vezhbolovka River, 14 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dubrovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Aregen is a \"tabia\" or municipality in the Dogu'a Tembien district of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. The \"tabia\" centre is in Addi Gotet village, located approximately to the west-southwest of the \"woreda\" town Hagere Selam. Geography. The \"tabia\" occupies an elongated ridge between the gorges of Upper Tanqwa and Tsech'i Rivers. The highest peak is near Aregen village ( a.s.l.) and the lowest place at the confluence of the two rivers ( a.s.l.). Geology. From the higher to the lower locations, the following geological formations are present: Geomorphology and soils. The main geomorphic units, with corresponding soil types are: Climate. The rainfall pattern shows a very high seasonality with 70 to 80% of the annual rain falling in July and August. Mean temperature in Addi Gotet is 18 \u00b0C, oscillating between average daily minimum of 10 \u00b0C and maximum of 25.7 \u00b0C. The contrasts between day and night air temperatures are much larger than seasonal contrasts. Springs. As there are no permanent rivers, the presence of springs is of utmost importance for the local people. The main spring in the \"tabia\" is Gubarne in Kelkelay. Reservoirs. In this area with rains that last only for a couple of months"}, {"text": "per year, reservoirs of different sizes allow harvesting runoff from the rainy season for further use in the dry season. Settlements. The \"tabia\" centre Addi Gotet holds a few administrative offices, a health post, a primary school, and some small shops. There are a few more primary schools across the \"tabia\". The main other populated places are: Agriculture and livelihood. The population lives essentially from crop farming, supplemented with off-season work in nearby towns. The land is dominated by farmlands which are clearly demarcated and are cropped every year. Hence the agricultural system is a permanent upland farming system. The farmers have adapted their cropping systems to the spatio-temporal variability in rainfall. History and culture. Caves and archaeological sites. The Dabo Zellelew cave at the west of Aregen at a height of about 2000 metres, has been explored over 14.4 m but its distance is claimed to be way longer (). It contains lithic tools, potsherds, engravings and paintings of Pastoral Neolithic age. The Mihdar Ab\u2019ur cave in the village of Mahba at a height of about 2500 metres, is some 64 m long (). It contains engravings and paintings of Pastoral Neolithic age. History. The history of the \"tabia\""}, {"text": "is strongly confounded with the history of Tembien. Religion and churches. Most inhabitants are Orthodox Christians. The following churches are located in the \"tabia\": \"Inda Siwa\", the local beer houses. In the main villages, there are traditional beer houses (\"Inda Siwa\"), often in unique settings, which are a good place for resting and chatting with the local people. Most renown in the \"tabia\" are Roads and communication. The main road Mekelle \u2013 Hagere Selam \u2013 Abiy Addi runs just east of the \"tabia\". In Maygua there are regular bus services to these towns. Further, a rural access road links Addi Gotet to the main asphalt road. Tourism. Its mountainous nature and proximity to Mekelle makes the \"tabia\" fit for tourism. Geotouristic sites. The high variability of geological formations and the rugged topography invites for geological and geographic tourism or \"geotourism\". Geosites in the \"tabia\" include: Trekking routes. Trekking routes have been established in this \"tabia\". The tracks are not marked on the ground but can be followed using downloaded .GPX files. Accommodation and facilities. The facilities are very basic. One may be invited to spend the night in a rural homestead or ask permission to pitch a tent. Hotels are"}, {"text": "available in Hagere Selam and Mekelle."}, {"text": "The members of the fifteenth National Assembly of South Korea were elected on 11 April 1996. The Assembly sat from 30 May 1996 until 29 May 2000."}, {"text": "The Catalan Labour, Economic and Social Affairs Council (CTESC) is a consultative and advisory body to the Government of Catalonia in socioeconomic, labour and occupational matters. It was created under Law 3/1997, of May 16, and Law 7/2005, of June 8, developed by Decree 43/2007 of February 20 and by the Internal Regulation, which established its new regulatory framework. Functions. The main function of the Council is to issue mandatory, non-binding opinions, prior to the corresponding procedure, on the draft bills and draft legislative decrees that regulate socio-economic, labour and employment matters. The council also prepares annual reports reflecting its considerations regarding the socioeconomic and labour situation in Catalonia and the situation of self-employed workers in Catalonia. Composition. Article 3 of Law 7/2005, of June 8, of the Catalan Labour, Economic and Social Affairs Council and article 4 of Decree 43/2007, of February 20, on the development of the Law, provide that the Council is composed of thirty-seven members, distributed as follows: Organs. The bodies of the Catalan Labour, Economic and Social Council, in accordance with the provisions of article 6 of Law 7/2005 and article 5 of Decree 43 / 2007, are the following ones:"}, {"text": "Teterino () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. Geography. Teterino is located on the Kolochka River, 33 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Buzakovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Paap (English: Sin) is an Indian Bengali-language family drama-murder mystery directed by Anupam Hari which started streaming on popular Bengali OTT platform hoichoi from 2 October 2019. The series stars Puja Banerjee who made her debut in Bengali web series through this web series. The series also features Saheb Bhattacharya, Solanki Roy, Rahul Banerjee, Ishani Das, Rajat Ganguly, Bhaswar Chattopadhyay, Rupsa Dasgupta, Priyanka Mondal, Indrajit Chakraborty in the key roles. Durga Puja is the most important festival for Bengalis, where all the family members meet and enjoy this precious festival together. The actual meaning of the Bengali word \u2018Paap\u2019 is \u2018Sin\u2019. The series is based on an ancient Durga Puja celebration of a family, where all members and relatives of the family have come to become a part of the celebration. Meanwhile, an unwanted guest comes who had a mysterious past life and have some long-kept secrets about the family. At the same time, two dead bodies are discovered in the house and the puja house becomes a crime scene and there are many mysteries to unveil. Season 1 (2019). On 28 September 2019 on the day of Mahalaya, hoichoi released the trailer of the series.Paap was released on 2"}, {"text": "October 2019 with five episodes. Season 2 (2021). On 4 June 2021 hoichoi released the second season of the original web series. The second season has been called as the \"Antim Pawrbo\" (Last Chapter). In this season hoichoi released five new episodes. In this season, the cast almost remained same like the first season except Tiya, which is now played by Mishmee Das while Solanki Roy in first. Also, this time the season is directed by Joydeep Mukherjee."}, {"text": "Tolpukhovo () is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 782 as of 2010. There are 16 streets. Geography. Tolpukhovo is located 22 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ryzhkovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Counterfeiters () is a 1940 German crime film directed by Hermann Pfeiffer and starring Kirsten Heiberg, Rudolf Fernau and Karin Himboldt. The film's sets were designed by the art director Max Mellin. It was shot at the Babelsberg and Tempelhof Studios in Berlin, and on location in Tirol."}, {"text": "Turino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2010. Geography. Turino is located on the Vezhbolovka River, 20 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dubrovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "\"I Sucked a Lot of Cock to Get Where I Am\" is a song by Australian rock band Regurgitator, lifted from the band's debut studio album \"Tu-Plang\". The song was not commercially released in Australia; however, a 7\" vinyl single was released in US in October 1996 and in the UK in 1998. The song was attacked by Australian radio broadcaster Alan Jones, who campaigned to have it removed from youth radio station Triple J's playlist. Christian groups also expressed outrage at the song. The song remains a fan favourite. The song ranked at number 23 on Triple J's Hottest 100 in 1996. Ben Ely said \"I loved his idea of intense lyrical ideas with almost sweet pop melodies.\" Quan Yeomans said \"I guess the main inspiration for this tune was probably our recent signing to the record company. I recall Warner 'loving' the song but being a bit apprehensive about leaving the title as it was. I believe they bandied other more palatable titles about, \"Rinsing\" comes to mind\u2013but inevitably caved into our infantile demands.\" Reception. In 2019, Tyler Jenke from The Brag ranked Regurgitator's best songs, with \"I Sucked a Lot of Cock to Get Where I Am\""}, {"text": "coming it at number 5. Jenke said \"Describing an attitude of doing anything to reach the top, 'I Sucked a Lot of Cock to Get Where I Am' remains as one of Regurgitator's breakthrough hits, proving they can make memorable, catchy rock that resonates with fans everywhere \u2013 despite the questionable language\" Andrew Stafford, in \"Pig City\", said, \"The sarcasm was cheap, but so indelible was the melody, it logged hours more Triple J airplay for the band, to only minor outrage, even as radio announcers were forbidden to introduce the song by its full name.\" References."}, {"text": "Turovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. Turovo is located 31 km southeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kosmino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Stefan Solt\u00e9sz (born Istv\u00e1n Solt\u00e9sz, ; 6 January 1949 \u2013 22 July 2022) was a Hungarian-born Austrian conductor. Trained in Vienna, from 1997 to 2013 he was artistic director of the Aalto Theatre and in Essen, leading the opera house to international recognition. Life. Solt\u00e9sz was born as Istv\u00e1n Solt\u00e9sz () in Ny\u00edregyh\u00e1za, Hungary, on 6 January 1949 and received piano lessons from age four. He came to Vienna in 1956, where he became a member of the Wiener S\u00e4ngerknaben at age ten. He studied piano, conducting and composition at the Wiener Musikakademie beginning at age 14, conducting with Hans Swarowsky. In 1971 he began his career as Kapellmeister at the Theater an der Wien, followed by engagements as r\u00e9p\u00e9titeur and conductor, at the Vienna State Opera from 1973 to 1983, and as guest conductor at the Graz Opera from 1979 to 1981. At the Salzburg Festivals of 1978, 1979 and 1983, he worked as a musical assistant to Karl B\u00f6hm, Christoph von Dohn\u00e1nyi and Herbert von Karajan. Solt\u00e9sz was conductor at the Hamburg State Opera from 1983 to 1985, and at the Deutsche Oper Berlin from 1985 to 1997. He worked as Generalmusikdirektor (GMD) at the Staatstheater Braunschweig from"}, {"text": "1988 to 1993, and as chief conductor at the Flemish Opera from 1992 to 1997 in Antwerp and Gent. From 1997 until the end of the 2012/13 season, Solt\u00e9sz was both artistic director and GMD of the Aalto-Theater in Essen. The opera house was voted \"Opera House of the Year\" by \"Opernwelt\" in 2008, and the Essen Philharmonic orchestra was named \"Orchestra of the Year\" in 2003 and 2008. Solt\u00e9sz was a regular guest conductor at the European opera houses such as the Vienna State Opera, the Bavarian State Opera, Oper Frankfurt, Teatro dell'Opera di Roma, the Budapest State Opera, the Teatr Wielki in Warsaw, the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow and the Grand Th\u00e9\u00e2tre de Gen\u00e8ve. He made guest appearances at the Paris Opera and the Zurich Opera House, Het Muziektheater in Amsterdam, the Teatro Massimo Bellini in Catania, at the Bilbao Opera, at the Teatro Col\u00f3n in Buenos Aires, in Japan, Taiwan, at the Washington and San Francisco Opera, and the Royal Opera House. He conducted at festivals such as Festival de Radio France et Montpellier, Aix-en-Provence Festival and Savonlinna, the Baden-Baden Pfingstfestspiele, Anima Mundi in Pisa, the Tongyeong Festival in Korea and the Glyndebourne Festival. On 22 July"}, {"text": "2022, Solt\u00e9sz collapsed while conducting a performance of Richard Strauss\u2019s \"Die schweigsame Frau\" at the National Theatre Munich. He subsequently died at a nearby hospital at the age of 73. Personal life. Solt\u00e9sz was married to Michaela Selinger, a mezzo soprano. Recordings. Solt\u00e9sz conducted recordings such as excerpts from Puccini's \"La Boh\u00e8me\", Giuseppe Gazzaniga's \"Don Giovanni\" and Alexander von Zemlinsky's \"Der Kreidekreis\", as well as arias and songs with Grace Bumbry, Lucia Popp and Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau. In 2010, he recorded the Alban Berg's \"Lulu\" Suite and Hans Werner Henze's \"Appassionatamente plus\" with the Essen Philharmonic and soprano Julia Bauer, as part of the Ruhr being European Capital of Culture in 2010. The album was nominated for Grammy and ICMA awards."}, {"text": "Central Bosnian culture () was a cultural group that emerged during the Bronze and Iron Ages. This group inhabited the upper and mid course areas of the Vrbas river (up to Jajce) and the Bosna river (up to Zenica, but excluding the Sarajevo plain), and constituted an independent cultural and ethnic community. Hillfort-type settlements were typical of this group and were often located close to major areas of cultivable land. The standard of housing in these settlements was high. Around 120 hill forts belonging to this culture have been identified in the area of Central Bosnia. This group is commonly associated with the later Illyrian tribe of Daesitiates. Periodization. The Central Bosnian culture coexisted with the Glasinac culture. One of the most significant sites of this group is Fortress Pod in Bugojno. Fortress Pod has been declared a national monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Stratified material found in Fortress Pod, as well as other fortified settlements, helped define this cultural group of the late Bronze Age. Archaeologist identified 7 phases of this cultural group. Phase 1 was from middle of 11th to 8th century BC and Phase 2 was from 750/725 until 625/650 BC. Phases 3 and 4 that lasted"}, {"text": "from 625/650 till 450 BC were characterized by big fortifications like those in La\u0161va, Kiseljak and in Sarajevo field. This period is marked by increased use of iron. These period saw development of fortress Pod and Debelo Brdo which were important factor in the economy of wider area. From 450 to 300 BC pottery mainly retained its style, but there is influence from Glasinac culture and early Celtic types of jewelry, buckles, rings and other items. This was a result of increased trading connections between the valleys of rivers Bosna and Vrbas to Pannonian plain and also between the valley of Neretva that was open to Adriatic Sea. Final phase laster from 3 to 1 BC that saw rapid shift to incineration of the dead. Necropolis Kamenja\u010da in Breza contained urns and other items from Central Bosnian culture, but also Celtic and Hellenistic artifacts. There is possibility that Kamenja\u010da was a cult place. Artifacts. Pottery had characteristic Western Balkan geometric style of late Bronze Age. It is characterized with strict symmetry and abstract art. There are numerous artifacts pointing to developed metallurgy. This culture had access to copper, gold, lead, silver and iron ore in Central Bosnia. Right up until"}, {"text": "the beginning of 3rd century BC burial of the dead was common practice as evidenced by Warriors tomb in Vratnica, Visoko from 4th century."}, {"text": "The North Adelaide Football Club (1888) originally known as the Hotham Football Club prior to 1888 was an Australian rules football club based in North Adelaide, South Australia. It participated in the South Australian Football Association for two seasons. In the 1887 SAFA season as Hotham and the 1888 SAFA season as North Adelaide playing most of its matches at Kensington and Adelaide Ovals. In 1889 the Club merged with the Adelaide Football Club. Early History (1879 - 1885). First recorded games of a club called Hotham were in 1879 against teams called Locomotives and St Peter's Cathedral. On Saturday 26 July 1879, Hothams defeated a North Parks Second Twenty which resulted in a victory for them by one goal kicked by C. Presgrave to nil. For the winners Harkness, Connell, Woodcock, Everard, and Clarke played best. An Annual General meeting was held at Wednesday 16 March 1881 at Princess Royal Hotel, North Adelaide during which it was agreed that they retain their Dark Blue Colours from the previous season. At an Annual General meeting held at the Scotch Thistle Hotel, North Adelaide (Changed name to the Cathedral Hotel in 1925) on 7 April 1884 of the Hotham and Triton"}, {"text": "Football Clubs it was agreed that the Clubs would merge under the Hothams. The following officers were then elected : \u2014 Patron, Mr. W. Bundey (Mayor of Adelaide); President, Mr. A. S. Devenish : Vice- Presidents \u2014 Messrs. G. Fuse, J. J. Hardy, C. S. Leader, G. Bickle, W. H.Woodcock, E. R. Simpson, W. Goldsworthy, J. F. Conigrave, T. Trathen, W. Cornell, and G.Downs, Drs. Nesbitt, Stirling, and Cawley; Captain, R. Crown: Vice-Captain, W. Charters; Secretary, S. Rickard; Assistant Secretary, W. Hammond; Treasurer, T. Turner; Committee\u2014Captain, Secretary, Treasurer, and Messrs. Blackman, Hammond, Wilson, and Hall; Association Delegates\u2014 Messrs. Blackman, F. Rickard, and S. Rickard. At annual general meeting held at Huntsman Hotel, North Adelaide, on 4 March 1885, it was reported out of 12 games \u2013 there were 5 wins and 7 losses. Adelaide and Suburban Association Premiers 1885-1886. The club was premiers of the Adelaide and Suburban Association in 1885 (winning all 12 games played) and 1886 after defeating Creswick in a Premiership Playoff. 1886 Adelaide and Suburban Association Premiership Playoff - Saturday 11 September 1886 - Hotham 3-5 defeated Creswick 1-8 at Adelaide Oval. (Crowd 700) SAFA 1887-1888. At a meeting held on 13 March 1888, after adopting"}, {"text": "a recommendation to merge with the Ariel Club, it was also unanimously agreed by members to also renamed the club from Hotham to North Adelaide for 1888 season. The club would also add a blue hoop to their red and white guernseys and wear blue and white hose (so as not to clash with the new club Medindie whose colours were also Red and White). They were also strengthen by the inclusion of several members of the old 1887 West Adelaide whose colours had also been Red, White and Blue. Merger with Adelaide and Resignation from SAFA (1889 - 1894). At North Adelaide\u2019s Annual General Meeting on 13 March 1889 it was resolved for officials to have merger discussions with the Medindie Club which had joined the SAFA the previous season. On 22 March 1889 at a special meeting held at the Builders' Exchange, Greeham Street, in adjoining rooms the Adelaide Football Club and Hotham North Adelaide Club both met. It was unanimously decided at each meeting that the two clubs should unite as one body. The merged club retained the name Adelaide and red and black as its colours. The Adelaide Club, which was originally formed as a new"}, {"text": "Senior Club in the SAFA from a merger of the North Adelaide Juniors and North Park Football Clubs in 1885, would later resign from the SAFA before the commencement of the 1894 Season. SAFA Honour Roll. 1887 Leading Goalkicker - Hosken (13 goals) 1887 - 1888 Captain - Jack Reedman Notable Player Jack 'Dinny' Reedman. Notable player for the club was the Captain for the 1887 and 1888 Seasons - Jack 'Dinny' Reedman. He moved to South Adelaide when Notham/North Adelaide merged with Adelaide for 1889. He also played and Captained North Adelaide Football Club (including Premierships in 1900, 1902 and 1905) and was a successful Coach at West Adelaide Football Club. Reedman held the SANFL games record of 319 until 1970. In 1996, he was inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame in 1996 and in 2002, he was inducted into the South Australian Football Hall of Fame. Reedman also played and Captain South Australia in Cricket and played one Test for Australia against England in the 1894-95 Season."}, {"text": "Uvarovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The village had a population of 16 in 2010. Geography. Uvarovo is located 12 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Fyodorovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Axel Monj\u00e9 (1910 \u2013 1962) was a German stage and film actor."}, {"text": "This is a list of the Turkey national football team results from 2010 to 2019."}, {"text": "Ugor () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 221 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Ugor is located on the Koloksha River, 16 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Khryastovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "is a Japanese field hockey player who plays as a forward for Japanese national team. Personal life. Kota Watanabe studies in the College of Business Administration at Ritsumeikan University. Career. National teams. Under\u201321. In 2015, Watanabe made his debut for the Japan under\u201321 side at the Junior Asia Cup. The team finished fourth, qualifying for the Junior World Cup. Following the Junior Asia Cup, Watanabe represented the side again at the 2016 Junior World Cup in Lucknow, India, where the team finished in thirteenth place. Senior national team. Kota Watanabe made his senior international debut in 2016 at the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup in Ipoh, where the team came last. Following his debut in 2016, Watanabe has been a regular inclusion in the Japanese team. His most prominent performance came in the 2018, at the Asian Games in Jakarta. At the tournament, the team won a gold medal, qualifying directly to the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Adelaide Fire. In 2019, Watanabe was signed to the Adelaide Fire hockey team to compete in the inaugural tournament of the Sultana Bran Hockey One League, Australia's new premier domestic competition."}, {"text": "Ugryumikha () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 18 as of 2010. Geography. Ugryumikha is located 15 km south of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dubrovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Undolsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 409 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Undolsky is located 9 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lakinsk is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Acacia cretata is a shrub or tree belonging to the genus \"Acacia\" and the subgenus \"Juliflorae\" that is native to north eastern Australia. Description. The shrub tree typically grows to a maximum height of with a single stem and a rounded top. It has smooth grey coloured bark that becomes rough and fibrous with age. The flattened and stout glabrous branchlets are mostly angular and a brownish crimson colour often with a fine white powdery coating. Like most species of \"Acacia\" it has phyllodes rather that true leaves. The coriaceous and evergreen phyllodes have an elliptic to obliquely narrowly elliptic shape that narrows swiftly into the broad pulvinus. The flat and falcate phyllodes have a length of and a width of and have a hooked apex with two or three prominent main veins. It blooms between July and September producing golden flowers. The cylindrical flower-spikes have a length of and are covered with bright yellow flowers. After flowering coriaceous and glabrous seed pods form that have a linear shape and raised over and constricted between seeds. The pods have a length of and a width of with longitudinally arranged seeds inside. The black coloured seeds have an oblong-elliptic shape with"}, {"text": "a length of and a width of . Taxonomy. The species was first formally described by the botanist Leslie Pedley in 1969 as part of the work \"Notes on Acacia, chiefly from Queensland\" as published in \"Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium\". It was reclassified as \"Racosperma cretatum\" by Pedley in 1987 then transferred back to genus \"Acacia\" in 2001. Distribution. It is endemic to Queensland and is distributed down along the Great Dividing Range from around Moranbah in the north to around Mara in the south and is especially common on the Blackdown Tableland. It is situated in a variety of habitat that is over or around sandstone where it grows in sandy, gravelly or loamy soils as a part of open \"Eucalyptus\" woodland communities."}, {"text": "Ustye () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kolokshanskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 38 as of 2010. Geography. Ustye is located 27 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bolshoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Fyodorovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010. Geography. Fyodorovka is located 14 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Uvarovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Travis Johnson may refer to:"}, {"text": "Fedotovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. Geography. Fedotovo is located 26 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kopnino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Fedurnovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 17 as of 2010. Geography. Fedurnovo is located 21 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mikheyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "is a Japanese politician and the current governor of Saitama Prefecture in Japan. He assumed office replacing Kiyoshi Ueda in the August 2019 gubernatorial elections. \u014cno previously served as a member of the House of Councilors from 2010 to 2019 and was a senior researcher at the ."}, {"text": "Fetinino () is a rural locality (a selo) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 462 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Fetinino is located 42 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stopino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Filino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Filino is located 19 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stavrovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Mauricia Prieto (born 20 November 1995) is a Trinidad and Tobago track and field athlete who specializes in sprint. She placed fourth in women's 4 \u00d7 100 metres relay with the Trinidadian team at the 2019 Pan American Games, and also competed in women's 200 metres. Representing Trinidad and Tobago at the 2019 World Athletics Championships, she competed in women's 200 metres and women's 4 \u00d7 100 metres relay. In the 200 metres event she did not advance to compete in the semi-finals."}, {"text": "Frolikha () is a rural locality (a village) in Aserkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Frolikha is located 18 km east of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karpovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kharitonovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 7 as of 2010. Geography. Kharitonovo is located 25 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Fedotovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Khrenovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 105 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located on the Undolka River, 8 km north-west from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Khrenovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 7 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 14 km north-west from Kurilovo, 23 km north-west from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Khryastovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 74 as of 2010. Geography. Khryastovo is located 14 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Afanasyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Tsepelevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Kopninskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 49 as of 2010. Geography. Tsepelevo is located 28 km southwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kopnino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Chaganovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 10 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Chaganovo is located on the Koloksha River, 37 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Meshchera is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Cherkutino () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Cherkutinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,002 as of 2010. There are 12 streets. Geography. Cherkutino is located 36 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Goryamino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Guatemalan law allows firearm possession on shall-issue basis as a constitutional right. With approximately 12 civilian firearms per 100 people, Guatemala is the 70th most armed country in the world. Constitution. Guatemalan constitution protects right to own guns for home-defense: Law. Current law regarding firearm possession was passed in 2009. Permitted types of firearms. Law allows civilians to own following types of firearms: Firearm registration. Simple possession requires registration of gun. Application for register must include: Guatemalans are allowed possess any number of firearms. Carrying firearms. Rules regarding carrying firearms are more strict with additional permit required and minimum age being 25 years. Only about 10% of legal guns can be carried in public places. Firearm possession. Currently there are 547,000 registered firearms in Guatemala (or 3 per 100 people). 60,658 people have license to carry them."}, {"text": "Chizhovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010. There are 20 streets. Grigory Potemkin was born in the village in around 1739. Geography. Chizhovo is located 29 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Buzakovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Churilovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. Geography. Churilovo is located on the Kolochka River, 28 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Krutoy Ovrag is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sheldyakovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. Geography. Sheldyakovo is located 23 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dobrynino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The West Adelaide Football Club (1878\u20131887), previously known as the West Torrens Football Club, was an Australian rules football club that participated in the South Australian Football Association during the 1887 SAFA season. Early Matches 1878. A number of matches in 1878 were reported including West Torrens v. South Adelaide (Second Twenty) on Saturday, July 27. These two Clubs met on the ground of the former. The game, which was very lively, resulted in a draw, neither side obtaining a goal. The respective captains were Messrs. J. Beesley and T. N. Cole. Mr. R.Paget officiated as field umpire. SAFA Application Rejected (1879). West Torrens Football Club submitted an application to the join the SAFA but at the Association's Annual General Meeting held on 1 April 1879 the club's application was rejected by 12 votes to 19 against as a number of delegates felt there was already too many weak teams in the Association. Annual Dinners and Season Reports. The club's first annual dinner took place with about 50 members present at the Foresters' and Squatters' Arms, Thebarton, on Thursday evening. October 14, 1879. Mr. J. Beesley was captain and secretary and he reported eight matches had been played with the"}, {"text": "following result: Won, three; drawn, three; lost, two. Four of the matches were with SAFA first twenties, and of these one was won, one was drawn, and two were lost. Annual General Meeting of the West Torrens club was held on April 7, 1881, at Squatters Arms, Thebarton. 1882 - West Torrens 3 goals defeated North Parks 2 goals for the Junior Premiership. Several old senior players from various clubs were competing. 1883 - Played ten Association matches, winning eight, and losing two, and two bad been forfeited to them. They occupied the second place on the scoring list, and tied for the cup; they had kicked forty-nine goals against their opponents fourteen. 1884 - Played twelve matches during the season, winning eight and losing four. Thirty-one goals and 114 behind had been kicked by them against their opponents' 9 goals and 32 behinds. Finished 3rd. The club had also played matches with three senior teams, the South Adelaide; Norwoods, and South Parks, and in each instance had scored a win. Junior Association and Home Ground. 1882 - The West Torrens and North Parks, who are undoubtedly considered the premier club of the Junior Association tried conclusions on the ground"}, {"text": "of the former at Mile End on Saturday last (27th May). The meeting of these crack teams had the effect of tempting a number of people to face the wintry weather and watch the sport. Club renames from West Torrens to West Adelaide and joins SAFA (1887). On 15 March 1887 the West Torrens Football Club held a meeting at the Foundry Hotel, Hindley Street in Adelaide where it decided to change the name of the club to West Adelaide and apply for inclusion in the upcoming 1887 SAFA season. The following office bearers were elected: Patron, Mr. C. C. Kingston; president, Mr. A. A. Fox; vice-presidents, several; and secretary and treasurer, Mr, A. Monck. The club was nicknamed \u201cThe Butchers\u201d because some of the team's players were slaughtermen and the club played matches near the West Park slaughterhouse situated behind the Adelaide Gaol. Team colours for the SAFA 1887 season were red, white and blue. Initially the team wore red and in 1881 red and white. Summary of their only SAFA season - Finished in last place. Played 16 Won 1 Drew 2 Lost 13 (Win and Draw against Gawler and Draw against Hotham). Goals scored 18 - Behinds"}, {"text": "52. 114 Goals and 288 behinds against. Top Goal kicker - Welsby 6 goals. Resignation from SAFA (1888). At the annual general meeting of the S.A. Football Association that was held at the Prince Alfred Hotel on Thursday evening 5th April 1888 - A letter was received from the late Secretary to the West Adelaide Club, stating that as the club was unable to get together a team they desired to resign from the Association. The resignation was accepted with regret."}, {"text": "Shepeli () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 35 as of 2010. Geography. Shepeli is located 13 km south of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Levino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Shuvalikha () is a rural locality (a village) in Bereznikovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. Geography. Shuvalikha is located 30 km south of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pushnino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Shunovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Rozhdestvenskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 31 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Shunovo is located 32 km northwest of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Borisovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yurino () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 32 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located on the Koloksha River, 10 km north-east from Vorsha, 19 km north-east from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Yurino () is a rural locality (a village) in Cherkutinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 34 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 4 km west from Cherkutino, 38 km north-west from Sobinka."}, {"text": "Yurovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kurilovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 21 as of 2010. Geography. Yurovo is located on the Vezhbolovka River, north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kopytovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yagodnoye () is a rural locality (a village) in Tolpukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Yagodnoye is located 25 km north of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vysokovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yakovlevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vorshinskoye Rural Settlement, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. Yakovlevo is located on the Kolochka River, 31 km northeast of Sobinka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Buzakovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Virtual Viking \u2013 The Ambush is a 2019 short film directed by Erik Gustavson, using volumetric video capture to create one of the first films in virtual reality. Produced for The Viking Planet centre in Oslo, Norway, the film is part of a wider exhibition of the lives of Norse seafarers and uses a number of VR headsets to enable visitors to experience a Viking longship in the heat of battle. Plot. Skald recounts the story of how he was captured, in his youth, during an unsuccessful Viking raid. Awards and nominations. At the Aesthetica Short Film Festival 2019, \"Virtual Viking \u2013 The Ambush\" was awarded Best VR Film."}, {"text": "Kate Tachie-Menson is a Ghanaian model. In 2008, she became the seventh and first Ghanaian to win M-Net's Face of Africa competition in South Africa. Career. In 2006, she auditioned for M-Net's Face of Africa but did not qualify. However, in 2008, she qualified and was crowned the winner, becoming the seventh M-Net Face of Africa. Subsequently, Tachie-Menson has starred in fashion shows including Ready to wear \u2013 Autumn/Winter 2009, Ready to wear \u2013 Autumn/Winter 2011, Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week in South Africa, New York and New Delhi fashion week. She has been on magazine covers including \"Mimi Magazine\" in Ghana and \"Canoe Magazine\" in UK. She as well shot editorials for \"Elle\", \"Glamour\" and \"Cosmopolitan\"."}, {"text": "Udai Singh Pawar is a filmmaker and screenwriter based in Mumbai, India. Pawar was the Writer and the Director of the acclaimed Netflix Original Feature Film Upstarts, which has been streaming since October 2019. Most recently, he wrote the Story and Screenplay of the Jio Cinema Streaming show Murder In Mahim, which was nominated for a Filmfare Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. Before becoming an independent Director, he had been the Associate Director of the Akshay Kumar-starrer Airlift, made by Raja Krishna Menon, and even earlier, had been the Chief/1st Assistant Director to veteran film director Sudhir Mishra for five years, on multiple projects, such as the Irrfan Khan-starrer Yeh Saali Zindagi and the Arjun Rampal-starrer Inkaar. Pawar is a Physics graduate from IIT Kanpur, with a background blending technology and art. Before shifting to film-making in 2009, Udai had worked extensively in technology research, with multiple patents and publications to his name. Early life. Udai grew up in New Delhi and studied at Delhi Public School, R.K.Puram. After which he took the JEE exam and got into IIT, Kanpur, in the five year integrated Masters program in Physics. As a course of his study he interned at the MIT"}, {"text": "Media Lab in Boston under Neil Gershenfeld where he shared a publication, and then later also at ARRI Cinema R&D, Munich when his interest for cinema grew. For his masters thesis, Udai built a pulse-shaper for femto-second lasers which was used for various research projects, and also lead to a published work. Pre-Film Career. Udai started his professional career at Microsoft Research in Bangalore, where he worked on Technologies for Emerging Markets, focusing on education in village schools. There, he invented the acclaimed Multipoint (initially known as MultiMouse) and SplitScreen technologies, and conducted studies on the best ways to use technology to teach kids. He was awarded in 2007 by Wall Street Journal Asia, and his work was also highlighted publicly by Bill Gates himself. He earned some US patents and key research publications, before taking a sabbatical in 2008 to travel around the world for 13 months, with just a backpack and a guitar. On his return, he worked in the General Elections 2009 as a campaign aide to then-Member of Parliament Jyotiraditya Scindia, before deciding to take the leap full-time to his childhood passion for film-making, in 2009. Film career. He reportedly had to stand and wait on"}, {"text": "the road outside famous Bollywood director Sudhir Mishra\u2019s office to meet him. Udai then assisted Mishra for five years on multiple films such as the Irrfan Khan-starrer Yeh Saali Zindagi and the Arjun Rampal-starrer Inkaar. After this, he worked with Raja Krishna Menon as the Associate Director on the box-office-superhit film Airlift that starred Akshay Kumar. There, he also directed the B-Unit and did a lot of the action choreography. Post that, Menon offered to produce Udai\u2019s first film, which was pitched to Netflix and was picked up for their first slate of 8 Indian Original Films, and was co-produced by Menon and Netflix Upstarts was released in October 2019 as a Netflix-produced Original (streaming at https://www.netflix.com/in/title/80998890), and was well regarded by critics. RollingStone gave it 4 out of 5 stars (\"\"The Unexpectedly Relatable Success Story, this feel-good movie tackles millennial Indian ambition and does it right\"), Indian new organisation FirstPost also gave it 4 out of 5 stars (\"\u2026thoroughly researched, unabashed ode to India's startup ecosystem\u2026 kind of conviction that is oft absent from success-story films.\"\u201d) Noted film critic and author Jai Arjun Singh reviewed it positively in the Telegraph, \"\"Every once in a while, you come across a"}, {"text": "film that is so direct \u2013 and has so much heart \u2013 that you stop thinking about labels or classifications, or about your own preconceptions, and simply go along for the ride.\"\u201d Other venues like Outlook (Indian magazine), News18, The Quint, The New Indian Express, SonyBIZ Asia, Common Sense Media, etc., also covered it positively with an average of 3 to 3.5 stars, and even some foreign reviewers. It was also nominated for Radio City (Indian radio station) Hitlist web awards for Best Web Film of 2019. The film was also hailed by the Indian startup and business community, with the business media, National TV and social media speaking covering it, including some of India's most successful entrepreneurs tweeting about it, including Infosys founder Nandan Nilekani and Biotech industry leader Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw. Most recently, he wrote the Story and Screenplay of the Jio Cinema Streaming show Murder In Mahim, which was based on the Jerry Pinto novel."}, {"text": "The TF1 Tower () is a building in the Boulogne-Billancourt suburb of Paris, used as the headquarters of the French TV channel TF1 and several subsidiaries of the TF1 Group since 1992. Location. The TF1 Tower is located at the corner of Quai du Point-Du-Jour and Avenue Le-Jour-Se-L\u00e8ve in the Point-Du-Jour neighborhood of Boulogne-Billancourt in the Hauts-de-Seine department, southwest of Paris. It is situated close to the Pont aval and the Pont d'Issy. Architecture. The TF1 Tower is shaped as cylinder covered with reflective glass. It has 14 floors and an overall floor area of . The direction offices are located on the upper floor. A webcam on the top of the tower broadcasts real-time pictures of Paris on TF1's official website as well as in TF1's news programme studio. History. The building was designed by architect and built by the Bouygues group. Its construction was decided after a delegated project management agreement dated March 20, 1991 and authorised by the administration council on April 11, 1991. The construction was invoiced \u20ac37.1 million in fiscal year 1991 and \u20ac18.8 million in fiscal year 1992. The TF1 channel moved to the building on June 1, 1992, from its former headquarters at"}, {"text": ". Thanks to a leasing contract, the TF1 Group became the owner of the tower on June 30, 2001. According to journalists and Henri Haguet, the new headquarters tower is symbolic of TF1's ideological shift toward productivity. TF1 also uses the tower for advertising and displaying. On April 15, 2012, the fa\u00e7ade was lit with a screen that enabled the news programme to be watched from the banks of the Seine River. In popular culture. In 1995, the tower was climbed with bare hands by Alain Robert. In 2005, the TF1 Tower was featured in the introduction animated short film of Arthur's one-man-show \"Arthur en vrai\". In August 2007, an advertisement for video game \"Halo 3\" showed the game's main character inside the TF1 Tower. Virals videos showed the character near the building's entrance and in the weather forecast studio. In the November 28th, 2008 episode of \"Star Academy\"'s eighth season, a special credit video shows kids climbing the tower to reach guest singer Britney Spears who landed on the roof with a helicopter. In 1997, the tower appeared on the title page of Pierre P\u00e9an and Christophe Nick's pamphlet named \"TF1, un pouvoir\". The building was also shown on"}, {"text": "the covers of the books \"TF1, une exp\u00e9rience\" (2006) and \"Madame, monsieur, bonsoir\" (2007)."}, {"text": "Peter Ludwig Wilhelm Elsholtz (20 October 1907 \u2013 30 August 1977) was a German stage and film actor."}, {"text": "Lachlan Busiko (born 13 January 1998) is a field hockey player from Australia. Personal life. Lachlan Busiko was born in Naracoorte, South Australia and raised in Benayeo, Victoria near Apsley, Victoria. He is a current scholarship holder at the South Australian Institute of Sport (SASI). Career. Junior national team. In 2017, Busiko made his debut for the Australia U\u201321 side, the 'Burras', at the Sultan of Johor Cup. Busiko again appeared at the Sultan of Johor Cup in 2018, winning a bronze medal with the team. In 2019, Busiko was named to the national junior squad for the third time, as well as being named in the team for the 2019 Sultan of Johor Cup. Adelaide Fire. Following the establishment of the Adelaide Fire in 2019, Lachlan Busiko was presented as the headline player for the men's team. He was also named as team captain for the inaugural tournament of the Sultana Bran Hockey One League, Australia's new premier domestic competition."}, {"text": "Sally Arnup (15 July 1930 \u2013 22 December 2015) was an English sculptor known for her depictions of animals. Her studios were located at Holtby, a village near York. Biography. Arnup was born in London and began studying at the Kingston School of Art at the age of thirteen. She later studied at Camberwell College of Arts and the Royal College of Art where she was taught by both Frank Dobson and John Skeaping. In 1955 she won the Royal Society of British Sculptors' Feodora Gleichen Award for women artists. From 1958 to 1972 Arnup was the Head of Sculpture at York College of Art. Her husband Mick Arnup also taught art at the college. Both Sally Arnup and her husband retired from teaching in 1974 to focus on their artistic careers. Artworks. Arnup's speciality as an artist was for bronze animal sculptures, often created with the live animal present. Among Arnup's most notable commissions was a work for the Duke of Edinburgh\u2019s 80th Birthday, depicting his Fell Pony \"Storm\". In 1971 she cast a silver leopard which was presented to HM Queen Elizabeth II by the City of York. A life-sized sculpture of an Irish Wolfhound by Arnup was"}, {"text": "posthumously donated to the York Art Gallery in 2017. She regularly exhibited at the Royal Academy in London, with the Royal Society of British Artists, with the Royal Scottish Academy and at the Paris Salon. In 1968 the University of York hosted a solo exhibition of her work as did Gainsborough House in Suffolk during 1998. The Arnup Studio where both Sally and Mick Arnup worked, was opened to the public in 2011 as part of York Open Studios. Death. In 2015 at the age of 85, Arnup suffered a stroke while modelling a horse for a large scale sculpture at stables near Thirsk. She later died in York Hospital from septicaemia."}, {"text": "Idrettslaget Braatt is a Norwegian multi-sports club located in Kristiansund Municipality, Norway. Founded in 1916, the club was started as a wrestling club by outbreakers from \"Ynglingeforeningens IL\" (YMCA). The club currently have departments in figure skating, floorball, football, ice hockey, speed skating and wrestling. History. On 31 March 1916, Braatt IL was founded. Olaf Gaupseth was elected as the club's first chairman. The club had athletics, boxing, football and wrestling on their program in the beginning years. Football. Braatt's men's team were playing in the top division in 1937\u201338, 1938\u201339 and 1939\u201340, a period were the first tier in the Norwegian football league system were organised in regional departments. Braatt reached the second round of the Norwegian Cup for their first time in 1919 and the third round in 1936, 1950 and 1960. Wrestling. Arne Gaupseth became the club's first Norwegian champion through winning the middle-weight Norwegian championships in Wrestling at Hamar in 1924. He also participated in the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. Later have Robert Gaupseth and Felix Baldauf participated in the Olympics."}, {"text": "A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Mudgee on 6 May 1887 because of the resignation of Adolphus Taylor () to become the Examiner of Patents. Results. <includeonly> Adolphus Taylor () resigned to become the Examiner of Patents.</includeonly>"}, {"text": "The Oath of Love () is a 2022 Chinese romance medical drama television series directed by L\u00fc Ying, starring Yang Zi and Xiao Zhan. It premiered from March 15 to March 31, 2022 on WeTV internationally, Hunan TV Primetime and Tencent Web Platform. Plot. Lin Zhi Xiao (Yang Zi) is a gifted young cellist about to graduate from university. She works hard to overcome her flightiness from her youth, and is hoping to make a career in playing cello. However, when her father is diagnosed with cancer, she stops everything and spends time at the hospital caring for him. Gu Wei is his surgical doctor. He is very solemn and almost cold, although glimpses of his warm heart can be seen from time to time. As Zhi Xiao's father progresses through treatment, she and Dr. Gu become close\u2014she helps him learn how to enjoy life, and he helps her focus on what she truly wants in life. 3rd year university student in the music department, majoring in cello. She is energetic, positive, kind, does not admit defeat easily, and is like a sun that brightens up your life. She is able to distinguish right from wrong, sometimes smart, but sometimes"}, {"text": "acts on impulse. She is persistent in achieving her goals and does not give up easily. Although she is a bit ignorant and slow when it comes to relationships, once she is sure about her feelings and intentions, she will press forward courageously. Chief surgeon at a gastroenterology center. He is very capable, but he takes to heart his failures and setbacks a bit too excessively. A patient's death on the table almost became the last straw for him, and he was facing huge psychological stress. When Gu Wei met Lin Zhixiao, they became the sun that warmed each other, and hand in hand, they walked out of the haze of problems and enjoyed the rest of their lives together. Gu Wei's cousin. He is a typical son in a rich family. He is flirtatious and cynical. His hobbies are spending money and dating. He does not get into serious relationships, however, after meeting San San, he feels that he has found true love. He is very nosy towards Gu Wei's relationship status and tries to help him in his relationship, but always ends up causing trouble instead. A Gastrointestinal chief surgeon. She is the assistant director's daughter and is"}, {"text": "Gu Wei's classmate and colleague. She is excellent, calm, smart and capable. However, she is arrogant on the inside and she strictly keeps a distance from her patients. At work, she is very good partners with Gu Wei, and everyone thinks that she is the most suitable person for Gu Wei to marry. She loves and respects Gu Wei a lot and always tries to help him at work. However, her values clashes with Gu Wei's values, and she isn't able to enter into Gu Wei's inner world. Lin Zhixiao's best friend. They advise each other about life and relationships. She often stands up for Lin Zhixiao. She is beautiful, generous, smart, and someone who dares to love and hate. She has high emotional intelligence and is someone who has a deep understanding of the way of life. She seems to be a master at love, has a playful attitude towards love and is never sloppy, but in fact, she desires for a good love and will become reckless when encountering true love. Lin Zhixiao's love interest and spiritual support when she was a teenager. He is bright, full of talent, and a perfect senior in everyone's eyes. However, because"}, {"text": "he went overseas after graduating from high school, the relationship between him and Lin Zhixiao came to an end and he felt regretful. After he returned from overseas, he competed against Gu Wei for Lin Zhixiao. Lin Zhixiao's mother. Formerly a language teacher in a high school, she later quit the job for her family. She is fashionable, enlightening, and she interacts with Lin Zhixiao like sisters instead of mother and daughter. She has a very good relationship with Lin Zhixiao's father, and is the \"big princess\" he has been protecting using his life. Lin Zhixiao's father. He is a dean in a high school. He seems strict and old-fashioned. After getting off from work, he will change the atmosphere of the house into that of the school. He often gets into conflicts with Lin Zhixiao, but in fact, he loves his daughter very much and silently tries to understand her thoughts and likings. He has a sharp tongue but a soft heart, and is like a typical Chinese father who doesn't know how to express his feelings. With a history of gastric ulcer for 20 years, he was later diagnosed with gastric cancer and became Gu Wei's patient. Production."}, {"text": "Filming began in August 2019 and officially ended on November 6, 2019. Filming took place in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China. Broadcast. On August 5, 2021, it was announced that the drama would air on September 8, 2021. However, on September 5, 2021, just 3 days before the previously confirmed airing date, it was announced that the airing of the drama would be postponed, and that the specific airing date would be announced at further notice. On March 14, 2022, The new release date was officially announced, premiers March 15, on the Chinese streaming platform Tencent Video and WeTV. It can also be seen on the Rakuten Viki streaming service."}, {"text": "The Blooms at Ruyi Pavilion () is a 2020 Chinese streaming television series that premiered on iQiyi on 12 October 2020. It tells the story of Fu Rong's prophetic dreams and her relationship with Xu Jin. It is directed by Kin Lung Lam and Tony and features an ensemble cast that includes Ju Jingyi, Zhang Zhehan, Xu Jiaqi, Liu Yichang, Wang Youshuo, and Gong Beibi. The series was adapted from Xiao Jia Ren's \"Chong Hou Zhi Lu\" (\u5ba0\u540e\u4e4b\u8def). 40 episodes are globally available on iq.com. Synopsis. Fu Rong (played by Ju Jingyi), the daughter of Dayu State Heng Jingling, is strong, intelligent, agile and lively. She was injured in an accident and saw a different life in her dream. She thought it was absurd, but she had one event in her dream. After the case came true, she determined to change her fate to protect her family. Fu Rong also dreamed of being buried under the decree of Duke Su Xu Jin (played by Zhang Zhehan) and as a result was determined to stay away from Duke Su, but the red thread of fate brought them closer and closer. With the emergence of the mysterious organization Ruyi Pavilion, a series"}, {"text": "of incidents cast a layer of mist on Dayu State. Faced with this situation, Fu Rong and Xu Jin joined hands to experience life and death, and face all kinds of hardships in reality together. At the same time, Duke An (played by Liu Yichang) is also secretly setting up a bigger conspiracy. Faced with the hard-to-change fate and the tricks that followed, could Fu Rong and Xu Jin stick to their original aspirations, solve the puzzle, and finally change their mysterious fate."}, {"text": "Love and Redemption () is a 2020 Chinese television series based on the novel \"Liu Li Mei Ren Sha\" () by Shi Si Lang (). It premiered on Youku and Mango TV on August 6, 2020. It stars actors Cheng Yi as Yu Sifeng and Yuan Bingyan as Chu Xuanji. Plot. A 1000 years ago, a bitter battle ensues between the Celestials and the Asuras in a struggle for power. The General of the Asura Clan, The Star of Mosha, is defeated by the God of War. He disappears and his soul is sealed in a crystal lamp, which is then sent to the mortal realm to be hidden. However, the God of War too, mysteriously vanishes along with him. A 1000 years later, both of their souls are sent to the mortal realm to undergo tribulation and the demonic realm begins to prepare the revive the Star of Mosha. In the mortal realm, Chu Xuanji (Yuan Bingyan) is born to the Shaoyang Sect Leader without the power of perception through all 6 senses. She meets Yu Sifeng (Cheng Yi), a skilled disciple of the mysterious Lize Palace, during the Flower Banquet being held at Shaoyang. Sifeng falls for her,"}, {"text": "despite being forbidden to do so. A turn of events leads to Xuanji being injured during the banquet and she leaves to cultivate and train herself for four years. Sifeng returns to Lize Palace, where he is punished for breaking the sect rules with the Lover's Curse. They encounter each other, years later and set off for their own adventures, but their journey is riddled with mysterious encounters and they start to realize that there is more to their past than they thought as a millennium-old conspiracy slowly comes to light. Cast. Supporting cast. Other Supporting Cast. Extra Actor"}, {"text": "Xilin Temple () is a Buddhist temple located on Mount Lu, in Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China. History. Ancient China. Xilin Temple was originally built in 366 by an official named Tao Fan (), during the Eastern Jin dynasty (317\u2013420). In the Tang dynasty (618\u2013907), Emperor Xuanzong issued the decree rebuilding the temple. In the Song dynasty (960\u20131179), Emperor Taizong inscribed and honored the name \"Qianming Chan Temple\" (). It became one of the Three Famous Buddhist Temples on Mount Lu, alongside Donglin Temple and Dalin Temple (). The temple had reached unprecedented heyday during that time. Since the Yuan dynasty (1127\u20131368), over the course of 700 years, the temple was destroyed and rebuilt many times. Xilin Temple was devastated by the Mongolian invasion in 1292 and rebuilt in 1381, at the dawn of Ming dynasty (1368\u20131644). In 1854, during the reign of Xianfeng Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1644\u20131911), Xilin Temple was completely damaged during the Taiping Rebellion. Seven years later, monk Lusong () restored the temple. Modern China. It was gradually fell into ruin in the Republic of China (1911\u20131949). During the Cultural Revolution, the remaining halls and rooms of Xilin Temple was demolished by the Red Guards. The foundation"}, {"text": "was used as vegetable garden. In 1989, Taiwanese Bhikkhun\u012b Shi Juehai () returned to mainland China to visit relatives. When she saw the abandoned temple, she planned to rebuild it. In September 1989, the reconstruction project were launched. The reconstruction project was carried out in two phases. From September 1989 to September 1992, it was the first phase of the project. During this period, 10 mu of land was purchased, the Thousand Buddha Pagoda was restored, Shanmen, Mahavira Hall, the left and right squatter houses, reception room, dining halls were newly built, and a stone brick wall of 3.5 metres high was built at 900 metres. From December 1992 to October 1996, the second phase of the project was completed. The Four Heavenly Kings Hall, Amitabha Buddha Hall, Ksitigarbha Hall, Guanyin Hall, Buddhist Texts Library, Lobby Hall and Dining Hall were added to the temple. Architecture. Thousand Buddha Pagoda. The Thousand Buddha Pagoda was originally built in the ruling of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang dynasty (618\u2013907) and rebuilt in 1631, during the 4th year of Chongzhen Emperor's reign in the Ming dynasty (\u2013). A modern restoration of the pagoda was carried out in 2005. The seven storeys, tall, hexagonal-based"}, {"text": "Chinese pagoda is made of brick and stone. Over 250 exquisite niches with small statues of Buddha are carved on the body of the pagoda. Culture. Song dynasty poet Su Shi eulogized a poem \"Writing on the wall of a hall at Xilin Temple\" () after visiting the temple. It is selected in primary school textbook."}, {"text": "Aksenovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 11 as of 2010. Geography. Aksenovo is located 18 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karpovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Alexandrovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Alexandrovo is located 20 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mordasovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Alfyorovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 1.5 km north-east from Golovino, 29 km west from Sudogda."}, {"text": "Dropout Kings (formerly Phoenix Down) is an American rap metal band from Phoenix, Arizona, United States, that formed in 2016. They are currently signed to Suburban Noize Records. Dropout Kings have released two albums: \"Audiodope\" (released August 10, 2018) and \"Riot Music\" (released 5 May 2023), and one EP: \"GlitchGang\" (released April 6, 2021). History. Dropout Kings was founded by Adam Ramey after his previous band The Bad Chapter broke up in 2015. As a way to stay active musically, he approached rapper Eddie Wellz to do a cover of Linkin Park's \"Lying from You\" after seeing a video of Wellz performing on YouTube. Due to positive reception, Ramey approached previous members of The Bad Chapter; Trevor Norgren and later Staig Flynn and Rob Sebastian and previous bandmate Chucky Guzman from We The Collectors to form a new band called Phoenix Down, which by 2017 had changed its name to Dropout Kings. On April 6, 2018, it was announced that Dropout Kings signed with Napalm Records, & the band released the music video for '\"NVM\", their first single from their debut album \"AudioDope\" the same day. On June 8, 2018, the band released the music video for \"Scratch & Claw\","}, {"text": "the second single from \"AudioDope\". \"AudioDope\" was released on August 10, 2018. \"AudioDope\" reached 2 US Charts, #52-Top New Artist Albums & #112-Record Label Independent Current Albums. In July\u2013August 2018, the band toured the United States and Canada with OTEP. During the Otep tour, the band announced that they were managed by Dez Fafara, the lead vocalist for DevilDriver & Coal Chamber. In February\u2013March 2019, the band toured with Outline in Color, Deadships and Dead Crown. On March 19, 2019, Dayshell featured the band on their single \u201cKOMBAT.\" In May\u2013June 2019, the band joined Crazy Town as direct support on their 20th Anniversary Tour. On May 26, 2019, it was announced that the band would be playing the Main Stage at the 20th Annual Soopa Gathering of the Juggalos on August 3, 2019. On April 6, 2021, it was announced that Dropout Kings had signed to Suburban Noize Records. On June 15, 2021, Dropout Kings embarked on their first headlining tour. On September 8, 2021, \u201cVirus\u201d peaked at #33 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Radio Charts while spending 12 weeks in the Top 40. On October 26, 2021, it was announced that \u201cVirus\u201d was being considered for a Grammy nomination"}, {"text": "in the Best New Artist category. On January 24, 2022, it was announced that Dropout Kings would be playing at UFest 2022 on April 24, 2022. On April 30, 2023, Staig parted ways with the band after his mother got into an accident. On June 6, 2023, Chucky parted ways with the band, and Rob switched to guitar, converting the band into a permanent quartet. Vocalist and founding member Adam Ramey died by suicide on May 19, 2025, at the age of 32."}, {"text": "Alfyorovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 11 as of 2010. Geography. It is located 10 km south from Muromtsevo, 13 km south from Sudogda."}, {"text": "Duco Events (also known as Duco Boxing or Duco) is an event promotions company led by the co-founder and current owner, New Zealand entrepreneur David Higgins. The company mostly promotes corporate events like celebrity dinners, charity balls and galas, as well as sporting events for rugby, cricket and most notably boxing. They have hosted major events including Brisbane Global Rugby Tens, NRL Auckland Nines, Joseph Parker vs. Andy Ruiz and David Tua vs Shane Cameron Business Relationships. Duco was founded by David Higgins and John McRae in 2004 and they promoted their first boxing event, David Tua vs. Shane Cameron, on 3 October 2009. McRae and his executive production company VADR sold their interest in Duco Events following the David Tua vs. Friday Ahunanya fight and acquired a stake in Sky Arena, a SKY TV pay-per-view company and also founded esports broadcaster and tournament platform www.letsplay.live in 2015. In 2014, Duco signed Martin Snedden to become their new CEO of the company. In 2016, Duco Events paired up with Bob Arum of Top Rank to co-promote Joseph Parker vs. Andy Ruiz Jr. and Parker vs Cojanu. After the Parker vs Ruiz Jr. world title fight, Snedden stepped down as CEO."}, {"text": "After Parker vs Razvan Cojanu, Lonergan and Higgins decided to part ways. Lonergan went on to create D & L Events in Australia and is the main promoter for Jeff Horn. Higgins continues to run Duco Events in New Zealand and work with Joseph Parker. At the end of Parker's six year fight deal with Duco, he signed a three-fight deal with Eddie Hearn under Matchroom Sport, with Higgins taking a management role within team Parker. Boxing. In January 2009, Duco Events announced that David Tua will fight against Shane Cameron with this being the biggest boxing event in New Zealand history at the time. The fight was originally scheduled for June at Waikato Stadium, however due to Shane Cameron injuring his hand, it was postponed to October at Mystery Creek. The event was quite successful with Duco Events turning a profit. After making his Professional debut in 2012, Joseph Parker signed a six-year fight contract with Duco. Duco Events has promoted 20 boxing events, majority of them having Parker as the Main Event. In this time Parker won the New Zealand heavyweight title, six regional boxing titles, and World Heavyweight title. When the contract expired, David Higgins helped Parker"}, {"text": "sign with Eddie Hearn of Matchroom Boxing. In August 2013, Duco signed a six-year fight deal with Robert Berridge. While with Duco, Berridge has competed in four of their boxing events and won two regional titles. Slightly under a year and a half with Duco, the contract was terminated after an alcohol-fuelled incident by Robert Berridge at one of Ducos events. In 2014, Jeff Horn signed a multi-year deal with Duco. While under Duco, Horn fought seven times in New Zealand and won six Regional titles. After the split between Higgins and Lonergan, Horn stayed with Dean Lonergan in Australia under Duco Australia, later called D & L Events. In 2014, Izuagbe Ugonoh signed with Duco. While with Duco he fought on eight of Duco's boxing events and won three regional titles. In December 2016, Ugonoh decided to leave Duco in sign with a new Promoter. In 2014, Duco signed David Letele. Letele mostly used a wrestling like gimmick called the Brown Buttabean. In his time with Duco, he had 5 corporate fights, 20 professional fights and 1 exhibition. Most times fighting local corporate boxers. This was originally an experiment to help raise revenue and sell tickets. It effectively worked"}, {"text": "and also helped Letele lose over 90 kg. In 2016, Letele stopped fighting local fighters and started fighting legitimate professional boxers. Letele eventually retired after a loss to Manu Vatuvei in 2018. Other Sporting Events. In 2014, Duco events began an annual Rugby League sporting event called NRL Auckland Nines. The inaugural event was successful with over $9 million return. In 2017, the event ceased to continue due to lack of interest from the general public, which essentially made the event flop. There was an idea to move the event to Australia, however the event has not happened since. In 2017, Duco Events began another annual event, this time in Rugby called Brisbane Global Rugby Tens. At the inaugural event, only half capacity of tickets were sold. The 2018 event still went ahead but the event took a hiatus in 2019, but it is unknown if the event will return. In 2019, Duco hosted a Celebrity Twenty20 cricket event where Rugby Legends would take Cricket legends in a T20 Cricket match. The match took place on 25 January 2019, at the Hagley Oval. The event was considered a success will all 9,000 tickets sold out. Corporate Events. As well as"}, {"text": "sporting events, Duco have hosted a variety of celebrity dinners, charity dinners, galas and balls. Some of the celebrities include Bob Geldof, Mick Fleetwood, John Key, Richard Branson, Nigella Lawson, and many more. One of the celebrities that they have worked with, Gordon Ramsay, cancelled on a charity fundraiser that was hosted by Duco. David Higgins and John McRae took Ramsay and his agent to the New Zealand High court with a claim of $2.2 million, which was later settled after Ramsay flew to New Zealand for mediation which saw a 15-hour negotiation before a resolution was achieved. Controversy. In 2013, Duco was heavily criticised for saving money by failing to provide qualified medical professionals at Fight for Life. This was referring to the 14 December 2013 event with the main event between Shane Cameron and Brian Minto. Manager Ken Reinsfeld said the person employed to stitch cuts \"had no idea\" and that \"it's important the guy ringside is competent. I was shocked when I found out he wasn't registered. \" Shane Cameron said that in 16 years of boxing, he had never fought without a registered doctor ringside. Charity fighters were also not medically assessed at the end of"}, {"text": "their bouts. Lonergan defended the apparent oversight saying \"so be it\" and while things were not perfect, \"ultimately responsibility relies with me, no one else.\" This incident happened just a month after light heavyweight boxer Daniel MacKinnon suffered a brain bleed on another card and was rushed to hospital where his heart stopped for 40 seconds. Ulitimately MacKinnon recovered."}, {"text": "Andreyevo () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3,798 as of 2010. There are 31 streets. Geography. Andreyevo is located 21 km east of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tyurmerovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Pseudophoxinus mehmeti is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related species. It inhabits the Alank\u00f6y basin in Turkey's Burdur Province, has a maximum length of and is considered harmless to humans. Etymology. The fish is named in honor of hydrological engineer Mehmet Ekmek\u00e7i, the husband of the first author for his contributions to the studies in hydrological descriptions and characterizations and interpretations of the drainage networks and watersheds."}, {"text": "Afonino () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 31 as of 2010. Geography. Afonino is located on the Voyninga River, 5 km southwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Raguzino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Baygushi () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 112 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Baygushi is located 29 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vyatkino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sir John Bonham (\"fl.\" 13th/14th century) was a mercer of the City of London, revered as one of the \"Nine Worthies of London\" by Richard Johnson in his 1592 biography of eminent citizens. According to Johnson's account, Bonham was an apprentice mercer of London, of Devonshire parents. He was entrusted with a valuable cargo bound for Denmark and found favour at the Danish court (then ruled by the House of Oldenburg). While there he was made commander of an army raised to stop the progress of \"the great Solyman\" during the reign of Edward I of England. He made peace with the Turkish leader, who knighted him and gave him chains of gold. It is not clear which war he took part in, or even if Bonham was a real historical person. He has been linked with a Sir John Bonham of Wishford (\"fl\" 1336\u201337)."}, {"text": "Baraki () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 826 as of 2010. There are 18 streets. Geography. Baraki is located 24 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vyatkino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Green Man is a pub and road junction on High Road, Leytonstone, London. The pub has been rebranded as part of the O'Neill's chain. The current 1920s building replaced an earlier public house, close to the original site; which was built around 1668 and mentioned by Daniel Defoe. A statue called \"Leaf Memory\" by Stephen Duncan was erected in 2001 at Grove Road and High Road in Bushwood depicting the Green Man sat with head lowered in his arms. The Green Man Public House. There has been a pub at this location since around 1668. On 22 August 1722, Christopher Layer and Stephen Lynch were arrested in the pub over a plot to assassinate King George I. A robbery by Dick Turpin reportedly took place outside the premises on 30 April 1737, when Turpin attacked Joseph Major and took his horse and around \u00a37 to \u00a38 in silver. The pub is named by Daniel Defoe in his account \"Tour through the Eastern Counties of England\", published as part of \"A tour thro' the whole island of Great Britain\" in 1724: \"the great road passed up to Leytonstone, a place by some known now as much by the sign of"}, {"text": "the Green Man, formerly a lodge upon the edge of the forest\". By the end of the 18th century, it had become the most important inn in the local area, as it sat on the main coaching road from London to Cambridge and Newmarket. In the early 20th century, the pub included a room known as the \"Dick Turpin chamber\" and was reputed to be haunted. The current premises dates from the late 1920s. The pub has been rebranded and is now trading as part of the O'Neill's chain. It is referred to in the 2014 song \"Hollow Ponds\" by Damon Albarn, who grew up in Leytonstone. Green Man Roundabout. The junction is now a roundabout which connects the A12, a major road from London to Colchester, High Road, Leytonstone and Whipps Cross Road. There are a number of cycle lanes underneath the roundabout that provide access between Leytonstone town centre and Epping Forest. London Buses route 257 runs through the junction and has a stop marked \"Green Man Roundabout\". The North Metropolitan Tramways Co constructed a tramway along High Road, Leytonstone, with the terminal junction at the Green Man opening in 1878. The original route of the North Circular"}, {"text": "Road, planned around 1916, ended at this junction. The roundabout was constructed between 1963 and 1965; the A12 underpass opened in 1999."}, {"text": "Barkino () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 28 as of 2010. Geography. Barkino is located 8 km north from Moshok, 41 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Krasny Kust is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bakhtino () is a rural locality (a village) in Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2010. Geography. Bakhtino is located 38 km northeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kartmazovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bashevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 20 as of 2010. Geography. Bashevo is located on the Sudogda River, 5 km south of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Berezhki is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Beg () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 948 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Beg is located 2 km southwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sudogda is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Berezhki () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 25 as of 2010. Geography. Berezhki is located on the left bank of the Sudogda River, 5 km south of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bashevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bogdantsevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 11 as of 2010. Geography. Bogdantsevo is located 24 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Maslovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bokusha () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 22 as of 2010. Geography. Bokusha is located 14 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Popelyonki is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bolotsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 694 as of 2010. There are 13 streets. Geography. Bolotsky is located 24 km east of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Andreyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bolshaya Kozlovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2010. Geography. Bolshaya Kozlovka is located 13 km east of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Malaya Kozlovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Borisogleb () is a rural locality (a selo) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2010. Geography. Borisogleb is located 48 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Konyushino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Brykino () is a rural locality (a village) in Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 21 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 3 km east from Andreyevo, 23 km east from Sudogda."}, {"text": "is a chain of hotels headquartered in Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan. It is a subsidiary of Hankyu Hanshin Holdings. As of 2019, it has 46 properties (opened or announced) in Japan, 19 directly operated and 27 under franchise management. History. The origins of the business can be traced back to 1926, when Ichiz\u014d Kobayashi, the founder of Hankyu Railway acquired the Takarazuka Hotel in Takarazuka. On August 8, 1964, the New Hankyu Hotel opened in Umeda, Osaka, incorporated with Hankyu Umeda Station. On May 26, 2000, Daiichi Hotel Ltd. went bankrupt after applying for the Corporate Rehabilitation Law. On November 1, 2001, Hankyu Corporation invested 1 billion yen to purchase the Daiichi Hotels Group. Following its acquisition in 2002, it became a subsidiary of Hankyu Hotels. On April 1, 2005, Hankyu-Daiichi Hotels Company Ltd. and Hotel New Hankyu Group was merged to become Hankyu-Daiichi Hotels Group. On October 1, 2006, Hankyu Holdings became the wholly owning parent company of Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd. and the holdings were renamed Hankyu Hanshin Holdings, Inc. Hankyu-Daiichi Hotels also changed the legal name to Hankyu Hanshin-Daiichi Hotels Co., Ltd. on the same day. Group hotels. Remm. \"Remm\" is the brand name for city hotels."}, {"text": "Brykino () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 10 km south-east from Golovino, 19 km west from Sudogda."}, {"text": "Havineinu or Habinenu () is a blessing from the Amidah, the central prayer of the Jewish liturgy. It is a condensed version of the middle 13 blessings of the Amidah, recited in places of those 13 blessings when time or circumstances call for a shorter prayer. Etymology. The word literally means 'cause us to understand', and comes from a Hebrew verb used in Tanakh and Talmud. Sources. The Mishnah discusses saying a shortened Amidah, but does not give a specific text: While the Mishnah can be read to say that all 18 blessings of Amidah are shortened, the Babylonian Talmud mentions that only the middle blessings are shortened, but the initial 3 blessings and final 3 blessings are full. The Babylonian Talmud gives the precise text of the single blessing which replaces the middle blessings:"}, {"text": "Burlygino () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 93 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Burlygino is located 24 km southwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Turovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bykovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. Bykovo is located 8 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lukhtonovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vaneyevka () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010. Geography. Vaneyevka is located 42 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ulybyshevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Conner Michael Frankamp (born July 16, 1995) is an American-Georgian professional basketball player who last played for the New Taipei CTBC DEA of the Taiwan Professional Basketball League (TPBL). He played college basketball for the Kansas Jayhawks and Wichita State. He was named to the third team all-Missouri Valley Conference as a junior, averaging 9 points and 3 assists per game. Frankamp entered the 2018 NBA draft but was not selected in the draft's two rounds. High school career. Frankamp played for Wichita North High School in Wichita, Kansas under coach Gary Squires. During high school, he was a four-star recruit who was ranked No. 46 in the ESPN 100 and No. 34 on Rivals\u2019 Class of 2013 list. As a senior at Wichita North, he averaged 31.1 points, 3.8 assists, 3.5 rebounds and 2.5 steals per game and, for the second-straight year, was tabbed as one of Kansas\u2019 top five players for all classifications by The Wichita Eagle. College career. Frankamp played for one season for the Kansas Jayhawks and for three seasons with Wichita State. During his first college year with Kansas, Frankamp was a bench player, averaging 2.6 points per game. The next year, he transferred to"}, {"text": "Wichita State. During his tenure with the team, Frankamp was named to the Third team All-Missouri Valley Conference as a junior and was the Missouri Valley Conference MVP the same year. As a senior, he averaged 10.6 points and 2.2 assists per game with the Shockers. Professional career. Beroe. After going undrafted at the 2018 NBA draft, Frankamp joined Beroe of the NBL, He went on to average 19.3 points and 4.3 assists per game. Rethymno Cretan Kings. The following year, Frankamp was added to the Los Angeles Lakers Summer League roster but only appeared in three games and was not offered a contract by the team. Later this season, he joined Rethymno Cretan Kings of the Greek Basket League. During the season, Frankamp played in the Greek League All-Star game and competed in the three point contest. (20.8 points and 4.1 assists per game). Murcia. On June 9, 2020, Frankamp signed with UCAM Murcia of the Liga ACB. He scored 24 points in a 93\u201380 win against Movistar Estudiantes on September 24. Zenit Saint Petersburg. On June 21, 2021, Frankamp officially signed with Russian club Zenit Saint Petersburg of the VTB United League and the EuroLeague. He left the"}, {"text": "team after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Promitheas Patras. On April 8, 2022, Frankamp returned to Greece, signing with Promitheas Patras. On May 13 of the same year, he abruptly parted ways with the club, just before the start of the Greek Basket League playoffs. In only 8 games, Frankamp averaged 13.3 points, 1.7 rebounds, 1.7 assists and 1 steal, playing around 27 minutes per contest. Limoges. On May 18, 2022, he has signed with CSP Limoges of the LNB Pro A. Gaziantep Basketbol. On July 14, 2022, he signed with Gaziantep Basketbol of the Basketbol S\u00fcper Ligi and the FIBA Europe Cup. AfterShocks. Frankamp has played for the AfterShocks, a team of Wichita State alumni, competing in The Basketball Tournament (TBT), an annual single-elimination bracket tournament. R\u00edo Breog\u00e1n. On October 8, 2023, Connor Frankamp signed with CB Breog\u00e1n of the Liga ACB and the Basketball Champions League. New Taipei CTBC DEA. On November 4, 2024, Frankamp signed with the New Taipei CTBC DEA of the Taiwan Professional Basketball League (TPBL). On January 17, 2025, New Taipei CTBC DEA terminated the contract relationship with Frankamp. National team career. Frankamp played with the junior youth national teams of the United"}, {"text": "States. With the USA, he played at the 2011 FIBA Under-16 Americas Championship, where he won a gold medal. He also played with the USA junior national team at the 2012 FIBA Under-17 World Championship, where he also won a gold medal. Frankamp later gained Georgian citizenship, in order to become a member of the senior men's Georgian national team."}, {"text": "Vasilyevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Andreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. Geography. Vasilyevo is located 38 km northeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kartamazovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vyozhki () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 51 as of 2010. Geography. Vyozhki is located 50 km east of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sinitsino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Verigino () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. Geography. Verigino is located 23 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lunkovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Verkhnyaya Zaninka () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 40 as of 2010. Geography. Verkhnyaya Zaninka is located 47 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ulybyshevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Volnaya Artyomovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 199 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Volnaya Artyomovka is located on the Poboyka River, 15 km south of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Daniltsevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Time Stall is a VR single player physics based (action) puzzle game for the Oculus Quest, developed by Netherlands-based Force Field Entertainment and released August 15, 2019. Synopsis. Story. The player is a human woken from cryogenic sleep aboard a crowd funded prototype \u2018time-folding\u2019 spaceship (Fantastic Leap) destined for a better life on a new planet (Terra Prime). You meet the Captain and Victoria the ship's computer in a time of great need. The combination of the robot crew malfunctioning and the ship's cheap construction are causing mini catastrophes. These problems are causing it to drift off course and into perilous danger of colliding with a star. The player must journey through a series of catastrophes situated in different parts of the ship to reach the end goal of the ship's bridge. The ship's computer Victoria is able to detect catastrophic events and slow time for a short duration enabling you to save the Captain and progress throughout the ship. Save the remnants of mankind by getting the Captain safely to the bridge and avert the ship's destruction. Reception. Netherlands based YouTuber and VR Game reviewer Nathie did a walktrough of the first three scenario's while wearing a space suit."}, {"text": "Jamie Feltham of the site upload VR \"Time Stall's physics are a delight to tinker with\" and \"it's definitely refreshing to see a game that gives you so much creative freedom in how you go about beating it\". But also \"Sadly, fascinating interactions such as these are rarely necessary. Most of Time Stall's incoming threats are dismissed using a well-placed gas canister or popping the cork on a champagne bottle to send it flying\". \"Time Stall\" got a 6/10. Some bad points are the level design rarely have a need for invention, the main campaign is short and most solutions to the puzzles are similar. The good points are the strong physics that give creative fun and the creation of an excellent world. 6DOF reviews gave \"Time Stall\" an 8.5. with a 9 for Concept, Gameplay and Graphics.Audio got an 8 and longevity 7.5. Summarizing it as \" If you don't mind the fact that it's a bit brief, Time Stall is a fantastic puzzler with a unique twist that truly makes you feel like a superhero.\" French based ET.fr. gave Time Stall a 13 and reviewed Time Stall as \"a fun game that will bring a dose of fun"}, {"text": "to who likes the genre. Rather diversified with several ways to address certain problems, the title offers as a bonus French subtitles. \"The main issue is, as usual, a rather short game duration\"\". \"Time Stall\" received 4,5 stars out of 5 stars according to the review aggregation on the Oculus store website."}, {"text": "Vysokovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 31 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Vysokovo is located 40 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pavlovskaya is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Dirk M\u00fcller (born 25 October 1968) is a German stock trader, fund manager and author. He is internationally known as Mr. DAX and Dirk of the DAX, because his workplace was located right under the display of the DAX at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Journalists have used his facial expressions to depict the state of the market. In 2015, he founded a stock fund, Dirk M\u00fcller Premium Aktien. Life. Born in Frankfurt, M\u00fcller grew up in Reilingen, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, where he still lives. He passed the Abitur at the Carl-Friedrich-Gau\u00df-Gymnasium in Hockenheim, and then began training as a bank teller and financial assistant at Deutsche Bank in Mannheim. In 1993, M\u00fcller passed the B\u00f6rsenh\u00e4ndlerpr\u00fcfung exam. He then worked until 1997 as a broker for Finacor-Rabe & Partner, then for a year for Cantor Fitzgerald International, and from 1998 to 2008 as official stock trader at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange for ICF AG. In 2008, M\u00fcller moved to the company Wertpapierhandelsbank mwb fairtrade AG, where he worked until 2010. Since 2009, he has been the owner and managing director of Finanzethos GmbH, a company running the \"cashkurs.com\" website. M\u00fcller published his first book, \"Crashkurs\", in 2009, written in response to the 2008"}, {"text": "financial crisis. The successful publication made him well-known. His second book, \"Cashkurs\", was published in 2011 and soon became a bestseller, number 1 on the list of \"Der Spiegel\". M\u00fcller was one of eight experts in a committee meeting of the German parliament Deutscher Bundestag on 27 June 2011, aiming at preventing speculation with agricultural raw materials (\"Spekulation mit agrarischen Rohstoffen verhindern\"). On 17 April 2015, M\u00fcller began his own stock fund, Dirk M\u00fcller Premium Aktien. While the fund lost 7% over the first year, it fared better than the DAX during the same time, which lost 16%. However, as of end of May 2021, the fund has lost 8.8% since inception, while the DAX index has gained 28.9%, resulting in an underperformance of 37.7% in seven years. M\u00fcller is married, and the couple has a son."}, {"text": "The 10th StarDance series was premiered on October 12, 2019, and ended on December 14, 2019. Hosts in this series are again Marek Eben and Tereza Kostkov\u00e1. Jury Radek Bala\u0161 was replaced by Richard Genzer, V\u00e1clav Kune\u0161 by Jan Tom\u00e1nek."}, {"text": "D\u00e6hlenengen Ski- og Ballklubb was a multi-sports club located in Gr\u00fcnerl\u00f8kka, Oslo. Founded 18 March 1916, the club had departments within bandy, football and skiing. Their home ground was D\u00e6lenenga idrettspark. On 30 October 1940, the club merged with neighbours SK Strong, and the new name of the club was \"Sportsklubben Trym\". Due to the German occupation of Norway, there was no activity in the new club before the end of World War II in 1945. It was then decided that the club was taking back the name \"Strong\". In 1952, Strong merged with two other Gr\u00fcnerl\u00f8kka-based clubs and formed \"Gr\u00fcner IL\". Football. D\u00e6hlenengen SBK's football team became regional champions in class C in 1925, class D in 1926 and class B in 1928. The team played in Oslo's class A from 1929 till the end of the 1935 season. John B\u00f8hleng represented D\u00e6hlenengen while playing for Norway in 1933."}, {"text": "Dplay (stylized as dplay) was one of the brand names of online video on demand services operated by Discovery, Inc. Discovery operated such services under the Dplay name in Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) and Spain. In October 2020, Discovery announced that it would rebrand its Dplay service as Discovery+ (stylized as discovery+) in the United Kingdom and Ireland, the new service commenced in November 2020 and also offers paid content as well as the free content from Dplay. In December 2020, Discovery announced that a separate version of Discovery+ would also be launching in other European countries and the United States in January 2021. On January 5, 2021, Dplay was replaced by Discovery+ in Europe. History. The British version of the service (also available in the Republic of Ireland) was originally launched as QuestOD in 2018 as a Video on Demand to Discovery's free-to-air television channels Quest and Quest Red. The launch of QuestOD, along with the HD simulcast version of Quest on July 31, 2018, was to coincide with the 2018\u201319 EFL season, which Quest had rights for free-to-air highlights beginning from that season. In October 2019, QuestOD announced that the service would"}, {"text": "change its name to Dplay by the end of that month. The renaming coincided with the addition of programmes from Discovery's free-to-air sister channels in the UK, DMAX and Food Network, in addition to Home (later renamed HGTV) and Really \u2014 the latter two were then-recently acquired by Discovery, Inc. following the split of UKTV (who operates UKTV Play). The rebranding took place on October 22, 2019. In October 2020, Dplay announced that the service would be renamed Discovery+ (stylized as discovery+) in the United Kingdom and Ireland in the following month. The rebranding coincided with the launch of a subscription tier, bringing Discovery's pay-TV and free-to-air channels all together. In December 2020, Discovery announced that a separate version of Discovery+ would be officially launching in the United States in January 2021. On January 4, 2021, Dplay was shut down in Japan. It was relaunched as Max on September 25, 2024 before it reverted into HBO Max on July 9, 2025. On January 5, 2021, Dplay was replaced by Discovery+ in Europe."}, {"text": "Steven Heimkreiter (June 9, 1957 \u2013 December 3, 2020) was an American football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) who played for the Baltimore Colts. He played college football at the University of Notre Dame. Heimkreiter died of cancer on December 3, 2020, in Fort Thomas, Kentucky, at the age of 63."}, {"text": "Hocazade Esad Efendi (; 14 June 1570 \u2013 22 May 1625) was a \u015eeyh\u00fclislam (Minister of Islamic Issues) of the Ottoman Empire from 1615 to 1622, and again in 1623 until his death in 1625. Early life. Hocazade Esad Efendi was born in Istanbul, on 14 June 1570. He was the second son of Hoca Sadeddin Efendi. He had four brothers, Mehmed Efendi (died 1615), Mesud Efendi (died 1597), Abd\u00fclaziz Efendi (died 1618), Salih Efendi. He was educated by his father and famous scholar Molla Tevfik Gialni. Career. At first he attended the place as an apprentice officer (M\u00fclaz\u0131m), later in 1588, he took haseki rank and became the personal bodyguard of the Sultan. In 1590, he was designated to S\u00fcleymaniye School and in July, 1593 Darulhadise (information office). Later, he became the kadi (Islamic judge) of Edirne by the time of E\u011fri campaign in 1596. He was promoted in a short time, by his father's influence in the Palace and he was designated to the Kazasker rank (chief military judge). After his father became the \u015eeyh\u00fclislam, he became the kadi of Istanbul. Yemi\u015f\u00e7i Hasan Pasha was an ally of Esad Efendi and his elder brother Mehmed. However, in January"}, {"text": "1603 he was dismissed from the position following the Celali rebellions. On 2 July 1615, he replaced his elder brother Mehmed Efendi after his death, and became the \u015eeyh\u00fclislam, minister of Islamic Issues. On 21 May 1622, he resigned from the position. However, on 4 October 1623, he was reappointed to the position until his death in 1625. Family. Esad Efendi was married to the daughter of Bostanz\u00e2de Mehmed Efendi (died 1598), who had served as the chief mufti under Sultan Murad III, and his son Sultan Mehmed III. He had three sons named Ebusaid Mehmed Efendi (1593-94 \u2013 1662), who also served as a \u015eeyh\u00fclislam, Arif Mehmed Efendi (died 1622), and Ebussuud Efendi (died 1682), and a daughter named Akile Hatun, who married firstly to Sultan Osman II in March 1622, and secondly to Ganizade Nadiri Efendi in 1627. Death. Esad Efendi died on 22 May 1625, and was buried beside his father in Ey\u00fcp Cemetery, Istanbul. In popular culture. In 2015 Turkish costume drama TV series , Esad Efendi is portrayed by Turkish actor Halil Kumova."}, {"text": "Vyatkino () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,338 as of 2010. There are 20 streets. Geography. Vyatkino is located 34 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pogrebishchi is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gladyshevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 58 as of 2010. Geography. Gladyshevo is located 40 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kondryayevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Golovino () is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4,408 as of 2010. There are 24 streets. Geography. Golovino is located 31 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kamenets is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gonobilovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 250 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Gonobilovo is located on the Kostyanka River, 40 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shustovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Erwiniaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria which includes a number of plant pathogens and insect endosymbionts. This family is a member of the order Enterobacterales in the class Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. The type genus of this family is \"Erwinia.\" The name \"Erwiniaceae\" is derived from the Latin term \"Erwinia\", referring the type genus of the family and the suffix \"-aceae\", an ending used to denote a family. Together, \"Erwiniaceae\" refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus \"Erwinia\". Biochemical characteristics and molecular signatures. Source: These bacteria are catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, and do not produce indole or hydrogen disulfide. Most species are positive for Voges-Proskauer test, with the exception of \"Erwinia toletana, Erwinia ypographi\" and some strains of \"Erwinia oleae.\" 12 conserved signature indels (CSIs) were identified through genomic analyses as exclusive for this family in the proteins glutamate\u2013cysteine ligase, DNA gyrase (subunit B), LPS assembly protein LptD, thiol:disulfide interchange protein DsbA precursor, two-component sensor histidine kinase, RNA helicase, tRNA pseudouridine(13) synthase TruD, glycine/betaine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein, superoxide dismutase, and stationary phase inducible protein CsiE. These CSIs provide a reliable molecular method of identification and differentiation of \"Erwiniaceae\" species from other families in the order"}, {"text": "\"Enterobacterales\" and other bacteria. Historical systematics and current taxonomy. \"Erwiniaceae\", as of 2021, contains eight validly published genera. Members of this family were originally members of the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\", a large phylogenetically unrelated group of species with distinct biochemical characteristics and different ecological niches. The original assignment of species into the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\" was largely based on 16S rRNA genome sequence analyses, which is known to have low discriminatory power and the results of which changes depends on the algorithm and organism information used. Despite this, the analyses still exhibited polyphyletic branching, indicating the presence of distinct subgroups within the family. In 2016, Adeolu et al. proposed the division of \"Enterobacteriaceae\" into 7 novel families based on comparative genomic analyses and the branching pattern of various phylogenetic trees constructed from conserved genome sequences, 16S rRNA sequences and multilocus sequence analyses. Molecular markers, specifically conserved signature indels, specific to this family were also identified as evidence supporting the division independent of phylogenetic trees."}, {"text": "Gorki () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 139 as of 2010. Geography. Gorki is located 7 km south of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Muromtsevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Reynaldo Vera Gonz\u00e1lez-Quevedo (born 7 January 1961) is a Cuban chess Grandmaster (GM) (1988), two-times Cuban Chess Championship winner (1997, 2001), Chess Olympiad individual gold medal winner (1998). Biography. First international success Reynaldo Vera Gonz\u00e1lez-Quevedo have in 1977 in Innsbruck, where he ranked 4th in World Junior Chess Championship. He is multiple participant of Cuban Chess Championship and two-time winner of these tournaments (1997, 2001). Reynaldo Vera Gonz\u00e1lez-Quevedo has achieved many successes on the international chess tournaments, including winning or shared the first places in Havana (1980), Varna (1986), Le\u00f3n (1996), San Sebasti\u00e1n (2007). Reynaldo Vera Gonz\u00e1lez-Quevedo played for Cuba in the Chess Olympiads: Reynaldo Vera Gonz\u00e1lez-Quevedo played for Cuba in the World Team Chess Championships: Reynaldo Vera Gonz\u00e1lez-Quevedo played for Cuba in four Pan American Team Chess Championships: Reynaldo Vera Gonz\u00e1lez-Quevedo played for Cuba in the World Youth U26 Team Chess Championships: In 1979, he was awarded the FIDE International Master (IM) title and in 1988 he received the FIDE Grandmaster (GM) title. Reynaldo Vera Gonz\u00e1lez-Quevedo also is FIDE Senior Trainer (2007)."}, {"text": "Goryachevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. Geography. Goryachevo is located 41 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kolychevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gridino () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 234 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located 21 km south from Vladimir, 43 km north-west from Sudogda."}, {"text": "Danilovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. Geography. Danilovka is located 32 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Spas-Kupalishche is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Daniltsevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 10 as of 2010. Geography. Daniltsevo is located on the Poboyka River, 14 km south of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Volnaya Artemovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "In geodynamics lower crustal flow is the mainly lateral movement of material within the lower part of the continental crust by a ductile flow mechanism. It is thought to be an important process during both continental collision and continental break-up. Rheology. The tendency of the lower crust to flow is controlled by its rheology. Ductile flow in the lower crust is assumed to be controlled by the deformation of quartz and/or plagioclase feldspar as its composition is thought to be granodioritic to dioritic. With normal thickness continental crust and a normal geothermal gradient, the lower crust, below the brittle\u2013ductile transition zone, exhibits ductile flow behaviour under geological strain rates. Factors that can vary this behaviour include: water content, thickness, heat flow and strain-rate. Collisional belts. In some areas of continental collision, the lower part of the thickened crust that results is interpreted to flow laterally, such as in the Tibetan plateau, and the Altiplano in the Bolivian Andes."}, {"text": "Dvorishnevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2010. Geography. Dvorishnevo is located 14 km south of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Alferovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Demukhino () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 21 as of 2010. Geography. Demukhino is located 45 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gonobilovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Dorofeyevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 38 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Dorofeyevo is located 13 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Myzino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Attila Demk\u00f3 (Budapest, 31 July 1976) is a Hungarian security policy expert, and writer (under the pen name David Autere). and former diplomat. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 he became one of the frequently quoted experts of the topic in the international and local media. Education. Demk\u00f3 holds an MA and PhD degree in history and an MA degree in political science from E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University of Budapest. His PhD thesis covered the strategies of Northern Ireland's Irish national movements. Besides his university studies, he attended additional education in defence and security policy at the Manfred Woerner Foundation (1998-1999) and the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (2004-2005). Career. Demk\u00f3 started his career as a political advisor at the Security and Defence Policy Secretariat of the Hungarian Prime Minister's Cabinet Office in 1999. Between 2002 and 2010, he worked as a desk officer in the Defence Policy Department of the Ministry of Defence of Hungary. From 2010 to 2012, he held the position of Head of department in the Defence Planning Department in the Ministry of Defence of Hungary. Between 2012 and 2014, he led the Defence Policy Division at the Permanent Representation of Hungary to NATO"}, {"text": "in Brussels, Belgium. From 2014 to 2018, he was the Head of Defence Policy Department in the Ministry of Defence of Hungary. As head of defence policy, among other responsibilities, he was responsible for the policy aspects of Hungarian military operations such as the one in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as for arms control missions to the Donbas and Crimea regions of Ukraine. Writer, journalist. Since 2018 he has worked at Mandiner, a major Hungarian daily internet news portal as a senior columnist. He covers Russia, Ukraine, and the Hungarian minorities in the neighbouring countries for Mandiner. Under the pen name \u201cDavid Autere\u201d he is the author of the bestseller novel \"M\u00e1glyat\u0171z\" (Bonfire) which deals with possible Russian penetration and hybrid warfare using national minorities in Central and Eastern Europe. Demk\u00f3 has talked on TV about security issues covered in his book and in his articles The English adaptation of M\u00e1glyat\u0171z, \u201c\"The Fury of the Tsar\"\u201d was introduced to the international audience in the 2019 Frankfurt Bookfair. Demk\u00f3 is also the author of several dozen articles on security and defence policy issues in different Hungarian periodicals."}, {"text": "Dubyonki () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 19 as of 2010. Geography. Dubyonki is located on the Dubyonka River, 15 km southwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Klavdino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yefimovskaya () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010. Geography. Yefimovskaya is located 25 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zakharovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Pectobacteriaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria which largely consist of plant pathogens. This family is a member of the order Enterobacterales in the class Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. The type species of this family is \"Pectobacterium\". The name \"Pectobacteriaceae\" is derived from the Latin term \"Pectobacterium\", referring the type genus of the family and the suffix \"-aceae\", an ending used to denote a family. Together, \"Pectobacteriaceae\" refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus \"Pectobacterium\". Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Signatures. Source: Members of the family produce acid from N-acetylglucosamine and are negative for arginine dihydrolase, orthinine decarboxylase and lysine decarboxylase. These bacteria are catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, and do not produce hydrogen disulfide. Genomic analyses identified four conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are specific this family in the proteins transcriptional activator RhaS, flagellar motor protein MotB, a two-component sensor histidine kinase protein and a hypothetical protein. These molecular signatures provide a reliable molecular means for distinguishing members of the family \"Pectobacteriaceae\" from other families in the order \"Enterobacterales\" and other bacteria. Historical Systematics and Current Taxonomy. \"Pectobacteriaceae\", as of 2021, contains eight validly published genera. Members of this family were originally members of the \"Enterobacteriaceae family\", a"}, {"text": "large phylogenetically unrelated group of species with distinct biochemical characteristics and different ecological niches. The original assignment of species into the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\" was largely based on 16S rRNA genome sequence analyses, which is known to have low discriminatory power and the results of which changes depends on the algorithm and organism information used. Despite this, the analyses still exhibited polyphyletic branching, indicating the presence of distinct subgroups within the family. In 2016, Adeolu et al. proposed the division of \"Enterobacteriaceae\" into 7 novel families based on comparative genomic analyses and the branching pattern of various phylogenetic trees constructed from conserved genome sequences, 16S rRNA sequences and multilocus sequence analyses. Molecular markers, specifically conserved signature indels, specific to this family were also identified as evidence supporting the division independent of phylogenetic trees."}, {"text": "Zharki () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. Its population was 11 as of 2010. Geography. Zharki is located on the Vanchuga River, 27 km southwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Buchkovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zhukovka () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. Geography. Zhukovka is located on the Sudogda River, 10 km south of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rayki is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Karadoc Solar Farm is a photovoltaic power station south of Mildura near the town of Iraak in Victoria, Australia. It can generate up to 112MW of electricity, and was designed by BayWa r.e. Solar. It was officially opened in March 2019. The solar farm is on a site of and was built by Beon Energy Solutions with first generation in November 2018. It has an offtake agreement to provide 74,000 MWh per year of electricity to Carlton & United Breweries for 12 years. At the time of its construction, it was the largest in Victoria at 90 MW, 112 MW. In August 2023 it was sold to Igneo Infrastructure Partners."}, {"text": "Zagorye () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 46 as of 2010. Geography. Zagorye is located 8 km northeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novoye Polkhovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zakharovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 74 as of 2010. Geography. Zakharovo is located 27 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yefimovskaya is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zayastrebye () is a rural locality (a selo) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 28 as of 2010. Geography. Zayastrebye is located 16 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Alferovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sunshine City () is a private housing estate in the town centre of Ma On Shan in the Sha Tin District of Hong Kong. It was developed by Henderson Land Development, and contains a series of 20 high-rise residential tower blocks and a series of shopping arcades. Residential towers. The residential towers, containing in excess of 4,700 residential units, were constructed in five phases during the 1990s. The majority of units are between 40 and 60 square metres. Each phase was built together with a shopping arcade. Phase 5 is also known as Tolo Place (). Shopping centre. The shopping centres for phases 1 to 3 are relatively small. MOSTown, formerly named Sunshine City Plaza (), the shopping arcade built with phase 4, is by far the largest, and has retail floor space of in excess of . Sunshine Bazaar () is the name given to Phase 5 of the mall."}, {"text": "Richard Morton Soash Sr. (August 3, 1941 \u2013 October 1, 2019) was an American rancher, farmer and politician. Soash was born on the Soash ranch near Steamboat Springs, Colorado. He graduated from Steamboat Springs High School and from Colorado State University. Soash was a rancher and farmer. He served as a Democrat in the Colorado Senate from 1976 to 1984. He died in Florida on October 1, 2019, aged 78."}, {"text": "Ilyino () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 408 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Ilyino is located 23 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Burlygino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Volkswagen Bora is a small family car, the fourth generation of the Volkswagen Jetta, and the successor to the Volkswagen Vento. Production of the car began in July 1999. Carrying on the wind nomenclature from previous generations, the car was known as the Volkswagen Bora in much of the world. Bora is a winter wind that blows intermittently over the coast of the Adriatic Sea, as well as in parts of Greece, Russia, Turkey, and the Sliven region of Bulgaria. In North America and South Africa, the Volkswagen Jetta moniker was again kept on due to the continued popularity of the car in those markets. The Mk4 debuted shortly after its larger sibling, the Passat, with rear passenger doors differing from those of a five-door Golf. The car was also offered as an estate/wagon. Options included rain sensor-controlled windshield wipers and automatic climate control. Two new internal-combustion engines were offered, the 1.8-litre turbo four-cylinder (often referred to as the 1.8 20vT), and the VR6. The suspension setup remained much as before. However, it was softened considerably in most models to give a comfortable ride, which was met with some criticism as it was still quite hard in comparison with"}, {"text": "rivals such as vehicles offered from French carmakers. Diesel. In 2004, a new range of \"Pumpe-D\u00fcse\" (PD) Unit Injector diesel engines was offered. The design employed unit injectors along with additional electronics and emissions equipment to meet emissions standards in Europe and North America, and is more complex than diesel engines previously offered. To accomplish the task of producing sufficient power while meeting emissions standards, the \"PD\" technology injects fuel directly into the combustion chamber at pressures up to 2,050 bar (30,000 psi). The purpose of the high pressure is to promote fine atomisation of the fuel, which supports more complete combustion. To reduce noise, the engine employs a \"pilot injection\" system that injects a small amount of fuel prior to the main injection. All of the new generation of diesel engines required a special motor oil to meet Volkswagen oil specification 505.01 (or newer), noting that serious damage to the engine, particularly the camshaft and injectors, will result if oil not meeting this standard is used. Safety. The car was manufactured using highly mechanised presses, improved measuring techniques, and laser welding of the roof. In crash tests, the fourth-generation car received very good marks. In the New Car Assessment"}, {"text": "Program tests conducted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the car received five out of five stars for both driver and passenger protection in a 56-km/h (35-mph) frontal impact. New side-impact tests at 62 km/h (38.5 mph) awarded the car four out of five stars for both driver and rear-seat passenger protection. Side-curtain airbags became standard in the 2001 model year. In the more severe 64-km/h (40-mph) offset test conducted by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the Mark 4 was awarded the highest score of \"Good\". Injury, collision, and theft losses were low for a car of its class. The Bora in its most basic Latin American market configuration with 2 airbags received 3 stars for adult occupants and 3 stars for toddlers from Latin NCAP in 2012. Testing and review. The Bora/Jetta A4 was praised for its adequate handling and a moderately comfortable ride. Other reviewers noted the car to be a somewhat expensive choice in the compact-car segment. Some complaints were made that the back seats lacked adequate room for two adults. Some found the seat cushioning too firm. The interior was praised for the high level of fit, but is sparsely equipped. New in this"}, {"text": "generation was Volkswagen's signature blue and red instrument lighting, which became standard in all models in 1999. The climate controls were placed low on the console. The recirculation mode cannot be turned on when air is vented to the windshield, and if the driver changes the climate control to vent air to the windshield, an internal mechanism would turn off the recirculation mode. The power outlet is recessed next to the ash tray and is covered with two flaps, one of which is shared with the ash tray. Retractable cup holders were placed directly above the stereo, obscuring vision of the stereo display and could allow beverages to spill on the stereo, gear selector, and other sensitive components during vehicle movement. Rear passengers have a pair of retractable cup holders located under the cylindrical ash tray on the center console. These problems were rectified in 2003 for the US market by placing two recessed cup holders in tandem in the center console and another behind the arm rest pedestal for rear passengers. The driver must raise the arm rest to access the center cup holder, and a large beverage occupying the front cup holder obstructs the driver's ability to pull"}, {"text": "the hand brake. European cars were given a redesigned retractable cup holder in front. The front bumper cover offered inadequate ground clearance to clear a curb in a parking space, whereby the bumper cover could hook onto the curb and be torn off the vehicle. In the US, a class-action lawsuit regarding this problem was filed in 2009, and a settlement was reached awarding owners a $140 reimbursement for repair costs. Owners reported windows falling into the doors, electrical problems, body panels rusting from the inside out, especially on the front wheel arches and wagon lift door, and emissions system defects. The fourth generation takes approximately 52 hours per vehicle to assemble in the Puebla factory. Bora Variant (wagon/estate version). Volkswagen introduced an estate/station wagon version of the fourth-generation car at the 2001 Los Angeles Auto Show as the first C-segment wagon Volkswagen offered in North America \u2014 the body style solely manufactured in Wolfsburg. The wagon offered 963 L (34 ft3) of volume with the rear seat up, and with rear seats were folded provided 1,473 L (52 ft3). In Europe, the estate version was at times marketed as a Golf wagon, either in addition to or instead of"}, {"text": "the Bora. Other than different front bumpers, fenders, headlights, and hood, the cars were identical. In some countries, VW marketed both Golf Variant and Bora Variant, with the Bora Variant being more upmarket than its counterpart. Extended production. As of 2008, the fourth-generation car marketed alongside the fifth-generation due to higher pricing of the fifth-generation in some countries such as Colombia, China, Canada, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina. Like its second-generation predecessor, the Mark 4 continued to be manufactured and marketed in China by Volkswagen Group's joint venture partner FAW-Volkswagen. In October 2006, Volkswagen re-released the fourth-generation Golf and Jetta in Canada (for the 2007 model year) as the City Jetta, to allow Volkswagen to be more competitive in the compact class. In 2008, the car was restyled to bring its looks up to date with the Volkswagen range. Its engine was the 2.0-l, eight-valve SOHC gasoline four-cylinder with an available six-speed tiptronic (with Sport mode) that was added as an option in 2008. In 2009, both model names were changed to Jetta City and Golf City. The two models were discontinued, the Jetta City for 2010 MY and Golf City for MY 2011. The MK4.5 City Jetta (Cl\u00e1sico/Bora)"}, {"text": "was manufactured alongside the fifth generation in the Puebla Assembly Plant in Mexico."}, {"text": "Inyutino () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010. Geography. Inyutino is located 27 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ovsyannikovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Isakovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. There are two streets. Geography. Isakovo is located on the Sudogda River, 22 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Trukhachevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kadyevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 21 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. It is located near the Klyazma River. Geography. Kadyevo is located 49 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Borisogleb is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Strasbourg Institute of Material Physics and Chemistry (IPCMS\u2014) is a joint research unit (UMR 7504) between the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) and the University of Strasbourg. It was founded in 1987 and is located in the district of Cronenbourg in Strasbourg, France. History. The IPCMS was born from a reflection initiated in the early eighties on the need to refocus and coordinate research in the physics and chemistry of condensed matter and materials. In the context of the then emerging Materials Center in Strasbourg, a first reorganization project for condensed matter physics was formalized in 1983. Then, in the same years, the strategic importance of materials for innovation is recognized, justifying the extension of the initial project to chemists, to constitute the backbone of the future institute by bringing together physicists and chemists on the objective of designing and studying new materials (metals, ceramics, ...) for their electronic properties (magnetic, optical, dielectric, etc.). CNRS-ULP-EHICS joint unit, the IPCMS is officially created in 1987 with Fran\u00e7ois Gautier as Director and Jean-Claude Bernier as deputy director. Originally located on five different sites of the University of Strasbourg, it was in 1994 that members of the IPCMS were grouped"}, {"text": "together in the current building on the Campus of Cronenbourg. The IPCMS is then organized into five research groups around three types of materials - polymers and organic materials, metallic materials, ceramics and inorganic materials - and two topics of study: nonlinear optics and optoelectronics on one hand, surfaces and interfaces on the other hand. Research. The multi-disciplinary nature of the IPCMS is expressed by leading activities in spin electronics, magnetism, ultra-fast optics, electron microscopy and local probes, biomaterials as well as in the synthesis and characterization of functional organic, inorganic or hybrid materials. All scales are considered from the isolated molecule to organized nanostructures on surfaces and single or two-dimensional objects, up to nano-devices. To carry out these studies, the institute has an important instrumental park for the fabrication and characterization of materials at all scales. The developments are also based on recognized theoretical skills. The projects LabEX NIE and EquipEX UNION and UTEM that the IPCMS directs reflect the recognized position of the laboratory. Located on the Campus of Cronenbourg, IPCMS is affiliated with the institutes of physics and chemistry of the CNRS as well as the Faculty of Physics and Engineering, it is also affiliated with the"}, {"text": "European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM), T\u00e9l\u00e9com Physique Strasbourg, and the Faculty of Chemistry of the University of Strasbourg. The IPCMS is very attached to maintain strong links with the industrial laboratories carrying out research in its fields of competence. Departments. The IPCMS now employs a staff of 240 including about 80 researchers and teacher-researchers and 60 technical and administrative engineers, whose activities are divided into five departments: External links. Department pages:"}, {"text": "The Tour W, formerly the Tour Winterthur, is an office skyscraper in La D\u00e9fense in the commune of Puteaux west of Paris, France. The tower was designed by architects Delb, Chesnau, Verola and Lalande. At the time of its completion in 1973, the Tour Winterthur was the fourth highest building in La D\u00e9fense. It was named after the Swiss insurance company Winterthur Group which owned the building until the end of the 1990s. It was later renamed to \"Tour W\" in 2013. In 1996, renovation works started in the building. In 2019, French software development company Axway installed an illuminated sign atop the fa\u00e7ade. The Tour W has 31 floors and 9 underground floors with an overall floor area of . The building is located near La D\u00e9fense station served by the Transilien, RER, Paris Metro and tram."}, {"text": "Hermann Pfeiffer (1902\u20131969) was a German stage and film actor. He also directed several films including \"Counterfeiters\" (1940)."}, {"text": "Ram Lal Singh was an Indian politician representing the Communist Party of India. In both 1985 and 1995, he was elected as a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Bhabua. He died on 28 February 2019 at the age of 90."}, {"text": "The kediyu is a garment worn by men in the rural coastal parts of western Gujarat, including Junagadh district. The kediyu is a long sleeved upper garment, pleated at the chest, which reaches to the waist. The prints on the kediyu include bandhani designs which are local to Gujarat and Rajasthan. The kediyu is often worn with chorno, also called kafni, which refers to the pantaloons that are wide and tied loosely at the ankles, and is based on the styles worn in Iraq which were introduced to the coastal region during the 7th century by traders. The chorno/surwal can also be worn with a jama."}, {"text": "Robinson Dvoranen (born ) is a Brazilian volleyball player."}, {"text": "Justin Douglas (born 1 January 1993) is a field hockey player from Australia. Career. State level. Justin Douglas was born and raised in Townsville, Queensland. At a junior level, Douglas represented his home state, Queensland, at all . In the Australian Hockey League, Douglas represented the Queensland Blades from 2013 to 2018, winning three titles. Following the disbandment of the AHL, Douglas was named in the Brisbane Blaze team for the inaugural tournament of the Sultana Bran Hockey One League, Australia's new premier domestic competition. Junior national team. Justin Douglas made his debut for the Australia U\u201321 side, the 'Burras', at the 2012 Sultan of Johor Cup, winning a bronze medal. In 2013, Douglas made a series of appearances for the Burras. His first tournament was the Junior Oceania Cup, where Australia won a gold medal and automatic qualification to the Junior World Cup. Following this, he appeared in a tour of Europe, as well a test series against the Malaysia U\u201321 side. His last appearance for the Australia U\u201321's came in December at the Junior World Cup, where the team finished fifth."}, {"text": "Tania Marguerite Dickinson (born 1946) is a British archaeologist specialising in early-medieval Britain. Dickinson undertook undergraduate study at St. Anne's College, Oxford and postgraduate study at the Institute of Archaeology (Oxford). Her doctoral thesis, titled \"The Anglo-Saxon burial sites of the upper Thames region, and their bearing on the history of Wessex, circa AD 400-700\", was supervised by Sonia Chadwick Hawkes and Christopher Hawkes (for the first year). In 1973 she was appointed Lecturer in Archaeology at University College, Cardiff before moving to the University York as a lecturer in 1979. She remained at York until her retirement in 2011. Dickinson was one of the lead researchers on, and chair of, the Staffordshire Hoard Research Project (2014-2015). The final report for the project was published in September 2019."}, {"text": "Brigadier General Per \"Anders\" Rolfson Persson (born 18 March 1968) is a Swedish Air Force officer. Since August 2023, Persson serves as deputy head of Sweden's military delegation to NATO in Brussels, Belgium. Early life. Persson was born on 18 March 1968 in Sollentuna, Sweden. He studied mechanics at the Chalmers University of Technology from 1989 to 1990 and attended the Swedish Air Force Flying School in Ljungbyhed from 1990 to 1991. Career. Persson attended the Swedish Air Force Officers\u2019 College (\"Flygvapnets officersh\u00f6gskola\") from 1991 to 1992 and the Royal Swedish Air Force Staff College (\"Flygvapnets krigsh\u00f6gskola\") from 1995 to 1998. Persson was promoted to lieutenant in 1996 and to captain in 1998. Persson attended the Staff Program of the Swedish Defence University from 1999 to 2000 and its Management Program from 2002 to 2004. Persson served as Project Manager in the Strategic Plans and Policy Directorate (\"Strategiledningen\") the Strategic Plans & Policy at the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters in Stockholm from July 2006 to July 2009. He then served as chief of staff of the Swedish Air Combat Training School (\"Luftstridsskolan\") in Uppsala from July 2009 to November 2010 and then as Deputy Commander of the Swedish Air Combat"}, {"text": "Training School from 2010 to December 2011. Persson was then appointed Defense Attach\u00e9 posted at the Swedish Embassy in Bern from June 2010 to June 2012. He was then chief of staff of the Air Component Command in Stockholm from January 2012 to May 2014, and as acting commander of the Air Component Command between 14 October 2013 and 31 December 2013, as well as commanding officer of the Swedish Air Combat Training School in Uppsala from 1 June 2014 to June 2017. During this time, Persson was also commander of Uppsala Garrison. Persson was head of Training and Development (Air Force) (\"Chef f\u00f6r produktionsledningen f\u00f6r Flygvapnet\", C PROD Flyg) at the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters from June 2017 to December 2018, and as Chief of the newly formed Air Staff from January 2019 to October 2019. He was appointed Deputy Chief of Air Force and promoted to brigadier general on 1 October 2019. On 1 August 2022, Persson assumed the position of Deputy Vice-Chancellor of the Swedish Defence University, and thus the highest-ranking military officer at the university. Persson was placed as deputy head of Sweden's military delegation to NATO in Brussels, Belgium from 1 August 2023. Persson is"}, {"text": "regional chairman of the Swedish Air Force Volunteers Association from June 2014."}, {"text": "Joanne Bradford is an American businesswoman and financial technology executive, who most recently served as the Chief Money Officer at Domain Money, a leading flat-fee financial planning platform that is changing the narrative on how Americans gain access to financial advice . She has had an extensive career in marketing, monetization and operations at technology and financial companies in Silicon Valley and Los Angeles, California. Education. Bradford graduated with a BA in Journalism and Advertising at San Diego State University in 1986. Career. Bradford's early career began at BusinessWeek and then Microsoft, where she led sales and product marketing for MSN and AdCenter. In March 2008, she left Microsoft to become Executive Vice President of National Marketing Services at the ad agency Spot Runner, a much smaller start up company, where she worked for six months before joining Yahoo! in the fall of 2008 as Senior Vice President of US Revenue and Market Development, heading up sales. Two years later, she became Chief Revenue Officer at Demand Media, marking her second move from a large company to a much smaller startup. This transition was controversial, as it was announced in the press before she informed her colleagues at Yahoo! that"}, {"text": "she was leaving. After a brief tenure as President of the San Francisco Chronicle, Bradford joined Pinterest in 2013, where she led early monetization efforts. She left Pinterest in early 2015 following a management reshuffle, having declined an offer to move to another role as Head of Direct Sales. Later that year, she joined lender SoFi as Chief Operating Officer. During her time at the company, she was responsible for raising SoFi's profile as a leading fintech brand. In June 2019, Bradford departed SoFi alongside two other executives, Kevin Moss and Ashish Jain, marking a significant moment for the company shortly after new CEO Anthony Noto joined in 2018. Following her departure from SoFi, she took up the role of president at Honey, a financial start up centered around automating access to discounts and the best online deals, in August 2019. In 2021, Bradford was named the chief growth officer of MNTN, an advertising technology company. Bradford has been a member of the executive board of a number of organisations, including Wave, OneLogin, Comscore, and the anti-poverty charity CARE. Awards and achievements. Bradford was included in the Forbes CMO Next 2018 List, Ad Age's 100 Most Influential Women in Advertising"}, {"text": "and was a recipient of the Bill Gates Chairman's Award at Microsoft."}, {"text": "Tori-Ellis Willetts (born 25 May 1995) is an English professional boxer who as an amateur was a two-time Elite National Champion, GB Tri-Nation Champion and represented her country internationally. Career. Willetts won the England Boxing National Amateur Championships female elite under 51 kg title in 2018 and 2019 beating Stevie Pitts and Chloe Watson respectively in the finals. Representing England, she won the 2018 GB Elite Three Nations defeating Helen Jones from Wales in the final. In 2019 Willetts was selected to compete at the World Championships in Russia where she lost by unanimous decision to Gabriela Dimitrova in the round of 32. Willetts made her professional debut on 5 May 2023 stopping Klaudia Ferenczi in the third-round at the Magna Centre in Rotherham on the undercard of the Jay Harris vs Tommy Frank bill shown live on BBC Iplayer. She challenged British and Commonwealth female super-bantamweight champion Tysie Gallagher at Canon Medical Arena in Sheffield on 27 September 2024, but lost by unanimous decision. Personal life. Willetts served in the British Army before switching to becoming a reservist while also working as a PE Teacher."}, {"text": "Martha Christine Gladtved-Prahl (n\u00e9e Nordhagen) (26 July 1891 \u2013 5 July 1973) was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. Early life and family. She was born in Kristiania as a daughter of Johan Nordhagen (1856\u20131956) and Christine Magdalene, n\u00e9e Johansen (1858\u20131933). She was a sister of Rolf Nordhagen and Olaf Nordhagen. She is aunt to art historian Per Jonas Nordhagen and computer scientist Rolf Nordhagen. After finishing her secondary education in 1909 she married Haakon Glatved-Prahl (1875\u20131958) in 1911 and settled in Alversund. Political career. She served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Hordaland during the terms 1945\u20131949 and 1950\u20131953. In total she met during 6 days of parliamentary session. She was a longtime member of Alversund municipal council and served as deputy mayor from 1951 to 1955, as well as a board member of Hordaland Conservative Party. She chaired several local and regional committees on health and homemaking, was a board member of Nasjonalforeningen mot tuberkulosen from 1936 and deputy chair from 1947 until 1960, when she retired and was proclaimed an honorary member. She was a board member of Norges Husflidslag from 1954 to 1965. A co-owner of the factory where her husband"}, {"text": "was managing director, she was also a supervisory council member of Vaksdal M\u00f8lle from 1956 to 1964. Recognition. Gladtved-Prahl was decorated with the King's Medal of Merit in gold and as a Knight of the Order of the Falcon."}, {"text": "A Deutsche Schule operated in Adelaide between 1851 and 1878, teaching, among other subjects, German to English-speaking students, and \"vice versa\". History. The \"Schule\" had its origins in the \"German and English School\", founded by E. P. Nesbit (died 1900, the father of Paris Nesbit) and Hermann Carl von Schleinitz in November 1850 at the \"German Castle\" on East Terrace. The \"Schule\" was founded by Schleinitz in Freeman Street (now that part of Gawler Place between Grenfell and Wakefield streets) a few months later, and catered to boys and girls, both native English and German speakers, though predominately the latter. English classes were taken by Henry Nootnagel. Johann Christian Hansen took over the school in 1852 during what was meant to be Schleinitz's temporary absence, The \"Schule\" had moved to Flinders Street by July 1856, and was still in operation June 1857. In 1858 Hansen was running a school in Pirie Street, but it is not certain that this was the same school. In 1859 Adolph Leschen (died 1916) and Theodor Niehuus (died 1912) reopened the Deutsche Schule in Wakefield Street near the \"Scotch Church\" (St Andrew's, later Willard Hall at nos.35\u201345). The school licence (on which depended a government"}, {"text": "subsidy) was transferred from that of Hansen. Niehuus had been second master at W. A. Cawthorne's school on Victoria Square. and Leschen instructed in gymnastics at the Flinders Street gymnasium, a passion he brought to the \"Schule\". A feature of the (now boys only) school under their management was an annual march, accompanied by banners and Heinrich Schrader's brass band, to the Maid and Magpie Hotel, where students competed in a crossbow shooting contest, the target being the effigy of an eagle, perched on a tall pole, the champion archer being then crowned \"king\" and ceremonially escorted home. This festival became a popular entertainment, particularly among the German community, with casual onlookers outnumbering parents and friends of the students. In 1869 a new building was erected for the \"Schule\" in Wakefield Street, east of Pulteney Street (so on the north side, the southern extension of Pulteney street then being designated Hanson Street). Leschen was not associated with the \"Schule\" after 1870, and in 1871 founded the \"Adelaide German\u2013English Educational Institution\" on Pulteney Street. He had been conducting a gymnastics class at the \"Adelaider Turnverein\" under the auspices of the German Club since November 1864, and classes for ladies. By 1874,"}, {"text": "following the opening of model schools, attendance at the \"Schule\" had started to decline, so Niehuus moved to smaller premises on Grenfell Street opposite the Sturt Hotel. In 1877 the Council of Education decided funding of the \"Schule\" should be extended for another year despite the recent opening of the East Adelaide school, on the grounds that it was the only suitable institution for students who spoke only German. The landlord however had other plans for their building, and Niehuus found other premises in Twin Street, off Rundle Street for the coming year. The \"Schule\" did not reopen in 1879. In 1880 Niehuus was appointed head teacher of the Hoyleton school, whose previous masters were Charles Otto and J. Friedrich Sch\u00fcttl\u00f6ffel."}, {"text": "Mohan Singh Bundela was an Indian politician belonging to Indian National Congress. He was elected as a member of Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Dhar in 1985. He died on 13 February 2019 at the age of 74."}, {"text": "This is list of original programs distributed by MySpaceTV."}, {"text": "Mikah Meyer is an American travel journalist and LGBTQ rights advocate. On April 29, 2019, he became the first person to visit all 419 units of the U.S. National Parks in a single journey. Meyer posted updates of his travels on Instagram. His trip was funded largely by donations collected at churches along the way where he sang and spoke aiming to spread a message of LGBTQ-inclusive Christianity. Meyer was recognized by NBC Out's #Pride50 as one of 20 veterans of the LGBTQ movement. Meyers is from Lincoln, Nebraska where father was a Lutheran pastor. Meyer founded the group Queers for Christ."}, {"text": "Captain Phineas Banning Blanchard (1879\u20131962) was a tall ship sea captain, among the last of the American merchant trade in the age of sail. As president and governor of several maritime associations in New York City, he was recognized for his contributions to the development of the maritime industry in the port of New York. Early years. Phineas Banning Blanchard was born at sea off the California coast in 1879 on board the bark \"Wealthy Pendleton\" to Clara E. Pendleton and William H. Blanchard, captain of \"Wealthy Pendleton\" from 1874 to 1883. At the time of his birth, the \"Wealthy Pendleton\" had been grounded on a mud flat near Santa Catalina Island. His father chose the name Phineas Banning to honor his friend General Phineas Banning of Wilmington, California. As a young man, Captain Blanchard would return to San Pedro to work for the Wilmington Transportation Company, which his namesake, General Banning, founded in 1884. The Blanchard family was among the oldest in Searsport, Maine; Captain Blanchard descended from several generations of sea captains. Phineas Banning Blanchard and his five siblings, including three brothers who were also sea captains, spent the majority of their childhood in Searsport. Military service. Captain"}, {"text": "Blanchard served eight months in the American Navy, during which he participated in the Spanish-American War as Boatswain's mate first class (BM1) on the auxiliary cruiser \"Prairie\". Command History. Captain Blanchard's first command was the American bark \"Herbert Black\" in 1899 (through 1900), when he was only nineteen years old. His father, Captain William Houston Blanchard, was also captain of the bark from 1890 to 1891, in 1896, and 1900\u20131901. Captain Blanchard's second command, which he held between 1902 and 1904, was the bark \"Willard Mudgett\". Succeeding a Captain Colcord, Captain Blanchard assumed command of the bark when his father purchased it from C. S. Gillden of Boston. Tragically, the \"Willard Mudgett\" was lost at sea on September 14, 1904, having been caught in a terrible storm between Newport News, Virginia and Bangor, Maine. At the time of her disappearance, Captain Blanchard's older brother, Frederick, was in command and their father was a passenger (on the vessel he still owned). His final command of a sailing vessel was the ship \"Bangalore\", which he began in 1906. His first voyage on the Bangalore was from Philadelphia to San Francisco, which he made as a newlywed with his wife Georgia Maria Gilkey"}, {"text": "Blanchard. This trip is chronicled in several books and articles. From 1907 through 1913, Captain Blanchard piloted steamships in the Pacific Coast service, commanding \"every boat in the Wilmington Transportation Company's fleet of vessels\". His last command was the passenger steamship \"Cabrillo\", which made daily recreational excursions from San Pedro to Santa Catalina Island. Port of New York Leadership. In 1913, Captain Blanchard retired from the sea and moved back east, settling in New York City where he would live the rest of his life. For over 40 years, he was instrumental in the development of maritime activities in the port of New York, specifically those related to freight handling. In 1915, he began work at Turner & Blanchard, Inc., contracting stevedores, formed in 1911 by Salon E. Turner and his brothers Albert Nickels Blanchard and Scott Blanchard, with an initial capitalization of $1,000. He started work on the docks as a manual laborer. And by 1937, he had become president of the company, a position as chairman he held until his death in 1962. Turner & Blanchard continued operations in New York City until 1964. Captain Blanchard was a trustee of Sailors' Snug Harbor, a home for retired merchant"}, {"text": "seamen. On November 2, 1934, he was appointed governor. He was Chairman of the Association's Committee that compiled the \"Maritime Safety Code for Stevedoring and Freight Handling Operations\". This operations manual for the safe handling of cargo to prevent personal injuries was distributed by the Department of Labor and used by the Armed Forces during World War II, with some 30,000 copies being distributed. He served as 34th President of the Marine Society of the City of New York (1933-1934) and as president of the Maritime Association of the Port of New York (1939-1941). On March 16, 1948, Captain Blanchard was recognized by the Maritime Association of the Port of New York on the 15th annual Port of New York Day for his \"distinguished contribution to the development of maritime activities in the port of New York\". As president of Turner & Blanchard, Captain Blanchard testified in March 1949 before a United States Senate subcommittee of the Committee of Labor and Public Welfare in hearings pertaining to overtime compensation provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. His testimony expressed strong support for the International Longshoremen's Association while opposing a proposal for overtime pay adjustments. Jerry Anastasia Racketeering Trial."}, {"text": "In December 1952, Captain Blanchard, then president of Turner & Blanchard, testified in a racketeering trial for Gerardo (Jerry) Anastasia, \"one of the waterfront's most feared characters and a brother of Albert Anastasia, the one-time head of Murder, Inc.\" Taking the stand, Captain Blanchard told how Anastasia and Frank Russo tried through extortion to be put on the payroll for $200 per week. Blanchard testified, \"I was so enraged. I wanted to throw them out. I told Jerry Anastasia to go and see his brother and ask him how much chance he had of getting any money out of me\". Anastasia's sentencing was postponed for several years due to ill health. He was sentenced in January 1957 to one year and a day in federal prison for perjury. Ship Models. Captain Blanchard was a master woodworker, creating dozens of fine ship models. Some of his models are in museum collections, including in the Penobscot Marine Museum in Searsport, Maine and the Mariners' Museum in Newport News, Virginia."}, {"text": "The Saginaw Daily Courier was a newspaper published from 1868 to 1881 in Saginaw, Michigan. It has its roots with an earlier local newspaper called the East Saginaw Courier. Merging with other newspapers as time went on it eventually became the \"Saginaw News\". History. The history starts with \"The East Saginaw Courier\" that was first published in June 1859 by George F. Lewis. It was printed in East Saginaw, Michigan, a city that no longer exists. The city was on the Saginaw River, located near the \"thumb\" region of Michigan. Lewis was the proprietor and first editor of the newspaper. It was at the beginning a four-page weekly publication. It came out on Thursdays. Lewis in 1861 sold his press equipment to Perry Joslin, proprietor of \"Saginaw Weekly Enterprise\" newspaper. The sale agreement was made so that Lewis could still use the press upon request. The East Saginaw Courier in 1863 updated and bought new printers. It was financed by Captain Lyon who then became a partner in the newspaper firm. Their central offices had moved around the city at least six times between 1859 and 1866. The Saginaw Courier Company of East Saginaw in 1868 was publishing the \"Saginaw"}, {"text": "Daily Courier\" and at the same time as the weekly newspaper \"East Saginaw Courier\". Lewis published both newspapers. The weekly newspaper was eventually phased out by 1881 and the two publications became \"The Saginaw Courier.\""}, {"text": "Fernand Bachmann (6 June 1886 \u2013 22 May 1965) was a car dealer, administrator of the Chenard & Walcker establishments and French racing driver. In 1923, Fernand Bachmann finished 7th in the first edition of the 24 Hours of Le Mans. Biography. Fernand Bachmann was born on 6 June 1886 in Remiremont, France, and died on 22 May 1965 in Brienon-sur-Arman\u00e7on. He was a car dealer, administrator of the Chenard and Walcker establishments, and a French car driver with Chenard & Walcker race team. Fernand Bachmann was a car dealer in France at La Madeleine, in the North, near Lille. He represented the Chenard & Walcker cars, and he was the administrator of the brand's establishments in France. 24 Hours of Le Mans. In 1923, Fernand Bachmann participated in the first edition of the 24 Hours of Le Mans organized on the Circuit de la Sarthe the 26 and 27 May 1923 by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest, on board one of the three Chenard et Walcker 3.0L S4 cars. The team Fernand Bachmann and Raymond Glaszmann (#11) finished the race in 7th place, while his brother Raoul and Christian Dauvergne (#10) placed 2nd. The victory went to the third"}, {"text": "Chenard\u2013Walcker 15 HP Tourism team (n\u00b09) piloted by Andr\u00e9 Lagache and Ren\u00e9 L\u00e9onard, and thus form the first hat-trick of the historic race of Le Mans 24 Hours. The following year, he participated at 1924 24 Hours of Le Mans with his brother on the new Chenard & Walcker Type TT 12CV 2-litres. However, because of a spectacular road exit, they did not finish the race. Fernand Bachmann then continued his racing career by participating in numerous international races such as the Spa 24 Hours in 1925 and the 24 Hours of San Sebasti\u00e1n in 1926."}, {"text": "George F. Lewis (June 7, 1828 \u2013 May 30, 1890) was a nineteenth-century American journalist and proprietor of several newspapers. He helped in the printing of the first time news of presidential election results were published. He was involved in determining there was copper ore in Michigan to be mined. He was also mayor of Saginaw, Michigan. Early life. Lewis was born in Harvard, Massachusetts, on June 7, 1828. He had a sister and a brother. In 1835, Lewis moved with his family to Mount Clemens, Michigan. Business career. Lewis was a newspaper delivery person for the \"Mt. Clemens Patriot\" when he was ten years old. As a pioneer journalist, he helped set the printing of the \"Macomb Statesman\" newspaper in 1838, when it was first published at the printing office of John N. Ingersoll, the proprietor and editor. In 1845, when he was seventeen years old, Lewis made a four-week trip to the Lake Superior region of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan with General John Stockton, a government mineral agent. On the return trip, Lewis took specimens of copper ore to Boston and New York City for examination of value. Lewis again traveled to Upper Michigan in mid-1847 to"}, {"text": "obtain samples of copper ore. On his return trip to New York City he met Horace Greeley of the \"New-York Tribune\" on journalism matters. Lewis returned to Copper Harbor in Michigan's Lake Superior region in early 1847 and remained there until the November. When he returned, Thomas M Perry of the \"Mt. Clemens Patriot\" hired him as an apprentice journalist. Lewis stayed with Perry until mid-1848, when he took a job in July at the \"Detroit Daily Commercial Bulletin\", a newspaper that had started two months earlier. Lewis helped set up the printing of the news of the presidential election victory of General Zachary Taylor in 1848 \u2013 the first time news of a presidential win had been transmitted by telegraph. Lewis worked in Michigan's government printing office at the state capital for Munger & Pattison during the winter of 1848 to 1849. He started the weekly newspaper \"Macomb County Herald\" in 1849 and worked there until 1851. Lewis started the \"Port Huron Commercial\" newspaper in 1851, and continued publishing it until April 1855. He bought the \"Peninsular Advocate\" newspaper of Mt. Clemens in September of that year; the weekly newspaper was published under his complete control until 1863, when"}, {"text": "he partnered with Major E. W. Lyon in its publication and their partnership continued until 1867. That year, B. M. Thompson became another partner and the three of them ran the publication. The \"Saginaw Daily Courier\" was then started in March 1868 by Lewis, Lyon, Thompson and Joseph Leeman. In December, Thompson bought out all the partners of the newspaper and he subsequently sold it to the Saginaw Enterprise Publishing Company. Lewis started several other Michigan newspapers including the \"Saginairian\" in 1869, the \"Mt Pleasant Journal\" in 1880, and the \"Bay City Daily Morning Call\" in 1881. Personal life. Lewis was one of the Deputy Marshals of Macomb County, Michigan, when he took the census of eight towns in 1850. He had helped his father take the 1845 Michigan census so he had experience in this task. Lewis was a historian of the Saginaw Valley, Michigan, and served as mayor of Saginaw from 1877 to 1879. He died in Saginaw of heart disease on May 30, 1890."}, {"text": "Tatyana Sherstyuk (, born August 10, 1981) is a Russian artist and curator based in Moscow. Life and work. Tatyana was born on August 10, 1981. In 2003 she gained MFA degree with a diploma at Moscow State Textile University at the faculty of Applied Arts. In 2004 she was accepted to the school of Postgraduate Education at Parsons School of Design at New York City, United States. In 2006 she was released from Institute of Television and Radio Ostankino. In 2009 she majored in contemporary art at the Institute of Contemporary Art Moscow. Tatyana creates conceptual installations. Her art is influenced by collaboration with representatives of Moscow Conceptualism. She has participated in Russian and international exhibitions from 2001, including Dakar Biennale, Moscow Biennale, Moscow International Biennale for Young Art. Among her art projects, there are independent as well as collaborative projects with Anton Nikolaev, Denis Mustafin, Alexey Sysoev, Victor Skersis, Nedda Al-Madani, and Ksenia Podoynitsina. Her artworks are owned by personal and museum collections. In 2016, Tatyana played a leading role in the movie \"Raison D'Etre\". In 2017 and 2018, she was included to the list of acknowledged artists of Russia Inart. From 2018, she has given lectures on"}, {"text": "contemporary art. In 2019 she won a VI Session of program of \"Factory studios\" (Center of Creative Industries \"FABRIKA\") a category \"Exhibition at Fabrika\". Solo exhibitions. 2013. \"Leftovers\" \u2013 solo exhibition at Center of Creative Industries \"FABRIKA\", Moscow. 2017. \"Hic Sunt Dracones\" (Latin \"Here Live Dragons\") \u2013 solo exhibition consisted from a total audio-visual installation at Center of Creative Industries. \"FABRIKA\", Moscow. Music for the installation was written by a contemporary music composer Alexey Sysoev at 2017. 2018. \"Owls are not what they seem\" joint exhibition together with Victor Skersis, Gallery 21, Moscow Contemporary Art Center Winzavod, Moscow. 2019. \"72 spins around a significant other\", Center of Creative Industries \"FABRIKA\", Moscow. 2020. \u201cA way of transformations. How I became a shadow of a cat\u201d, practices of shshsh at special project of VII Moscow International Biennale for Young Art."}, {"text": "Shah Nurul Kabir Shaheen is a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and a former member of parliament for Mymensingh-8. Career. Shaheen was elected to parliament from Mymensingh-8 as a Bangladesh Nationalist Party candidate in 2001. He is the convener of the Ishwarganj Upazila unit of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. On 9 October 2018, he was arrested under Special Powers Act. Shaheen and his party leaders maintain that these alleged charges were brought on by the local leaders of Awami League and are politically motivated."}, {"text": "Danielle Friel Otten is a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing the 155th district. She is a member of the Democratic Party. Political career. Running in opposition to the Mariner East 2 Pipeline, Otten defeated East Pikeland Supervisor Ron Graham in the Democratic primary for the 155th district by garnering 82.1% of the vote. Otten defeated incumbent representative Becky Corbin in the 2018 general election, garnering 55% of the vote. In 2020, Otten won reelection. She defeated a primary challenger, Rose Danese, winning 74% of the vote in the Democratic primary. She went on to win the general election against challenger Michael Taylor, garnering 55% of the vote. Otten currently sits on the Aging & Older Adult Services, Environmental Resources & Energy, and Human Services committees."}, {"text": "Kahupeka (sometimes referred to as Kahu, Kahupekapeka or Kahukeke) was a M\u0101ori healer in the 1400s who helped pioneer herbal medicine in New Zealand. She is remembered in oral history as a Tainui explorer who travelled the North Island, naming several locations and experimenting with herbal medicines. Life. According to Pei Te Hurinui Jones, Kahupeka was a daughter of Rangaiho, son of Hape, son of Ngare, son of Rakat\u0101ura, a tohunga of the \"Tainui\" waka and his wife Kahukeke, daughter of Hoturoa, leader of the \"Tainui\" waka. She grew up on Karioi and travelled to K\u0101whia to marry Ue, the senior male-line descendant of Hoturoa (Jones gives the line of descent as Hoturoa, Hotuope, Hotu\u0101whio, Hotumatap\u016b, M\u014dtai, Ue). Kahupeka had one son by Ue, Rakamaomao. After Ue's death, she was grief-stricken and journeyed inland from K\u0101whia. While travelling around the Waikato region, she is credited with naming many Waikato landscape features including Mount Pirongia and Te Aroha mountains. According to Jones, she first stopped at Mount Pirongia, which she called Pirongia-te-aroaro-o-Kahu (\"Smelly-in-front-of-Kahu\"). According to Tom Roa, she gave it this name because of symptoms of an illness that she was suffering from, which may have been the after-effects of a"}, {"text": "miscarriage. After this, she passed a stream which she named Manga-waero-o-te-aroaro-o-Kahu (\"Creek-of-the-dog's-hair-apron-in-front-of-Kahu\"), carried on to Te Aroha, which she named Te-Aroha-o-Kahu (\"The Love of Kahu\"). She decided to settle a little further south at a place that she named Te-Whakamaru-o-Kahu (\"The Shelter of Kahu\") and gathered the reeds for a house at Te-Whakak\u0101kaho-o-Kahu (\"The reed-collecting-of-Kahu\"), but the reeds were not good enough for building, so she carried on to the mountains west of Lake Taup\u014d, which she named Hurakia-o-Kahu (\"Exposing-of-Kahu\"). She ran out of food at Maunga-pau-o-Kahu (\"Mountain-of-the-starving-of-Kahu\"), passed over Rangitoto-o-Kahu (\"Bloody-sky-of-Kahu\"), fell sick and recovered at Pureora-o-Kahu (\"Recovery-of-Kahu\") and finally settled and died at Puke-o-Kahu (\"Hill-of-Kahu\"). After this, her son Rakamaomao returned to K\u0101whia. Some of these claims are disputed, with many believing that it was her son who named Mount Pirongia. Stories suggest she experimented with native plants while attempting to treat her illness, specifically harakeke, koromiko, kawakawa, and rangiora. According to Ranginui Walker, Kahupeka was the wife of the tohunga Rakat\u0101ura, a tohunga, who settled at Rarotonga / Mount Smart (i.e. the woman that Jones calls Kahukeke). In this version, Rakat\u0101ura gives Te Aroha its name after Kahupeka's death in Waikato, in honour of the love he"}, {"text": "felt for her. Recognition. In 2018, the Royal Society Te Ap\u0101rangi named Kahupeka as one of the 150 women who made 'valuable contributions to expanding knowledge in Aotearoa/New Zealand'. In August 2020, the P\u016br\u0101kau children's series on M\u0101ori Television included an episode featuring Kahupeka."}, {"text": "Amorina may refer to:"}, {"text": "The Battle of Tsaritsyn was decisive confrontation between the Imperial Russian Army, commanded by Johann von Michelsohnen, and serf rebels, led by Yemelyan Pugachev. After Pugachev's victory in the Kazan, Michelsohnen was tasked with the suppression of the revolt, which occurred on August 21, 1774, near Tsaritsyn although the rebels outnumbered his forces. Afterward, the rebellion quickly collapsed. Pugachev himself escaped but was captured on September 14 and executed on January 10 the next year."}, {"text": "WMJW (107.5 FM) is a radio station licensed to the city of Rosedale, Mississippi; it has a country music format known as \"Majic 107.5\" and is owned by Radio Cleveland located in Cleveland, Mississippi."}, {"text": "Patrick James O'Neill (born February 9, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL) for the New England Patriots, Chicago Bears, and New York Jets. He was selected by the Patriots in the fifth round of the 1994 NFL draft. He played college football at Syracuse University."}, {"text": "The Halle synagogue shooting occurred on 9 October 2019 in Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, and continued in nearby Landsberg. After unsuccessfully trying to enter the synagogue in Halle during the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur, the attacker, 27-year-old neo-Nazi Stephan Balliet, fatally shot two people nearby and later injured two others. Federal investigators called the attack far-right and antisemitic terrorism. The federal Public Prosecutor General took over the investigation and declared it to be a \"violation of Germany's internal security.\" Balliet was charged with two counts of murder and seven counts of attempted murder. On 10 November 2019, Balliet confessed to the charges before an investigative judge, and in December 2020, he was sentenced to life imprisonment with subsequent preventive detention. Following a thwarted prison escape attempt, which included a hostage taking, Balliet was sentenced to an additional seven years in prison in 2024. Background. All Jewish facilities in Germany are entitled to state security precautions. The police protection of Jewish facilities is a consequence of the Munich massacre in 1972. It is the responsibility of the \"Bundesl\u00e4nder\", and carried out by the state police forces. Nevertheless, the state police of Saxony-Anhalt was not present and carried out no extra security"}, {"text": "precautions at the Halle synagogue for Yom Kippur in 2019. Daniel Neumann, director of the state union of Jewish communities in Hesse, said that smaller Jewish congregations do not have the financial resources for advanced security gear, including security doors and CCTV. Attack. The attack started around noon, on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur, at the synagogue in the Paulusviertel neighbourhood of Halle. The attacker, Stephan Balliet, arrived there after a 45-minute drive from Benndorf. He live-streamed himself trying, but failing, to enter the synagogue, with video and audio from his action camera on his helmet. The entire footage lasted about 35 minutes and was streamed to the gaming website Twitch. The video shows Balliet displaying his weapons and speaking extreme antisemitic content in \"poor English.\" In the livestream, Balliet denied the Holocaust and claimed feminism led to fewer births, leading to mass immigration; he blamed \"the Jew\" for those issues. The gunman shot at the door's lock repeatedly and set off an explosive but the door was not breached, in part because the synagogue's security system had been recently upgraded. The upgrade included a security camera which allowed the 51 congregants inside to view Balliet's attempts to"}, {"text": "enter the synagogue. Balliet tried to enter the synagogue yard, firing shots and trying to ignite homemade explosives. At 12.03 p.m., a 112-distress call reached Halle fire-emergency HQ; one minute later, police were informed. At 2.40 p.m., federal police quick responders BFE+ arrived in the city of Halle. During the attack, Balliet's homemade explosives repeatedly malfunctioned, and he referred to himself as \"a loser\", being unable to breach any of the synagogue's doors, shooting his own tire by accident, and being unable to fire his gun. A female passer-by, Jana Lange, was shot several times and killed near the entrance to the Jewish cemetery next to the synagogue, after reprimanding Balliet for making noise. A man who stopped his vehicle to check on this woman was able to get away unharmed when Balliet's weapon failed to fire. After killing the woman, Balliet drove to a nearby Turkish kebab shop. There, he opened fire through the front window. A customer, Kevin Schwarze, in the shop was injured and later killed when Balliet re-entered the shop. Authorities said they were dealing with a \"rampage situation\", activated the Public Alert System Katwarn, and advised the local community to stay at home and closed"}, {"text": "the city's train station. Balliet was injured in a gunfight with police. He fled in a rented Volkswagen, leading police on an chase from Halle. First, he drove to Wiedersdorf near Landsberg, about north-east of Halle. At about 4.00p.m., a helicopter of the federal police landed in Wiedersdorf. Several police force personnel carriers and two ambulances were already present. Victims. A 40-year-old woman from Halle, Jana Lange, who was passing by on the street near the synagogue when she was shot dead was the first victim in the shooting. In the kebab shop, Balliet shot dead Kevin Schwarze, a 20-year-old man from Merseburg. In his flight, Balliet shot at a couple in Landsberg, wounding a 40-year-old woman and a 41-year-old man. The two were admitted to Halle's university hospital with gunshot wounds and successfully underwent surgery. Investigation. In the first hours after the attack, security services worked on the assumption of multiple perpetrators. Later in the afternoon, Saxony-Anhalt's state minister of the interior Holger Stahlknecht declared that there was only one attacker, who had been arrested, and that it was being investigated whether the man had been part of a social environment or networks. Balliet was arrested in Zeitz, located"}, {"text": "about south of Halle. The Federal Prosecutor (\"Generalbundesanwalt\") took over the investigation since the attack was a potential violation of Germany's internal security. The prosecutor indicated that it was investigating a \"murder with special significance.\" According to the prosecutor's spokesperson, there are currently no indications of a terrorist organisation being involved. Security sources said the then-unidentified suspect was a German national who had no prior criminal history, and that the indications of a right-wing extremist background became stronger. On 10 October, police searched Balliet's house in Benndorf near Eisleben. Balliet used the streaming service Twitch to broadcast his attacks. According to Twitch, that stream was not listed in the recommendations of the site or made public in any other way, meaning that he had to specifically send the link to people to lead them to the stream. Perpetrator. The perpetrator was Stephan Balliet (born 10 January 1992), a 27-year-old German neo-Nazi, who lived in an apartment in Benndorf near Eisleben, with his mother. He grew up in Saxony-Anhalt and learned to handle weapons during his time in the German armed forces, having done his six-month military service in a Panzergrenadier battalion as an 18-year-old. There, he was trained on the"}, {"text": "use of the HK G36 assault rifle and the HK P8 pistol. No evidence of right-wing beliefs were found in his military file. He studied \"molecular and structural product design\" for one year at the age of 22, and after that chemistry for one year at Halle University. In addition to the livestream, Balliet left a manifesto in English, where he stated his goal had been to \"Kill as many anti-Whites as possible, Jews preferred.\" The manifesto contained antisemitic and neo-Nazi messages, contained photos and descriptions of his homemade weapons arsenal and information about his intentions. Balliet claimed to have chosen the Halle synagogue as the target because it was the closest place where he could find \"the Jew.\" He wrote that \"if he could kill only one Jew, that was worth the attack.\" His manifesto showed his belief in a \"Jewish world conspiracy.\" Balliet announced his plans on an imageboard called Meguca, which was shut down shortly after the shooting. On Meguca, Balliet wrote that he had made DIY weapons in recent years using a 3D printer and that anyone who wanted to could watch him in a \"live test\" via a link to his live-stream. He utilised makeshift"}, {"text": "weapon designs by Philip Luty. A psychological assessment after the shooting described him as having a complex personality disorder with autistic traits, but that he was aware and morally responsible for his actions. He was deemed to be of an average intelligence by a forensic psychiatrist; his IQ was tested at 105. The same psychiatrist also described him as having been a socially awkward loner with an unstable sense of self-worth since his youth. During the trial he repeatedly requested he not be referred to as mentally ill under any circumstances, deeming a diagnosis \"politically motivated\". Aftermath. Reactions. At the event commemorating the 30th anniversary of the peaceful revolution in Leipzig, German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier called for solidarity with fellow citizens who were Jewish. Chancellor Angela Merkel also offered her condolences to the families of the victims and took part in a night vigil in front of Berlin's New Synagogue. The members of the European Parliament stood for a minute of silence on the day of the attack to honour the victims and send condolences to the families. Security for Jewish institutions across the country was increased. Josef Schuster, president of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, told TV"}, {"text": "station Das Erste that on the day of the attack there were no police patrols close to the Jewish facility in Halle. If the regular police force had been there, the second murder in the shop could have been avoided, Schuster said. He described it as \"scandalous\" that \"the synagogue in Halle was not protected by the police on a holiday like Yom Kippur.\" The New Zealand government's Office of Film and Literature Classification also classified the suspect's livestream footage of the shootings as objectionable, making it illegal to download or distribute in New Zealand. The Chief Censor David Shanks likened the content and filming of the video to the Christchurch mosque shootings in March 2019. The day after the attack, \"Spiegel Online\" published an article citing political scientist , entitled: \"The lone offender, who was not alone.\" Quent claimed that the perpetrator was part of a large virtual network, and that the fact that he streamed the act live and spoke in English displays the importance of this far-right \"Human Haters International\" for him. Especially because of the far-right subculture on the internet, it is difficult to avoid such acts, Quent said, since that subculture is not yet fully"}, {"text": "grasped by security services and social media law enforcement legislation, also he claims there is \"barely any research\" on the process of how radicalization occurs there. A day after the attack, Thuringia's Minister for Interior Georg Maier (SPD) and the Bavarian Minister for Interior Joachim Herrmann (CSU) called the nationalistic-v\u00f6lkisch politician Bj\u00f6rn H\u00f6cke to account. Maier said that H\u00f6cke and his party Alternative for Germany (AfD) were responsible for attacks like this, while they would be \"moral arsonists\", feeding antisemitic resentments. J\u00f6rg Meuthen, the AfD federal spokesman, strongly condemned the attack. According to the Jewish Telegraphic Agency, \"More than 10,000 people marched in Berlin against anti-Semitism and in a show of support for the victims of anti-Semitic violence in the city of Halle\" a few days after the attack. Hamas, the ruling Islamist political party and military organization of the Gaza Strip, denounced the shooting stating it \"poses a danger for all people and that terrorism has no religion or is not restricted to a single nation.\" Legal proceedings. On 11 October 2019, during a court hearing in front of the investigating judge of the Federal Court of Justice, Balliet confessed to the crime and also confirmed a right-wing extremist,"}, {"text": "antisemitic motive. His lawyer confirmed the confession. According to investigators, Balliet hoped to inspire others to perpetrate similar right-wing extremist and anti-Semitic acts. On 21 April 2020, German prosecutors announced they had filed charges against Balliet, including two charges of murder, attempted murder of 68 people, incitement, bodily harm, and predatory extortion. Balliet was sent from Saxony-Anhalt to the Federal Court of Justice, (\"Bundesgerichtshof\") in Karlsruhe. The court appointed local lawyer Hans-Dieter Weber as Balliet's defence counsel. At their first meeting Balliet asked Weber if he was Jewish, and when the lawyer said no, responded, \"Even if you were a Jew, I would not reject you now.\" Weber said that by recording the crime, Balliet had himself provided evidence. Asked about possible role models for his crime, Balliet said, he was \"aware of\" and \"followed\" major assassinations, as well as the 2011 Norway attacks and the Christchurch mosque shootings; he denied that he had been motivated by these crimes. On 21 December 2020, the sentenced Balliet to life imprisonment with subsequent preventive detention, the highest possible sentence in German law, and deemed the defendant to have a severe gravity of guilt, which effectively ruled out a release after 15 years"}, {"text": "in prison. Escape attempts. In June 2020, Balliet attempted to escape from prison, climbing an 3.4 m (11-foot) fence during a recreation period. He was recaptured five minutes later, and transferred to a maximum security prison. On 12 December 2022, Balliet took two prison guards hostage using an improvised gun during an escape attempt. Balliet lied to the guards that he had a machine gun, and forced them to open doors for him. Within an hour Balliet was overwhelmed and captured, after the hostages failed to unlock a door due to security measures. He was injured during his capture but the two hostages were unharmed. On 20 December 2022, Balliet was transferred to Augsburg-Gablingen prison in Bavaria as a result of the incident. One of the prison guards held hostage developed PTSD as a result of the incident and could no longer work. A trial relating to this escape attempt began 25 January 2024. Balliet was charged with hostage taking and violating the Weapons Act. The gun was made out of wire, writing materials, and batteries. When asked by the judge if he would attempt to escape again, Balliet stated that every living thing wants to be free, and also"}, {"text": "stated that he had decided to attempt escape because he had read about the 2022 German coup d'\u00e9tat plot. When asked where he had obtained the powder used in the cartridges for the improvised gun, he stated it was a \"professional secret\". The prosecution stated that prison staff knew that he had the ability to build weapons. On 27 February 2024 he was sentenced to seven years in prison for the escape attempt, and ordered to pay compensation to the affected officers. One of the hostages received in compensation for pain and suffering after the hostage taking, with the other receiving , and an additional for loss of earnings."}, {"text": "Abdus Salam rcds, psc (born 28 February 1942) is a former two star army officer, cabinet minister and politician. Affiliated with the Bangladesh Awami League, he served as a Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Mymensingh-9 constituency in 2024. On 11 January 2024, he is a former minister of the Ministry of Planning served in 2024. Career. Salam was elected to parliament from Mymensingh-9 as an Awami League candidate in 2008. His nomination was cancelled by the Bangladesh Election Commission for defaulting on a loan. He appealed the cancellation and was subsequently elected during the appeal process. In 2013, Bangladesh High Court cancelled his election following an appeal by an Awami League activists. Salam was elected to parliament from Mymensingh-9 as an Awami League candidate on 7 January 2024."}, {"text": "The 2020 Florida Mayhem season was the third season of the Florida Mayhem's existence in the Overwatch League and the team's first season under head coach Kim \"KuKi\" Dae-kuk. The Mayhem planned to host two homestand weekends in the 2020 season at the Watsco Center at the University of Miami and the Full Sail Live Venue at Full Sail University, but all homestand matches were canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Mayhem opened the season going 7\u20134 heading into the May Melee tournament, where they reached the finals before being defeated by the San Francisco Shock. Florida finished the season with 14 wins, 3 bonus wins from midseason tournaments, and 7 losses to claim the fourth seed in the North America season playoffs. A 0\u20133 loss to the Washington Justice on September 12 eliminated the Mayhem from the North America bracket. Preceding offseason. Organizational changes. In early October 2019, Florida released assistant general manager Scott \"Bearhands\" Tester and promoted assistant general manager Andrew \"yeHHH\" Yeh to general manager. Assistant coach Kim \"KH1\" Hyung-il was released from the team a few days later.<ref name=\"Dot 10/7\"></ref> On November 20, Florida announced the signing of former RunAway coach Kim \"KuKi\" Dae-kuk as"}, {"text": "their head coach and former MVP Space coach Kim \"Dox\" Min-seok as an assistant coach. For the 2020 season, the Mayhem debuted new colors, trading the yellow and red color scheme that the team had used for two years in favor of a 1980s Miami color scheme, featuring pink, teal, and black. Roster changes. The Mayhem enter the new season with no free agents, ten players which they have the option to retain for another year, and two players under contract. The OWL's deadline to exercise a team option is November 11, after which any players not retained will become a free agent. Free agency officially began on October 7. On October 7, Florida announced that they would not pick up the team option for flex support Jo \"HaGoPeun\" Hyeon-woo, tank Yoon \"Swon\" Seong-won, substitute off-tank Koo \"Xepher\" Jae-mo, substitute support Park \"RaiN\" Jae-ho, and substitute DPS Choi \"DPI\" Yong-joon. Florida's first acquisitions of the offseason were announced on November 20, when the team announced the signings of DPS Kim \"Yaki\" Jun-ki and support Gang \"Gangnamjin\" Nam-jin from Korean Contenders team RunAway. Roster. Transactions. Transactions of/for players on the roster during the 2020 regular season:"}, {"text": "Betty Low (1916 \u2013 March 12, 2016) was a Canadian ballet dancer and actress born in Ottawa, Ontario, who also performed under the stagename Ludmila Lvova. She is known primarily as a member of the Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo, and for her film and television acting career spanning several decades in the twentieth-century."}, {"text": "Mohammad Muslim was an Indian politician belonging to Bharatiya Janata Party. He was elected as a member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Tiloi in 1996 and 2012. He died on 29 August 2019."}, {"text": "Kamenets () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 46 as of 2010. Geography. Kamenets is located 32 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Golovino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Karevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. Geography. Karevo is located 40 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Goryachevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Karpovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010, and the district had three streets. Geography. Karpovo is located on the Voyninga River, 18 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Aksenovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kashmanovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. Geography. Kashmanovo is located 20 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Brykino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Menachek is a \"tabia\" or municipality in the Tanqua Millash district of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. The \"tabia\" centre is in Addi Bayro village (also called \"Debre Birhan\"). Until January 2020 it belonged to the Dogu'a Tembien district. Geography. The \"tabia\" occupies the flanks of the valley of the Tsech'i River that drains Dogu'a Tembien to the west. The highest peak is near Welekhlekha (almost 2700 m a.s.l.) and the lowest place in the lower Tsech'i gorge (1920 m a.s.l.). Geology. From the higher to the lower locations, the following geological formations are present: Geomorphology and soils. The main geomorphic units, with corresponding soil types are: Climate. The rainfall pattern shows a very high seasonality with 70 to 80% of the annual rain falling in July and August. Mean temperature in xxx is 17.4 \u00b0C, oscillating between average daily minimum of 9.6 \u00b0C and maximum of 24.8 \u00b0C. The contrasts between day and night air temperatures are much larger than seasonal contrasts. Springs. As there are no permanent rivers, the presence of springs is of utmost importance for the local people. The main springs in the \"tabia\" are: Reservoirs. In this area with rains that last only for a"}, {"text": "couple of months per year, reservoirs of different sizes allow harvesting runoff from the rainy season for further use in the dry season. Settlements. The \"tabia\" centre Addi Bayro holds a few administrative offices, a health post, a primary school, and some small shops. There are a few more primary schools across the \"tabia\". The main other populated places are: Agriculture and livelihood. The population lives essentially from crop farming, supplemented with off-season work in nearby towns. The land is dominated by farmlands which are clearly demarcated and are cropped every year. Hence the agricultural system is a permanent upland farming system. The farmers have adapted their cropping systems to the spatio-temporal variability in rainfall. An elongated rugged landscape extends to the west of the tabia, which is used for transhumance. History and culture. Caves and archaeological sites. The Danei Kawlos cave in the Tsech'i gorge at the west of Menachek at an elevation of about 2020 metres, is some 13.5 metres long (). It contains lithic tools, potsherds, and faunal remains of Pastoral Neolithic age. Further down, the May Ila open-air site in the Tsech'i gorge at the extreme west of Menachek at a height of about 1990 metres"}, {"text": "() contains blades, blade cores, and a few potsherds of Pastoral Neolithic age. History. The history of the \"tabia\" is strongly confounded with the history of Tembien. Religion and churches. Most inhabitants are Orthodox Christians. The Gulha Maryam church with its large forest is located in the \"tabia\". \"Inda Siwa\", the local beer houses. In the main villages, there are traditional beer houses (\"Inda Siwa\"). Roads and communication. The main road Mekelle \u2013 Hagere Selam \u2013 Abiy Addi runs 2 to 5 km south and east of the \"tabia\". There are regular bus services to these towns. Further, a rural access road links Addi Bayro and Welekhlekha to the main asphalt road. Tourism. Its mountainous nature and proximity to Mekelle makes the \"tabia\" fit for tourism. The high variability of geological formations and the rugged topography invites for geological and geographic tourism or \"geotourism\". Trekking routes 7 and 19 pass along the southern ridge in this \"tabia\". The tracks are not marked on the ground but can be followed using downloaded .GPX files. They link Inda Maryam Qorar to Debre Sema'it rock church. Facilities in Menachek are very basic."}, {"text": "Dennis O'Sullivan (born January 28, 1976) is a former American football center who played for the New York Jets and Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Tulane University."}, {"text": "Ratnakar: A New Myth of Love is a 2019 Indian Assamese-language action thriller film directed by Jatin Bora and produced by Bora and Navanita Sharma's J.B. Production. The film stars Bora and Barsha Rani Bishaya, with Nishita Goswami, Pabitra Bora, Chetana Das, and Sanjeev Hazarika in supporting roles and features young Ashramika Saikia. Plot. Jayanta is a responsible father from a remote village who lives with his beloved daughter Dubori. After Dubori is publicly reprimanded by a teacher for low grades, Jayanta confronts the teacher named Daisy, where he explains the struggles he has faced raising Dubori as a single parent. Daisy sympathises with his situation and decides to help Dubori with her studies. When some street thugs make fun of Dubori and Daisy in a park. Jayanta disguise himself as a robber at night and thrashes the thugs. Unbeknownst to Jayanta, Daisy sees this and gets shocked, where she learns about Jayanta's past. Past: Jayanta is a kind-hearted gangster for Guwahati-based businessman Devaraj Choudhary where he meets Devaraj's daughter Manashi, who is studying abroad. When Manashi returns home, she gets attracted to Jayanta's kindness and they begin dating, although Manashi has no idea that Jayanta is working for her"}, {"text": "father. After learning about Jayanta's profession, Manashi tells him to get a legitimate job and she will support him. Jayanta quits being a gangster and finds an ordinary job. Manashi marries him, Despite opposition from Devaraj and her cruel brother Rakesh, Manashi marries Jayanta and becomes pregnant with Dubori. However, Manashi dies in a car crash, but Dubori is saved. Devaraj wants to take revenge on Jayanta by taking the baby from him, but Jayanta and Dubori escape to the remote village. Present: Devaraj, Rakesh finds Dubori and kidnap her, but Jayanta rescues his daughter and also makes Devaraj and Rakesh realizes his mistakes. Jayantha, Dubori and Daisy ride back to their home. Soundtrack. \"Ratnakar\" soundtrack contains six songs composed by Zubeen Garg, and was released by 'Dhwani Records'. Songs were sung by Zubeen Garg, Gayatri Hazarika, Harchita Bhattacharya, Satabdi Borah, Navanita Sharma, Jashua Queah, and Synicah. Reception. Box office. \"Ratnakar\" was released on 11 October 2019 in 59 theatres in Assam and 11 theatres in Delhi, Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore and Hyderabad. The film had a positive audience response, with almost 80-percent theatre capacity during its first three days. It grossed 42 lakh on its opening day, the highest gross"}, {"text": "for an Assamese film to date. On the film's second day, it grossed 49.5 lakh. It earned and on its third and fourth days, respectively, bringing its total gross to crore. The film earned a total of in its first week, the Assamese film industry's highest first-week gross. After earning on 21 October 2019 (a Sunday), the film had a 10-day gross of . It earned in two weeks, an Assamese box-office record. According to \"Ratnakar\" distributors, the film netted 9.23 crore by 14 November 2019.;"}, {"text": "Cane Creek is a long 4th order tributary to the Haw River, in Alamance and Orange Counties, North Carolina. This Cane Creek is on the left bank of the Haw River. Course. Cane Creek rises on the divide between Cane Creek and Crabtree Creek (Eno River) about 2 miles east of Buckhorn, North Carolina in Orange County, North Carolina. Cane Creek then flows southwest meet the Haw River about 2 miles east of Eli Whitney in Alamance County. Watershed. Cane Creek drains of area, receives about 46.9 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 415.16 and is about 59% forested."}, {"text": "On 9 October 2019, the Turkish Armed Forces (TAF) and the Syrian National Army (SNA) launched an offensive against the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and later it involved the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) in northern Syria. It was code-named the Operation Peace Spring () by Turkey. On 6 October 2019, the Trump administration ordered American troops to withdraw from northeastern Syria, where the United States had been supporting its Kurdish allies. The military operation began on 9 October 2019 when the Turkish Air Force launched airstrikes on border towns. The conflict resulted in the displacement of over 300,000 people and has caused the death of more than 70 civilians in Syria and 20 civilians in Turkey. Human rights violations have also been reported. Amnesty International stated that it had gathered evidence of war crimes and other violations committed by Turkey and Turkish-backed Syrian forces who are said to \"have displayed a shameful disregard for civilian life, carrying out serious violations and war crimes, including summary killings and unlawful attacks that have killed and injured civilians\". According to Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, the operation was intended to expel the SDF\u2014designated as a terrorist organization by Turkey \"due to its ties"}, {"text": "with the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)\", but considered an ally against ISIL by the Combined Joint Task Force \u2013 Operation Inherent Resolve\u2014from the border region as well as to create a 30 km-deep (20 mi) \"safe zone\" in Northern Syria where some of the 3.6 million Syrian refugees in Turkey would resettle. As the proposed settlement zone is heavily Kurdish demographically, this intention has been criticized as an attempt at ethnic cleansing, a criticism rejected by the Turkish government who claimed they intended to \"correct\" the demographics that it alleges have been changed by the SDF. The Turkish operation was met with mixed responses from the international community, including condemnations as well as support for the operation for the settlement of refugees in Northern Syria. Although Turkey claimed self-defense, according to international law experts it is an illegal use of force. While originally acknowledging Turkey's \"right to defend itself\", on 15 October, Russia hardened its position against the operation and deployed troops. Ten European nations and Canada imposed an arms embargo on Turkey, while the U.S. imposed sanctions on Turkish ministries and senior government officials in response to the offensive in Syria. The Assad-led Syrian government initially criticized the SDF"}, {"text": "for the Turkish offensive, accusing it of separatism and not reconciling with the government, while at the same time also condemning the foreign invasion of Syrian territory. However, a few days later, the SDF reached an agreement with the Syrian government, in which it would allow the Syrian Army to enter the SDF-held towns of Manbij and Koban\u00ee in an attempt to defend the towns from the Turkish offensive. Shortly thereafter, Syrian state broadcaster SANA announced that Syrian Army troops had started to deploy to the country's north. Turkey and the SNA launched an offensive to capture Manbij on the same day. On 17 October 2019, U.S. Vice President Mike Pence announced that the U.S. and Turkey agreed on a deal in which Turkey would agree to a five-day ceasefire in Syria in return for a complete withdrawal by the SDF from its positions on the Syria-Turkey border. On 22 October 2019, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan reached a deal to extend the ceasefire by 150 additional hours if the SDF would move 30 kilometers away from the border, as well as from Tal Rifaat and Manbij. The terms of the deal also included joint"}, {"text": "Russian\u2013Turkish patrols 10 kilometers into Syria from the border, except in the city of Qamishli. The new ceasefire started at 12pm local time on 23 October. The captured area remains part of the Turkish occupation of northern Syria. Background. Turkish motives. Turkey has complained about a supposed presence of PKK-related forces at its southern border since 2012, when the first YPG pockets appeared during the Syrian Civil War. Following the 2014 Siege of Koban\u00ee and the expansion of YPG/SDF forces and administration, Erdo\u011fan's government considered the force a national security threat. The 2013\u20132015 peace process collapsed in July 2015, resulting in a war between PKK and Turkish forces. Like other regions in southeast Turkey, regions north of the border with Syria have seen numerous PKK-related deaths. According to a Crisis Group death toll analysis based upon Turkey government and Turkish media publications, the border regions north of SDF-controlled areas had 8 Turkey security forces and 5 civilians killed in PKK-related violence in 2018 and 2019 prior to the offensive. The \u015e\u0131rnak region had 26 security forces and 6 civilian deaths over the same period. Crisis Group did not specify if \"PKK-related\" deaths are linked to Syria's YPG and SDF, or"}, {"text": "from Turkey or Iraqi PKK. Recent increase in jobless rate and electoral collaboration of opposition parties lead to significant AKP defeats in the 2019 Istanbul mayoral election, signaling difficulties for the leadership party. Military operations are known to boost nationalism and Turkey executive's popularity. It is also seen as an effective way to break apart opposition alliances, between pro-Kurdish and pro-peace representatives actively criminalized by the government, and other opposition parties who are faced with the dilemma of betraying the informal political alliance in order to showcast popular patriotism. Moreover, another driver for the Turkish operation into Syria is the domestic politics involving the 3.6 million Syrian refugees residing in Turkey\u2014the highest number of refugees hosted by any country\u2014which has led to increasing public dissatisfaction and therefore public support and pressure for intervention. The negative sentiment against refugees among the Turkish electorate allows Erdogan and his AKP to benefit from moving refugees back to Syria. According to CrisisGroup analysis, this political strategy has cost AKP half of its conservative Kurds' supports since 2015. Immediate context rebuff. Turkey and the United States struck a deal in August 2019 after months of Turkish threats to unilaterally invade northern Syria. The United States"}, {"text": "viewed the Syrian Democratic Forces as one of its key allies in the military intervention against ISIL in Syria, while Turkey viewed the group as an extension of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), which it considers a terrorist group. The agreement established the Northern Syria Buffer Zone, which aimed to reduce tensions by addressing Turkey's security concerns with monitoring and joint patrols, while still allowing the NES to retain control over the areas that it had under its control at that time. The agreement was received favorably by the U.S. and SDF, but Turkey was generally dissatisfied with it. Turkey's dissatisfaction led to numerous Turkish efforts to expand the area covered by the buffer zone, secure Turkish control over parts of it, or relocate millions of refugees into the zone, with all of these efforts failing in the face of firm SDF resistance and American ambivalence. Despite the official start of U.S.-Turkish ground patrols, the dismantling of SDF fortifications, and the withdrawal of YPG units from parts of the buffer zone, tensions continued to rise as Turkey levied yet more demands on the SDF\u2014all of which the SDF denied, as they felt they had accepted a harsh compromise by permitting"}, {"text": "Turkish troops to take part in joint patrols with their American counterparts in northern Syria. Turkey's dissatisfaction with the status quo of the agreement grew into open hostility, with the Turkish president openly posing an ultimatum against the SDF. The ultimatum was ignored by the group and Turkey declared its \"deadline\" to have expired at the start of October that same year. Prelude. Preparations for the offensive began in July 2019, with the final preparation in October starting with the withdrawal of American forces from positions near the Turkish border. This withdrawal followed a phone call between Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan and United States President Donald Trump, wherein Erdo\u011fan informed President Trump that Turkey would \"soon\" be carrying out a planned military offensive into Kurdish-administered northern Syria against SDF-held areas east of the Euphrates river. While the U.S. government stated it did not support the Turkish-led offensive, the White House also announced on 6 October 2019 that it would not interfere, and would withdraw all personnel in the area to avoid a potential U.S.-Turkish standoff; U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo denied that this amounted to giving Turkish forces a \"green light\" to attack the SDF while a spokesman"}, {"text": "for the SDF called the U.S. withdrawal a betrayal. The US also reportedly cut off aid to the SDF in order to avoid arming them against a NATO ally. On 8 October 2019, the Turkish military reportedly bombed a convoy of weapons vehicles heading from Iraq into Syria destined for the SDF. However the SDF did not retaliate and no casualties were reported as a result of the air strike. On the same day Russian special forces opened a crossing on the Euphrates river between areas held by the Syrian Government and SDF in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate. While the SDF stated that the Syrian military was preparing to enter the city of Manbij in northeastern Aleppo, the Syrian government responded by saying the build up of the Syrian military near Manbij was being done in order to prevent the Turkish military from entering the city. On the same day, Turkish forces shelled Ras al-Ayn and fired machine guns in the vicinity of the city. Operation timeline. 9 October 2019. The operation began on 9 October 2019, with Turkish airstrikes and howitzers targeting the SDF-held towns of Tell Abyad, Ras al-Ayn where thousands of people were reported to have fled"}, {"text": "the town, Ayn Issa and Qamishli. The start of the incursion was symbolic, as it was the 21st anniversary of the PKK leader Abdullah \u00d6calan's expulsion from Syria in 1998 by the government of Hafez al-Assad. In response to the cross-border shelling, SDF's spokesman stated that Turkey was targeting civilians. Six rockets were later launched at the Turkish city of Nusaybin as a response by the YPG, and two reportedly hit the Turkish town Ceylanp\u0131nar. The SDF also announced in response to the start of the Turkish operation they would be halting anti-ISIL operations, and that two civilians had been killed. In response to the airstrikes, the SDF called upon the United States to establish a no-fly zone over northern Syria. During the day, under pressure from Congressmen and public opinion, Trump sent a letter to Erdo\u011fan urging him to come to an agreement with General Mazloum and avoid any further conflict. Enclosed within the letter was a copy of a letter written by the General detailing concessions the General would be willing to make. Trump also threatened economic retaliation, stating \"I don't want to be responsible for destroying the Turkish economy.\" According to official sources, Erdo\u011fan took offense to"}, {"text": "the letter, reportedly throwing it in the trash. The White House released the letter to the press on 16 October, receiving wide ridicule. Ground offensive. By the end of the day, the Turkish military announced that the ground phase of the operation had begun from three points including Tell Abyad. 10 October 2019. Before dawn on the morning of 10 October 2019, the Turkish military officially began the ground offensive against the SDF; they also announced they had hit 181 targets in northern Syria, and 14,000 rebels backed by Turkey, including Ahrar al-Sharqiya rebel group, Sultan Murad Division, and Hamza Division, are also taking part in the Turkish-led offensive. According to a research paper published this October by the pro-government Turkish think tank SETA, \"Out of the 28 factions [in the Syrian National Army], 21 were previously supported by the United States, three of them via the Pentagon\u2019s program to combat DAESH. Eighteen of these factions were supplied by the CIA via the MOM Operations Room in Turkey, a joint intelligence operation room of the 'Friends of Syria' to support the armed opposition. Fourteen factions of the 28 were also recipients of the U.S.-supplied TOW anti-tank guided missiles.\" The SDF"}, {"text": "said they repelled a Turkish advance into Tell Abyad. Later during the day, clashes reportedly broke out between the SDF and Turkish-aligned forces near al-Bab. Turkish-led forces made advances around the area of Tell Abyad and captured the villages of Tabatin and Al-Mushrifah. By nightfall Turkish Armed Forces declared control of 11 villages. As fighting went on around Tell Abyad, the Syrian National Army announced it captured the villages of Mishrifah, Al-Hawi, Barzan, Haj Ali and a farm east of the city. During Turkish air strikes during the fighting, SDF stated that the Turkish air force hit a prison that was holding captured ISIL fighters. Turkish media reported in the late evening that 174 SDF fighters were killed, wounded or captured. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan stated that day that 109 SDF fighters had been killed in the operation as well as an unspecified number of fighters wounded and captured. In a speech to lawmakers from Erdo\u011fan's AKP, the Turkish president also threatened to flood Europe with 3.6 million refugees if European nations continued to criticize the military operation, in particular if they labelled it an invasion. 70,000 people fled from border towns in the SDF following Turkish bombardment. According"}, {"text": "to Turkey's Ministry of National Defence, one Turkish soldier was killed by the YPG. 11 October 2019. Two journalists were wounded in Nusaybin, when the building they were filming from came under fire from Qamishli across the border by SDF fighters. The incident was broadcast live on Turkish TV channels, according to Turkish sources. Three civilians were killed in Suruc by SDF shelling. In response to the attack, Turkey shelled YPG positions in Kobani, across the border from Suru\u00e7. Eight more civilians were killed later in the day in Nusaybin and 35 were injured by SDF mortar attack, raising the total civilians killed by SDF shelling in Turkey to 18, according to Turkish sources. Seven civilians were killed in Syria by Turkish forces in the Tal Abyad area including three killed by Turkish snipers according to SOHR. As reported on this day, according to the Turkish Ministry of National Defence, a total of 399 SDF fighters were killed, captured or wounded since the start of the Turkish military operation. The Syrian National Army stated to have taken the village of Halawa which is southeast of Tell Abyad. TAF and SNA announced the capture of Tell Halaf later in the day"}, {"text": "and released a video from inside the town. In the city of Qamishli, a suspected ISIL car bomb killed five civilians, while a reported Turkish artillery strike hit a nearby prison, and five suspected ISIL members, previously detained in SDF custody, escaped according to SDF. In the city of Koban\u00ee, the area immediately around a U.S. special forces base experienced heavy shelling by Turkish artillery; the U.S. troops did not retaliate, but withdrew after the shelling ended. Turkey responded by denying that it targeted the U.S. base, instead stating that it had fired upon SDF positions. The Pentagon further raised concerns that the Turkish Army deliberately \"bracketed\" US Forces stationed in Koban\u00ee with artillery fire. According to Turkish Defense Minister, the mortar attack targeting the town of Suru\u00e7 earlier in the day was deliberately launched 1000 meters from the US base in Koban\u00ee by SDF to avoid Turkish retaliation and the attack was in response. The BBC reported that 100,000 people have fled their homes in northern Syria. The Kurdish Red Crescent (\"Heyva Sor\") said there had been 11 confirmed civilian deaths so far. Turkey's military confirmed a soldier's death, and said three others had been wounded. Turkey's Ministry of"}, {"text": "National Defence announced that three more soldiers had been killed by the YPG, two of which were killed in a mortar attack on a Turkish military base in a Turkish-occupied part of Syria. This brought the total number of Turkish soldiers killed in the operation to four. The SOHR reported that the actual number of Turkish soldiers killed in the operation was six. Later in the day, the SOHR reported that at least 12 Turkish border guards were either killed or wounded in a confrontation with the SDF in Koban\u00ee. 12 October 2019. Turkish Armed Forces and Syrian National Army said they reached the M4 highway, deep into Syrian territory and effectively cutting the supply line between Manbij and Qamishli. SNA also said they captured 18 villages close to M4 highway in eastern Raqqah. Turkish interior minister S\u00fcleyman Soylu announced that nearly 300 mortar shells had been fired at Mardin Province by the SDF since the start of the operation. Around 12:00 (), the TAF and SNA stated they had captured Ras al-Ayn, but the SDF denied that Turkey had taken control of the city. Turkish-backed members of Islamist militia Ahrar al-Sharqiya executed Hevrin Khalaf, Secretary General of the Future"}, {"text": "Syria Party. Nine civilians, including Khalaf, were executed by the Ahrar al-Sharqiya fighters at a roadblock on the M4 highway south of Tal Abyad. Turkish news source Yeni Safak reported that Khalaf was \"neutralized\" in a \"successful operation\" against a politician affiliated with a \"terrorist\" organization. Her execution was widely described by Western sources as a war crime under international law. A spokesman for Ahrar al-Sharqiya meanwhile announced that she was killed for being \"an agent for U.S. intelligence\". A Bellingcat video solidly traces the killings to rebels backed by Turkey Ahrar al-Sharqiya. 13 October 2019. Turkish Armed Forces and Syrian National Army announced the capture of the town of Suluk, located in Tell Abyad District, in the early morning. The SOHR confirmed that the Turkish forces and SNA had taken full control of Suluk, and clashes were nearing towards Ayn Issa. The SOHR also reported that pro-Turkish forces had targeted an ambulance in the Tell Abyad area which remains missing. The SOHR also reported that the SDF was able to regain almost all control over the contested city of Ras al-Ayn after a counterattack. Tell Abyad captured and M4 highway cut by Turkey and SNA. Turkish Armed Forces and"}, {"text": "Syrian National Army announced in the afternoon they had captured the center of Tell Abyad. Turkish Armed Forces and Syrian National Army fully captured Tall Abyad late in the afternoon according to the SOHR. Turkish Armed Forces and Syrian National Army also cut the M4 highway according to SOHR. Turkish sources also reported that SDF shelling towards Jarablus had killed 2 Syrian civilians. In light of the pro-Turkish forces advance on Ayn Issa, the SDF stated that 785 ISIL-linked people had escaped from a detention camp in the area, SDF also stated the escapees received assistance of the pro-Turkish forces and Turkish airstrikes. In contrast, Turkey stated that the SDF released ISIL prisoners at the Tell Abyad prison before the arrival of Turkish forces. This statement was supported by U.S. President Donald Trump, but opposed by senior U.S. officials who stated that Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army (FSA) forces were the ones freeing ISIL prisoners. United States Secretary of Defense Mark Esper said that US was planning to evacuate all 1,000 remaining soldiers from northern Syria. US also informed SDF of its intention to withdraw from military bases in Manbij and Koban\u00ee and had already evacuated from Ayn Issa according to"}, {"text": "SOHR and \"The Washington Post\". Syrian government\u2013SDF deal. Shortly after the capture of Tall Abyad by Turkey and SNA, a deal between the Syrian government and SDF was reached whereby the Syrian Army would be allowed to enter the towns of Koban\u00ee and Manbij in order to deter a possible Turkish military offensive in those areas. Later an advisor to leader of AKP Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, Yasin Aktay, said there could be conflict between the two armies, if the Syrian government tries to enter northeastern Syria. SDF commander-in-chief Mazloum Abdi said he was willing to ally with the Syrian government for the sake of saving the Kurdish population in Northern Syria from what he called a genocide. 14 October 2019. Russian and Syrian forces were reported to have been deployed at the front line between areas controlled by the Manbij Military Council and Euphrates Shield groups respectively, with further deployments to take place along the Syrian-Turkish border. In addition, the SOHR reported that the U.S. forces in the region were attempting to hinder the Russian and Syrian deployments in the region. The SOHR reported that violent clashes had continued in Ras Al-Ayn and its countryside at the border strip, where"}, {"text": "the Turkish forces were attempting to encircle the city completely and to cut off the road between Ras Al-Ayn and Tal Tamr, under a cover of artillery shelling and airstrikes with the purpose of taking control of the city by 15 October. Turkish aerial and ground bombardment were reported to have occurred in the border town Al-Darbasiyyah targeting civilian houses which caused 4 reported injuries of medical personnel as per the SOHR. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan told a press conference that Turkey had received a positive response from Russia on Kobani and that Turkey was at the execution phase of its Manbij decision. Turkish Armed forces deployed additional troops to Manbij frontline as of the previous night according to Turkish sources. Turkish Minister of National Defence Hulusi Akar said that Tal Abyad and Ras al-Ayn were under Turkish control and that works were ongoing for the whole region. The Syrian Army reportedly deployed to the town of Al-Thawrah, as well as Ayn Issa, Tell Tamer and as close as 6 km from the Syria\u2013Turkey border. It also took over the 93rd Brigade Headquarters just south of Ayn Issa, as well as Al-Jarniyah to the east of the Euphrates. The"}, {"text": "Syrian Army further reported taking control of the Tabqa Dam. The Syrian flag was reportedly raised for the first time in years in several towns and villages in the Al-Hasakah Governorate, such as the city of Al-Yaarubiyah. Jarabulus Military Council was reportedly to have targeted a vehicle south of Jarabulus by a guided missile leaving 2 persons dead in conjunction with an assassination that targeted members of Turkey-loyal factions south of Azaz. Turkish Armed Forces and Syrian National Army launched a military operation to capture Manbij in the late afternoon. Turkish Armed Forces and Syrian National Army captured 3 villages in the Manbij countryside shortly after the launch of the operation according to Turkish sources. At the same time, Syrian state media stated that the Syrian Army had started entering the town. Announcement of total U.S. withdrawal from north Syria. Later in the day, U.S. President Donald Trump announced that all U.S. personnel would withdraw from Syria except those in Al-Tanf base. 15 October 2019. The SOHR reported that a counterattack was carried out by the SDF in the outskirts and western countryside of Ras al-Ayn city, and managed to achieve an advancement in the area recovering 3 areas lost"}, {"text": "previously. 2 civilians were killed and 12 were wounded in K\u0131z\u0131ltepe, Turkey after an SDF mortar attack according to Turkish sources. Turkish President Erdo\u011fan, speaking at the Turkic Council in Baku, said: \"We are now announcing the establishment of a safe area 444 km from west to east and 32 km from north to south, to which the refugees in our country will return.\" President Erdo\u011fan also said a total of had been captured by TAF and SNA since the start of the operation. President Erdo\u011fan also said a Turkish soldier was killed in Manbij by Syrian Army artillery fire and that there was an intense retaliatory fire for the attack which made the regime pay a heavy price. Syrian Army forces started entering the town of Manbij according to SOHR, but were blocked by US troops when trying to enter Kobani according to SOHR, which resulted in the convoy's return to Manbij. Syrian Army forces also entered Al-Thawrah according to Syrian government media. Later, Erdo\u011fan told that Syrian Government troops entering Manbij is \"not negative\" and adding \"as long as terrorists in the area are cleaned\". 16 October 2019. Villages around the M4 in Jazira province were reportedly shelled"}, {"text": "by the TAF at dawn while shelling and clashes had caused power outages and a water shortage in the city of Al-Hasakah, the latter of which returned after 5 days since it had been cut off, as per a SOHR report. The SOHR also reported that clashes continued to the west of Ayn Issa as the SDF attempted to launch a counterattack where they were able to successfully regain 2 locations. Clashes had also broken out within the SDF-controlled camp in Ayn Issa between families of ISIL members and displaced civilians which resulted in 2 deaths, as per the SOHR report. Heavy shelling and airstrikes by the TAF were reported in Ras al-Ayn with heavy fighting on the ground according to SOHR. The SOHR further reported that Turkish forces and allied factions had launched a wide scale offensive and managed to advance into parts of the Ras al-Ayn city. Turkish President Erdo\u011fan announced that Turkey controlled over 1200 square kilometers area since start of the operation. The Russian military deployed near Kobani on 16 October in the afternoon after crossing Qara Cossack bridge from Manbij to the east of Euphrates according to SOHR. The SOHR also reported that the Syrian"}, {"text": "Army had completed its deployment in Ayn Issa, north of Raqqa. The Syrian Army also reportedly entered the city of Koban\u00ee at nightfall. This was precipitated by the sudden advance of the Syrian National Army towards the Kurdish-held border city. U.S. army withdrawal from its military bases. US forces withdrew and destroyed its former air base, south of Koban\u00ee. The airbase was the largest U.S. base in Syria, capable of landing C-130 as well as C-17 heavy transport planes. 17 October 2019. TAF and SNA forces completely besieged and captured half of Ras al-Ayn after getting around the town and cutting off the roads leading to it amid heavy clashes according to SOHR. Turkish Interior Minister S\u00fcleyman Soylu stated that over 980 mortar shells and rockets were launched at Turkey by SDF since the start of the operation killing 20 civilians. 120-hour ceasefire. On 17 October 2019, US Vice President Mike Pence and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan reached a deal to implement a 120-hour cease-fire for Turkey's operation in northern Syria to allow SDF to withdraw from a designated safe zone, spanning from the Turkey-Syria border to 20 miles (32 km) south. Mike Pence stated that once the military"}, {"text": "operation completely stops all sanctions imposed on Turkey by the United States would be lifted and there would be no further sanctions. According to a US statement, the safe zone would be \"primarily enforced by the Turkish Armed Forces\". This ceasefire deal was described as another US betrayal of the Kurds and a Kurdish surrender to Turkey by several US commentators and officials. Turkish Foreign Minister Mevl\u00fct \u00c7avu\u015fo\u011flu stated that it was not a ceasefire but a temporary pause to allow SDF to withdraw from the designated safe zone, after which if completed the operation would end and if not the operation would continue. The SDF commander Mazloum Abdi said that they accepted the ceasefire agreement only in the area between Tall Abyad and Ras al-Ayn. The Syrian Kurdish politician Salih Muslim stated that \"Our people did not want this war. We welcome the ceasefire, but we will defend ourselves in the event of any attack \u2026 Ceasefire is one thing and surrender is another thing, and we are ready to defend ourselves. We will not accept the occupation of northern Syria.\" During the ceasefire. 18 October 2019. Cautious calm prevailed at the east of Euphrates on 18 October according"}, {"text": "to SOHR with minor clashes in besieged Ras al-Ayn. The SDF claimed that Turkey was violating the ceasefire and of shelling civilian areas of Ras al-Ayn. An unnamed US official said the following day that Turkish backed forces had violated the ceasefire, and the SDF had stopped fighting. Turkey announced it aimed to establish 12 \"observation posts\" in its safe zone, with President Erdo\u011fan stating that Turkey will respond if the Syrian government \"makes a mistake\". 19 October 2019. SDF had not withdrawn from any positions east of Euphrates despite the passage of 37 hours of the US-Turkish agreement to suspend the Turkish military operation for 120 hours according to SOHR. SOHR also reported that since the start of the operation, Turkish Armed Forces and allies had captured an area of . Both sides claimed that the other side was violating the ceasefire. The SDF stated that Turkish forces prevented medical aid from reaching Ras al-Ain, a claim backed by SOHR. Unnamed US officials said the \"ceasefire is not holding\". In the afternoon the SDF said an aid convoy had been let through, after having been prevented from entering the town since Thursday. 20 October 2019. SDF withdraws from Ras"}, {"text": "al-Ayn. A Turkish soldier was killed by a mortar attack near Tal Abyad due to violations of YPG according to Turkish Defense Ministry, whilst the SDF stated that 16 fighters had been killed by Turkish forces. SDF fully withdrew from Ras al-Ayn alongside the aid convoy per SOHR. Both sides claimed that the other side made ceasefire violations. Continued U.S. withdrawal. US forces withdrew from their airbase near Sarrin as well as their airbase near Tell Beydar and destroyed it per SOHR. US forces had completely withdrew from the countrysides of Aleppo and Raqqa per SDC as well. In the largest ground move to date, a United States convoy of almost 500 personnel moved eastward through northern Syria towards the border of Iraq. As they withdrew, locals threw rotten produce and shouted insults at them, demonstrating a sense of betrayal among the populace. U.S. President Donald Trump favored leaving a contingent of 200\u2013300 US troops in Deir ez-Zur countryside of eastern Syria where majority of the country's oil fields are located per NYT and WSJ. The SDF, however, stated that \"The fields have stayed in our hands. We have an agreement with the [Syrian] regime to give them some of"}, {"text": "our positions along the Turkish border, but we have not negotiated with them on the oil fields yet. There will probably be a version of joint control and revenue sharing with the regime from these fields. I don\u2019t know if Trump understands this.\" 21 October 2019. The SOHR reported continued ceasefire violations despite the withdrawal of the SDF from Ras al-Ayn. Per SOHR, Turkish drone strikes had targeted a vehicle carrying 4 members of the SDF near Ain Issa, resulting in the death of all fighters. The Abu Rasin area, east of Ras al-Ayn also experienced heavy clashes and shelling by Turkey as per SOHR. On the aftermath of the SDF withdrawal from the Ras al-Ayn, there were widespread accounts of looting, theft, burning of houses and kidnappings by the pro-Turkish forces with documented examples of members of the Hamza Division per to the SOHR. The SOHR reported a US withdrawal from northern Syria with a military convoy passing through Simalka border into Iraq at midnight. 22 October 2019. Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu has stated that Russia would need to deploy additional troops and equipment to Syria to patrol the border. As the deadline of the US-brokered 120-hour ceasefire"}, {"text": "agreement was nearing, Shoigu further stated that the US had less than two hours to comply with the agreement (i.e., removing the sanctions against Turkey) and suggested that the US forces had until the end of the 120-hour period to withdraw from Syria. According to Syrian state news channel Al-Ekhbaria, Syrian President Assad has told Russian President Putin that his government rejects the occupation of Syria's lands under any pretext in a phone call today. In a reference to the SDF during his visit to the war zone near Al-Habeet in Idlib, the Syrian President Assad stated that \"We said we are ready to support any group that takes up popular resistance against Erdogan and Turkey. This is not a political decision, we have not made a political decision, this is a constitutional duty and this is a national duty. If we don't do this, we don't deserve the homeland.\" U.S. senator Mitch McConnell introduced a resolution in opposition to President Trump's withdrawal from Syria. Jim Jeffrey, US special envoy for Syria and the global coalition against ISIL, said that he was not consulted or advised in advance about the withdrawal of the US from Syria. Russian\u2013Turkish memorandum. On 22"}, {"text": "October 2019, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan met in Sochi and reached an agreement about the situation in Syria. They subsequently released a 10-point memorandum detailing the provisions of the agreement. In the agreement, the established status quo of the Operation Peace Spring area, covering Tell Abyad and Ras Al Ayn with a depth of 32 kilometers from the border, will be maintained. Starting from 12.00 noon on 23 October, Russian military police and Syrian border guards would enter the Syrian border territory outside the Operation Peace Spring area to facilitate the removal of the YPG in the area with a depth of 30 kilometers from the border, which would be finalized within 150 hours. Hereafter, joint Russian\u2013Turkish patrols would start to the west and east of the Operation Peace Spring area to a depth of 10 kilometers from the border, excluding Qamishli city. The YPG would be removed from both Manbij and Tal Rifat. Russian President Putin informed Syrian President Assad about the provisions of the deal in a phone call. The Russian government announced that Assad voiced his support for the agreement and was ready to deploy the Syrian border guards in line"}, {"text": "with the agreement. 23 October 2019. President Trump announced that there was a 'permanent' ceasefire in the region and sanctions on Turkey would therefore be lifted, but he also added that the word 'permanent' is questionable for that part of the world. US lawmakers publicly criticized Trump's decision to lift the sanctions. Dmitry Peskov, the Russian presidential press secretary, urged the Kurdish forces to withdraw from Syria's border namely because the Syrian border guards and Russian military police would have to step back otherwise, adding that the remaining Kurdish units would be 'steamrolled' by the Turkish military. Peskov further stated that the United States had both betrayed and abandoned the Kurds despite being their closest ally in recent years. As \"Newsweek\" first reported, it's stated that the United States is considering and preparing to deploy tanks and troops to defend the oil in eastern Syria. Even though the stated purpose is preventing ISIL from regaining the oil fields, the effort is just as likely an attempt to block Syria and Russia. 24 October 2019. Syria's state news agency SANA reported that Turkish troops and allied fighters attacked Syrian army positions outside Tal Tamr, resulting in several Syrian casualties as they"}, {"text": "fought back, and clashed with Kurdish-led fighters. The SOHR also confirmed clashes between the SDF and the Syrian National Army near Tal Tamr. The Kurdish-led SDF said that three of its troops were killed during the fighting with the Syrian National Army. Russia carried out several airstrikes in the Syrian rebel-held territory, targeting the Idlib, Hama, and Latakia provinces among comments by analysts that Idlib, the remaining Turkey-supported rebel stronghold, was the Syrian government's next target. During the NATO meeting, Germany's Defense Minister Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer had presented a proposal for an internationally monitored security zone in northeast Syria to be mandated by the United Nations. The following day, the Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov rejected the idea of a NATO-controlled security zone in Syria. On 26 October, the Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu also rejected the German plan for an international security zone and said that the proposal was not realistic. 25 October 2019. US Defense Secretary Mark Esper said the United States would send troops, including 'mechanized' forces, to defend the oil in eastern Syria to keep it from ISIL. It was unclear whether the Kurds would welcome the Americans again in the aftermath of the US withdrawal, as"}, {"text": "Syrian Kurdish leader Ilham Ahmed commented earlier on 24 October that \"If the U.S. presence in the area is not going to benefit us when it comes to stability, security, and [stopping] the genocide and ethnic cleansing, they won\u2019t be welcomed.\" The Russian Defense Ministry announced that around 300 Russian military police have arrived in Syria. The military police, from the Russian region of Chechnya, would patrol the border region and help with the withdrawal of the Kurdish forces from the border region. 26 October 2019. The Turkish President Erdogan said that \"If this area is not cleared from terrorists at the end of the 150 hours, then we will handle the situation by ourselves and will do all the cleansing work.\" The Turkish president also criticized the European Union of lying to provide the 6 billion euros to help house and feed around 3.6 million Syrian refugees residing in Turkey, while stating that the EU only provided half of the promised amount and adding that Turkey has spent around 40 billion euros. He warned that Turkey will open its border for the refugees to go to Europe if European countries failed to provide more financial support for the return"}, {"text": "of the refugees to Syria. A U.S. military convoy drove south of Qamishli heading towards the oil fields in Deir el-Zour. The SOHR also reported the convoy when it earlier arrived from Iraq. Major General Igor Konashenkov, the Russian Defense Ministry spokesman, characterized the US actions to send armored vehicles and combat troops to protect the oil in eastern Syria as 'banditry'. The Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov spoke with the US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo about Syria, with the Russian side emphasizing the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Syria according to the Russian public statement. A large convoy of Syrian government troops was deployed to eight villages at the Ras al-Ayn area along the M4 highway and close to the Syrian\u2013Turkish border. Casualties were reported after clashes in Tal Tamr and Ras al-Ayn, nine dead among the pro-Turkish forces and six dead among the SDF. 27 October 2019. The SDF released a statement saying: \"The SDF is redeploying to new positions away from the Turkish\u2013Syrian border across northeast Syria in accordance with the terms of the agreement in order to stop the bloodshed and to protect the inhabitants of the region from Turkish attacks.\" 29 October 2019. The"}, {"text": "SOHR reported reoccurring clashes between joint Syrian\u2013SDF forces and Turkish-led forces in the area between Tal Tamr and Ras al-Ayn. During the clashes along the border, Turkish forces reportedly killed 6 Syrian soldiers near Ras al-Ayn. Meantime, Turkish Ministry of National Defense announced that they have captured 18 persons who stated to be Syrian government forces. Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu announced that the Kurdish-led armed forces had withdrawn from the safe zone along the Syria\u2013Turkey border. Post-ceasefire activity. Diplomatic relations. In a press statement addressed to the SDF, the Syrian Defense Ministry announced that they would accept any unit who is willing to join the Syrian military in a joint effort to battle invading Turkish troops and the Turkish-supported Syrian rebels, and offered reconciliation to those not needed for security. The Syrian Interior Ministry offered civil services across the northeast, as they described the difficult living conditions due to the Turkish-led incursion. They also offered to integrate the Asayesh security forces of the SDF into the government's internal security agency. The Syrian Education Ministry offered to support the children, as they described that children are deprived of schooling due to the unrest. In response, the SDF said that they"}, {"text": "appreciated the efforts to unify Syria's defense and repel the Turkish aggression but also stated: \"Our position was clear from the beginning, wherein uniting the ranks should begin from a political settlement that recognizes and preserves the exclusivity of the SDF and its structure, and creates a sound mechanism for restructuring the Syrian military establishment as an overarching framework for unifying efforts.\" Situation around the safe zone. On 31 October, the Turkish President Erdogan announced that the joint Turkish-Russian patrols in northeast Syria would begin on Friday. On 1 November 2019, Turkish and Russian forces began their joint patrols. Since the ceasefire, there have been intermittent clashes between Syrian government troops and Turkish-backed forces around Ras al-Ain and Tal Tamr. Turkey returned 18 Syrian government soldiers who were captured by Turkish-backed Syrian fighters south of Ras al-Ayn amidst growing tensions between Syria and Turkey. The Turkish Defense Ministry announced the handover on 1 November. 31 October 2019. The SNA shelled the village of Tal-al ward resulting in the deaths of 2 civilians and injuring an additional 5. Small skirmishes occurred in the western side of Tal Al-ward between forces of the SAA, SDF and SNA. The SAA withdrew from the"}, {"text": "villages of Temir, Zirgan and Dirbesiye following bombardment from the SNA. The SDF bombarded the villages of Azizia and Jamiliyyeh, which caused the 2 military vehicles of the SNA to be destroyed. 3 people were killed and 4 injured from the shelling. According to pro-SDF media US reinforcements arrived at Sarin Base including 17 armored vehicles and 82 trucks. Nevertheless, the base was captured by Russian forces on 17 November. The SDF began a counter-offensive around Tall Tamr. November 2019 Syria bombings: On 2 November, a car bomb attack killed at least 13 civilians in Tell Abyad, 2 weeks after its capture from SDF. Turkey and SNA accused the SDF as responsible for the attack. The SDF responded in a press statement stating: \"We believe this is the work of the Turkish state and their intelligence and mercenaries to frighten and terrorize the local people\". 1 November 2019. The SNA attempted to enter the vicinity of Tell Tamer. Firefights between the SDF and SNA occurred in the villages of Anek al-Hawa, Tal Muhammad, Khirbet Jammu and Mahmudiya. The SDF claims it has made advances into the villages of Mahmudiya and Khirbet Jammu. 6 November 2019. The SNA launched an offensive"}, {"text": "north of Ayn Issa, shelling SDF positions. The SDF and SNA clashed in villages of Mahmudiyyeh, Soda, Arisha, Abu Rasin, al-Qantra area as well as other areas on the outskirts of Ayn Issa north of al-Raqqah city as well as the exchange of shelling between the SDF and SNA. Clashes also occurred in the village of Aneeq Al-Hawa of Abu Rasin town as well as Manajir town south of Ras Al-Ayn. 8 November 2019. Protests occurred in Northern Syria against joint Turkish/Russian patrol protesters threw rocks and shoes at armored vehicles. Turkish patrols responded with tear gas. One protester was run over during the protest and died shortly after. 11 November 2019. A car bomb south of Tell Abyad killed 8 civilians and wounded over 13. Turkey claimed that the YPG was responsible for the attack. 16 November 2019. A car bomb in Al-Bab, targeting its bus terminal, killed 19 people, including 13 civilians. Additional 30 persons were wounded. Turkish Ministry of National Defense said that YPG and PKK was responsible for the attack. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack. Turkish Ministry of National Defense said that the Turkish Army had defused over 988 IEDs and 442 mines,"}, {"text": "which were placed by the YPG, since the start of the operation. The SDF made advances into the northern countryside of Tal Tamr town in the area leading to Abu Rasin, capturing positions and points north of Tal Tamr, the TAF responded with drone strikes on SDF positions. 17 November 2019. Russian forces entered the abandoned US base near Sarrin and seized control of it. Video footage of the abandoned US base was shared by Russian forces who entered the base showing abandoned US equipment. 18 November 2019. According to a pro-opposition media source, an SNA commander, Abu Hafs Al-Gharbi was killed in clashes with the SDF. Ayn Issa clashes. Clashes occurred between SNA and SDF on 20 November around the SDF controlled Ayn Issa, clashes resulted in the death of 8 SNA Fighters and 4 SDF fighters in the first day of clashes. According to pro-SDF media SNA attacked villages around Ayn Issa with rockets, UAVs and heavy weapons, as well as the positions in Tell Tamer. As a result of fighting in Ayn Issa, guards of Ayn Issa refugee camp \u2013 home to ISIS families, left their posts to fight the SNA and several ISIS families managed to"}, {"text": "escape as a result. Later in the same day SDF launched an offensive to retake Shrekrak silos from the SNA, SDF shelled SNA positions and the SNA shelled the surrounding villages controlled by SDF. The SNA continued to advance towards Ayn Issa, which resulted in 13 SNA fighters dying and 6 fighters dying among the SDF. SDF managed to regain full control of Ayn Issa and its surroundings after heavy clashes and a counter attack. Russian Planes flew over Ayn Issa after the failed offensive. 23 November 2019. A car bomb went off in Tell Abyad, killing 9 and wounding 20 civilians. 24 November 2019. The SDF captured villages near Ayn Issa, after failed SNA offensive near Ayn Issa. 21 SNA fighters were killed in the fighting. SDF casualties are unknown. War crimes. In October 2019, Syrian Kurdish authorities and doctors reported a number of patients with severe burns seemingly caused by a chemical weapon, accusing Turkey of employing the chemical white phosphorus to target people. Hamish de Bretton-Gordon, a former commander of the UK's chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear regiment, said of wounds he had been shown pictures of, \"the most likely culprit is white phosphorus\". Syrian Kurdish authorities"}, {"text": "also accused Turkey of using napalm. The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) stated that it was aware of the situation and collecting information over the reported use of chemical weapons but cautioned that it had not yet determined the credibility of the allegations. However, the OPCW did not launch an investigation into the alleged use of white phosphorus, stating that the issue falls outside its remit as white phosphorus injuries are produced by thermal rather than chemical properties. It remarked that \"White phosphorus is commonly used in military operations to produce smoke or provide illumination. When white phosphorus is used as smoke, illumination or as an incendiary weapon, its use does not fall under the purview of the Chemical Weapons Convention\". Amnesty International stated that it had gathered evidence of war crimes and other violations committed by Turkish and Turkey-backed Syrian forces who are said to \"have displayed a shameful disregard for civilian life, carrying out serious violations and war crimes, including summary killings and unlawful attacks that have killed and injured civilians\". In Autumn 2019, video footage and photographs emerged in which Turkish-allied Syrian rebel forces were seen apparently committing executions and other war crimes; the"}, {"text": "Syrian National Army condemned these acts and the Turkish government said it was investigating. Jim Jeffrey, the US envoy for Syria and the global coalition against ISIL, has stated in a hearing before the US Senate Foreign Relations Committee that they have seen several incidents which they consider war crimes committed by the Turkish-supported Syrian opposition forces, and characterized these groups as very dangerous and even extremist in some cases. In a US House Foreign Affairs Committee hearing, he stated that they have reached out to the Turkish government to discuss the war crimes committed by the Turkish-supported opposition. Hevrin Khalaf, a Syrian Kurdish political leader, and other people, was summarily executed by the armed faction Ahrar al-Sharqiya. UN human rights spokesman Rupert Colville stated that \"Turkey could be deemed responsible as a State for violations committed by their affiliated armed groups, as long as Turkey exercises effective control over these groups, or the operations in the course of which those violations occurred. [...] we urge the Turkish authorities to immediately launch an impartial, transparent and independent investigation into both incidents, and to apprehend those responsible, some of whom should be easily identifiable from the video footage they themselves shared"}, {"text": "on social media.\" According to Committee on Violations under the Ministry of Defence of Syrian Interim Government, the perpetrators were detained and sent to the military judiciary. Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu has responded that Turkey will investigate any allegation of human rights violations in the region and will not tolerate any human rights violation. Members of the pro-Turkish Levant Front also evicted Christians from their homes in Tell Abyad, though left the local Kurds mostly alone. In March 2024,A car explosion in the Syrian town of Azaz near the Turkish border resulted in the deaths of 7 individuals and the injury of thirty others during a crowded market time. Suspicions for the attack point towards Kurdish-led YPG or Assad loyalist factions, with no immediate claim of responsibility. Reports by the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR), Turkish backed forces have looted countless homes in Ras al-Ayn and Tal Abyad have engaged in theft of property, physical, and verbal abuse, kidnappings of civilians for ransom and abuse against the citizens who did not flee. According to the report some civilians, unable to flee, paid smugglers $300 in order to be delivered to"}, {"text": "the nearest point of the Autonomous Administration areas (Rojava) at which point they were handed over to Turkish intelligence as members of the SDF after their money was taken from them. A report by SOHR states that Turkish backed factions began demolishing houses in Kormazat villages of local Kurds who fled from fighting as well as members of the SDF from Tal Abyad, as well as taking barley in Abu Julud village in Mabrukah area in the western countryside of Ras Al-Ayn. Population displacement. SOHR states that the number of displaced people exceeds 300,000 amid the humanitarian crisis and conflict. People have fled towards the autonomous Kurdish region within the border of Iraq. Ibrahim Kalin, a Turkish presidential spokesman, has stated that they do not want Syrian government or Kurdish forces in the Syrian border areas but intend Turkey to oversee the region. He further said that Turkey intends to resettle up to 2 million Syrian refugees, currently in Turkey, who will not go back if these areas are under the control of either of these forces. In response to European criticism, Turkish President Erdo\u011fan warned that Turkey would \"open the gates\" for 3.6 million refugees who are currently in"}, {"text": "Turkey to go to Europe if its military operation is called an invasion. This comes under the context that Europe has employed foreign countries such as Turkey to serve as border guards, in a policy of border externalization. Amnesty International remarked that Turkey \"has borne a disproportionate responsibility\" hosting 3.6 million refugees from Syria while European countries \"have largely devoted their energies to keeping people seeking asylum from their territories\" including not resettling the refugees residing in Turkey, the tensions between Turkish citizens and Syrian refugees are rising, and the decline in Turkish public support for refugees has led to an expression in policies where the Turkish government aims to resettle its Syrian refugee population in a demilitarized safe zone with the 2019 military operation as the latest development. Amnesty International has reported that Turkey is illegally and forcibly deporting its Syrian refugees back to Syria while portraying the returns as voluntary. Hami Aksoy, a Turkish Foreign Ministry spokesman, stated that Turkey rejects Amnesty International's statements about the forceful repatriation and underscores that Turkey is conducting the safe and voluntary return of Syrians. There are fears of ethnic cleansing of the Kurds from the region. Jens Laerke, spokesman for the"}, {"text": "United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs said that 94,000 civilians have returned to their homes, while 100,000 are still displaced. ISIL prisoners. There are concerns about a possible resurgence of the Islamic State (ISIL) in the region, as the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF)\u2014who conducted counter-terrorism operations against ISIL and held the ISIL captives in the region\u2014fight against the Turkish-led offensive and thus could lose control over the detainees. There are at least 10,000 ISIL prisoners and more than 100,000 ISIL family members and other displaced persons in several camps across northeastern Syria. A number of the ISIL detainees are foreign fighters, but their status have become increasingly uncertain due to the Turkish offensive as their own countries refuse to take them. As the threat of ISIL emerged as consequence, European countries have been criticized for failing to act by taking back their nationals, while the situation deteriorates. When asked about the situation after the US withdrawal from Syria, US President Donald Trump dismissed the threat of ISIL, remarking that \"they're going to be escaping to Europe\". \u00celham Ehmed, a Syrian Kurdish official, stated that the SDF felt betrayed by their American allies for \"exposing us to"}, {"text": "an invasion by Turkish troops who aim to destroy us\", remarking that they do not have the resources to both defend against the Turkish attacks and maintain security over the ISIL captives. Nevertheless, as stated by Jim Jeffrey, the US special envoy for Syria and the global coalition against ISIL, on 23 October, almost all of the prisons that the SDF were guarding are still secured and the SDF still have people there. The SDF commander Mazloum Abdi said, on 21 October, that there aren't any prisons in the Turkish-occupied areas and that all prisoners from those areas have been moved to prisons under their control. As a consequence of the US withdrawal and the Turkish offensive, the SDF will be more restricted in time and resources to help the United States in the fight against ISIL, as it is also focused on the threat from the Turkish forces and the preservation of its autonomy against Syria and Russia. According to Turkish sources, the SDF freed ISIL prisoners from a prison in Tal Abyad before Turkish forces could arrive. Other US officials, however, refuted the accusations, which they called baseless and false. They stated that the SDF are still defending"}, {"text": "their bases and are relocating ISIL detainees to facilities further south. They also reported that the Syrian National Army is purposefully releasing ISIL prisoners, previously held by the SDF before their territory was captured. At least 750 ISIL affiliates were reported by the SDF to have escaped from a displacement camp in Ayn Issa after Turkish bombing on 13 October 2019. On 23 October, Jim Jeffrey stated that over 100 prisoners of ISIL have escaped and that they do not know where the escapees are. On 18 October, Turkish Ministry of National Defense claimed that YPG had freed over 800 ISIL prisoners in Tal Abyad. On 19 November, the Defense Department inspector general released a report finding that the American withdrawal and subsequent Turkish incursion allowed ISIL to \"reconstitute capabilities and resources within Syria and strengthen its ability to plan attacks abroad\". Reactions. Domestic Turkish reaction. The Turkish offensive initially enjoyed support from party leaders across the political spectrum, with the support of three major opposition parties, but not the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP). Opposition newsrooms and opposition parties were largely supportive of the operation. However, as time progressed, the Turkish opposition began criticizing the governmental strategy. Opposition Republican People's"}, {"text": "Party leader Kemal K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu blamed the government's \"adventurous foreign policy\", stating that \"If I do not respect the territorial integrity of another government, I will make enemies. Today we have made all the world as our enemies.\" Meanwhile, opposition \u0130yi Party leader Meral Ak\u015fener urged the government to dialogue with Assad in order to make peace while criticizing President Erdo\u011fan for his silence on U.S. sanctions. According to a research by Metropoll, the amount of support to the operation was at 79 percent, while Operation Olive Branch had 71 percent support according to the poll before. Detainments in Turkey. Turkish police detained more than 120 online critics of the Turkish operation for spreading \"terrorist propaganda\". Turkish prosecutors opened investigations against MPs Sezai Temelli and Pervin Buldan, co-leaders of the pro-Kurdish HDP party. Turkey detained at least 151 members of the HDP, including district officials, and at least 4 HDP mayors for reported links to the PKK, which Turkey considers to be a terrorist group. Turkish authorities have also detained web editor of opposition \"BirG\u00fcn\" newspaper (who was later released) and managing editor of the online news portal \"Diken\". The government launched a domestic campaign to eradicate dissenting opinions from media,"}, {"text": "social media, streets actions or any civil parties opposing the military operation. On 10 October, Turkey's broadcasting regulatory body RT\u00dcK warned media that \"any broadcasting that may negatively impact the morale and motivation of the soldiers or may mislead citizens through incomplete, falsified or partial information that serves the aims of terror\". Social media dissidents, journalists, protesters have been criticized of \"terrorism\" and harassed via criminal investigation, arbitrary detention and travel bans. Dissidents face lengthy prison sentences if found guilty. Controversy in Northern Cyprus. On 12 October President of Northern Cyprus, Mustafa Ak\u0131nc\u0131 made \"anti-war\" remarks in response to the operation, in which, although defending the right of Turkey to defend itself, said that in all wars there will be much bloodshed. Erdo\u011fan as well as VP Fuat Oktay condemned Ak\u0131nc\u0131's statement. While Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus, Ersin Tatar's National Unity Party attempted to get a resolution through the legislature that condemned Ak\u0131nc\u0131, and called for his resignation for his statement. Ak\u0131nc\u0131 also received a slew of death threats, and filed a complaint on 17 October to the police. Erdo\u011fan said that Ak\u0131nc\u0131's legitimacy is thanks to Turkey, and should therefore support Turkey. Ak\u0131nc\u0131 rebuked Erdogan, stating \"There is"}, {"text": "only one authority decides how to get to this office, it's the Turkish Cypriot people\". Sanctions and suspension of arms sales. European Union. On 10 October, a large majority of Dutch MPs backed the introduction of sanctions against Turkey. France, Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, Finland, Sweden, Spain, Italy, and Norway implemented export restrictions on arms exports to Turkey. France as well as Sweden expressed their intention to back an EU-wide weapons embargo on the nation, with discussions in the European Union on possible union-wide sanctions on Turkey beginning on the 13th. Italy, formerly Turkey's largest arms supplier, later joined the arms embargo against Turkey. On 14 October, all EU countries agreed to stop selling arms to Turkey, but stopped short of an official union-wide arms embargo. The EU also issued a press release condemning \"...Turkey\u02bcs unilateral military action in North East Syria which causes unacceptable human suffering, undermines the fight against Da\u02bcesh and threatens heavily European security.\" United States. Trump said he was working with congressional leaders, including the Democratic opposition, to impose \"powerful\" economic sanctions against Turkey for its cross-border attacks in north-eastern Syria. Senator Lindsey Graham warned that he would \"introduce bipartisan sanctions against Turkey if they invade"}, {"text": "Syria\". He said he would also \"call for their suspension from NATO if they attack Kurdish forces who assisted the United States in the destruction of the ISIS Caliphate\". Bipartisan legislation has been introduced in the Senate to sanction Turkey, as well as in the House of Representatives. On 14 October, the U.S. government declared sanctions against the Turkish ministries of defense, interior and energy. The U.S. statement delivered by Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin and Vice President Mike Pence denounced the Turkish government for \"endangering innocent civilians, and destabilizing the region, including undermining the campaign to defeat ISIS\", said that the U.S. had not given a \"green light\" to a full-on Turkish invasion, and warned that sanctions would continue and worsen \"until Turkey embraces an immediate ceasefire\". On the same day, U.S. President Donald Trump demanded a ceasefire from Turkey in a conversation with Turkish President Erdo\u011fan, froze negotiations on a $100bn US-Turkey trade deal, and imposed sanctions on Turkish government officials. On 16 October, the United States House of Representatives, in a rare bipartisan vote of 354 to 60, \"condemned\" President Trump's withdrawal of U.S. troops from Syria, for, in the view of both parties, \"abandoning U.S. allies, undermining"}, {"text": "the struggle against ISIS, and spurring a humanitarian catastrophe\". On 17 October, after reaching a ceasefire agreement with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, US Vice President Mike Pence announced that all sanctions imposed on Turkey by the United States would be lifted and there would be no further sanctions once a permanent ceasefire was reached in the operation. On 29 October 2019, the U.S. House of Representatives voted 405\u201311 to recognize the Armenian genocide, as a result of Turkey's invasion of Syria. However, the motion was blocked in the Senate by South Carolina Republican Senator Lindsey Graham, following a request from the White House. On 12 December 2019, the Senate unanimously passed a resolution recognizing the Armenian genocide, after it had been previously blocked by three different Republican Senators (Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, David Perdue of Georgia and Kevin Cramer of North Dakota) at the request of the White House. Likewise, Trump's sudden pullout of US forces in Syria was also criticized by many, including former US military personnel, as a \"serious betrayal to the Kurds\" as well as a \"catastrophic blow to US credibility as an ally and Washington's standing on the world stage\", with one journalist stating"}, {"text": "that \"this is one of the worst US foreign policy disasters since the Iraq War\". On 19 November, the US Defense Department inspector general released a report finding that the American withdrawal and subsequent Turkish incursion allowed ISIL to \"reconstitute capabilities and resources within Syria and strengthen its ability to plan attacks abroad\". However, James Jeffrey, the US special envoy to Syria, said he had concealed the true number of US troops from the Trump administration, while praising Trump's decision to withdraw troops. \u201cWhen the situation in northeast Syria had been fairly stable after we defeated ISIS, [Trump] was inclined to pull out. In each case, we then decided to come up with five better arguments for why we needed to stay. And we succeeded both times.\u201d It ended with U.S. forces still operating in Syria, denying Russia and the Syrian regime territory and preventing remnants of ISIS from regrouping. He also noted that no one in Washington had ever offered the Kurdish forces (People's Defense Units) assurances against NATO ally Turkey. Media coverage. In Turkey, authorities such as the Chief Prosecutor's Office of Istanbul have been criticized of censoring critical reports of the Turkish offensive into Syria through detaining"}, {"text": "or harassing journalists in an attempt to \"intimidate the media into silence\". Furthermore, Turkish President Erdo\u011fan has written op-eds about the Turkish offensive, which has been characterized as propagandist in nature. Much of western media's coverage and commentary of the U.S.'s role in the conflict emphasized President Donald Trump's \"strategic blunder\" that led to the Turkish offensive, particularly his upending of the U.S.'s general alliance with the Syrian Kurds, the withdrawal process of U.S. ground forces, and the greater geopolitical and humanitarian impact of the offensive. ABC News was criticized for incorrectly portraying footage from a Kentucky gun range as footage of Turkish forces bombing Syrian territory in early October. This portrayal of the incident in the video was quickly debunked. The news network has since issued an apology for their mistake. Aftermath. In October 2019, in response to the Turkish offensive, Russia arranged for negotiations between the Syrian government in Damascus and the Kurdish-led forces. Mazloum Abdi, the Syrian Kurdish commander-in-chief, announced that they were ready to partner with Vladimir Putin (Russia) and Bashar al-Assad (Syria), stating that \"We know that we would have to make painful compromises with Moscow and Bashar al-Assad if we go down the road"}, {"text": "of working with them. But if we have to choose between compromises and the genocide of our people, we will surely choose life for our people.\" The details of the agreement is unknown, but there are reports that suggest that the SDF will be incorporated into the Syrian Armed Forces and that northeastern Syria will come under direct rule of the Syrian government in Damascus. According to Syrian Kurdish officials, the deal allows Syrian government forces to take over security in some border areas, but their own administration would maintain control of local institutions. The prospects for Kurdish autonomy in the region was severely diminished, because the Kurds were exposed to the Turkish-led offensive by the US withdrawal and the Russia-backed Syrian government forces under Assad\u2014whose commonality is enmity towards Turkey and Sunni rebel militias\u2014regained their foothold in northeast Syria after the Kurds had to seek their help. In regards to the United States and the situation, Mazloum Abdi stated that \"We are disappointed and frustrated by the current crisis. Our people are under attack, and their safety is our paramount concern. Two questions remain: How can we best protect our people? And is the United States still our ally?\""}, {"text": "A deep sense of betrayal by their once American allies has come to be felt among the Syrian Kurdish populace. As announced by Russia's Ministry of Defense on 15 October, Russian forces have started to patrol the region along the line of contact between Turkish and Syrian forces, indicating that Russia is filling the security vacuum from the sudden US withdrawal. Video footage shows Russian soldiers and journalists touring a base that the US left behind. Alexander Lavrentiev, Russia's special envoy on Syria, warned that the Turkish offensive into Syria is unacceptable and stated that Russia is seeking to prevent conflict between Turkish and Syrian troops. Several US lawmakers have criticized the abandonment of their Kurdish allies, remarking that it undermines US credibility as an ally while benefiting Russia, Iran, and the Syrian regime of Assad. Meanwhile, several commentators in Moscow have stated that the situation is not in the immediate Russian interests, as the Turkish intervention in Syria clashes with Russia's backing of the Syrian government in the region, but it may provide opportunities for Russia as mediator as the US withdraws from Syria. Commentators have remarked that, since the US withdrawal, Russia has cemented its status as the"}, {"text": "key power broker in the Middle East. Due to the situation in Syria, there are signs of a schism between Turkey and other NATO members, in which NATO is seen as effectively \"powerless\" to manage the situation and the Turkish government is aware that NATO does not hold much leverage. Furthermore, US President Trump, as well as US military and diplomatic officials, has cited the NATO membership of Turkey as a key reason that the United States can not be involved in the conflict between the Turkish and Syrian Kurdish forces. Meanwhile, due to Turkey's strategic position between Europe and the Middle East, the NATO alliance members are in a situation where they have limited themselves to relatively muted criticism. The U.S. is reviewing the potential withdrawal of its nuclear weapons from Incirlik airbase under NATO's nuclear sharing as a result of the Turkish offensive per NYT. Republican senator Lindsey Graham and Democratic representative Eric Swalwell have called for possibly suspending Turkey's membership in NATO. On 9 December, Russian troops entered Raqqa and began distributing humanitarian aid. Turkish actions. Erdogan stated that Turkey was ready to resettle the Syrian refugees in the northern area that Turkey had invaded, and that"}, {"text": "Turkey would pay for it if necessary. On 9 December 2019, various local accounts indicated that Turkey was moving Syrian refugees into its zone of operations in Northern Syria for the first time. Erdogan said that Turkey was working to settle one million people in the cities of Tal Abyad and Ras Al-Ain in northern Syria. This has led to fears of population change. Russia said it would pledge to remove Turkish forces from a key highway in northern Syria, and replace them with Russian forces to maintain stability. Meanwhile, Turkey began to appoint mayors in several northern Syrian towns. It was reported that the Russian and Turkish armies had made a deal whereby electricity would be supplied to Tal Abyad by Russia's allies, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF); while water would be supplied by the Alouk water station that is controlled by Turkish forces. This deal was mainly facilitated by Russian military officials. It appeared that Turkey was withdrawing all of its forces away from the al-Shirkark silos, which hold important supplies of wheat, this seemed to be a result of Russian mediation. Russian and Turkish forces are continuing their joint patrols. Questions remained about how much control Turkey"}, {"text": "has over its proxies, such as the Free Syrian Army. Syrian and AANES actions. Some reports stated that Bashar Assad was favorable towards Russia's efforts to restore calm and to stabilize the situation in Syria. Meanwhile, various Kurdish faction that were historical rivals began to meet in order to work together more. Their stated reason was to stand together against Russia and Turkey more strongly if needed. The Russian government has informed the Kurdish factions that they should reconcile and come up with a unified set of demands to clarify to Russia. Various Kurdish factions blamed each other and their council for lack of progress. Mustafa Bali, head of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) said there were some agreements on the ground with the Syrian government, for Syrian forces to be deployed along the border. Russian military officials forged agreements between Syria, Turkey and SDF for areas to be patrolled by each side. The national Syrian government sent representatives to northeast Syria to meet with local groups there in order to address their concerns and to emphasize unity and combined effort to address problems. A meeting occurred in Qamishli city, in northeast Syria, that included Syrian national officials, and delegates"}, {"text": "from Kurdish, Arab, and Syrian figures and forces. The delegates emphasized their desire to help to protect Syria as a whole. At a panel discussion on the conflict in December 2019, several experts said the conflict was slowly moving towards resolution. One expert said that the \"Astana\" diplomatic process, involving Turkey, Russia, and Iran, was having some positive results. Experts also said that Bashar Assad had made progress in restoring rule by local councils in areas affected by the conflict. Russia said it would pledge to remove Turkish forces from a key highway in northern Syria, and replace them with Russian forces to maintain stability. Meanwhile, Turkey began to appoint mayors in several northern Syrian towns. On 9 December 2019, various local accounts indicated that Turkey was moving Syrian refugees into its zone of operations in northern Syria for the first time. Erdogan said that Turkey was working to settle one million people in the cities of Tal Abyad and Ras Al-Ain in northern Syria, leading to fears of population changes. Diplomacy with NATO member nations. At the NATO summit in London in December 2019, President Emmanuel Macron of France highlighted major differences with Turkey over the definition of terrorism,"}, {"text": "and said there was little chance this aspect of the conflict could be resolved positively. Macron criticized Turkey strongly for fighting against groups who had been allied with France and the West in fighting terrorism. Numerous issues in resolving the conflict emerged at the NATO summit in London. Turkey proposed a safe zone where Syrian refugees could be relocated, but this idea did not receive support from all parties. One professed \"exclusive\" press report claimed that prior to the NATO Summit, there was a meeting at 10 Downing Street of the leaders of France, the UK, Germany and Turkey. One key point that emerged that the Western countries insisted that refugees could only be relocated voluntarily. Meanwhile, there were concerns in NATO about Turkey's growing closeness with Russia. Erdogan claimed that a four-way summit on Syria was scheduled to occur in Turkey in February 2020, to include Turkey, Germany, the UK and France. Diplomacy with nations outside NATO. At a meeting in Damascus, Russian and Syrian officials clearly stated their support for Syria regaining control over all of its territory. The United Arab Emirates also expressed official support for Assad. A new round of meetings for the Astana summit process"}, {"text": "took place in the Kazakh capital Nur Sultan. The meeting includes Russia, Syria, Turkey and Iran."}, {"text": "Arnup is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Arnup Cup, award in Canadian law student contest"}, {"text": "Chiu Siu Wai (; born 16 February 1996) is a former Hong Kong professional footballer who played as a forward. Club career. On 2 October 2019, Chiu was loaned to Happy Valley. In July 2023, Chiu joined Kowloon City."}, {"text": "Vrithra is a 2019 Indian Kannada-language crime drama film written and directed by R Gautham . The film has been bankrolled by Lalitha, Shambulingayya Swami and Rajwant Singh. The film stars Nithya Shri while Prakash Belawadi and Sudha Rani appear in supporting roles. Photographer Auditya Venkatesh has worked as the cinematographer for Vrithra while EM Arun and DA Vasantha have handled the editing and the music departments respectively. Plot. Investigation officer Indra Rao (Nithya Shri) comes across a series of conspicuous clues as she immerses herself in a seemingly open and shut case. However, as the story progresses, she is left to make a difficult choice-her career or the truth. The story involves a metaphor between the contemporary Bengaluru transforming into a jungle ruled by animals. Indra Rao is a sub-inspector who initially deals with ordinary crimes in the city, from petty offenses to nuisance. However, she is handed over a suicide case, which she considers ordinary at the beginning due to the number of people committing suicide in the city in a daily basis. Her uncle Prakash Belawadi explains to her that she is trapped in a complex chess game where she doesn't have any clue of who her"}, {"text": "opponents are. When she goes to find the truth behind the suicide, she finds that the Vrithra is not what she thinks he is but someone who is trying to remove the boundaries in society. The hoarders in society that have all the resources are the actual Vrithra, and she has to make a choice between letting her higher-ranked officer know that she is trying to make things right. Production. The movie was launched with Rashmika Mandanna as the lead protagonist. However, the makers later replaced her with stage artist Nithya Shri. The trailer of Vrithra was released on 3 October 2019. The movie has been censored with 'U' certificate and is slated to release on 11 October 2019. Reception. A critic from the \"Deccan Chronicle\" wrote that \"If you are one of those serious minds, who look for quality in what's inside than the glittery package on the outside, then go watch this interesting demon being unraveled\". A critic from \"The Hindu\" wrote that \"Though the film starts promisingly, the final reveal ends up as a damp squib\". A critic from \"The Times of India\" wrote that \"The main premise of the story is not new and director Gautham"}, {"text": "throws in plot points that are not addressed well. For a debutant, though, he deserves a pat on the back for the attempt to try something different in terms of the execution\". A critic from \"Deccan Herald\" wrote that \"As a thriller, \u2018Vrithra\u2019 is decent if not great. You see the big reveal coming from a distance\". A critic from \"The New Indian Express\" wrote that \"Gautham undoubtedly keeps the audience guessing every minute of his debut film\". A critic from the \"Bangalore Mirror\" wrote that \"A neat package that a discerning audience should not miss\"."}, {"text": "SS 584 (also known as Multi-Tier Cloud Security (\"MTCS\")) is an information security standard, published by Singapore Standards. The standard was last revised in 2020. SS 584 specifies a Management system for Cloud Security, to three levels. Organizations that meet the requirements may be certified by an accredited certification body following successful completion of an audit. Rationale. Although most Cloud Service Providers are certified to ISO 27000, the ISO standard does not focus on the unique risks arising from provisioning via the Cloud. Smaller customers also have difficulty assessing if a CSP's ISMS is sufficient for their needs, as ISO 27001 is risk-based, and may vary significantly between implementations. This may be a barrier to adoption by SMEs, who would like a simpler way to decide if a CSP meets their needs. To encourage adoption of Cloud Services, the then IDA established a series of groups in 2012 to produce a standard that CSPs could certify to. The standard would have multiple levels of security assurance: Note that the standard interchangeably uses the terms \"tiers\" and \"levels\". History of SS 584. SS584:2013 was issued in 2013, and the program was initially administered by IDA. In 2015, the standard was revised"}, {"text": "(SS 584:2015). At this time, Accreditation was handed over to the Singapore Accreditation Council, a division of Enterprise Singapore, in line with other Singapore Standards. As of late 2019, the standard is being revised again, with inputs from industry, and a new version will be issued in Oct 2020. Certification. CSPs that wish to have their services certified must classify each into IaaS, PaaS, or SaaS. They also decide to which level they wish to demonstrate compliance (Tier 1, 2, or 3). For compliance to Level 3, the CSP must be certified to ISO/IEC 27001. CSPs must obtain the services of an Accredited Certification Body, who will audit the management system of the CSP for compliance to SS 584. The CB will then issue a Certificate attesting to this, usually valid for three years. Annual Surveillance Audits are required. A list of Services and CSPs certified is available. Examples of Certified CSPs include IBM and AWS. Overseas Acceptance. Although the standard is not an International standard, as the first national standard to address Cloud Security, it has seen acceptance outside Singapore. In particular, the Korean RSEFT regulations recognise SS 584 as meeting most of the requirements for CSPs. Documents from"}, {"text": "Datamation and CloudwatchHUB describe the international use and impact of this standard."}, {"text": "The Faroe\u2013Shetland Channel is stretch of the North Atlantic lying between the two island groups of Shetland and the Faroe Islands. The channel is a rift basin that separates the Scottish and the Faroese continental shelves, and has a maximum depth of 1900 m, compared to the surrounding seabed which mostly lies at 200 m. It was first noted by Charles Wyville Thomson during the mid-nineteenth century. Strategically, the channel forms part of the GIUK gap. Nature and conservation. Since 2014 two parts of the channel lying with Scottish Offshore Waters have been designated as Nature Conservation Marine Protected Areas:"}, {"text": "Bhimanjaneya Yuddham (transl. The war between Bhima and Anjaneya) is a 1966 Indian mythological film directed by S. D. Lal. It was produced by T. Ramakoteswara Rao under the banner Mahalakshmi Movies. The film was shot in Telugu. The story is an adaptation of a small tale from \"Mahabharata\" where Bheema meets Anjaneya. Their conversation turns into a war. Plot. In Treta Yuga, Anjaneya is supposed to be Vayu's son, while Bhima is Vayu's son in Dvapara Yuga. According to the epic Ramayana, Anjaneya is supposed to be immortal and devotee of Rama. According to Mahabharata, Bhima is strong and top in valour of his times. The plot of this movie runs around what happens when these two strong men head to war. Sougandhika flowers are supposed to bloom and seen only at sunrise. Kubera uses these flowers to worship Lord Siva. Nalakoobara, Kubera's son, is fond of Soudamini, while Rambha loves him. To solve the problem, Narada calls for a dance competition between the two. When Soudamini wins, she is gifted one Sougandhika flower. Nalakoobara proposes Soudamini and tells the gifted flower is the symbol of their love and puts it into her hair. Kubera, realising that one flower"}, {"text": "is less in worship and that the flower is adorned in Soudamini's head, orders for her banishment. Rambha, taking advantage of the situation, throws Soudamini into river Ganga. The flower in her head is washed away and is received by Droupadi while Soudamini reaches Anjaneya's hermitage. Droupadi asks Bhima to get more such flowers. Bhima gets them from Gandharva world with the help of Manimantha. On returning, Bhima is encountered by Anjaneya and in turn, Soudamini mistakes Bhima to have stolen the flowers. Anjaneya gives flowers to Soudamini and asks her to return to her world. While he fights Bhima. Soudamini reaches Gandharva world and is cursed by Kubera to be deformed into ugly one. Ghatotkacha, son of Bhima, comes to rescue Bhima and a massive war occurs between Bhima and Anjaneya. With his magical powers, Ghatotkacha tries to cheat Anjaneya turning himself into Lord Sri Rama. Anjaneya believes that Rama came and releases Bhima from his Tail lock. Knowing the truth, Anjaneya gets angry and shows his Viswaroopam. Again the war continues and the universe shakes because of this causing cyclones, volcanoes etc. Finally, Narada muni tells Kubera to take back his curse and turn Saudamini to normal, to"}, {"text": "give Sougandhika flowers to Bhima and with blessings of Anjaneya, do the marriage of Nalakoobara and Soudamini. On the other hand, Anjaneya and Bhima get to know that both Lord Sri Rama and Lord Sri Krishna are same. Rest of the story is about how Lord Krishna comes to the rescue and stops the war. Soundtrack. Music was composed by T. V. Raju. Lyrics were written by C. Narayana Reddy, Thandra Subramanyam, Arudra and Rajasree."}, {"text": "Oviyavai Vitta Yaru Seeni () is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language comedy film directed by Rajadurai and produced by Madurai Selvam. It stars Sanjeevi and Oviya. The film was renamed after the lead actress following her new-found popularity after her appearance in the reality television show \"Bigg Boss\". Featuring music composed by Srikanth Deva with lyrics by Vairamuthu and Snehan, the film began production in mid-2014 was released in May 2019. Production. The film began production during June 2014 and marked the debut of producer Madurai Selvam, a former press relations officer for actors including Arjun, Goundamani and Senthil. Rajadurai, who had earlier made \"I Love You Da\" (2002), was signed on as the director, while Sanjeevi and Oviya were cast in the lead roles. The shoot took place throughout late 2014 and early 2015, but the producer's financial problems meant that the film was unable to find a distributor. During the making of the film, the producer also fell out with the director, who claimed he was not paid his remuneration. In August 2017, the film's producer Madurai Selvam opted to change the title of the film from \"Seeni\" to \"Oviyaava Vitta Yaaru\", which could be further abbreviated to \"Oviya\"."}, {"text": "\"Seeni\" was changed to the film's tagline. The move was made following the lead actress's new-found popularity following her stint on the Tamil reality television show \"Bigg Boss\". The producer also increased the visibility of actors Ganja Karuppu and Vaiyapuri, and lyricist Snehan, on the promotional material of the film, post their appearance on \"Bigg Boss\". The producer hoped to release the film in late 2017 or early 2018, but further delays meant that the film finally had a theatrical release in May 2019. Soundtrack. Soundtrack was composed by Srikanth Deva. Release. In its review, \"The Indian Express\" wrote the film was \"watchable to some extent\". \"The Times of India\" gave the film a rating of two-and-a-half out of five stars and wrote \"the movie has nothing new to offer and lacks an engaging story, too.\""}, {"text": "Kiselnitsa () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 12 as of 2010. Geography. Kiselnitsa is located on the Klyazma River, 30 km north of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Trofimovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Klimovskaya () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 23 as of 2010. Geography. Klimovskaya is located west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mirnoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kliny () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2010. Geography. Kliny is located on the Kamenka River, 19 km west of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kashmanovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kolesnya () is a rural locality (a village) in Lavrovskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 22 as of 2010. Geography. Kolesnya is located 18 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Peredel is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Christine Stevens may refer to:"}, {"text": "Kolychevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 102 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Kolychevo is located 39 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Komary () is a rural locality (a village) in Golovinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. Geography. Komary is located 27 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lukinskogo doma invalidov is the nearest rural locality. External links. ITV article about a Komary soldier killed in Ukraine https://www.itv.com/news/2022-04-19/in-putins-heartland-russian-mothers-mourn-their-sons-killed-in-ukraine"}, {"text": "Lau Chi Lok (; born 15 October 1993) is a Hong Kong professional footballer who currently plays as a forward for Hong Kong Premier League club Rangers. Club career. On 9 August 2017, Lau joined Rangers. On 23 July 2018, Lau joined Pegasus. On 1 August 2019, Lau was loaned to Rangers for the 2019\u201320 season. He officially joined the club at the end of the season."}, {"text": "Kondryayevo () is a rural locality (a village) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 403 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Kondryayevo is located 45 km southeast of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nikolskoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Konyushino () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Konyushino is located 48 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Borisogleb is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Miguel Muniesa is a Spanish film and theater actor. He appeared in \"Companys, proceso a Catalu\u00f1a\" (1979), \"Biotaxia\" (1968), \"The Exquisite Cadaver\" (1969), \"Ninguno de los tres se llamaba Trinidad\" (1973), and he played Inspector Robert in \"Devil's Kiss\" (1976)."}, {"text": "Linda is a Hungarian action adventure series that aired on Hungarian television from 1984\u20131989 and was created by Gy\u00f6rgy G\u00e1t. The first season was broadcast by Magyar Telev\u00edzi\u00f3 from 1984, the second from 1986, and the third from 1989. Between 1984 and 1987 10 parts were made, and between 1987 and 1991 7 parts. At that time, already two manufacturers were involved, as in the beginning Mafilm, and later Tele P-Art Production Office, joined. A second series was also made ata later time. The 5 episodes of the second series were shot between 1999 and 2000. Its genre can be described as crime comedy. The TV film series was produced by Hungarian Television and Tele P-Art, and was released on DVD by Budapest Film. Its director is Gy\u00f6rgy G\u00e1t, in the third season he directed the episodes together with Mikl\u00f3s Szurdi. The main roles are played by N\u00f3ra G\u00f6rbe, B\u00e9la Szerednyey, Gyula Bodrogi and Ildik\u00f3 P\u00e9csi. More and more generations are growing up with the series, and its popularity remains strong. The newer parts presented in 2002, unlike the older episodes, form a continuous storyline. However, this series was not as huge a success as the 1980s version of Linda"}, {"text": ". In 1986, the screenwriters of the series \u2013 Andr\u00e1s Coper, Gy\u00f6rgy G\u00e1t and \u00c1d\u00e1m Rozgonyi \u2013 published a novel entitled \"Linda Safari\". This story has not been filmed, only existing in the form of a book. Its main characters are characters from the film. Linda is sent to Vienna, this time for further training, but before she leaves, she finds a corpse and then gets involved in an international crime investigation throughout the story. Linda also appeared as a comic book series in Pajt\u00e1s(Companion), the magazine of the pioneer movement. In the story, one of the professors of the KFKI (Central Physics Research Institute) commits crimes, but when Linda is about to capture him, the scientist pushes her into a time machine on the site of the institute, sending her back to the era of Louis XIV., where Linda meets Dumas' three musketeers, Athos, Porthos and Aramis. The story was interrupted here, as the story couldn't be continued and wasn't a success among readers either. The broadcasting rights to the film were also purchased by two commercial channels: it ran on RTL Klub in 1999, was repeated by M1 in 2003, was broadcast by Viasat 3 from 2005, and"}, {"text": "shown again on M1 from the end of August 2008. It was screened on M2 in summer 2010 and on M1 in 2011. Between 2012 and 2015, the 17 + 5 part was broadcast by Duna Television and Duna World, and from the summer of 2015 by M3. The first two seasons were also released in DVD format, with 2 episodes per disc. In January 2013, Origo.hu reported that director Martin Csaba planned to make a film titled \"Linda Returns\", but this did not materialize. Plot. Linda Veszpr\u00e9mi, a graduate high school girl, decides to become a police officer. However, her family doesn't consider this profession a good choice: Her father and teachers would prefer to see her as a biologist or researcher, and her classmates regularly mock her for her obsession, but she does not care about them anyway. Tam\u00e1s Em\u0151di, one of her classmates, fancies Linda and courts her. She doesn't appear to take notice, but one time her father remarks to Tam\u00e1s, \"she's constantly reading your stupid love poems.\" Linda's first successful case starts at school, neutralizing a \u201csatyr\u201d spying after her classmate, followed by a brilliant investigation revealing the real father of her classmate. Later she"}, {"text": "serves in traffic police and, after rising in the ranks, becomes a junior lieutenant alongside G\u00e1bor E\u0151sze. Her boss, however, is not happy about the overly enthusiastic girl, who seems to want to get into trouble. E\u0151sze will do everything he can to keep Linda away from more serious cases, entrusting her with simple tasks. He is very strict, but this is rather motivated by a sense of concern, because he doesn't want the girl to get in trouble. However, Linda, whether willingly or unintentionally, keeps encountering serious crimes, also involving aberrant individuals, so her boss's concerns are also justified. They are regularly deploying her for additional training courses for peace of mind, yet without much success, since Linda constantly gets involved in spectacular fights. The detective girl stumbles upon a variety of crimes: art robbery, mafia cases, serial murders, but the inventive, combative and clever girl is able to solve them all. In addition to the mysterious crimes, the general mood is elated by Linda's impressive taekwondo knowledge, and even the comic and captivating portrayal of both her father B\u00e9la Veszpr\u00e9mi and her magnanimous friend Kl\u00e1ra, as well as of Linda's taxi-driving fianc\u00e9, the often unlucky Tam\u00e1s, who keeps"}, {"text": "striving to rise to her level. Revival. The makers filmed the sequel to Linda in 2000. N\u00f3ra G\u00f6rbe was already inundated with letters from fans asking for a sequel. However, the actress resisted the request for a long time, as she admitted that she was too boxed into the role of the screaming policewoman and did not receive any role offers from directors. She finally accepted that this was how the audience took her into their heart. In 1999, she was approached by Magyar Telev\u00edzi\u00f3 and told that a part of the former staff had formed. Eventually, she was persuaded to accept the sequel, which was broadcast for the first time on March 19, 2002, after much struggle. In addition to N\u00f3ra G\u00f6rbe, B\u00e9la Szerednyey and Gyula Bodrogi, actors such as P\u00e9ter Blask\u00f3, Tibor Gazdag, L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Borb\u00e9ly, K\u00e1roly Gesztesi, R\u00f3bert Gergely, P\u00e9ter G\u00e1bor Vincze, Kriszta B\u00edr\u00f3, etc. took part in the new series. Allegations of plagiarism of theme music. In 2019, Zolt\u00e1n Krisko, manager of the estate of composer , started a lawsuit against Marvel Entertainment, Warner Chappell Music, The Walt Disney Company, FOX Corporation, Buena Vista Television, NBCUniversal Media Group, Amazon.com, Inc., and Apple Inc., as well as composers"}, {"text": "Ron Wasserman, Shuki Levy, and Haim Saban, alleging that the opening theme of \"\" (1992-1997) was ripping-off \"Linda\"s theme song. The lawsuit was settled in January 2021, and the \"X-Men\" theme would continue to be used by Marvel in the series' revival, \"X-Men '97\" (2024), as well as the Marvel Cinematic Universe film \"Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness\" and miniseries \"Ms. Marvel\" (both 2022)."}, {"text": "Kordon Moshokskogo lesnichestva () is a rural locality (a kordon) in Moshokskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. Geography. It is located 3 km north from Moshok, 30 km south-east from Sudogda."}, {"text": "Korostelyovo () is a rural locality (a village) in Vyatkinskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 42 as of 2010. Geography. Korostelyovo is located 45 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Fryazino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Korostelikha () is a rural locality (a village) in Muromtsevskoye Rural Settlement, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. Geography. Korostelikha is located 7 km northwest of Sudogda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Penki is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Hayrettin Demirba\u015f (born 26 June 1963) is a Turkish former international footballer and current coach. He spent majority of his career playing at Galatasaray. Career. In 2010, Demirba\u015f made a comeback at the age of 47, after 12 years of retirement and signed for 51 Ni\u011fdespor at Turkish Regional Amateur League. He made his debut for 51 Ni\u011fdespor on 22 February 2010 when 51 Ni\u011fdespor beat Polis Meslek Y\u00fcksekokulu by 7\u20131. He retired once again on 2010 March following unsuccessful 3. Lig promotion attempt of 51 Ni\u011fdespor, as club was beaten by Ni\u011fde Belediyspor on a 1\u20130 at playoffs."}, {"text": "This list of cemeteries in Utah includes currently operating, historical (closed for new interments), and defunct (graves abandoned or removed) cemeteries, columbaria, and mausolea. It does not include pet cemeteries."}, {"text": "Pieter Gerhardus 'Hempies' du Toit (born 23 August 1953 in Villiersdorp, Western Cape, South Africa) is a former South African rugby union player. Playing career. After school, du Toit enrolled for a degree in agricultural management at the University of Stellenbosch, where he joined the university's rugby club and played regularly for the Maties from 1976 to 1987. Du Toit made his provincial debut for Western Province in 1979. He also played for representative teams such as the South African Barbarians, the Proteas and the Junior Springboks. In 1980 he represented the Junior Springboks against the touring British Lions team. Du Toit was first selected for the Springboks in 1980 to tour South America. He did not play in any test matches on the South American tour and made his test debut for the Springboks during the 1981 tour of New Zealand in the first test on 15 August 1981 at Lancaster Park in Christchurch. He played a further four tests for the Springboks, two each against the 1982 South American Jaguars and the 1984 English touring team, respectively. Du Toit also played in 11 tour matches for the Springboks, scoring two non-test tries."}, {"text": "The Matamec River () is a salmon river in the C\u00f4te-Nord region of Quebec, Canada. It empties into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. The river was used for research into Atlantic salmon and brook trout by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) between 1966 and 1984. Today the southern part of the watershed is strictly protected by the Matamec Ecological Reserve.. Location. The Matamec River is long. It rises near Lake Cacaoni and flows from north to south. It passes through Lake Matamec less than from its mouth. The river is rich in fish. The mouth of the river is in the municipality of Sept-\u00celes in the Sept-Rivi\u00e8res Regional County Municipality. The river enters Moisie Bay to the northeast of the community of Matamec. Name. The river takes its name from the Innu language \"matamek\", meaning \"trout\". In an 1865 map of the canton of Moisie the Matamek River or Trout River is shown as the eastern boundary. The Geography Commission made the name Matamek River official in 1916. The form \"Matamec River\" was adopted in the early 1960s. Basin. The river basin cover . It lies between the basins of the Moisie River to the west and the Loups"}, {"text": "Marins River to the east. The basin is partly in the unorganized territory of Rivi\u00e8re-Nipissis and partly in the municipality of Sept-\u00celes. The basin is on Precambrian shield. The bedrock is close to the surface in the interior, but is overlain by marine deposits in the coastal plain. The bedrock is in the Grenville Province. Metamorphic rock is gneiss, granitic gneiss and paragneiss Igneous rock is anorthosite, gabronite and granite. During the last ice age the area was covered in ice until around 9,000 years age, which left deposits of glacial till of varying depths throughout the region. When the icecap retreated the south of the basin was covered by the Goldthwait Sea to a maximum depth of . The sea retreated as the land rebounded from the weight of the ice, leaving deposits of sea clay in the lowlands, often now covered with ombrotrophic peat bogs. The Matamec watershed contains 31 lakes, ponds and bogs. Rivers and lakes are oriented along fracture zones, faults and breaks in the bedrock, and are usually surrounded by steep, rocky hillsides. Major tributaries of the Matamec river are the Tchinicanam and Rats-Musqu\u00e9s rivers. There are five waterfalls along the stretch of the river"}, {"text": "from Matamec Lake and the Gulf. Lakes include Lake Matamec and Lake La Croix. Lake Matamec is deep. Average annual temperature is from . A map of the ecological regions of Quebec shows the river in sub-regions 6j-T and 6m-T of the east spruce/moss subdomain. Vegetation includes boreal forest with virgin stands of black spruce (\"Picea mariana\") and balsam fir (\"Abies balsamea\"). Human activities. Walter Amory his son Copley Amory bought a property at the mouth of the river in 1912. Copley Amory, an American, founded a boat building company where the hamlet of Matamec is today, and some families settled around the factory. There was a post office there from 1917 to 1941. Walter was a naturalist, and was interested in changes in the fish and game population, which sometimes caused great hardship to the local Innu. In 1931 Amory invited leading ecologists and geographers to the Matamek Conference on Biological Cycles. Charles Sutherland Elton, a prominent ecologist, was among the contributors, and Amory provided funding for Elton that was used to found the University of Oxford's Bureau of Animal Population. In the mid-1930s Amory was forced to give up the Matamek operation due to business difficulties. Eventually the"}, {"text": "property was sold, and became a fishing camp for anglers, with a lodge and cabins scattered through timberland on the property. W. Gallienne was the first owner after Amory, and later sold it to J. Seward Johnson. In 1966 Johnson gave about of land at the mouth of the river to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). Conservation. The WHOI acquired the site at the river mouth in 1966 for Salmonid experiments. Also in 1966, the Quebec government created the Matamek River Reserve, which limited public access and increased protection of Atlantic salmon and brook trout. In 1970 the whole of the Matamec river basin was given reserve status, under which hunting and fishing were allowed only for research purposes and on lands where the Innu people held trapping rights. At first the WHOI studied salmon in the lower river and the Matamec Lake, then expanded to include brook trout in other parts of the watershed, and salmon in the nearby Moisie and Corneille rivers. Research also included limnology, sedimentology, hydrology and physical geography. During the research period the ministry built a salmon-pass on the Matamec River. Woods Hole closed their facility at the end of 1984. WHOI withdrew in"}, {"text": "part because of funding issues but also to focus on its primary mission of oceanography, and made every effort to find a Canadian organization that could take over the station and continue the research, but without success. The act had not explicitly prohibited logging, but had said the Ministry must consider the impact on the research program and salmon stocks before giving permission. When the research operation closed, the basin could therefore be opened up to logging. In 1975 the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute and INRS-eau made a joint proposal to create an ecological reserve. The southern part of the watershed became an ecological reserve 25 years later. The reserve, which is mostly covered by pristine forest or wetlands, covers . This is slightly more than a quarter of the watershed. As of 2015 the river basin included an ecological reserve, the Matamec Ecological Reserve (\"R\u00e9serve \u00e9cologique de la Matamec\"), with strict IUCN category Ia protection. There is another proposed category 1a ecological reserve covering the north part of the river, and a proposed category VI reserve allowing sustainable use of the environment. The two category Ia reserves cover , and the proposed category VI reserve covers about ."}, {"text": "Berga Naval Base () is a naval base of the Swedish Navy located in the H\u00e5rsfj\u00e4rden fjard near Berga, Haninge Municipality. Today it is the home of the 4th Naval Warfare Flotilla, the 1st Marine Regiment and Home Guard unit S\u00f6dert\u00f6rn Group (\"S\u00f6dert\u00f6rnsgruppen\"). History. In the late 1800s, the Swedish Navy began using H\u00e5rsfj\u00e4rden as a training area. Shooting warnings were read in the area's churches and a shooting target workshop was built in a bay on Vitsgarn opposite M\u00e4rsgarn at H\u00e5rsfj\u00e4rden. From 1904, H\u00e5rsfj\u00e4rden began to be used more permanently as a base for the Coastal Fleet's combat and signal schools and for naval mine training and more. In 1905 it was decided to set up a target depot for a combat school at Vitsgarn. The depot met a great need and grew steadily. From 1911 to 1921, the Swedish state gradually acquired more land for the navy, including at western Vitsgarn. The experience of the navy's preparedness and exercises during the World War I meant that the depot at H\u00e5rsfj\u00e4rden largely came to serve as an forward operating base for the entire mobilized part of the navy. Predecessors to the Artillery School at Berga were schools and training"}, {"text": "facilities on the islands of Alvsta L\u00e5ngholmar, Vitsgarn and M\u00e4rsgarn outside H\u00e5rsfj\u00e4rden. During World War I, target depots were developed and bridges and other facilities were built at M\u00e4rsgarn. The exercises on Horsfj\u00e4rden were intensified. Heavy artillery was now used and a few larger decommissioned ships were sunk as targets in H\u00e5rsfj\u00e4rden. Before the World War II, the navy began to consider moving the naval base in Stockholm off the inner waterways, but when the war broke out the navy had to settle for improving and expanding the existing archipelago facilities. During the war, H\u00e5rsfj\u00e4rden and the Musk\u00f6 area became the southern center of the archipelago surrounded by minefields and air defenses, as well as an outer and inner defense line of coastal batteries. The bay between Vitsgarn and M\u00e4rsgarn became an important naval port where seaplane and submarine facilities were built. In 1944, the Riksdag decided that the Swedish state would acquire Berga Castle after the late and large landowner Helge Ax:son Johnson. The area included a strip of water that stretched from Vits\u00e5 harbor to N\u00e4ringsberg and was 3.5 km long and 800 meters wide. In addition to the strip, there was also a part of the area"}, {"text": "where Berga Agricultural School was located, with an area of 1,025 hectares. The purchase price for the acquisition of the property was SEK 2,635,000. The coastal strip was divided into naval port and naval schools. The hunting ground was transformed into a training area. The Berga Naval Training Schools started operating in 1946, then as the Swedish Navy Non-Commissioned Officers' School (\"Marinens underofficersskola\", MUOS). The first wave of staff and families moved in. In V\u00e4sterhaninge a whole block was also built for the families of the navy. The Berga Naval Training Schools had the main task of training personnel, both conscripts and regular staff, in seamanship and basic military training. At the schools there was also some vocational training. The Berga Naval Training Schools were formed by relocating the training at Skeppsholmen in Stockholm to Berga. On 1 July 1946, operations at Berga Naval Training Schools began with teaching in the Non-Commissioned Officers School's chief mate and machinist programs, while the craftsmanship, economy and coastal artillery programs began on 1 October. On 21 October 1946, His Royal Highness Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf performed the inauguration of the Swedish Navy Non-Commissioned Officers' School. In the summer of 1949, construction began on"}, {"text": "a facility for training in torpedo and submarine service. In 1948\u20131949, the Submarine and ASW School (\"Ub\u00e5ts- och ub\u00e5tsjaktskolan\") began training at Berga for both commanders and conscripts. Parts of the training were placed to the submarine training facility \"Valrossen\". Following the Defence Act of 2004, Berga Naval Base is the training ground for the 1st Marine Regiment and the location of the Home Guard unit S\u00f6dert\u00f6rn Group (\"S\u00f6dert\u00f6rnsgruppen\"). From autumn 2008 the navy has also returned in the form of the 4th Naval Warfare Flotilla. With the Defence Act of 2004, the Swedish Naval Schools (\"\u00d6rlogsskolorna\", \u00d6S) was disbanded and replaced by the Swedish Naval Warfare Centre, with a main location in Karlskrona."}, {"text": "The 2019 Milano\u2013Torino was the 100th edition of the Milano\u2013Torino cycling classic. It was held on 9 October 2019 over a distance of between Magenta and Turin. The race was rated as a 1.HC event on the 2019 UCI Europe Tour. The race was won by Canadian rider Michael Woods of ."}, {"text": "The James and Jane Eldredge House, at 564 West 400 North in West Bountiful, Utah, was built in 1896. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. It is a two-and-a-half-story brick house with Victorian Eclectic and Italianate architecture. It is built upon a stone foundation consisting of sandstone blocks at the front and granite in the rear. It has a central block and projecting bays. There are additions to the rear and a recent (as of 2005) one-story front addition to the east of the main house. A two-story carriage house to the rear, which was converted into a residence in 1977, is a second contributing building in the listing. The house's original owners were James A. Eldredge, a state legislator and businessman, and Jane Jennings Eldredge, daughter of William Walker Jennings. The house was a social center, and was even connected by a railroad spur from the Devereaux House, another social center, in Salt Lake City, during the early 1900s. It was deemed significant in part as \"an excellent remaining example of a large Victorian Eclectic style house with an extant carriage house, within the City of West Bountiful. Carriage houses were rare in"}, {"text": "Utah, but were ubiquitous in West Bountiful, this being a prime example.\""}, {"text": "Master Teague III (born May 19, 2000) is an American professional football running back who is a free agent. He played college football for the Ohio State Buckeyes, and high school football at Blackman High School in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. High school career. Playing at Blackman High School, Teague committed to Ohio State on June 11, 2017, when he released a video on Twitter. Teague chose the Buckeyes over South Carolina, Georgia and Auburn, among others. Coming out of high school Teague was a four-star prospect by 247Sports.com and Rivals.com. He was rated as the No. 8 running back by Rivals and No. 11 by 247Sports. College career. Teague enrolled at Ohio State University in January 2018, so that he could participate in Spring practice. Teague was behind J. K. Dobbins and Mike Weber in the depth chart. Though he was deep in the running back rotation, he did see the field in four games where he totaled 106 yards on 17 carries, and scoring on one 33-yard touchdown run against Oregon State. Following a change in NCAA rules, Teague was able to earn a Redshirt for his true-Freshman year. Going into 2019, Teague battled for the back-up spot on the"}, {"text": "Buckeye roster behind Dobbins. He quickly earned the role and averaged 11 carries and 69 yards per game and also scoring three touchdowns through the first half of the season. He finished the year with 135 carries for 789 rushing yards and four rushing touchdowns. In the COVID-19 pandemic-shortened season in 2020, Teague had 104 carries for 514 rushing yards and eight rushing touchdowns in seven games. In the 2021 season, Teague appeared in seven games and had 67 carries for 355 rushing yards and four rushing touchdowns. Statistics. Through 2021, Teague's statistics are as follows: Professional career. Chicago Bears. Teague signed with the Chicago Bears as an undrafted free agent on May 6, 2022, but was waived three days later. Pittsburgh Steelers. On August 3, 2022, Teague signed with the Pittsburgh Steelers. He was waived/injured on August 18 and placed on injured reserve. He was released on August 24. He was re-signed to the practice squad on November 23, 2022. He was released on December 7. He signed a reserve/future contract on January 10, 2023. He was released on May 22, 2023."}, {"text": "Lau Ka Ming (, born 31 December 1993 in Hong Kong) is a former Hong Kong professional footballer who played as a defender or a midfielder. Family. Lau Ka Ming's brother Lau Hok Ming is also a professional football player."}, {"text": "Leonard Francis Guttridge (27 August 1918 \u2013 7 June 2009) was an English historian and author. Biography. Guttridge was born on 27 August 1918 in Bournemouth, England. During World War II, he served as an aircraft mechanic in the British Royal Air Force. He immigrated to Washington, D.C., United States, in 1946, initially to work at the Indian Embassy. His first book, \"Jack Teagarden: the Story of a Jazz Maverick\", which he co-authored with Jay Smith, was published in 1960. His subsequent books included \"The Commodores\" (1969), also co-authored with Smith; \"The Great Coalfield War\" (1972), co-authored with George McGovern and based on McGovern's Ph.D. thesis regarding the Colorado Coalfield War, \"Icebound: The Jeannette Expedition's Quest for the North Pole\" (1986), and \"Dark Union: the Secret Web of the Profiteers, Politicians, and Booth Conspirators That Led to Lincoln's Death\" (2003), co-authored with Ray Neff. \"Dark Union\" describes multiple conspiracy theories surrounding the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Among its controversial claims were that an individual named \"Boyd\" was killed at Garrett's farm, the location where John Wilkes Booth is generally considered to have been killed, and that Booth escaped. The book also asserts that Booth then traveled to India, changed his"}, {"text": "name to John B. Wilkes, and accumulated considerable wealth there before his death in 1883. Guttridge died on 7 June 2009 at St. Marys Health Center in Topeka, Kansas."}, {"text": "The UVA method (\"fr. M\u00e9thode des Unit\u00e9s de Valeur Ajout\u00e9e\" - the Value-added Unit Method) is an accounting and decision-making tool, based on calculating the cost of sales. Unlike management accounting, which calculates product margins, the UVA method calculates the result (profit or loss) generated by each sale. The UVA method relies on a very detailed analysis of all costs related to products, customers, orders, and deliveries. It introduces the notion of a single measure unit (the UVA), which applies to all the operations in the company. The method relies on an equivalent-based approach. Origins of the UVA Method. The UVA method is an upgrade of the GP method., which traces back to the works of Georges Perrin (1891\u20131958), a French engineer and a graduate of the \"Ecole Centrale\". In 1953, he presented his product costing method, based on the introduction of a measure unit \u2013 the GP \u2013, which was distinct from currency, and which allowed one to express the entire production of a company. The GP unit stands for the effort that the company needs to make in order to produce a representative good (a basic item). The validity of the method relies on the principle of the"}, {"text": "\"occult constants\", postulated by Georges Perrin, according to which the relationships between the production efforts made to produce various goods remain stable over time. Jean Fi\u00e9vez and Robert Zaya from the \"Les Ing\u00e9nieurs Associ\u00e9s\" (LIA) consulting office, took it to the next level. In 1995, its name changed into the Value-added Unit Method (UVA). As against the GP method, which focused only on product costing, the UVA method looks into most about every operation in the company. Basic Concepts of the UVA Method. The UVA method relies on a highly detailed analysis of all value-producing processes, which involves both product-related processes and customer-related ones. The whole added-value production of a business is measured with the help of one unit: the UVA. The idea of using a measure unit that would be shared by all the company's operations is based on the fact that only companies that make a single product know its cost perfectly (namely, the result of total expenses divided by the number of units produced). The introduction of the UVA changes every company into a \u201cmono-product\u201d one By analysing all of its processes, the company can envisage \u201cdetermining its results per sale\u201d. This is the main objective of"}, {"text": "the UVA method, since a transaction/sale (which translates into an invoice) concentrates all the efforts carried out through the company's various operations. This is clearly a new approach to management, in which one asks oneself whether a transaction between the company and its customer results in profit or loss. The customer is therefore at the centre of the decision-making mechanism. When the customer buys something for a given sum, has the company earned or lost money? Each sale contributes to the overall result of the company. The result of a sale is the difference between the cashed amount and the cost of the sale. The aggregated results of all sales constitute the company's EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes). The question of precision in costing is linked to the presence of indirect costs. By placing the sale at the centre of the analysis, the UVA method does away with direct/indirect costs, because from a sale viewpoint, all costs are direct: sold products, transport, order processing, invoicing, etc. Thanks to that approach, the UVA method provides a high result precision. The method presents two cost axes: product costs and customer costs. Product costs include design, processing, raw materials, production, control, storage,"}, {"text": "post-sale service, etc. Everything that the company has had to do to sell its products (or services) falls under the customer costs. Customer costs include market research, order processing, order preparation, shipment, invoicing, etc. About 90 to 95 percent of resources fall under two categories of costs: products and customers. The rest of the costs have to do with the internal operation of the business: general management, financial accounting, etc. Product costs have two distinct components: the cost of the value added by the company and the cost of integrated purchases. Integrated purchases (essentially, the raw materials required to produce a good) are called \"Product-specific Expenses\" (PSE), according to the UVA method. They can be found in the nomenclatures, so they are easy to calculate. formula_1 Customer costs, too, have two distinct components: the cost of the added value and the \"Customer-specific Expenses\" (CSE). The CSE may include the commission to the representative, the customer rebate, or the price paid to the carrier. These are costs that are determined directly. formula_2 The UVA method focuses on a precise calculation of the added value. All the added value that the business produces is measured by a single unit: the UVA. Main"}, {"text": "Notions. The UVA method introduces a certain number of specific notions : Attributable expenses. They are expenses that can be attributed to the entries without any key of arbitrary allocation; they represent the use of resources by the entries. The main attributable expenses are the following: Cost of a Sale. The cost of a sale is the sum of product costs and customer costs incurred by the company in order to carry out the sale. Index of a UVA Entry. The index of a UVA entry is the ratio between its rate and the basic rate. formula_3 In other words, the index of a UVA entry is given by its use of resources, expressed in added value units. Process. The process (or sequence of operations) is a succession of activities that are carried out in association with a UVA entry, within a given timeframe. The concept of UVA entry allows one to define every process that they identify in a business \u2013 without making a distinction between the manufacturing processes and any other process that generate added value (management, marketing, etc.), but rather viewing them as a sequence of operations carried out at the UVA entries during a given timeframe."}, {"text": "Profitability Curve. The profitability curve of the sales is a curve that represents the aggregated turnover (invoice by invoice) on its abscissa and the result rate (the result as a percentage of the turnover) on its ordinate. The invoices are classified in ascending order of the result rate. The profitability curve shows a summarised structure of the result that the company has obtained during a given time period. It emphasises the heterogeneity of the transaction results obtained by the business. The company's global result may be positive, but the results of the sales that make it up will be highly-variable. One distinguishes four categories of sales: highly-deficient sales \u2013 the so-called \u201chemorrhagic\u201d ones (which have a result rate below \u201320 percent), deficient sales (going from \u201320 to 0 percent), profitable sales (0 to 20 percent), and the so-called dangerously profitable sales (of over 20 percent). The graph displays a sales profit curve in its canonical form. Turnover percentages may vary a lot from one category to another; on the other hand, result variation is common in all companies. In addition to the base curve that groups all sales together, one may plot out curves to represent a higher level of"}, {"text": "data aggregation. A sale that is represented by an invoice is in fact a \u201cfoundation brick\u201d that enables one to form various types of groups. For instance, by grouping together all the invoices per customer, one obtains a customer profitability curve. \"Profit curve in canonical form\" Rate of UVA Entry. The rate of a UVA entry is the sum of the resources that have been used per unit of work. It includes labour, depreciation, floor space used, consumables, maintenance, etc. To calculate it, one must add up the unit expenses attributable to the entry. Result of a sale. The result of a sale is the difference between the amount paid and the cost of the sale. UVA \u2013 Added Value Unit. The added value unit (1 UVA) represents the use of resources required to carry out a typical process within the company's activity: generally speaking, it is the manufacturing of an item (in the case of a processing company) and execution of a service (in the case of a service company). The process is called basic process, and its rate will be the basic rate. By definition, the added-value unit corresponds to the amount of resources that have been used"}, {"text": "and which are required to carry out the basic process (producing a good or performing a service). To calculate the current monetary cost of the unit, it is enough to divide the expenses that were incurred during a specific period of time by the number of UVAs produced during that period (UVAP). The product-specific expenses and customer-specific expenses (PSE and CSE) are deducted from the cost amount (C) provided by the general accounting, because these expenses are taken into account directly. formula_4 UVA Equivalent of a Process. The UVA equivalent of a process is given by its use of resources, expressed in added value units. By multiplying the index of every UVA entry involved in a process execution by the usage time thereof, one obtains its use of resources (expressed in UVA) during that process. The sum of these uses constitutes the UVA equivalent of the process. formula_5 UVA Entry. The UVA entry comprises all the material and human resources needed to carry out an operation, which are used in a clearly-defined technical and economic framework. In other words, a UVA entry is by definition a homogeneous package of resource uses. UVA entries are present in every company operation. To"}, {"text": "do a precise analysis of a company's operations, one needs to start by reviewing all of its work entries. The number of UVA entries depends on the size and structure of the analysed company and may range from a few dozen to several hundred. Implementation of the UVA Method. The implementation of the UVA method is composed of two phases : construction and exploitation Construction. The construction of the UVA method comprises the following steps: Exploitation. To exploit the method means: Fields of application. The UVA method can be applied in industrial, service and distribution enterprises which can be described as a repetitive process network in production, administration, logistic etc. In contrast to companies that work by individual projects. The best results can be obtained for heterogeneous, complexe entreprises what means commercialising many different products and having many clients. Innovations of the UVA Method. The UVA method is not a method of cost allocation. In management accounting, one \u201ccuts up\u201d the whole (= the company) into \u201cpieces\u201d (sections/centres of analysis/activities). Then in the same way, all the expenses are discharged/allocated to each portion that was cut out. This approach may be described as \u201ccost allocation\u201d [as done in traditional bookkeeping]."}, {"text": "It is a top-down approach. With the UVA method, one does the reverse \u2013 a re-composition: at a micro-scale (namely, at the level of one sale), one identifies each and every element that has helped carry out the sale. Then by adding up all the sale transactions, one recomposes almost all the resources of the company. The only resources that are not allocated directly here are those that are associated with the internal management processes; however, they are to be found in the cost of each transaction, via the UVA cost. This is a bottom-up approach. The UVA method regards the company as a network of processes. The method makes a precise analysis of all these processes. The novelty of the UVA method is to analyse not only the processes related to sold products, but also the ones related to serving customers. According to the UVA method, the object of the costing is the sale, not the product. Thanks to this new way of viewing things, product-related costs that were indirect now become direct, as from the viewpoint of a sale, all costs are direct: the cost of sold products, the freight cost, the cost of order processing and invoicing,"}, {"text": "etc. The difference between the amount that is invoiced to the customer and the cost of the sale gives the result: profit or loss. The UVA method is the only one that allows one to calculate the profitability of each sale. The profitability curve is one of the most valuable indicators provided by the UVA method. It has been made possible by choosing to view the sale as a cost object. The curve can be plotted out, since one calculates the profitability of each invoice. Thanks to the profitability curve, the account managers determine the structure of the company's result and can make precisely-targeted decisions."}, {"text": "Carl Humphries is an Irish former association football player who played as a forward. In 2001, the \"Irish Independent\" newspaper declared Humphries to be \"one of the greatest-ever\" to play in the League of Ireland. Early career. As a teenager, Humphries was on the books at both West Ham United in the English First Division for two years. He returned to Cork in 1970 and signed for local club Cork Celtic in the League of Ireland. Humphries scored 7 goals for \"Celtic\" in the 1970\u201371 season. He signed for Waterford FC in 1971 and was a member of the side that won the 1971\u201372 League of Ireland. His goal scoring proved crucial to \"the Blues\" as he would score Waterford's first in an away game against title rivals Cork Hibernians on the final day of the season at Flower Lodge. 26,000 people witnessed \"Hibs\" go 2\u20130 up before Humphries' 79th-minute strike. Team-mates Johnny Matthews and Alfie Hale then scored in a dramatic 3\u20132 win that clinched Waterford's fifth title in seven years. Humphries and Waterford would win another League Title the following season, Waterford's 6th and his 2nd. Cork Hibernians and Athlone Town. Humphries moved to Cork Hibernians in halfway"}, {"text": "through the 1972\u201373 League of Ireland season. With \"Hibs\" he scored in the replayed final of the 1972\u201373 FAI Cup at Flower Lodge, earning Hibernians a 1\u20130 win. This win earned Cork a place in the 1973\u201374 European Cup Winners' Cup. In the First Round, Hibernians met Czechoslovak outfit Banik Ostrava. Humphries started the opening game, away in Ostrava as Cork lost 1\u20130 on 13 September 1973. On 3 October 1973, Humphries scored his first goal in continental football, netting a consolation goal in the 67th minute for the home side as \"Hibs\" lost 2\u20131 at Flower Lodge, exiting the competition. Humphries signed for Athlone Town for the 1974\u201375 season. The previous season \"the Town\" had finished in 12th, but with Humphries added to their books they finished in a magnificent 2nd place. At the time, Humphries was still playing with his old club Cork Celtic in between games for Athlone. This earned them a place in the 1975\u201376 UEFA Cup, the first time they had ever qualified for European competition. Their first-round game was against Norwegian side V\u00e5lerenga who they beat 4\u20132 on aggregate. Humphries would play in both games and picked up a yellow card in the second-leg"}, {"text": "at the Bislett Stadion. In the second-round, Athlone were drawn against Italian giants AC Milan drawing 0\u20130 in the first leg at St. Mel's Park setting a record attendance of 9,000 before losing the second leg at the San Siro 3\u20130. Humphries would start both games for Athlone. In October 1975, Humphries was named as the Soccer Writers' Association of Ireland (SWAI) Player of the Month. St. Louis Stars. Humphries was part of the roster of the North American Soccer League (NASL) team St. Louis Stars, wearing the number 17 shirt. He played one season with the \"Stars\" in the 1976 NASL season, making 11 appearances and registering three goals and one assist. The \"Stars\" would finish last in the Pacific Conference Later career. Humphries returned to Ireland in 1977 to re-sign with boyhood club Cork Celtic. In 1980 he signed for Galway Rovers. In 1980\u201381 Rovers reached the final of the League of Ireland Cup, but lost on penalties to Dundalk. In the 1981\u201382 season, Galway Rovers changed their name to Galway United. Humphries worked in Cork docks while playing in the League of Ireland and bred and trained greyhounds. He later managed Munster Senior League side Everton team"}, {"text": "along with Jerry Myers and was defeated in the 1992 Munster Senior Cup final by Cork City. In March 2000, his 16-year-old son, Carl Jr., was banned from football for ten years following an incident in a Munster Senior League match between Castleview A.F.C. and Ballincollig A.F.C. the previous December. He later received a red card for life. His son Carl Jr was jailed for eight years in 2022 for possession of a large amount of cannabis. Honours. Waterford Cork Hibernians"}, {"text": "Harry Dunn was a 19-year-old British man who died following a head-on road traffic collision on 27 August 2019. He was riding his motorcycle near Croughton, Northamptonshire, near the exit to RAF Croughton, when a car travelling in the opposite direction and on the wrong side of the road collided with him. The car was driven by Anne Sacoolas, who was working for the United States Intelligence Community at the time of the collision; she is married to CIA employee Jonathan Sacoolas, stationed at the time at USAF listening station RAF Croughton. Sacoolas admitted that she had been driving the car on the wrong side of the road, and the police said that, based on CCTV footage, they believed that to be true. Dunn was pronounced dead at the Major Trauma Centre of John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. The collision caused diplomatic tension between British and American officials. Sacoolas fled Britain soon after the incident and claimed diplomatic immunity with American support. Dunn's parents visited the White House on 15 October 2019 to meet with \"a senior official\" but, to their surprise, were met by President Donald Trump. On 20 October 2022, at the Old Bailey in London, Sacoolas pleaded guilty,"}, {"text": "via video link, to causing the death of Harry Dunn by careless driving. On 8 December 2022, she was sentenced to eight months imprisonment, suspended for 12 months, and disqualified from driving for 12 months. She had not attended the sentencing in person on the advice of the US government, despite the request of the judge. An independent review, published on 18 June 2025, criticised the senior leadership of Northamptonshire Police for their handling of the case, with a following statement from Assistant Chief Constable Emma James apologising to Dunn's family. On 19 June the family submitted a formal complaint over the conduct of former Chief Constable Nick Adderley for multiple failures, including giving inaccurate public statements about the legal immunity of Sacoolas. Collision. Harry Dunn, a 19-year-old resident of Charlton near Banbury, was riding his motorcycle on the B4031 road about from the exit of RAF Croughton on the evening of 27 August 2019, when he was struck by a car. The car was driven by Anne Sacoolas, who was then a member of the United States Intelligence Community and the wife of a CIA operative working at the United States Air Force listening station at RAF Croughton. Police"}, {"text": "said they believed the car, a right-hand-drive Volvo XC90, had been driven on the wrong side of the road from the base exit, which Sacoolas later admitted. Sacoolas had a previous driving infraction in the US state of Virginia in 2006 for \"failing to pay full time and attention\". The BBC reported that the Sacoolas family had been in Britain for three weeks prior to Dunn's death. Call handlers for the emergency telephone call categorised Dunn's injuries as category 2, requiring ambulance attention within 40 minutes; the ambulance arrived 43 minutes after the collision. The chief executive of East Midlands Ambulance Service later said that the categorisation did not make a difference to the outcome because of a shortage of ambulance crews. Dunn was pronounced dead at the Major Trauma Centre of the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. Investigation. An investigation into the collision led by Nick Adderley, the chief constable of Northamptonshire Police, determined, from CCTV records, that a car had been travelling on the wrong side of the road. Sacoolas had cooperated with police at the scene of the crash and was breathalysed. She was interviewed the next day at home and the police said she had cooperated with"}, {"text": "them. She had said she was driving on the wrong side of the road when she collided with Dunn. Diplomatic immunity was mentioned during the interview, and Northamptonshire Police applied for an immunity waiver later that day. On 14 September, Foreign Office diplomat Neil Holland texted a US official that \"It's obviously not us approving of their departure\", but that, since the US was not waiving immunity, \"I think you should feel able to put them on the next flight out\". \"The Telegraph\" reported that Sacoolas left the country on a 'private' flight which likely took off from the US airbase at Mildenhall. Adderley later confirmed that the suspect was to be interviewed under caution in the United States, at her own request, explaining: \"A file of evidence has been handed to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) but ... that file is incomplete \u2013 you can't complete the file until you have an account from the suspect.\" On 31 October, police confirmed they had interviewed the suspect and passed the information to the CPS. Following the police interview with Sacoolas, Dunn's mother told Sky News that the family were frustrated by the lack of progress and information, and objected to"}, {"text": "the decision to interview Sacoolas in the US. On 1 November the police submitted a file to the CPS, who would evaluate it for a charging decision. Diplomatic issues. The collision became the subject of a diplomatic dispute when Sacoolas left the country shortly after the incident and the US embassy said she had diplomatic immunity as the wife of a US agent working in the UK. According to Sky News, someone at the US embassy told Sacoolas to leave the UK. The \"Washington Examiner\" reported that Jonathan Sacoolas did not work for the National Security Agency, and that the Sacoolas family lived in Northern Virginia in the area of the Central Intelligence Agency Langley headquarters. Dunn's parents were advised by two leading specialist lawyers on diplomatic immunity, Mark Stephens and Geoffrey Robertson. They advised that Anne Sacoolas was not entitled to diplomatic immunity, as her husband was not listed as a diplomat. Furthermore, they contended, diplomatic immunity no longer applied upon Sacoolas's return to her home country; therefore, it would be possible to take civil action in the US courts. The foreign secretary, Dominic Raab, also stated that diplomatic immunity no longer applied. Dunn's parents decided to travel to"}, {"text": "the US to \"fight for change\" and seek the return of Sacoolas to the UK. President Donald Trump's briefing notes were revealed in a photograph taken at a 10 October press conference. If asked the US line was to say that Anne Sacoolas would not return to the UK, despite the previous intervention of Raab and the Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, which had included a call to the president. In response, Dunn's mother said that the position of the US was \"beyond any realm of human thinking\", adding \"I'm just disgusted. I don't see the point in Boris Johnson talking to President Trump, or President Trump even taking a call from Boris Johnson. If he'd already made his decision that if it were to be asked and if it were to be raised, the answer was already going to be no.\" Parents' meeting with Trump. Dunn's parents visited the White House on 15 October 2019 to meet with \"a senior official\". To their surprise they were met by President Trump, who told them that Sacoolas was waiting \"in the next room\" to meet them. They and their lawyer rejected this as being too soon and something that should take place"}, {"text": "on British soil. Trump called his meeting with the Dunn family \"beautiful in a certain way\". He also said driving on the wrong side \"happens to a lot of people\" because they \"go to Europe and the roads are opposite\". It was later alleged that Trump had intended to pay the family compensation, but they refused it: the Dunn family's spokesman reported that the White House meeting ended with the president saying the Secretary of the Treasury, Steven Mnuchin, was \"standing by ready to write a cheque\", adding: \"It was almost as if he let it slip out. When he said: 'We've got the driver [Sacoolas] here', he basically meant we're all going to have a big hug and a kiss and I'll get my treasury guy to write a cheque. That's how it was. On the day it just didn't register with me, but the more I think about those words, the more shocking it is.\" Responses by parents and others. On 15 October 2019 the Dunn family announced their intention to start a judicial review action into the advice given by the FCO to Northamptonshire Police regarding the diplomatic immunity of Anne Sacoolas and set up a CrowdJustice"}, {"text": "web page. Three days later, Dunn's parents said that they expected UK police to charge Sacoolas in connection with their son's death. On the same day it was reported that the Foreign Office had asked Northamptonshire Police to withhold informing the family of Sacoolas' flight to the US, \"for a day or two\". The Dunn family became aware that Anne Sacoolas had left the UK one week later, on 23 September. Subsequently, a review of the diplomatic immunity arrangements at RAF Croughton was commissioned. Nigel Farage discussed the case with Trump by telephone, on his 1 November LBC evening talk-show. Trump said that Sacoolas had a \"compelling story to tell\" when he met her at the White House. Asked if there were circumstances where Sacoolas could return to the UK to face charges, Trump said: \"Well, I would have to see what the final facts are ... And, I'll take a look at the final facts. She's represented by a lawyer.\" On 21 November, Dunn's parents expressed their disgust with Raab, who had defended the government's decision to seek legal costs. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office said there was not \"any reasonably arguable ground of legal challenge\" in a legal"}, {"text": "case Dunn's parents were bringing against them. On 25 November Dunn's father, together with a group of more than 50 others, were, for fire safety reasons, prevented by staff from entering a hustings attended by Raab in East Molesey Methodist Church. Dunn's parents sought leave to bring a judicial review on 25 November, detailing the Foreign Secretary's actions over the extension of diplomatic immunity to intelligence staff and families at RAF Croughton. They stated that UK\u2013US \"secret treaties\" had been disclosed but the documents did not cover immunity for family members. A FCO spokesman commented \"As the Foreign Secretary set out in Parliament, the individual involved had diplomatic immunity whilst in the country under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.\" The Archbishop of Canterbury Justin Welby wrote to the US ambassador in London early in October, asking that the extradition of Anne Sacoolas should not be blocked, but had at the time not received a reply. In December, Dunn's parents announced they were to file a civil lawsuit in Virginia, where Sacoolas lived, seeking to compel her to return to the UK. Their lawyer referenced English common law which, they asserted, allowed offences committed in one country to be the"}, {"text": "subject of charges laid in another. In January 2020, a protest meeting was held at RAF Croughton. Dunn's family said they would continue their demonstration until, \"the US government agrees not to abuse their power again\". Criminal prosecution and civil litigation. In December 2019, the Crown Prosecution Service announced that Sacoolas was to be charged with causing death by dangerous driving and that it was starting extradition proceedings against her. Sacoolas's lawyer Amy Jeffress said: \"Anne will not return voluntarily to the UK to face a potential jail sentence for what was a terrible but unintentional accident\", adding, \"the potential 14-year sentence was not proportionate.\" The Dunn family later met with the Home Secretary, Priti Patel, and their MP, Andrea Leadsom, at their home. Their family spokesman said they were now \"incredibly reassured this whole saga will be dealt with under the rule of law\". The following January, the Home Office formally requested the extradition of Sacoolas to face charges in the United Kingdom. The US State Department's initial response was \"The use of an extradition treaty to attempt to return the spouse of a former diplomat by force would establish an extraordinarily troubling precedent\" and that the request was"}, {"text": "\"highly inappropriate\". On 23 January US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo formally rejected the request for extradition. The family spokesman said they had taken the news \"in our stride\". The Home Office said the decision appeared \"to be a denial of justice\". Andrea Leadsom was planning to meet the US ambassador, Woody Johnson, in London on 24 January to discuss the case. In January 2020 Northamptonshire Chief Constable Nick Adderley requested an urgent meeting with the commander of the military base after footage emerged of another vehicle on the wrong side of the road near RAF Croughton. Officers gave details of a separate crash, in October, in which a police vehicle had been struck by a car being driven on the wrong side of the road. The \"Mail on Sunday\" disclosed the following month that Sacoolas was previously involved in espionage with the CIA. Following the disclosure, which was subsequently confirmed by \"Sky News\", and widely reported by other news outlets, Dunn's mother expressed her family's suspicions that the British government were not fully sharing their knowledge of Sacoolas's past role with them. \"The Times\" speculated that the prime minister would come under more pressure to meet the Dunn family."}, {"text": "\"The Times\" also suggested that the disclosure could lead to allegations that the US were giving Sacoolas special protection because of her past activities with the CIA. The Dunn family urged the British government to refuse the US government's extradition request of Wikileaks founder Julian Assange until they returned Sacoolas to the UK. They accused the US government of hypocrisy and said that the US had launched an attack on the Special Relationship between both countries. On 18 June 2020, a preliminary hearing of the judicial review brought by the Dunn family took place at the High Court of Justice. In a submission to the court Tony Baldry, former Foreign and Commonwealth Office minister and signatory to the diplomatic immunity agreement covering the base at which Sacoolas' husband worked, stated that the agreement was \"limited\" and did not cover dependants. In a further submission Sir Ivor Roberts, a former longstanding diplomat, called the claim that Sacoolas was covered by diplomatic immunity \"a palpable absurdity\". An adjournment debate on RAF Croughton, in the House of Commons, was led by local Member of Parliament Andrea Leadsom, who focused on Dunn's death and called for the government to intervene and block plans to"}, {"text": "modify the airbase. As of August Suella Braverman, the Attorney General for England and Wales, was considering trying Sacoolas in absentia on a charge of causing death by dangerous driving. The prospect of a virtual trial, an option being considered by the attorney general, received support from the prime minister, Boris Johnson. On 9 September 2020, a lawsuit for wrongful death was filed against Sacoolas and her husband in a Virginia federal court. A legal representative of the Dunn family stated: \"Given Ms Sacoolas' refusal to return to the UK, we look forward to bringing this case to a jury of Anne Sacoolas' peers here in the United States.\" The lawsuit alleges that Sacoolas did not notify the emergency services or police after the accident. On the same day, the Dunn family met with the Director of Public Prosecutions, Max Hill QC, after which it was reported that Hill had concluded that Sacoolas did not have diplomatic immunity and should not have been permitted to leave the country. However, a High Court ruling on 24 November 2020 concluded Sacoolas did have diplomatic immunity at the time of Dunn's death. The Virginia court held a hearing for the case against Sacoolas"}, {"text": "in February 2021. It was revealed in the court that Sacoolas was an employee of the CIA. This raised doubts about her claim for diplomatic immunity because it would not apply to any US administrative or technical staff under an agreement between the UK and the US in 1995. When asked why she had refused to return to the UK, Sacoolas's lawyer told the court: \"Her fear is that with the tremendous media attention she will receive, she's concerned she will not receive fair treatment with the press and the local community. She is fearful upon her return and concerned, and she's certainly apologetic and accepts full responsibility for causing this accident.\" The presiding judge T. S. Ellis III replied: \"Accepting full responsibility doesn't mean you run away, it means you stay there and face it. You shouldn't overplay the full responsibility card.\" On 16 February 2021 Ellis ruled that Dunn's family would be able to sue Sacoolas for damages, dismissing her argument that holding the proceedings in the UK would be \"more convenient\". Handing down his judgment, Ellis said: \"While it is commendable that defendant Anne Sacoolas admits that she was negligent and that her negligence caused Harry Dunn's"}, {"text": "death, this does not equate acceptance of responsibility. ... Full acceptance of responsibility entails facing those harmed by her negligence and taking responsibility for her acts where they occurred, in the United Kingdom.\" Ellis said he had also considered the \"firm support\" for the Dunns expressed by the Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab. Other motions, submitted by Sacoolas's legal team to dismiss the case, would be heard in Virginia on 3 March. In March 2021, Sacoolas's lawyer Amy Jeffress said that, since the charge pending in Britain against her would not usually result in a prison sentence in the US, her client was not inclined to return to the UK to face trial. Jeffress also said that her client would be willing to undertake community service in the US and make a \"contribution\" in his memory, as well as meet his family. In reply, Dunn's mother said Sacoolas must face \"the UK justice system\". Jeffress also rejected claims that Sacoolas had not sought assistance, saying that she had stopped a passing driver and asked them to call for an ambulance, while she had contacted police at RAF Croughton. On 8 August 2021, the BBC reported that the Dunn family lawyer had"}, {"text": "submitted documents to the US court alleging that Sacoolas may have been distracted by her mobile phone at the time of the crash, stating that there were call and text records for the day before and the day after, but no call records or text messages for that day. As the collision happened at approximately 20:25 GMT, this would suggest that either call/text messages were deleted from the phone or that Sacoolas had used it the day before and the day afterward, but not used it for the entire day of the collision. In September 2021, the family's spokesman announced that their civil claim for damages had been resolved, which he described as \"a real milestone\". Details of the agreement were not published. The spokesman said the family would now turn its \"attention to the criminal case and the long-awaited inquest into Harry's death which will follow the criminal case\". On 13 December 2021, the CPS announced that Sacoolas would appear via video link at Westminster Magistrates' Court on 18 January 2022. Her lawyers denied this, claiming that no agreement for her to do so had been reached. The January date was later postponed to allow further liaison with her"}, {"text": "legal team. On 22 March 2022, MP Andrea Leadsom raised a topical question in Parliament to ask Dominic Raab to give an update on what was being done to deliver justice. A new court date of 29 September 2022 was announced a few days before it was due to take place. On 29 September Sacoolas appeared by video link during the six-minute hearing, speaking only to confirm her date of birth and name. The chief magistrate Paul Goldspring agreed that her lawyer's address, rather than hers, could be used for correspondence. Sacoolas was told to attend the next hearing, at the Old Bailey, in October, in person or apply for permission to use a video link. On 20 October 2022, the Old Bailey heard and accepted Sacoolas's plea of guilty (via video link) to the charge of causing death by careless driving. She had pleaded not guilty to the more severe offence of causing death by dangerous driving. On 8 December, Sacoolas was sentenced by Mrs Justice Bobbie Cheema-Grubb to eight months in prison, suspended for 12 months, and was disqualified from driving for 12 months. She had not attended the sentencing in person on the advice of the US"}, {"text": "government despite the request of the judge. At the inquest, held at Northampton Coroners' Court in June 2024, Sacoolas was absent but supplied two new statements. The inquest also heard her responses during a police interview two months after the fatal crash and a statement from her lawyers in 2020. The inquest heard that, when asked what she believed had caused the collision, she told Northamptonshire Police officers: \"I drove like an American and drove on the American side of the road.\" She said in her statement to the inquest: \"I deeply regret having caused this accident. I made a tragic mistake that I will live with every single day for the rest of my life. There is not a single day that goes by that Harry is not on my mind and I am deeply sorry for the pain that I have caused.\" An independent review, published on 18 June 2025, criticised the senior leadership of Northamptonshire Police for their handling of the case. Following the report, a statement from Assistant Chief Constable Emma James was issued saying: \"On behalf of Northamptonshire Police, I want to apologise to Harry's family for what is now clear was a failure on"}, {"text": "our part to do the very best for the victim in this case, Harry, and his family who fought tirelessly in the years that followed to achieve justice for him.\" On 19 June, Dunn's family submitted a formal complaint over the conduct of former Chief Constable Nick Adderley for multiple failures, including giving inaccurate public statements about the legal immunity of Anne Sacoolas. Diplomatic immunity for RAF Croughton staff and families. On 21 October 2019 the British Foreign Secretary, Dominic Raab, claimed that according to \"arrangements\" agreed upon by the US and the UK in 1995, the spouses and children of US intelligence officers at RAF Croughton were considered part of the US embassy and thus eligible for diplomatic immunity under the terms of the Vienna Convention, even though the officers themselves were deemed ineligible to claim diplomatic immunity for criminal behaviour outside the base. The accuracy and legal validity of this claim has been strongly challenged by others. On 22 July 2020 it was widely reported that the UK and US governments had agreed to close the \"loophole\" in the arrangement that allegedly provided immunity from criminal prosecution for the family of US staff (though not retroactively). The precise"}, {"text": "legal nature of those arrangements, however, remains unexplained. The US State Department said the amendment was a \"reflection of our especially close relationship\" with the UK. The Shadow Foreign Secretary, Lisa Nandy, said that Labour would \"push for a full inquiry\" into the case. Legacy. Dunn's funeral took place on 17 September 2019, followed by cremation at an Oxfordshire crematorium. In December 2022, Dunn's family welcomed major changes to road safety outside US bases in the UK, announced in a letter to them from the Transport Secretary. Mark Harper wrote to the Dunn family, promising to implement several recommendations, following a review of safety around both RAF Croughton and RAF Barford St John in Oxfordshire. The road from RAF Croughton to Croughton village was given clear road markings directing drivers to stay in the left lane. In December 2023, Dunn's family said that something had gone \"very badly wrong\" after another US citizen had been able to evade British justice after alleged involvement in a road accident. Issac Calderon, a US citizen described as \"associated with the secret service\", had reportedly left the UK days before a court appearance. The car crash, at Shucknall Hill, Herefordshire, had left nurse Elizabeth"}, {"text": "Donowho unable to walk for six weeks. Family lawyer Radd Sieger said that road incidents involving US citizens \"happen all the time\". He noted remarks made by Conservative MP David Mellor in 1983, who said 2,000 US servicemen had been convicted for traffic offences in the previous year. In August 2024, it was announced that, after losing an appeal in a US court, Calderon would be extradited to the UK to face charges, as the court had \u201cprobable cause\u201d to believe he had committed offences in the UK. In November 2024 Calderon was sentenced, at Worcester Crown Court, to 32 months in jail. In June 2025 Charlotte Charles, Dunn's mother, was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the King's Birthday Honours, for services to road safety."}, {"text": "Antonio Gandy-Golden (born April 11, 1998) is an American former professional football wide receiver. He played college football at Liberty and was selected by the Washington Football Team in the fourth round of the 2020 NFL draft. Gandy-Golden retired from the NFL after two seasons in order to return to school. Early life. Gandy-Golden attended Paulding County High School in Dallas, Georgia, where he played wide receiver on the football team. He was a 2-star recruit according to Rivals.com. Following high school, Gandy-Golden committed to Liberty University over offers from Elon, Mercer, Murray State, Kennesaw State and Samford. College career. As a freshman, Gandy-Golden recorded 315 receiving yards and three touchdown receptions. In his sophomore season, he led the Big South in receptions and receiving yards, also becoming Liberty's seventh 1,000-yard receiver in program history. In his junior season, Gandy-Golden recorded 245 receiving yards against New Mexico, breaking the school's record. He was a part of Liberty's victory in the 2019 Cure Bowl, the school's first bowl game and his final college game. He finished his career at Liberty as the only player there to post three connective thousand yard receiving seasons. As a student, he pursued a major in"}, {"text": "graphic design. Professional career. Gandy-Golden was selected by the Washington Redskins in the fourth round of the 2020 NFL draft with the 142nd overall pick. He signed his four-year rookie contract on July 22, 2020. He recorded his first reception for three yards in a Week 2 loss to the Arizona Cardinals. He was placed on injured reserve on October 24, 2020, due to a hamstring injury, and rejoined the active roster on December 26, 2020. Gandy-Golden was waived on August 31, 2021, but re-signed to the practice squad the following day. He was elevated to the active roster for the game against the New Orleans Saints in Week 5. He was signed to the active roster on October 23. He was waived on January 1, 2022 and re-signed to the practice squad. He signed a reserve/futures contract after the 2021 regular season ended. Gandy-Golden announced his retirement in July 2022 with plans to return to school. He was working on switching from wide receiver to tight end that offseason and finished his NFL career recording only one reception for three yards. Personal life. Gandy-Golden grew up performing gymnastics and juggling, which he attributed to helping him later in football."}, {"text": "He has also been noted for having several other talents, such as his ability to solve a Rubik's Cube in under a minute and achieving a perfect game in bowling. He also draws, paints, and plays guitar as a hobby. Gandy-Golden was diagnosed with COVID-19 in March 2020."}, {"text": "The Holland\u2013Smith\u2013Brown House, at 19 South 200 East in Centerville, Utah, was built in 1872. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. It is a one-and-one-half-story brick Victorian style house built originally as a one-story hall-parlor house with a symmetric facade. A front porch was added probably during expansion of the house to the rear in the 1890s. It was built by John Holland (b.1836), an immigrant from Staffordshire, England who came to America in 1844 with his parents, and to Utah in 1850."}, {"text": "The Air Force Home Guard (), is part of the Danish Home Guard. Its mission is to support the Royal Danish Air Force, the police and other national authorities in their emergency management by securing airports, performing aerial environmental patrols of national waters. Aircraft. The Air Force Home Guard operates two leased Britten-Norman Defender BN2A-21 aircraft flown by volunteer civilian pilots. The Defenders entered service in February 2016. Organization. The Air Force Home Guard is commanded by a full-service air force colonel. The commander is supported by a small staff of full-service personnel. Municipalities with airfields or in the vicinity of airports have \"air force home guard squadrons\" \u2013 (100\u2013150 riflemen), commanded by volunteer captains. Squadrons. The Flying Home Guard consists of 28 squadrons and two divisions:"}, {"text": "RDNA 2 is a GPU microarchitecture designed by AMD, released with the Radeon RX 6000 series on November 18, 2020. Alongside powering the RX 6000 series, RDNA 2 is also featured in the SoCs designed by AMD for the PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X/S, and Steam Deck consoles. Background. On July 7, 2019, AMD released the first iteration of the RDNA microarchitecture, a new graphics architecture designed specifically for gaming that replaced the aging Graphics Core Next (GCN) microarchitecture. With RDNA, AMD sought to reduce latency and improve power efficiency over their previous Vega series based on GCN 5th gen and Nvidia's competing Turing microarchitecture. RDNA 2 was first publicly announced in January 2020 with AMD initially calling RDNA 2 a \"refresh\" of the original RDNA architecture from the previous year. At AMD's Financial Analysts Day held on March 5, 2020, AMD showed a client GPU roadmap that gave details on RDNA's successor, RDNA 2, that it would again be built using TSMC's 7 nm process and would be coming in 2020. AMD told their investors that they were targeting a 50% uplift in performance-per-watt and increased IPC with the RDNA 2 microarchitecture. On October 28, 2020, AMD held an"}, {"text": "online unveiling event for the RDNA 2 architecture and Radeon RX 6000 series. The event came 20 days after AMD's unveiling event for Ryzen 5000 series processors built on the Zen 3 microarchitecture. Architectural details. Compute Unit. RDNA 2 contains a significant increase in the number of Compute Units (CUs) with a maximum of 80, a doubling from the maximum of 40 in the Radeon RX 5700 XT. Each Compute Unit contains 64 shader cores. CUs are organized into groups of two named Work Group Processors with 32KB of shared L0 cache per WGP. Each CU contains two sets of an SIMD32 vector unit, an SISD scalar unit, textures units, and a stack of various caches. New low precision data types like INT4 and INT8 are new supported data types for RDNA 2 CUs. The RDNA 2 graphics pipeline has been reconfigured and reordered for greater performance-per-watt and more efficient rendering by moving the caches closer to the shader engines. A new mesh shaders model allows shader rendering to be done in parallel using smaller batches of primitives called \"meshlets\". As a result, the mesh shaders feature enables greater control of the GPU geometry pipeline. Ray tracing. Real-time hardware accelerated"}, {"text": "ray tracing is a new feature for RDNA 2 which is handled by a dedicated ray accelerator inside each CU. Ray tracing on RDNA 2 relies on the more open DirectX Raytracing protocol rather than the Nvidia RTX protocol. In February 2023, it was reported that driver updates had boosted ray tracing performance by up to 40% using DirectX Raytracing. Clock speeds. With RDNA 2 using the same 7 nm node as RDNA, AMD claims that RDNA 2 achieves a 30% frequency increase over its predecessor while using the same power. Cache and memory subsystem. In addition to the traditional L1 and L2 caches that GPUs possess, RDNA 2 adds a new global L3 cache that AMD calls \"Infinity Cache\". This was done to avoid the use of a wider memory bus while still being able to maintain the same data bandwidth. Product technology architect Sam Naffziger said that, without Infinity Cache, \"We were looking at the daunting prospect of having to put a 512-bit interface and all the power, area and expense associated with that\". Using a wider memory bus requires more power which is in conflict with AMD's increased performance-per-watt goals for RDNA 2. AMD engineers ran tests"}, {"text": "comparing RDNA 2 silicon featuring a large on-die cache and with wider memory buses. They discovered that having such a cache would aid in the re-use of temporal and spatial data when the GPU is rendering a complex image. It is beneficial for the GPU's compute units to have fast access to a physically close cache rather than searching for data in video memory. AMD claims that RDNA 2's 128MB of on-die Infinity Cache \"dramatically reduces latency and power consumption\". The GPU having access to a large L2 or L3 cache allows it to more quickly access necessary data compared to accessing VRAM or system RAM. The Infinity Cache is made up of two sets of 64MB cache that can run on its own clock rate independent from the GPU cores. The Infinity Cache has a peak internal transfer bandwidth of 1986.6 GB/s and results in less reliance being placed on the GPU's GDDR6 memory controllers. Each Shader Engine now has two sets of L1 caches. The large cache of RDNA 2 GPUs give them a higher overall memory bandwidth compared to Nvidia's GeForce RTX 30 series GPUs. Power efficiency. AMD claims that RDNA 2 achieves up to a 54%"}, {"text": "increase in performance-per-watt over the first RDNA microarchitecture. 21% of that 54% improvement is attributed to performance-per-clock enhancements, in part due to the addition of Infinity Cache. Media engine. RDNA 2 uses the VCN 3.0, VCN 3.1, and VCN 3.1.2 video decoding blocks in its media engine. It adds support for AV1 decoding at up to 8K resolution, though AV1 hardware encoding support would not come until RDNA 3 in 2022. However, the low-end Navi 24 die and iGPUs based on RDNA 2.0 do not contain any media encoders and cannot decode AV1 as a result."}, {"text": "Guy Thomas Ernest Parsons (6 February 192627 August 2019) was a British accountant, auditor, liquidator and involved in a number of charities. Charity. He was involved with the Australian Music Foundation and The Lynn Foundation. Finance. He was appointed insolvency chief of Rolls-Royce during their 1971 bankruptcy. Overseas. He helped set up Solomon Islands airline SOLAIR as well as the Oman and Yemen electrical board authorities. Books. He co-authored \"Employees' Rights in Receiverships and Liquidations\" with William Ratford. Honours. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2016 Birthday Honours, \"for services to business and charity.\"."}, {"text": "Joseph Gourmelon (died 6 October 2019) was a French politician who served as a Deputy."}, {"text": "The 2019 Ningbo Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Ningbo, China between 14 and 20 October 2019. Singles entrants. Other entrants. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following player received entry into the singles main draw as an alternate: The following players received entry from the qualifying draw: The following player received entry as a lucky loser:"}, {"text": "Robert Delbos (born January 10, 1943) is a French Chairman and CEO within the energy sector. He is known as co-founder and CEO of Altergaz, the first French independent natural gas company in 2003. Early life. In 1967 Delbos graduated in Finance from French business school HEC Paris (The \u00c9cole des Hautes \u00c9tudes Commerciales de Paris). Career. Delbos entered in EDF-GDF group in 1969 and worked in Treasury department before becoming Chief of Treasury in 1987. Delbos managed, in collaboration with Jean-Michel Carboni, his successor as Treasurer of the group, the \"second biggest Swaps portfolio right after the World Bank\" and \"at that time, GDF was considered as pioneer in raising funds\". In 1991 Chairman-CEO of Petrofigaz, a credit bank dedicated to loans for energy investments (cogeneration facilities, energy retrofit, etc.). Today Petrofigaz is known as Solfea bank. Altergaz. After retirement in 2003, he cofounded with Jean-Paul George (former number 2 of Gaz de France and founder of Engie Cofely) and the investor Georges Cohen (founder of Transiciel) the first French independent natural gas company : Altergaz, with a turnover of \u20ac1,6 billion in 2012. Delbos was CEO and then Chairman of Altergaz between 2003 and 2012. After years of"}, {"text": "collaboration, Eni, the Italian multinational Oil & Gas company, acquired Altergaz, that was renamed Eni Gas & Power France with 1,5 million of customers in France."}, {"text": "Larry C. Merkley (born c. 1943) is a Canadian curler from Penetanguishene, Ontario. As a youth, Merkley played hockey for the Midland Bruins, winning the \"Canadian Little NHL bantam title\" in 1953. He also played baseball for the Midland Indians. He is a , and a 1993 Labatt Brier champion. Merkley works for the Penetanguishene Mental Health Centre."}, {"text": "Saratu Gidado (17 January 1968 \u2013 9 April 2024), popularly known as Daso, was a Nigerian film actress, primarily in the Kannywood film industry. She was known for the role she always played as an aggressive and mischievous actress who defied all odds to rise to stardom. She made her film debut in 2000 in \"Linzami Da Wuta\", produced by Sarauniya Movies. Other hits such as \"Nagari\", \"Gidauniya\", \"Mashi\", and \"Sansani\" followed. She affirmed that she liked playing the role of a wicked woman. Early life and career. Saratu Gidado was born in Gombe State northern Nigeria. She attended her primary school in Kano state. She was the first married woman in the Kannywood industry. Aside from acting, Gidado was assigned as the protocol officer (Jakadiya) to the emir of Kano State Muhammadu Sanusi II in the year 2016. Death. Gidado died on 9 April 2024. She had the Ramadan before going to bed and died in her sleep, at the age of 56. She was buried according to Islamic teachings. Filmography. Saratu Gidado joined the Kannywood film industry in 2000 and has appeared in over 100 movies."}, {"text": "Thomas Fabbiano was the defending champion but chose not to defend his title. Yasutaka Uchiyama won the title after defeating Steven Diez 6\u20131, 6\u20133 in the final. Seeds. All seeds receive a bye into the second round."}, {"text": "Albert Read is the Executive Chairman of The Evening Standard and former managing director of Cond\u00e9 Nast Britain, overseeing titles and businesses including \"British Vogue\", \"GQ\", \"Vanity Fair\", \"GQ Style\", \"Tatler\", \"Cond\u00e9 Nast Traveller\", \"Glamour\", \"Wired UK\", \"Love\", \"House & Garden\" and \"World of Interiors\". Read was previously a journalist, before moving into a business role at Conde Nast. From 2006 onwards Read played a pivotal role in managing Conde Nast's business interests in the UK and internationally. Albert Read is also the author of The Imagination Muscle, published by Little Brown in the UK and Union Square in the US. The book was described as 'super sharp...an extraordinary book' by the Spectator 'a beautifully written meditation' by the Economist . It was named as one of Bloomberg's best books of 2023 and was nominated on JP Morgan's Next List 2025 . Early life and education. Read was born in London. He was educated at Cardinal Vaughan Memorial School, Ampleforth College and New College, Oxford, where he read classics. He received an MBA from INSEAD in 2000. Career. Read began his career as a journalist, writing and editing for \"The Spectator\", \"The Daily Mail\", \"The Daily Express\" and \"The Daily"}, {"text": "Telegraph\", before moving to Conde Nast. It was stated in interviews that Read wanted to transition from journalist to the business side of publishing and began that transition once he had joined Cond\u00e9 Nast International. In this role he developed the distribution of Cond\u00e9 Nast titles to the Asian market, including the launch of \"Vogue China\" and \"Vogue India\". During the same period, he was listed on the \"Evening Standard\"'s 2007 list of London's 100 Most Influential People. In 2009 Read became publishing director of \"Wired UK\". After holding a number of business roles at Cond\u00e9 Nast he was promoted to deputy managing director of Cond\u00e9 Nast Britain in early 2012. In January 2017 it was announced that Read would be replacing Nicholas Coleridge as the managing director of Conde Nast Britain. The role meant Read would be responsible for the publication of many well-known British publications, including \"British Vogue\", \"Vanity Fair\", \"Tatler\", \"Cond\u00e9 Nast Traveller\", \"Glamour\", \"GQ\", and others. In 2018 it was announced that \"Cond\u00e9 Nast Traveller\"'s editorial teams internationally and in the United States would be merged. The newly formed editorial team would be based in London under Read's guidance. In July 2019 Read also appeared on"}, {"text": "BBC Business Live speaking about the market conditions of the magazine industry, and also spoke to \"The New York Times\" in late 2019 about \"The World of Interiors\". During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, Read made the decision to unlock the May issues of certain publications, providing readers with free-digital access. He was also interviewed regularly about the health of Cond\u00e9 Nast's publications and the wider publishing industry during the pandemic. Other roles. Read was a director of Ian Fleming Publications, best known for their involvement in the James Bond franchise. He is a board member of the Independent Press Standards Organisation's regulatory funding committee. Personal life and family. Read is the son of the novelist and historian Piers Paul Read and is the grandson of Sir Herbert Read, poet, art critic and founder of the Institute of Contemporary Arts. He lives in London with his wife, author and editor, Catherine Ostler, and their children."}, {"text": "Khurram Khan Chowdhury (1945/6 \u2013 17 July 2021) was a Bangladeshi politician who served four terms in parliament. Initially elected as a member of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), he resigned from the BNP, joined the Jatiya Party, and later returned to the BNP. Early life and family. Khurram Khan Chowdhury was born into the Bengali Muslim \"Khan-Chowdhury\" family of Nandail in Mymensingh District. His father, Ashraf Hossain Khan Chowdhury, was the \"zamindar\" of Nandail, the former vice-president of the Central Muslim League and a cousin of former president Nurul Amin. His elder brother is Anwarul Hossain Khan Chowdhury and his sister-in-law, Begum Rahat, was the sister of former education minister ASHK Sadek and daughter of Yahya Sadeq, former joint-commissioner of the Bengal Legislative Assembly. Career. Choudhury was a founding member of the Jatiya Party. He was elected member of parliament for Jatiya Party and BNP candidates at different times. Chowdhury left the BNP to contest the 1988 general election as a Jatiya Party candidate, and was elected for Mymensingh-9. At the next election, in 1991, he was elected member of parliament for Mymensingh-8. He rejoined the BNP, and was elected to parliament from Mymensingh-9 in 2001. Chowdhury died from"}, {"text": "complications of COVID-19 on 17 July 2021 in Dhaka at age 75 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh."}, {"text": "Liniya is a cash and carry type hypermarket chain that is owned by Grinn Corporation. As of 2007, according to Kommersant newspaper, it was 21st in Russia's Top 50 Biggest Store/Cash & Carry Chains. History. On December 6, 2002, the first store of the chain was opened in Kursk. This chain currently owns 27 stores (not counting stores in MegaGrinn shopping mall centers) in 10 oblasts of Russia. In 2019, the media reported that allegedly 99.9% owned by JSC Corporation \"Grinn\" was pledged in favor of LLC \"Strategy\", which is managed by the relatives of one of the co-owners of the holding \"Adamant\". Nikolai Greshilov denied this information. Prior to this, information appeared that the Bryansk territory \"Liniya\" stores would be sold, as the company was allegedly preparing for bankruptcy."}, {"text": "Aliyah () is a 2018 Indian Manipuri film directed by Yoimayai Mongsaba, written by Binoranjan Oinam and produced by Reshi Thokchom. The film features Artina Thoudam in the title role and Gurumayum Bonny in the lead roles. The film was released on 19 August 2018 at MSFDS (Manipur State Film Development Society), Palace Compound, Imphal. Plot. It is a romantic film about a Hindu guy \"Leishabi\" and a Muslim lady \"Aliyah\", where religion happens to be the main reason for their relationship to fall apart. Accolades. \"Aliyah\" won Best Actor in a Leading Role - Female and Best Story awards at the 8th Sahitya Seva Samiti Awards (SSS MANIFA) 2019, with several nominations in different categories. It won the Best Editor Award at the 12th Manipur State Film Awards 2019. Soundtrack. Tony Aheibam and Jeetenkumar Naorem composed the soundtrack for the film and Binoranjan Oinam wrote the lyrics. The songs are titled \"Marou Leibi\" and \"Leihoure\". The song \"Marou Leibi\" was initially composed by Tony Aheibam, but was re-composed by Jeetenkumar Naorem due to the ban by Film Forum Manipur with the claim that the tune is similar to classical song tunes of other language."}, {"text": "Tacitus Trap is a political theory named after Roman historian Tacitus, which describes a situation where an unpopular government is hated no matter what it does and whether it is right or wrong. The theory was brought up in a 2007 book by Professor Pan Zhichang from the School of Journalism and Communication at Nanjing University. In the book, he quoted Tacitus' remark on Galba, an unpopular emperor of Rome, to explain the recurrent declines of the Chinese dynasties throughout the history: \"When a government is unpopular, either good policies or bad policies tell against the government itself.\" Since China\u2019s top leader and General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping's use of the term in 2014, it has become increasingly popular in journalism and academia in China. State-run media in China, such as People's Daily online, summarised that since the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Party general secretary Xi Jinping has described three traps that China might fall into, that is, Tacitus Trap, Thucydides Trap and the middle-income trap. Etymology. Tacitus is a Roman politician and historian famous for his book \"Histories,\" where he also included his moral judgements over historical events he experienced in"}, {"text": "person. In 69 AD, when Nero fled Rome amid a revolution against him, the civil and military authorities disconnected from him elected Galba, the then governor of Hispania Tarraconensis who supported and led the revolt, as the new emperor, which was challenged by Clodius Macer and Fonteius Capito, two loyal generals of Nero, who cut off the food supply to Rome. However, when Galba executed the two generals, the executions were not positively received among Roman citizens, on which Tacitus comments in \"Histories\", \"indeed, when a ruler once becomes unpopular, all his acts, be they good or bad, tell against him.\" In the 2007 book \"Who Robbed Our Aestheticism\", the author Pan Zhichang, a Chinese aesthetician from the School of Journalism and Communication at Nanjing University, analyses the etiology of historical political chaos during 220\u2013280 AD, which inspired the stories in the Chinese classic \"Romance of the Three Kingdoms.\" He describes the government of Imperial China as a totalitarian regime with unlimited power and therefore unlimited desires for wealth. As the emperor taxed more on the people, the country would be more corrupted by its officials, which in turn led to more taxation and even more corruption, eventually causing a"}, {"text": "societal collapse due to the unlimited desires of the ruling class. This also means the regime had fallen into the Tacitus trap. Chinese writer Chen Xubin quotes Zigong in \"The Analects\", \"Zhou's wickedness was not so great as that name implies. Therefore, the superior man hates to dwell in a low-lying situation, where all the evil of the world will flow in upon him,\" and reasons that \"Zigong's trap\" may be a more proper name for the theory and that famous Chinese politicians, such as Empress Cixi and H. H. Kung, all fell into the trap. Popular uses in Chinese politics. In 2014, General Secretary Xi Jinping of the Chinese Communist Party mentioned the term \"Tacitus Trap\" when he attended the meeting of the Party's Lankao County Committee. He then added, \"if we lose the viewpoints of the people, fail to stand with the people, the people will not have you in their eyes.\" Since then, the term had become popular across China, especially in news media and academia. According to Dr Mi Siru at Nanjing University, as of 5 November 2017, there had been 328,000 results and 284 news articles containing the term when searching it with Baidu, along"}, {"text": "with many scholarly articles containing the term within their titles in CNKI database. In 2016, state-run media in China, such as People's Daily online, summarised that since the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Party general secretary Xi Jinping has described three traps that China might fall into, that is, Tacitus Trap, Thucydides's Trap and middle-income trap. When Hong Kong tycoon Lo Wing Hung commented on this summary in his newspaper \"Bastille Post\", he concluded that CY Leung, the then Hong Kong Chief Executive, had fallen into the trap. Another article in Hong Kong's Apple Daily also made a similar conclusion based on the theory."}, {"text": "Listening Post is an artwork that visualizes Internet chatroom conversations. The work was created between 2002 and 2005 as a collaboration between the artist Ben Rubin and the statistician Mark Hansen. It is also often discussed as a work of electronic literature due to its literary qualities. \"Listening Post\" uses custom computer programs to automatically collect thousands of chatroom and bulletin board conversations. The conversations are then parsed by the software into smaller phrases that are displayed on a hanging grid of 231 vacuum fluorescent text displays. The displays are hung in a grid format 12 feet high and 21 feet wide, suspended in 11 rows and 21 columns. A text-to speech synthesizer voices some of the phrases as part of the accompanying soundtrack. Writer Adam Gopnik described its soundtrack as \"intoning words and sentences one by one in a sepulchral BBC announcer's voice or chanting and singing them in fugue-like overlay\". \"Listening Post\" has been exhibited at the Whitney Museum of American Art, the San Jose Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Academy of Music and the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts. The work is included in the collections of the San Jose Museum of Art and the Science"}, {"text": "Museum Group collection in the United Kingdom."}, {"text": "Lemanskiite is a mineral that was first discovered in a mine at Abundancia mine, El Guanaco mining district, Chile, with the ideal formula of NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl\u00b73H2O. Originally, this mineral was discovered as being dimorphus with lavendulan, but in 2018 it was revised to only have 3 water molecules. Lemanskiite typically occurs as rosette-shaped aggregates of thin lamellar or needle-shaped aggregates, such as lammerite. Lemanskiite is dark sky blue with a light blue streak, it is brittle with an excellent cleavage plane. It was found on a dumping site in the abandoned Abundancia mine, El Guanaco mining district, Region II, Antofagasta Province, Chile The new mineral has been named after Chester S. Lemanski, Jr. This mineral and name were then approved by the Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names of the International Mineralogical Association. Location, occurrence, and paragenesis. The Abundancia gold mine, El Guanaco mining district, is located south of Cerro La Estrella. The quartz veins contain several sulfides, mostly enargite, and it is associated with coarse grains and crystals of dark green lammerite. Other associated minerals include green crystals of olivenite, gray crystals of mansfieldite, white grains of senarmontite, and with a mixture from the crandallite group. Its intergrowths indicate"}, {"text": "very acid conditions of origin, characteristics of epithermal deposits. Physical properties. Lemanskiite normally forms with a habit of very large nodules up to five centimeters long; it can also form with veins of quartz. Lemanskiite has two different types of occurrences, needle-shaped and rosette-shaped aggregates. The needle-shaped aggregates are very thin plate-like individual crystals with a length of 0.8mm and have a thickness of 10\u03bcm. The rosette-shaped aggregates are thin, lamellar, subparallel intergrowths with very thin individual domains. Lemanskiite comes in a dark sky blue color. The mineral has also been found to be translucent. Lemanskiite has a hardness of around 2.5 on the Mohs scale, and has a density of 3.78g/cm3. It has excellent cleavage parallel to the largest face visible which is (001), has a brittle tenacity, has a light blue streak, and has a vitreous luster. Optical properties. Lemanskiite is uniaxial negative. The refractive indices \u03c9 = 1.749(2) and \u03b5 = 1.647(2), and It has high surface relief. It has strong pleochroism with a O value of dark green-blue and an E value of light blue-green (light turquoise). Chemical properties. Lemanskiite is a hydrous copper, calcium, and sodium chlorarsenate. The idealized formula is NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl\u00b73H2O. The empirical formula"}, {"text": "of this mineral, calculated on the basis of 20 O + Cl is Na0.98(Ca0.98Sr0.03)\u03a31.01Cu5.07As3.97O15.97Cl1.03\u20223H2O. Lemanskiite is no longer a dimorph of lanendulan due to the lower H2O content, as it was discovered in 2018, to actually less hydrated. Crystal structure. Lemanskiite is a member of the lavendulan group, and has a crystal structure that is based on heteropolyhedral layers parallel to (100). The heteropolyherdal layer are represented as Cu2+-centered polyhedra and AsO4 tetrahedra. This new structural type being formed, shows clusters of four-edge shared copper fivefold polyhedra forming distorted tetragonal pyramids, with a chlorine being the shared apex. However, even though lemanskiite is a member of the lavendulan group, it differs in that the fourth vertex in each of the AsO4 is linked a copper-centered without a copper fivefold polyhedra cluster. Due to this, this copper site is instead a centered tetragonal pyramid with the oxygen atom of water molecule at a distant fifth apex CuO4(H2O). X-ray crystallography. A single of lemanskiite, with excellent cleavage along the (001) plane, was examined with a XCalibur CCD diffractometer. Lemanskiite is in the monoclinic crystal system in the space group \"P\"21/\"m\". The study of lemanskiite, performed at room temperature, produced the following data"}, {"text": "for a single unit cell of the crystal: a = 9.250(2) \u00c5, b = 10.0058(10) \u00c5, c = 10.0412(17) \u00c5; \u03b2 = 97.37\u00b0, V = 921.7(3) \u00c53. The powder X-ray diffraction data of lemanskiite was analyzed on a Rigaku R-AXIS RAPID II diffractometer utilizing CoKa radiation (\u03bb = 1.79021 \u00c5) in the Debye-Sherrer geometry (d = 127.4 mm). The collected data was integrated to account for several weak reflections in the data set. The final collected data of the two minerals in the powdered sample was 97.9% lemanskiite and 2.1% quartz. See also. List of Minerals"}, {"text": "Gong Maoxin and Zhang Ze were the defending champions but lost in the first round to Nam Ji-sung and Song Min-kyu. Andrew Harris and Marc Polmans won the title after defeating Alex Bolt and Matt Reid 6\u20130, 6\u20131 in the final."}, {"text": "McKenna Dahl (born May 1, 1996) is an American Paralympic sports shooter. She became the first female sports shooter to win a medal in shooting at the 2016 Summer Paralympics and also won two medals in the 2019 Parapan American Games. Dahl studied business and technology management in DeVry University in 2018."}, {"text": "The 2019 Wolffkran Open was a professional tennis tournament played on carpet courts. It was the third edition of the tournament which was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Ismaning, Germany between 14 and 20 October 2019. Singles main draw entrants. Other entrants. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following player received entry into the singles main draw using a protected ranking: The following player received entry into the singles main draw as an alternate: The following players received entry from the qualifying draw: The following player received entry as a lucky loser:"}, {"text": "Vilambaram () is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Suriyanithi and produced by Joseph Stalin. It stars Abhinay Vaddi, Haira and Aishwarya Rajesh. Featuring music composed by J. Vimal, the film began production in mid-2012 was released in March 2019. Production. The film's producer Joseph Stalin, an entrepreneur, met director Suriyanithi through the co-producer of the film, V. P. Ramakrishnan, and agreed to finance his debut film. Suriyanithi had previously apprenticed under directors including K. Balachander, Yaar Kannan and Sundar K. Vijayan. The makers decided to cast actor Abhinay Vaddi after seeing him in Dasari Narayana Rao's \"Young India\" (2010), and \"Vilambaram\" was the first Tamil film that he signed on to appear in. The film was shot throughout late 2012 and early 2013 in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, with actresses Haira and Aishwarya Rajesh also joining the cast. Rajesh played a glamorous character in the film. Following Aishwarya Rajesh's appearances in \"Rummy\" (2014) and \"Pannaiyarum Padminiyum\" (2014), she had become a known presence in the Tamil film industry. The producers subsequently increased her visibility in the film's promotional material and tried to pass her off as the film's lead actress in July 2014. Aishwarya later spoke out against"}, {"text": "the makers, suggesting that she had only appeared in a small role in the film and that the promoters were misrepresenting her involvement in the project. The film continued to be delayed and unreleased for five further years, before being released in 2019. Soundtrack. The soundtrack is composed by J. Vimal Raj. He previously worked on the score for the film \"Senthoora Poove\" and the director of this film, Suriyanithi, worked as an assistant director for the film. Release. The film released on 1 March 2019 along with \"90 ML\", \"Dha Dha 87\", \"Thirumanam\", and \"Thadam\". The film went unnoticed at the box office."}, {"text": "Aman Ullah Chowdhury was a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and a member of parliament for Mymensingh-11. Career. Chowdhury was elected to parliament from Mymensingh-11 as a Bangladesh Muslim League candidate in 1986 and as a Bangladesh Nationalist Party candidate in 1991 and February 1996. Death. Chowdhury died on 8 June 2014 in Square Hospital, Dhaka."}, {"text": "Jenness is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:"}, {"text": "Adriana Rodr\u00edguez Fuentes (born 12 July 1999) is a Cuban athlete competing in the heptathlon and long jump. She represented her country in the latter at the 2019 World Championships in Doha without reaching the final. Earlier that year she won a heptathlon gold at the 2019 Pan American Games. Personal bests. Outdoors"}, {"text": "Indoleacetate decarboxylase (IAD) is a glycyl radical enzyme (therefore member of the GRE superfamily ) that catalyses the decarboxylation of indoleacetate to form skatole, which is a malodorous organic compound that gives animal faeces their characteristic smell. This decarboxylation is the last step of the tryptophan fermentation in some types of anaerobic bacteria. Tryptophan (Trp), Tyrosine (Tyr) and Phenylalanine (Phe) are aromatic aminoacids that can be degraded by certain types of fermenting bacteria. These bacteria create indoleacetate, p-hydroxyphenylacetate and phenylacetate, respectively. In addition, some bacteria carry out a further step, decarboxylating these compounds and creating skatole, cresol and toluene, respectively, which are volatile aromatic compounds. Out of these three compounds, skatole is the most noticeable as its distinct faecal malodour is detectable at the lowest concentration of 0.00056 parts per million (0.0030 mg/m3). Discovery. The study that led to the discovery of the indoleacetate decarboxylase enzyme was published in 2018., and was carried out by an international research team, co-led by Huimin Zhao, from the A*STAR Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences. The researchers compared the genoma of two skatole producers bacteria, \"Clostridium scatologenes\" (\"Cs\") and \"Olsenella scatoligenes\" (\"Os\"), isolated from acidic sediment and swine manure respectively, in order to"}, {"text": "identify a candidate GRE with IAD activity. The team found two proteins that share approximately half of the sequence identity, suggesting they might have the same function as well: A0A0E3M8P3 in \"Cs\" (CsIAD) and A0A100YXA1 in \"Os\" (OsIAD). To confirm their biochemical activity, the researchers recombinantly produced the enzyme OsIAD and its protein neighborhood, in which it was its activating enzyme, OsIADAE. Once the enzyme was conveniently activated, it was incubated with indoleacetate, and this process resulted in the generation of skatole, proving that OsAID was an IAD. This enzyme was also incubated with phenylacetate and p-hydroxyphenylacetate and there was no activity, indicating high substrate specificity. Structure. The structure of the IAD hasn't been discovered yet, but as a glycyl radical enzyme (GRE) it is known that its core structure is formed by a 10-stranded \u03b2-barrel surrounded by \u03b1-helices. Reaction mechanism. Indoleacetate decarboxylase takes part in the tryptophan fermentation, which involves two steps. The first one consists of the degradation of the amino acid into indole-3-acetate. And in the second step, IAD catalyzes the decarboxylation of the indole-3-acetate to form the final product, skatole. The decarboxylation of indole-3-acetate is chemically difficult since it leaves an unstable carbanion because of the"}, {"text": "direct elimination of CO2. This chemical reaction is promoted by 1-electron oxidation of indole-3-acetate through a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), which requires the transfer of the indolic-NH proton to a suitably positioned base, producing an indoleacetate anion radical intermediate. Biological relevance. The discovery of IAD provides a way to identify the skatole-producing bacteria and helps us understand the fermentation pathways and their products, which had not been found in previous studies. Fermentation of aromatic amino acids (in this case tryptophan) leads to a large variety of products that remain with their stable aromatic rings. When this fermentation takes place in the human or animal gut, these compounds can accumulate in the host bloodstream and have global physiological or pathological effects. Several analysis in humans showed the presence of IAD in two more bacteria: \"Olsenella uli\" from the gingival crevice, and \"Faecalicatena contorta\" from gangrenous appendicitis. This enzyme also contributes to halitosis, since it is present in certain sequenced human oral bacteria, and this discovery could open some doors to treat this condition. Furthermore, the mosquitoes that cause Japanese encephalitis and West Nile virus are known to be attracted by skatole, so blocking the production of this molecule might help to"}, {"text": "combat the spread of this infections In the farming industry, skatole is a major component of the manure smell and the source of some bovine respiratory diseases. Skatole causes acute bovine pulmonary edema (ABPD, a condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs) and emphysema (condition that causes shortness of breath) in cattle. It is also responsible for the intense offensive odor and taste that can be evident when cooking or eating pork. Many ruminants are susceptible to ABPE, a disease in which skatole acts as a very selective pneumotoxin that causes the degeneration of certain lung tissues. Therefore, by knowing the IAD mechanism, the skatole products could be suppressed and with them the unpleasant smell of animal feaces and the other pathological effects that has on many living creatures."}, {"text": "Filippo Baldi was the defending champion but lost in the third round to Luk\u00e1\u0161 Lacko. Lacko won the title after defeating Maxime Cressy 6\u20133, 6\u20130 in the final. Seeds. All seeds receive a bye into the second round."}, {"text": "The Save Our Seas Foundation is a philanthropic organization founded in Geneva, Switzerland, on 23 September 2003. Focusing primarily on threatened wildlife, mainly endangered elasmobranchs and their habitats, the Save Our Seas Foundation supports research, conservation and education projects worldwide. Background. Approximately 400 species of sharks are found in the world. They have inhabited our oceans for more than 500 million years, pre-dating the first dinosaurs by 100 million years, and they appear in every single ocean, playing a crucial role in the health of the marine ecosystems. Due to threats such as overfishing, climate change, habitat loss and persecution, many shark populations have declined by more than 90%. Over 100 million sharks are killed annually in commercial fishing, resulting in such severe declines that more than a quarter of shark species and their relatives are considered Threatened or Near Threatened with extinction on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Despite these declines, comparatively few shark species are listed under Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which poses strict controls on the international trade in listed species. The first sharks to be included were basking and whale"}, {"text": "sharks in 2003, and by 2016 a total of 12 shark species and all manta and devil ray species were listed in Appendix II, as well as sawfish species in Appendix I. In 2019 a further 18 species were added (mako sharks, guitarfishes and wedgefishes). While progress has been made to improve the management and conservation of shark populations globally, more than 80% of the international shark fin trade that drives shark fisheries is unregulated. Most sharks and ray species are highly vulnerable to overfishing, as they grow slowly, mature late and live for a long time. They typically fulfill an important role as predators in their ecosystems, so the decline of shark populations is likely to have a cascading effect on the abundance and distribution of other species, threatening ecosystems and food supplies with unpredictable consequences. Education and research centers. The Save Our Seas Foundation Shark Education Center. Situated at the edge of False Bay in Cape Town, South Africa, the Save Our Seas Foundation Shark Education Centre was established in 2008 on the doorstep of the Dalebrook Marine Protected Area, a sanctuary zone within the greater Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area. The centre is open throughout"}, {"text": "the year for school and public visits. The Save Our Seas Foundation D\u2019Arros Research Centre. The Save Our Seas Foundation D\u2019Arros Research Centre (SOSF-DRC) is based on D\u2019Arros Island, 225 kilometres south-west of Mah\u00e9, in the Amirantes, Seychelles. D\u2019Arros Island is separated from St Joseph Atoll by a channel one kilometre (0.6 mile) wide and 70 metres (230 feet) deep. The marine environment surrounding D\u2019Arros Island and St Joseph Atoll has a high diversity of habitats and species, providing a suitable ocean observatory for scientific studies. Since its inception in 2012, the centre has concluded numerous targeted research projects in collaboration with various international institutions. These diverse projects have focused mostly on threatened species such as sharks, turtles, seabirds, fish and corals, but have also included habitat assessments, feasibility surveys and oceanography. The Save Our Seas Shark Research Center USA. The Save Our Seas Shark Research Center USA is located in Florida, US, and was established at Nova Southeastern University in 2009. Nova Southeastern University is also home to the Guy Harvey Research Institute and the Center of Excellence for Coral Reef Ecosystems Research, both of which conduct collaborative research with the Save Our Seas Shark Research Center. It specializes"}, {"text": "in taking integrative, multi-disciplinary approaches to research and conservation, which include combining high-tech genetics, genomics and field work to illuminate holistic aspects of shark and ray science that would be difficult to decipher using single-discipline approaches alone. In February 2019, scientists decoded the genome of the white shark and discovered insights that may explain why these sharks have survived over millennia. This discovery may impact how we understand and manage human age-related diseases in the future. Foundation grants. The Save Our Seas Foundation offers a series of grants dedicated mainly to projects on elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates). Most of these projects currently fall into the areas of research, conservation and education and are capable of attracting significant public attention, potentially increasing public and government awareness of the urgent need to protect the marine environment. Sawfish, wedgefish and guitarfish are some of the most threatened species in the oceans, but little is known about them. Since 2017, the foundation has decided to focus on protecting this rare category of fishes. Partners. The foundation has several long-term partners: the Manta Trust, the Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, Shark Spotters, BC Whales, and the Acoustic Tracking Array Platform (ATAP). It provides funding"}, {"text": "and guidance for their projects, facilitates international cooperation among researchers and maintains an active communication link to forge a global conservation plan of action."}, {"text": "The 2019 World Mixed Curling Championship was held from 12 to 19 October in Aberdeen, Scotland. In the final, Canada's Colin Kurz defeated Germany's Andy Kapp 6-5. It was Canada's second consecutive title at the World Mixed, having won in 2018. It was also Germany's first spot on the podium, having never made it past the quarterfinals in past years. Round robin standings. \"Final Round Robin Standings\" Round robin results. Draw 1. \"12 October, 8:00 am\" Draw 2. \"12 October, 12:00 pm\" Draw 3. \"12 October, 4:00 pm\" Draw 4. \"12 October, 8:30 pm\" Draw 5. \"13 October, 8:00 am\" Draw 6. \"13 October, 12:00 pm\" Draw 7. \"13 October, 4:00 pm\" Draw 8. \"13 October, 8:00 pm\" Draw 9. \"14 October, 8:00 am\" Draw 10. \"14 October, 12:00 pm\" Draw 11. \"14 October, 4:00 pm\" Draw 12. \"14 October, 8:00 pm\" Draw 13. \"15 October, 8:00 am\" Draw 14. \"15 October, 12:00 pm\" Draw 15. \"15 October, 4:00 pm\" Draw 16. \"15 October, 8:00 pm\" Draw 17. \"16 October, 8:00 am\" Draw 18. \"16 October, 12:00 pm\" Draw 19. \"16 October, 4:00 pm\" Draw 20. \"16 October, 8:00 pm\" Draw 21. \"17 October, 8:00 am\" Draw 22. \"17 October,"}, {"text": "12:00 pm\" Draw 23. \"17 October, 4:00 pm\" Draw 24. \"17 October, 8:00 pm\" Playoffs. Once group play has finished the top three teams from each group, as well as the best fourth place team, will proceed to a four round playoff. The playoff teams will be seeded based on their final ranking within their group as well as their Draw Shot Challenge score. Round of 16. \"18 October, 9:00 am\" \"18 October, 1:00 pm\" Quarterfinals. \"18 October, 7:00 pm\" Semifinals. \"19 October, 9:00 am\" Bronze-medal game. \"19 October, 3:00 pm\" Gold-medal game. \"19 October, 3:00 pm\""}, {"text": "Purav Raja and Antonio \u0160an\u010di\u0107 were the defending champions but only Raja chose to defend his title, partnering Rameez Junaid. Raja lost in the first round to Scott Clayton and Evan Hoyt. Quentin Halys and Tristan Lamasine won the title after defeating James Cerretani and Maxime Cressy 6\u20133, 7\u20135 in the final."}, {"text": "Julie Elisabeth Backer (31 August 1890 \u2013 31 December 1977) was a Norwegian statistician who was bureau chief for Norway's Central Bureau of Statistics 1936\u20131956 specializing in the study of mortality. Biography. She was born in Kristiania as a daughter of architect Herman Backer (1856\u20131932) and Elisabeth Christiane n\u00e9e Boeck (1868\u20131958). After finishing her secondary education in 1909 she took the cand.oecon. degree in 1912. She worked a few years as a calculator at the life insurance company Gjensidige before being employed in Statistics Norway in 1917. In 1920-1921 she studied at the University of Montpellier, and in 1922 she worked at the L'Institut international de Commerce in Brussels. In 1929 she studied Medical Statistics at the League of Nations in Geneva. She served as bureau chief for Statistics Norway in 1936\u20131956, and later became a consultant in the research department there. In 1938 she took the dr.philos. degree with the thesis \"D\u00f8deligheten blandt lungetuberkul\u00f8se\", on the mortality among tuberculosis victims. Her principal interests and responsibilities lay in health and population statistics. She became head of her division in 1936 and served in that post until her retirement in 1956. After her retirement, she still continued her research and carried"}, {"text": "on publishing. She was an elected member of the International Statistical Institute, the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population and a World Health Organization expert panel on statistical classification of diseases. Notable works. Backer was widely published, particularly concerning population statistics and medical-statistical topics."}, {"text": "Achille Delattre (24 August 1879 \u2013 13 July 1964) was a Belgian politician and trade unionist. Born in P\u00e2turages, in the Hainaut Province of Belgium, Delattre became a coal miner at the age of twelve. In 1902, he founded a branch of the Belgian Miners' Federation in his village. He spent some time working as a journalist, but from 1914 worked full-time as a trade union organiser and politician. In 1907, Delattre joined the Belgian Labour Party, winning election to the village council, then in 1921 he was elected to the Chamber of Representatives, representing Bergen. The following year, he was elected to the national executive of the Labour Party. In 1927, Delattre was persuaded by Herbert Smith to become secretary of the Miners' International Federation (MIF), the first non-Briton to hold the post. He resigned in 1934, becoming Minister of Labour in Belgium from 1935 until 1939, then served as vice-president of the Labour Party until it was banned in 1940. He also served as Mayor of P\u00e2turages in 1939, and again from the end of World War II. In 1945, Delattre was elected as chair of the Union of Mineworkers of Belgium, and also as president of the"}, {"text": "MIF. That year, he was one of the former Labour Party politicians who founded the Belgian Socialist Party, and he was also made a Minister of State. He served as Minister for Fuel and Energy from 1947 to 1948, and remained a representative until 1954. He retired from his trade union posts in 1958, but remained Mayor of P\u00e2turages until his death in 1964."}, {"text": "Simone Haak (born Ooststellingwerf, 6 June 1952) is a Dutch visual artist, who has worked as monumental artist. sculptor and ceramicist, She is art dealer at Gallery Terra Delft, which she co-founded with Joke Doedens (1962). Biography. Early years, education and the Porceleyne Fles. Haak was born and raised in Ooststellingwerf, a municipality in the province of Friesland. She studied art at the Academie Minerva in Minerva under Kees van Rensen. On his advised she continue her studies in Delft, where from 1975 to 1977 she was an apprentice at the experimental department of the De Koninklijke Porceleyne Fles under Theo Dobbelman. The experimental department of De Koninklijke Porceleyne Fles in Delft had been a breathing ground for a new generation of Dutch ceramists since the 1950s. In the 1970s little had left but the remains of experiments of ceramists such as Emmy van Deventer. To create more spirit in consultation with Theo Dobbelman she started inviting other young artists, such as Evelyn van Baarda and Pauline Wiertz (1955\u20132019). The cooperation which started here, would continued later at the gallery. After she left the Porceleyne Fles in 1997 Haak took a teaching position at the Het Rijnlands Lyceum Oegstgeest. Later"}, {"text": "years at Gallery Terra Delft. In 1986 Haak founded the Gallery Terra in Delft together with Joke Doedens (1961). Their intention as to create new market opportunities for Dutch ceramists on the Dutch market. The art gallery had started in 1986 in an patrician house at the Oude Delft, the eldest canal in Delft. After three years in 1989 it moved to a shop-premises in Nieuwstraat, a side street between the Oude Delft and the Wijnhaven, where it would remain."}, {"text": "The 2019 Las Vegas Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifth edition of the revamped tournament which was the part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Las Vegas, United States between 14 and 20 October 2019. Singles main draw entrants. Other entrants. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:"}, {"text": "Sarwar Jan Chowdhury is a Jatiya Party (Ershad) Bangladeshi politician and a former member of parliament for Gopalganj-2. Career. Chowdhury was elected to parliament from Gopalganj-2 as a Jatiya Party candidate in 1986."}, {"text": "The 2019 Battle of the Giants is the 41st season of Battle of the Giants a football competition held every year, under the auspices of the Fiji Football Association in which the top district teams take part. The competition, which started in 1978, was due to the foresight of J.D. Maharaj, who saw it as a way of earning money for cash starved football associations in Fiji. This was the first time that a football competition in Fiji was sponsored by businesses. The competition has been held every year except 1987, when restrictions placed by the military government on organised competitions on Sunday led to all soccer competitions in Fiji being abandoned. Teams. The 8 teams from 2019 Fiji Premier League play the Battle of The Giants. Group stage. The 8 teams were split in two groups with four teams each. The top two advanced to semifinal. Group A. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Group B. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude>"}, {"text": "Thanasi Kokkinakis was the defending champion but chose not to defend his title. Vasek Pospisil won the title after defeating James Duckworth 7\u20135, 6\u20137(11\u201313), 6\u20133 in the final. Seeds. All seeds receive a bye into the second round."}, {"text": "David Keenan is a songwriter, musician and composer who originally hails from Dundalk, County Louth on the Irish border. He is currently releasing independently through his own label Barrack Street Records. Early life. David Keenan is an Irish songwriter and musician. Early life in Dundalk where he grew up between the family home and his grandparents house is where he first absorbed stories, music and poetry and nurtured a need to express himself. After failing most of his final year exams in secondary school and having spent time working in nightclubs and bars he decided to take the ferry from Ireland to Liverpool, busking by day, soaking up gigs by night the then still teenager developed a deeper sense of life experience and human nature, all of which went into a constant stream of new songs and writings. After a stint living in London resulted in a mugging and some creative frustrations he returned to Dublin with determination and began relentlessly playing live while releasing EP's through his own label Barrack Street Records. A musical tribe spanning two generations of Irish musicians grew around Keenan which led to the release of \"Evidence of Living\" in 2018 followed by tours in"}, {"text": "the run up to the recording of his debut album \"A Beginner's Guide to Bravery\" in 2019. In September 2019 Keenan signed with Irish Independent label Rubyworks Records before the release of A Beginner's Guide To Bravery, which reached number 1 in the Independent charts and was the biggest selling Vinyl record in the country during the week of its release in January 2020. The release was marked by headlining Dublin's Olympia Theatre which later became the concert film and live album \"Alchemy & Prose\". Musical Career, writing and influences. Shortly afterwards Keenan moved to Paris as artist in residence in the Centre Culturel Irlandais, where he wrote and later published a collection of Poems entitled \"Soundings of an Unnamed Bird\". It was also during this time of pre lockdown isolation and introspection that stirrings of a new album began to take hold and having returned to Ireland once again, plans were put in place to record what later became his second studio album \"WHAT THEN?\" with American musician / producer Jonathan Mooney (Other Lives) in Black Mountain studios, just outside his hometown of Dundalk. \"WHAT THEN\"? was released in October of '21 to critical acclaim and is widely considered"}, {"text": "a maturing record where Keenan grew both lyrically and musically. Keenan has toured extensively across the UK, Europe, North America and his native Ireland, building a reputation for incredible, personable, live performances where nothing is left behind. He has lived in Barcelona since 2021. Keenan released four EPs on his own label, Barrack Street Records, named after a place in his hometown Dundalk, including \"Cobwebs\", \"Strip Me Bare\", \"Strip Me Bare Vol. 2\", and \"Evidence of Living\". Keenan recorded his debut album, \"A Beginner's Guide to Bravery\", in Hellfire Studios on the outskirts of Dublin over the course of seven days. It was released on 10 January 2020, debuting at number 1 in the Irish Independent Albums Charts. \"A Beginner's Guide to Bravery\" became the biggest selling vinyl album during its week of release. Keenan's debut was described as \"a remarkable record\" by NPR, \"Thrilling\" by Sunday Times and \"A marvellous album, and a labour of love\" by The Irish Independent. Keenan played a sold out Olympia Theatre in Dublin the week of the album release, captured on film it would later become concert film and live album \"Alchemy & Prose\". Keenan published his first collection of poetry \"Soundings of"}, {"text": "an Unnamed Bird\" in 2020 Keenan released his second album, \"What Then?\", on 15 October 2021. The first single from the album, \"Bark\", was released on 10 June 2021, followed by \"Sentimental Dole\" on 16 July, \"What Then Cried Jo Soap\" on 19 August of the same year. To promote the album, Keenan toured the United States with Rodrigo y Gabriela in September 2021. Having released his latest \u201cCrude\u201d & \u201cCRUDE BOYO\u201d records in 22 & 23 Having played his biggest Irish headline to date in The National Concert Hall, Dublin this September (23) He\u2019s currently developing a fourth studio album due for release in 2025 as well as a documentary film with filmmaker Paddy Hayes."}, {"text": "Marcelo Ar\u00e9valo and Roberto Mayt\u00edn were the defending champions but chose to defend their title with different partners. Ar\u00e9valo partnered Miguel \u00c1ngel Reyes-Varela but lost in the first round to Ruben Gonzales and Ruan Roelofse. Mayt\u00edn partnered Robert Galloway but lost in the first round to Nathan Pasha and Max Schnur. Gonzales and Roelofse won the title after defeating Pasha and Schnur 2\u20136, 6\u20133, [10\u20138] in the final."}, {"text": "Duda Edievich Enginoev (; 25 June 1919 \u2013 22 October 1979) was a scout in the Red Army and the only Chechen full bearer of the Order of Glory. Early life. Enginoev was born on 25 June 1919 to a Chechen peasant family in the village of Psedakh, presently located in the Malgobeksky District of Ingushetia. With only a primary education, he worked on a collective farm before entering the Red Army in the late 1930s. He saw combat in the Winter War. World War II. Starting in July 1941, Enginoev was on the front lines of World War II. In 1942 he was seriously wounded, but he eventually returned to combat. On 9 April 1944 he took out three enemy soldiers and obtained valuable documents while on a reconnaissance mission, and later that month he was awarded the Order of Glory 3rd class for bravery in obtaining the documents and delivering them to division command. In September he captured multiple retreating enemy soldiers and officers, resulting in getting an Order of Glory 2nd class on 16 October 1944. He became a full bearer of the order on 10 April 1945 for actions on 24-29 January 1945 in Poland, where"}, {"text": "he and his platoon killed many axis soldiers and took ten captive. Later life. After being demobilized from the military in 1946 he struggled to find his family throughout Central Asia, where the Chechen nation had been deported to in 1944. Eventually he found his surviving family in Belek, Kyrgyzstan, where he lived in exile until his death on 22 October 1979. References."}, {"text": "Inside Game is a 2019 American sports drama written by Andy Callahan and directed by Randall Batinkoff and starring Scott Wolf, Eric Mabius, Will Sasso, and Lindsey Morgan. This film is based on the 2007 NBA betting scandal and centers on Tommy Martino (Wolf) and his two friends NBA referee Tim Donaghy (Mabius) and bookie Baba Battista (Sasso). It was released on November 1, 2019. Philadelphia, New York, New Jersey and Florida are the main settings and primary shooting locations were in the New Jersey environs. Plot. The plot follows a betting scheme between the three childhood friends who were uniquely situated to their roles."}, {"text": "Farid Ahmed is an independent politician in Bangladesh and a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Gopalganj-2 constituency. Career. Ahmed was elected to parliament from Gopalganj-2 as an independent candidate in 1988."}, {"text": "Best Entertainment Television (BETV, also known as, BE TV or BeTV) is a local private television channel in Bujumbura, the largest city and former capital city of Burundi. History. BETV (since 2017). BETV is an apolitical private television channel in Burundi, launched on 25 October 2017. Its mission is to promote Burundian culture by promoting cultural agents and the talents of the country in its broadcasts in Kirundi, French and Swahili. BETV stands for B\"est Entertainment Television\". It is different from and has no partnership with the Belgian cable television platform BeTV (formerly Canal+ Belgique), launched on 29 August 2004, when the former platform Vivendi sold Canal+ Benelux. It is also involved in entertainment activities throughout the country. In 2019, it was the exclusive media that covered the event of the Buja Music Awards at its first edition on 7 July 2019. The same goes for the event of Buja Fashion Week the same year. On 20 May 2019, BETV launched its website and app on Google PlayStore.In the 2020s, its app was no longer available on Google PlayStore. Around 2022, BETV's website was inactive, but its social media are active. Logos and identities. A current logo has a rectangle"}, {"text": "and a trapezoid. The letter BE is in the middle of the rectangle, and then the letter TV is at side of the trapezoid. Finally, the rectangle conjoins the one. A variant logo has a grey circle line and a blue circle, and then the current logo is the middle of the current logo. Another variant logo is similar to the variant one. It has a blue circle and then a word BURUNDI near the current logo. Finally, the word is white."}, {"text": "SS \"Hudson\" was a steel-hulled package freighter that served on the Great Lakes from her construction in 1887 to her sinking in 1901. On September 16, 1901, while heading across Lake Superior with a cargo of wheat and flax, she ran into a storm and sank with the loss of all 25 crew off Eagle Harbor, Michigan (located on the Keweenaw Peninsula). For nearly 118 years the location of \"Hudson\"s wreck remained unknown, until in July 2019 her wreck was found in of water, completely intact. In all likelihood, she is the second deepest shipwreck on the Great Lakes, behind the bulk freighter \"Scotiadoc\" (discovered in 2013 at a depth of ), and tied with the composite bulk freighter \"S.R. Kirby\" (discovered in 2018). History. Construction. \"Hudson\" (Official number 95953) was designed by Frank E. Kirby and was built in 1888 by the Detroit Dry Dock Company of Wyandotte, Michigan. She was launched on November 16/17, 1887 as hull number 82. She cost $275,000 to build. Her steel (some sources state iron) hull was long, wide and deep. She had a gross register tonnage of 2294.14 tons, a net register tonnage of 1853.37 tons and a cargo capacity of 2,650"}, {"text": "tons. The ship was equipped with an 80 rpm triple expansion steam engine with pistons which had bores of , and and a stroke of . The engine was powered by steam provided by two by Scotch marine boilers, which had a working pressure of 160 psi; both the engine and the boilers were built by the Detroit Engine Works of Detroit, Michigan. She was equipped with a single fixed pitch propeller with a diameter of . She had an identical sister ship named \"Harlem\". Service history. \"Hudson\" was built for the Western Transit Company (a subsidiary of the New York Central Railway Company) of Buffalo, New York. On May 9, 1888 she was enrolled in Detroit, but on May 15, 1888 she was re-registered to Buffalo. On October 24, 1890, while in Duluth, Minnesota, \"Hudson\" collided with the wooden steam barge \"City of Nicolet\", sending her to the bottom of Lake Superior. Final voyage. On September 15, 1901, \"Hudson\" left Duluth under the command of Captain Angus J. McDonald, with a cargo of wheat and flax bound for Buffalo. Around the time she passed the Apostle Islands, a storm had kicked up. On the morning of September 16, 1901,"}, {"text": "several lighthouse keepers in Eagle River, Michigan reported seeing \"Hudson\" dead in the water in listing badly. Eventually, she rolled over and sank, taking the lives of all 25 (some sources state 24) crew members. Aftermath. One report after the sinking stated that the identity of the ship was a mystery, and it was believed that another ship sighted in the area may have rescued the crew of \"Hudson\". Another report stated that due to the lack of wreckage, the sinking of \"Hudson\" was \"probably a mistake\". But on September 20, 1901, a fishing boat found two masts, one painted black and the other yellow, which matched the colour of \"Hudson\"s masts. Over the next few days, much more wreckage, and a few bodies from \"Hudson\" came ashore. After her sinking, it was speculated that her cargo shifted, causing her to roll over and leading to her sinking. It was also believed that she may have had engine trouble, which could also have contributed to her sinking. At the time of her loss, \"Hudson\" was valued at $180,000. \"Hudson\" wreck. Wreck discovery. In mid-2019, Jerry Eliason of Cloquet, Minnesota and Kraig Smith of Rice Lake, Wisconsin were searching for the"}, {"text": "wrecks of \"Hudson\", the paddle steamer \"Sunbeam\" and the composite bulk freighter \"S.R. Kirby\", which had already been found by the Great Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society (GLSHS) in June 2018, but had not yet been made public. Eventually, Eliason and Smith found a likely looking target in over of water about off Eagle Harbor, Michigan. In mid-July, they set out to the target . When they were above the wreck, they dropped a camera attached to a cable. After passing over the wreck a few times, the camera picked up the letters HUD on the vessel's stern, confirming that the wreck was \"Hudson\". Discovery of her wreck was made public in September 2019. \"Hudson\" today. The wreck of the \"Hudson\" rests in of water, with her hull completely intact. Her bow is buried in the lake bottom, with her stern rising about from the bottom. All that remains is her steel hull, because when she sank, her cabins broke free and floated away. Due to the depth of her wreck, she is almost impossible for divers to explore. Eliason reported that \"Hudson\" and \"S.R. Kirby\", both resting at the same depth, are likely the second deepest shipwrecks ever located on"}, {"text": "the Great Lakes, after the freighter which rests in of water near the Sleeping Giant."}, {"text": "is a Professor Emeritus at Nara Women's University in Japan, most notable for her work in the fields of mathematical biology and theoretical ecology. Her established career in academia has seen many of her articles published to acclaim, as well as contributing to the education of researchers at Kyoto University and Doshisha University. Shigesada has served as the Research Supervisor for the Basic Research Program PRESTO in the research area \"Innovative Models of Biological Processes and its Development\", supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency from 2007-2013. She has also served as Secretary General and President for The Japanese Society for Mathematical Biology. In 2013, she was awarded the Akira Okubo Prize. Career. In the 1970s Shigesada was an active member of Mumay Tansky, a group composed of Shigesasda and colleagues Ei Teramoto, Hiroshi Ashida, Hisao Nakajima, Kohkichi Kawasaki, and Norio Yamamura. The group, organized by Teramoto, published papers on structure, stability and efficiency of ecosystems. In 1979, Shigesada focused on the observational study of the spatial distribution of ant lions by ecologist Masaaki Morisita. She studied the concept of the structures of experience and consciousness (phenomenology) with regards to environmental density and the degree to which a habitat"}, {"text": "might be unfavorable. She introduced a model that combined population pressure, due to mutual interference between individuals, with environmental potential. Shigesada extended Morisita's work, explaining how coexistence of competing species can arise through spatial segregation. In the last twenty years, Shigesada has studied pine wilt disease which is caused by the pinewood roundworm with a pine sawyer beetle as vector. Through the study of population dynamics, she estimated beetle densities and parameter values, finding that there is a threshold host density above which the disease can spread, and that the minimum density critically depends on the eradication rate."}, {"text": "To Require Truth in Labeling of Agricultural Products that Are Edible by Humans, also known as Act 501, is a law passed in the US state of Arkansas that restricts the terminology that can be applied to substitutes of animal-based foods. It also prohibits using the label \"rice\" for any food product that is not \"the whole, broken, or ground kernels or by-products obtained from the species \"Oryza sativa\" L. or \"Oryza glaberrima\", or wild rice, which is obtained from one of the four species of grasses from the genus \"Zizania\" or \"Proteresia\"\". Arkansas produced nearly half of all the rice grown in the US in 2018. It was signed into law in March 2019. The legislation was proposed by David Hillman. Hillman stated that the use of meat terminology by producers of plant-based products is done to confuse consumers, saying, \"the only way they can get people to try their product is to confuse them\". The law stated that only products that derived from animals could be referred to as meat or other terminology traditionally associated with animal products, but the vague and expansive scope of the law means that products like peanut butter could be unlawful as well."}, {"text": "Other labels that would be illegal include \"cauliflower rice\", \"veggie dog\", \"veggie burger\", and \"almond milk\", among others. The penalty for breaking the law is US$1,000 per violation. In July 2019, the American Civil Liberties Union of Arkansas, Good Food Institute, and Animal Legal Defense Fund filed a lawsuit against the law on behalf of Tofurky, a brand that creates meat replacement products from wheat protein and tofu."}, {"text": "Director of Corporate Enforcement v Barry Seymour [2011 IESC 45]; [2013 1 IR 82], was an Irish Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that commercial misjudgement was not in itself sufficient to justify disqualification as a company director under the Companies Act 1990. Background. Mr Justice Rodrick Murphy (Murphy J) presided over the High Court hearing preceding this case. In coming to his concluding judgment, Murphy J considered the actions of Mr Seymour as an experienced individual in the Irish banking sector. Prior to assessing Mr Seymour's culpability however, the court first considered the application of an inspection report made by the Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment in 1998 concerning the financial affairs of NIB and National Irish Bank Financial Services Ltd. (NIBFS). Following the conclusion of the inspection report, it was established that both bodies were involved in inappropriate practices. Though the inspection lasted for a duration of 10 years, the High Court noted how Mr Seymour was only employed in the bank between 1994 and 1996. The Report stated the Inspectors' conclusion that responsibility for six improper practices rested with the senior management of NIB. The High Court assessed the actions of Mr Seymour and"}, {"text": "held that liability was present. Most particularly, liability was attached to senior management within the bank. Pursuant to the judgment, Macken J, writing for the Supreme Court, listed the following six key causes for concern with respect to the inspector's report:1) Funds were found to being concealed for the purposes of tax evasion. 2) Tax was reduced at a lower rate on special savings accounts. 3) There was increased ambiguity pertaining to the names of account holders. This flagged a suspicion among those conducting the inspection report and considered the likelihood of false accounts being used. 4) Other means of investments were used. An example being the over reliance on clerical medical insurance. 5) Fees were being charged at different rates for customers. 6) Interest was being charged to customers at different rates.Based upon the above points, deception appears to be a common factor. It is due to this that Mr Seymour, in his position in the bank, was held liable in the High Court and disqualified from the management of any company for nine years. Based upon the judgment of Macken J of the Supreme Court, however, \"the appellant was the wrong man in the wrong place at the"}, {"text": "wrong time for the position he was taking over\". This statement of the judge is further reinforced by the point made in relevant commentary of the Supreme Court decision; Mr Seymour had worked in the industry for 42 years and has never before had a complaint filed against him. Holding of the Supreme Court. The case proves significant for both directors and companies in Ireland. Macken J of the Supreme Court held that the 'ultimate responsibility' test was not satisfied by the Director of Corporate Enforcement. In her judgment, Macken J stated how there was limited literature examining 'ultimate responsibility'. Additionally, the learned judge denotes the limited applicability of the test in the Irish jurisdiction. Based upon both these findings, to find Mr Seymour guilty of the alleged offences, would appear to be increasingly difficult. Macken J highlights a \"grave failure\" in respect of Mr Seymour and the board's approach to their tax affairs. In acknowledging the actions of Mr Seymour and senior management, the learned judge also draws upon the fact that Mr Seymour had minimal experience in his role as director. Indeed, he did hold a significant amount of experience in the banking sector. In addition, he had"}, {"text": "been trusted by colleagues to fill the role as director within the bank. One overriding aspect of Macken's J decision however is the bank's ability of addressing the major problem pertaining to DIRT (Deposit Interest Retention Tax). DIRT is a tax paid on savings. While there were evident miscalculations and ambiguity surrounding false accounts, there was an obvious need for reform within the bank's structure and employment. Macken J acknowledged the steps the bank has taken since the findings of the inspection were made available. The Supreme Court held Mr Barry Seymour's actions in National Irish Bank Ltd. (NIB) were not sufficient to warrant disqualification under section of 160 of the Act and overturned the High Court decision. However, given the breaches of tax law and indeed the responsibilities expected of a director of a financial institution such as NIB, the Supreme Court concluded that Mr Seymour ought nevertheless to be subject to a restriction order for five years under section 150."}, {"text": "Sanusi bin Junid (11 July 1942 \u2013 9 March 2018) was a Malaysian politician. He was appointed Minister of National and Rural Development in 1981 at the age of 39 and as Minister of Agriculture in 1986. Sanusi was seventh Menteri Besar of Kedah from 1996 to 1999. Early life and education. Born in Yan, Kedah on 11 July 1942, Sanusi received his education at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar (MCKK). In 1969, he went on to study at the Institute of Bankers London, the City of London College and the Institute of Export London, and later obtained a Certificate in Foreign Trade and Foreign Exchange at the University of London. Banking career. Sanusi began his career as a trainee at Standard Chartered Bank, at Seremban in 1963. In 1971, he was appointed Senior Manager of Chartered Bank Lending, Kuala Lumpur. Tan Sri Sanusi became the Director of Bank Simpanan Nasional and Chairman of Insan Diranto Bhd. in 1975. Two years later, in 1977, he was appointed as Chairman of Tugu Insurance Sdn. Bhd. and Chairman of Obanto Management Consultancy Sdn. Bhd. In addition he was also the founder of the Shamelin Corporation. In 1978, Tan Sri Sanusi was appointed"}, {"text": "as a Member of the MARA University of Technology and subsequently in 1982, he became the Advisor of the College and Council of the University of Malaya. He was also appointed as Chairman of the National Day Committee and Member of the Malaysian Chamber of Commerce in 1983, and in February 2000, he became President of the International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM). Tan Sri Sanusi has also served as Vice President of ABIM and President of the Association of Youth Clubs of Malaysia (MAYC). Political career. Sanusi was involved in politics as a Seremban UMNO member when he started working in 1963. His rise in politics is fast and smooth. A year after joining UMNO, Sanusi was appointed as UMNO Youth Secretary of the Seremban Branch and later in 1966, he was appointed as UMNO Treasurer of the Eastern Seremban Division. Sanusi became the Head of UMNO Division of the Eastern Seremban Division and the UMNO Secretary of the Eastern Seremban Division in 1967. In 1974 at the age of 32, Sanusi took part in the election and was elected as MP of Jerai. He was appointed as Deputy Head of the Umno Division of the Wilderness Division in"}, {"text": "1975 and the Head of Information of the UMNO Kedah in 1978. The leadership talent he displayed made him trustworthy and was appointed to a number of key positions in the cabinet. From 1978 to 1980, he was appointed as Deputy Minister of Land and Regional Development and subsequently Deputy Minister of Home Affairs from 1980 to 1981. In 1981, Sanusi was appointed as Minister of National and Rural Development and held the office until 1986. In that year, he was also appointed as Chairman of the UMNO Information Committee of Malaysia, Chairman of the UMNO Information Bureau of Malaysia and Member of the Supreme Council of UMNO Malaysia. In the 1982 election, Sanusi was elected as MP of Jerlun-Langkawi and was later elected to the UMNO Supreme Council of Malaysia. Subsequently, he was appointed as UMNO Malaysia Secretary-General in 1984. In 1986, Tan Sri Sanusi became Minister of Agriculture and Head of Jerlun Division, Langkawi. He was elected as UMNO Malaysia Vice President in 1990. Sanusi became the seventh Menteri Besar of Kedah Darul Aman and held the office from 16 June 1996, until November 1999. He was elected Kuah District Assemblyman in 1995. In honor of his contributions"}, {"text": "and services, he has been awarded medals and honors, among them DSSM, SSSA, DGSM, Kedah Crown Prince (SMK), Dato' Setia from the Sultan of Kedah (DSDK), the Chief Justice of the Crown (PSM) and the King's Hon. Must (SSDK). Personal life. He was married to Puan Sri Nila Inangda Manyam Keumala and had eight children. In January 2003, Sanusi Junid's daughter, Ammanda Ruhul Hamidah, married Masrul Faisal at a reception held at the Putra World Trade Centre in Kuala Lumpur, attended by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad and his wife, Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali. Death. Sanusi died on 9 March 2018, at his residence in Zehn Apartment, Bukit Pantai, Kuala Lumpur. His funeral at Saidina Umar Al-Khattab Mosque in Bukit Damansara was attended by two former Malaysian prime ministers, Mahathir Mohamad and Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, and by Deputy Minister of Defense, Mohd Johari Baharum, Government Sociology Advisor Tan Sri Dr. Rais Yatim, BERSATU President Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin and Minister of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry, Ahmad Shabery Cheek. He was buried at Bukit Kiara Muslim Cemetery."}, {"text": "Things Change may refer to:"}, {"text": "The Smith-Larsen House, located at 280 E. Center St. in Centerville, Utah, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. The one-and-a-half-story brick house was initially built in the Victorian style around 1886. Around 1911, it was modified into a bungalow style with the addition of a front porch, a front dormer with a Palladian window, shingles on its upper story, and double-hung windows."}, {"text": "Nikolai Ivanovich Yudin (; 28 September 1898, Tula \u2013 after 1966) was a Soviet historian of religion. Biography. His father was a clerk, while his mother was a worker. Until 1914 he studied in elementary school, but did not graduate from it. He served as a \"boy\" in the commercial and industrial enterprises of Tula, then worked at the Arms Plant as a turner apprentice, and a clerk. From 1915 to 1917 he wandered in search of work in the Caucasus, Persia, and Turkey. He served as a nurse, a disinfector, and a digger. In 1917 he served in the army as a private in Galicia. In 1918, he was released from military service due to injury. From 1918 to 1921 he worked in various organs of the Cheka: 1918\u201319 - Commissioner for Special Affairs of the Saratov and Tula Governorate Cheka; 1919-20 - in a special department of the Cheka of the 2nd Special Army; 1920 - in a special department of the Cheka of the Western Front; 1921 - assistant to the head of the special department of the Tula Governorate Cheka. From 1922 to 1928 he served as a people's investigator in the courts in the Vladimir"}, {"text": "Governorate, Moscow Governorate, and Tula Governorate. In 1928 he entered the graduate school of the State Antireligious Museum with a degree in \"History of Religion, Orthodoxy and Sectarianism\" and devoted himself to anti-religious work. He was a lecturer-propagandist at the Leningrad Oblast Soviet of the League of Militant Atheists, and collaborated on magazines and newspapers: \u00abBezbozhnik\u00bb, \u00abPrizyv\u00bb (Vladimir), \u00abKommunar\u00bb (Tula), \u00abKrasnyy put'\u00bb (Yegoryevsk), \u00abTrudarmiya\u00bb (Voronezh) and others. He published his works also under the pseudonyms: I. Yudin (), N. Boytsov (), N. B. (). In December 1930 he participated in the First All-Union Conference of research institutions on anti-religious work, organized by the Central Soviet of the League of Militant Atheists in Moscow. In connection with the restructuring of the principles of work of the League of Militant Atheists, Yudin left graduate school and worked in the Oblast Soviet of the League of Militant Atheists, and during 1934 to 1937 he was a correspondent in the editorial office of the newspaper \u00abStalinets\u00bb of the Oktyabrskaya Railway. In 1937, after a change of leadership in the Oblast Soviet of the League of Militant Atheists, he returned to anti-religious work. On 10 May 1937, Yudin was enrolled in the State Public Library"}, {"text": "of the M. E. Saltykova-Shchedrin, the chief librarian of the First Department (Anti-religious philosophy). From 7 July to 1 September 1937, he was the acting head of the First Department. On 15 May 1938, he quit the library on a personal application. In March 1959, Yudin applied to the library for a document about working in the library for applying for a pension."}, {"text": "The Ernest McCarty Oliver House, in LaFayette, Alabama, United States, is a Victorian house built in 1895. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is a two-story brick house, primarily Victorian in style but influenced by several styles including Eastlake. It was built from brick derived from clay behind the house and baked in a kiln on site. It is located on LaFayette Street North (U.S. Route 431 / Alabama State Route 1) in LaFayette."}, {"text": "Li Pak-tam, also known as Li Botan, is a Chinese businessman and socialite. He was one of the three primary backers of the American electric car startup Canoo which was spun off from Faraday Future. Family and personal life. He is married to Jia Qiang. This makes him the son-in-law of Jia Qinglin a top Chinese Communist Party official who was the fourth most powerful man in China before his retirement in 2013. Li has two daughters, a daughter named Zidan (Jasmine) Li, and another graduated from Harvard College in 2023. Both Li Pak-tam and Jasmine Li hold Hong Kong residence cards. Career. Li Pak-tam is the founder and former chairman of the board of Beijing Zhaode Investment Co and has also started a number of companies in Hong Kong. In 2016 Li was implicated in the Panama Papers leak. The documents revealed that he was the owner of a firm named Fung Shing Development Ltd., which had been set up in the British Virgin Islands, a tax haven. His daughter Jasmine was also named in the Panama Papers, her shell company Harvest Sun Trading Ltd. shared a director, Polly Pau Tsz-yim, with her father's BVI shell company. In 2015"}, {"text": "The New York Times reported that Li was using an employee named Pan Yongbin as a proxy to hold 32 million shares of Wanda Group, then valued at $200 million. In October 2019, Li's stake in Canoo was revealed by a lawsuit filed by Christina Krause, the wife of co-founder Stefan Krause. Along with Li, Krause and German industrialist David Stern were Canoo's primary backers. The company started in 2017 when Krause pitched Li and Stern on the idea in Hong Kong. After the meeting, the three reportedly entered into a gentleman's agreement to start the company. Li and Stern provided the startup capital."}, {"text": "Mia Tavonatti is an American artist and writer known for her large installation mosaics inspired by Renaissance imagery and contemporary sculptural abstracts. Tavonatti received first place at Art Prize in 2011 for her 9'w x 13'h stained glass mosaic \"Crucifixion\" and runner up in 2010 for her 7'h x 13'w mosaic \"Svelata.\" Tavonatti's work is personal and reflective of her own experiences, which she uses to serve as an inspiration for aspiring artists. Tavonatti attended California State University, where she earned her Master of Fine Arts in illustration. Tavonatti started off her career illustrating children's books, many of which she authored herself, though her work extends over several mediums. On top of her work with glass mosaics and illustrations, Tavonatti has worked extensively with large installation murals and sculptures. Major works and projects. Tavonatti began her mosaic work in 1999 with her first commission of a series of nine mosaics for Newport Elementary School. Tavonatti's early work features the double indirect method of mosaics which requires a greater precision than other approaches and requires mosaic tile to be fixed together before being attached to a base. After discovering the direct method, Tavonatti's work evolved allowing her to achieve greater detail"}, {"text": "as was the case for Tavonatti's 2011 \"Crucifixion\" which placed first at Art Prize with a reward of $250,000. Tavonatti channelled this award directly towards her Power of Words Project as a part of her Svelata Foundation. Tavonatti's Power of Words Project mission has been to unite communities through art and to expand the creative potential of humanity through the transformative power of art. The Power of Words Project aims to create networks of aspiring artists within communities and provide mentorship to young artists. Tavonatti has been a member of the Society of American Mosaic Artists since 2012. She attributes her artistic growth to her involvement with SAMA. Artistic career. \"Svelata\" Series. Tavonatti's 2010 \"Svelata\" series is made up of seventeen individual autobiographical works depicting the duality of life as seen, metaphorically, in the juxtaposition between water, representing spirit or the devine, and fabric representing the material life, veil, or illusion of life, in her compositions. Tavonatti uses herself as the subject in this series to explore universal concepts of duality through her own journey. Her surreal compositions depict her struggles and successes as she attempts to navigate and integrate her inner and outer lives through a ten-year period. The"}, {"text": "title \"Svelata\" is an Italian verb that translates as \"to be unveiled, or revealed.\" Tavonatti centers her work around the idea of \"unveiling\" with the \"Svelata\" series revealing Tavonatti's emotional, physical and deliriously journey through life. \"Crucifixion\". Tavonatti's \"Crucifixion,\" which won at Art Prize 2011 is one of her most recognized works. Tavonatti found inspiration for the work from her studies in Italy and she has attributed Renaissance mosaics as the influence behind her \"Crucifixion.\" The \"Crucifixion\" was originally commissioned as an altarpiece for St. Killian Catholic Church, but was entered into Art Prize after construction delays. The mural is currently on display at Cornerstone University and a second version now hangs at St. Killian Catholic Church. The Svelata Foundation. The Svelata Foundation was created following Tavonatti's exhibition of her \"Svelata\" series at the Museo Arsenale in 2008. The Svelata Foundation's most notable project has been The Power of Words Project which was created with the funds from Tavonatti's 2011 Grand Prize \"Crucifixion of Christ.\" The Power of Words Project comes with the mission of uniting established artists with aspiring artists through the creation of murals. These murals are centered around the communities in which they are displayed and they"}, {"text": "emphasize community involvement. The Power of Words Project also aims to expose the creative process of art-making to the public to encourage artistic expressions from artists and non-artists alike. The Power of Words Project initially started in California but has since traveled to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan with murals appearing in Iron Mountain, Manistique, Marquette, and Gladstone."}, {"text": "The Green Man was a public house on Blackheath Hill (now the A2), in Blackheath, London. It was an important stop for coach traffic owing to its position and was used as the headquarters of the Royal Blackheath Golf Club. It hosted \"free-and-easy\" music hall evenings in the 19th century and jazz and pop music in the 20th. It was a significant local landmark for over 300 years before its demolition in 1970. Origins. The pub had existed since at least 1629. It was reportedly named after Herne the Hunter who is believed to have had a group of worshippers in a cavern below the premises. It became an important stop for coach traffic owing to its position at the top of Blackheath Hill and on the edge of the heath. It was subsequently used as the headquarters of Royal Blackheath Golf Club. 19th century. The first recorded occasion of a toast to the \"Immortal Memory\" of Horatio Nelson was on Trafalgar Day (21 October), 1811 at the pub. During the 19th century, the pub took customers from the Chocolate House on Shooters Hill Road which had been a prominent local establishment during the eighteenth century. The Chocolate House subsequently"}, {"text": "closed. Madame Tussaud took her wax works show there on several occasions over three decades, the final one in late 1833 which was the last before finding a permanent home in London. The Inn was also used as a postal collection point. Between 1850 and 1902 it held \"free-and-easy\" music hall evenings. In 1854, the bowling green to the rear of the pub was developed into properties, which now makes up part of Dartmouth Terrace. In 1868, the inn was demolished and rebuilt in a grand Victorian style. It housed a large function room that was used as a meeting place for various groups. 20th century. During the early 1960s, the pub hosted the Jazzhouse Club, a popular jazz music venue run by Colin Richardson, who later managed the New Jazz Orchestra and Colosseum. Guests included Graham Bond, Tubby Hayes, Ronnie Scott, Manfred Mann, Ian Carr and Jon Hiseman. Paul Simon played an early solo concert at the club as a last-minute replacement for Judy Collins. A sixteen-year-old David Bowie (then billed as David Jones) was the saxophonist with the Konrads, his first professional band, which was booked to play at the pub in 1963. Lead singer Roger Ferris cut"}, {"text": "himself on broken glass in the changing room and had to be hospitalised, so Bowie took over as lead singer for this and subsequent gigs. In 1970, the pub was demolished and replaced by Allison Close, a block of flats. References. Citations Sources"}, {"text": "Segnitite is a lead iron(III) arsenate mineral. Segnitite was first found in the Broken Hill ore deposit in Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia. In 1991, segnitite was approved as a new mineral. Segnitite has since been found worldwide near similar locality types where rocks are rich in zinc and lead especially. it was named for Australian mineralogist, gemologist and petrologist Edgar Ralph Segnit. The mineral was named after E. R. Segnit due to his contributions to Australian mineralogy. Segnitite is not a primary ore mineral, but is found amongst other well known ore minerals such as galena, sphalerite, pyrite and more. Many minerals found with segnitite are important for industrial purposes. Minerals associated with segnitite make up metal alloys, batteries and even pigments. Carminite and beudanite are closely related to segnitite. In fact, forms of beudanite are commonly confused with segnitite, as the sulfate and arsenate anions are readily exchangeable with each other. Other mineral relations include, goethite, coronadite, agardite, bayldonite, and mimetite. Set parameters for the space group and chemical composition have yet to be confirmed. Segnitite has loose boundaries and conclusions about segnitite were derived from associated minerals. Chemically, there are many varieties of segnitite which affects"}, {"text": "space group measurements and chemical analysis interpretations. In other words, segnitite samples from around the world can be very different from one another making it difficult to provide accurate chemical measurements. Chemical composition. The mineral segnitite is a part of the alunite-jarosite family which is a part of the alunite supergroup, which has a general formula of . Minerals in the alunite-jarosite family have the general formula . More specifically, Segnitite is a part of the low-S lusungite group of alunite-jarosite minerals. The lusungite group falls on the lower third of the ternary diagram, with the jarosite group on top, having the highest content of sulfur. The beudantite-corkite group lies in the middle third on the ternary diagram, possessing intermediate amounts of sulfur. The lusungite group then has the lowest amount of sulfur, and has end members segnitite and lusungite, which then have varying amounts of arsenic to phosphorus; segnitite is the arsenic rich end member of the lusugnite group. Through electron microprobe analysis on the basis of 14 oxygen atoms, the empirical formula of segnitite was found to be . Four alternative and simplified versions include: (1) , (2) , (3) , (4) , although the preferred formula is"}, {"text": ", which is most consistent with the space group (Rm) for Segnitite. Crystal structure and habit. Segnitite belongs to the trigonal crystal system, which is also a subcategory of the hexagonal crystal system. Segnitite occurs most commonly as rhombohedral crystals that can grow to around 5mm in height and as pseudo-octahedral crystals that typically measure about 1mm across. The habit of these segnitite clusters is often found to be hemispherical in shape. Rhombohedron {112} and Pinacoid {001} are the two most common forms of segnitite. Occurrence. Segnitite was first discovered in Broken Hill ore deposit in Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia. It was first found in the oxidized zone of lead and zinc sulfide ores bodies of the Broken Hill ore deposit and forms in similar settings around the world. Segnitite is a relatively uncommon mineral, and it not found in very large quantities, but is found worldwide in similar areas. Segnitite has since been found in many localities in Western Europe, specifically in sites near Switzerland, Germany and Austria. Segnitite is commonly found alongside many well known minerals including anglesite, galena, jamesonite, linarite, arsenopyrite, cerussite, covellite, cuprite, sphalerite, sulfur, beudantite, cassiterite, pyrite, smithsonite, carminite and plumbojarosite. Many of"}, {"text": "these minerals are important ore minerals. Segnitite poses some importance when considering the overall composition of surrounding rock. Crystallography. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD), which is either conducted through powder diffraction, or through single-crystal X-ray analysis, segnitite was found to belong to the hexagonal crystal system of minerals. Using angles 2\u03b8< 66 degrees, cell parameters were estimated along with chemical composition. Before segnitite was identified as a mineral, it was commonly mistaken for beudantite. There are close similarities in diffraction data when comparing low sulfate beundantite from the beudantite-corkite group, and segnitite of the lusungnite group. Beundantite, segnitite and plumbojarosite form solid solutions with each other; conditions that form these minerals are similar. The space group \"R\"m was determined for segnitite as the best fit based on the space group of beudantite, R3m as there is no well observed crystal structure. The difference between segnitite and beundantite is the replacement of the sulfate anion in beundantite with an arsenate anion to form segnitite. Optical properties. Segnitite exhibits weak pleochroism from a pale yellow to a more moderate yellow under different angles of plane polarized light, although the effects can be much more dramatic under polarized light. Dichroism and trichroism are both"}, {"text": "types of pleochroism. The term dichroism is used to describe optical properties of minerals that are uniaxial, including segnitite. Minerals that exhibit dichroism are generally trigonal, hexagonal and tetragonal. A response from UV light was not observed from segnitite."}, {"text": "Linor is a female given name. Notable people with the name include:"}, {"text": "Juan Andr\u00e9s P\u00e9rez (born 26 August 1975, in Buenos Aires) is a former Uruguayan rugby union player. He played as a hooker. He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, but decided to represent Uruguay. He played for Old Boys in the Campeonato Uruguayo de Rugby. He had 32 caps for Uruguay, from 2001 to 2007, scoring 2 tries, 10 points on aggregate. He had his first cap at the 16-14 loss to Spain, at 1 September 2001, in Montevideo, in a tour. He was called for the 2003 Rugby World Cup, playing in all the four games, without scoring. He had his last cap at the 18-12 win over Portugal, at 24 March 2007, in Montevideo, for the 2007 Rugby World Cup qualification repechage."}, {"text": "Eug\u00e9nie Beeckmans (also Eug\u00e9nie-Jeanne Beeckmans) was a trade unionist and women's rights advocate. In 1913, she was appointed to the \"Conseil sup\u00e9rieur de l'enseignement technique\" (Higher Council of Technical Education) for the French Republic. She was one of the delegates to the Inter-Allied Women's Conference, a parallel congress to the 1919 Paris Peace Conference and participated in the 18 March presentation to the Labour Commission of the Peace Conference regarding working conditions faced by women labourers. She served as the inaugural president of the \"F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des Syndicats professionnels du V\u00eatement\" (Federation of Professional Garment Trade Unions) of the \"Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration Fran\u00e7aise des Travailleurs Chr\u00e9tiens\" (CFTC) from its founding in 1921 until 1937. In 1921, she represented the \"Syndicat de l\u2019Abbaye\" (Abbey Union) at the Second CFTC Congress. She was elected as a member of the Confederal Bureau of the General Confederation of Labour in 1921 and re-elected in 1925, and from 1922 to 1924 served on their national council. In 1923, together with Maria Bardot, she successfully negotiated the first collective labour agreement for female garment workers, providing a basis for better wages and for expanding union membership. In the period between the two world wars, as an influential member of"}, {"text": "the CFTC, she is considered to be among the most striking representatives of women's Christian militarism in France. In 1932, she was awarded the Ministry of Labour's gold medal of honour for her work as a trade unionist. She was also honoured by the Holy See with the Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice in 1937. References. Bibliography."}, {"text": "Manna Aviation is an Australian aircraft manufacturer based in Toronto, New South Wales, founded by Phil Hale. The company specializes in provision of parts and plans for amateur construction. The company focuses on plans for wooden aircraft, with the aim of preserving older aircraft designs. History. Manna Aviation was established in February 2012, initially as service intended to match available hangar space with aircraft owners seeking hangars. That business proved to be not profitable and the company expanded into aircraft parts, specifically for the Oceania market, including Australia. The first product sold was an oxy-acetylene welding torch intended for use in welding 4130 steel tubing. This led to the founding of a new company, Cobra Torches Australia. The company next became a dealer for Flybox Avionics of Italy in Australia and New Zealand, selling electronic flight instrument systems, engine-indicating and crew-alerting systems, instruments and an autopilot system. These lines were spun off to a new company, Cobra Aviation, leaving Manna Aviation to concentrate on the provision of aircraft plans and kits. Manna Aviation acquired the rights to many of Falconar Avia's designs after that company's founder, Chris Falconar died on 9 September 2018 and that company was wound-up on 30"}, {"text": "June 2019. Manna Aviation acquired the rights to the Falconar F9A, Falconar F10A, Falconar F11 Sporty, Falconar F12A Cruiser, Falconar Minihawk, Falconar SAL Mustang, Falconar AMF-14H Maranda and the Falconar AMF-S14 Super Maranda aircraft plans. The company intends to offers kits for the designs in time, as well as builder-assistance programs. The company also offers plans for Marcel Jurca's Jurca Sirocco and Druine Turbi designs. Aircraft. Summary of Manna Aviation aircraft:"}, {"text": "Alamzaib Khan Mahsud (; ; also spelled Alamzeb Mehsud; born 1992) is a Pakistani human rights activist from South Waziristan,ladha .cost shamankhal his father name is Bob ruk khan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. He is one of the founding members of the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement (PTM, formerly known as the Mahsud Tahafuz Movement), and is instrumental in gathering data on missing persons and landmine victims in the merged tribal districts (former Federally Administered Tribal Areas). Personal life and education. Alamzaib graduated in chemistry, and completed his master's degree in political science. His maternal grandfather was a member of the Pakistan Army Special Service Group. Political activism. During his graduation studies, Alamzaib became a political activist. Formerly serving as the president of the Waziristan Chapter of Insaf Student Federation, he became one of the founders of the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement (formerly known as the \"Mahsud Tahafuz Movement\" after the Mahsud tribe). Regarding why the movement was started, he said: \"We have grown up watching all of this violence happen around us. In the end, we thought that someone should raise their voice, someone should ask the harsh questions. And we saw that there was no one. Not our political leadership, not our tribal"}, {"text": "leaders, no one is willing to ask these questions.\" During a protest camp of landmine victims in Tank, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Alamzaib said: \"In my area, these landmine explosives are scattered all over the place. I have taken pictures myself of unexploded artillery shells.\" According to him, he approached the Pakistani military three times to clear the shells from his village but was rejected each time. \"Three months later, soldiers did arrive, but they were not there to remove the mines. Instead, they threatened my family and warned me to stop complaining about the dangers of living in our village on social media. So for three months they weren't able to send a unit, but then [on my Facebook post] they took such rapid action,\" he added. On 26 January 2018, Alamzaib, Manzoor Pashteen, and 20 other activists started the Pashtun Long March from Dera Ismail Khan. As the protest march reached Islamabad, a sit-in called \"All Pashtun National Jirga\" was organized from 1 to 10 February 2018. The jirga condemned the murder of the Pashtun shopkeeper and aspiring model, Naqeebullah Mehsud, who was murdered in Karachi during a fake encounter by the police, and asked the government to set up"}, {"text": "a judicial inquiry for Naqeebullah Mehsud as well as all the other Pashtuns murdered extrajudicially in police encounters. Detention in Karachi. On 20 January 2019, Alamzaib was an organizer of a PTM public gathering in Karachi, which was held to celebrate the first anniversary of the movement. After the demonstration, the police lodged a First Information Report against Alamzaib and 15 other PTM activists, accusing them of using \"undesirable language against state institutions\" and charging them under anti-terrorism and public order laws. On 21 January, Alamzaib was disembarked and taken away from his car on a busy road in the city by an armed police team, which included a man in plainclothes brandishing pistol at him. Amnesty International, a human rights organization, showed concern about his disappearance and tweeted: \"His whereabouts must be disclosed immediately. Either produce him in court or release him without delay.\" They added: \"Other PTM activists with him were allegedly beaten up. Freedom of peaceful assembly must be protected. Activists must never be attacked.\" Alamzaib was presented in court on 22 January in handcuffs, with his face hooded. His arrest caused a social media outcry and protest demonstrations were held for him in several cities, including"}, {"text": "Karachi, Peshawar, Mardan, Swabi, Islamabad, and Quetta. After about eight months in prison, he was granted bail against a surety bond of Rs500,000 by the Supreme Court of Pakistan on 16 September 2019, a few days after which he was released. Book ban in Pakistan. In November 2020, Alamzaib's book \"I Am Not The Accused, I Am The Complainant\" was banned by Pakistani authorities. The book detailed his detention at Karachi and his role in the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement (PTM), documenting his experiences and the injustices faced by Pashtuns. Alamzaib condemned the ban as a violation of freedom of expression guaranteed by the Pakistani Constitution. He stated, \"If they do not take this ban back, then I will take it to court. This ban is a continuation of the atrocities we endure.\u201d The book, published in both Pashto and Urdu, included accounts of his time in prison, his investigation into forced disappearances, and his activism with landmine victims."}, {"text": "Ember Falls was a Finnish heavy metal band based in Tampere. Ember Falls was formed in 2015 after the breakup of the band \"Mekanism\", which was founded in 2010. The band released the first single \"Shut Down with Me\" in the same year. Ember Falls signed a worldwide record deal with Spinefarm Records. Their first album \"Welcome to Ember Falls\" was released in February 2017. On 17 May 2023 the Band announced on its Instagram that they will dissolve after releasing their final song, \"Avalon\", on 19 May. The band's music is influenced by melodic metal as well as pop and electronic music."}, {"text": "Mary E. Lidstrom is a professor of microbiology at the University of Washington. She also holds the Frank Jungers Chair of Engineering, in the Department of Chemical Engineering. She currently is a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology, a member of the National Academy of Sciences and serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Bacteriology and FEMS Microbial Ecology. Education. Lidstrom received a B.S. degree in microbiology from Oregon State University and an M.S. and PhD in Bacteriology from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Research career. Lidstrom's work spans microbial physiology and natural complex microbial communities and has applications to biotechnology. Specifically, she has worked extensively on methylotroph bacteria that grow on one-carbon compounds. After conducting her doctorate research on C-1 metabolism in \"Methylobacterium organophilum\", Lidstrom undertook post-doctoral research at University of Sheffield UK with J. Rodney Quayle on species of the methylotrophic yeasts \"Hansenula\" and \"Candida\", and then returned to the US with faculty posts at the University of Washington, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and the California Institute of Technology where she has taught courses on microbiology, oceanography, environmental engineering science, chemical engineering and bioengineering. While at Caltech she served as vice-chair of the Faculty. In 1996 she"}, {"text": "moved to University of Washington and has remained there. Lidstrom is a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology and a member of the National Academy of Sciences from 2013. Lidstrom was the Vice Provost of Research at the University of Washington from 2005 until 2021. In addition, she served as Associate Dean for New Initiatives in Engineering from 1997 to 2005 and Interim Provost from 2010 to 2011. Publications. Lidstrom is the author or co-author of over 300 scientific publications. These include:"}, {"text": "Brian Honan (April 2, 1963 \u2013 July 30, 2002) was a Democratic Party member of the Boston City Council. He was elected from the 9th district, representing the neighborhoods of Allston and Brighton. Personal life. He graduated from St. Columbkille High School, Boston College and the New England School of Law. Honan died four days after surgery at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. The surgery was to remove a cancerous tumor in his bile duct. At the time of his death, he was running to become the District Attorney in Suffolk County, Massachusetts. His brother, State Representative Kevin Honan, delivered the eulogy. Legacy. The Brian J. Honan Charitable Fund sponsors an annual 5K road race. The Allston branch of the Boston Public Library is named after him. The Allston Brighton Community Development Corporation sponsored Brian J. Honan Apartments are also named after him."}, {"text": "Purificacion \"Puri\" Abarro Pedro (September 22, 1948 \u2013 January 23, 1977) was a Filipino social worker and Catholic layman who was killed by soldiers under the dictatorship of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos at the Bataan Provincial Hospital in 1977. Parish work. Pedro graduated with a degree in Social Work from the University of the Philippines, after which she 1969 national board examination for social workers, becoming the #10 topnotcher of all the board exam takers that year. She first worked for the National Rehabilitation Training Center, which provided services for the physical handicapped. In 1970, though, she began her work at the Immaculate Conception Parish in Cubao, Quezon City, where her tasks included helping run the parish's day nursery and sewing group for urban poor women, while also handling the educational program of two cooperatives. She led summer camps and leadership seminars for the urban poor and the out-of-school youth served by the Parish. She also did work for the Lady of Fatima Parish in Mandaluyong, Rizal, contributing to that parish's Christian community-building and leaders\u2019 formation programs. Community volunteer work. Aside from her work with the parishes in Cubao and Mandaluyong, Puri Pedro also began volunteer community work, beginning with"}, {"text": "the Luzon floods of 1972, during which she helped bring medicine and relief goods to many affected areas around Quezon City. In 1975, she resigned from her Parish job, convinced that she had to do what she could to help the various Indigenous People communities which resisted the Chico River Dam Project. Murder. Towards the end of 1976, Puri Pedro was accepted to join the staff of the Catholic church\u2019s Luzon Secretariat for Social Action (LUSSA), and was about to start in that post in January 1977 when she decided to visit friends in Bataan who had joined the armed resistance against the Marcos Dictatorship. Her visit happened to coincide with a military assault on the camp where her friends were based, and Pedro was injured in the operation, taking a bullet wound in her shoulder. She was brought to the Bataan Provincial Hospital, where she was beginning to recover. On her sixth day in the hospital, Marcos administration soldiers led by Col. Rolando Abadilla forced their way into Puri Perdo's hospital room, saying they wanted to interrogate her, and ordering Puri's sister, who had been watching over her, to leave the room. They left Puri's hospital room after an"}, {"text": "hour, and when Puri's companions came back into her hospital room, they found her dead, with a medal of the Virgin Mary in her hand. Puri Pedro had been strangled by a piece of wire in the hospital room's lavatory. Legacy. For her martyrdom, and for her parish and volunteer work, including her time with the Kalinga and Bontoc peoples who resisted the Chico River Dam Project, she was honored by having her name inscribed on the wall of remembrance at the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani (monument of heroes). She is also honored as one of the five \"woman martyrs\" of the University of the Philippines Diliman, and she is listed among Filipino Catholics nominated to be named Servant of God."}, {"text": "Alexander Georgievich Dulerayn (; born August 21, 1966, Grozny) is an independent russian producer, director and script writer. He also was the general producer of TNT TV (2009\u20142021), Chief Content Officer of Storyworld Entertainment (2017\u20142021). Biography. Alexander Dulerayn was born on August 21, 1966, in Grozny, USSR. Professional career. Since 1991, as a producer, script writer and director, he has shot a number independent short-length films. Alexander Dulerayn was a co-creators of 'CINE PHANTOM CLUB'. Since 2002, he has been the Deputy General Director, Marketing Director at the TNT TV channel. Between 2008 and 2016, Dulerayn produced and created promotional campaigns for full-length films, such as 'The Best Movie' (box office gross of RUB 400 mln over the first weekend, at the time a record-high figure for Russian film distribution), 'Our Russia. The Balls of Fate' (over RUB 375 mln) and 'The Groom' (RUB 194 mln over the first weekend). Between 2009 and 2021 Alexander Dulerayn was the general producer of the TNT. In 2017, the TNT audience exceeded 124 mln people. The channel was an absolute leader for the 14-44 audience for 6 years in a row and the leader for the 18-30 young audience for 7 years. In"}, {"text": "2016-2017, TNT owned 7 out of the 10 series topping search queries on the Russian Internet. Between 2017 and 2021 Dulerayn was the Chief Content Officer of the Storyworld Entertainment. Family and personal life. Alexander and his wife live in London with their son and daughter."}, {"text": "Dame Joan Evelyn Clara \"Joanna\" Henderson, Mrs Kelleher DBE (24 December 1915 \u2013 23 September 2018) was a British Army officer who was the highest-ranking officer in the Women's Royal Army Corps (WRAC) from 1964 to 1967. She was preceded by Brigadier Dame Jean Rivett-Drake (1961\u20131964) and succeeded by Brigadier Dame Mary Anderson (1967\u20131970). Holding the rank of Brigadier, she retired from the WRAC on 22 September 1967. Biography. Henderson, always known as \"Joanna\", was born in London to Scottish parents. Her father, Kenneth Henderson, was a barrister originally from Stonehaven. She was educated privately in Surrey and Switzerland. Upon the outbreak of WWII, she began voluntary hospital work. Two years later, in 1941, she did her training with the WRAC in Inverness and was commissioned into the Auxiliary Territorial Service as a lance corporal four months later. She was appointed an Honorary Aide de Camp to Queen Elizabeth II on 15 September 1964 and became a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the Queen's birthday honours of 1965. She met Brigadier Mortimer Kelleher MC, a medical officer. They corresponded for many years before marrying in 1970."}, {"text": "Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd may refer to several places in Vietnam, including:"}, {"text": "Graziella Sonnino Carpi (born 11 November 1884; also known as Graziell Sonnino) was an Italian feminist and peace activist in the interwar period. She was a member of the Italian Unione Femminile Nazionale (eng. National Women's Union) and a delegate to the 1919 Women's Conference. Activism. Inter-Allied Women's Conference 1919. In 1919, Sonnino was an Italian delegate to the Inter-Allied Women's Conference in Paris. Women representatives of women's suffrage organizations sought to introduce women's issues and to the peace discussions at end of the First World War. The Women's Conference was a parallel conference to the Paris Peace Conference. There was an international rise in anti-war feeling in Europe in 1919 and a widespread demand for the vote for women. National women's union (anti fascist) work in Italy 1919-1938. Sonnino served in the Women's Union (UNF) together with Nina Sullam Rignano and Ada Treves Segre. They worked on creating a school for retraining women who had been dismissed from the factories where they had replaced men during the First World War. The men had now returned from the front and the women lost the factory work. The Women's Union had the aim of improving conditions for women by protection in"}, {"text": "the workplace for women workers, the right to divorce, the right to vote, the right to search for paternity of children. The feminist movement was set back in 1922 when Benito Mussolini came to power. Mussolini said that women's primary role to be mothers while men were warriors. To increase birthrates, the Italian Fascist government gave financial incentives to women who raised large families and reduced the number of women employed. However, Mussolini's policies created many women's organizations, and this encouraged women to participate in politics and civic life. Later life. In July 1938, Sonnino left the Unione femminile for family reasons. By the following December, the Unione had replaced all its Jewish members with Aryans. Records indicate that, as a Jew, she moved from Italy to Switzerland until the end of the war. Sonnino, in an account of an interview in 1956, related how the Jews had suffered under the Fascists, indicating that she had returned to Milan from Switzerland after the end of World War II."}, {"text": "The Hawai\u02bbi Uncharted Research Collective (HURC) is a nonprofit marine ecology organization focused on whale shark research around the Hawaiian Islands. Director Maria Harvey, Chief Technical Scientist Travis Marcoux, and Chief Research Scientist Stacia Goecke have been working to \"help increase knowledge of and awareness about whale sharks and produce scientific evidence that can inform conservation efforts\". HURC partners with other conservation and research organizations to collect and analyze whale shark data. One such organization is Whale Shark Mexico, founded by Den\u00ed Ram\u00edrez Mac\u00edas, who was also instrumental in encouraging the formation of HURC."}, {"text": "During the 2019 campaign V\u00e5lerenga will have competed in the following competitions: Eliteserien, Norwegian Football Cup. Transfers. Winter. In: Out: Summer. In: Out:"}, {"text": "Elizabeth Stirredge (1634\u20131706) was a Christian author. She was the author of \"Strength in weakness manifest in the life, trials and Christian testimony of that faithful servant and handmaid of the Lord\". Stirredge was a Quaker. She died in Hempsted, aged 72."}, {"text": "\"For people with the surname, see Bolea (surname).\" Bolea is a village in the La Sotonera municipality, situated in the province of Huesca in Aragon, Spain. It is located in the Hoya de Huesca area, between the city of Huesca and the town of Ayerbe and close to the river Sot\u00f3n. History. With 470 inhabitants in 2018, Bolea is the largest settlement in La Sotonera. It is known for its Collegiate Church which was declared a National Monument of Historic and Artistic Value in February 1983"}, {"text": "Jafar Salmani (; born 12 January 1997) is an Iranian professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Persian Gulf Pro League club Malavan. Club career. Sanat Naft. He made his debut for Sanat Naft Abadan in 25th fixtures of 2017\u201318 Iran Pro League against Siah Jamegan. Portimonense. On 20 December 2020, Salmani signed a 2.5-year contract with Portuguese club Portimonense, where he was reunited with Paulo S\u00e9rgio, his former coach at Sanat Naft. International career. He made his debut on 30 March 2021 against Syria. \"Statistics accurate as of match played 2 September 2021.\""}, {"text": "Mary Petherbridge (1870\u20131940) was an English indexer and writer and a key figure in the development of freelance indexing as a career for women. She was the founder of the Secretarial Bureau in London and the author of the book \"The Technique of Indexing\", published in 1904. She was Official Indexer to H.M. Government from 1918 until her death in 1940. Life. Mary Petherbridge was born in London in 1870. She was educated at the North London Collegiate School. She graduated from the Natural Sciences Tripos at Newnham College, University of Cambridge, in 1893. She first worked as a librarian in the People's Palace, London, and then studied librarianship in America for a year. She set up the Secretarial Bureau in London in 1895, initially in The Strand, later in Conduit Street, which provided indexer, secretary and translator services, and training in indexing and secretarial work for women. One of her pupils was Theodora Bosanquet, later secretary to Henry James who had approached the Bureau for a suitable candidate. Petherbridge was indexer of the East India Company's records and the India Office, the Drapers' Company's records, and \"The Ladies' Field\" periodical, among other work. The India Office index entries by"}, {"text": "Petherbridge and her small staff of women comprise 430,000 entries in 72 volumes, nearly a third of the total entries in the Records catalogue. She closed down the Secretarial Bureau soon after completing the indexing of the India correspondence in 1929. She continued as Official Indexer to H.M. Government from 1918 until her death in 1940. Petherbridge published the booklet \"The Technique of Indexing\" in 1904, which purported to be an 'elementary text-book and practical guide to indexing'. In September 1923, her article 'Indexing As A Profession for \"Women\"' appeared in \"Good Housekeeping\" magazine. This article is reproduced in the 'Index makers' profile of her in \"The Indexer\" journal. She is also one of the indexer profiles featured in Hazel K. Bell's book \"From Flock Beds to Professionalism: A History of Index-Makers\" (2008). Petherbridge was a pioneer in promoting freelance indexing as an occupation and in training women to do it. Along with Nancy Bailey, she played a key role in the development of indexing as a serious profession choice, as continued now by the Society of Indexers and other indexing societies around the world. Publications. Publications written by Mary Petherbridge include:"}, {"text": "Tidiane Aw (born 1935 \u2013 30 May 2009) was a Senegalese film actor, screenwriter, director and producer. He participated in a range of films, both fiction and documentary as well as short and full feature. Biography. Born in K\u00e9b\u00e9mer in Louga Region, Senegal, Aw studied at the Institute of Cinematography in Hamburg, Germany, he completed his cinematic training in Paris at the Office for Radio Cooperation (OCORA). Among the precursors of Senegalese television, in the time of Mamadou Dia, who was president of the Senegalese Government Council from 1957 to 1962, Aw worked for primarily for educational television of the state owned channels until 1972. Aw's first production was a 35-minute educational documentary titled, which explores the customs of the Lebou people and was released in 1968. Aw served as director, screenwriter, producer, and actor for the film \"Le Bracelet de bronze\" (the bronze bracelet). It was also his first colored film."}, {"text": "is a Japanese former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks from 2018 to 2023. Career. Shiino played for the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks of Nippon Professional Baseball from 2018 to 2023. Professional career. On October 26, 2017, Shiino was drafted by the Fukuoka Softbank Hawks in the 2017 Nippon Professional Baseball draft. On May 27, 2018, Shiino pitched his debut game against the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles as a relief pitcher. His regular season pitch was only that one game, but he pitched against the Saitama Seibu Lions in the 2018 Pacific League Climax Series in the Postseason. And he was selected as the Japan Series roster in the 2018 Japan Series. On June 5, 2019, Shiino won the game as a relief pitcher for the first time. In 2019 season, he finished the regular season with a 36 Games pitched, a 5\u20132 Win\u2013loss record, a 3.13 ERA, a 6 Holds, a 49 strikeouts in 46 innings. And he was selected as the Japan Series roster in the 2019 Japan Series. In 2020 season, Shiino finished the regular season with a 12 Games pitched, a 1\u20131 Win\u2013loss record, a 5.73 ERA, a"}, {"text": "one Hold, a 13 strikeouts in 11 innings. In the 2020 Japan Series against the Yomiuri Giants, He pitched for the first time in the Japan Series in Game 2 and contributed to the team's fourth consecutive Japan Series championship with no runs in bottom of 9th inning. In 2021 seasons, He never had a chance to pitch in the Pacific League. On June 7, 2022, Shiino pitched in the First League for the first time in two seasons. In 2022 seasons, he finished the regular season with 18 Games pitched, a 0\u20130 Win\u2013loss record, a 4.01 ERA, a one holds and a 14 strikeouts in 34 innings. In 2023 season, Shiino recorded with a 11 Games pitched, a 0\u20131 Win\u2013loss record, a 3.86 ERA, and a 17 strikeouts in 16.1 innings. On October 22, the Hawks announced release him. On November 30, 2023, Shiino announced that he would retire as an active player. He is also scheduled to be on the team's staff starting next season."}, {"text": "Lin Chien-ju (born 12 September 1977) is a swimmer who represented Chinese Taipei at the 1996 Summer Olympic Games. Olympics. Lin finished 38th in the women's 50m freestyle out of 55 competitors. She took part in the women's 4 \u00d7 100 metre freestyle relay finishing 18th and placed 24th in the women's 4 \u00d7 100 metre medley relay."}, {"text": "Louisiana's 21st State Senate district is one of 39 districts in the Louisiana State Senate. It has been represented by Republican Bret Allain since 2012. Geography. District 21 covers all of St. Mary Parish and parts of Iberia, Lafourche, and Terrebonne Parishes along the Gulf of Mexico in Acadiana, including some or all of Thibodaux, Houma, Morgan City, Berwick, Patterson, Franklin, Baldwin, Bayou Vista, and Jeanerette. The district overlaps with Louisiana's 1st, 3rd, and 6th congressional districts, and with the 46th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, and 55th districts of the Louisiana House of Representatives. Recent election results. Louisiana uses a jungle primary system. If no candidate receives 50% in the first round of voting, when all candidates appear on the same ballot regardless of party, the top-two finishers advance to a runoff election."}, {"text": "Swynnerton is a civil parish in the Borough of Stafford, Staffordshire, England. It contains 62 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, six are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains villages including Swynnerton, Tittensor, Yarnfield, and Hanchurch, and the surrounding area. In the parish is the Trentham Estate, the area around the former Trentham Hall, most of which has been demolished. The remains of the hall, associated structures, and buildings in the garden and surrounding park are listed. Outside the estate, most of the listed buildings are houses and associated structures, cottages, farmhouses and farm buildings, the earlier of which are timber framed. The other listed buildings include churches and a chapel, items in churchyards, a country house and associated structures, buildings associated with a pumping station, bridges, and war memorials."}, {"text": "The Hafniaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria. This family is a member of the order Enterobacterales in the class Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. Genera in this family include the type genus \"Hafnia\", along with \"Edwardsiella\" and\" Obesumbacterium\". The name \"Hafniaceae\" is derived from the Latin term \"Hafnia\", referring the type genus of the family and the suffix \"-aceae\", an ending used to denote a family. Together, \"Hafniaceae\" refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus \"Hafnia\". Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Signatures. Members are catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, and negative for lysine decarboxylase. These bacteria are also able to grow on MacConkey media, and are capable of reducing nitrate. Four conserved signature indels (CSIs) were identified for this family in the proteins two-component system response regulator GIrR, glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase, transcriptional activator NhaR, and the hybrid sensor histidine kinase/response regulator. These molecular signatures were identified through genomic analyses and serves as a reliable molecular means to distinguish members of this family from other families within the order Enterobacterales and all other bacteria. Historical Systematics and Current Taxonomy. \"Hafniaceae\", as of 2021, contains three validly published genera. Members of this family were originally members of the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\", a large phylogenetically"}, {"text": "unrelated group of species with distinct biochemical characteristics and different ecological niches. The original assignment of species into the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\" was largely based on 16S rRNA genome sequence analyses, which is known to have low discriminatory power and the results of which changes depends on the algorithm and organism information used. Despite this, the analyses still exhibited polyphyletic branching, indicating the presence of distinct subgroups within the family. In 2016, Adeolu et al. proposed the division of \"Enterobacteriaceae\" into 7 novel families based on comparative genomic analyses and the branching pattern of various phylogenetic trees constructed from conserved genome sequences, 16S rRNA sequences and multilocus sequence analyses. Molecular markers, specifically conserved signature indels, specific to this family were also identified as evidence supporting the division independent of phylogenetic trees."}, {"text": "Brigadier Dame Mary Mackenzie Anderson DBE (3 February 1916 \u2013 18 June 2006) was a British Army officer. Having served in the Auxiliary Territorial Service during the Second World War, she then rose through the ranks of the Women's Royal Army Corps (WRAC) and served as director of WRAC from 1967 to 1970. Early life. Anderson was the younger child and only daughter of Sir John Anderson, later the 1st Viscount Waverley, who was Home Secretary and Minister for Home Security at the outbreak of WWII, and his wife, Christina ( Mackenzie). She was educated at Sutton High School and the Villa Brillantmont in Lausanne. Military service. She served with the Women's Auxiliary Territorial Service, the forerunner of the Women's Royal Army Corps during World War II. She joined the ATS in 1941 and was commissioned the following year. By 1946, she was ATS Group Commander Highland District based in Perth and, discovering she enjoyed service life, decided to make it her career. On leaving Perth in 1946, she undertook her first speciality work within the WRAC as assistant provost marshal (WRAC) responsible for WRAC disciplinary matters for the British Army of the Rhine and in the UK. She was"}, {"text": "promoted to colonel in 1963, and then served as commandant of the WRAC (Training) Centre from 1964 to 1967. In 1967, she was promoted to brigadier and appointed director of the Women's Royal Army Corps. Upon her retirement she was appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1970 New Year Honours. Marriage. She married Frithj\u00f8f Pihl, a member of the Norwegian Resistance, on 8 July 1973. He died in 1988."}, {"text": "The Morganellaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria that include some important human pathogens formerly classified as Enterobacteriaceae. This family is a member of the order Enterobacterales in the class Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. Genera in this family include the type genus \"Morganella\", along with \"Arsenophonus, Cosenzaea, Moellerella, Photorhabdus, Proteus, Providencia\" and \"Xenorhabdus\". The name \"Morganellaceae\" is derived from the Latin term \"Morganella\", referring the type genus of the family and the suffix \"-aceae\", an ending used to denote a family. Together, \"Morganellaceae\" refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus \"Morganella\". Human pathogens. A number of Morganellaceae bacterial species are opportunistic human pathogens, including \"Proteus\", \"Providencia\", and occasionally \"Morganella\" in nosocomial settings. \"Proteus\". Three \"Proteus\" species \"P. vulgaris\", \"P. mirabilis\", and \"P. penneri\" are opportunistic human pathogens, most commonly resulting in urinary tract infections. \"Proteus vulgaris\" is commonly found in the intestine in various animals, and is shed into manure and soil. About 10\u201315% of kidney stones are struvite stones, caused by alkalinization of the urine by the action of the urease enzyme of \"Proteus\" (and other) bacterial species. \"Providencia\". \"Providencia rettgeri\" is a common cause of traveller's diarrhea. Insect pathogens and symbionts. A number of"}, {"text": "Morganellaceae have intimate relationships with insects and other invertebrates. \"Arsenophonus\". \"Arsenophonus\" are endosymbiotic bacteria of various insects. In Nasonia parasitic wasps, \"Arsenophonus nasoniae\" acts as a reproductive manipulator by killing developing male wasps. This promotes an increased frequency of females in the population, which are the only biological sex that transmits \"Arsenophonus\" to the next generation. This type of interaction is referred to as \"male-killing or son-killing.\" In flies and Lice, \"Arsenophonus\"-like bacteria act as primary symbionts faithfully transmitted from generation to generation. In such relationships, the primary endosymbiont commonly supplements the host's metabolism by providing essential vitamins and nutrients that the host cannot synthesize itself. \"Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus\". \"Photorhabdus\" and \"Xenorhabdus\" are bacterial associates of entomopathogenic nematodes. These nematodes infect insects and regurgitate their \"Photorhabdus\" or \"Xenorhabdus\" bacteria into the insect blood (also called hemolymph). The bacteria then suppress the insect's immune response, increasing the success of the nematode parasite. As a result of this highly effective evolutionary strategy, entomopathogenic nematodes are commonly used as biological control agents against insect pests like corn rootworms. \"Providencia\". \"Providencia\" are common bacterial species in the microbiome of \"Drosophila\" fruit flies. In \"Drosophila melanogaster\", \"Providencia rettgeri\" is a common pathogen isolated from wild-caught"}, {"text": "flies. The fly immune system defends against this infection using a highly specific antimicrobial peptide that is required for defence against \"P. rettgeri\", but not other \"Providencia\" species. Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Signatures. Source: These bacteria are oxidase-negative, and negative for arginine decarboxylase and Voges\u2013Proskauer test. Seven conserved signature indels (CSIs) were identified for this family through genomic analyses in the proteins dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase, Xaa-Pro dipeptidase, bifunctional UDP-sugar hydrolase (5'-nucleotidase), transcriptional repair coupling factor, phosphate acetyltransferase, histidine\u2013tRNA ligase, and N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase. These molecular signatures provide a novel and reliable means of differentiating members of \"Morganellaceae\" from other families within the order \"Enterobacterales\" and all other bacteria. Historical Systematics and Current Taxonomy. \"Morganellaceae\", as of 2021, contains eight validly published genera. Members of this family were originally members of the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\", a large phylogenetically unrelated group of species with distinct biochemical characteristics and different ecological niches. The original assignment of species into the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\" was largely based on 16S rRNA genome sequence analyses, which is known to have low discriminatory power and the results of which changes depends on the algorithm and organism information used. Despite this, the analyses still exhibited polyphyletic branching, indicating the presence of distinct subgroups"}, {"text": "within the family. In 2016, Adeolu et al. proposed the division of \"Enterobacteriaceae\" into 7 novel families based on comparative genomic analyses and the branching pattern of various phylogenetic trees constructed from conserved genome sequences, 16S rRNA sequences and multilocus sequence analyses. Molecular markers, specifically conserved signature indels, specific to this family were also identified as evidence supporting the division independent of phylogenetic trees."}, {"text": "Saleh Hardani (; born 26 December 1998, aka Saadat Hardani) is an Iranian footballer who plays as a right-back for the Persian Gulf Pro League club Esteghlal and the Iran national team. He is younger brother of Saber Hardani. Club career. Foolad. He made his debut for Foolad in first fixtures of 2019\u201320 Iran Pro League against Sanat Naft Abadan. Esteghlal. He joined Esteghlal for 2019\u201320 Iran Pro League and scored an important goal against his previous club, Foolad, which made Esteghlal the champion of the season."}, {"text": "The Chad\u2013Niger border is 1,196 km (743 m) in length and runs from the tripoint with Libya in the north, to the tripoint with Nigeria in the south. Description. The border consists of a series of mostly straight lines. The northern section of the boundary begins near the Tibesti Mountains at the Libyan tripoint and proceeds roughly south-eastwards; the border here cuts across the Massif d'Afafi and the Erg of Bilma. The middle section of the boundary slants to the south-west slightly, with the southern section continuing in a much more pronounced south-westerly direction down to Lake Chad, whereupon a straight line veering to the south-east connects the border to the Nigerian tripoint. The majority of border lies within the Sahara Desert, with the more southerly sections lying within the Sahel. The border region is very sparsely populated, there being no towns or villages in its immediate vicinity. History. The border first emerged during the Scramble for Africa, a period of intense competition between European powers in the later 19th century for territory and influence in Africa. The process culminated in the Berlin Conference of 1884, in which the European nations concerned agreed upon their respective territorial claims and the"}, {"text": "rules of engagements going forward. As a result of this France gained control of the upper valley of the Niger River (roughly equivalent to the areas of modern Mali and Niger), and also the lands explored by Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza for France in Central Africa (roughly equivalent to modern Gabon and Congo-Brazzaville). From these bases the French explored further into the interior, eventually linking the two areas following expeditions in April 1900 which met at Kouss\u00e9ri in the far north of modern Cameroon. These newly conquered regions were initially ruled as military territories, with the two areas later organised into the federal colonies of French West Africa (\"Afrique occidentale fran\u00e7aise\", abbreviated AOF) and French Equatorial Africa (\"Afrique \u00e9quatoriale fran\u00e7aise\", AEF), the border between the two entities being the modern Chad-Niger boundary. The precise alignment of the boundary was determined later: the southern section was demarcated up to the 16th parallel north in February 1912 following a convention signed by the Commanding Officers of the Chad and Niger military territories, which was further modified following an on-the-ground assessment in 1939. On 18 March 1931 the northern segment of the border took its modern form with the signing of Memorandum No."}, {"text": "2268, which resulted in the transfer of the Tibesti Mountains from AOF to AEF (i.e. from Niger to Chad). As the movement for decolonisation grew in the post-Second World War era, France gradually granted more political rights and representation for the constituent territories of the two federations, culminating in the granting of broad internal autonomy to each colony in 1958 within the framework of the French Community. Eventually, in August 1960, both Chad and Niger were granted full independence and their mutual frontier became an international one between two independent states. In recent years the border has received renewed attention due to the growth in refugee and migrant movements, some of it organised by professional people smugglers. The situation has been exacerbated following the discovery of gold in the Tibesti Region of Chad in the late 2000s-early 2010, prompting a large influx of people to the area. On 9 June 2018 a clash between suspected people smugglers and the Nigerien military resulted in the deaths of two Nigerien soldiers. The far south of the border area has been affected by refugee movements caused by the ongoing Boko Haram insurgency in neighbouring Nigeria. Border crossings. There are road border crossings linking"}, {"text": "N'guigmi in Niger to the Chadian towns of Nokou and Rig Rig. However the unpaved route is extremely rough and is subject to banditry; most third party governments discourage travel in this region."}, {"text": "National Secondary Route 252, is an arterial road from Route 2 to Route 210 in Curridabat. Description. At only 1.6 kilometers, this road segment was required to continue the (Florencio del Castillo Highway) segment of Route 2, to the southeast of Curridabat canton, at this endpoint a right of way exists to further continue the road to further west in Curridabat canton. History. From the Curridabat west endpoint, there have been plans of either building a tunnel to the Garant\u00edas Sociales roundabout of Route 39 or an elevated highway to Route 215 in Zapote district."}, {"text": "The Budviciaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria. This family is a member of the order Enterobacterales in the class Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. The type genus of this family is \"Budvicia.\" The name \"Budviciaceae\" is derived from the Latin term \"Budvicia\", referring the type genus of the family and the suffix \"-aceae\", an ending used to denote a family. Together, \"Budviciceae\" refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus \"Budvicia\". Biochemical characteristics and molecular signatures. Members are catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, and negative for indole, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, and lysine decarboxylase. These bacteria are capable of producing hydrogen disulfide and reducing nitrate, but are incapable of growing on KCN media. Nine conserved signature indels (CSIs) were identified through genomic analyses for this family in the proteins bifunctional protein-disulfide isomerise/oxidoreductase DsbC, L-methionine/branched chain amino acid transporter, D-alanine-D-alanine ligase, and hypothetical proteins. These CSIs are unique molecular signatures, and thus provide a molecular means of identification and differentiation for \"Budviciaceae\" species from other families in the order \"Enterobacterales\" and all other bacteria. Historical systematics and current taxonomy. \"Budviciceae\", as of 2021, contains four validly published genera. Members of this family were originally members of the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\", a large"}, {"text": "phylogenetically unrelated group of species with distinct biochemical characteristics and different ecological niches. The original assignment of species into the family \"Enterobacteriaceae\" was largely based on 16S rRNA genome sequence analyses, which is known to have low discriminatory power and the results of which changes depends on the algorithm and organism information used. Despite this, the analyses still exhibited polyphyletic branching, indicating the presence of distinct subgroups within the family. In 2016, Adeolu et al. proposed the division of \"Enterobacteriaceae\" into 7 novel families based on comparative genomic analyses and the branching pattern of various phylogenetic trees constructed from conserved genome sequences, 16S rRNA sequences and multilocus sequence analyses. Molecular markers, specifically conserved signature indels, specific to this family were also identified as evidence supporting the division independent of phylogenetic trees."}, {"text": "Mie Gomak is a Batak thick spicy noodle soup dish served in a coconut milk and andaliman-based broth, specialty of Toba Batak region of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Other that traditional Batak lands surrounding Lake Toba, this dish is also a specialty of the Sibolga and Tapanuli area. Unlike common Indonesian noodles, the type of noodle used in this dish is a thick one called \"mie lidi\", quite similar to spaghetti pasta, thus mie gomak is often described as Batak style spaghetti. Mie gomak is quite similar to Mie Aceh from neighbouring province. Etymology. In local Batak dialect, \"gomak\" means \"grab\" or \"squeeze\", which refer to the method of preparing the noodle; by grabbing, handling, and squeezing the noodle with bare hand. Ingredients and preparation. The thick noodle is made from wheat and formed similar with spaghetti, which in dried form is stiff and solid. It is called \"mie lidi\" (stick noodles), because it is similar with \"lidi\" or sticks broom made from the midrib of the coconut palm frond. Boiled noodles are usually prepared separately, while the spicy soup is poured and heated prior of serving. Mie gomak usually topped with hard boiled egg. Mie gomak is commonly served in"}, {"text": "\"kuah\" or in spicy soup. However, a variant might cook the dish further and use less liquid, thus creating a \"mie gomak goreng\" or fried gomak noodle variant. Ingredients includes boiled stick noodles, chayote, carrot, \"daun salam\" or Indonesian bay leaves, lemongrass, beaten egg, and coconut milk. The \"bumbu\" spice mixture includes red chili pepper, shallot, garlic, candlenut, turmeric, ginger, andaliman, leek, sugar, salt, and cooking oil. Crispy fried shallot and krupuk crackers might be sprinkled and added on top of the noodle, also added with sambal andaliman for additional zesty spiciness."}, {"text": "Mary Norbert K\u00f6rte (or Korte or Koerte) (1933/1934 \u2013 November 14, 2022) was an American poet associated with the Beat movement. A former Catholic Religious Sister from the San Francisco Bay area, in the 1960s she became a poet, teacher and social activist. Her published work includes several volumes of poetry. She died on November 14, 2022, aged 88. Life. Early life. K\u00f6rte grew up in the hills near Oakland and Berkeley, east of San Francisco Bay. Born into a conservative and deeply religious family, she was enrolled for her high school studies in the prestigious St. Rose Academy in San Francisco, run by the Dominican Sisters of San Rafael. At the age of 17, she felt that the way of life the Sisters followed would provide her an escape from the privileged life of her family, and entered that religious congregation in 1951. When she professed her first religious vows the following year, she was given the religious name of Sister Mary Norbert, which she kept the rest of her life. K\u00f6rte then prepared for a life of teaching within the institutions of her congregation. She attended Dominican College run by them (now the Dominican University of California) where"}, {"text": "she earned a bachelor's degree in Latin, which was followed by studies at the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C., for her master's degree in that same field. During that period she was occupied with translating Vergil\u2019s \"Georgics\" into iambic pentameter and studying classical texts and formal poetry. At the same time, however, she took notice of the antiwar protests taking place throughout the country which she supported. In 1965, K\u00f6rte was allowed to attend the influential Berkeley Poetry Conference where she was minor sensation due to her wearing of her Dominican religious habit to the event. As result of her experience at the conference, which was a gathering which would become known as a watershed moment in the history of American poetry, she came to know and became greatly influenced by readings by Allen Ginsberg, Jack Spicer, Lew Welch and other poets of that era. She began to write poetry about a range of topics reflecting the social upheaval of the times. In this she formed a friendship with Brother Antoninus, a Dominican lay brother also in the Bay area, who was also a poet struggling with the place of poetry in their society. She began to identify"}, {"text": "with the Beat community of the city and to assist poor poets living in Haight-Ashbury, bringing them food from the convent. The Beat poet David Meltzer helped get her first book of poetry, \"Hymn to the Gentle Sun\", published in 1967. As her secular and religious interests diverged, she left the convent in 1968. \"I kept going to peace rallies, and they kept telling me not to, and I kept going to peace rallies...\" she told a student in the early 1980s. Poet and activist. On leaving the convent, K\u00f6rte moved to Berkeley to take a job as a secretary in the psychology department at the University of California, Berkeley. There she became friends with the poet Denise Levertov. Nominated by Levertov, K\u00f6rte was awarded a National Endowment for the Arts grant in 1969. In 1972, she moved again, becoming caretaker of woodland property near Mendocino in northern California. She eventually bought the property, supporting herself by teaching at a nearby reservation school. She continued to write poetry, and she became active in the environmental movement, including Save the Redwoods. In the early 1980s, she worked with students around Mendocino County as part of the California Poets In The Schools"}, {"text": "program (CPITS). She oversaw the publication of anthologies of student writers, including group poetry; and was delighted when one young writer's piece was included in a statewide anthology produced by CPITS. She was a favorite with many of the students, who were impressed by her lack of condescension and her enthusiastic approach to poetry. She saw potential in everyone and awakened a number of young people to poetry and the power of words, as well their own talents with words. Legacy. River Campus Libraries at the University of Rochester in New York holds a collection of 10 boxes of K\u00f6rte's personal papers. They include correspondence, manuscripts, works by other authors, biographical documents, and other material."}, {"text": "Hazel K. Bell is an indexer, editor and writer. Bell was editor of \"The Indexer\" and \"Learned Publishing\" journals. She has created nearly 900 book indexes and has also written and edited several books. Bell received the Carey Award for services to indexing in 1997 and has been awarded the Wheatley Medal of the Society of Indexers for an outstanding index twice in 2005 and 2006. Life. Hazel Kathleen Bell (n\u00e9e MacAulife) was born on 5 December 1935 in Feltham, UK. She studied at the University of Reading. She started freelancing for publishers while raising her children and has created nearly 900 book indexes. Bell was editor of Society of Indexers' \"The Indexer\" journal from 1978 to 1995 and editor of \"Learned Publishing\" journal (Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers) from 1984 to 1996. She received the Carey Award for services to indexing in 1997 and has been awarded the Wheatley Medal of the Society of Indexers for an outstanding index twice in 2005 and 2006. Publications. Books written and edited by Hazel K. Bell include: \"From Flock Beds to Professionalism: A History of Index-makers\" (2008). \"Indexers and Indexes in Fact and Fiction\" (2001). \"Indexing Biographies and Other Stories"}, {"text": "of Human Lives\" (2020)."}, {"text": "Ptychidio longibarbus is a species of cyprinid of the genus Ptychidio. It inhabits China, has a maximum length of and is considered harmless to humans."}, {"text": "The 2019\u201320 Eastern Illinois Panthers men's basketball team represented Eastern Illinois University during the 2019\u201320 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Panthers, led by eighth-year head coach Jay Spoonhour, played their home games at Lantz Arena as members of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC). They finished the season 17\u201315, 9\u20139 in OVC play, to finish in a tie for fifth place. They defeated Jacksonville State in the first round of the OVC tournament before losing in the quarterfinals to Austin Peay. Previous season. The Panthers finished the 2018\u201319 season 14\u201318, 7\u201311 in OVC play, to finish in sixth place. They lost to UT Martin in the first round of the OVC tournament. Preseason. In a vote of conference coaches and sports information directors, Eastern Illinois was picked to finish in 7th place in the OVC. Preseason All-OVC team. The Panthers had one player selected to the preseason all-OVC team. Schedule and results. !colspan=9 style=| Exhibition !colspan=12 style=| Non-conference regular season !colspan=9 style=| Ohio Valley regular season !colspan=12 style=| Ohio Valley Conference tournament Source:"}, {"text": "Deion Mikesell (born 7 January 1997) is an American professional rugby union player. He played as a winger for the Houston Sabercats in Major League Rugby (MLR). He previously signed with Clermont Auvergne on a developmental contract and also represented America with the United States national rugby union team internationally."}, {"text": "Marko Balazic (born 31 July 1984 in Slovenia) is a Slovenian retired footballer who played the majority of his career for USV St. Anna am Aigen in Austria. Career. Balazic started his senior career with NK Mura in 2000. In 2011, he signed for Irtysh Pavlodar in the Kazakhstan Premier League, where he made fifteen appearances and scored zero goals. After that, he played for Slovenian club KMN Mladinec and Austrian club USV St. Anna am Aigen, where he plays now."}, {"text": "Andrea Cornwall is Professor of Global Development and Anthropology at King's College London. Professional career. Andrea Cornwall is a political anthropologist who specialises in the anthropology of gender and sexuality, citizen participation and participatory research. After graduating from SOAS with a PhD in Social Anthropology, she began her career as a Research Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies in Sussex, as a member of the Participation Team and the Gender Working Group. With Vera Schattan Coelho, she led a thematic cluster in the Citizenship, Participation and Accountability Development Research Centre on inclusion, rights and voice. Their work drew together researchers from Angola, Bangladesh, Brazil, India, Mexico, Nigeria, South Africa and the UK to explore the emergence of new democratic spaces and democratic practices focused on a more deliberative and inclusionary approach to governance. Together with Susie Jolly, Cornwall co-founded the IDS Sexuality Programme, which took shape through a series of international gatherings bringing activists, practitioners, policy makers and academics together to explore the marginalisation of sexuality in development and the politics of pleasure. Cornwall also worked with Elizabeth Harrison and Ann Whitehead to convene leading figures in the field of gender and development to reflect critically on the gender"}, {"text": "agenda in development, giving rise to collections exploring challenges, contradictions and contestations in feminist approaches to development and change, and the contested politics of women's rights. Cornwall was the Director of the Pathways of Women\u2019s Empowerment Research Programme Consortium, which ran from 2006 through 2014. This programme was funded by UKAid from the Department for International Development and the Swedish and Norwegian governments, and its main aim was to elucidate factors that help create more equality and equity between men and women through collection of women's experiences in this sphere. The programme sought to make the experiences of many individual women visible to teach and inspire others. She remains an Honorary Associate of the Institute of Development Studies. In 2011, she joined Sussex University's School of Global Studies as Professor in Global Development, where she taught introductory courses in international development to first year undergraduate and Master's students, experimenting with immersive learning and decolonising the way international development was taught. As the Pathways programme came to a close, she took up a temporary role as interim Head of School and found in it a new field of engagement for work on citizenship, participation, accountability and equity. Appointed Head of School"}, {"text": "in early 2014, and serving as Deputy Pro-Vice Chancellor Equality and Diversity from 2016 to 2017, she remained at Sussex until the conclusion of her term of office in August 2018. She then joined London University's School of Oriental and African Studies as Pro-Director Research & Enterprise, moving to KCL in August 2022. Her work has focused on what needs to change to give those affected by decisions, norms and institutions a voice, focusing primarily on the rights of women and sexual minorities. Among the specific topics she has worked on are contraception from a woman's point-of-view; indigenous medical knowledge and women's experiences of infertility and sexually transmitted diseases in Nigeria and Zimbabwe; rights and social movements of sex workers in India and of domestic workers in Brazil; and the quality of democratic processes in Brazil. Books. Participation and Democracy Participation: A Reader, Andrea Cornwall (ed.), Zed Books, 2011 \"Novos Espa\u00e7os Democraticos: Experiencias Internacionais\", Andrea Cornwall and Vera Schattan P. Coelho (eds.), S\u00e3o Paulo, Editora Brasileira, 2009. Democratising Engagement: What the UK Can Learn from International Experience, Andrea Cornwall, Demos, 2009. Spaces for Change? Representation, Inclusion and Voice in New Democratic Arenas, Andrea Cornwall and Vera Schattan Coelho (eds.), Zed"}, {"text": "Books, 2006. Pathways to Participation: Practitioners\u2019 Reflections on PRA, Andrea Cornwall and Garett Pratt (eds.), IT Publications, 2003. Beneficiary, Customer, Citizen: Perspectives on Participation for Poverty Reduction, A.Cornwall, Sida Studies 2, Sida: Stockholm. 2000. Masculinities Masculinities Under Neoliberalism, Andrea Cornwall, Frank G. Karioris and Nancy Lindisfarne (eds.), Zed Books, 2016. Men and Development: Politicising Masculinities, Andrea Cornwall, Jerker Edstrom and Alan Greig (eds.), Zed Books, 2011. Dislocating Masculinity: Comparative Ethnographies, Andrea Cornwall and Nancy Lindisfarne (eds.), Routledge, 1994. Second edition, 2017. Feminisms and Development Feminism, Empowerment and Development: Changing Women\u2019s Lives, Andrea Cornwall and Jenny Edwards (eds.). Zed Books, 2014. The Politics of Rights: Dilemmas for Feminist Praxis, Andrea Cornwall and Maxine Molyneux (eds)., Routledge, 2009. Gender Myths and Feminist Fables: The Struggle for Interpretive Power in Gender and Development, Andrea Cornwall, Elizabeth Harrison and Ann Whitehead (eds.), Blackwell, 2008. Feminisms in Development: Contradictions, Contestations and Challenges, Andrea Cornwall, Elizabeth Harrison and Ann Whitehead (eds.), Zed Books, 2008. Readings in Gender in Africa, Andrea Cornwall (ed.), International African Institute, 2005. Sexualities Researching Sex and Sexualities, eds. Charlotte Morris, Paul Boyce, Andrea Cornwall, Hannah Frith, Laura Harvey and YingYing Huang, Researching Sex and Sexualities, London: Zed Books. 2018. Women, Sexuality and"}, {"text": "the Political Power of Pleasure, Susie Jolly, Andrea Cornwall and Kate Hawkins (eds.), Zed Books, 2013. Development with a Body, Sonia Correa, Andrea Cornwall and Susie Jolly (eds.), Zed Books, 2009. Realizing Rights: Transforming Approaches to Sexual and Reproductive Wellbeing, Andrea Cornwall and Alice Welbourn (eds.), Zed Books, 2002. [published in Brazil in 2006 as Direitos Sexuais e Reproductivas] Development Revolutionising Development: Reflections on the Work of Robert Chambers, Andrea Cornwall and Ian Scoones (eds.), Earthscan, 2011. Deconstructing Development Discourse: Buzzwords and Fuzzwords, Andrea Cornwall and Deborah Eade (eds.), Practical Action Publishing, 2010. The Beast of Bureaucracy and Other Tales from Valhalla, Andrea Cornwall, Katja Jassey, Seema Arora-Jonsson and Patta Scott-Villiers, Bath Press, 2007."}, {"text": "is a Japanese fantasy manga series written by Kawo Tanuki and illustrated by Choco Aya. It was serialized in Mag Garden's \"sh\u014dnen\" manga magazine \"Monthly Comic Garden\" from December 2016 to December 2022 and was collected in ten \"tank\u014dbon\" volumes. The manga is licensed in North America by Seven Seas Entertainment. An anime television series adaptation by Signal.MD aired from April to June 2021. A young red dragon, who despite his race's viciousness, happens to be weak and timid. After he gets kicked out by his family, he goes to search for his dream home where he can be safe. Due to circumstances beyond his control, he unintentionally becomes infamous as the Flame Dragon Lord. A powerful elf magician who is also a skilled architect and knows the real estate business, as well as a number of other personages. Over a thousand years ago, he accidentally inherited the Demon Lord title by \"winning\" it at a lottery, making him the supreme figurehead of all non-humans. He takes in Letty as his client to different estates to find him his dream home, partly because of his previous experience with another dragon. Full name: Piyovelt Phelpia Pi Alpine Piyoderika. It is a"}, {"text": "hr\u00e6svelgr, a species of giant arctic eagle. After Letty finds its egg by happenstance and it hatches, the chick imprints on Letty, who eventually adopts it as a foundling. Full name: Andriana Ellen Croixdea Margarethe Emmalyn Narsham Felna. She is a spoiled and stubborn human princess who ran away from home after her father ate a cupcake she had craved. After recognizing Letty's pacifistic nature, she joins him and Diaria on their home-hunting quest. A fighter and the leader of a quartet of \"Heroes\" who become Letty's comical nemeses by popping up wherever he wants to settle down, only to be killed or driven off and then return for yet another attempt. A member of Hero's adventuring party. A member of Hero's adventuring party. A member of Hero's adventuring party. A human Hunter who stole the egg Letty was supposed to guard, leading to the dragon's banishment. A Cait (anthropomorphic cat) and Huey's Hunter partner. A former lord and the owner of a mansion on Diaria's list of available estates; in fact, in life he was an old friend of Diaria. Having become a wraith, he still haunts his family mansion with his undead retainers. (Japanese); Christopher Guerrero (English) A"}, {"text": "petulant black dragon who, like Letty, long ago sought out Diaria for advice on a new home and became his first dragon travelling companion. He grandstandingly prefers to be referred to as the Mighty Black Dragon, a legendary harbinger of destruction. Media. Manga. The series is written by Kawo Tanuki and illustrated by Choco Aya. It was serialized in Mag Garden's \"sh\u014dnen\" manga magazine \"Monthly Comic Garden\" from December 5, 2016 to December 5, 2022, and was collected in ten \"tank\u014dbon\" volumes. The manga is licensed in North America by Seven Seas Entertainment. A spin-off manga was serialized in the same magazine from January 5, 2023 to May 2, 2023. Anime. An anime adaptation was announced in the fifth volume of the manga on October 10, 2019, later revealed as a television series on May 9, 2020. It was animated by Signal.MD and directed by Haruki Kasugamori, with Shiori Asuka and Su Shiyi designing the characters, and Ky\u014dhei Matsuno composing the music. The series aired from April 4 to June 20, 2021 on Tokyo MX, ytv, and BS Fuji. Masayoshi \u014cishi performed the series' opening theme song \"Role-playing\", while Non Stop Rabbit performed the series' ending theme song \"Shizuka na"}, {"text": "Kaze\". Funimation streamed the series. Following Sony's acquisition of Crunchyroll, the series was moved to Crunchyroll. Reception. Previews. Anime News Network (ANN) had three editors review the first episode of the anime: Richard Eisenbeis was critical of the \"meta-commentary\" referencing RPG video games that's either a fourth wall breaking gag or implies technology is being used in its fantasy setting but was intrigued by how the house-hunting content will sustain a whole season; Caitlin Moore was initially positive during the opening minutes but criticized Letty for being an insufferable character, the repetitive humor and the \"extremely limited\" animation for making it a \"pretty boring\" viewing experience. She concluded that: \"At the very least, it's gentle and harmless, unlikely to upset or offend even the most sensitive viewers.\" The third reviewer, Rebecca Silverman, praised it for being a good series prologue that contains humorous scenarios and designs that transfer from its source material into animation very well, concluding that: \"This series stands to be a lot of fun, the fantasy and real estate mashup you didn't know you needed. I'm definitely looking forward to seeing more.\" Series reception. Fellow ANN editor Mercedez Clewis reviewed the complete anime series and gave it"}, {"text": "an overall B grade. While finding criticism in the inconsistent comedy (highlighting the overuse of video game references), generic soundtrack and peripheral human side characters, she gave it praise for having a \"well-acted and solidly directed\" English dub with Michael Kovach and Steven Kelly as standouts, the chemistry between Letty and Diaria, and being a suitable gateway anime for younger audiences, concluding that: \"In the end, \"Dragon Goes House-Hunting\" is easily one of the most underrated anime from the Spring season.\" Stig H\u00f8gset, writing for THEM Anime Reviews, wrote that: \"\"Dragon Goes House-Hunting\" turned out to be a fun little journey in the world of reasonably tough love and diverse housing. It understands comedy well enough not to repeat the same joke three times, and, like I said, it's got some wonderfully snappy dialogue to its name. It has a colorful, wonderful world for Letty to discover as he goes from house to house on his lovely journey of discovery and homemaking, and if a second season is ever greenlit, I will be there.\""}, {"text": "Palayil Pathazhapurayil Narayanan (15 February 1923 \u2013 19 February 1996) was a Malaysian trade unionist. Early childhood and education. Narayanan was born on 15 February 1923, in Tholanur, present day Palakkad District, Kerala, India, then part of the Madras Presidency. His parents were Palayil Janaki Amma and Chettur Narayanan Nair, who was the nephew of (Sir) Chettur Sankaran Nair. P. P. Narayanan got his family name, \"Palayil Pathazhapurayil\", through matrilineal succession. He moved to Malaya to further his education, where he completed the Malayan Senior Cambridge Examination in 1940 and enrolled in the Technical College in Kuala Lumpur, intending to become an electrical engineer. However, he had to discontinue the course due to lack of funds (Morais 1984, p. 53) and the Japanese invasion of Malaya in December 1941 during World War II. Forced to work, instead of study, he found employment in 1942 as a daily-rated winchman in a tin mine (The Rawang Tin Fields) in Rawang, Selangor, collecting a wage of one Straits dollar a day. Here he had his first direct contact with manual laborers and saw how they were eking out a meagre existence with little chance to improve their lot. To remind him of those"}, {"text": "days of hardship, Narayanan carried with him a small payslip from the mine until his passing (Williams 2007, p. 12). In mid-1943, Subhas Chandra Bose visited Malaya, attracting \u201cvast crowds, not solely Indians, [who] flocked to attend what were perhaps the largest political gatherings hitherto held in the country (Harper 1999, p.45).\u201d Narayanan traveled to Kuala Lumpur to hear Netaji and was completely inspired by his speech canvassing moral and material support for the Indian National Army (INA). Narayanan donated a gold ring he had purchased with his meagre savings as a daily-rated worker, and enlisted with the INA soon after (Netaji Centre 1992, p. 67). He was among the first batch of recruits from Selangor to be sent to Singapore for officer training (Comber 2015, p. 183). On being commissioned in 1945, he served as a quartermaster in a camp in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, before being appointed the Station Staff Officer (Netaji Centre 1992, p. 67). Trade unionism. The post-war period (after 1945) was characterized by widespread unemployment, food shortages, long-hours of work and low rates of pay. Narayanan managed to find employment as an apprentice clerk in a rubber estate in Selangor. He later moved to become a"}, {"text": "clerk in another estate in Negeri Sembilan. His experiences in the estates provided him first-hand information on the appalling conditions suffered by estate workers (then referred to as labourers) (Morais 1984, p. 2).\" The fate of the Indian workers was even worse; brought in as indentured labourers to work in the rubber estates and public works, they were already marginalised prior to the war. They were being paid one cent an hour and worked for 12 hours a day, for 7 days a week. At the outbreak of the war, wages averaged at 60 cents for a 12-hour workday. After the war, employers were seeking to restore the status quo (Baradan 26 February 1995, p.13). The young Narayanan felt moved to help the workers by forming a union with ten others. Barely 23 years of age, he was elected to serve as the Secretary of the Negeri Sembilan Plantation Workers Union. He rose and \u201cdominated the Malayan trade union movement for several decades, [and] was a towering figure in the trade union movement in Malaya and internationally (Comber 2015, p.164)\u201d. Six months after the formation of the union, he resigned as estate clerk and devoted his time fully to nurturing"}, {"text": "the union. He was allotted a salary of 125 Straits dollars but it never came regularly. The first bicycle he purchased was repossessed when he could not make the third instalment payment. And, when once the Union\u2019s phone bill could not be settled, Narayanan reluctantly pawned his wedding ring, hoping to redeem it someday. That day never came (Morais 1975, p. 37). Narayanan faced strong competition from the communists who had spearheaded the anti-Japanese campaign (with British help) and had re-emerged as post-war heroes. They were pushing hard to form trade unions themselves, taking advantage of workers facing hardships due to the dislocations in the immediate post-war period. Being a staunch anti-communist, Narayanan steered his Union and, later, the nascent trade union movement in the country, away from communism to one based on democratic principles without affiliation to political parties or party politics. Individual members were free to support the political party of their choice, but the movement had to be seen as apolitical with the freedom to align with parties or politicians sympathetic to the cause of labour (Comber 2015, p. 163). Narayanan was a delegate to the founding conference of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)"}, {"text": "in 1949. He was one of three persons who represented the movement even before the national body, Malayan Trade Union Congress (MTUC), was formed. It was at this meeting that the proposal to form an international umbrella body of free trade unions was passed. From this proposal was born the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) in 1949 (Zaidi 1975, p. 41). Aged 26, Narayanan was possibly the youngest participant and was unknown in the international gathering of the leading lights of trade unions from around the world. A documentary of the event identified Narayanan as \u201ca young Asiatic friend\u201d. In a strange twist of destiny, this young Asiatic would eventually helm the world body some 25 years later. At the end of World War II, Narayanan was a leading founder of the National Union of Plantation Workers. This union proved highly successful, becoming one of the strongest in the region, and in 1950 he was elected as president of the Malaysian Trade Union Congress, aged only 27. In 1973, Narayanan was elected as chair of the ICFTU's Economic and Social Committee. He was also involved in its Asian Regional Organisation (ARO) from its early years, becoming president of"}, {"text": "ARO in 1960, serving a five-year term, then holding the post again from 1969 to 1976. He was Vice President of the International Federation of Plantation, Agricultural and Allied Workers (IFPAAW) (1957-1987) and President between 1988-1992. Then in 1975 he won election as president of the ICFTU. and held the post for four consecutive terms until his retirement in 1992, the first person to hold the role from outside Europe and North America. He served until his retirement in 1992. Legislator. Narayanan was sworn in as a member of the Federal Legislative Council in February 1948. The Hansards of the period show that he not only fought fiercely to protect the rights of the workers but did so with much humour and humanity (Morais 1975, Chap.9). He was one of four people who represented the Malayan Legislative Council at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in London in 1953. Towards independence and nation-building. In 1948, just before the Emergency, The Communist Party in Malaya issued a secret instruction that the party should take control of progressive mass institutions like trade unions, youth and women\u2019s organisations and place them under the direct leadership of the party. Efforts were to be intensified"}, {"text": "through Communist-controlled trade unions to create labour unrest. Then labour unions could be strengthened as they could be the communists\u2019 strongest weapon (Comber 2015, p. 163). Narayanan proved to be a major stumbling block to their aspirations. In October 1951, Sir Henry Gurney, the serving British High Commissioner in Malaya was assassinated by guerrilla agents. His replacement, Sir Gerald Templer, only took up his post after a gap of about four months in February 1952, during which time the guerrilla activities had intensified. He was a decorated military officer and was amply qualified to handle the military aspects of the problem. Moreover, Gurney had already started implementing the Briggs Plan to cut supplies and support the guerrillas were receiving from the unassimilated Chinese population scattered along the fringes of jungles. The Plan involved the resettling of nearly half a million Chinese into \u201cNew Villages\u201d that were ringed with barbed wire and patrolled regularly by police. Templer\u2019s immediate task was to continue implementing the Plan. Templer also needed the support of the Indians, who were largely in estates which were being targeted by the guerrillas who wanted to destroy the economy of colonial Malaya. The communists were also intimidating the estate"}, {"text": "workforce in attempts to regain control of the labour movement that they had lost when many union leaders aligned to them went underground at the onset of the Emergency (Comber 2015, p. 3). But his personality did not allow for easy friendships. Templer was suspicious of the Tunku, who led the Malays and had an uneasy relationship with Tan Cheng Lock, the Chinese leader (Comber 2015, p. 9). A British civil servant in Malaya had noted that \u201c[b]ehind his penetrating gaze there was a tough, even a harsh quality, an intimidating character, whose mordant tongue and vivid language would unquestionably make him some enemies in Malaya (Comber 2015, p.13).\u201d A local historian was more direct in his assessment: \u201cTempler was a feared man, who became notorious for his violent temper and intemperate language (Cheah 2009, p.137).\u201d Narayanan, who had tremendous influence in the estates, was a nationalist but opposed to militant communism. Templar saw in him an important ally to fight the communist threat. He, therefore, enlisted \"the cooperation of P.P. Narayanan, a Federal Legislative Council Member, a powerful trade union leader, and the first President of the Malayan Trades Union Congress and General Secretary of the National Union of"}, {"text": "Plantation Workers (Comber 2015, p.162).\u201d Narayanan had no difficulty working with Templer; The former had cut his teeth on driving hard bargains with arrogant and abrasive European planters and estate managers, long before he met Templer. Comber, in his book on Templer, wondered aloud if Templar\u2019s views of Narayanan might have been different had he known that Narayanan had fought against the British colonial forces in Malaya as part of the INA (Comber 2015, Chapter 7). These speculations notwithstanding, surprisingly, Narayanan\u2019s views were taken seriously. On one occasion, he had suggested that Templar visit some of the worst areas affected by the insurgency like Bahau (in Negeri Sembilan) and Yong Peng (in Johor) to help build the morale of the people there. Several days later, Templer called him to say he had just returned from Bahau. He then added, \u201cWell, you see, I do listen to people like you (Morais 1975, pp. 61-62).\u201d Just prior to Narayanan\u2019s departure for London as part of a four-man delegation that represented the Federal Legislature at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in London, Templer reminded Narayanan that the trip provides a rare opportunity to meet the heads of the Malayan rubber and tin"}, {"text": "industries in the UK, and volunteered to get the Colonial Office in London to arrange meetings with them. And Narayanan indeed did meet them (Morais 1975, pp. 61\u201362). Not until recently has the role of the anti-communist trade union movement in the fight for Malayan nationhood been acknowledged. Writing in 2015, Comber noted that the \u201cTrade union movement was one of the strongest forces working for a Malayan nation (Comber 2015, p.164).\u201d Awards and recognition. He received the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Public Service in 1962 and was the second recipient from Malaysia (the first being Malaysia's first Prime Minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman, himself). He set aside one-half of the prize money to establish a Workers' Education Fund and contributed a ringgit a day to the scholarship fund for the rest of his life, reflecting his belief that the children of plantation workers should move out of plantations to secure better-paying jobs offering a clear career path for advancement. He was honoured posthumously when a major road in Petaling Jaya, in the state of Selangor, was named Jalan P.P. Narayanan (a.k.a. Persiaran P.P. Narayanan) Coincidentally, the road is a logical extension of Jalan Templer (named after Gerald Templer) where the"}, {"text": "headquarters of the NUPW had been situated during Narayanan\u2019s lifetime. In his own country, Narayanan declined several awards given by the government fearing that it might compromise the neutrality of the trade union movement. He, however, received with gratitude the Honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Universiti Sains Malaysia, in 1974, viewing the award as a consolation for his interrupted academic pursuit (USM 2016, p. 144. In 1951, he became the first recipient of Gold Medal of the Malayan Trade Union Congress for his services and leadership. In 1986, MTUC honoured Narayanan again by conferring the title, \"Bapa Pekerja Malaysia\" (Father of Malaysian Workers) and making him Honorary Life President in recognition of his lifetime of service to the trade union movement in the country. In 1988, the Tata Workers' Union in India invited PP to deliver the 4th Michael John Memorial Lecture and receive the Gold Medal. Other distinguished personalities who received the award after him include APJ Abdul Kalam, the President of India (2002), R. Venkataraman, former President of India (1993), and S. K. Jain, Former Deputy. Director-General, of the ILO (1989). Final days and death. Narayanan resigned as secretary general of the NUPW and gave up almost"}, {"text": "all his other numerous positions in 1992 on account of poor health and passed away four years later, on February 19, 1996, just a week after he turned 73. One of the articles published about him said, \u201cHis demise also brought to an end Malaysia\u2019s high-flying involvement in international trade unionism, a feat not emulated by other Malaysian trade unionists in recent years. It will be quite a while before any other local unionist\u2014if at all\u2014makes it as big as P.P. internationally\u2026.More than anything and anyone else, P.P.'s single biggest contribution was organising the rubber estate workers under an organisation where their salaries and terms and conditions of service were gradually and steadily improved. More important than that, getting organised brought with it legal protection from abuse and exploitation.\" Another report summarised his life thus: \u201cAt 23, he founded his first trade union. At 25, he became the youngest member of the Federal Legislative Council, and at 27, he was elected the first President of the MTUC. Before he was 42 (Edit: He was 52, as noted in citation), P.P. Narayanan..had reached the pinnacle of his career as president of a world labour centre with 90 million members in 120"}, {"text": "countries.\u201d An award was instituted in his name by his family at Universiti Sains Malaysia, not only to perpetuate his memory at the institution but also to reflect the value he placed on education. The award, a Gold Medal for the Best Student in the Bachelor of Economics programme, was bestowed for the first time on Benedict Weerasena, who graduated with a first- class honours in the 2015/16 academic session (USM 2016, p. 138)."}, {"text": "Mohammad Reza Ghobishavi (; born 24 January 2000) is an Iranian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Paykan in the Azadegan League. Club career. Sanat Naft. He made his debut for Sanat Naft Abadan in 25th fixtures of 2017\u201318 Iran Pro League against Siah Jamegan."}, {"text": "Gertrude Powicke (19 December 1887 \u2013 20 December 1919) was a teacher and relief worker. She was one of the first women graduates of Manchester University. She was a suffrage campaigner and worked with the Friends War Victims Relief Committee (FWVRC) in France during the First World War. Life. Gertrude Mary Powicke was born on 19 December 1887 in Hatherlow, near Stockport, UK. She was educated in Milton Mount College in Gravesend, Kent. She was one of the early women graduates from the Victoria University of Manchester, gaining a degree in Modern Languages in 1911. She then worked as a teacher at the Manchester High School for Girls. She became a suffrage campaigner with the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) and was the co-founder and treasurer of the Romiley branch of the North of England Women's Suffrage Society. During the First World War, she volunteered to work with the Quaker nurses of the Friends War Victims Relief Committee (FWVRC) in Bar-le-Duc, France. She travelled with the FWVRC to Poland in 1919 to treat a typhus outbreak and contracted the disease herself during a hospital tour. She died of typhus in Warsaw, Poland, on 20 December 1919. Her death"}, {"text": "was not officially recognised by the British government or the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Powicke is buried in Warsaw's Evangelical-Reformed cemetery and she also has an inscription on the Powicke family grave in Hatherlow churchyard. Awards and memorials. Powicke is the only woman honoured on the University of Manchester's war memorial behind Whitworth Hall. She is the only woman named on any war memorial in Stockport via a plaque on the Heaton Moor war memorial. She is also one of the four local women for whom Suffragette Square in Stockport was named by Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council on International Women's Day in 2018 (the others being Elizabeth Raffald, Elsie Plant and Hannah Winbolt)."}, {"text": "Superplan was a high-level programming language developed between 1949 and 1951 by Heinz Rutishauser, the name being a reference to \"\" (i.e. computation plan), in Konrad Zuse's terminology designating a single program. The language was described in Rutishauser's 1951 publication (i.e. \"Automatically created Computation Plans for Program-Controlled Computing Machines\"). Superplan introduced the keyword as for loop, which had the following form (formula_1 being an array item): F\u00fcr i=\"base\"(\"increment\")\"limit\": formula_1 + \"addend\" = formula_1"}, {"text": "This article is a list of presidents of Saint Joseph's University, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania."}, {"text": "Leonel Carri\u00f3n Santiago (born February 15, 1952) is a Venezuelan former Major League Baseball coach who served on the staff of manager Buck Rodgers of the Montreal Expos in and . Born in Maracaibo, he was also a minor league outfielder who spent 12 seasons (1972\u20131983) in the Expo organization before becoming a professional coach in 1984. He threw and batted right-handed, stood tall and weighed . Carri\u00f3n entered professional baseball after graduating from Liceo Ud\u00f3n P\u00e9rez in Maracaibo. His active career included more than 1,300 games played, all but 241 of them at the Double-A or Triple-A level. In his finest year, 1974, with the West Palm Beach Expos, he batted a career-best .304 in 105 games and was named a Florida State League all-star. He also stole 41 bases in 1976 as a member of the Qu\u00e9bec M\u00e9tros. As part of his duties with the 1988 Expos, Carri\u00f3n worked with former shortstop Hubie Brooks, a 1987 All-Star, to convert him into an outfielder."}, {"text": "Pamela Hardt-English is an American food scientist and computer scientist who created Resource One, a \"people's computing center\" in 1972 at Project One, a \"technological commune\" in San Francisco, California. Education. Pamela Hardt-English was a graduate student in computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. She left the computer science program in 1970 in protest against the American incursion into Cambodia. As she noted, \"I dropped out of school because I decided that I spent too much time preparing to do stuff and not enough time actually doing anything.\" Resource One. Hardt-English joined Project One, a live-work community (sometimes referred to as a \"technological commune\"), conceptualized around Symbas School \u2014 an alternative high school \u2014 and housed in a multistory former factory building in San Francisco, in 1970. In 1972, she arranged for the delivery of a decommissioned SDS 940, a mainframe computer, to the commune, establishing Resource One. Resource One's goal was to link together the centers of counterculture across the Bay Area with a computer network. Career. After leaving Project One, Hardt-English received master's degrees in agricultural engineering and food science from the University of California, Davis. She is currently the president of PhF Specialists, Inc. in"}, {"text": "San Jose, California."}, {"text": "The North Platte U.S. Post Office and Federal Building is a historic three-story building in North Platte, Nebraska. It was built in 1913, and designed in the Renaissance Revival style by architect James Knox Taylor. Its front facade has a central entrance under a brick segmented arch. The post office was relocated in 1964 when a new Federal building was constructed, and the building was then to be used by a community college. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 4, 2009."}, {"text": "Music on the Run () is a 1943 Italian \"white-telephones\" musical comedy film directed by Carlo Ludovico Bragaglia and starring Gino Bechi, Irasema Dili\u00e1n and Guglielmo Barnab\u00f2. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Alfredo Montori and Mario Rappini. It was shot at Cinecitt\u00e0 Studios."}, {"text": "The Norfolk Southern Railway Memphis District \u2014 West End runs between Norfolk Southern Sheffield Yard (MP 401.0A) in Sheffield, Alabama to Tower 17 (MP 551.7A) at Memphis, Tennessee. The Memphis District \u2014 IC District (now operated by the West Tennessee Railroad) connects at Rudy (MP 457.3A) on the east side of Corinth, Mississippi. The Kansas City Southern Railway Artesia Subdivision crosses at MP 458.8A in Corinth. West of Rossville, Tennessee (MP 521.1A) is the entrance to the Rossville Intermodal Facility, which turns south off the mainline towards the Mississippi state line. The mainline continues into Memphis, where it reaches the NS Harris Yard at MP 545.0A. On the west end of the Harris Yard two mainlines run towards downtown and are identified as the East and West Mains. The West Main crosses the Union Pacific Railroad Memphis Subdivision at KC Junction. Both mains terminate at Tower 17 in downtown Memphis."}, {"text": "Hans Nielsen Jeppesen (15 February 1815 \u2013 8 October 1883) was a Danish merchant and ship-owner. He bought his first ship in 1850 and his fleet of merchant ships later grew to 10 ships. He was the maternal grandfather of M\u00e6rsk- founder Arnold Peter M\u00f8ller. Early life and career. Jeppesen was born on 15 February 1815 in Drag\u00f8r, the son of Niels Taarnby Jeppesen and Marchen Hansdatter M\u00f8ller. The family lived at Von Ostensgade 8. He went to sea in an early age and passed his exams as helmsman at the Navigation School in 1835 but did not have enough practical experience to work as a helmsman until 1838. He began to work for Chr. Broberg & S\u00f8n in 1841 and was on 28 May 1842 granted citizenship in Copenhagen. He was captain on Chr. Broberg's schooner \"Thomas Lawrence\" in 1842\u20131751. Ship-owner. Jeppesen's first ship, \"Elosabeth\", commissioned from a shipyard in Kalmar in 1852, was already lost in 1855. His second ship, \"Prima\", was also commissioned directly from a shipyard. The rest of his ships were all used ships bought from other ship-owners. Only two of his ships, \"Coquette\" and \"Ellerslie\", were owned in partnerships with others. By the 1870s,"}, {"text": "his fleet had grown to 10 ships. Ships. \"This list may be incomplete\" Personal life. Jeppesen was married to Leisebeth Jens Hansen Snedkers and the couple had seven daughters. His eldest daughter, Anna, married Peter M\u00e6rsk M\u00f8ller. His youngest daughter, Nicoline, married Jacob Cornelius Isbrandtsen, and was the mother of Hans Isbrandtsen, New York. The family lived at Elisenborg, a large property on the western outskirts of Drag\u00f8r. Jeppesen died when a dinghy capsized off Drag\u00f8r in 1883. He was at the time of his death the owner of eight ships. His widow closed the company down over the next one and a half years."}, {"text": "Paul Stradins Museum of the History of Medicine () is museum in Riga, one of the largest medical museums in the world. The exposition presents the development of medicine and pharmacology from ancient times. A separate section is devoted to the history of medicine Latvia. The museum building, at Antonijas Street 1, Riga, was designed in 1875 in the style of neo-Renaissance by a Riga architect, academician of architecture Heinrich Scheel. For the needs of the museum building was remodeled in 1957. History of the museum. The museum was founded on October 1, 1957 and open to visitors in 1961. The basis of the museum was the gift of the professor Pauls Stradi\u0146\u0161 (1896\u20131958). The idea to create a museum of the history of medicine came from professor Stradi\u0146\u0161 in the 30s of the XX century, when his personal collection of medical exhibits gained fame among his colleagues. Professor Stradi\u0146\u0161, together with like-minded people, systematically created a collection of visual aids for medical students and specialists. Initially, medical fields of surgery and oncology, the professions of the professor himself, were most widely represented in the museum's collection. In 1987, the museum expanded with new branch Museum of Pharmacy, which was"}, {"text": "created on the basis of personal collections of the historian Davis Blumenthal and pharmacist Janis Maisite. Museum exhibits. The museum has more than 203,000 storage units. The museum collection is constantly updated."}, {"text": "Todenham is a village and civil parish in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. The village is significant for its Grade I listed 14th-century parish church. History. Todenham, 'Todanhom' in 804 (in the kingdom of Mercia) and 'Teodeham' in 1086, derives from the Old English for an \"enclosed valley of a man called Teoda\" the 'ham' part referring to \"...land hemmed in by water or marsh or higher ground...\". In 804 the Benedictine monastery at Deerhurst, Deerhurst Priory, acquired Todenham manor from Ethelric, the son of Ethelmund. The priory, and therefore the manor of Todenham, then passed to king Edward the Confessor, who willed it to Westminster Abbey. Todenham in the Domesday Book is listed as being in the Deerhurst Hundred of Gloucestershire. The settlement contained 59 villagers, 54 smallholders (middle level of serf below a villager), and 51 slaves. There were ploughlands for 24.5 lord's plough teams and 28 men's plough teams. Resources were of meadow, a woodland of 0.5 leagues, and four mills. Three of the mills may have been included as part of the wider Deerhurst manor. Major lordship in 1066 was held by Westminster Abbey, which retained it in 1086 after the Norman conquest, while becoming"}, {"text": "Tenant-in-chief to king William I. In the second half of the 19th century, and up to the First World War, Todenham was in the Eastern division of Gloucestershire, the upper division of the Hundred of Westminster, the petty sessional division of Moreton-in-Marsh, and the Union\u2014poor relief provision set up under the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834\u2014and county court district of Shipston-on-Stour. It had a railway station on the line of the Oxford and Worcester section of the Great Western Railway. The ecclesiastical parish was in the rural deanery of Campden and the archdeaconry of Cirencester, in the Diocese of Gloucester. The parish church was described as of Decorated style, containing a chancel with chantry chapel on north side, a nave of three bays, a south chapel within the nave, a north aisle, a south porch, and a tower with six bells and a clock. Recorded were stone sedilia with canopies and a piscina, and remains of stairs to a former rood loft. The chancel chantry chapel was the family pew of the Pole family. Nave south chapel, with canopied piscina and credence, contains a monument to Lady Louisa Pole (died 6 August 1852). The decorated-style chancel east window included a"}, {"text": "stained glass memorial (erected 1879) to Rev Gilbert Malcolm, parish rector from 1812. The chancel has an inscribed brass memorial to William Moulton (died 1614). The church was restored in 1879 for \u00a3600 [\"Kelly's\" 1897] or \u00a32,000 [\"Kelly's\" 1914]. There was seating for 150. The church register dates to 1721, and includes a list of former rectors going back farther. A significant rector was Thomas Merkes (1397\u20131403), 'abbot of Westminster' [\"Kelly's\"], then Bishop of Carlisle (1397\u20131400), who was 'degraded' by Henry IV for his support of Richard II. The parish living was a rectory which included of glebe\u2014an area of land used to support a parish priest\u2014and a residence, under the patronage of the Bishop of Gloucester. The parish priest in 1882 was also vicar of Lower Lemington, but not in residence at Todenham. Todenham manor had belonged in 1542 to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, then in 1545 to the Petre family of Essex after it was given to William Petre, the Tudor Secretary of State. It was retained by the Petre family until 1783, when it was sold to the Pole family who originated in Derbyshire, and who are descended from Cardinal Reginald Pole (1500\u20131558), the last"}, {"text": "Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury, and son to Sir Richard Pole and Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury. Lordship of the manor resided with this branch of the Poles until 1951. The Pole family seat was Todenham House in the village, in 1856 occupied by Sir Peter Van Notten-Pole, 3rd Baronet (1801\u20131887), and in 1897 by Sir Cecil Pery Van Notten-Pole, 4th Baronet (1863\u20131948) JP. There was a new National School, built in 1874 for 100 children, with an 1897 average attendance 23 boys and 27 girls including infants. At the beginning of the 20th century this was now a Public Elementary School (Education Act 1902), with an average attendance of 50. There had been no parish school in the late 17th century, but an endowment of \u00a320 in 1704 was given for the education of poor children, these to be selected by the rector and churchwardens. A previous National school, which was subscription, fee and rector financed, existed from the early to mid-19th century in a rented building. Parish area in the 19th century was , with soil of clay and gravel over a subsoil of clay and oolite limestone. Parish population in 1851 was 462; in 1891, 349; and"}, {"text": "in 1911, 262. Directory listing of trades and occupations in 1856 included Mount Sorrel, Woodhills and Lower Cerrington farms. In all there were nine farmers, a shoemaker, a plasterer & slater, a wheelwright, a blacksmith, a beer retailer, a mason, a butcher, two shopkeepers one of whom was the postmaster, and four carpenters, three of whom were in the same family. There was also the licensee of the Farriers' Arms, and an agent for Sir Peter Pole. Although there was a post office, the nearest money-order office was at Moreton-in-Marsh. By 1897 the post office is listed as a Post, Telegraph & Express Delivery Office, with letters posted and received through Moreton-in-Marsh. Two carriers\u2014transporters of trade goods, with sometimes people, between different settlements\u2014operated between Todenham and Shipston-on-Stour on Saturdays. Parish traders and occupations then listed included 14 farmers, one of whom was also one of the carriers, a miller to Sir Cecil Pery Van Notten-Pole who also employed an agent, a blacksmith, a decorator, a carpenter, two shopkeepers, and the licensee of the Farriers' Arms. Businesses included a firm of wheelwrights & carpenters, and the Todenham Brick & Tile Works. There was a secretary to the Cirencester Working Men's Conservative"}, {"text": "Association Benefit Society. The clerk to the parish council was also the assistant overseer. The registrar of births, deaths and marriages for the sub-district of Shipston-on-Stour was also a relieving & vaccination officer, and the collector to the guardians of Shipston-on-Stour union. In 1914 occupations remained much as previously, but with three fewer farmers listed and only one shopkeeper. A wheelwright is listed, not as part of a company, as is a cow keeper and a steam plough owner. The post office also now served as the local Telephone Call Office. Governance. From 1894 to 1935 Todenham was part of Campden Rural District after which, in 1974, part of North Cotswold Rural District, which was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972. Today lowest level administration is through Todenham Parish Council with seven elected councillors, whose remit includes overseeing the maintenance of bus shelters, grass verges, and notice boards, and planning application consultation. The next higher tier of government is Cotswold District Council, above this, Gloucestershire County Council. Todenham is represented in the UK Parliament House of Commons as part of the North Cotswolds constituency, its sitting MP being Sir Geoffrey Clifton-Brown of the Conservative Party. Prior to Brexit in"}, {"text": "2020, representation in the European Parliament was through the South West England constituency. Geography and community. Todenham civil parish approximates an oval in shape and is orientated north-east to south-west, approximately east to west at its widest, and north-east to south-west, and at the extreme north-east corner of Gloucestershire. It is bordered by the Warwickshire parishes of Stretton-on-Fosse and Tidmington (the boundaries formed by Knee Brook, a tributary of the River Stour), Burmington at the north, and Little Wolford and Great Wolford at the south-east. The River Stour at the north-east forms the parish boundary with Burmington. Adjacent Gloucestershire parishes are and Blockley (north-west) and Batsford (west) with borders defined by the streams Wolford Brook and Lemington Brook which run into Knee brook, and Moreton-in-Marsh at the south-west. The county town and city of Gloucester is to the south-west. Closest towns to Todenham village are Moreton-in-Marsh 3 miles to the south-west, and Shipston-on-Stour 3 miles to the north-east. The parish is entirely rural, of farms, fields, coppice woodland, lakes, dispersed businesses and residential properties, the only nucleated settlement being the village of Todenham. At the south-west of the parish, and next to the hamlet of Lower Lemington in Batsford, is"}, {"text": "a complex of commercial fishing lakes. Within the village is a village hall, The Farriers Arms public house next to St Thomas a Becket Church, a car hire company, and two bed & breakfast establishments; in the wider parish is a garden centre, at the east, and to the west of the village, an oriental craft products supplier. The principal road is Todenham Road which runs through the village, where it is called Main Street, and the whole length of the centre of the parish from the A3400 road at the north-east to Moreton-in-Marsh at the south-west. Two minor roads at the centre of the parish meet Todenham Road and lead to Great Wolford at the south-east and to the A429 (Fosse Way) at the north-west. The nearest railway station is at Moreton-in-Marsh on the Cotswold Line of the Great Western Railway. Bus services connect Todenham to Shipston-on-Stour, Moreton-in-Marsh, Stretton-on-Fosse, Burmington, Great and Little Wolford, Bourton-on-the-Hill, and Chipping Norton. Landmarks. Within Todenham is one Grade I, and 21 Grade II listed buildings and structures. The Grade I St Thomas a Becket Church (listed 1960), is largely 14th-century, of limestone, comprising a tower with octagonal spire, nave, chancel, chancel north chapel,"}, {"text": "north aisle, south transept, south porch, and vestry. A restoration of the early 16th century included the addition of the north chapel. Further restoration in 1879 was undertaken by J. E. K. Cutts. The church contains 14th-century piscina and sedilia, traces of medieval wall painting, a 12th-century font, an 18th- to early 19th-century pulpit, 19th-century stained glass, an 18th-century engraving of Thomas Merke, Todenham rector and former Bishop of Carlisle, and various monuments and memorials to members of the Van Notten-Pole family who were late 18th- to 20th-century lords of Todenham manor. Within the churchyard are four monuments to the Phillips family (two late 18th-century chest tombs and two headstones), one late 18th-century chest tomb to William Harbridge, and an unidentified 17th-century headstone, part of a group. The church is part of the Vale of Moreton St David's benefice of four churches (sharing the same rector), the others being St Mary's at Batsford, St Leonard's at Lower Lemington, and St James' at Longborough. At north-west from the church are Todenham Manor (listed 1985) and The Dower House (listed 1960). The early 19th-century ashlar and limestone U-plan Manor house was home to the Pole family. It was enlarged, including new facades,"}, {"text": "by Guy Dawber in 1890. The Dower House is a detached rectangular plan two-storey ashlar-faced house with a 1717 datestone. Opposite the church, on Todenham Road, is the Old Reading Room, or Church View (listed 1960), an 18th-century dressed limestone semi-detached building with a 1713 datestone, mullioned windows and gable dormers, which was further extended in the 18th and 19th century. Opposite the Old Reading Room, set against the churchyard wall and forming an L-plan with The Farriers public house, is the single storey red brick Blacksmith's Shop (listed 2008), a blacksmith's forge, dating to about 1757, which was extended in the mid- to late 19th century. The interior is separated into three rooms: the left, originally with terracotta tiled floor and with a double door entrance, a forge and two furnaces was likely used to shoe horses. The walls of the rooms have inset projecting iron spikes used to hang forging tools and forged items. Facing the church, between the left of The Blacksmiths Shop and the church lychgate, is a Sir Giles Gilbert Scott-designed cast iron K6 Telephone Kiosk (listed 1988), re-purposed as a book exchange repository. At south-east from the Old Reading Room, and on a private"}, {"text": "drive off Todenham Road, is Downbank Farmhouse (listed 1960). Dating to the late 17th to early 18th century, it is a rectangular plan two-storey house with wall courses of dressed limestone, mullioned casement windows and gable end chimney stacks. The house has single-storey extensions added in the 19th century: at the left red brick, at the right stone. Firs Farm (listed 1985), on Todenham Road south-west from the church, is a late 17th- to early 18th-century rectangular plan two-storey detached farmhouse with wall courses of dressed limestone, and three three-light mullioned windows with central casements on the first floor, and one off-centre from a central door, on the ground. The front face of the building has a stone lean-to up with to the eaves at the left, with inset mullioned window, and a single storey extension as a farm store to the right. At the south of the village approximately south-west from the church, around the junctions of Todenham Road and the roads to Great Wolford and the Fosse Way, are nine Grade II buildings. Two conjoined houses, nos. 19 and 20 Main Street (listed 1985), dating from the late 17th to the early 18th century, are of dressed limestone,"}, {"text": "and two-storeyed with mullioned casement windows, with the front facade at right angles to Main Street. A dormer window, a porch at no. 19, and a rear extension are 20th-century additions. Farther south is the former rectory (listed 1985), detached and dating to the 18th and early 19th century, with elements probably from the 17th. The house is of rectangular plan, of two storeys, with hipped roof and garret with dormers. The front facade has five 12-pane sash windows and a central porch with six panel double doors. A datestone of 1777 above the front door contains the motto \"For envy too small, for contempt too great\". The house, of 5,010 sq. ft. of internal space set in of grounds, and described as 'Toddenham Hall', was on the market in 2017 for a guide price of \u00a34.5m. At south from The Rectory at the junction of Todenham Road and the minor road to Fosse Way, is Cliff Cottage (listed 1985), detached and dating to the late 17th- to 18th century. This two-story house in dressed limestone has an entrance plank door offset to the left, each side of which are four stone mullioned windows each of two lights, and six-pane"}, {"text": "casements, two on the ground floor and two on the first. Above each window bay is a roof gabled dormer, with wood window frames reflecting those below. The central plank tie plate over the upper storey and the offset front portal may be an indication of two cottages converted to one. The detached 18th-century Orchard House (listed 1985), south from Cliff Cottage at the junction of Todenham Road and the minor road to Great Wolford (Wolford Road), is of two storeys in dressed limestone. The offset entrance portal with four-panel door and half-porch overhang, six steps higher than the street pavement level, has two bays of twelve-pane sash windows to the left, and one to the right. There are three chimney stacks: one at each gable end and one at eave level between the two left side window bays. On the west side of Todenham Road just inside the southern road entry sign to Todenham are Phillip's Farmhouse and Wyatts Farmhouse (both listed 1985), closely adjacent. Both are two-storey detached houses of dressed limestone, Phillip's, of rectangular plan, dates to the mid-19th century, and Wyatts, T-plan, to the late 17th to early 18th century. Phillip's windows are 19th-century metal casements."}, {"text": "Its porch, open sided with hipped roof, with first floor window forms a central bay; the bay either side with ground and first floor windows. A chimney stack is at each gable end. Wyatts' windows are stone mullioned, of irregular placement, and of three- and four lights. Farther north, at along the road to Fosse way from its junction with Todenham Road, are two farmhouses, one with a listed barn. Home Farmhouse (listed 1985 with its attached row cottages) dates to the late 18th- to early 19th century, its cottages to the 19th. The range is of dressed limestone, limestone rubble and tile roofs, with one cottage with some red brick infill in English garden wall bond. The farmhouse and its immediate cottage and the cottage at the right end of the range are of two storeys, with a one-storey residence with stable door entrance and ground to eave picture window between. The farmhouse, at the left of the range, is of three bays, the centre of entrance door and window above, those to the left and right of ground and first floor windows, all stone mullioned of four quartered lights with casements and hood moulds, the ground floor right"}, {"text": "only being a range of single lights. On the opposite side of the road to home Farmhouse is Dunsden Farmhouse (listed 1960). The rectangular plan detached house, in dressed limestone with limestone slate roof, dates mostly to the late 17th century; a datestone on a rear wing giving 1647. It is of two storeys plus an attic with three casement gable dormers, and with three chimney stacks, one at each gable end and one off-centre left. The fascia is of four bays, with the entrance door in the second bay from right. The window openings are inset with 20th-century mullions, transoms and glazing bars. At north from Dunsden Farmhouse is a barn (listed 1960), in part possibly 17th century, but dated by tie beam initials to 1718 at the time the barn was re-roofed. Altered in the 19th century, it is of elongated rectangular plan, and of dressed limestone with some brick infill and weather boarding. Appearing single storey on its south side, with two ground-to-eave wooden barn doors and a stable door, the north side is two storey, with two ground-to-eave window and floor pier insets. Today the barn is converted to residential use. Listed outside the village in"}, {"text": "Todenham parish are a further farmhouse and a bridge. Mount Sorrel Farmhouse (listed 1985) is a late 18th- to early 19th-century farmhouse with a mid-19th-century extension, at the extreme southern edge of the parish on the road to Great Wolford (Wolford Road), and south from the village parish church. Its main body facade is of dressed limestone and ashlar, of two storeys and attic, and three bays: the central bay of panelled entrance door with first floor window above; the bays left and right of ground floor and first floor windows. All windows are sash with twelve panes. The tiled roof has two gable dormers and a chimney stack at each gable end. The two-storey extension, at the right, which runs at right angles to and projects slightly forward of the main body is in Flemish bond, with door on front face with twelve-pane sash window on the above first floor. Pack horse bridge (listed 1985), over Knee Brook at the northern edge of the parish and north from the village parish church, dates to the 16th century but was rebuilt in the 18th. Constructed of dressed limestone, it is of two arches with central pier."}]