[{"text": "Chalkwell is an electoral ward of Southend-on-Sea. The ward has existed since the creation of the district on 1 April 1974 and first used at the 1973 elections. The ward returns three councillors to Southend-on-Sea City Council for a four-year term at staggered elections in three years out of four. It was subject to boundary revisions in 1976 and 2001. The ward covers Chalkwell. List of councillors. The ward has been represented by three councillors since the first election in 1973. Southend-on-Sea council elections since 2001. There was a revision of ward boundaries in Southend-on-Sea in 2001. Chalkwell ward lost some territory to Leigh. All seats were up for election in 2001. The subsequent election cycle for the first Chalkwell seat was 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2018 and 2022. The cycle for the second seat was 2003, 2007, 2011, 2015, 2019 and 2023. The cycle for the third seat was 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016, 2021 and 2024. 2024 election. The election took place on 2 May 2024. 2023 election. The election took place on 4 May 2023. 2022 election. The election took place on 4 May 2022. 2021 election. The election took place on 6 May 2021. 2019 election. The"}, {"text": "election took place on 2 May 2019. 2018 election. The election took place on 3 May 2018. 2016 election. The election took place on 5 May 2016. 2015 election. The election took place on 7 May 2015. 2014 election. The election took place on 22 May 2014. 2012 election. The election took place on 3 May 2012. 2011 election. The election took place on 5 May 2011. 2010 election. The election took place on 6 May 2010. 2008 election. The election took place on 1 May 2008. 2007 election. The election took place on 3 May 2007. 2006 election. The election took place on 4 May 2006. 2005 by-election. The by-election took place on 5 May 2005. 2004 election. The election took place on 10 June 2004. 2003 election. The election took place on 1 May 2003. 2002 election. The election took place on 2 May 2002. 2001 election. The election took place on 7 June 2001. 1997\u20132001 Southend-on-Sea council elections. The electoral cycle was restarted on 1 May 1997 without change of ward boundaries, to coincide with Southend-on-Sea Borough Council becoming a unitary authority on 1 April 1998. All seats were up for election in 1997. 2000 election. The"}, {"text": "election took place on 4 May 2000. 1999 election. The election took place on 6 May 1999. 1998 by-election. The by-election took place on 19 February 1998. 1997 election. The election took place on 1 May 1997. 1976\u20131997 Southend-on-Sea council elections. There was a revision of ward boundaries in Southend-on-Sea in 1976. 1996 election. The election took place on 2 May 1996. 1995 election. The election took place on 4 May 1995. 1994 election. The election took place on 5 May 1994. 1992 election. The election took place on 7 May 1992. 1991 election. The election took place on 2 May 1991. 1990 election. The election took place on 3 May 1990. 1988 election. The election took place on 5 May 1988. 1987 election. The election took place on 7 May 1987. 1986 election. The election took place on 8 May 1986. 1984 election. The election took place on 3 May 1984. 1983 election. The election took place on 5 May 1983. 1982 election. The election took place on 6 May 1982. 1980 election. The election took place on 1 May 1980. 1979 election. The election took place on 3 May 1979. 1978 election. The election took place on 4"}, {"text": "May 1978. 1976 election. The election took place on 6 May 1976. 1973\u20131976 Southend-on-Sea council elections. Chalkwell ward has existed since the creation of the district of Southend-on-Sea on 1 April 1974. The predecessor Borough of Southend-on-Sea had a Chalkwell ward from at least 1910. 1973 election. The election took place on 10 May 1973."}, {"text": "The Lute Player is an oil painting on canvas executed ca. 1514\u20131516 by the Italian Renaissance painter Giovanni Cariani, now in the Mus\u00e9e des Beaux-Arts in Strasbourg, France. Its inventory number is 236. History. In 1899 Adolfo Venturi adjudged the work to be \"too high quality to be by Cariani\", but Wilhelm von Bode attributed it to Cariani. Bode acquired it from a private Venetian collection in 1890; it entered the Strasbourg museum the following year. Since then it has also been attributed to Giorgione or in 1932 by some art historians to Palma il Vecchio, but is now seen as sharing all the basic characteristics of works securely attributed to Cariani."}, {"text": "The 1978 Mexico City WCT was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Mexico City, Mexico. The event was part of the World Championship Tennis series of tournaments that were incorporated into the 1978 Grand Prix circuit. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from 30 January until 5 February 1978. First-seeded Ra\u00fal Ram\u00edrez won the singles title, his second at the event after 1976. Finals. Singles. Ra\u00fal Ram\u00edrez defeated Pat DuPr\u00e9, 6\u20134, 6\u20131 Doubles. Sashi Menon / Gene Mayer defeated Marcello Lara / Ra\u00fal Ram\u00edrez, 6\u20133, 7\u20136"}, {"text": "Honarmand is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:"}, {"text": "Bella Coola Transit System provides transit services in the Bella Coola Valley of British Columbia. The system is served by community shuttle-type buses from Monday to Saturday. Routes. Scheduled services. On-request service and flag-service at non-designated stops is provided."}, {"text": "Into the Badlands may refer to:"}, {"text": "Thelonious Monk Quintet (with Frank Foster, Art Blakey) is a studio album by American jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk, performed by the Thelonious Monk Quintet. It was originally released in 1954 as the third of five 10\" LP albums by Monk for Prestige (PrLP 180). Its contents were later re-released in sequence as side 1 of the 12-inch album \"Monk.\" It has rarely been re-released in its original format, although it was included in a boxed set by Craft Recordings in a limited edition in 2017. Track listing. All compositions by Thelonious Monk, except where noted. Side A: Side B:"}, {"text": "Helen Dacre is a British scientist and athlete. She is currently professor of dynamical meteorology at the University of Reading. Her work on modelling and predicting the path of the Eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull volcanic ash plume was pivotal in the reopening of European airspace in a timely manner. She has previously represented Great Britain in water polo at the European, Commonwealth and World Championships. Sporting career. Dacre represented Great Britain at a number of international water polo competitions. At the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona, Dacre was a regular fixture in the GB line up. Research career. Dacre's research focuses on the development of extratropical cyclones, pollution transport through the atmosphere and volcanic ash dispersion. Her cyclone tracking algorithms are in widespread operational use. Dacre's volcanic ash dispersion model is central to the Met Office aviation safety forecasts. Following the 2010 eruption of Iceland's Eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull volcano, European airspace was closed with a cost to the global airline industry an estimated $200 million per day Dacre's assessment of the accuracy of ash models is credited with reducing airspace closure times, in particular reducing the economic impact of the 2011 Gr\u00edmsv\u00f6tn eruption."}, {"text": "The Mestre Altarpiece was a c. 1500\u20131502 altarpiece by Cima da Conegliano. The side panels of \"Saint Roch\" and \"Saint Sebastian\" from the work are now in the Mus\u00e9e des Beaux-Arts in Strasbourg, whilst the central section showing \"St Catherine of Alexandria\" and the lunette of \"Madonna and Child between St Dominic and St Francis\" are both in the Wallace Collection in London. The central section is signed on a pedestal \"JOANIS BABTISTE CONEGLANESIS OPUS\". The work was commissioned by the church of San Rocco in Mestre. After the 1630 plague it was swapped for a marble altarpiece and Cima's work was moved to San Lorenzo church, where it was forgotten. A poor copy, probably produced in the late 18th century, is still in the sacristy of San Lorenzo. Cima's work was later acquired by John Strange, English resident in Venice, before the end of the 18th century. It was then sold at Stanley's on 12 June 1834 and was split up between 1832 and 1857\u2014the latter was the date the central portion was first recorded at Thirlestaine House. After an attempt by Ludwig, M. Cook was the first to reconstruct the altarpiece thanks to discovering a relatively faithful 18th-century"}, {"text": "engraving of the whole work produced by Baratta."}, {"text": "The 2019 Pan American Aerobic Gymnastics Championships were held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from October 10 to 13, 2019. The competition was approved by the International Gymnastics Federation."}, {"text": "The 2011 Spokane mayoral election took place on November 8, 2011, to elect the mayor of Spokane, Washington. It saw David Condon unseat incumbent mayor Mary Verner. Results. Primary. Washington has a nonpartisan blanket primary system. The top two-finishers in the primary face each other in the general election. The primary was held on August 16, 2011."}, {"text": "Arnold Stuart Zuboff (born 1946) is an American philosopher. He is the original formulator of the Sleeping Beauty problem. Zuboff has worked on topics such as personal identity, the philosophy of mind, ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, the philosophy of probability, and a view analogous to open individualism\u2014the position that there is one subject of experience, who is everyone\u2014which he calls \"universalism\". Early life and education. Arnold Stuart Zuboff was born in 1946. He was raised in West Hartford, Connecticut. Zuboff received a BA in philosophy from the University of Connecticut in 1968, and attended Princeton University Graduate School until 1972. In 2009, he successfully defended his thesis titled \"Time, Self, and Sleeping Beauty\", under the supervision of his doctoral advisor, Thomas Nagel. His examiners were Gilbert Harman, Adam Elga, John P. Burgess, Alexander Nehamas, and Nagel. Career. Zuboff lectured at the University College London's Department of Philosophy from 1974 till his retirement in 2011. He is now an Honorary Senior Research Associate. Personal life. Zuboff created a series of paintings and poems inspired by his dreams between the ages of 18 and 21, which he has made available online. Zuboff was a close friend and engaged in philosophical discussions with the"}, {"text": "Canadian philosopher G. A. Cohen."}, {"text": "Daviot Castle was a 15th-century castle, about southeast of Inverness, Highland, Scotland, and west of the River Nairn at Daviot. Also known as Strathnairn Castle, its remains are designated as a scheduled monument. History. A castle was built at the property by the Moravia family. The later castle was constructed by the Lindsay Earls of Crawford, probably David Lindsay, 1st Earl of Crawford. The Mackintoshes acquired it and built the house nearby. A green-veined stone axe head was found on the property in 1856 and was exhibited by Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland in Edinburgh. Structure. Daviot Castle had both a keep and a courtyard. It is thought that it occupied the flat top of the small promontory which runs north from the present Daviot House. There were steep natural slopes defending it to the north, west and east. There were a dry-ditch and drawbridge, probably to the south, but there is now no trace of this ditch. The castle was probably square in shape with four circular towers on its corners. The walls, towers and part of the gate were still intact at the beginning of the 18th century and the ruins still existed in 1840. They"}, {"text": "were subsequently destroyed to provide lime for manure. The surviving remains consist of a tower of rubbled masonry, a stub section of adjacent curtain wall, and the foundations of the south east tower. The surviving tower is believed to be that of the north east corner of the castle; its walls are thick and its interior height ranges from on its east side to flush with the ground on the west. The wall section is thick and its height varies from ."}, {"text": "Mashreq University is a private university located in Khartoum North in Sudan. Started in 2003 as Al-Mashreq College for Science and Technology, it was granted full university status in 2010 by the Sudanese Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. The university offers more than 29 study programs, including Medicine and Laboratory Sciences, Engineering, Information Technology, Media, Economics, and Business Administration. English was the language of instruction in Sudanese universities, but since the early 1990s all curricula have been Arabized in Sudanese colleges; Mashreq University teaches in English and Arabic."}, {"text": "Vaza Jato, roughly meaning Car Wash Leaks (a word play with \"Operation Car Wash\" and \"Leaks\" \u2013 \"Lava Jato\" and \"Vaza\", in Portuguese), is the term used by the Brazilian press for leaked conversations in the Telegram app about the actions, decisions and positions of officials conducting investigations for Operation Car Wash (\"Opera\u00e7\u00e3o Lava Jato\"). These officials include former judge Sergio Moro and prosecutor Deltan Dallagnol. The conversations were reported by the journalist Glenn Greenwald of \"The Intercept Brasil\" and by Brazilian conservative magazine \"Veja\" in June 2019. The transcripts of the private chats would indicate that Moro provided insider information to prosecutors, assisting the Federal Prosecutor's Office (MPF) in building cases, as well as directing the prosecution, requesting operations against relatives of witnesses, suggesting modification in the phases of the Lava Jato operation. They also showed agility in new operations, strategic advice, providing informal clues, and resource suggestions to the MPF to convict the former Brazilian President Luiz In\u00e1cio Lula da Silva on corruption charges. The leaks had wide repercussions. Sergio Moro, the Car Wash task force and the MPF, to defend themselves against the accusations, questioned the authenticity and origin of the data. Chronology. On June 9, 2019,"}, {"text": "\"The Intercept Brasil\" published three articles showing internal discussions, coordinated by prosecutor Dallagnol, in collaboration with former judge Moro. The three articles were summarized in two articles into English: Part 1 and Part 2. The exchanges were highly controversial, politicized and legally dubious attitudes of the Car Wash task force. \"The Intercept\", in this phase, explains how and why they are publishing private chats about Car Wash and Sergio Moro. The reporters also show that the Car Wash prosecutors secretly plotted to prevent Lula from being interviewed before the elections for fear that he would help \u2018elect Haddad\u2019 and, additionally, that Dallagnol doubted the evidence against Lula and Petrobras' bribery hours before the denunciation of the triplex. In Part 4, the conversation shows that the judge, not the prosecutors, was in charge of the investigation. He suggested that investigators change the order of phases of the Car Wash, called for agility in new operations, gave strategic advice and informal clues, anticipated a decision he would rectify, criticized and suggested appeals to the Public Prosecutor's Office and scolded Dallagnol. Investigative reports surfaced in the midst of a deep political, economic and social crisis that Brazil is going through. For years, various"}, {"text": "sectors of society have denounced deviations, abuses and unconstitutional actions committed by the Car Wash operation. The following day, conservative newspaper \"O Globo\" and other media attacked the veracity of some facts in the article. On June 12, 2019, Greenwald published the entire reserved dialogues, from October 2015 to September 2017, relevant to the report published on June 9 (Part 5). Telegram messages leaked between Moro and Dallagnol, now included Luiz Fux, Minister of Justice of the Supreme Federal Court. The messages show evidence of pressure from Moro, current Justice Minister of Jair Bolsonaro, to speed up the ruling despite the lack of evidence. Moro stated, in order to calm down the prosecutors about an appeal: \"\"In Fux we trust\". Due to the political-party bias implicit in the dissemination of messages, on June 14, 2019, left-wing parties asked for the resignation of the Minister of Justice. Moro responded that he will not step down from his post and that he was the target of a cyber attack and that the country is facing \"a crime in progress\", promoted by a large professional criminal organization. On the same day, a Congressman from Bolsonaro's party explicitly was threatening Greenwald with arrest and/or"}, {"text": "deportation for reporting on the \"massive improprieties of Bolsonaro's Justice Minister and the prosecutors who imprisoned Lula\"\". Reacting to the \"Vaza Jato\" expos\u00e9, Rep. Ro Khanna and Sen. Bernie Sanders joined the Free Lula Movement and each raised concerns over Lula's continued imprisonment and the Bolsonaro government's involvement in the scandal. On June 12, 2019, Brazilian conservative magazine \"Veja\" published a report accusing Moro of \u201cillegally\u201d steering prosecutors as they worked to convict Brazilian politicians and \"overstepping his role as judge\", claiming that its journalists had spent a fortnight pouring over nearly 650,000 leaked messages between officials involved in the investigation, and concluded the former judge was guilty of serious \u201cirregularities\u201d. Following the report, Moro released a statement condemning \u201cthe distorted and sensationalist diffusion of supposed messages obtained by criminal means\u201d. \"The Intercept\" and the Associated Press reported that the requested case documents about Lula's investigation before the case became public, and Moro authorized the information to be sent to the Justice Department through unofficial channels. On August 20, 2019, US representative Hank Johnson (D\u2013GA) and his colleagues sent a letter to then Attorney General William Barr stating that \"The Intercept\" published leaked communications between Judge Moro and senior prosecutors"}, {"text": "that \"reveal close collaboration\" and \"reports of collusive actions aimed at building a case against former president Lula\u201d. Rep. Johnson requested the DOJ to inform if the \"DOJ agents aware of collusive actions involving Judge Moro \u2026\". The Brazilian Congress identified at least 13 FBI agents involved with Moro and Dallagnol to collect secret court files. In exchange for these files and other information, that would help the prosecution of Brazilian companies under the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), U.S. authorities would share part of the fines to Moro and the Brazilian prosecutorial authorities involved with the Lava Jato operation, in order to the create a private foundation totally administered and controlled by the same Brazilian prosecutors. In July, 2020, 77 members of Congress sent a letter to their U.S. counterparts, requesting that the Americans \u201cadopt the appropriate legislative measures\u201d and \u201chold those responsible agents and officials accountable\u201d. In July 2021, Congressman Hank Johnson requested from Attorney General, Merrick Garland to inform the Congress what was the role of the DOJ agents in the Car Wash operation and what role DOJ played in the political persecution of Lula da Silva. Congressman Johnson also additionally, informed the Attorney General that"}, {"text": "Rep. Johnson had never received an adequate response from the Barr DOJ about the issue his letter sent in August 2019."}, {"text": "Claudia Clopath is a Professor of Computational Neuroscience at Imperial College London and research leader at the Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour. She develops mathematical models to predict synaptic plasticity for both medical applications and the design of human-like machines. Early life and education. Clopath studied physics at \u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne. She remained there for her graduate studies, where she worked alongside Wulfram Gerstner. Together they worked on models of spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STPD) that included both the presynaptic and postsynaptic membrane potentials. After earning her PhD she worked as a postdoctoral fellow with Nicolas Brunel at Paris Descartes University. She subsequently joined Columbia University where she worked in the Center for Theoretical Neuroscience. Research and career. Clopath uses mathematical models to predict synaptic plasticity and to study the implications of synaptic plasticity in artificial neural networks. These models can explain the origins of vibrations in neural networks, and could determine the activities of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. She used this model to explain that inhibitory neurons are important in the determination of the oscillatory frequency of a network. She hopes that the models she generates of the brain will be able to be used in"}, {"text": "medical applications as well as designing machines that can achieve human-like learning. She has studied the connections of nerve cells in the visual cortex. The model developed by Clopath, Sandra Sadeh and Stefan Rotter at the Bernstein Center Freiburg was the first to combine biological neural networks in a computational neural network. It allows users to make visual system nerve cells able to detect different features, as well as coordinating the synapses between cells. It can be used to understand how nerve cells develop as they receive information from each eye. Clopath has worked with DeepMind to create artificial intelligence systems that can be applied to multiple tasks, making them able to remember information or master a series of steps. Together Clopath and DeepMind used synaptic consolidation, a mechanism that allows neural networks to remember. The algorithm, Elastic Weight Consolidation, can compute how important different connections in a neural network are, and apply a weighting factor that dictates its importance. This determines the rate at which values of a node within the neural network are altered. They demonstrated that software that used Elastic Weight Consolidation could learn and achieve human-level performance in ten games. Developing machine learning systems for continual"}, {"text": "learning tasks has become the focus of Clopath's research, using computational models in recurrent neural networks to establish how inhibition gates synaptic plasticity. In 2015 she was awarded a Google Faculty Research Award."}, {"text": "was a Japanese voice actor who was best known as the voice of Anakaris, Bishamon, Sasquatch, and Victor von Gerdenheim (\"Darkstalkers\")."}, {"text": "The 2019 World Beach Games were held in Doha, Qatar, from 12 to 16 October 2019."}, {"text": "Thelonious Monk Plays (with Percy Heath and Art Blakey) is a 10\" LP by American jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk, performed by the Thelonious Monk Trio. It was originally released in 1954 as the fourth of five 10\" albums by Monk for Prestige (PrLP 189). Its contents were later split between the two 12-inch albums \"Thelonious Monk Trio\" (side B of this record) and \"Thelonious Monk and Sonny Rollins\" (side A of this record). It has rarely been re-released in its original format, although it was included in a boxed set by Craft Records in a limited edition in 2017. Track listing. All compositions by Thelonious Monk, except where noted. Side A: Side B:"}, {"text": "Adelsk (; ; ; ) is an agrotown in Grodno District, Grodno Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Adelsk selsoviet. It is located close to the border with Poland and from Grodno. Its population is estimated at 661 inhabitants. History. Early history. It was granted town rights in 1546 by Queen consort of Poland Bona Sforza, confirmed by King Stephen Bathory in 1580. It was a royal town of the Polish\u2013Lithuanian Commonwealth, administratively located in the Trakai Voivodeship in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1795, Adelsk was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia in the course of the Third Partition of Poland and it became a part of New East Prussia. In 1807, the Treaties of Tilsit transferred Odelsk to the Russian Empire. Adelsk became a part of Grodno Governorate. 20th century. On 18 March 1921, the Peace of Riga between Poland on the one hand and Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine on the other hand defined Odelsk as a part of Poland. It was administratively located in the Sok\u00f3\u0142ka County in the Bia\u0142ystok Voivodeship. According to the 1921 census, the population was 91.2% Polish and 8.6% Jewish. World War II. In September 1939, the Red"}, {"text": "Army occupied Odelsk in the course of the Soviet invasion of Poland. On 14 November 1939, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union incorporated Western Belorussia, including Odelsk, into the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. On 4 December 1939, Odelsk became a part of the newly created Belastok Region. During the Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland The Soviets deported the Marcinowicz family and the Budrewicz family. In 1941, During the German occupation, the active organizer of the underground cells in the commune was W\u0142adys\u0142aw Szupicki, the post manager in Sok\u00f3\u0142ka. During the retreat, the Germans looked for hills and places convenient to stop the advancing Soviets and took people from nearby villages to dig trenches. For this purpose, they brought the inhabitants on trucks to the Indura area, near the village of Lik\u00f3wka. When a crowd of people got out of the vehicles, they were caught in massive fire from Soviet artillery, which killed over 70 people. Post-war. After the war, the village was included in the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, even though the Curzon Line passed two kilometers east of the village, according to locals because the village contained few stone structures, which the Soviets wished to have for their"}, {"text": "use. After the incorporation into the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, a group of 200 people fled to Poland. The others would be imprisoned for 25 years. After Stalin's death, everyone was released, and many went to Poland, although they were also under surveillance in their home country. In 1951, the boys escaped to the shelters from conscription to the Soviet Army. They were captured and convicted and imprisoned for 5\u201310 years. In the 1950s, nearly 100 of the town's 1,000 inhabitants were in prison."}, {"text": "Howard Lewis may refer to:"}, {"text": "Sonny Rollins and Thelonious Monk [Quartet] is a 10\" LP by American jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk, performed by a quartet featuring Rollins and Monk. It was originally released in 1954 as the fifth of five 10\" LPs featuring Monk for Prestige (PrLP 190). (The word \"Quartet\" appeared in the title only on the label.) Its contents were later split between the two 12-inch albums \"Thelonious Monk and Sonny Rollins\" and the Sonny Rollins album \"Moving Out\". It has rarely been re-released in its original format, although it was included in a limited edition boxed set by Craft Records in 2017. Track listing. Side A: Side B:"}, {"text": "The Rotterdamse Kunststichting RKS (\"Rotterdam Arts Council\") was an independent foundation to promote art and culture in Rotterdam from 1945 to 2005. In 2005 the foundation merged into the Rotterdam Council for Art and Culture, an advisory body, while the other tasks were transferred to the Art and Culture department of the municipality of Rotterdam. The foundation funded by the municipality had an advisory role towards the municipality and local art institutions, provided subsidies to institutions and projects, and developed initiatives of its own. In its sixty years of existence, the foundation contributed to the reconstruction of the city, offered a base for Poetry International and the International Film Festival Rotterdam, and contributed to Rotterdam becoming the European Capital of Culture in 2001. History. Foundation. The Rotterdamse Kunststichting was founded in August 1945 to help promote the art climate in the city. The initiative was set in motion by The Hague policy officer Hendrik Jan Reinink (1901\u20131979), Secretary-General of the Ministry of Education, Arts and Sciences from 1945 to 1955. Reinink wanted to take the financing of the arts outside of national and local government by establishing a national art institution with departments in all Dutch cities to manage and"}, {"text": "distribute the art subsidy locally. Partly due to the driving force of Eduard Reeser, such an institution was established in Rotterdam in a short period of time just after the war. In other cities there were similar intentions, which however didn't manage to get off the ground. The Rotterdamse Kunststichting got its first board in 1946, with Willy Hofman as the first director. He was assigned a civil servant as secretary, who was as well responsible for the municipal art policy. The foundation at first took office in the city hall of Rotterdam. They moved their office to the Zoutmanstraat in 1953, due to the prompted desire to take a more independent course. Early years. In the early post-war years the foundation played an important role in the rebuilding of a cultural infrastructure of the city. To took control of restored and newly constructed buildings, such as the temporary Rotterdamse Schouwburg in 1948, the Ahoy hall in 1950, the avant-garde film theater 't Venster in 1953, and the De Lantaren theater in 1956. After their completion the buildings itself were transferred to the responsible municipal service, from 1966 the Municipal Art Buildings Department. The Rotterdamse Kunststichting took control of the"}, {"text": "operations of the various cultural institutions. The Rotterdamse Kunststichting had also started an annual provision of commissions to artists at the municipal level. [2] A start was also made with the International Sculpture Collection, which would culminate in the Sculpture Route Westersingel. However, the years remained poor for Rotterdam, on the one hand, because a lot of cultural activity had left for Amsterdam. On the other hand, plans remained on the shelf due to lack of money, such as the idea of a central arts center suggested by Ludo Pieters, the then chairman of the Rotterdam Art Circle. From 1950 onwards, the tokens of the Rotterdamse Kunststichting became the medals of the Leuve, the Maze, the Rotte and the Merwe. Since his appointment as director, Willy Hofman has been responsible for the Rotterdamse Schouwburg, the Luxor Theater and the municipal artists' studios. More theaters were managed under Hofman, including the Hofpleintheater, Piccolo Theater, De Doelen and the Zuidplein Theater. For programming, he came up with the so-called face philosophy, which meant that each theater had to radiate its own face or character. When Hofman became director of the new Municipal Art Buildings Department (DGK) in 1966, the management of the"}, {"text": "theater buildings was transferred there. Poetry International. Adriaan van der Staay was appointed director in 1968. The following year, Van der Staay and Martin Mooij, head of the letter department, took the initiative to Poetry International. During a joint visit to the Poetry International Festival in London, they gained the necessary inspiration and contacts for a similar initiative in Rotterdam. In the following year, the first Rotterdam Poetry International took place in the small hall of concert hall De Doelen. Twenty-three poets were guests, including the Polish Zbigniew Herbert, the French Eug\u00e8ne Guillevic and the Austrian Ernst Jandl. Among the guests in later years were Wole Soyinka, Seamus Heaney, Czes\u0142aw Mi\u0142osz, Joseph Brodsky and Tomas Transtr\u00f6mer. Lijnbaancentrum. In 1970 the Lijnbaancentrum on the Korte Lijnbaan was opened on the initiative of the Rotterdamse Kunststichting with the support of the Art Foundation. This exhibition space was led by Felix Valk (1927\u20131999), head of exhibitions at the Art Foundation and the later director of the Museum of Ethnology in Rotterdam. The Lijnbaan Center presented experimental exhibitions on a broad spectrum of art, image and mass culture, where it wanted to appeal to a wide audience. For example, Robin Page, the first-ever Fluxus"}, {"text": "artist, had an exhibition with his colonial humorous art there in early 1975, where he talked people in through a video message on the street. Arts Lab De Lantaren. In 1970, the Rotterdamse Kunststichting opened an arts lab in the renovated theater Lantaarn with a graphic workshop and its own video studio led by Rommert Boonstra. It also had an exhibition space, organized courses, hosted the first Film International festival, came up with its own Perfo festival, and offered remarkable pop concerts. The Hard Werken collective later emerged from the graphic workshop. In the video studio, video art was produced by artists such as Vito Acconci, Joan Jonas, Nan Hoover, Wim Gijzen and Jan van Munster. They received support from a video team from the Kunststichting, including Wink van Kempen. In 1984 the Lijnbaancentrum was closed due to budget cuts. Film International. The third initiative of the Rotterdamse Kunststichting under Adriaan van der Staay in the 1970s was the Film International festival, which was delegated to Huub Bals (1937\u20131988) to take the lead. Huub Bals wanted to show small, unknown films from all parts of the world at the festival. Personal and artistic films were preferred to commercial films from"}, {"text": "Hollywood. The first Film International organized in 1972 from the Arts Lab De Lantaren and held in 't Venster and the Calypso cinema. In total, about 31 films were shown, which attracted a total of 5000 visitors. The name of the festival was changed into International Film Festival Rotterdam (IFFR), and has since been held annually in January. Rotterdam Center for Visual Arts. After the introduction of the Visual Artists Regulation (Beeldende Kunstenaars Regeling BKR) in 1945, a considerable collection of municipal art property had been collected over the years. In 1974 the Professional Association of Visual Artists (Beroepsvereniging van Beeldende Kunstenaars BBK) in Rotterdam proposed to make this collection available through an art library. With the help of the Rotterdamse Kunststichting, the Rijnmond Artotheek was opened on the Voorhaven in Delfshaven. In the 1970s, the municipality started the Visual Arts Office (Bureau Beeldende Kunst), where individual artists could apply for grants. At the end of the 1970s, this service was merged with the Artotheek, and in 1982 moved to a corner building on the Nieuwe Binnenweg. Following the idea of the NRC Handelsblad art critic Dolf Welling (1919-2015) it was named the \"Centrum Beeldende Kunst\" (Center for Visual Arts),"}, {"text": "the first in the Netherlands. In addition to an exhibition space and art library, a documentation center was also set up. After 24 years, the location on the Nieuwe Binnenweg moved to the City Triangle in 2016. Rotterdam Festivals. After 1945, large public events were regularly held in Rotterdam. That started with the Rotterdam Ahoy! exhibition in 1950. Subsequently, the National Energy Manifestation 1955, the Floriade 1960, and the manifestation \"Communicatie 70\" were organized. In the 1970s, the Rotterdamse Kunststichting had explicitly focused on internationalization and mass culture, which began in the field of poetry and films. In addition, festivals were established in the field of architecture, pop music and performance art. A large-scale manifestation around the 650th anniversary of Rotterdam in 1990 was not a resounding success. It led in 1993 to the establishment of the Rotterdam Festivals knowledge center, which was to coordinate festivals and events. It was laid down in a festival formula that festivals to be organized should contribute to strengthening the identity and profile of the city and to its economic development. In addition, they should encourage collaboration between the Rotterdam art institutions. Rotterdam Festivals was set up as a knowledge center to coordinate festivals"}, {"text": "and events in Rotterdam. Exhibitions and publications. Over the years the Rotterdamse Kunststichting participated in numerous art and design publications. They published books on artists and designers such as Homero Aridjis, Toeti Heraty, Ajip Rosidi and Lotte Stam-Beese. In 1990 in cooperation with Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen and the Centrum Beeldende Kunst Rotterdam (CBK) they created the exhibition \"Rotterdam Assorti\" in the former Holland America Line head office, now Hotel New York. The exhibition was curated by Jan van Adrichem for Boymans, Ove Lucas for the CBK, and Thomas Meyer zu Schlochtern for the RKS. In 1993 Thomas Meyer for the RKS curated the exhibition \"Verwantschaften\" in the Rotterdam Kunsthal. In 1996 the Rotterdam Arts Council offered a shelter for the first European Manifesta exhibition in Rotterdam, which had been set to happen in Nicosia, Cyprus. Rotterdam Design Awards. In 1993 the Rotterdamse Kunststichting initiated the Rotterdam Design Award with Christine de Baan as its founding director. It was presented as the most important prize for Dutch design and designers in the Netherlands. From a few hundred applications about forty designs and designers were nominated, from which a jury choose one winner and about five recommendation. The nominees were exhibited"}, {"text": "at the Kunsthal Rotterdam, where at the end of the exhibition the prize was awarded. Aftermaths. The last director was Robert R. de Haas, previously director of the Rijksdienst Beeldende Kunst (RBK). Under his rule, Rotterdam became the European Capital of Culture in 2001. In addition, he has encouraged new developments for dance in the city. Among other things, he established the HipHopHuis in Rotterdam. In 2003 a broad restructuring operation started in the Rotterdam sector of art and culture. A number of municipal activities in that area were privatized. And a new Art and Culture Service and a Rotterdam Council for Art and Culture were initiated. Rotterdam Council for Art and Culture. On 7 June 2005, the municipality of Rotterdam established the Rotterdam Council for Art and Culture as a new official advisory body. The Rotterdamse Kunststichting was thereby maintained as an independent legal entity and employer for the people of the office of the Rotterdam Council for Art and Culture. The management and distribution of arts subsidies, a task that the Rotterdamse Kunststichting had taken care of for 60 years, was transferred to the Art and Culture department of the municipality of Rotterdam. Organization. Over the years, the"}, {"text": "directors of the Rotterdamse Kunststichting have each left their mark on the foundation and the course to be sailed. In total there have been the following six directors: In the independent foundation, the director was accountable to the board. This board consisted of a broad mix of people from business, politics and the cultural sector. The first chairman of the board of the Rotterdamse Kunststichting in 1945 was Cees van der Leeuw. Later presidents were Ludo Pieters until the 1980s, who previously as chairman of the Rotterdam art circle had been a regular member of the board, and George Brouwer from 1999 to 2012. Another prominent board member was J.C. Ebbinge Wubben, who from 1945 to 1978 was director of Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen. With the start of the Rotterdam Council for Art and Culture it held fifteen members under the chairmanship of Micky Teenstra-Verhaar."}, {"text": "Thelonious Monk Quintet Blows for LP (featuring Sonny Rollins) is a 10\" LP by American jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk, performed by Monk's Quintet. It was originally released in 1954 as the second of five 10-inch LP albums by Monk for Prestige (PrLP 166). Its contents were later split between the two 12-inch albums \"Monk\" and \"Thelonious Monk and Sonny Rollins\". It has rarely been re-released in its original format, although it was included in a boxed set by Craft Records in a limited edition in 2017. Some copies of the album cover simply read \"Thelonious with Sonny Rollins.\" The original title draws attention to the fact that this is the first time Monk took advantage of the potential extended playing time of the new \"long playing\" LP record. Each of the performances goes significantly past the playing time possible on a 10\" 78 rpm single record. \"Let's Call This\" and \"Think of One\" were also placed back-to-back on a 45 rpm \"Extended Play\" (EP) record (PrEP 1352). Track listing. All compositions by Thelonious Monk, except where noted. Side A: Side B:"}, {"text": "Thelonious is a 10\" LP by American jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk, performed by the Thelonious Monk Trio. It was originally released in 1953 as the first of five 10\" LP studio albums by Monk for Prestige (PrLP 142), and was later expanded into the 12-inch album \"Thelonious Monk Trio\" with the addition of two non-chronological later tracks. It has rarely been re-released in its original format, although it was included in a boxed set by Craft Records in a limited edition in 2017. The album features his earliest recordings for the Prestige label, performed with bassist Gary Mapp, and alternately Art Blakey and Max Roach on drums. Track listing. All compositions by Thelonious Monk, except where noted. Side A: Side B: Singles and EPs. A notable feature of these eight recordings is their brevity. Like the Blue Note recordings before them, it appears these performances were kept short such that they could be simultaneously released on 45 and 78 rpm singles and EPs. And, in fact, most of these selections were released in that format at the time, as well: The next batch of recordings Monk produced for Prestige saw him beginning to take advantage of the longer"}, {"text": "LP format."}, {"text": "Sonic Citadel is the seventh studio album by American noise rock band Lightning Bolt. It was released in October 2019 under Thrill Jockey Records."}, {"text": "Mendicant monasteries in Mexico were among the architectural solutions devised by the friars of the mendicant orders in the 16th century to aid in the evangelization of New Spain. These buildings were designed to serve the religious needs of the vast number of Amerindian indigenous people being evangelized. Over time, due to the policy of \"reducci\u00f3n\" (settling indigenous people into centralized communities), these monasteries evolved into social centers for the \"pueblos de indios\". They became hubs for transmitting Western, particularly Castilian, cultural practices, as well as various arts and crafts, healthcare, and even funeral services. The buildings were based on architectural styles that were already out of use at the time, such as Romanesque and Gothic, and were modeled on the European monastic tradition\u2014particularly the Cluny Abbey. However, they incorporated innovative elements, such as the atrial cross and the \"capilla abierta\" (open chapel), and were characterized by various decorative styles as well as a fortress-like appearance. Among these structures, found throughout the central regions of modern Mexico, emerged a distinctive art form known as \"tequitqui\" or Indochristian art. This style was created by indigenous artisans who worked on the buildings, blending European patterns under the guidance of the friars with"}, {"text": "their own artistic sensibilities. Ideological inspirations. The mendicant friars expressed their vision through the architecture, sculpture, and paintings of their buildings, drawing inspiration from millennialism, Joachinism, and the Counter-Reformation. These influences, though distant in time and space, reflected their aspiration to reestablish and renew the Church in the New World. Entrusted with the task of evangelizing the recently conquered Mesoamerican indigenous peoples, the friars designed monasteries as comprehensive ensembles of didactic and symbolic elements. These structures featured iconographic programs and diverse components that encapsulated the beliefs and experiences the mendicants had accumulated from similar missions in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The monastic buildings incorporated a deliberately medieval and archaic appearance, with an intentional nod to ancient styles. The builders drew inspiration from architectural influences that had been used centuries earlier in Europe but adapted them with the construction techniques of the 16th century. Mud\u00e9jar elements. The mendicant buildings of the 16th century share a similar layout in their basic elements with European monasteries, as well as comparable decorative and structural characteristics. These structures were constructed under the direct supervision of friars using manuals from the Old World. The builders maintained symmetrical designs and proportions that echoed, in an intentionally archaic"}, {"text": "manner, the layout of the 4th-century Benedictine monastery. These buildings featured the same war-inspired stereotomy, with thick walls, prominent buttresses, significant height emphasizing an ascensional direction, and merlons. These elements mirrored European monasteries, which often served as military strongholds against Moors or Saracens. Architectural structure. The construction and arrangement of the buildings were designed with the intention of returning to the ideals of the primitive Church, incorporating solutions and spaces specifically created to uphold the \"Regula\" of St. Benedict of Nursia. Atrium. The atrium was a unique architectural solution in New Spain, developed by the friars to serve as a large open square for the celebration of Mass. Over time, as described by priest Diego de Valad\u00e9s in his \"Rhetorica Christiana\", the atrium evolved into the primary social space for the indigenous population. It became a central hub for the transmission of Western civilization, where European arts and crafts, the Spanish language, and religious and civil precepts were taught. The primary function of the atrium was to host various religious celebrations in addition to Mass, including processions and theatrical performances, such as \"edifying theater\", which the indigenous people enjoyed as a didactic form of teaching. The indigenous population readily accepted"}, {"text": "outdoor ceremonies for Mass, as conducting rituals in open spaces was a common practice in Mesoamerican culture. Atrial cross. At the center of the atrium, serving as a symbolic and geographical marker of the town's foundation, a stone cross was erected on a base. This cross featured elements representing the attributes of the Passion of Jesus. Wall in the atrium. The atrial space was enclosed by an atrial wall, which also served as a reminder of the \"coatepantlis\" found in the ceremonial centers of Mesoamerican peoples. The wall was typically adorned with \"almenados\" (battlements) and finely crafted decorative finishes. The only exception was the atrium of Molango, Puebla, where a \"spada\u00f1a\" (bell wall) was placed in the atrial fence, separate from the temple. Processional path. One of the most common practices was the mass processions. The route for these processions was defined along the perimeter of the atrial wall, marked by shrubs, small walls, or trees. Capilla posa. At the four corners of the atrium were built four chapels\u2014an original feature of New Spain\u2014vaulted and decorated, which served as places to place or rest the Blessed Sacrament during processions after Mass. These chapels were assigned to the care of each"}, {"text": "of the town's neighborhoods and were also known as \"capillas de comunidad\" or \"capillas de indios\". Examples include the chapels in Huejotzingo and Calpan, Puebla. Church. In many towns of present-day Mexico, 16th-century churches exist with identifiable architectural characteristics, often rising above the surrounding population due to their height. Many of these churches were built on Mesoamerican \"teocallis\" (sacred pyramids), as seen in Texcoco, Tlaxcala, Huejotzingo, Cholula, Tula, and Huexotla. This was done to \"disintegrate the old way of life and sustain a new cult over the old one.\" This was done to \"disintegrate the old way of life and sustain a new cult over the old one.\" It is noteworthy that many monasteries were erected in towns that now have few inhabitants but were once important population centers. This effect was achieved through the ascensional direction of the walls, their thickness, and the use of flying buttresses, buttresses, and a floor plan based on a nave. Nave. Although many monasteries were modified during colonial times with the addition of bell towers, side naves, or a Latin cross floor plan in later centuries, the majority were originally built with a single nave and a rectangular shape, slightly trapezoidal at the"}, {"text": "apse. They featured a roof made of palm or \"artesonado\" (a decorative wooden ceiling), which was later replaced by arched stone barrel vaults, ornamented with ribs attached in a Gothic style\u2014these ribs had no structural function and were intentionally archaic. Monasteries by state. Hidalgo. See: Mendicant monasteries of Hidalgo Michoac\u00e1n. See: Conventual Missions of Michoac\u00e1n Oaxaca. Dominicans: Quer\u00e9taro. See: Franciscan Missions in the Sierra Gorda Contemporary studies. The historiography on the subject\u2014art historian Manuel Toussaint being the first to use the term\u2014refers to these buildings as \"convents-fortresses\" due to their defensive features and military-inspired elements. The leading scholar on these buildings, George Kubler, noted in his \"Mexican Architecture of the Sixteenth Century\" that the military function of these structures was largely ineffective in the event of a possible indigenous attack, as demonstrated by the attack in Xilitla, San Luis Potos\u00ed, in 1548. Historian Arturo Schroeder Cordero emphasized their significance in contrast to other architectural solutions, such as skyscrapers."}, {"text": "The Eberhard Faber Pencil Factory is a former pencil factory complex in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, New York City. Designated as a historic district by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (NYCLPC) in 2007, it is composed of nine buildings spread across two blocks. The factory was founded by John Eberhard Faber, the great-grandson of 18th-century pencil entrepreneur Kaspar Faber. The younger Faber established a pencil factory in Midtown Manhattan in 1866. Following a fire six years later, Faber moved to a larger location in Greenpoint, which expanded through the late 19th and early 20th centuries with the acquisition or addition of several buildings. Faber's children split the company from its German parent in 1898, and it remained in Greenpoint until 1956, when it moved to Pennsylvania. By the 21st century, part of the complex was in use as the Kickstarter headquarters, while other portions of the complex had been converted to residential, commercial or industrial uses. History. Context. The Faber family started making lead pencils in 1761 when Kaspar Faber set up a factory in Germany. John Eberhard Faber, his great-grandson, traveled to the United States in 1849, where he bought Eastern redcedar. Two years later he opened a stationery"}, {"text": "store at 133 William Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan. In 1861 Faber also established a pencil factory in the eastern part of Midtown Manhattan between 41st and 43rd Streets, on the present day site of the headquarters of the United Nations. The original factory burned down in a fire on May 30, 1872, causing $250,000 in damages. Faber moved to a larger location within three existing buildings in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, though the offices stayed in Manhattan. The new factory, which was chosen due to its proximity to ferries, was operational within three months. At the time, Greenpoint was predominantly a manufacturing district. Its largest industries were shipbuilding, porcelain and pottery, and glassworks, but the area had other industrial concerns such as brass and iron foundries; breweries; drug plants; book, furniture, box, and boiler makers; sugar refineries; and machine shops. The Eberhard Faber factory itself manufactured other items, which according to \"The New York Times\" included \"eyebrow pencils, eyeliners, fountain pens, thumbtacks and pencil cases\". Eberhard Faber died in 1879, soon after the company's move to Brooklyn. The company would become one of the world's largest pencil makers and would continue to operate the Brooklyn factory during this"}, {"text": "time, though it also opened factories in other locations such as Argentina, Canada, and Germany. His is sometimes erroneously credited as the first pencil factory in the United States, though David Monroe and John Thoreau had pencil factories in Concord and Ebenezer Wood in Acton, Massachusetts, decades earlier. Expansion. Over the next twenty years, the Eberhard Faber Pencil Factory complex was expanded with several buildings. The first such building, located at 100\u2013106 West Street predated the factory itself, having been erected in the mid-1860s as a real estate investment for local resident and iron merchant Francis N. Gove. Another building predating the factory was 98 West Street, built by the Faience Manufacturing Company circa 1870. These structures, originally three stories, both received a fourth floor around 1901. Additional structures were built in the 1880s. The four-story 37 Greenpoint Avenue, at the corner with West Street, was built in 1881 by S.A. Valentine and taken over by Faber in the late 1880s, whereupon it was used as a mailing address and for offices. The three-story 76 Kent Street, on the south side of the street, was built at some point from 1886 to 1904 and was originally used as a stable"}, {"text": "before being taken over by Faber for storage in the early 20th century. Eberhard Faber's children split the company from its German parent in 1898. Structures built afterward were larger and had architecture that complemented the existing buildings. The facade running along 58\u201370 Kent Street incorporates three former factory structures: the German Renaissance Revival structure at 60\u201364 Kent Street, as well as two demolished strictures, the German Renaissance Revival building at 66\u201370 Kent Street and the Italianate building at 58 Kent Street. This facade includes a brick cornice, cast-iron lintels, segmental windows, and courses of dentil. Three other German Renaissance Revival buildings were constructed in the complex at the turn of the 20th century. The first was the five-story 39\u201345 Greenpoint Avenue, built by the Valentine family in 1901. The second, a three-story structure with basement at 72\u201374 Kent Street, was built in 1904\u20131908 and possibly made specifically for the Faber factory. The third was the five-story building at 59\u201363 Kent Street, on the north side of Kent Street across from the main factory complex, originally connected to the main complex by a footbridge on the fourth floor. A final building at 47\u201361 Greenpoint Avenue was built in 1923\u20131924 in"}, {"text": "the Art Deco style. The Eberhard Faber Pencil Company announced its plans to move to Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, in 1955. The following year, the company moved to Pennsylvania and the factory was sold to a syndicate. By 2000, the old factory was being renovated into manufacturing and office space for several small companies. By the mid-1980s, two of the buildings in 58\u201370 Kent Street had been destroyed, while 76 Kent Street had been partly converted into a residential building. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the Eberhard Faber Pencil Factory historic district on October 30, 2007. In 2011, Kickstarter purchased several of the buildings in the complex for , and announced its plans to renovated these structures, having gotten approval from the NYCLPC. The following year, 58\u201370 Kent Street was made into the Kickstarter headquarters. In 2018, the New York University School of Medicine signed a lease to occupy part of 72\u201374 Kent Street. Whalar, a talent firm, bought 58 Kent Street in December 2023 after Kickstarter transitioned to fully remote work. Architecture. The Eberhard Faber Pencil Factory's constituent structures were designed in a German Renaissance Revival style or Rundbogenstil. Generally, these structures were designed based on their practical"}, {"text": "use, similar to other buildings of the era. These features included relatively narrow footprints to provide sufficient natural light to the interior, as well as flat roofs with brick parapets to reduce dust accumulation that could cause fires. However, the buildings also included numerous aesthetic elements. For instance, sections of the parapet were built with pediments to resemble gables, and many of these pediments contained the company's logo, a star-and-diamond motif. As with other factory structures built in that era, regularly spaced window openings let in natural light but also allowed an \"organization\" and \"dignity\", while decorative brick facades allowed for both a fire-resistant material and a \"relatively economical means of relieving plain brickwork\". Greenpoint Avenue buildings. The buildings on Greenpoint Avenue that are within the district are on the north side of the avenue. From west to east, they are numbered 37 through 61 Greenpoint Avenue. 37 Greenpoint Avenue is located at the corner with West Street, on the western side of the block. It is a four-story brick building erected around 1881 by the Valentine family. The building was originally intended as a store with tenement apartments above, but when completed, was used for office or industrial purposes."}, {"text": "This served as the mailing address and offices for the factory. Faber's modifications to the building included the installation of ornaments, including the company's star-and-diamond logos at the top of the building. There are three window bays on Greenpoint Avenue and eight along West Street. The West Street facade contains a historic fire escape. The building features projecting window sills and lintels, which are both made of brownstone. 39\u201345 Greenpoint Avenue was also developed by the Valentines and built by John M. Baker in the German Renaissance Revival style around 1901. The five-story building was made of bond brick and measures eleven window bays wide along Greenpoint Avenue. A fire escape is affixed to the western portion of the Greenpoint Avenue (southern) facade. 47\u201361 Greenpoint Avenue was designed by Frederick H. Klie around 1923\u20131924 and was purpose-built as a factory for the Faber complex. The six-story building, in the Art Deco style, contains ten window bays facing Greenpoint Avenue, as well as vertical concrete piers flanking each bay. On the facade, there are brick panels between the windows on each floor. There is terracotta ornamentation and pencil-shaped abstract ornaments on the facade. Kent Street buildings. There are four buildings on"}, {"text": "both sides of Kent Street: three along 58\u201376 Kent Street on the south side, and a building at 59\u201363 Kent Street on the north side. 58\u201370 Kent Street, located on the south side of Kent Street east of the intersection with West Street, incorporates the facades of three former factory buildings on the site. The westernmost of these (on the right when facing the entrance) is 58 Kent Street, an Italianate building designed by Philemon Tillion in 1860 and erected by Francis Gove. In the center is 60\u201364 Kent Street, a Renaissance Revival building designed by Theobald Engelhardt and built in 1895 by Faber; this facade contains brick dentil courses and corbels, cast iron lintels, radiating brick arches, and bluestone water tables. The easternmost is 66\u201370 Kent Street, erected in the Romanesque Revival style, with jutting brick header arches above the windows, cast iron lintels above the doors, and iron shutter hinges. The pediments above the latter two sections show the company motif. In the 2010s, the building was renovated into the Kickstarter headquarters, but the architecture remained mostly intact. 72\u201374 Kent Street, a three-story brick factory in the Renaissance Revival style, was erected around 1904\u20131908. Measuring nine bays wide,"}, {"text": "it contains a central pediment upon which the company's motif was placed. It contains projecting greystone window sills, lintels above the windows, and a brick corbel. Two fire escapes are located on the building's facade, one shared with its eastern neighbor, 76 Kent Street. this space is partially occupied by the New York University School of Medicine as a physical therapy and imaging center. 76 Kent Street, a three-story Renaissance Revival building, was built at an unknown date between 1886 and 1904. It contains brick lintels, cornice and parapet, as well a first-floor steel lintel. Sometime in the 1980s it was partially made into a residential building. 59\u201363 Kent Street, a five-story building built around 1910\u20131911, is located on the north side of Kent Street. It was built to a design by F. Nelson, an obscure architect whose listed address was the same as Faber's mailing address. 59\u201363 Kent is nine bays wide and contains Renaissance Revival ornamentation, including brick corbels, a central pediment, and the company's motif at the top. There is one fire escape on the facade. It was formerly connected to a building across Kent Street, which is now occupied by 58\u201370 Kent. West Street buildings. The"}, {"text": "complex has two buildings with addresses on the east side of West Street. 98 West Street is located in the middle of the block between Kent Street to the north and Greenpoint Avenue to the south. The four-story building contains a timber structure and a brick facade. The first two stories date from 1876, while the third story was added around 1881; both portions were in the Italianate style. The Renaissance Revival fourth story was added around 1901 by Philemon Tillion, who probably also added the fourth story of 100-106 West Street simultaneously. The first floor received renovations and became a loading dock before 1905. The second and third floors have cast-iron sills and window hoods, while the fourth floor has greystone sills and a brick lintel. 100\u2013106 West Street, at the southeast corner with Kent Street, was the first structure in the complex to be acquired: it was built in 1860 by Francis Gove and acquired by 1872 for Faber's factory. The four-story building has a facade of bond brick, with sills and lintels made of cast iron in the Italianate style, as well as pediments with circular motifs. A Renaissance Revival parapet and gable may have been installed"}, {"text": "in the 1880s, while the fourth story was built around 1901. The building contains nine window bays on Kent Street and six on West Street."}, {"text": "This is a season-by-season list of records compiled by Robert Morris in men's ice hockey. Robert Morris University has made one appearance in the NCAA Tournament. Season-by-season results. \"Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties\""}, {"text": "Chelatchie is an unincorporated community in Clark County, Washington. Chelatchie is located about northeast of Vancouver, Washington in the Chelatchie Prairie (or Chelatchie Valley) area, and consists of several homes, a general store, and a United States Forest Service visitor center for the Mount St. Helens Volcanic National Monument. It is one of the more remote communities on Washington State Route 503, and serves as a gateway into the Siouxon Creek area of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest. History. The area was first settled around 1860, and was among the first settlements in the area. The name was derived from \"ch'\u00e1lacha,\" a Klickitat word describing a valley with tall ferns. The Chelatchie Prairie Railroad was extended to the area in 1948, with the International Paper Company opening a plywood mill at the end of the line in 1960, which operated until 1979."}, {"text": "Infomir is a Ukrainian company which produces industrial and consumer electronics, as well as software products. The group of companies covers up to 4% of the global IPTV/OTT set-top box market and supplies products to more than 160 countries. The main office and production of Infomir are located in Ukraine. The company's contract partner is Jabil Circuit, which has 100 plants in 23 countries. History. The history of \"Infomir\" began in 1994 when \"Farlep\" (the group of companies) was founded, which specialized in providing telephone services and Internet access services. The group included a company that developed and produced telecommunications equipment and software. The products were produced both for Farlep's own needs, and for large customers \u2013 \"Ukrzaliznytsya\" and \"Ukrtelecom\". Awards. In August 2012, Stalker Middleware received a prize in the nomination \"The Best Domestic Development, presented at EEBC 2012 and expoTEL 2012\". In September 2018, the lighting reconstruction of the bridge connecting Lysychansk and Sievierodonetsk project received the Grand Prix at LED Expo 2018 in Kyiv. In March 2019, Whooshi, a portable Bluetooth audio amplifier, received the Red Dot Design Award."}, {"text": "The 2019\u201320 Detroit Mercy Titans men's basketball team represented the University of Detroit Mercy in the 2019\u201320 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Titans, led by second-year head coach Mike Davis, played their home games at Calihan Hall in Detroit, Michigan as members of the Horizon League. They finished the season 8\u201323, 6\u201312 in Horizon League play to finish in ninth place. Due to low APR Scores, the Titans were ineligible for postseason play. Previous season. The Titans finished the 2018\u201319 season 11\u201320 overall, 8\u201310 in Horizon League play, ending in a 3-way tie for sixth place. As the No. 7 seed in the Horizon League tournament, they lost in the quarterfinals to eventual tournament champion Northern Kentucky. Schedule and results. !colspan=9 style=| Regular season Source"}, {"text": "The Apostolic Nunciature to Niger is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Niger. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The title Apostolic Nuncio to Niger is held by the prelate appointed Apostolic Nuncio to Burkina Faso; he resides in Burkina Faso. The current Apostolic Nuncio to Niger is Michael Francis Crotty."}, {"text": "Lisa Lockhart (born November 11, 1965) is an American professional rodeo cowgirl who specializes in barrel racing. In 2006, 2008, 2012, and 2013, she won the Canadian barrel racing championship at the Canadian Finals Rodeo (CFR). In 2014, 2016, and 2023, she won the Average at the National Finals Rodeo (NFR). Life. Lockhart was born on November 11, 1965, in Wolf Point, Montana. She started riding at six years old with a pony. Her two sisters were key in drawing her into competition. Lockhart graduated from Montana State University. She then turned her amateur career into a professional one. Career. Lockhart joined the Women's Professional Rodeo Association (WPRA) in 1993. In addition to being a three-time NFR Average Champion, she has the second most qualifications to the NFR with 18, with Charmayne James and Sherry Cervi tied for first with 19 each. She is in 8th place for most money won at an NFR with $151,731 in 2016. For WPRA Career Earnings Leaders through 2018, she is second only to Sherry Cervi with $2,425,713. She is also a three-time winner of The American Rodeo. Lockhart is in the top four fastest NFR Average times ever recorded to date as follows:"}, {"text": "Lockhart won the Guy Weadick Award from the Calgary Stampede in 2016. 2019 season. Lockhart qualified for the NFR in the 2019 season. Her season earnings are $146,352. She finished 3rd in the World Rankings. Her career earnings to date are $2,572,065. Highlights from this season include winning the following rodeos: the Tri-State Rodeo in Fort Madison, Iowa; the McCone County Fair PRCA Rodeo in Circle, Montana; the BHSU Rally Rode and Bullfights in Spearfish, South Dakota; the Killdeer PRCA Rodeo in Killdeer, North Dakota; the Calgary Stampede in Calgary, Alberta. 2018 season summary. In the 2018 season, Lockhart placed #4 in the World Standings. Her total year earnings were $123.515. Her back number was 39. Her NFR qualifications were 12 (2007-2018). To date, Lockhart's total career earnings are $2,378,482. Horses. Her prominent horse is named \"An Oakie With Cash\", nicknamed Louie out of Biebers Oakie by Lady Kaweah Cash. Louie is a 18-year-old buckskin (horse) gelding as of 2021. Another of her horses is nicknamed \"Rosa\" out of Corona Cartel by Dash Ta Vanila. She is an 11-year-old buckskin mare as of 2021. She owns one other horse registered name Prime Diamond, nicknamed Cutter. He is a 10-year-old black"}, {"text": "gelding by Prime Talent, out of Hugos Diamond. Career summary. Lockhart has qualified for the NFR 18 times. She won the NFR Barrel Racing Average three times in 2014, 2016, and 2023. She won the only Elite Rodeo Athletes (ERA) barrel racing title in 2016. She won The American Rodeo three times in 2014, 2015, and 2023. She has won the National Circuit Finals Rodeo (NCFR) in 2019. She has over $3 million in WPRA career earnings. She has finished in the top five in the World Standings every year for the last several years. She was the Canadian Professional Rodeo Association (CPRA) Barrel Racing Champion for 2006 with $54,412, 2008 with $58,598, 2012 with $66,268, and 2013 with $88,649. Personal. In 1994, Lockhart married her husband Grady, a professional tie-down roper. They have three children. Lockhart spends her time off riding young horses and spending time with her children. She and her family reside in Oelrichs, South Dakota, a small town of 126 at the 2010 census. Lockhart is the aunt of 2017 and 2019 Professional Bull Riders World Champion Jess Lockwood."}, {"text": "Richard Hartley may refer to:"}, {"text": "Avazbek Otkeev (born 4 December 1993) is a Kyrgyzstani footballer who plays for Dordoi Bishkek in the Kyrgyzstan League and Kyrgyzstan national football team as a midfielder. Career statistics. International. \"Statistics accurate as of match played 21 January 2019\" \"Statistics accurate as of match played 16 October 2018\""}, {"text": "The Ray B. West Building is a historic building on the campus of Utah State University in Logan, Utah. The building was designed by architect Fred W. Hodgson and was built in 1918. It houses the College of Humanities and Social Sciences' Department of English and USU Writing Center."}, {"text": "Minnie Thomas Boyce (born Minnie May Thomas, 1870 \u2013 December 19, 1929) was an American writer. Early life. She was born in Fortville, Indiana, the daughter of Charles Perrine Thomas and Nancy Jane Humphries Thomas. She took courses in English at Indiana University. Career. Boyce wrote poetry and short stories which appeared in many American periodicals in the 1890s and 1900s, including the \"Punkin' Holler\" tales in Chicago's \"Inter Ocean.\" \"Humorous sketches and stories of Hoosier life are specially Mrs. Boyce's forte, although her poems for children are eagerly sought for,\" commented one reporter in 1893. A play by Boyce, \"The Hennypeckles\", was performed in Muncie in 1908, and in Alexandria and Yorktown in 1909. Boyce also gave speaking recitations, taught oratory, and wrote opinion pieces for newspapers. On divorce, she wrote, \"It seems to me that there could be nothing more terrible, more barbarous, than for the law or any other institution to compel two people to live together all their lives who are utterly separated in mind and taste and devotedness.\" She was active in the Western Association of Writers and the Indiana Writers' Association. Personal life. Minnie Thomas married Charles Wilson Boyce in 1889. They had a"}, {"text": "son, James G. Boyce, and lived in Muncie, Indiana. Her husband, who managed an electric light plant, died in 1896, and she died in 1929, aged 59 years, in Cleveland, Ohio."}, {"text": "The following is a non-definitive list of the all-time highest-grossing film producers. The list is not adjusted for inflation."}, {"text": "The vizier () was the senior minister of the Fatimid Caliphate for most of the Egyptian period of its existence. Originally it was held by civilian officials who acted as the chief civilian ministers of the caliphs, analogous to the original model established by the Abbasids. When a vizier was not appointed, an \"intermediary\" () was designated instead. The enfeeblement of the caliph's power and the crisis of the Fatimid regime under Caliph al-Mustansir, however, led to the rise of military strongmen, who dominated the post from the 1070s until the caliphate's end. These \"viziers of the sword\" were also commanders-in-chief of the army who effectively sidelined the caliphs and ruled in their stead, often seizing power from their predecessors. The last vizier, Saladin, abolished the Fatimid Caliphate in 1171 (see Saladin in Egypt). History and powers. During the Ifriqiyan period of the Fatimid Caliphate (909\u2013973), the title of \"vizier\", although current in the eastern Islamic world, was not used. It was adopted after the Fatimid conquest of Egypt, where the office had had a long tradition under the autonomous Tulunid and Ikhshidid dynasties. Although the last Ikhshidid vizier, Ja'far ibn al-Furat, continued to exercise many of his previous functions,"}, {"text": "the conqueror and viceroy of Egypt, Jawhar, refused to recognize his possession of the vizieral title. Likewise, when Caliph al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah () arrived in Egypt, he preferred to avoid delegating his powers to a vizier, although he appointed Ya'qub ibn Killis, a former Ikhshidid official, as head of the administrative apparatus. It was only that Caliph al-Aziz Billah () gave the title of vizier to Ibn Killis, who continued as head of the administration until his death in 991. After Ibn Killis, the caliphs could choose whether to appoint a vizier, or entrust affairs to an \"intermediary\" () who mediated between the Caliph and his officials and subjects. In line with the Fatimids' general policy of toleration of Christians and Jews, several viziers were Christians or of Christian origin, beginning with Isa ibn Nasturus under al-Aziz. Jews, on the other hand, only appear to have held the office after converting to Islam, Ibn Killis being the most prominent example. The early viziers served at the pleasure of the caliph who had appointed them, and exemplified what the 11th-century legal theorist al-Mawardi called (\"vizier of execution\"), effectively being, in the description of the Orientalist Marius Canard, \"agents for the execution"}, {"text": "of the sovereign's will\". Indeed, their careers were often very brief, being deposed, imprisoned, beaten, and frequently executed, by the caliph or by other court rivals. As a result, according to Canard, \"broadly speaking, the main characteristic of the vizierate of the Fatimids is the insecurity of the viziers\", with periods where the office changed hands in rapid succession. Under the weak al-Mustansir, five viziers held office between 1060 and 1062 alone. This changed with the rise of the military strongmen to the position: Badr al-Jamali and his successors held full powers in the caliph's stead, and represented al-Mawardi's , the \"vizier with delegated powers\". Due to the military background of the holders of the vizierate, they were also known as \"viziers of the sword and pen\" (), or simply \"viziers of the sword\" (). The \"viziers of the sword\", who dominated the last century of the Caliphate's existence, were at the same time chief ministers in charge of all civil administration, heads of the armies (), responsible for all judicial matters as chief , and even for all religious matters as head missionary (). As the viziers' power grew to eclipse the caliphs', they even assumed the title of"}, {"text": "\"king\" () followed by an epithet. From the early 12th century on, the position of or high chamberlain was created and came immediately after the vizier, taking over some of the latter's duties when the vizier was not a \"man of the sword\". Described as a \"second vizierate\", the office served as a springboard for the actual vizierate for Abu'l-Fath Yanis, Ridwan ibn Walakhshi and Dirgham. Residences. Ibn Killis established his official residence () in the southeastern part of Cairo, close to the Sa'ada Gate, a quarter which became known as after Ibn Killis. The building was not only the residence of the vizier, but also the seat of the fiscal bureaus (), and housed storage rooms for garments, the treasury, books, and drinks. Each of the latter was supervised by a comptroller (), and the itself also had its own superintendent (). The was an echo of the caliphal palaces, and included a small mosque for prayer and kitchens for the banquets organized by the vizier. According to the 15th-century historian al-Maqrizi, after Ibn Killis' death, his residence was not occupied again by a vizier until Abu Muhammad al-Yazuri in 1050. It was then that it became a true"}, {"text": ", being the official residence of the subsequent holders of the office until Badr al-Jamali. Badr built a new residence to the north, in the quarter of . This edifice then passed into the hands of his son and successor al-Afdal Shahanshah, and then to another of Badr's sons, al-Muzaffar Ja'far; from him it was later known . Later converted to a guest-house, it was here that the deposed Fatimids were held by Saladin after the overthrow of the dynasty in 1171. Al-Afdal also built a new, and much larger and more luxurious , on the northeastern part of the city, near the Bab al-Nasr. Initially called , it was commonly known as the \"House of the Domes\" (), and later, under al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi, as (\"grand house of the vizierate\"). This was the final residence of the Fatimid viziers until the end of the dynasty."}, {"text": "This is a list of notable people from Vallejo, California."}, {"text": "The Peter and Anna Christena Forsgren House is a historic house in Brigham City, Utah. It was built in 1863 by Peter Adolph Forsgren, an immigrant from Sweden who converted to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints at the age of 36, while he was living in Boston, Massachusetts. His brother, John E. Forsgren, who became the first Mormon missionary to preach in Sweden, played a leading role in his conversion. Forsgren became a weaver of cloth, blankets and carpets in Brigham City, and he designed a carpet for the Logan Utah Temple. This house was designed in the Gothic Revival architectural style. Even though Peter had two wives, his second wife is unlikely to have lived here with him. Forsgren therefore lived here with his first wife, also known as his sister wife, Anna Christena, and the house was deeded to their children, purchased by a daughter, sold out of the family in 1920. The new homeowner, Peter Nelson Pierce, was a trader between Native Americans and Mormon settlers who served as the local Mormon bishop and later became the police chief. The house has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 23,"}, {"text": "2003."}, {"text": "\"Sandunguera\" is a bolero written by Marcelino Guerra and Luis Piedra for Arsenio Rodr\u00edguez in 1943. Arsenio's version, however, was arranged as an uptempo guaracha and released as the B-side of Pablo Cairo's \"Sin tu querer\" by RCA Victor. The song has since been covered by multiple artists, including Marcelino Guerra himself, and has been called a \"classic track\" and an important recording in the development of Arsenio's career. Background and recording. At the time of the recording, Arsenio's \"conjunto\" was beginning to make recordings, with a rather variable lineup. With the incorporation of Lil\u00ed Mart\u00ednez (1945) and later F\u00e9lix Chappott\u00edn (1950), the \"conjunto\" reached its peak of success and maturity. However, records such as \"Sandunguera\" have been highlighted as early examples of Arsenio's trademark syle of interlocking rhythms and sudden tempo changes. Describing the original recording, Ned Sublette emphasized how the pianist, Adolfo \"Panacea\" O'Reilly, \"drops into bell-like quarter-note octaves on the piano to lock in with the cowbell\". He goes on to define the song as a thrilling \"new sound\", which paved the way for classic recordings such as \"Deuda\" and \"El reloj de Pastora\". The lyrics of the song extol the beauty of a \"mulata\", a black"}, {"text": "woman, often called \"sandunguera\" in Cuba, the adjetival form of \"sandunga\" (grace, charm). Thus, although not his own composition, the song is considered an example of Arsenio's African-inspired repertory which alludes to his own heritage. Cover versions. \"Sandunguera\" has been covered multiple times, often as a bolero, and sometimes as a guaracha reminiscent of Arsenio's original. It was recorded by the Puerto Rican ensemble Sexteto Borinquen in their 1963 album \"Sexteto Borinquen Vol. 2\", released by Ansonia, and by La Playa Sextet in their 1965 album \"La Playa in Puerto Rico\", released by United Artists. Another Puerto Rican band, Orquesta Corporaci\u00f3n Latina, recorded a salsa arrangement with a guaguanc\u00f3 rhythm in 1983. It has also been recorded by salsa singer Oscar D'Le\u00f3n (1978), son cubano vocalist Miguel Quintana (1986) and Marcelino Guerra himself (1996), who did so in Spain for the record label Nubenegra. Another recording was made by Los Naranjos in 1998 under the title \"Sandunguera mujer\"."}, {"text": "Sandunguera may refer to:"}, {"text": "Keatinge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:"}, {"text": "The Green line of the Taichung MRT is a medium-capacity rapid transit line in Taichung. The line was briefly opened to the public on 16 November 2020, but closed on 22 November due to faulty couplers on the trains. The line officially re-entered service on 25 April 2021, becoming Taiwan's fifth rapid transit system in operation. Two extensions, one heading east to Dakeng and the other reaching south into Changhua, are also planned. Route overview. The current line is known as the Wuri-Wenxin-Beitun Line (). It begins in Beitun District at Beitun Main Station and runs westward, crossing the TR Taichung Line at Songzhu station. Then, it follows Wenxin Road along Taichung's 7th Redevelopment Zone, passing through Xitun and Nantun districts and forming a wide semicircle around the city center. At Daqing station, the line runs parallel to the TRA Taichung Line until its western terminus at Taichung HSR Station in Wuri. The line is fully elevated except for small sections at both termini. Planned extensions. There are two planned extensions to the line. The first, known as the Dakeng Extension, branches east from Jiushe station and runs along Songzhu Road to the base of Dakeng. The second, known as"}, {"text": "the Changhua Extension, runs west past Taichung HSR Station and crosses the Dadu River to Changhua. The extensions add two and five more stations respectively, and will cost an additional $25 billion NTD. History. Planning and construction. A metro system in Taichung was discussed since 1990, which would connect various suburbs including Caotun, Zhongxing New Village, and others. The plan was dropped due to high cost and low projected ridership. A new proposal was renewed and approved in 2004, but construction did not begin immediately because of costs exceeding estimates and disagreements over where stations would be. In 2010, preliminary work began by relocating trees on the median and rerouting the utilities that run under those roads. Progress was plagued by various delays, including conflicts between the city and electrical contractors, problems with land acquisition, and the bankruptcy of a major utilities contractor. Because of the delays, mayor Jason Hu and his administration were heavily criticized by rivaling political parties. Formal construction began in May 2013. Two separate incidents occurred during construction. On 19 August 2014, a crane malfunctioned and broke off its arm, falling on top of a restaurant. No injuries were reported. Then, on 10 April 2015, a"}, {"text": "crane's arm snapped while lifting a 209-ton I-beam, causing the beam to fall and crushing a car underneath. Workers atop the beam were also thrown off. The driver of the car and three workers lost their lives, while four other works sustained heavy injuries. Construction was halted for three months following the incident. On 30 June 2016, construction of the line was completed, and testing began soon after. Initially, the stations numbers were numbered sequentially from G1 to G20, with the \"G\" representing green. However, since G8 is pronounced similar to \"chi-bai\", which is considered profane in Hokkien, the \"G\" prefix was changed to \"1\", which represents how the Green line is the first line completed. The station's English names were initially written in a mix of Tongyong Pinyin and Hanyu Pinyin, and the lack of standardization drew criticism. On 24 August 2020, the Taichung City Council decided to use Hanyu Pinyin for all stations except for Sihwei Elementary School. Operations. Beginning on 16 November 2020, the Green line was opened to the public for testing and was free to ride until its formal opening ceremony planned for on 19 December. On the first day, 70,977 passengers used the line."}, {"text": "However, on 21 November, the couplers on one of the trains snapped in half; the line was closed to the public the next day. Then, on 27 November, another coupler was found to be broken. Trial runs resumed on 25 March 2021. An opening ceremony was held on 25 April 2021. Rolling stock. The line runs eighteen EMU trains equipped with automatic train operation. The trains are powered by a direct current, 750 V third rail. Each train has a capacity of roughly 536 people divided into two cars, each car having ten doors and two air conditioning units. Of the eighteen trains, nine are built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Kobe, Japan, while the remaining nine are built by Taiwan Rolling Stock Company. Incidents. On 10 May 2023, a construction crane fell 30 floors from a construction site of Highwealth Construction Corp onto a moving Green Line train south of Feng-le Park metro station, killing one and injuring ten passengers onboard."}, {"text": "Sanjay Yadav may refer to:"}, {"text": "The Brescia-Iseo\u2013Edolo railway is a railway line connecting the towns of Brescia, Iseo, and Edolo, in Lombardy, northern Italy. History. A line between Brescia and Iseo was opened on 21 June 1885, and connected to Edolo in 1909. A link between Iseo and Rovato Borgo, served by the line R9 of Trenord, was suspended in 2018."}, {"text": "Solmaz Daryani (Persian: \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc) (born 1989 in Tabriz, Iran) is an Iranian Azeri photographer and visual artist based in the UK and Iran. Her work is particularly known for exploring the themes of climate security, climate change, water crisis, the human identity and environment in the Middle East. Daryani is a member of Women Photograph and Diversify Photo. Life and career. Daryani studied computer science at Azad University, emerging from school with a B.A. in software engineering. She started approaching photography as a self-taught photographer in 2012. Since 2014 Solmaz Daryani covered the environmental and human impact of the drying of Lake Urmia, one of the most unfortunate environmental disasters in the Middle East , which was published in her first book The Eyes of Earth by FotoEvidence Foundation in 2021. In fall 2019, she received The Alexandra Boulat Grant in remembrance of the late, prize winning French photographer, who was a member and co-founder of VII Photo Agency, to study at DMJX. In 2017, she received the Magnum Foundation Grant for a call themed \u201cOn Religion\u201d. Her ongoing project, The Eyes of Earth, is the recipient of the IdeasTap and Magnum Photos, PhotogrVphy Grant and the FotoEvidence Book"}, {"text": "Award. She is a member of Women Photograph and DiversifyPhoto. Through her work, she explores the link between people and their environment through personal narratives by identifying locations, characters and scenes. Solmaz Daryani usually works on long-term projects. Since the beginning of her career, she has worked on storytelling by creating series over more extended periods to understand how time impacts the people and environment. Her long-term photo projects include The Eyes of Earth (2014\u2013ongoing) and In Deserts of Wetland (2018-ongoing). In 2017, she featured in a French documentary film \"Focus Iran\" about five Iranian photographers testify to the vitality of a creation confronted with the rules. Daryani has worked internationally, covering water crisis, climate change, and social documentary stories in Iran, Afghanistan, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Her work has been published by international magazines and newspapers such as The New York Times, Der Spiegel, National Geographic Magazine, Atlas Obscura, Foreign Policy Magazine, L'OBS Magazine Le Monde hors serie, , The American Scholar Magazine and other publications."}, {"text": "Prince Mikhail Nikitich Volkonsky (October 20, 1713 \u2013 December 19, 1788) was a Russian statesman and military figure from the House of Volkonsky, General-in-Chief (1762), in 1771\u20131780 he was Commander-in-Chief in Moscow. The brother of General Alexei Volkonsky, uncle of Nastasya Ofrosimova. Biography. Born in the family of Prince Nikita Fedorovich Volkonsky and Agrafena Petrovna, n\u00e9e Bestuzheva, \"in the old courtyard outside the Tver Gate near the Strastnov Monastery in the parish of the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin\". In childhood, he lived with grandmother Catherine Ilyinichna, n\u00e9e Miloslavskaya. Since 1724 he was brought up by his grandfather Peter Bestuzhev-Ryumin in Courland. In 1732 he was enrolled in the Land Gentry Corps founded by the empress, where he studied for 4 years. In 1738\u20131739 he fought with the Turks, in 1740 he accompanied Alexander Rumyantsev to negotiations in Constantinople. He met the Duke of Holstein (Peter III) when he first entered Russia within 1742. Details of Volkonsky's service until 1756 are contained in a journal compiled by him, which was kept by his descendants, the princes Golitsyn\u2013Prozorovsky. This valuable historical source was introduced into scientific circulation only in 2004. Released from the cadet corps as a second lieutenant,"}, {"text": "in 1749 Volkonsky already bore the rank of colonel. Repeatedly traveled to Poland \"for intelligence and secret negotiations with the tycoons\". During the Seven Years' War, distinguished himself at Paltzig and Kunersdorf. He was promoted to lieutenant general on August 18, 1759. Two years later he was appointed commander of the troops stationed in Poland. In 1762, he signed an armistice with Prussia in Neumark. On the day of the Palace Coup of 1762, the lieutenant colonel of the Life Guard Horse Regiment Volkonsky joined the number of supporters of Catherine, for which he received from her the Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky, the title of senator and the rank of General-in-Chief. In 1764 he commanded a corps in Poland, in 1767 he was awarded the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called. In 1769, the ambassador to the Commonwealth again. After the Plague Riot in 1771, Mikhail Volkonsky was appointed Commander-in-Chief to Moscow. In 1773\u20131774, during the Pugachev's Rebellion, at the request of Volkonsky, significant military forces were pulled into Moscow (horse riders traveled to Lyubertsy), guns were put up at the governor's residence. In 1774, Volkonsky was one of the leaders of the general investigation of Yemelyan"}, {"text": "Pugachev and his main associates. In 1775 he organized in Moscow the famous amusements regarding the conclusion of peace with Turkey. From his mother's brothers, Counts Mikhail Petrovich and Alexey Petrovich, Prince Volkonsky inherited significant land holdings. Having retired in 1780, he retired to his estates. He died on December 8, 1788, and was buried in the family tomb \u2013 Borovsky-Pafnutiev Monastery. Marriage and children. In January 1745, Mikhail Volkonsky married Elizabeth Alekseevna Makarova (1725\u20131782), the daughter of Alexey Makarov, cabinet minister of Peter the Great, and Praskovya Yuryevna Ladyzhenskaya. He took after her a dowry of 700 souls and a house in Saint Petersburg. In marriage were born: Since the sons of Mikhail Nikitich did not leave offspring, his only heir was the daughter Anna and her descendants \u2013 the princes Golitsyn-Prozorovsky."}, {"text": "Minter Army Airfield auxiliary fields were a number of airfields used during World War II to support the Minter Army Airfield (now the Shafter Airport) near Shafter, California. Minter Army Airfield was also called Lerdo Field, after the nearby road. Minter Army Airfield also housed the Shafter Gap Filler Annex P-59A and Shafter Army Aviation Test Activity and opened in June 1941. An Army depot open on the base in October 1941, the Minter Sub-Depot, a division of the Sacramento Air Depot. Minter Army Airfield had 7,000 troops and civilians working at the base. Naming. Minter Army Airfield was named after First Lieutenant Hugh C. Minter, a World War I veteran killed in a mid-air collision at March Field in July 1932. The Army built three 4,500-foot runways on the 1,466-acre site, to support training activities need for World War II. Also at Airfield were built three square landing mat. The From Minter Army Airfield the United States Army Air Corps's Western Flying Training Command started training the needed pilots. To support the training of the many pilots, Minter Army Airfield operated a number of auxiliary airfields. Some auxiliary fields were no more than a landing strip, others were other"}, {"text": "operation airfield that supported the training at the Minter Army Airfield. The Vultee BT-13 Valiant and Boeing-Stearman Model 75 were the most common plane used for training at Minter Army Airfields, but large bombers were trained also. Minter Army Airfield auxiliary fields were: Wasco Auxiliary Field. Wasco Auxiliary Field or Wasco Field No. 1 was a satellite airfield of Minter Field, 1.5 miles north the town of Wasco, California, at at an elevation of . The US Army leased the small 40-acre Wasco Airport and 120 acres north of the airport from Kern County on June 16, 1941. Minter Field was 12 miles to the southeast of Wasco Field. The Army built a five-runway landing mat on the site, with no other improvements. In 1944 Pond Field was closed and the lease ended on June 30, 1951. The Wasco Auxiliary Field is now the Wasco-Kern County Airport a single runway on a public airport. Pond Auxiliary Field. Pond Auxiliary Field or Pond Field No. 2 or was a satellite airfield of Minter Field, just south/west of the town of Pond, California, at . The US Army leased 158 acres from Kern County on June 16, 1941. Minter Field was 16"}, {"text": "miles southeast of Pond Field. The Army built a 5 runway landing mat on the site, with no other improvements. On August 8, 1942, Stewart Smith was killed while approaching Pond Field, he was with the 525th School Squadron, his plane stalled 6 miles west of Pond Field on. In May 1944 Pond Field was closed and the lease ended. Pond Field was located at what is now northeast of the intersection of Peterson Road & Magnolia Avenue, in Pond, California. There is no trace of the airfield and the land is now used for agriculture. Famoso Auxiliary Field. Famoso Auxiliary Field or \"Minter Auxiliary Field No. 3\"' was a satellite airfield of Minter Field for flight training. Famoso Auxiliary Field was located 2 miles north of Famoso, California, and 24 miles north-northwest of Bakersfield in Kern County at . The US Army acquired 500 acres from County of Kern on July 1, 1941. Minter Field / Lerdo Field is 9 miles to the south of Famoso Auxiliary Field. The Army built a 3,000 \u00d7 3,000-foot landing area, three buildings: Stage House, Crash Truck Shelter and Latrine. Pilot Leroy McDonald was killed in an A BT-13 trainer crash at Famoso"}, {"text": "Field on April 22, 1942, on plane serial no. 41\u201310699. After the war, Famoso Auxiliary Field was closed and there is no trace of the former landing mat. Famoso Auxiliary Field was at what is now east of Highway 99 and south of Whistler Road. Dunlap Auxiliary Field. Dunlap Auxiliary Field also called Minter Field Auxiliary Field No. 4 and Jasmin Field was a satellite airfield of Minter Field. Located in Jasmin, California in Kern County at . Dunlap Auxiliary Field was 19 miles south-southwest of Minter Field at an elevation of 530 feet. Dunlap Auxiliary Field was open in 1941 on a 210.22 acres site and used to train World War II pilots in landing and take off. The site was also used as emergency landing airfield. The runway was a square mat 2,640 feet by 2640 feet. The mat was used for Boeing-Stearman Model 75 trainer bi-planes. No improvements were built at the airfield. There were two crash accidents at Dunlap Field, a BT-13 trainer crash-landed on April 8, 1942, the planes serial no. was 41\u20139665, piloted by William Raabe. A North American T-6 Texan AT-6C trainer crashed at Dunlap Field on July 23, 1945, it was serial"}, {"text": "no. 42\u20133911, piloted by Kay Nelson. After the war the field was closed on 8 October 1946 and no trace of the airfield can be seen today. The Dunlap Auxiliary Field was located at the present-day site of (north of) Hart Avenue and between Kyte Avenue and Quality Road, one mile east of Jasmin in a vineyard of Pandol and Sons. The site is between California State Route 99 and California State Route 65. Semitropic Auxiliary Field. Semitropic Auxiliary Field or Semitropic Auxiliary Field No. 5 was a satellite airfield of Minter Field for flight training. Semitropic Auxiliary Field was 7 miles southeast of Minter Field. Semitropic Auxiliary Field was located 8 miles west of Wasco, California at in Kern County at an elevation of 265 feet. In 1942 the US Army acquired 600 acres of land for the runway from 11 landowners. The Army built: crash truck shelter, stage house, latrines, 3,000 by 3,000-foot landing mat and a runway. One crash happened one mile north of the runway on October 24, 1943, Otto Piepnbrink was killed in a BT-13A trainer, he was with the 324th Basic Flight Training Squadron. At the end of the war the land was sold"}, {"text": "on November 20, 1946. There is no trace of the airfield and the land is now used for agriculture by three owners. Poso Auxiliary Field. Poso Auxiliary Field or Poso Field Aux No. 6 was a satellite training airfield of Minter Field, just south-east of the town of Poso, California, renamed Famoso, California at at an elevation of 635 feet. Poso Auxiliary Field is west of Wasco, California. Minter Field was 7 miles to the southwest of Poso Auxiliary Field. Poso Auxiliary Field covered 400 acres. A 3,000 by 3,000 landing mat was built in 1942. Poso Auxiliary Field was closed on October 8, 1946. In 1950 the west of runway became the Famoso Raceway, a Dragstrip. The east side became Poso Airport, also called the Poso-Kern County Airport. Lost Hills Auxiliary Field. Lost Hills Auxiliary Field or Lost Hills Field No. 7 was a satellite airfield of Minter Field, just north of the town of Lost Hills, California at . In 1942 the War Department received the free use of land from Mrs. Jean Atkinson on November 5, 1942. Later in 1943 the Army added 288.26 acres of free land was received from Standard Oil Company of California on"}, {"text": "August 30, 1943. The Army built a 5,000-foot runway and a 1,600-foot clay landing strip at Lost Hills Auxiliary Field. The 5,000-foot runway was used for training bomber pilots like the North American B-25 Mitchell and Lockheed P-38 Lightning. Lost Hills Auxiliary Field was closed on January 11, 1945, and became the Lost Hills Airport a public airport."}, {"text": "Legalease Ltd. is a global legal research and publishing company founded in the UK in 1987. The company assesses global law firms and lawyers for its publications, annual lists and guides, including \"Legal Business\", \"GC Magazine\" and \"The Legal 500\" series. Overview. Legalease Ltd. is a legal data, research, rankings and analytics company based in the United Kingdom, The company was founded by its first editor-in-chief, John M. Pritchard. Since 2015, the managing director is David Goulthorpe, with David Burgess as publishing director. The company is a London living wage employer. Publications include \"Legal Business Magazine\". Its GC Powerlist, (formerly the \"Corporate Counsel 100\"), publishes annually, which includes its 500 top-rated lawyers in various regions of the world. \"Legal Business\". \"Legal Business\" magazine temporarily ceased publishing and shuttered operations in April 2020 due to COVID-19 but resumed normal service in October 2020. \"The Legal 500\". \"The Legal 500\" series is the largest legal referral guide in the world, with 5.6m users globally compared with Chambers & Partners' 3.5m. Publications include editorials and \"GC Magazine\" for general counsel practitioners, offering resources for in-house lawyers, such as client insight reports.it also hosts live events and roundtables; and aggregates legal news. Rankings in"}, {"text": "\"The Legal 500\" are reported as merit-based, relying on both publicly available information and law firm self-reported information, and are published on the company's website. The company also issues several annual awards, such as The Legal 500 Awards, and recognizes lawyers with various accolades, including its \"GC Powerlist\" designations."}, {"text": "The Amis Music Festival () is a cultural event held in Dulan Village, Taitung County. The event promotes music, arts and various cultures of the Taiwanese indigenous peoples, and is the first of its kind in Taiwan. History. The very first Amis Music Festival was organized in 2013 by Suming Rupi, an indigenous singer-songwriter from the Pangcah (Amis) people, and the Dulan villagers in an effort to stimulate tribe-oriented economic development in their hometown. Suming derived inspiration for the event from performing at the Glastonbury Festival in the UK and the Festival of Pacific Arts. The festival is held around mid-November, resting one year after every two years. The festival has its own Amis Music Festival Flag which the organizers defined with symbolic significance referring to the lands, ocean, and traditional culture of the 'atolan 'amis nation. The story of how Suming Rupi founded the Amis Music Festival and the Amis Music Festival Flag was documented in the 2016 documentary \"Suming Carrying The Flag\" (\"\u625b\u65d7\u5b50\u7684\u4eba-Suming)\", which was first aired as an episode in the TV program \"Songs Blowing Over the Island\" (\u5439\u904e\u5cf6\u5dbc\u7684\u6b4c) of the Taiwan Indigenous Television. The full documentary film was also selected for the 12th Native Spirit Festival"}, {"text": "in 2018, which is an international film festival in the UK. In 2017, Suming received the Taiwanese Presidential Cultural Awards' youth creativity award for his work in promoting traditional indigenous culture in Dulan village, with President Tsai Ing-Wen noting that it had resonated well with young people. Performances and location. For each edition of the festival, the organizers invite different tribes and representatives both locally and abroad to participate, connecting the indigenous cultures of Taiwan and those from around the world. For 2019, apart from the Pangcah/Amis (\u963f\u7f8e) themselves, these included the Pinuyumayan (\u5351\u5357), Rukai (\u9b6f\u51f1), Paiwan (\u6392\u7063), Bunun (\u5e03\u8fb2), Tsou (\u9112\u65cf), Atayal (\u6cf0\u96c5), and Siraya (\u897f\u62c9\u96c5) people from Taiwan, and many more tribes from Australia, Japan, Philippines, Morocco, New Caledonia, and Tahiti. In order to focus attention on the overall theme of aboriginal heritage rather than individual performers, no detailed schedule is published in advance. Online publicity simply notes the participation of various tribes. The first festival in 2013 saw 1,000 visitors and has grown to over 3,000 in 2017. The \"Dulan Arena\", which is the stadium at Suming Rupi's alma mater Dulan Junior High School has been transformed into a stage for performances during the Amis Music Festival."}, {"text": "For 2019, the Pacifalan (\u90fd\u862d\u9f3b) cape near the village was chosen as the location for the festival."}, {"text": "Carol McDonald Connor (February 21, 1953 \u2013 May 14, 2020) was an educational psychologist known for her research contributions to the field of early literacy development in diverse learners, in particular for work on individualized student instruction interventions and the lattice model of reading development. She held the position of Chancellor's Faculty and Equity Advisor in the School of Education at the University of California, Irvine. Connor was the editor of \"The Cognitive Development of Reading and Reading Comprehension\" (2016), a text on theories of reading comprehension development. She also co-edited \"Advances in Reading Interventions: Research to Practice to Research\" (2015) and co-authored \"Improving Literacy in America: Guidelines from Research (Current Perspectives in Psychology)\" (2005). Biography. Carol McDonald was born on February 21, 1953, in Chicago. She began her career in speech-language pathology. After receiving B.S. and M.S. degrees in Speech-Language Pathology from Northwestern University, she spent over ten years working as an ASHA certified speech-language pathologist in Utah, Massachusetts, and Illinois. In the early 90s, she accepted a position as a speech-language pathologist at the Cochlear Implant Program University of Michigan Medical Center, where she spent five years working with deaf children with cochlear implants. In a 2018 interview"}, {"text": "with UC Irvine's Dean Richard Arum, Connor cites her experience at the Michigan Medical Center in her transition to literacy research, as she became interested in the reading gap between hearing children and deaf children with implants. She received her PhD in language, Literacy, and Culture from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor in 2002, under the supervision of Holly K. Craig. She did her post-doctoral work with Frederick J. Morrison at the University of Michigan. Since 2002, Connor worked as a research scientist and professor around the country, including at the University of California, Irvine, Arizona State University, Florida State University, and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. She was married to Jay Connor, who is the founder and CEO of a company that uses Connor's Assessment-to-instruction (A2i) software. They have three children. Connor died May 14, 2020, of ovarian cancer. Research. Individualized Student Instruction and Child-by-Instruction Interaction Effects. Much of Connor's research has been fostered by a conviction that individual differences matter when it comes to reading instruction. In 2004, Connor was the Principal Investigator of a three-year grant from the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) to develop the Individualized Student Instruction (ISI) intervention system, which includes the"}, {"text": "A2i software. The intervention consists of a teacher training program and professional development in the design of targeted, individualized instruction, generally delivered to small groups of students with similar instructional needs. The A2i software supports teachers in developing individualized student instruction plans with specific recommendations on the type and quantity of instruction needed based on assessment data generated several times throughout the school year. The software employs algorithms that make use of the child-by-instruction effects that Connor has documented in her research, by which specific types of instruction are more or less effective for individual students depending on the specific skills they have at the time of instruction. Randomized control studies showed that reading outcomes in ISI classrooms were significantly better than those in control classrooms, in Kindergarten through third grade. Connor was also the principal investigator on several follow-up grants on the project, including a four-year grant to make A2i software accessible to educators in more contexts and without extensive and ongoing researcher support. The Lattice Model of Reading Comprehension. Connor borrowed the concept of a Lattice Model from the field of Economics and applied it to the development of reading comprehension. Her model describes the process of learning"}, {"text": "to understand reading as nonlinear, wherein \"language, literacy, cognitive, social, and other environmental factors\" develop in a mutual feedback process over time. The model incorporates several previous models of reading comprehension and child development with the addition of child-instruction interaction effects, putting together numerous child characteristics and home- and classroom-characteristics that interact as a system over time. She developed and applied this model during her time working on the Florida State University team of the IES Reading for Understanding Research Initiative with Principal Investigator Christopher J. Lonigan. Recent work. In 2017, Connor received a four-year IES grant to develop electronic-books intended to provide adaptive support to improve reading comprehension, including strategies such as word learning, question generation, and summarization. She was the project's Principal Investigator, with co-investigator Danielle McNamara. Connor was also the Principal Investigator of the Assessment Team of the Early Learning Research Network, which seeks to develop tools and policies that positively impact early learning outcomes through third grade. Connor's team is developing a technology-supported classroom observation system, the Optimizing Learning Opportunities for Students (OLOS) Early Learning Observation System. The Network describes it as \"an innovative, multidimensional assessment system\" that will \"generate reports to match effective recommended instructional"}, {"text": "practices with observed learning opportunities.\" The work is supported by a five-year grant from the IES that began in 2016. Awards and distinctions. In 2006, the IES awarded Connor with the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE, 2006) for \"innovative research in the development and evaluation of an instructional tool to improve literacy instruction\" for her research on individualized student instruction interventions. In 2007, the American Psychological Association (APA) awarded Connor with the Richard Snow Award for \"significant contributions to the field of educational psychology.\" Connor was named a 2015 fellow of the American Education Research Association (AERA) and a 2016 fellow of the APA. Other awards include:"}, {"text": "The 2020\u201321 Korn Ferry Tour was the 31st season of the Korn Ferry Tour, the official development tour to the PGA Tour. In-season changes. Originally scheduled to run from January 12 to August 30, it was announced in early May 2020 that due to disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic that the in-progress and on-hold 2020 season would be merged with the planned 2021 season. With the season having been extended through 2021, there were no graduates to the PGA Tour for the 2020\u201321 season. However the leading 10 players in the Korn Ferry Tour points standings through the 2020 Korn Ferry Tour Championship were granted exemptions to play in four alternate events on the PGA Tour during 2021. Schedule. The following table lists official events during the 2020\u201321 season. Points list. Regular season points list. The regular season points list was based on tournament results during the season, calculated using a points-based system. The top 25 players on the regular season points list earned status to play on the 2021\u201322 PGA Tour. Finals points list. The Finals points list was based on tournament results during the Korn Ferry Tour Finals, calculated using a points-based system. The top 25 players"}, {"text": "on the Finals points list (not otherwise exempt) earned status to play on the 2021\u201322 PGA Tour. 2021 PGA Tour exemptions. The leading 10 players in the Korn Ferry Tour points list through the 2020 Korn Ferry Tour Championship were granted exemptions to play in the Puerto Rico Open, the Corales Puntacana Resort and Club Championship, the Barbasol Championship and the Barracuda Championship on the PGA Tour during 2021. They were as follows:"}, {"text": "The Historical Sexual Offences (Pardons and Disregards) (Scotland) Act 2018 is an Act of the Scottish Parliament. It retroactively pardons men convicted of sexual offences under obsolete sodomy laws now repealed in Scotland. It came into effect in 2019. Men convicted of these historical offences will now receive an automatic formal pardon on application."}, {"text": "The 1982 Mexico City WCT was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Mexico City, Mexico. The event was part of the 1982 World Championship Tennis circuit. It was the fourth and last edition of the tournament and was held from 19 January until 24 January 1982. Unseeded Tom\u00e1\u0161 \u0160m\u00edd won the singles title. Finals. Singles. Tom\u00e1\u0161 \u0160m\u00edd defeated John Sadri, 3\u20136, 7\u20136, 4\u20136, 7\u20136, 6\u20132 Doubles. Ferdi Taygan / Sherwood Stewart defeated Tom\u00e1\u0161 \u0160m\u00edd / Bal\u00e1zs Tar\u00f3czy, 6\u20134, 7\u20135"}, {"text": "The Royal Swazi Sun Classic was a golf tournament on the Sunshine Tour in the late 1990s and early 2000s. It was played at the Royal Swazi Sun Country Club in Swaziland. This is not to be confused with the Investec Royal Swazi Open, another Sunshine Tour event in Swaziland also played at the same course."}, {"text": "Robert Morley (1908\u20131992) was an English actor. Robert Morley may also refer to:"}, {"text": "The 2019\u201320 Alabama Crimson Tide women's basketball team represented the University of Alabama during the 2019\u201320 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Crimson Tide, led by seventh-year head coach Kristy Curry, played their home games at Coleman Coliseum and competed as members of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Preseason. SEC media poll. The SEC media poll was released on October 15, 2019. Schedule. !colspan=9 style=| Exhibition !colspan=9 style=| Non-conference regular season !colspan=9 style=| SEC regular season !colspan=9 style=| SEC Tournament"}, {"text": "Chloroflexus islandicus is a photosynthetic bacterium isolated from the Strokkur Geyser in Iceland. This organism is thermophilic showing optimal growth at 55 \u00b0C (131 \u00b0F) with a pH range of 7.5 \u2013 7.7. C. islandicus grows best photoheterotrophically under anaerobic conditions with light but is capable of chemoheterotrophically growth under aerobic conditions in the dark. \"C. islandicus\" has a yellowish green color. The individual cells form unbranched multicellular filaments about 0.6 \u03bcm in diameter and 4-7 \u03bcm in length. Phenotypic characteristics. As a genus, \"Chloroflexus\" spp. are filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic (FAP) organisms that utilize type II photosynthetic reaction centers containing bacteriochlorophyll a, and light-harvesting chlorosomes containing bacteriochlorophyll. Beta- and gamma-carotenes are present. \"C. islandicus\" is gram negative. Cell morphology shows the presence of chlorosomes, pili and gliding motility. Pili are unique to C. islandicus being the only organism in the \"Chloroflexus\" genus to possess pili. Genetic characteristics. The whole genome sequence of \"Chloroflexus islandicus\" was able to be determined (5.14 Mb). Using the 16S rRNA gene analysis, ANI (Average Nucleotide Identity) and DDH (DNA-DNA Hybridization) a new species of \"Chloroflexus \"was confirmed. The 16S rRNA analysis showed it is closely related to \"Chloroflexus aggregans\" (97.0%). The genomic data revealed 84.1%"}, {"text": "ANI and 22.8% DDH for \"Chloroflexus islandicus\" strain vs other known \"Chloroflexus\" strains. The separated species based on ANI is 95.0% or less and DDH is 70.0% or less. The G/C content for \"Chloroflexus islandicus\" was found to be 59.6 mol%."}, {"text": "Doug Jones is an American curler. He is a and a three-times United States men's curling champion (1988, 1990, 1992)."}, {"text": "Karen R. Lawrence is an American academic administrator serving as the ninth president of The Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens. She previously served as the 10th president of Sarah Lawrence College. Early life and education. Lawrence was born in 1949. She earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in English from Yale University and a master's degree in English literature from Tufts University. Lawrence earned a PhD degree in literature from Columbia University in 1978. Career. Lawrence is a scholar of English and Irish literatures. She is also a specialist on the work of James Joyce. Lawrence began her career as an English professor at the University of Utah and University of California, Irvine. In August 2007, Lawrence became the 10th President of Sarah Lawrence College, a liberal arts college in Yonkers, New York. At the college, Lawrence was a successful college fundraiser, increased financial aid, and grew the size of the student body at the college. In July 2017, after 10 years as president, Lawrence stepped down. In September 2018, Lawrence became the 9th President of The Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens in San Marino, California. Personal life. Lawrence's husband is Peter F. Lawrence, a physician."}, {"text": "They have two sons."}, {"text": "Niklas Appelgren (born June 24, 1990) is a Finnish professional ice hockey winger who currently represents Saimaan Pallo of the Liiga. Appelgren previously played in Mestis for KooKoo and Hermes before making his Liiga debut for Sport during the 2016\u201317 season, playing two games during a loan spell from Hermes. On April 13, 2017, Appelgren signed for \u00c4ss\u00e4t. Appelgren played with \u00c4ss\u00e4t for six years. Appelgren stopped playing for \u00c4ss\u00e4t and became a free agent after the 2022\u201323 season. Appelgren signed a two-year deal with Saimaan Pallo."}, {"text": "Alexandrea Owens-Sarno (born November 9, 1988) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as eight-year-old Cora Cartmell, a young steerage passenger in the 1997 film \"Titanic\" who dances with Jack Dawson (Leonardo DiCaprio) at an Irish party. Biography. Owens-Sarno was born in 1988 in San Diego, California. She made her acting debut as Cora Cartmell in James Cameron's 1997 epic \"Titanic\". Her mother took both her and her younger sister Rachel, then 3, to audition for roles at the film set in Rosarito Beach, Baja California. Owens-Sarno, then in third grade, lined up with ten other girls, all blondes, said a few lines and danced a few steps with the casting director, and was dismissed. A week later she was offered the role of Cora; her mother and sister were cast as extras. The family spent six months on location during the filming. She became known as \"the \"Titanic\" girl\" among her schoolmates, and has since been asked many times what it was like to perform opposite Leonardo DiCaprio, then a teenage heartthrob, who played the lead role of Jack Dawson. She recalls that he was very \"sweet\" to her, getting her peanut butter and jelly"}, {"text": "sandwiches, making faces at her from behind the camera, and chatting with her between takes. He also romped around and played tickling games with her younger sister. Following her appearance in \"Titanic\", Owens-Sarno hired an agent and began auditioning for other film roles. She was constantly recognized on the street and asked for autographs, and finally decided to take a break from acting. However, she has dutifully kept up with fan mail over the years and sends out autographed pictures of herself in her \"Titanic\" role. After college she moved to Los Angeles and enrolled in acting classes. She presently works in improv and sketch comedy."}, {"text": "The Richmond Tithing Office, also known as Bishop's Storehouse, in Richmond, Utah, was built in 1907. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. It is a one-story square red brick building with a pyramid roof, built upon a coursed ashlar foundation. It has a projecting gabled pavilion with a flat arched opening on its symmetrical front facade, with attached pilasters. A small domed cupola surmounts the roof. It served as a tithing building for the local Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It was built to a standard plan for tithing offices produced in about 1905, one of at least three standard plans; the Sandy Tithing Office (also surviving and NRHP-listed) and tithing offices in Manti and Panguitch are nearly identical, and the Hyrum Stake Tithing Office (also surviving and NRHP-listed) is very similar. The building is significant \"as one of about ten tithing offices which, having been built according to standard plans issued from church headquarters, represent the first known instances of centralized building administration in the LDS church.\""}, {"text": "Nostoc thermotolerans was a newly isolated strain of cyanobacteria cultured in Mandsaur, Madhya Pradesh, India as of 2017. In habitat, these cyanobacteria live in macroscopic light blue-green mats found in the crevices of small hillocks. This Nostoc species lives in an extremely hot and dry environment, which the name implies. \"Thermotolerans\" (heat - tolerating) (\"Therm\u00e8\" (heat), \"tolerans\" (tolerating)). The environmental temperature ranges from 43 \u00b0C (day) to 29 \u00b0C (night) and the average soil pH is 7.3 [1]. Phenotypic characteristics. \"Nostoc thermotolerans\" are gram-negative photoautotrophs. Non-motile, barrel-shaped cells that form filaments called trichomes. Trichomes usually consist of 30-150 cells with a combination of vegetative and heterocyte cells. Vegetative cells are carbon fixing cells, which are 3.6 \u03bcm in length and 3.4 - 3.8 \u03bcm in width. Heterocytes are specialized nitrogen fixing cells, which are 4.7 \u2013 6.0 \u03bcm in length and 3.3 - 5.2 \u03bcm in width [1]. Novel species characteristics. This strain was able be isolated in lab allowing documentation of morphological and phenotypical analysis. DNA was extracted from culture using Himedia Ultrasensitive Spin Purification Kit (MB505). Sanger method sequencing was used for 16S rRNA gene (1476 bp), rbcl gene, ropC1 gene and ni\u0192D gene sequencing. 16S-23S internal transcribed"}, {"text": "spacer (ITS) was used for difference in folding patterns. The methods used by Suradkar et al. (2017) suggest statistical difference for new novel strain of Nostoc; \"Nostoc thermotolerns\"."}, {"text": "The Beeches is a mid 19th-century painting by American artist Asher Brown Durand. Done in oil on canvas, the work depicts a forested path in the Northeastern United States. \"Beeches\" has been described as one of Durand's earlier works of Naturalist art. Description. \"The Beeches\" was painted by Asher Brown Durand in 1845 on behalf of Abraham Cozzens, a prominent New York art collector. The painting was heavily influenced by the work of British painter John Constable, whose work Durand had viewed during an 1840 trip to the United Kingdom. Durand's work reflects a deviation in the Hudson River School in which landscape paintings began to shift focus from dramatic natural scenes to more tranquil scenes. \"The Beeches\" is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art."}, {"text": "Party of the South may refer to :"}, {"text": "Robbie Deas (born 27 February 2000) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a defender for club Kilmarnock. Club career. Celtic. Deas signed his first professional contract with Celtic in 2018. He scored the winning goal in stoppage time as Celtic youths beat Rangers 3\u20132 to lift the Glasgow Cup in May 2019. Loan moves to Cowdenbeath and Alloa Athletic. On 23 August 2018, Deas joined Scottish League Two club Cowdenbeath on loan for the 2018\u201319 season. On 9 October 2018, he was named in the SPFL team of the week after a narrow 1\u20130 victory over Stirling Albion at Central Park. On 2 August 2019, Deas moved on loan to Scottish Championship club Alloa Athletic for the 2019\u201320 season. Inverness CT. Deas left Celtic after the 2019\u201320 season and signed a three-year contract with Inverness Caledonian Thistle. He played for Inverness in the 2023 Scottish Cup final, which they lost 3\u20131 to Celtic. Kilmarnock. Despite interest from Livingston earlier in the year, it was announced that Deas had signed a two-year contract with Scottish Premiership club Kilmarnock on 5 June 2023. International career. Deas has represented Scotland at the under-17, under-19 and under-21 levels. Deas received his first"}, {"text": "call-up to the Scottish under-21 squad on 25 May 2021, alongside Inverness teammates Roddy MacGregor, Daniel MacKay and Cameron Harper, ahead of two friendlies against Northern Ireland. Personal life. Deas is the nephew of former footballer Paul Deas."}, {"text": "Erich Uelmen (born May 19, 1996) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the High Point Rockers of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies. Amateur career. Uelmen attended Faith Lutheran High School in Las Vegas, Nevada, where he played baseball. In 2014, his senior year, he earned All-State honors after going 9\u20131 with a 1.19 ERA, striking out 89 batters over innings alongside batting .510. Undrafted in the 2014 Major League Baseball draft, he enrolled at California Polytechnic State University where he played college baseball. In 2015, Uelmen's freshman year at Cal Poly, he appeared in 16 games (making one start) in which he went 0\u20131 with a 7.08 ERA over twenty innings. That summer, he played in the Northwoods League with the Eau Claire Express. As a sophomore at Cal Poly in 2016, Uelmen went 5\u20133 with a 3.68 ERA, striking out seventy over 93 innings. Following the season, he played in the Cape Cod Baseball League for the Yarmouth-Dennis Red Sox, going 2\u20131 with a 4.87 ERA over twenty innings. In 2017, his junior season, he pitched to a 4\u20138 record with"}, {"text": "a 2.93 ERA over 15 starts, earning Big West Conference Second Team honors. After the season, he was selected by the Chicago Cubs in the fourth round of the 2017 Major League Baseball draft. Professional career. Chicago Cubs. Uelmen signed with the Cubs and made his professional debut with the Eugene Emeralds of the Low\u2013A Northwest League, compiling a 2.04 ERA over innings. In 2018, he began the season with the South Bend Cubs of the Single\u2013A Midwest League before being promoted to the Myrtle Beach Pelicans of the High\u2013A Carolina League in June. Over 21 games (twenty starts) between the two teams, he went 8\u20138 with a 3.83 ERA, striking out 82 over innings. Uelmen returned to Myrtle Beach to begin the 2019 season before earning a promotion to the Tennessee Smokies of the Double\u2013A Southern League in July, with whom he finished the season; over 17 starts with both clubs, he pitched to a 5\u20136 record with a 4.55 ERA, compiling 76 strikeouts over 91 innings. Following the season, he was selected to play in the Arizona Fall League with the Mesa Solar Sox. Uelmen did not play a minor league game in 2020 due to the cancellation"}, {"text": "of the minor league season caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. He returned to the Smokies (now members of the Double-A South to begin the 2021 season. He moved into the bullpen during the season, and earned a promotion to the Iowa Cubs of the Triple-A East in mid-August. Over 31 games (11 starts) between the two teams, Uelmen went 2\u20139 with a 5.78 ERA and 88 strikeouts over innings. He returned to Iowa to begin the 2022 season. On July 17, 2022, the Cubs selected Uelmen's contract and promoted him to the major leagues. He made his MLB debut on July 22 at Wrigley Field versus the Philadelphia Phillies pitching one inning in relief, giving up one run while striking out a batter. On September 23, Uelmen allowed a hit and two walks in a scoreless inning against the Pittsburgh Pirates to earn his first career save. He was designated for assignment on December 24. Philadelphia Phillies. On January 4, 2023, Uelmen was traded to the Philadelphia Phillies in exchange for cash considerations. Uelmen was optioned to the Triple-A Lehigh Valley IronPigs to begin the 2023 season. He made only one appearance for Philadelphia, surrendering four runs on three hits"}, {"text": "with one strikeouts across an inning of work. On September 30, Uelmen was placed on the 60\u2013day injured list with a right flexor strain, ending his season. Following the season on November 6, Uelmen was removed from the 40\u2013man roster and sent outright to Triple\u2013A Lehigh Valley. He elected free agency the same day. Arizona Diamondbacks. On June 4, 2024, Uelmen signed a minor league contract with the Arizona Diamondbacks. In 25 appearances split between the Triple-A Reno Aces and rookie-level Arizona Complex League Diamondbacks, he compiled an aggregate 1-0 record and 5.58 ERA with 28 strikeouts across innings pitched. Uelmen elected free agency following the season on November 4. High Point Rockers. On April 16, 2025, Uelmen signed with the High Point Rockers of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball."}, {"text": "Chronicle of the Black Labyrinth: A Forbidden Tome of Wyrmish Lore is a supplement published by White Wolf Publishing in 1997 for the horror role-playing game \"\". Contents. \"Chronicle of the Black Labyrinth\" is a 104-page softcover book designed by Sam Inabinet, with artwork by Ron Brown, Mike Chaney, Matt Milberger, John Cobb, Andrew Mitchell Kudelka, and Larry MacDougall. It is written from the point of view of an occultist named Frater, and includes journal entries, collections of lore, and personal memoirs of magic and arcana that all center around the Wyrm and other key concepts in the \"Werewolf: The Apocalypse\" game setting. Reception. In the June 1996 edition of \"Arcane\" (Issue 7), Mark Barter was ambivalent about the book, saying it was \"Recommended for hardcore \"Werewolf\" campaigns only.\" In the November 1996 edition of \"Dragon\" (Issue #235), Rick Swan thought this book \"goes out of its way to flaunt its eccentricity... You've never seen anything like it.\" Swan admitted that the book did evoke \"an atmosphere that is genuinely disturbing.\" But he concluded by giving the book only an average rating of 4 out of 6, saying, \"Much of it borders on the incomprehensible... If you\u2019re a connoisseur of"}, {"text": "the bizarre, \"Black Labyrinth\" belongs in your library, even though it's likely to make your other books recoil in disgust.\""}, {"text": "Rolf Gomes is an Australian cardiologist. He founded Heart of Australia, an organisation that delivers specialist medical services (currently cardiac and respiratory health) to people in rural Queensland using large trucks to carry the diagnostic and treatment equipment normally only available in cities."}, {"text": "Frank Baker (born 1968) is an American politician who represented District 3 on the Boston City Council until January 2024. He was first elected on November 8, 2011. Personal life. Baker is the 12th child of John and Eileen Baker, and was raised in Saint Margaret's Parish (now St. Teresa of Calcutta), which is better known as the Savin Hill section of Dorchester. He graduated in 1986 from Don Bosco Technical High School where he has studied printing trade. Between 1987 and 2010 he worked in the printing department at the City of Boston. He is a member of the CWA/Boston Typographical Union. He is married to his wife Today and they have two children. Boston City Council. Baker was first elected to the Boston City Council representing District 3 in 2011. Incumbent District 3 Council Maureen Feeney declined to run for reelection, and a large field of candidates ran to replace her. Baker faced John O'Toole in the general election, with Baker running out of the northern part of the district in Savin Hill, and O'Toole drawing his support from the southern part of the district in Adams Village and Neponset. The race was widely seen at the time"}, {"text": "as a contest between then-Mayor Thomas Menino and State Representative and Boston Building Trades' chief Marty Walsh, with Menino backing O'Toole, and Walsh backing Baker. Baker won, receiving 5,262 votes to O'Toole's 4,120. Baker is affiliated with the Democratic Party, and was regarded to be one of the council's more conservative members. He was a member of the council's de facto centrist/conservative voting bloc, which in the 2022\u201323 council term also included Michael F. Flaherty, Ed Flynn, and Erin Murphy. He served as the chair of the Jobs, Wages, and Workforce Development Committee and the Special Committee on Charter Reform. He also served as vice chair of the Planning, Development and Transportation Committee; as well as a member of the committees on Census and Redistricting; City, Neighborhood Services and Veterans Affairs; Government Operations; Homelessness; Mental Health and Recovery; Housing and Community Development; and Ways and Means. In 2016, while chairing the Charter Reform Committee, Baker proposed that council members serve four year terms, not two year terms. His arguments include that the members running for reelection spent much of the second year running and not focusing on the Council and that the city could save approximately $1.6 million by not"}, {"text": "having elections in low turn out years. The council vote 8\u20131 in favor but at the time, it was not clear what Mayor Marty Walsh thought about the proposal. He would need to sign off on the proposal and send it to the State House for a vote in order for it to take effect. In 2023, Baker and Murphy were the only two City Council members to vote against advancing a home rule petition asking the state to allow the city to implement proposals by Mayor Michelle Wu to reform the Boston Planning & Development Agency and to enact a form of rent control. Baker was one of four Boston City Councilors that voted against the council's redistricting map that was approved after the 2020 United States Census. The map made alterations to the shape of Baker's district and a neighboring district. To account for the population growth of the South Boston Waterfront, several white majority conservative precincts in his district were moved into a neighboring district. Baker took particular issue with the map's separation of precincts around Dorchester's Adams Village business area into different city council districts. The map that Baker was against was ultimately prohibited by preliminary"}, {"text": "injunction from being used in the 2023 Boston City Council election after a ruling by Federal Judge Patti Saris. At a City Council meeting early October 2023, Baker and Sharon Durkan opposed holding an immediate vote on a resolution proposed at the meeting by Tania Fernandes Anderson related to the Gaza war. Unlike other resolutions related to the conflict that were being discussed at the meeting, Fernandes Anderson's resolution was not focused on condemning the October 7 Hamas-led attack on Israel, and instead centered on calling for a ceasefire. Fernandes Anderson's resolution characterized the attack as a \"military operation\" rather than an act of terrorism. The resolution was referred to the committee of the whole instead of being voted on. In December 2023, Baker voted against a home rule petition that would seek state approval for Boston to extend voting participation in municipal elections to non-citizen residents with legal status. In 2023, Baker announced that after six terms on city council that he would not be running for another term. In 2025, he announced that he would be running to re-join the council, this time seeking an at-large seat. Election Results. 2019. 2017. 2015."}, {"text": "Sergio Marchisio (born 1949) is a full professor at Sapienza University of Rome. He also serves as an expert legal consultant for the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and as a delegate to various international organizations and conferences. Throughout his career, he has conducted comprehensive legal studies, which embrace numerous areas of international and European law. The examination of international legal practice and the behaviour of states has a central role in his scientific research. He has often been involved in law-making processes leading to the creation of international legal norms. Education and academic career. Marchisio began his academic career as assistant professor and \"charg\u00e9 de cours\" of international law at the Universities of Florence and Camerino. In 1979, he became a full professor at the University of Perugia. In 1997 he was appointed a full professor at Sapienza University. From 1995 to 2015, Marchisio taught European Union Law at LUISS Guido Carli University of Rome. Since 1998, he has been a member of the scientific board of the Sapienza's Ph.D. in Public, Comparative, and International Law. He is also the director of the 2nd Level Master's Course in International Protection of Human Rights (2007\u2013present). Since 2014, he has been"}, {"text": "a member of the academic board of the Sapienza School for Advanced Studies (SSAS). He has been invited to give keynote lectures and speeches to several national and foreign universities. In 2016, he taught \"Les activit\u00e9s spatiales internationales entre droit public et droit priv\u00e9\" at The Hague Academy of International Law. Scientific contribution. Throughout his scientific career, Marchisio has thoroughly examined several topics in international law. His general scientific approach follows the model of normativism, having studied it with leading experts, alongside the prompt verification of international practice. He has contributed to the study of Italian treaty-making power and the identification of the conditional norms required for an autonomous power of the government to conclude agreements in simplified form, which was not expressly provided by Italy's written Constitution of 1948. A typical case of the exercise of the governmental power to conclude agreements in simplified form was that of the conventional regime regarding military bases located in foreign territory under international law, including the practice concerning the conclusion of secret treaties. In the 1970s, he was a pioneer in the study of legal issues until then neglected by academic legal experts, such as international development law within the United Nations"}, {"text": "system, the status of international non-governmental organizations, and the legal framework of multi-bilateral cooperation. Because of his belief in the importance of international practice, he carried out under the supervision of Roberto Ago, Luigi Ferrari Bravo and Giorgio Gaja, long-standing research on the Italian practice of international law, which was edited and published in 1995 by the National Research Council (CNR) (Volumes I-VIII), subsequently digitalized and available at www.prassi.cnr.it. This was made possible thanks to the creation of the Institute for International Legal Studies of the National Research Council, of which he was the founder and then director between 1994 and 2011. He also has studied the legal and institutional aspects of international organizations, particularly the United Nations (FAO, the status of EU as member of international organization, the role of the General Assembly in the maintenance of peace, peacekeeping operations and the use of force, the relation between general international law and the law of the UN); international environmental law (general aspects of dispute settlement, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, the promotion of sustainable development in the Mediterranean area); international criminal law (Statute of the ICC, the Priebke case and the non-applicability of the ICC Statute); as"}, {"text": "well as many other areas of international law such as human rights, refugee law, and disarmament. As a member of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, since the late 1990s, he has devoted special attention to the study of space law and has written various publications, beginning with \"Lezioni di diritto aerospaziale\" in 2000. He is the author of over 200 scientific publications, including: \"Corso di diritto internazionale\" (2017); \"Diritto ambientale. Profili internazionali, europei, comparati\" (2017); \"Disarmo, limitazione degli armamenti e diritti umani\" (2016); \"L\u2019ONU. Il diritto delle Nazioni Unite\" (2012); \"Rio 1992. Vertice per la Terra\" (1993); \"Le basi militari nel diritto internazionale\" (1984); \"La cooperazione per lo sviluppo nel diritto delle Nazioni Unite\" (1977). Professional career. In addition to his scientific contributions, he has participated in several international negotiations. He has always adopted a pragmatic approach to solving legal problems raised during discussions. In this sense, he has been involved in several negotiations and international initiatives regarding the identification of or creation of norms governing responsible behaviour in outer space. Between 2001 and 2002, he was Chair of the Committee of Governmental Experts entrusted to negotiate the UNIDROIT Space Assets Protocol to the Cape"}, {"text": "Town Convention and of the Commission of the Whole of the Berlin Diplomatic Conference, which adopted the Protocol. He currently chairs the Preparatory Commission, established pursuant to Resolution 1 of the Berlin Diplomatic Conference, to act as Provisional Supervisory Authority for the establishment of the International Registry for Space Assets. He was a delegate to the COPUOS, where he served as Chairman of the Legal Subcommittee (2004\u20132006) and, in 2010, Co-chair of the Expert Group D of the Working Group of the COPUOS Scientific and Technical Subcommittee (STSC) on the Long-term Sustainability of the Outer Space Activities (LTSSA). He was also a delegate to the EU Council's Working Party on Global Disarmament and Arms Control (CODUN, 2007\u20132015), and to the Working Party on Non-Proliferation (CONOP, 2016\u2013present). He was a member of the EEAS-EU Task Force for the International Code of Conduct on Outer Space Activities (ICoC) and a delegate to the EU consultation and negotiation process on the ICoC (2007\u20132015). He was elected Chair of the multilateral negotiations on an ICoC held at the United Nations in New York, in July 2015. He has been a member of the UN Groups of Governmental Experts (GGE): Outer Space Transparency and Confidence-Building"}, {"text": "Measures (GA Resolution 65/68) and on Practical Measures for the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space (GA Resolution 72/250). He has been a delegate to many international diplomatic conferences, such as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro, 1992); the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court (Rome, 1998); the 2001 Cape Town Diplomatic Conference for the adoption of the UNIDROIT Convention on International Interests in High-Value Mobile Equipment and Protocol on Aircraft Assets (Cape Town, 2001). Until 2014, he was a Member of the Italian Section of the International Commission on Civil Status of Strasbourg (CIEC). Since 2007 he has been Chairman of the European Centre for Space Law (ECSL) within the European Space Agency (ESA). He is also a member of the Advisory Council of the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI). Since 2019, he has been appointed General Counsel of the International Astronautical Federation. From 2014 to 2018, he was a member of the Board of Directors of the Italian Space Agency (ASI). Honours. In 2011, he received the Award of the International Academy of Astronautics for Social Sciences for his contribution to space law."}, {"text": "In 2015, he received the Distinguished Service Award of the International Institute of Space Law for his leadership in the development of international law and institutions and his leading role in advancing international space law in the United Nations and other intergovernmental bodies. In 2019, he received the Sapienza Human Rights Award for his contribution to the progressive development of international human rights law and the promotion of the study and teaching of human rights."}, {"text": "Czarnota is a Polish surname derived from the color black. Notable people with the surname include:"}, {"text": "Finantsinspektsioon (Estonian Financial Supervision and Resolution Authority) is a financial supervision and crisis resolution authority with autonomous responsibilities and budget that works on behalf of the state of Estonia and is independent in its decision-making. Finantsinspektsioon carries out state supervision over banks, insurance companies, insurance intermediaries, investment firms, fund managers, investment and pension funds, payment institutions, e-money institutions, creditors and credit intermediaries, and the securities market that all operate under activity licences granted by Finantsinspektsioon."}, {"text": "The Tony Grove Ranger Station Historic District, in Cache County, Utah near Logan, Utah, was listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. The listing included three contributing buildings and a contributing site on . It is located off U.S. Route 89, about northeast of Logan, Utah in Cache National Forest. It has also been known as Tony Grove Memorial Ranger Station, or Tony Grove Nursery, or Tony Grove Ranger District. It has an original log cabin built around 1907, or at least between 1907 and 1911, \"shortly after the passage of the Sundry Civil Appropriations Act of 1897 that enabled the creation of the U.S. Forest Service. The other structures are of frame construction and were added between 1937 and 1939. Their construction was related to the use of the site as a tree nursery.\" The cabin is \" architecturally significant as an excellent example of an early twentieth-century log cabin. Its saw-hewn logs and half-dovetail notching exhibit a level of craftsmanship unmatched by other extant cabins of the period in this area.\" It was home of the Tony Grove Nursery established in 1936 with goal to produce seedlings to revive national forests"}, {"text": "in Utah and Idaho. Various nursery-related buildings were built by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), and 1.5 million seedlings were started at the nursery. Nursery stock produced, valued at $17,954, was delivered in 1942 to the School of Forestry at Utah State Agricultural College and to fourteen national forests in U.S. Forest Service Region IV. The ranger station was restored and was going to be made available for rental in 2016."}, {"text": "Atso Askonen (born February 20, 1970) is a Finnish retired professional ice hockey forward. Askonen played five games for KooKoo during the 1989\u201390 SM-liiga season where he scored no points. He continued to play with KooKoo in the 1. Divisioona until 1996. After retiring in 2002, Askonen returned to KooKoo as head coach of their Jr. C and Jr. B teams. He later became an assistant coach for Pelicans' Jr. B team."}, {"text": "Susan Margaret Smith (born 1962), known as Huhana Smith, is a contemporary New Zealand artist and academic, and head of Whiti o Rehua School of Art at Massey University. Between 2003 and 2009, she was senior curator M\u0101ori at Te Papa. Background. Born in 1962 in Yarrawonga, Victoria, Australia, Smith is of M\u0101ori descent and affiliates to Ng\u0101ti Tukorehe and Ng\u0101ti Raukawa ki te Tonga. Smith had an art practice in Melbourne, Australia in the late 1980s. She came to New Zealand in 1993 to pursue studies in M\u0101ori language. She was the first graduate from the Toioho ki \u0100piti (Bachelor of M\u0101ori Visual Arts) programme at Massey in 1997. She also holds a Postgraduate Diploma in Museum Studies (1998) and a PhD in M\u0101ori Studies from Massey University. Career. Smith has worked at Te Puni K\u014dkiri and at Te Papa. Whilst at Te Papa she was the general editor of a number of books about M\u0101ori arts where she profiled contemporary artists such as Wi Taepa, Lisa Reihana, Kura Te Waru Rewiri and Saffronn Te Ratana, and also taonga tuku iho (ancestral M\u0101ori treasures) from Te Papa's collections. In 2016 Smith took the head role at Whiti o Rehua"}, {"text": "School of Arts at Massey University in Wellington. Smith's recent research, part of a large interdisciplinary project with Vision M\u0101tauranga Deep South Challenge National Science Challenge funding combines m\u0101tauranga M\u0101ori methods with science to actively address climate change concerns for coastal M\u0101ori lands in Horowhenua-K\u0101piti. It was exhibited in the Dowse Art Museum as part of the exhibition \"This Time of Useful Consciousness: Political Ecology Now\" in 2017. Honours and awards. Smith was a finalist in the Art Waikato National Art Awards in 2000 and 2002. In the 2023 King's Birthday and Coronation Honours, Smith was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to the environment."}, {"text": "Wrights Creek may refer to:"}, {"text": "Jakub B\u0142awat (born 31 March 1982) is a Polish former footballer who played as a forward. Career. B\u0142awat started his career with the youth levels of KP Sopot, joining the first team in 2001. In 2003 he gained attention in the KP Sopot win over Lechia Gda\u0144sk, in which he scored two goals. It was his performance in this match which ultimately got him a transfer to Lechia Gda\u0144sk in the next transfer window. He made his Lechia debut against Wybrze\u017ce Objazda on 28 March 2004, and went on to play 8 games and scored 9 goals for the rest of that season as Lechia won the IV liga (fourth tier). The following season Lechia once again won promotion, with Jakub B\u0142awat contributing 5 goals in 14 games. During the 2005-06 season B\u0142awat had a falling out with the manager Marcin Kaczmarek, and was loaned to Cartusia Kartuzy as a result. His final appearance for Lechia came in the II liga against Zag\u0142\u0119bie Sosnowiec. After his contract was not renewed at the end of the season B\u0142awat joined Olimpia Osowa before finishing his playing career with KP Sopot. Honours. Lechia Gda\u0144sk"}, {"text": "Janet or Jan Thompson may refer to:"}, {"text": "\"Tutu\" (transl. \"You-you\") is a song by Colombian singer Camilo and Puerto Rican singer Pedro Cap\u00f3. The song was written by Camilo and its producers, Jon Leone and Richi Lopez. It was released on 9 August 2019. Due to the song's success, a remix with fellow singer Shakira was released on 15 October 2019. \"Tutu\" is a pop song based on urban beats. The lyrics were inspired by the love Camilo feels for his girlfriend, Evaluna Montaner, who is also the protagonist of the music video. Live performances. On November 24, 2019, Camilo and Pedro Cap\u00f3 joined Shakira to perform the remix version of the song at the closing ceremony of the 2019 Davis Cup in Madrid. Shakira remix. Background and release. In October 2019, Shakira posted a video of herself singing along to \u201cTutu\u201d on Instagram. She captioned the video saying \u201cI can\u2019t get this song out of my head!\u201d. She privately messaged Echeverry, asking to record a remix of the song. Critical reception. In \"Rolling Stone\", Lucas Villa viewed the \"Tutu\" remix as an \"airy, feminine touch, treating Echeverry\u2019s lyrics with the utmost care.\""}, {"text": "Silicon Valley, a region located in the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area, is one of the most expensive regions to live in the United States, and many residents lack access to affordable housing. In 2018, the median home price across the area was $1.18 million, the highest of the 100 largest metro areas in the U.S. There have been local efforts to address affordable housing, as well as state measures in response to housing issues across California (see California housing shortage). Silicon Valley does not have concrete boundaries, and is defined differently by different organizations. Thus, housing initiatives and data often come from specific cities, counties, or metro areas, rather than the entire region. Statistics referencing the \"Silicon Valley\" refer to Joint Venture Silicon Valley's 2019 Index, which includes all of Santa Clara and San Mateo counties, as well as select cities in Alameda and Santa Cruz counties. Cost and availability of affordable housing. In 2018, the median rental rate in Silicon Valley was $2,911, the highest of any major metropolitan region in the United States. At $3.20 per square foot, the San Jose metro area has the second highest rental rate per square foot in the"}, {"text": "United States, behind San Francisco at $3.42. In comparison, the median rental rate per square foot in New York was $2.67; in Las Vegas, it was $1.20. The 2018 median home price in Silicon Valley was $1.18 million, a 21% increase from 2017. Almost 90% of low income renters in the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara metro area were cost burdened in 2017, meaning they spent more than 30% of their income on housing. Over a third of mid-income renters were cost burdened as well. In the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara metropolitan area, there are 30 available and affordable housing units for every 100 extremely low-income households below 30% of the area median income. There are 43 available and affordable units for every 100 low income households below 50% of the area median income. The average monthly inventory of homes for sale in Silicon Valley has seen a major decline in past years: in 2011, there were around 7,000 homes for sale each month; in 2018, there were just over 3,000. In California, local governments work with the state government to develop a Regional Housing Need Allocation, the number of housing units that should be created in an area to meet its housing"}, {"text": "needs. Between 2015 and 2018, Silicon Valley cities permitted 85% of units needed to reach the goal for residents in the Above Moderate Income category, or residents who make above 120% of the area median income. However, for very low income, low income, and moderate income residents, there has been far less housing production; 5%, 6%, and 2% of the need has been met for those groups, respectively. Intersection of jobs and housing. A major cause of high housing costs in Silicon Valley is expansive job growth without adequate housing production. In 2018, close to 36,000 new jobs were created in the area (34% of which were tech jobs); only 8,400 new residential units were issued permits. Corporate housing investments. Several Silicon Valley companies have taken steps to aid the area's housing shortage. In January 2019, a group called The Partnership for the Bay's Future announced a $500 million investment in affordable housing in Silicon Valley. The project was spearheaded by the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, founded by Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan. Other supporters include Morgan Stanley, Kaiser Permanente, Facebook and Genentech. The group will create an investment fund to preserve current housing and build new"}, {"text": "units, as well as a policy fund to support governments and other groups in affordable housing endeavors. In June 2019, Google announced that it would invest $1 billion to aid the housing shortage in Silicon Valley. Their plan includes working with local government to lease company-owned land to developers, and creating a $750 million investment fund to incentivize affordable housing construction. In October 2019, Facebook announced that they would also be investing $1 billion in California housing. The money will be used in several different ways. Facebook will partner with the California state government and spend $250 million to build mixed-income housing on state land. $150 million will support affordable housing development, particularly for the homeless, through the Partnership for the Bay's Future. Facebook will produce over 1,500 mixed-income units on $225 million of their own land in Menlo Park, and they will spend $25 million to build housing for teachers throughout Silicon Valley. The remaining $350 million will be spent depending on the success of each project. In November 2019, Apple announced a $2.5 billion investment in California housing. Apple will create a $1 billion investment fund for affordable housing, and another $1 billion mortgage assistance fund to aid"}, {"text": "first-time homebuyers in California. They will also make $300 million worth of company-owned land available for affordable housing production, create a $150 million fund to support affordable housing specifically in the Bay Area, and donate $50 million to Destination: Home, a non-profit that addresses homelessness in Silicon Valley. Since 2015. Since 2015, there have been reports of a changing environment in the housing market. Job growth in Silicon Valley has been slowing since 2015, and 2018 saw the lowest rate of job growth since the Great Recession. The rate of population growth has also been decreasing since 2015, and more people are moving out of the area than moving into it. Since April 2018, the median sale price of homes in Santa Clara County has been dropping; neighboring San Mateo County has not had the same steady downward trend, but median home sale prices were lower in August 2019 than their peak in January 2018. The Mercury News reported that in March 2019, the median home sale price for all nine counties of the Bay Area dropped for the first time in seven years. Furthermore, the average monthly inventory of homes for sale in Silicon Valley increased 15% from 2017"}, {"text": "to 2018. Real estate agents report an increasing number of middle-aged and elderly residents selling their homes and moving to more affordable locations, and although this has not made the housing market \"affordable\", it is causing changes. Zoning. A proposed solution to affordable housing has been to change zoning laws to allow increased density, although critics, often long-time residents, frequently oppose such measures and say they will worsen the already-bad traffic in the area. In 2018, Palo Alto passed a number of changes to zoning laws with the goal of incentivizing housing production, both market-rate and subsidized. Since then, the city council passed the first completely affordable housing development since 2013, a 59 unit apartment complex targeting low-income residents. Policy recommendations. Public transportation is often cited as an important feature in producing affordable housing . Experts suggest investing in affordable housing as a whole, including better connecting the 27 different transit agencies in the Bay Area, as well as strategically building affordable housing close to public transportation routes. Affordable housing proponents also suggest making the permitting process easier for developers to get through, and subsidizing affordable housing construction or reducing fees. The California Housing Partnership, a statewide nonprofit, issues housing"}, {"text": "reports for counties across the state and works with local organizations to develop county-specific recommendations. Their April 2018 report suggested that Santa Clara County set aside more units in new developments for very low- and low-income families, focus more on the homeless population, change policies that create barriers for housing developers, and look further into the development of accessory dwelling units. Affordable housing initiatives by city. San Jose. San Jose plans to build over 6,000 rental units in 2019, a 283% increase from the number of units built last year. The city has also recently passed a bill to subsidize the production of high rise buildings in the downtown area, although it is a controversial move that critics say will benefit developers but harm workers. The city's first ever affordable housing complex for previously homeless residents, Second Street Studios, opened in August 2019. San Jose was one of few cities in America to have rent control laws, which were adopted by the city in 1979. A statewide rent control bill was signed into law by governor Gavin Newsom in October 2019. With the growth of Silicon Valley, the City of San Jose has been tasked by the California Department of"}, {"text": "Housing and Urban Development to build 23,775 units of low-income housing by 2031. Of those 23,775 units, 15,088 will be designated for extremely low-income and very low-income households. The remaining 8,687 units will be designated for low-income households. In Spring of 2020, the San Jose City Council approved the McEvoy and Dupont Apartments to be built in downtown San Jose. Combined, the McEvoy and Dupont will have 365 affordable units designated for working individuals and families. Both towers will receive a LEED Platinum rating and built using mass timber, an innovative sustainability technique. On May 18, 2023, the San Jose City Council approved a plan to issue approximately $120 million in housing revenue bonds. These bonds will be used to finance two projects: the Charles and Tamien Station. The Charles is a 97-unit apartment complex for households earning incomes of 30% to 50% of the area median income. Tamien Station will contain 134 units for households earning 30% to 60% of the area median income. To improve the approval process for developers, the City of San Jose plans to launch a streamline permitting process to reduce the time needed to secure permitting approval. In many surrounding cities, permitting may take"}, {"text": "several years, while San Jose projects may potentially be permitted in as few as six months. Sunnyvale. A 100% affordable housing complex known as \"Block 15\" is set to begin construction in downtown Sunnyvale in 2020. The 90-unit building will house low-income and extremely-low-income residents, with 23 units set aside for those with developmental disabilities."}, {"text": "\"Turn Off the Light\" is a 2001 song by Nelly Furtado. Turn Off the Light may also refer to:"}, {"text": "The History of Dundalk Football Club (1903\u20131965) briefly describes the introduction of association football to the town of Dundalk, Ireland in the pre-World War I period, then subsequently covers the period from the formation of the Dundalk G.N.R. Association Club in September 1903 to the takeover of the club as a public limited company in January 1966. This page also includes short articles about events and people that were an integral part of that period of the club's history. Football's origins in the town (1889\u20131914). Contemporary records of organised association football in the Dundalk area between the late 1880s (when the game was introduced), and the end of the World War I, are incomplete. The earliest reference to a Dundalk team playing in competition appears in the \"Belfast Newsletter\" of 2 October 1889, which stated that \"Dundalk\" had been drawn to play Newry Wanderers in the First Round of the Irish Football Association Irish Junior Cup \u2013 the third year of the competition. This side was a team from the Educational Institution (now Dundalk Grammar School). The school had adopted the game under its principal Thomas A. Finch, who had played while a student at Trinity College Dublin. Older references"}, {"text": "to \"Dundalk F.C.\" and \"Dundalk Football Club\" actually refer to the modern-day Dundalk Rugby Club, formed in 1877. In 1892, a new team called 'Dundalk' was formed. The \"Dundalk Democrat\" reported on a match that had occurred on Saturday 3 December 1892, which was the fifth encounter between Dundalk and the Institution 2nd XI, after four previous draws. This club established itself as the premier club in the town between about 1895 and 1904. They were runners-up to Bohemians in the 1896\u201397 Leinster Senior Cup Final, and were invited to enter the Leinster Senior League for the 1900\u201301 season in September 1900. They adopted the name \"Dundalk Rovers\" for the step up, but they did not survive the season, being requested to resign from the League \"owing to their inability to fulfil their engagements\". The club continued to compete in the junior cup competitions, however, reaching the Leinster Junior Cup Final in 1903, where they lost to St. Patrick's of Inchicore. Before the 1904\u201305 season commenced, the clubs of the town amalgamated under the 'Dundalk Association Football Club' banner in order to give the town a better chance at success in competition. The representatives of the Nomads club insisted that"}, {"text": "the 'Rovers' moniker be dropped to show that the new club was to represent the whole town. The amalgamated club reached the Leinster Junior Cup Final that season, being defeated by Shamrock Rovers. The following season it led the foundation of the Dundalk and District League (DDL) alongside Drogheda, St. Nicholas's, St Mary's College, Carrickmacross, and the Great Northern Railway. To \"save ambiguity\" they became known as Rovers again and formalised the name change the following year. St Mary's College won the DDL in its first season, with British Army sides winning it for the following three seasons. The League appears to have been inactive for the seasons 1909\u201310 to 1912\u201313, at a time when Gaelic football had become the dominant sport in the county (with Louth qualifying for three All-Ireland Finals in those years). Rovers were replaced by St Nicholas's as Dundalk's representatives in the Irish and Leinster Junior Cup competitions in those seasons. The DDL was reformed in 1913\u201314, and Rovers returned to the league and to contest the Junior Cups. But that was their last season of competition before World War I broke out. After they failed to fulfil a 1914\u201315 Irish Junior Cup tie with Dundalk"}, {"text": "G.N.R. in November 1914, Rovers disappeared from competition until 1924, by which time 'the Railwaymen' had become the preeminent football club in the area. Dundalk G.N.R. in junior football (1903\u20131922). The Dundalk Great Northern Railway (G.N.R.) Football Club was established during the 1883\u201384 season as a rugby football club. They played their final rugby match in February 1903 and in September 1903 the club switched codes to association football, setting in motion its journey to become the modern-day Dundalk Football Club. The new club, known locally as 'the Railwaymen', adopted the Dundalk Athletic Grounds (a municipal facility shared by a number of sporting codes) as its home ground. At first, they played challenge matches against other teams in the area, including sides from British Army regiments garrisoned in the town, then became founder members of the DDL in 1905\u201306. There are no records of the club being active between the 1907\u201308 and 1912\u201313 seasons, however it rejoined the local league in 1913\u201314. The DDL was dormant during World War I, but Dundalk G.N.R. did compete in both the Irish and Leinster Junior Cup competitions of 1913\u201314, 1914\u201315 and 1916\u201317; while another side, Dundalk Town, competed in the 1917\u201318 and 1918\u201319"}, {"text": "competitions. In 1919, the founder of the Dundalk Town club, P.J. Casey (a future Dundalk A.F.C. committee member and League of Ireland honorary treasurer), led the revival of the Dundalk and District League and affiliated it with the Leinster Football Association. The G.N.R. club appears to have been inactive in the 1917\u201318 and 1918\u201319 seasons due to the war, but it re-formed too, and its members decided to enter every competition available to them that season \u2013 joining both the DDL and Newry and District League. A victory over Dundalk Town in the Irish Junior Cup of 1919\u201320, was a prelude to the G.N.R. team becoming the local scene's dominant side for the next three seasons. They had two wins and one runners-up finish in the DDL, and also won through to represent the district in the Junior Cup competitions each of those seasons. In 1920 they reached their first final, the Leinster Junior Cup Final, losing out to Avonmore after two replays. Stepping up (1922\u20131930). Following the partition of Ireland, and the creation of the Football Association of Ireland (after the Leinster F.A. split with the Belfast-based IFA), a new Free State League was formed for the 1921\u201322 season,"}, {"text": "made up exclusively of Dublin-based sides. Subsequently, Dundalk G.N.R. successfully applied to join the Leinster Senior League (LSL) for the 1922\u201323 season, one of a number of junior clubs replacing clubs that had left to join the new Free State League \u2013 becoming the LSL's only team based outside of the greater Dublin area in the process. Ironically, they had been the only club affiliated with the Leinster F.A. to object in writing to the decision to split with the IFA in 1921. In their first season in the LSL, the G.N.R. side finished fourth in the table (with three games in hand when the League was wrapped up), then finished third each of the following three seasons - coming closest to topping the table in 1925\u201326. That turned out to be the club's final season in that division as, in June 1926, they were elected to the Free State League to replace Pioneers, as the nascent League looked to spread to the provinces. They had previously applied for membership in the summer of 1924 but had been turned down. As it was entering its sixth season, nine clubs had already dropped out of the Free State League, so the"}, {"text": "challenge facing the new club was great. But Dundalk's unbroken participation in the League of Ireland was about to begin. On 21 August 1926 the team, still known as Dundalk G.N.R. and under the management of Joe McCleery (ex-Belfast Celtic), travelled to Cork to face fellow works-team Fordsons in the opening match of the 1926\u201327 season. The 30-strong group of players, officials and supporters who travelled were treated to a tour of the Ford factory before the game. The result was a 2\u20131 defeat for the new boys in a match the \"Cork Examiner\" described as being \"one of the best ever seen in Ballinlough\", Joey Quinn (one of three veterans remaining from the junior football days) with Dundalk's first League of Ireland goal. They finished their first League season in eighth position, then in mid-table the next three seasons. By this stage, the team represented the G.N.R. works in name only, and the club's management committee decided to make it independent of the company. In December 1927 new colours of white shirts with a crest of the town's coat of arms were adopted. They contested their first final as a senior club in April 1929\u2014the Leinster Senior Cup final\u2014losing"}, {"text": "in a replay. It was the last time the club was billed to be appearing as 'Dundalk G.N.R.', and the name of the club was formally changed to 'Dundalk A.F.C.' in the summer of 1930. Early successes (1930\u20131949). With a new manager, Steve Wright, \"doing everything except selling the programmes\", Dundalk finished as runners-up in both the League and the FAI Cup in 1930\u201331. Proof that they could compete at a national level gave the management committee confidence to press ahead, and the club was converted to a membership-based company\u2014 \"Dundalk A.F.C. Limited\" \u2014on 25 January 1932. They became the first team from outside of Dublin to win a league title in 1932\u201333. Indeed, they were the first team from outside Dublin or Belfast to win a league title in Ireland since the inception of the Irish League in 1890. In the process they secured their first league victories over Shelbourne and Bohemians \u2013 Dublin's two original Irish League clubs. A shot at a League and Shield Double was spurned, when three defeats in a row towards the end of the Shield programme saw them slip to a runners-up spot. After Wright departed in 1934, the club became notorious for"}, {"text": "the number of cup final defeats suffered. There were FAI Cup and Leinster Senior Cup final defeats in 1934\u201335, and Dublin City Cup and Leinster Senior Cup final defeats the following season, which was their last season at the Athletic Grounds. In the summer of 1936, the committee decided to move to land made available by P.J. Casey on the Carrick Road and named the new ground \"Oriel Park\". In 1936\u201337, the first season at their new home, they finished as runners-up again in both the City Cup and Leinster Senior Cup, as well as in the League. The search for cup success now became something of an obsession for both the club and the people of the town. Dundalk Rovers had lost one Leinster Senior Cup and two Leinster Junior Cup finals during their time as the town's premier side; while Dundalk G.N.R. had lost a Leinster Junior Cup final prior to joining the Leinster Senior League, and in their final match competing as \"Dundalk G.N.R.\", they had been defeated in their first Leinster Senior Cup final. The number of cup final defeats now stretched to eight across three tournaments since joining the Free State League. They had lost"}, {"text": "two Dublin City Cup finals in a row (being obliged to play the second, the 1937 final, against Sligo Rovers, 24-hours after defeating Waterford in the semi-final), so when they won the 1938 City Cup, defeating Cork 2\u20131 after extra time in the final, there was much rejoicing. \"Dundalk have at last won a Cup Final!\" exclaimed the \"Irish Press\". Following on from the City cup win, they led the Shield midway through its schedule, but, despite only losing once, they fell away due to the number of matches drawn. There was a similar story in the League, where they had the best defensive record and thrashed eventual champions Shamrock Rovers 5\u20131 in Glenmalure Park, but a run of three defeats saw them fall two points short of the title. Ironically, the losses to two of those teams \u2013 Sligo Rovers and Waterford \u2013 were followed by victories over both in the FAI Cup, to set up a final against St James's Gate \u2013 the third of those teams to defeat them in the League. The City Cup win hadn't changed their final day luck, however, as a third FAI Cup Final defeat followed. Another opportunity to win their first"}, {"text": "Shield was spurned in 1939\u201340 with a final day home defeat to Sligo Rovers when a win would have sealed it. With the club still heavily relying on gate receipts from cup ties to cover costs, a first-round defeat to Leinster Senior League side Distillery in the FAI Cup was a huge setback. Within days a number of players had been transferred to cut the wage bill, and trainer Gerry McCourt played a number of matches \u2013 despite having retired three years earlier. So a promising League season, which had seen them lead midway through the programme, petered out with Dundalk slipping to fourth after a number of defeats. They were runners-up in the City Cup again in 1940\u201341 and, by this stage, supporters had come to believe that the club was jinxed. So when they finally won their first FAI Cup in 1942 by defeating Cork United in the final in Dalymount Park, a crowd said to be in the thousands greeted the team at the railway station on their return, cheering them through the streets during an impromptu parade. Five weeks later they were unofficially crowned \"Champions of All Ireland\", after winning the inaugural Dublin and Belfast Inter-City"}, {"text": "Cup. Having defeated northern sides Glentoran, Distillery and Belfast Celtic, they overcame Shamrock Rovers in the final. The following September, in the new season, a second Dublin City Cup was added, with victory over Drumcondra in the final, but they couldn't keep up the momentum and missed out on forcing play-offs by a single point in both the Shield and the League. For the next few seasons, they lay in mid-table, while the management committee relied on player sales to English clubs to bankroll the club. But, with an improving squad, came a succession of near misses. The Shield remained elusive \u2013 they finished as runners-up to Drumcondra by a point in 1946\u201347, when the latter equalised with minutes remaining in their final match (against Waterford) to secure the point they needed. Then, in 1947\u201348, they just missed out in both the League and the Dublin City Cup by a point. So the committee decided to invest its surplus from transfer dealings that season on a player-coach (Ned Weir), and a number of full-time players, in an ambitious attempt to win the trophies that had been beyond reach. The investment immediately paid off when the City Cup was won at"}, {"text": "the start of the new season by topping its league format unbeaten; while the club's second FAI Cup was delivered with victory over Shelbourne in the final. But the new team fell short in both the Shield and the League, and, despite the Cup double and improved gate receipts, the additional income was not enough to cover the increase in costs. Struggles and recovery (1950\u20131965). The attempt to maintain a full-time squad hadn't paid off and, as a result, the team was broken up. A surplus from transfer dealings prevented a more serious financial crisis arising, and, despite the large turnover in players, Dundalk finally won the Leinster Senior Cup for the first time in 1950\u201351, with victory over St. Patrick's Athletic at the death in the final - a match noteworthy for being the first held in Ireland to use a white ball. But the cutbacks were starting to tell, and they finished second from bottom in the League in 1951\u201352. However, they went on a memorable FAI Cup run - coming from 3\u20131 down in the semi-final replay against Waterford to win 6\u20134 in extra time; following that up with victory over Cork Athletic in the final (also"}, {"text": "in a replay), to deliver the club's third FAI Cup. Dundalk's opening goalscorer in the replay, Johnny Fearon, was the only survivor of the 1949 cup-winning side. Midway through the 1952\u201353 season, Club Secretary Sam Prole left to take over at Drumcondra. Prole, a Great Northern Railway employee, had essentially run the club since its G.N.R. days, and had been primarily responsible for its transfer activities. Player sales tailed off after his departure, and the subsequent drop in income left the club struggling to make ends meet. As a result, obliged to focus on controlling costs, Dundalk spent most of the decade around the bottom of the league table. A first-round FAI Cup defeat to Transport in 1954 was notable for being their first defeat in an FAI Cup tie in Oriel Park, 18-years after the club moved to the ground. The nadir was reached the following season, when they finished last in both the Shield and the League and were knocked out of both the City Cup and the FAI Cup in the first round. Slowly, things started to turn around, and a cup run in which no goals were conceded ended with a victory over Shamrock Rovers in"}, {"text": "the 1958 final, giving them their fourth FAI Cup. Inside-right Hughie Gannon broke his jaw in the process of scoring the only goal of the final and missed the celebrations, having to spend a week in hospital. The following season was another write-off, but the committee were finally able to put together a balanced squad for 1959\u201360, and some of the best results in years saw Dundalk go into 1960 at the top of the League table, finishing three points off the top that season. The club's highest finish in 12 seasons lead to optimism that the lean years might be coming to an end, and, to help make the case, a second Leinster Senior Cup was picked up in 1960\u201361. Then, with trainer Gerry McCourt (a veteran of the 1932\u201333 League winning side) having to manage a squad split between separate training bases in Dundalk and Dublin, they won their first League title for 30 years in 1962\u201363 in nerve-shredding fashion. In the final game, away to Bohemians, they had to come from two goals down to score twice in the last five minutes, securing a point. They then had to wait a full week for a fixture backlog"}, {"text": "to clear, with Shelbourne, Cork Celtic and Drumcondra all in the hunt. All three faltered, confirming Dundalk as Champions. Following that success, they entered European competition for the first time, where they became the first Irish side to win an away leg of a European tie by beating FC Zurich 2\u20131 (in a 4\u20132 aggregate defeat) in the 1963\u201364 European Cup, inspired by forward Jimmy Hasty \u2013 who scored one, assisted another and hit the crossbar with a chance to level the tie. Dundalk couldn't manage to retain the title that season, finishing as runners-up to Shamrock Rovers, but did prevent Rovers achieving an unprecedented clean sweep of competitions by winning the season-end Top Four Cup. A poor 1964\u201365 followed and the club's management committee decided that it was time to hire a modern-style manager, with sole responsibility for recruitment and player selection, for the first time. They appointed Gerry Doyle, who had been associated with Shelbourne for most of his career as a player and a coach. The new season saw little improvement, however, and with losses mounting and investment in Oriel Park needed, it became clear early in the 1965\u201366 season that the membership-based ownership model could not"}, {"text": "provide the financial support required to take the club forward. A new public limited company took over in January 1966, after the voluntary liquidation of the old company. The anatomy of Dundalk: a history in stubs. Year founded. The official year of formation of Dundalk Football Club is up for debate. Each of the following has grounds for consideration: Owing to the lack of contemporary records retained by the club, it has quoted each of 1919, 1922, and 1926 as foundation dates in various programme notes and publications, while the latter date is often used by external sources. Following extensive research by club historian Jim Murphy, the true year of formation is either 1903 or 1919\u2014indeed, the Double win in 1979 was celebrated as having taken place in the club's Diamond Jubilee year. The answer depends on whether the G.N.R. club formed in 1919 is considered a new club or a continuation of the old club, despite appearing to have been inactive in the 1907\u20131913 and 1917\u20131919 periods. Murphy's work indicates that it's the latter, giving a year of formation of 1903\u2014the year the G.N.R. Football Club switched codes from rugby to association football. The works teams. A works-team, or"}, {"text": "factory-team, is a sports team created and run by a business. Dundalk F.C. were founded as the works-team of the Great Northern Railway (Ireland) in 1903. When the club joined the League of Ireland in 1926, it was one of four works-teams in the 10-team League - the others being Jacobs, St. James's Gate and Fordsons. Another railway works-team \u2013 Midland Athletic of the Midland Great Western Railway \u2013 had competed for two seasons, but became defunct when the company was merged into the Great Southern Railways Company. Another side, Transport (representing CI\u00c9), joined the League in 1948\u201349 but, after they failed to be re-elected for 1962\u201363 (Dundalk's second championship-winning season), Dundalk were again left as the only surviving club in the League with works-team roots. The football club outgrew the G.N.R., becoming a membership-based limited company in 1932. The works themselves became Dundalk Engineering Works Ltd in 1958 with the demise of the G.N.R.(I). Employment at the works dwindled over the subsequent years and the company eventually went into receivership in 1985 with the loss of the remaining 300 jobs - at a time when unemployment in the town had reached 26%. All-Ireland Champions! Following the split between the"}, {"text": "Belfast-based IFA and the Dublin-based Leinster Football Association, who founded the FAI in 1921, both associations claimed to be the representative body for football on the island of Ireland. Both competed as \"Ireland\" on the international stage and both selected players from both jurisdictions for matches (the FAI until 1946 and the IFA until 1950). This situation had partly arisen because the four UK associations (the self-styled Home Nations) had withdrawn from Fifa between 1920 and 1946. Despite the split, there were numerous attempts at reconciliation. Dundalk's Sam Prole lead many of these endeavours on principle, but also because competing against Northern sides was felt to be in Dundalk's interests commercially. With the onset of World War II the League of Ireland and particularly the Irish League were suffering financially due to a lack of matches, and administrators from both associations agreed to the creation of a cross-border competition - the Dublin and Belfast Inter-City Cup. It was the first time there had been formalised all-Ireland competition since the partition of Ireland and the first 'true' all-Ireland competition, given that the original Irish League only contained two teams from outside what became Northern Ireland - Bohemians and Shelbourne of Dublin."}, {"text": "In the competition's first season, six of the 10 League of Ireland sides were matched up with all six Irish League sides in a two-legged knockout format. Dundalk defeated Glentoran in the first round, Distillery in the second, and Belfast Celtic in the semi-final - all northern sides. Dundalk then defeated Shamrock Rovers in the final to become Irish football's first 'All-Ireland Champions'. The competition survived until the end of the decade, but a combination of factors (the failure to resolve the split, the withdrawal of Belfast Celtic from the Irish League, and the entrenchment of sectarianism in the Northern game) saw it discontinued. The Scottish Team. Dundalk had finished as runners-up in the League in 1947\u201348, unbeaten at home, and with a healthy surplus from improved gates, friendlies against Everton and Luton Town, and transfer dealings. This allowed the management-committee to make some much-needed improvements to Oriel Park that summer. However the appointment of Ned Weir (signed from Raith Rovers) as the team's new head coach, a Scottish physio (Hugh O'Donnell), and the signing of six Scottish full-time players, represented a gamble by the club. As things stood, gate-receipts did not match wages, and player transfers to England in"}, {"text": "the years following World War II were keeping it afloat. So the investment was an ambitious attempt to bring the club to a new level of competitiveness and success, and the hope was that gate-receipts would follow. The City Cup was won at the start of the new season by topping its League format unbeaten; while in the League and Shield they were competitive without really threatening to win either competition - finishing third in both. But the club's fourth FAI Cup was delivered with victory over champions-elect Drumcondra in the semi-final, and Shelbourne in the final. They reached the final of the last Dublin and Belfast Inter-City Cup, where a tired side, which had played eight matches in three weeks, was defeated in the final. Despite two cups, the gamble hadn't paid off. Between 1946\u201347 and 1948\u201349 income had doubled, but wages and costs had almost trebled in the same period, and the cash surplus had become a significant debt within a year. It didn't help that on the day of the cup final the players demanded a 20% increase in the win bonus, refusing to tog-out until it was agreed. As a result, the \"Scottish team\" was broken"}, {"text": "up at the end of the season, and the dream of maintaining a full-time squad was over. Only one player, Newry man Johnny Fearon, would still be at the club for its next FAI Cup success three seasons later. He would later become the team physio during the 1970s. The names heard long ago. Samuel Robert Prole. Sam Prole (1897\u20131975) was the Secretary of Dundalk F.C. from 1928 until 1952. In his role at the club he had a reputation for doing whatever it took to \"keep the show on the road\". Prole was a Great Northern Railway employee from Dublin who joined up to fight in World War I, before moving to Dundalk to the G.N.R. Works on his return home. He played with the re-formed football club from 1919 until a broken leg ended his playing career in 1923. Prole had already joined the management committee of the club by the end of his playing days, and it was his driving ambition that saw the club step up into the Leinster Senior League and later the Free State League. Without his efforts - in particular in the player transfer market - it's unlikely that the club would have"}, {"text": "survived its early years in the League. Prole was also a long-term member of numerous FAI and League of Ireland committees throughout his career as a football administrator, including serving as Chairman of the FAI Council (forerunner to the role of 'FAI President'), and it was he who lead most of the efforts during the 1930s and 1940s to reconcile the FAI and the IFA after the split of 1921. He was also an advocate for the betterment of the League and Irish football as a whole. For instance, he was calling for a close season for the League in winter and playing into the summer as early as 1937, and was critical of RT\u00c9 in FAI meetings in 1965 for scrapping its soccer highlights show and the broadcaster's lack of publicity for its replacement. During his years at Dundalk, he was the G.N.R. 'Works Manager's Chief Clerk'. After retiring from the G.N.R., and because Dundalk was still a membership-based club, he decided it was time to strike out on his own. So he joined the board of Drumcondra in February 1953, before taking the club over from the Hunter family with his sons. Over the following 19 years, they"}, {"text": "had considerable success. But, after a period of decline, Drums agreed to be taken over by Home Farm in 1972, ending the Prole family's association with the club. Sam Prole vacated the role of Chairman of the FAI Council the same summer, bringing his 50-year career as a football administrator to a close. He died in 1975. Eddie Carroll. Eddie Carroll (1901\u20131975) was Dundalk's first star player. From Bessbrook in Northern Ireland, he joined the club from Dundee United for Dundalk's second League of Ireland season and, over the following two seasons, he scored 75 times in 65 appearances - including a hat-trick on his debut, the first by a Dundalk player in the League. Nominally a centre-forward, he was reputed to have played in every position including goalkeeper at least once for the team Following a dispute with the club, after an argument with Dundalk's first Irish international Bob Egan, he left for Newry Town, then joined Dolphin, but returned in 1932 for Dundalk's first League winning season. Now playing as a right-sided winger he still chipped in with another 37 goals in 101 appearances, including becoming the first player to score four goals in a League of Ireland"}, {"text": "match. He left again early in the 1935\u201336 season to return to Dolphin, who went on to win their only League title that season. He had one more short stint at Dundalk in 1937 as a player, scoring one more goal, and trained the team's Dublin-based players until 1940. He holds the club record for most goals scored in the League of Ireland Shield and the joint-record with Jimmy Hasty for most goals scored in the Leinster Senior Cup. Billy O'Neill. William 'Billy' O'Neill (1916\u20131978) holds the club record for the most Ireland international caps while at Dundalk, earning 11 caps between 1935 and 1939. O'Neill (whose father was the first secretary of the G.N.R. Association Football Club when it first formed in 1903) made 330 appearances for Dundalk between 1934 and 1944. Despite starting out as a full-back, he scored 16 goals in 20 games when pressed into service at centre-forward in his debut season, including a hat-trick in his first match in the position. He also scored in all four rounds of the 1934\u201335 FAI Cup, including in the 4\u20133 loss to Bohemians in the final. But he would play most of his career at right full-back, which"}, {"text": "was also his position in the Irish team. His first cap came aged just 19 in a defeat to the Netherlands in December 1935 (a game that also featured Dundalk's Joey Donnelly), after which 'Socaro' of the Irish Press wrote: \"The score at the end was 5\u20133 - but for that small margin thanks, in the most lavish terms, are due to O'Neill, our right full back... [He] was brilliant.\" The outbreak of World War II cut short O'Neill's international career when he was just 23 years old. A 1\u20131 draw away to Germany was his 11th and last cap in Ireland's final match before the war, a game that saw two Dundalk full-backs play (the other being Mick Hoy). By the time Ireland played again he had already retired from football, aged 28. O'Neill never won a League title at Dundalk but did receive winner's medals in the club's first four cup victories, including the 'jinx' breaking FAI Cup victory of 1942. His record with Ireland: won 5; drew 4; lost 2 \u2013 and only two other League of Ireland players have made more international appearances. Jimmy Hasty. One of Jim McLaughlin's first tasks at Dundalk, after being appointed"}, {"text": "player-manager, was to play in a Dundalk-Drogheda selection for the Jimmy Hasty benefit match in Oriel Park on 13 December 1974. A favourite of Dundalk supporters in the first half of the 1960s, Hasty had been murdered in a sectarian shooting near his home in Belfast on 11 October. Jimmy Hasty (1936\u20131974) signed for Dundalk in November 1960, making a scoring debut against Cork Celtic at Oriel Park then, five weeks later on St. Stephen's Day, he scored the only goal in Dundalk's second Leinster Senior Cup final win. Hasty had lost his left arm in a factory accident aged 14. But his reputation as a goalscorer, who had learned to use his injury to his advantage on the pitch, had attracted Dundalk Director Jim Malone. When Malone saw Hasty play for Newry Town he was so confident in Hasty's ability that he personally guaranteed the cost of the transfer in front of a sceptical board. Hasty instantly became a star, however, with spectators flocking to grounds all over the League to see him play. By the time he had left the club in 1966, he had won League, Top Four Cup and Leinster Senior Cup medals. He was also"}, {"text": "the joint top-scorer in the 1963\u201364 season and had assisted the first goal and scored the second in the famous match in Zurich - the first away victory by an Irish side in European competition. He made 170 appearances over six seasons, scoring 103 goals (59 goals in 98 League appearances). His final goal in the League of Ireland came in February 1967, when he scored for Drogheda against Alan Fox's Dundalk side that would go on to win the League that season. In recent years Hasty has been the subject of documentaries on RT\u00c9, BBC, and UEFA."}, {"text": "2,5-Dimethylthiophene is an organosulfur compound with the formula C4H2(CH3)2S. It is one of four isomers of dimethylthiophene. A colorless liquid, it is prepared by sulfurization of hexane-2,5-dione. It is approved as a food flavouring additive in Europe."}, {"text": "#REDIRECT Chile\u2013Palestine relations"}, {"text": "The History of Dundalk Football Club (1966\u20132002) covers the period from the takeover of the club as a public limited company in January 1966 to the end of the 2001\u201302 season, when Dundalk won the FAI Cup, but were also relegated to the League of Ireland First Division. It also includes short articles about some of the events and people that are an integral part of that period in the club's history. Takeover and the Fox era (1966\u20131974). A new Public Limited Company took the club over in January 1966, after the voluntary liquidation of the old company. The new board set about investing in Oriel Park, which consisted of turning the pitch 90 degrees, building a new stand and adding player and spectator facilities. They also invested in new players and a new player-manager, Alan Fox ahead of the start of the 1966\u201367 season. The pay-off was immediate. Dundalk finally won their first League of Ireland Shield after 40 years of League membership, in front of a record crowd of 14,000 for a domestic game in Oriel Park. Fox's side then followed up the Shield success by charging to the League title ahead of Bohemians by seven points, a"}, {"text": "huge margin in the days of two points for a win and 22 games. The club's third League title brought its only League and Shield Double. To cap a memorable season, they also won the Top Four Cup (their second and last before the competition was discontinued in 1974). In addition, they were runners-up in the Dublin City Cup and Leinster Senior Cup, so a semi-final defeat in the FAI Cup to Shamrock Rovers was the only slip-up that stopped the side winning medals in every competition. They called it \"the greatest year in the history of Dundalk Football Club\". Early the following season Oriel Park hosted European football for the first time, under newly installed floodlights, with the visit of Vasas SC of Hungary. A huge crowd was \"justifiably proud\" at their club's achievement. But a breakdown in relationships scuppered the progress that had been made. Fox fell out with the board of directors during the trip for the return leg of the tie in Budapest, and was suspended, then reinstated. They failed to retain the Shield, finishing as runners-up. But the damage to relationships was done and, with the team still being on track to retain the League,"}, {"text": "Fox was released on 7 March 1968. His final success at Oriel Park was the Dublin City Cup of 1967\u201368. Less than three weeks later he was lining out for Limerick against Dundalk in a bad-tempered clash that resulted in Dundalk's players and officials being smuggled from the Markets Field as Garda\u00ed held back a mob. Dundalk had led the League after 14 of the 22 matches, but Fox's departure saw them stumble to a runners-up spot behind a Waterford side that would go on to win a total of five titles in the next six seasons. 1968\u201369 started with a Fairs Cup win over DOS Utrecht, and a runners-up spot in the Shield for the second season in succession. But they failed to challenge in the League, finishing fourth. Another Dublin City Cup (the club's fifth and last before the competition was discontinued) was all that the remnants of Fox's team could achieve. Future Ireland manager Liam Tuohy took over in the summer of 1969, after leaving Shamrock Rovers, and, as a result of his managerial experience, Dundalk entered the new decade at the top of the League, as they had 10-years earlier, having thrashed defending champions Waterford 6\u20131"}, {"text": "in early December. But eight points from 12 games was a disastrous finish to the season, and highlighted just how much trouble the club was in. Due to the debts from the reconstruction of Oriel Park, he was obliged to thin the squad and slash the wage bill. While successful at blooding young players (despite youth policy being neglected since the takeover) it was too much to build a side able to sustain a title challenge. The 1971\u201372 Shield success would be the high point of his reign, and he quit at the end of that season, criticising a lack of local support in the process. His only other trophy at the club was the 1970\u201371 Leinster Senior Cup. He rejoined Shamrock Rovers a week later. Dundalk had to sell or release more players (such as Tommy McConville and future manager Turlough O'Connor) to survive after Tuohy left. As a result, the club slid down the League, with a young, inexperienced squad finishing second from bottom in the table in 1972\u201373. The club's worst season since the 1950s had brought what became known as \"Fox era\" to a close. To recover the situation a new board took over the running"}, {"text": "of the club and hired English player-manager John Smith from Walsall. After renegotiating the club's debts the new board were able to provide him with the funds to sign a number of new players. There was a fast start to the new season, and a Leinster Senior Cup win over Bohemians in a replay, (the first match in Oriel was the first time the final had been contested outside Dublin in its 81-year history), but a run of 10 games without a win that winter meant they had to settle for a mid-table finish in the League. Following early exits the following season in the new League Cup competition, which had replaced the Shield, and the Leinster Cup, Smith quit only two matches into the 1974\u201375 League programme for a new job outside football. Jim McLaughlin era (1975\u20131983). Smith's resignation paved the way for the appointment of Jim McLaughlin as player-manager on 20 November 1974, and it was under McLaughlin that Dundalk recovered and reached a new level of success. Despite a still-meagre playing budget, he won his first league title (the club's fourth) in 1975\u201376, finishing ahead of Finn Harps and losing only one match in the process. The"}, {"text": "season had seen a number of formerly successful clubs, such as Waterford, Cork Celtic and Cork Hibernians, all bring in fading stars from England \u2013 Bobby Charlton, George Best, Geoff Hurst and Rodney Marsh \u2013 in a bid to entice back the support they had lost as their fortunes had ebbed. Dundalk, needing no circus acts, clinched the title by beating Cork Hibernians at home in front of a packed Oriel Park with a game to spare. The title brought European football back to the town for the first time since 1969, and in the following season's European Cup they met PSV Eindhoven, and were deemed unlucky to only draw the first leg in Oriel Park. That match started an unbeaten run in Europe in Oriel Park of eight matches over the following five seasons. They went on to win that season's FAI Cup \u2013 the club's first since 1958 \u2013 when they defeated Limerick United in the 1977 final, a week after winning the Leinster Senior Cup. League form had been mixed in the two seasons following the title, and a bad end to the 1977\u201378 season (with only one win from the final 11 games in all competitions)"}, {"text": "led to rumours that McLaughlin would be let go, despite retaining the Leinster Cup, and winning their first League Cup in a penalty shoot-out over Cork Alberts. Instead, the club supported the \"reorganisation\" he demanded, and used funds from the sale of three players (Synan Braddish, Derek Carroll and Brian Duff) to Liverpool, for a combined \u00a355,000, to rebuild the squad and make ground improvements at Oriel. From Christmas Eve 1978 on, his new look side dropped only three points on their way to the winning the title. It was confirmed in slightly surreal fashion \u2013 with a win away to Cork Celtic (who were about to be expelled from the League) in front of 200 people; while the trophy was presented in Oriel Park 48 hours later after a defeat to FAI Cup final opponents Waterford. 12 days later Dundalk defeated Waterford in the 1979 FAI Cup Final, thereby completing the club's first League and Cup Double. The Double winning side's 1979\u201380 European Cup run, where they narrowly missed out on qualifying for the quarter-finals (losing 3\u20132 on aggregate to Celtic in front of Oriel's record attendance), was the club's best European performance until 2016. Dundalk couldn't keep up"}, {"text": "with runaway leaders Athlone Town in 1980\u201381, finishing as runners-up for a consecutive season, but they achieved their only domestic cup double by beating Galway Rovers in the 1981 League of Ireland Cup Final, and Sligo Rovers in the 1981 FAI Cup Final. McLaughlin's third and final league title at the club arrived in 1981\u201382, sealed on the final day away to defending champions Athlone, after an early season 10-point gap to Bohemians had been overhauled. But it was Bohemians that came out of a four match, seven and a half hour FAI Cup semi-final marathon, depriving him of a shot at a second League and Cup Double. A trophy-less 1982\u201383 season, however, in which Dundalk slipped to third behind Louth rivals Drogheda United in the league table (and missed out on Europe), signalled that the team was entering a transition period. But, to the shock of Dundalk's board and fans, McLaughlin resigned in June 1983, saying he needed a change. He would replace John Giles at Shamrock Rovers a week later. Turlough O'Connor era (1985\u20131993). McLaughlin's sudden departure lead to two seasons in mid-table before the club sorted itself out. First, former Ireland international John Dempsey was hired, suspended,"}, {"text": "and fired, within an eight-month period. He was then replaced by McLaughlin's long-term assistant and club coach, Tommy Connolly, for 14-months. But they continued to languish in the League. Subsequently, former Dundalk player Turlough O'Connor was appointed as manager of the club ahead of the League's split into two divisions in 1985\u201386. O'Connor had been Jim McLaughlin's main managerial rival for honours in the early 1980s, winning two League titles and three League Cups with Athlone Town. He now had to rebuild the team following the departure over the previous two years of almost all the players McLaughlin had left behind, when a lot of money had been wasted on replacements that hadn't worked out. But O'Connor quickly built a squad capable of challenging for honours and, over the following eight seasons, his sides consistently finished in the top four. After winning the League Cup in 1986\u201387, his first trophy as manager at Oriel, Dundalk finished as runners-up in both the League and the FAI Cup, qualifying for Europe for the first time in five years. The following season started with a visit from Cup Winners' Cup holders Ajax Amsterdam, (many of whose players would be in the Dutch squad"}, {"text": "that would win Euro '88), and ended with the club's second League and Cup Double - breaking four seasons of Shamrock Rovers hegemony. It was closer than perhaps necessary, with a winless streak of five matches in March threatening to derail their title hopes. But a televised 1\u20131 draw in the \"emotion charged atmosphere of Oriel Park\", against fellow title challengers St Patrick's Athletic, sealed the League title. Ten days later, at the end of an eight match cup journey, they won the 1988 FAI Cup Final against Jim McLaughlin's Derry City. Crowds estimated in the thousands welcomed the team back to Dundalk the night of the Cup final victory. O'Connor won his second League Cup in 1989\u201390, with the club's newest rivals Derry City being beaten in Oriel Park on penalties, and his second League title at Dundalk followed in 1990\u201391 in an end of season, winner takes all match in Turner's Cross against Cork City, the winning goal being scored by cult hero Tom McNulty. But they spurned an opportunity to progress in the European Cup, when a 1\u20131 draw away to Honved was followed by a 0\u20132 home defeat. Attendances started to drop noticeably during 1992\u201393, as"}, {"text": "the growth of the new F.A. Premiership, and its hugely successful tie-in with Sky Sports, impacted attendances across the League of Ireland. Furthermore, the club's supporters, sated by two decades of success and unhappy with a conservative playing-style that contrasted badly with what people were seeing on their televisions, were only turning up for the 'big' games, contributing to the worsening financial position. By the end of the season the board was facing financial issues that threatened the club's survival \u2013 a \"healthy\" surplus in 1989 had become a serious deficit, with income falling due to some of the lowest gates in memory. In addition, eight players that started that season's FAI Cup Final were aged over 30, suggesting a squad overhaul was required when the club could no longer afford it. Decline and relegation (1993\u20132002). The 1993\u201394 season started with mixed results, with good away victories being followed by defeats at home, and, after a home defeat to Monaghan United (during which he was abused by a section of the crowd), O'Connor resigned. He was replaced by another former player \u2013 Jim McLaughlin protege Dermot Keely, who had won the Double in 1979 under McLaughlin at Oriel. A lot"}, {"text": "of the older players had already departed, and a thin squad struggled \u2013 missing out on the \"Top Six\" round-robin format that decided the title, and playing out the final third of the season in a meaningless \"bottom six\" round-robin in front of tiny crowds, which contributed to the worsening financial position. Early the following season the financial issues came to a head, and a number of local businessmen formed a new Interim Company to take the club (and its liabilities) over, saving it from bankruptcy. Attendances had remained very low, and, having had a preference for Sunday afternoon matches for decades, the new board decided League of Ireland football could no longer compete with live English Premier League matches, so home matches were moved to Thursday nights in an effort to boost gates. Meanwhile, a first-team squad that lacked depth and experience had started the season poorly, but a steady improvement in results saw them climb the league table. With seven games to go as many as eight clubs were in contention, but Dundalk were the most consistent, and Keely steered his team to a ninth league title on a final day of drama. They defeated Galway United at"}, {"text": "home, then, with players and supporters waiting on the pitch to hear the results of Shelbourne's and Derry City's matches, news filtered through that both had failed to win, confirming Dundalk as Champions. In 20 seasons between 1975 and 1995 the club had won a combined total of 14 league titles, FAI Cups and League Cups, and had competed regularly in Europe. But the 1994\u201395 title success could not halt the decline. An indifferent start to the 1995\u201396 season was followed by a run that had Dundalk one point off the top halfway through the League program before Christmas, but it would be a long time before they would be that high in the table again. A series of injuries, defeats, and an FAI Cup exit to Drogheda United, saw Keely quit - frustrated at being unable to strengthen his squad. The club hired player-manager John Hewitt ahead of the 1996\u201397 season, but he was gone before March with his team stuck in the bottom three. They managed to survive a promotion/relegation play-off with Waterford United, but it only prolonged the inevitable. After caretaker-manager Eddie May changed his mind about a permanent contract on the eve of the 1997\u201398 season,"}, {"text": "the club turned to Jim McLaughlin (who had retired from management and joined the board) to come out of retirement and try to turn things around. Alongside club stalwart Tommy Connolly, McLaughlin managed to deliver a safe mid-table finish, which was finished off with a televised final day victory over Shelbourne that handed the title to St. Patrick's Athletic. But the financial issues reared their head again and, the night of a morale-boosting victory over defending champions St. Patrick's Athletic at the end of November in the 1998\u201399 season, the whole squad was transfer listed. After the departure of a number of first-team players, those left behind managed a mid-season rise up the table. But an end of season collapse saw the club drop from the top-tier for the first time. Relegation was confirmed following a home defeat to UCD, 20 years to the day after the club had won its first Double, bringing an end to McLaughlin's management career. With a supporters' Co-Op due to take over the club, some optimism had returned, and initial expectations were of an immediate return to the top flight. Under the old board's last managerial appointment - former player Terry Eviston - they"}, {"text": "recovered from a poor start to the 1999\u20132000 season, but became embroiled in a losing battle with the league's hierarchy and Kilkenny City, which reached the High Court, over the latter playing an improperly registered player. The new board replaced Eviston with their own man - another former player, Martin Murray. With a lot of player investment, the club was promoted as First Division Champions in 2000\u201301. Despite seeming well-equipped for the return to the top-flight, they were relegated again the following season from 10th place, due to a decision to reduce the number of teams in the Premier Division from 12 to 10, which immediately put a strain on the Co-Op's plans to grow the club. Despite this setback, they won the club's ninth FAI Cup a week later, with victory over Bohemians in the 2002 FAI Cup Final. The anatomy of Dundalk: a history in stubs. Battle of Oriel Park. The European highlight of McLaughlin's time at the club was the 1979\u201380 European Cup, his Double winning side narrowly missing out on qualifying for the quarter-finals (going down 3\u20132 on aggregate to Celtic in front of Oriel Park's record attendance). Before that, in the preliminary round, they were"}, {"text": "drawn to face Linfield of Belfast. The tie occurred at the height of The Troubles, and officials at both clubs had feared the potential for violence. The Belfast club's management committee had issued a directive to its 5,000 travelling support, which had, as its basic theme, \"behave in a dignified manner\". In advance of the first leg the two clubs had co-operated in mounting a major security operation, but the subsequent rioting was of a scale that overwhelmed Oriel Park and its police presence. Before the game even started, there was fighting and stone-throwing on the terraces and around the ground. Extra riot police were called in to help quell the trouble, but it continued throughout the match. There were numerous pitch invasions, followed by baton charges by police, despite the efforts of Linfield's players and coaching staff to persuade their fans to desist. In the match itself, Linfield took an early second half lead through Warren Feeney, with Dundalk equalising in the 80th minute through Liam Devine. From there the game finished 1\u20131, the players sensing that playing out time was the safest option for all concerned. Linfield were punished by UEFA for the actions of their supporters by"}, {"text": "being banned from playing their home-leg in Belfast, and being forced to pay for damage to Oriel Park and Dundalk's expenses for the return leg. That return leg was played behind closed doors in Haarlem in the Netherlands, with Dundalk winning 2-0 (3-1 on aggregate) to go through to play Hibernians of Malta in the First Round proper. Dunfield. In 1999, 20 years after the violence that had marred their European Cup tie in Oriel Park, Dundalk and Linfield started a 12-month cross-border youth football project called 'Dunfield', which was largely funded by Co-operation Ireland as part of its sponsorship of reconciliation efforts in the aftermath of the Good Friday Agreement. The clubs, who had always been on good terms going back to the 1920s, even after the events of 1979, ensured the project was so successful that it was extended for another 12 months in 2000. The Carter Affair. In mid-November 1999, Kilkenny City defeated Limerick by 3 goals to 2. Making his debut for Kilkenny in that First Division match was Fran Carter. It subsequently transpired that Carter had been improperly registered, with his signature being forged on the registration form by Kilkenny's manager, Pat Byrne, to ensure"}, {"text": "it could be submitted on time for Carter to make his debut. They were docked three points for fielding an ineligible player when the forgery was noticed. Kilkenny protested that Byrne had Carter's permission to sign his name for him, and threatened to resort to the law courts to have the punishment rescinded. The Vice-President of the FAI, Milo Corcoran, acting as an arbitrator, ruled that the points deduction should be cancelled and the game replayed instead. No provision for his decision to have the match replayed existed in the League's rules. Furthermore, the decision was made two weeks before the end of the League season, with Dundalk and Kilkenny duelling for the promotion/relegation play-off spot in the First Division. Therefore, Kilkenny were essentially awarded an end-of-season game in hand against a team that were, by that stage, bottom of the table. They won the replayed match, and pipped Dundalk to the play-off spot by one point as a result. Dundalk took a case to the High Court on the basis that the three-point deduction was the prescribed sanction for fielding an ineligible player, whereas Corcoran's decision had no basis in the League's rules. Instead the High Court judge ruled"}, {"text": "that, as the rules did not state that a player must \"personally\" sign his registration form, Carter had been properly registered when Byrne signed Carter's name. Therefore, he had not been ineligible for the original match, and the original 3\u20132 result should be reinstated. Kilkenny went on to secure promotion by defeating Waterford United in the play-off. However the following season they could only win nine points from 33 matches and were relegated. They eventually resigned from the League in 2008. The names heard long ago. Brian & Tommy McConville. Brian McConville (1943\u20131978) and Tommy McConville (1946\u20132013) were Dundalk stalwarts, local men who between them managed exactly 800 appearances for the club. Brian joined the club from junior football in 1964, but left during the 'Fox era'. He returned under Liam Tuohy during the lean years of the early 1970s and won Shield and Leinster Senior Cup medals. He left again when John Smith took over, but, at 32, was invited back by Jim McLaughlin and became a key member and captain of the squad that won the League in 1975\u201376 and FAI Cup in 1977. He died suddenly of a heart attack a short time after returning home from"}, {"text": "a match in Richmond Park at the end of January in the 1977\u201378 season. A benefit match for his wife and four young children was held at the end of March that year, in which a John Giles XI played a Jim McLaughlin XI in front of an enormous crowd in Oriel Park. Brian's younger brother Tommy is the club's record holder for appearances. In total he spent part or all of 17 seasons at Dundalk between 1964 and 1986. In that time he won all the honours available in the Irish domestic game for the club, played in Dundalk's golden period in European football (including the match against Celtic where he famously missed a late chance to win the tie) and was voted SWAI Personality of the Year in 1982. Due to the debt crisis of the early 1970s Dundalk had to sell McConville to Waterford, where he also picked up League and League Cup medals as well as five of his six Irish caps. But he returned to Oriel (via Shamrock Rovers) ahead of McLaughlin's first League-winning season, after McLaughlin persuaded the board to raise the transfer fee form their personal funds. He went on to become a"}, {"text": "mainstay of the McLaughlin era before leaving at the end of Turlough O'Connor's first season in charge to become player-manager at Finn Harps. He died in 2013 aged 67, in Dundalk, after a long illness. Three little birds. The 'McLaughlin era' was marked by the untimely deaths of three Dundalk players. In addition to Brian McConville's death aged 35 in January 1978, Se\u00e1n McLoughlin died at the age of 21 in August 1976, and Liam Devine died at the age of 29 in October 1980. McLoughlin, who had been signed by Jim McLaughlin a year earlier and had become a key figure in central midfield alongside fellow Derryman Seamus McDowell, was killed in a car accident in his native Derry. He had been due to play for Dundalk in a friendly against Italian champions Torino on the same night, but had requested the night off. The highlight of his season at the club was a two-goal salvo against Cork Celtic the previous February, which had wowed the home crowd and sent Dundalk top of the table, and on their way to McLaughlin's first League title as manager. Liam Devine had been diagnosed with terminal cancer in March 1980, a few"}, {"text": "weeks after being injured in what would turn out to be his final match. On 2 September 1980 a Dundalk Selection played a Soccer Writers 'Team of the Year' XI in a benefit match for him and his family. He died five weeks later. Devine had been signed by McLaughlin from Shelbourne ahead of the 1978\u201379 Double-winning season, and was Dundalk's goalscorer in the infamous European Cup tie against Linfield in Oriel Park the following season. He was an ever present in the side right up until falling ill, and was extremely popular at the club, so the shock of his diagnosis and his absence from the pitch contributed to a mid-season wobble that saw Dundalk slip to a runners-up spot behind eventual League winners Limerick United. Barry Kehoe. Barry Kehoe (1962\u20132002) was called the most talented footballer to come out of Dundalk in half a century. He made 251 appearances for the club during the 1980s, scoring 40 goals from midfield. Barry was given his debut by Jim McLaughlin and was an ever-present in the 1981\u201382 League winning side. But in 1983, aged just 20, he was diagnosed with cancer, yet he fought his way back to fitness to"}, {"text": "become a key member of Turlough O'Connor's side that won the League and Cup Double in 1987\u201388. But within 12 months illness had struck again, with Barry requiring both heart surgery and additional chemotherapy. In response Dundalk and the FAI granted him a Special Testimonial, in which a Jack Charlton Selection of Irish internationals played Barry's own selection in Oriel Park on 5 June 1989 in front of 6,000 supporters. Barry recovered from illness again, and went on to play League football with Drogheda United until 1996. He also became a successful businessman in Dundalk. Kehoe died in October 2002, aged 40. Dundalk Football Club continues to honour his memory, naming the club's annual summer academies for children the 'Barry Kehoe Summer Camp'. Martin Lawlor. Just ten matches short of Tommy McConville's club record for appearances of 580, Martin Lawlor (born 1 March 1958) holds Dundalk's club records for: longest unbroken service (14 seasons, 1977\u20131991), League appearances (400), FAI Cup appearances (56), League Cup appearances (56), joint-most League winner's medals (5), joint-most FAI Cup winner's medals (3), and most League Cup winner's medals (3). Lawlor is also the only player to have been a member of both Jim McLaughlin's and"}, {"text": "Turlough O'Connor's Double-winning sides. He was honoured with a testimonial against Chelsea in 1986, and in match programme notes written by former colleague Dermot Keely (who would later be his final manager at Dundalk) he was called \"the best left-full in the League\" and a \"credit to football\". His brothers Mick and Robbie, and his father Kit, also played for Dundalk. Martin Murray. Martin Murray (born 6 October 1958), is one of only four men to both win honours with Dundalk as a player and later return to lead the club to trophy success as manager (the others being Gerry McCourt, Turlough O'Connor, and Dermot Keely). Murray made 218 appearances for the club in six seasons between 1984 and 1990 (usually in the playmaking midfield role), scoring 29 goals. He won League, FAI Cup and League Cup medals under Turlough O'Connor and was Irish Independent 'Sports Star of the Week' for his performance in the 1988 final against Derry City. However, for his whole playing career of over 20-years, Murray had coped with a faulty aortic valve, diagnosed when he was 19 and a player at Everton. At the end of his playing career he had the required surgery, and"}, {"text": "turned to management after he recovered. Following a season with Crusaders in Northern Ireland, he took over at Dundalk going into the club's second season in the First Division. At the first time of asking he won promotion for the club as First Division Champions. Stepping back into the Premier Division with a blend of local players and experienced pros proved too challenging the following season, with three clubs being relegated automatically - Dundalk missing out on safety by a solitary point. But the club was on a memorable cup-run, and, having dispatched Shamrock Rovers on a 4\u20130 scoreline in Oriel Park in the semi-final to delirious scenes, Murray lead Dundalk to the club's ninth FAI Cup win over a Bohemians side managed by Stephen Kenny - only a week after relegation had been confirmed. Murray resigned early the following season and stepped away from the League of Ireland."}, {"text": "Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is participating in World Games since 1993."}, {"text": "Governor Adams may refer to:"}, {"text": "Cologne Magisterial District is one of ten magisterial districts in Mason County, West Virginia, United States. The district was originally established as a civil township in 1863, and converted into a magisterial district in 1872. In 2020, Cologne District was home to 1,413 people. Geography. Cologne District is located in the eastern part of Mason County, between the Kanawha River and the Ohio. To the northwest, it is bounded by Cooper District, to the southwest by the Kanawha River, to the southeast by Union District and to the northeast, by the Western District of Jackson County, formerly by Union District. To the southwest across the Kanawha is Arbuckle District in Mason County. The district's northernmost corner is a point on the Ohio River, where Cooper and Cologne Districts intersect with the westernmost corner of Jackson County. Across the Ohio to the north is Letart Township in Meigs County, Ohio. At thirty-five and a half square miles, Cologne is the sixth-largest of Mason County's ten magisterial districts, ahead of Lewis, Waggener, Graham, and Robinson. The entire district is hilly, except for narrow bottoms along the Kanawha River and Tenmile and Thirteenmile Creeks. The soil over most of the district is a"}, {"text": "mixture of red, white, and yellow clay, while the bottomlands feature a sandy loam. The district was densely forested before the Civil War, but over the next twenty years nearly all of the timber was cut for railroad ties and staves. Building stone was quarried extensively from the hills overlooking the Kanawha, while coal, iron ore, and limestone were discovered. The main streams of Cologne District are Tenmile and Thirteenmile Creeks. The main branch of the Kanawha Tenmile forms the northwestern boundary of the district, from some of the steepest terrain in the county down to the Kanawha River, ten miles above the river's mouth at Point Pleasant. The Cooper Branch is Tenmile's largest tributary in Cologne District; other branches, including the Lick Fork, Kings Branch, and Shade Fork are in Cooper District. Thirteenmile Creek arises in Jackson County, and meanders through Union District in Mason County, before turning north and entering Cologne District, then emptying into the Kanawha at Leon. Most of the branches of Thirteenmile are in Union District, but the Poplar Fork forms part of the boundary between Cologne and Union. In the northern part of the district are the upper waters of Little Mill Creek, which"}, {"text": "flows eastward into Jackson County, before joining the Ohio at Millwood, and Huff Run, a tributary of Little Mill Creek. The upper courses of both the Right Hand and Left Hand Forks of Cow Run, a tributary of Mill Creek in Jackson County, both arise in Cologne District. A portion of Tombleson Run, which empties into the Ohio River above Letart, passes through the northwestern part of the district. Leon is the only incorporated community in Cologne District. The town was laid out by Benjamin Byram in 1840, and incorporated in 1872. It was the site of the Cologne Post Office from 1853 to 1880, when the post office was renamed \"Leon\". A handful of unincorporated settlements are located in the hills, including Baden, Chestnut, and Rollins. Baden, in the eastern part of the district, was the site of a post office from 1888 to 1909. Chestnut, located along Chestnut Ridge in the northern part of the district, was the site of a post office from 1899 to 1908. On an upper branch of Tenmile Creek, Rollins hosted a post office from 1883 to 1909. The main highways in Cologne District are West Virginia Route 2, which passes through the"}, {"text": "northern part of the district as it runs from Point Pleasant to Ravenswood in Jackson County, and West Virginia Route 62, which runs along the Kanawha River between Point Pleasant and Buffalo, in Putnam County, then follows the Ohio River north from Point Pleasant, passing through Cologne District again at its northern end, and joining Route 2 at Mount Alto in Jackson County. Other important roads include West Virginia Route 87, locally known as Evans Road, which travels southeast from Route 2 at Chestnut to Baden, before turning eastward and continuing to Evans in Jackson County; and Leon-Baden Road, which runs northeast from Leon to Baden in the interior of the district. The Kanawha River Railroad operates travels through the Kanawha Valley in the southwestern part of Cologne District. Leasing its lines from Norfolk Southern, the railway carries freight from southeastern West Virginia to central Ohio. This line was originally part of the Kanawha and Michigan Railroad. A second line, originally part of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and now part of CSX, follows the course of the Ohio River for the length of the county, traveling through the northern part of Cologne District on its way from Huntington to"}, {"text": "Parkersburg. Until the twentieth century, a ferry operated between Leon and the south shore of the Kanawha. History. There were no permanent settlements in Cologne District until after the Treaty of Greenville was signed in 1795, effectively ending the threat of Indian raids in the Ohio Valley. In 1797, John Greenlee, a blacksmith, was the first to establish his homestead: a cabin on the banks of the Kanawha River, half a mile below the mouth of Thirteenmile Creek. His son William was the first European settler born within the boundaries of Cologne. In 1798, John Nelson built a house on Thirteenmile, at the present site of Leon. Two years later, Jackson McCoy settled on the Coopers Branch of Tenmile Creek. Other pioneers included William Greenlee, John Allen, William Allen, and Tiberius Miller. William Arbuckle and his associates sank a salt well at the mouth of Thirteenmile Creek in 1818, operating it until 1821. A steam-powered grist mill was built nearby in 1830, followed by the district's first sawmill in 1831. Allen Young was the first schoolteacher, teaching out of a log cabin in 1828. Early ministers included William George, a Baptist, and Burwell Spurlock and Francis Guthrie, Methodists. After West"}, {"text": "Virginia gained its independence from Virginia in 1863, the legislature enacted a law requiring the counties to be divided into civil townships. Mason County was divided into ten townships, each of which was named after a pioneer settler of Mason County. Cologne Township was originally named in honor of Thomas Lemaster, an early settler of the county, but in 1864 it was renamed \"Cologne\". Like the other townships, Cologne was converted into a magisterial district in 1872. It is the only Cologne District in the state."}, {"text": "The pluriarc, also called paata, mapu, luku, kissanga, and bow lute is a stringed musical instrument of West Africa, classified as a type of lute. It has a hollow body and several curved, pliable necks made of reeds. The strings stretch from the necks to the bridge, which stands approximately above the body. The body may be round, rectangular, or triangular, and is usually made of light wood. The top of the body can either be a separate board, bound or nailed to the lower part, or made from the same piece of wood as the rest. A hole may exist on the underside that can be opened or closed to change the timbre. It is played by plucking the strings, which are usually open but sometimes contain a stop. The strings may be plucked with fingers or a plectrum. The flexible nature of the necks means the instrument cannot be tuned precisely. Pluriarc designs have been characterized into three types by country of origin: those of southwestern Africa, central west Africa, and western Nigeria."}, {"text": "Family Secrets () is a Turkish television series produced by Gold Film and aired by Kanal D from Monday at 20:00, between September 19 and December 12, 2016, in 13 episodes. It was written by Onur U\u011fra\u015f and Murat Uyurkulak, and directed by Nihat Durak with artistic direction by \u00d6z\u00fcdo\u011fru Cici. Its cast includes B\u00fclten \u0130nal, Ay\u00e7a Bing\u00f6l, Ceyda D\u00fcvenci, Caner \u015eahin, Sera Kutlubey, Sercan Badur and Do\u011fa Zeynep Do\u011fu\u015flu. Plot. Kemal is a renowned businessman who lives an enviable life in Istanbul, along with his wife Suzan and sons Mert and \u00c7i\u00e7ek, whom he loves very much. Suzan, for her part, believes she lives in a 20-year marriage that cannot be more perfect, along with two children and a devoted husband whom she is hopelessly in love with. Without compatible parents, Kemal admits that he has another family and two more children, which may be Mert's only salvation."}, {"text": "Louisiana's 27th State Senate district is one of 39 districts in the Louisiana State Senate. It has been represented by Republican Jeremy Stine since 2021. Geography. District 27 is primarily based in Lake Charles in Calcasieu Parish, taking in nearly the entire city proper as well as the suburban towns of Westlake, Moss Bluff, Prien, Carlyss, and Sulphur. The district is located entirely within Louisiana's 3rd congressional district, and overlaps with the 33rd, 34th, 35th, and 36th districts of the Louisiana House of Representatives. Recent election results. Louisiana uses a jungle primary system. If no candidate receives 50% in the first round of voting, when all candidates appear on the same ballot regardless of party, the top-two finishers advance to a runoff election."}, {"text": "Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1 (SWFO-L1) is a future spacecraft mission planned to monitor signs of solar storms, which may pose harm to Earth's telecommunication network. The spacecraft will be operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), with launch scheduled for no earlier than September 2025. It is planned to be placed at the Sun\u2013Earth Lagrange point, a location between the Earth and the Sun. This will allow SWFO-L1 to continuously watch the solar wind and energetic particles heading for Earth. SWFO-L1 is an ESPA Class Spacecraft, sized for launch on an Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA) Grande ring in addition to the rocket's primary payload. The spacecraft's Solar Wind Instrument Suite (SWIS) which includes three instruments will monitor solar wind, and the Compact Coronagraph (CCOR) will monitor the Sun's surroundings to image coronal mass ejection (CME). A CME is a large outburst of plasma sent from the Sun towards interplanetary space. Together with space weather observation capabilities on the Earth-orbiting GOES-U satellite, SWFO-L1 constitutes the space segment of NOAA's Space Weather Follow On (SWFO) program. The aim of the SWFO program is to ensure the robust continuity of space-based measurement of the critical space"}, {"text": "weather environment. All of the spacecraft located in which are currently monitoring CMEs and the solar wind have operated beyond their design lifetime. SWFO-L1 SWIS instruments will replace ACE's and DSCOVR's monitoring of solar wind, energetic particles and the interplanetary magnetic field while CCOR will replace SOHO's LASCO (Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph) imaging of CMEs. Command and control system. On 5 February 2021, NOAA awarded the SWFO-L1 Command and control contract to L3Harris in Melbourne, Florida. The contract has a total value of US$43.8 million, with a five-year performance period. The SWFO-L1 mission is planned to launch as a rideshare with NASA's Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP). The contractor is responsible for up to two years of operations support. This will be accomplished by adding the capability to the existing Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series Core Ground System. NOAA manages the contract. In addition to work at L3Harris' facility in Melbourne, the contractor will install equipment at the NOAA Satellite Operations Facility (NSOF) in Suitland, Maryland; NOAA's Wallops Command and Data Acquisition Station (WCDAS) in Wallops, Virginia; and at NOAA's Consolidated Backup Facility (CBU) in Fairmont, West Virginia. The work will allow SWFO-L1 to provide continuity of solar"}, {"text": "wind and coronal mass ejection imagery data from the Lagrange-1 point to NOAA's National Weather Service Space Weather Prediction Center in Boulder, Colorado. These data are critical to support monitoring and timely forecasts of space weather events that have the potential to adversely impact elements vital to national security and economic prosperity, including telecommunication and navigation, satellite systems and the power grid. NOAA is responsible for overall implementation and funding of the SWFO program. The program is managed as an integrated NOAA-NASA program, where NASA serves as NOAA's acquisition agent for the space segment and for launch services. NOAA is responsible for the ground segment including the acquisition, development, test and integration of the SWFO Command and control system. Instruments. In April 2020, Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) was awarded a contract to supply SWFO-L1's magnetometer instrument. On 1 July 2020, on behalf of NOAA, NASA awarded the SWFO-L1 Solar Wind Plasma Sensor (SWiPS) contract to Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in San Antonio, Texas. SwRI was awarded a contract with a total value of US$15.6 million. The period of performance is 76 months. SWFO-L1 will provide NOAA with the continuity of solar wind data and coronal mass ejection imagery, the National"}, {"text": "Weather Service's highest priority for space weather observations. University of California, Berkeley was awarded US$7.5 million for the development of the Supra-Thermal Ion Sensor (STIS). The SWFO-L1 satellite, which is planned to launch as a rideshare with the NASA Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP), will collect upstream solar wind data and coronal imagery to support NOAA's mission to monitor and forecast space weather events. NOAA is responsible for the Space Weather Follow On program. NASA is the program's flight system procurement agent, and NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, is the lead for this acquisition. Launch. Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1 is planned to be launched as a secondary payload on the SpaceX Falcon 9 launch vehicle carrying NASA's Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) spacecraft. As of December 2024, the launch is scheduled for no earlier than September 2025."}, {"text": "The 2019\u201320 London City Lionesses F.C. season was the club's first season in existence following a breakaway from Millwall Lionesses in May 2019. The team competed in the FA Women's Championship, the second level of the women's football pyramid, as well as two domestic cup competitions: the FA Cup and the League Cup. On 13 March 2020, in line with the FA's response to the coronavirus pandemic, it was announced the season was temporarily suspended until at least 3 April 2020. After further postponements, the season was ultimately ended prematurely on 25 May 2020 with immediate effect. London City Lionesses sat in 4th at the time and retained their position on sporting merit after The FA Board's decision to award places on a points-per-game basis. Women's FA Cup. As a member of the top two tiers, London City Lionesses entered the FA Cup in the fourth round, losing to FA WSL team Reading in their opening fixture. Squad statistics. Appearances. \"Starting appearances are listed first, followed by substitute appearances after the + symbol where applicable.\""}, {"text": "Governor Alexander may refer to:"}, {"text": "Deuda may refer to:"}, {"text": "Governor Ames is a wooden sailing ship. Governor Ames may also refer to: Governor Ames may also refer to:"}, {"text": "Sky Glabush (born 1970) is a Canadian artist based in Southwestern Ontario. He has created works in a number of media, but is best known as a painter. He is an associate professor of visual art at the University of Western Ontario. His work is in the collection of the National Gallery of Canada. Early life and education. Glabush was born in Alert Bay, British Columbia. He graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts from the University of Saskatchewan and a Masters of Fine Arts from the University of Alberta. Glabush is a Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed, and the Bah\u00e1\u02bc\u00ed Faith is significant to his work. Career. In 2006 Glabush began teaching art at the University of Western Ontario. That year he held his first solo exhibition, \"Provisional Structures\". In 2009 he exhibited \"Renting\", a series of paintings of rental properties. Over the next several years Glabush created and exhibited artwork in a variety of media, including sculpture, pottery, weaving and large-scale paintings. In 2016 he exhibited a series of neo-Modernist sculpture and tapestries at the Oakville Galleries, as well as holding an exhibition of woven artworks in Norway. In 2020 Glabush travelled to Guyana, where he taught art to the inmates of"}, {"text": "prisons. That year two of his large-scale paintings were added to the collection of the National Gallery of Canada."}, {"text": "Luis Manuel Pe\u00f1alver (San Antonio de Capayacuar, Monagas, 1 February 1918 - Caracas, 28 April 2004) was a Venezuelan malariologist and politician. He was a long-time member of the Democratic Action party and was named Minister of Education of Venezuela the first presidency of Carlos Andr\u00e9s P\u00e9rez (1973-1978). Biography. He received a degree in Medicine from Central University of Venezuela in 1943, and soon afterwards began working as a researcher in the area of Tropical Medicine. After a coup d'\u00e9tat overthrew Isaias Medina Angarita in October 1945, he was appointed as Vice-rector of the Central University of Venezuela. During the dictatorial regimen of Marcos Perez Jimenez (1952-1958), while in exile in Guatemala, he managed the same laboratory where Ernesto Guevara worked in 1954. When the Universidad de Oriente was created in 1958 by executive order of Edgar Sanabria, he was appointed its first Rector. Between 1969 and 1974, he presided the National Council for Scientific and Technologycal Research. In 1974, he became a member of the cabinet of Carlos Andres Perez as Minister of Education. In the mid-1980s, he was appointed Ambassador of Venezuela to Italy."}, {"text": "Lac la Hache 220 is an Indian reserve of the Hatchet Lake Dene Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about north of Flin Flon. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 1377 living in 260 of its 282 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 37 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Lac la Ronge 156 is an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band in Saskatchewan. It is 10 kilometres southwest of Lac la Ronge. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 2017 living in 441 of its 480 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 50 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Biarra is a rural locality in the Somerset Region, Queensland, Australia. In the , Biarra had a population of 270 people. Geography. Cressbrook Creek flows through the locality from the south-west (the locality of Cressbrook Creek) to the north-east (Toogoolawah); it is a tributary of the Brisbane River. The north-east of the locality is at elevation while th south-west of the locality is mountainous with several named peaks (from west to east): The Cressbrook Dam is in the south-west of the locality, impounding Cressbrook Creek and creating Lake Cressbrook. Although within the Somerset Region, the dam exists to supply drinking water to Toowoomba and surrounding areas in the Toowoomba Region, west of the Great Dividing Range. Below the dam is the Deongwar State Forest, a protected area, which extends into the neighbouring locality of Redbank Creek. History. The locality name \"Biarra\" comes from the parish name, which in turn is a word in the Waka language meaning \"plentiful supply of fish\", presumably in Cressbrook Creek. In 1841 established a pastoral property called Cressbrook Station. In 1872, copper was found in the Biarra and Cressbrook Creek district and a number of mines were established. However, the boom was over by 1874."}, {"text": "Mining resumed in 1895 for some years but it was not successful. In 1912 there was an attempt at coal mining and in 1933 there was quarrying of limestone, but neither were successful. By 1883, a cricket team had formed in Biarra. The Queensland Government sold town allotments in Biarra in January 1887. However, the construction of the Brisbane Valley railway including the Toogoolawah railway station in 1904 to service the Cressbrook condensed milk factory and the subsequent sale of town allotments in Toogoolawah made Toogoolawah the preferred town in the area and Biarra failed to develop further. The town of Biarra no longer officially exists but a cluster of houses () and the Biarra cemetery (, now known as the Toogoolawah Cemetery) remain, but they are not within the present day boundaries of the locality of Biarra but rather within the locality of Braemore. Following a public meeting in February 1887, a school committee was established to obtain a school for the district. By May 1887 the required towards the cost of the school building and furnishings had been raised. Tenders were called to build the school in June 1887. In August 1887, the Governor approved the construction of"}, {"text": "the school by contractor H. Day. However, there were days in constructing the school due to flooding. Biarra State School opened on 1 May 1888 in the farming district of Biarra (not in the town) on the ridge of a hill on the then Main Eskdale Road. The first teacher was Mr T Shaw. In late 1889 a library opened in conjunction with the school. The school closed in 1929. The teacher's residence was sold in 1939, but the school building continued to be used for other occasional purposes, such as a polling station until at least 1948, but was removed by 1952. In 1889, town lots were offered in the town of Eskdale () but did not sell well. Despite the official name of Eskdale, the local residents referred to it as Biarra, perhaps reinforced by the presence of the Biarra Hall and the Biarra State School in the same area. The town of Eskdale no longer officially exists but there are a few houses still at that location (which is within the present day locality of Biarra and not within the locality of Eskdale). As railways developed, dairying became possible as a means to get the milk and"}, {"text": "other products quickly to markets. The Brisbane Valley was well-suited to dairying. In late 1894 a creamery was opened in Biarra. By 1895 it was processing per day. In 1897, Biarra farmers established a Mutual Improvement Society. In October 1912, following the Boer War and the 1912 Brisbane general strike, led to development of local volunteer militia. Twelve local men formed the Biarra patrol of the Stanley Legion of Frontiersmen was formed in October 1912 under the leadership of Ernest Frederick Lord, a local grazier. On 18 December 1912, the Biarra Public Hall opened alongside Cressbrook Creek in the Biarra Recreation Grounds, where there was already a tennis and cricket pitch. (Again this development occurred at the officially-named town of Eskdale). As 1988, the hall was still standing due to volunteer maintenance by \"Khaki\" Drew. Tenders were called in September 1924 for the erection of a school at Sandy Gully. Sandy Gully State School was opened on 4 June 1925. It was officially opened in September 1925 by Frederick Lancelot Nott, the local Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly. It closed 5 July 1959. It was located at approx 22 Wells Station Road (). In 1935, a football team was"}, {"text": "established in Biarra by Dudley Parry Burton de Burgh Persse of Eskdale Station. The Cressbrook Dam was built in 1983. Demographics. In the , Biarra had a population of 257 people. In the , Biarra had a population of 270 people. Education. There are no schools in Biarra. The nearest primary schools are in Toogoolawah, Esk and Crows Nest. The nearest secondary schools are in Toogoolawah and Crows Nest."}, {"text": "The Koodathayi cyanide killings were a series of unnatural deaths which were later regarded as murders, that occurred in Koodathayi in Kerala, India. The crimes were investigated in late 2019, involving the mystery of 6 deaths over a span of 14 years. The criminal cases drew considerable media and public interest to Kerala, and eventually led to the arrest of Jollyamma Joseph. Timeline of the crimes. In 2002, Annamma Thomas (aged 57), the mother-in-law of the accused, drank a glass of water after returning home from a walk. Immediately afterwards, she began to feel uneasy and dizzy, eventually collapsing on the floor. She was taken to the hospital where she later died, and the doctors declared that she had suffered a heart attack. In 2008, Tom Thomas (aged 66), Annamma's husband and Jolly's father-in-law, passed away after swooning and collapsing. Jolly Joseph was allegedly present at the spot on both occasions. In 2011, Roy Thomas (aged 40), Jolly's then husband, died after consuming his dinner of rice and Bengal gram curry. He was found dead in a bathroom which was locked from the inside. The cause of death was then ruled as suicide due to financial issues as the post-mortem"}, {"text": "report showed traces of poison. Roy's maternal uncle, Mathew Manjayadil, called for a post-mortem report and an inquiry into Roy's cause of death. In 2014, Mathew (aged 68) swooned and died after Jolly allegedly gave him poison-laden whisky. The deceased Roy has a cousin named Shaju Zachariah. The same year (2014), Shaju's two-year-old daughter, Alphine Shaju, died after \"choking on food\". In 2016, Jolly allegedly gave Sily Shaju (aged 41), Alphine's mother, a mushroom capsule, which Jolly convinced Sily that would help her with energy and depression and Sily died on the spot soon after. In 2018, Rojo Thomas (brother of Roy Thomas) came down to Koodathayi and filed a series of RTI applications. From the government hospital, he received a copy of the autopsy report of his brother's body. \"When he read the report, he found out that what Jolly told us was wrong. Jolly told us he had food at 3.30 pm and hadn't had food after that. But it was clear in the post-mortem report that he had rice and Bengal gram curry at 8.30 pm,\" said family friend Mohammad Bawa. \"Acute cyanide poisoning can result in death in a matter of seconds. Cyanide does not accumulate"}, {"text": "in the body and so it is rare to encounter it in slow death cases,\" explained Dr V. V. Pillay, head of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences in Kochi. Suspects. Jolly Joseph who was 47 at the time of her arrest in 2019, was the prime suspect in the murder of six members of the family she married into. It was Renji Thomas, Roy Thomas's sister, who complained to the police about the six unnatural deaths whose investigation led to Jolly Joseph. Following her arrest in October 2019, Jolly confessed to using cyanide to kill the six aforementioned people. She allegedly obtained the cyanide with the help of M. S. Mathew and Praji Kumar, who have also been arrested. Jolly Joseph. Jolly was originally from Kattappana, Idukki district, and a first year college dropout. She married her first husband Roy Thomas in 1997. Jolly and Roy had two sons, now aged 19 and 24. According to her neighbor, Jolly lied to fellow villagers about being an M.Com. (Master's degree in Commerce) graduate and working at the prestigious NIT Calicut. Her whereabouts during her daily outings to her fake job remained uncertain. In 2011, her husband Roy"}, {"text": "Thomas died under mysterious circumstances. Following the death of Shaju Zachariah's wife in 2016, Jolly married Shaju. Jolly had been described as \"jovial, friendly, jolly and pious\" by people who knew her. M. S. Mathew. According to the police, Mathew, a jewellery shop employee who was also a distant relative and lover of Jolly, was the one who provided Jolly with the cyanide. He reportedly told the police that he procured the cyanide from Praji Kumar after giving him two bottles of alcohol and . Mathew claims that Jolly asked him for cyanide to kill a stray dog that comes near her house. Praji Kumar. Praji Kumar was a goldsmith who allegedly gave M. S. Mathew the cyanide. He stated that he assumed the poison was being bought to kill rats. In popular culture. Antony Perumbavoor announced his upcoming movie would be based on the Koodathayi incident, with the leading role played by Mohanlal, synchronized actress Dini Daniel launched a poster through social media of her new movie based the same topic in which she plays as Jolly Joseph. Malayalam entertainment-oriented TV channels are airing the same topic in their serials but using a different method of storytelling fencing against"}, {"text": "legal issues. In November 2019, Kairali TV released a serial based on the Koodathayi case. Serial actress Divya Sreedhar had played the role of Dolly, a woman who is a psychopath. \"Krithyam\" was the first Malayalam television serial that portrayed the Koodathayi incident. In December 2019, Sony TV's crime series \"Crime Patrol\" presented 3 episodes case based on Koodathayi incident. In 2020, a Malayalam TV series named \"Koodathayi\" was aired on Flowers TV based on the series killing incident. Actress Muktha played the role of killer in the Malayalam serial. Actors like Mallika Sukumaran, Kollam Thulasi, Dayyana Hamid etc., played other roles in that serial. On 7 September 2020, Spotify launched a ten-episode original podcast, \"Death, Lies & Cyanide\" narrated by the journalist Sashi Kumar, based on the murders. On 22 December 2023, Netflix released a documentary film titled \"\" based on the case. It is directed by Christo Tomy, and written by Shalini Ushadevi. \"Anali\", an upcoming web series on Disney+ Hotstar directed by Midhun Manuel Thomas is reportedly based on the case. It stars Nikhila Vimal and Leona Lishoy in lead roles."}, {"text": "Lake Pitihkwakew 102B is an Indian reserve of the Muskeg Lake Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is north-west of Blaine Lake."}, {"text": "Milivoy Stoyan Stanoyevich (14 February 1881 \u2013 1960) was a Serbian-American university professor, essayist and author of several books. Biography. He was born Milivoy Stoyan Stanoyevich in a small village called Koprivnica in the Austro-Hungarian Empire on 14 February 1881, the second of four sons (Milan, Vidoje, and Milo\u0161). After graduating from the gymnasium in Koprivnica, he enrolled at the University of Belgrade in 1898. Four years later (1901), he graduated and \"was appointed professor \"ad interim\" of modern languages at Zaje\u010dar College. He might have lived happily as a college professor had he not written a pamphlet entitled \"Youth and Socialism\", which enraged the Serbian government at a time when communism was threatening the \"status quo\" of every Slavic country. After appearing in court he was given an option -- jail or exile -- for his political crime. After much deliberation with his father Stoyan, Milivoy left Serbia to study in Vienna and Geneva and then crossed the Atlantic to America, never to return.\" He arrived in 1908 in New York City, where he found work and continued his post-graduate studies in literature at Columbia University and later at the University of California at Berkley, where he earned his"}, {"text": "Master of Arts and Master of Literature degrees in 1914. In 1915 he became a lecturer in Slavonic literature at his \"alma mater\" and in 1916 he was appointed political adviser on Slavic Affairs in the office of the Imperial Russian consul-general in San Francisco. After two years of graduate work and employment at the consulate, he received his Ph.D., and in 1917 married Beatrice Louise Stevenson, who grew up on Fifth Avenue in New York. \"She was an educated woman with strong literary tastes who fell in love with Milivoy and the romance of the Serbs. Their marriage was happy, they collaborated together on several books, including a translation of Serbian poetry that sings the praises of Dubrovnik.\" In the 1920s he published his thesis about Tolstoy, worked as an editor for The New York Times, and taught Slavonic languages at Columbia University. Stanoyevich edited several Yugoslav and Serbian publications, namely the Pittsburgh-based American Srbobran, and frequently contributed to American periodicals and magazines such as \"The Nation\", \"The Century\", \"The Encyclopedia Americana\", \"Current History\", \"Business & Economics\", \"The Bookman\", \"Geographical Review\", \"Contemporary Review\", and many other similar publications. His writings are marked by a fresh and vigorous style, refined"}, {"text": "simplicity, and incisive diction. His studies are full of delicate observation of human nature and he may be justly regarded as a representative writer of Serbian prose. According to Matthew Stevenson, his grandson, Milivoy Stanoyevich was a casualty of the Great Depression. He kept reading and writing but left teaching to start a number of dubious business ventures, such as Universal Syndicate. He also challenged planning boards in New Jersey or tried to set himself up as a trust. In the late 1950s, he suffered a stroke and was in ill health until he died in New York City in 1960. By the next generation, Milivoy Stanoyevich's son Nikolai dropped his father's surname and adopted his mother's."}, {"text": "The 2019 African Women's Handball Champions League was the 41st edition, organized by the African Handball Confederation, under the auspices of the International Handball Federation, the handball sport governing body. The tournament was held from October 4\u201313, 2019 at the Pavilh\u00e3o Vav\u00e1 Duarte and Pavilh\u00e3o Craveiro Lopes in Praia, Cape Verde, contested by 8 teams and won by Clube Desportivo Primeiro de Agosto of Angola. \"Times given below are in CVT .\""}, {"text": "Last Mountain Lake 80A is a shared Indian reserve in Saskatchewan, used by the Day Star, George Gordon, Kawacatoose, Muscowpetung, Muskowekwan, Pasqua, and Piapot First Nations. It is in Township 21, Range 21, west of the Second Meridian. The reserve is located on the western shore of Last Mountain Lake, on the west side of Regina Beach. It surrounds Little Arm Bay, which is where Arm River flows into the lake."}, {"text": "Leaf Rapids 192P is an Indian reserve of the English River First Nation in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "Alen Akhrovich Avidzba (; born 24 February 2000) is a Russian tennis player. Career. Avidzba has a career high ATP singles ranking of 380 achieved on 29 April 2019. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 1098 achieved on 17 December 2018. Avidzba made his ATP main draw debut at the 2019 Kremlin Cup after receiving a wildcard for the singles main draw."}, {"text": "Alibek Muratovich Kachmazov (; born 17 August 2002) is a Russian tennis player. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 161 achieved on 5 May 2025. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 250 achieved on 8 May 2023. Career. 2019-2023: ATP debut and first win. Kachmazov made his ATP main draw debut at the 2019 Kremlin Cup after receiving a wildcard for the singles main draw. He entered the main draw at the 2023 Chengdu Open as a qualifier but lost in the first round to Christopher O'Connell. He entered the qualifying draw at the 2023 Astana Open as an alternate and won in the first round against third seed Fabian Marozsan and seventh seed Damir Dzumhur to qualify for his third main draw. He won his first ATP Tour level match against Corentin Moutet. 2024: First ATP semifinal, top 200 debut. Ranked No. 252, he again entered the main draw at the 2024 Chengdu Open as a qualifier and recorded his second and third ATP wins over two top 100 players Aleksandar Kovacevic, Taro Daniel, and top-30 player Nicol\u00e1s Jarry to reach his first ATP semifinal, becoming the lowest-ranked semifinalist"}, {"text": "in tournament history. As a result he reached a new career-high ranking in the top 180 on 23 September 2024, raising more than 70 positions up."}, {"text": "Savriyan Alexeyevich Danilov (; born 3 June 2000) is a Russian tennis player. Danilov has a career high ATP singles ranking of 556 achieved on 25 November 2019. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 658 achieved on 11 November 2019. Danilov made his ATP main draw debut at the 2019 Kremlin Cup after receiving a wildcard for the doubles main draw partnering Roman Safiullin. Danilov currently attends the University of San Diego."}, {"text": "Little Black Bear 84 is an Indian reserve of the Little Black Bear First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about east of Fort Qu'Appelle. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 137 living in 34 of its 43 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 51 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Little Black Bear 84SC is an Indian reserve of the Little Black Bear First Nation in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "Little Bone 74B is an Indian reserve of the Zagime Anishinabek in Saskatchewan. It is in Townships 23 and 24, Ranges 3 and 4, west of the Second Meridian. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 24 living in 8 of its 8 total private dwellings."}, {"text": "Little Hills 158 is an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band in Saskatchewan. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 0 living in 0 of its 0 total private dwellings."}, {"text": "Little Hills 158A is an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band in Saskatchewan. It is 6 miles south-west of La Ronge, and on the north bank of the Little Hills River."}, {"text": "Little Hills 158B is an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band in Saskatchewan. It is about 8 miles south-west of La Ronge, and on the south-eastern shore of Bigstone Lake."}, {"text": "Little Pine 116 is an Indian reserve of the Little Pine First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about north-west of North Battleford. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 700 living in 201 of its 220 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 50 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Little Red River 106C is an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band in Saskatchewan. It is about north of Prince Albert. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 354 living in 88 of its 98 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 48 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Little Red River 106D is an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band in Saskatchewan. It is 25 miles north of Prince Albert, and in Township 53, Range 1, west of the Third Meridian. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 5 living in 1 of its 3 total private dwellings."}, {"text": "The Lucky Man Reserve is an Indian reserve of the Lucky Man Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It consists of Sections 25 to 36, Township 46, Range 6, west of the Third Meridian. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 0 living in 0 of its 0 total private dwellings. Chief Lucky Man was one of the first adherents to Treaty 6, but his application for a reserve was originally denied. The Lucky Man Cree Nation was re-established in the 1970s, after years of its descendants living on Little Pine 116, and found eligible for a treaty land entitlement claim. In 1989, the band's application for the Mayfair provincial pasture was approved. Few members live on the reserve today."}, {"text": "Makwa Lake 129 is an Indian reserve of the Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about north-west of North Battleford. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 15 living in 5 of its 5 total private dwellings."}, {"text": "Makwa Lake 129A is an Indian reserve of the Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about 95 miles north-west of North Battleford."}, {"text": "Makwa Lake 129B is an Indian reserve of the Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about 95 miles north-west of North Battleford. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 982 living in 226 of its 444 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 47 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Makwa Lake 129C is an Indian reserve of the Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about 95 miles north-west of North Battleford. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 10 living in 4 of its 5 total private dwellings."}, {"text": "Manawanstawayak 230 is an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "Maskikopawiscikosik 229 is an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "Kick-Ass (also known as Hit-Girl & Kick-Ass, or simply Hit-Girl) is a media franchise based on the adventures of superheroes of the same name, created by Mark Millar and John Romita Jr. Set in the Millarworld, it began in 2008 with Marvel's \"Kick-Ass \u2013 The Dave Lizewski Years\", followed by the anthology \"Millarworld Annual\" from 2016 to 2017, two stand-alone sequel series, \"Kick-Ass \u2013 The New Girl\" and \"Hit-Girl\", from 2018 to 2020, and two crossover series, \"Kick-Ass vs. Hit-Girl\" and \"Big Game\", in 2020 and 2023. In the series, Hit-Girl is a young vigilante (later a Kingsman agent) going around the world stopping crime in violent ways, while Kick-Ass has had three people take the mantle, a hero (Dave Lizewski), a sidekick (Paul McQue), and a villain (Patience Lee). \"Kick-Ass\", co-written and directed by Matthew Vaughn and also co-written by Jane Goldman, was released in March 2010. The film stars Aaron Taylor-Johnson and Chlo\u00eb Grace Moretz. A sequel to this film, \"Kick-Ass 2\", written and directed by Jeff Wadlow, was released in August 2013. Adaptations of the films have been published, and numerous \"Kick-Ass\" video games have been released since 2010. In January 2024, Matthew Vaughn revealed that a"}, {"text": "new trilogy of \"Kick-Ass\" films are in the works, and that the first two films, directed by Damien Walters and titled \"\" and \"Stuntnuts Does School Fight\", had secretly been greenlit, cast, and had completed filming. Overview. Created by Mark Millar and John Romita Jr., the \"Hit-Girl & Kick-Ass\" franchise is set in Millar's shared universe, the Millarworld, first established at the conclusion of Book Four of \"The Dave Lizewski Years\", which makes reference to the events of \"Wanted\", \"Nemesis\", \"Kingsman\", \"Superior\", and \"MPH\", with \"Jupiter's Legacy\" and \"Supercrooks\" existing as fiction within the franchise, leading into the crossover miniseries \"Big Game\", released in 2023 following extensive development hell. Comic series. \"Kick-Ass \u2013 The Dave Lizewski Years\" (2008\u20132014). The \"Kick-Ass\" franchise began in 2008 with Book One of \"The Dave Lizewski Years\", originally published as \"Kick-Ass\". Books Two, Three, and Four, originally respectively published as \"Hit-Girl\", \"Kick-Ass 2\" and \"Kick-Ass 3\", followed 2010\u20132014. The original series was rebranded as \"The Dave Lizewski Years\" following the release of stand-alone sequel series \"The New Girl\" and \"Hit-Girl\" in 2018, and heavily edited to remove scenes of violence and swearing, and all mention of Dave Lizewski's identity as Kick-Ass being revealed to the"}, {"text": "world in the third volume, a plot point ignored in the fourth volume. The series follows Dave (initially a teenager) as he sets out to become a real-life superhero over the course of several years as Kick-Ass, who joins forces with existing vigilante Hit-Girl to take on the New York Mafia, their actions bringing an influx of supervillains and heroes into the world. \"Millarworld Annual\" (2016\u20132017). In 2016 and 2019, Mark Millar published the \"Millarworld Annual\", an anthology annual consisting of one-shot specials containing winning entries from the online contest for up-and-coming creators held by Millar in 2015 and 2016), whose stories would be published within the canon of the Millarworld. The 2016 annual \"Millarworld Annual 2016\" would contain the stories \"Kick-Ass: Blindsided\" (written by Ricardo Mo, and illustrated by Ifesinachi Orkiekwe) and \"Hit-Girl: Mindy's ABCs\" (written by Mark Abnett, and illustrated by Ozgur Yildirim), while the 2017 annual \"Millarworld New Talent Annual 2017\" would contain the story \"Kick-Ass: Trick or Cheat\" (written by Emma Sayle, and illustrated by Edgy Ziane). \"Kick-Ass \u2013 The New Girl\" (2018\u20132019). As of February 14, 2018, a new \"Kick-Ass\" series from Image Comics, titled \"Kick-Ass \u2013 The New Girl\", went into publication, featuring an"}, {"text": "adult female protagonist named Patience Lee, an Afghanistan war veteran and single mother who dons the Kick-Ass costume and mantle to clear her family's financial debts by initially robbing high-profile criminals, eventually becoming a crime boss and taking over the former crime bosses' territories as the supervillain Kick-Ass. \"Hit-Girl\" (2018\u20132020). On February 21, 2018, the first issue of a \"Hit-Girl\" series from Image Comics was published, with a successive change of writers and artists for each story arc; Frank Quitely, Eduardo Risso, Rafael Albuquerque, Kevin Smith, Daniel Way and Pete Milligan named as the authors involved for each arc, from ': \"Hit-Girl In Colombia\", \"Canada\", and \"Rome\", and ': \"Hollywood\", \"Hong Kong\", and \"India\". The title sees Mindy McCready leaving America to carry on her fight for justice on a worldwide scale, depicting events mentioned in the epilogue of Book Four of \"The Dave Lizewski Years\", serving as a sequel to the main events of the series. \"Kick-Ass vs. Hit-Girl\" (2020\u20132021). \"Kick-Ass vs. Hit-Girl\", a five-issue series depicting the first confrontation between Hit-Girl and Patience Lee, went into publication on November 11, 2020, serving as the fourth and final volumes of \"Kick-Ass \u2013 The New Girl\" and the seventh and"}, {"text": "final volume of \"Hit-Girl\". \"Crossover\" (2020\u2013present). An adult Hit-Girl first appears in the sixth issue of the Image Comics crossover series \"Crossover\" after being dragged into another reality by \"The Event,\" partaking in an endless battle between residents of the Marvel, DC, and Image Universes (amongst characters from many other properties by Image Comics, Dark Horse Comics, Skybound Entertainment and Boom! Studios, including \"The Wicked + The Divine\" and \"I Hate Fairyland\"), saving Otto and Ellie before jumping into another battle. \"Big Game\" (2023). In this miniseries, set fifteen years after the events of \"The Dave Lizewski Years\", a now-27-year-old Mindy and 31-year-old Dave separately go up against the Fraternity of Super-Criminals led by Wesley Gibson, with Mindy teaming up with Gary \"Eggsy\" Unwin and joining his spy organisation Kingsman, and Dave being granted real superpowers by the Magic Order and becoming the superhero Codename: America, joining the superhero team The Ambassadors. Film series. Films. \"Kick-Ass\" (2010). The first film, \"Kick-Ass\" (2010), is set over the course of two years. Using his love for comics as inspiration, teenager Dave Lizewski (Aaron Johnson) decides to reinvent himself as a superhero\u2014despite a complete lack of special powers. Dave dons a costume, dubs"}, {"text": "himself \"Kick-Ass,\" and gets to work fighting crime. He joins forces with the father/daughter vigilante team of Big Daddy and Hit Girl, then befriends another fledgling crime-fighter called Red Mist (Christopher Mintz-Plasse), but a scheming mobster soon puts their alliance to the test. The rights to a film version of \"Kick-Ass\" were sold before the first issue of the comic book of the same name was initially published. Developed in parallel by Mark Millar and Matthew Vaughn, the film's script, developed by Vaughn and Jane Goldman, took a different story direction, to reach many of the same conclusions, described by Millar as a \"chick flick\", with Goldman doing \"construction work\" and the \"interior designing\" and Vaughn serving as the story's \"architect\". Vaughn said that, \"We wrote the script and the comic at the same time so it was a very sort of collaborative, organic process. I met [Millar] at the premiere of \"Stardust\". We got on really well. I knew who he was and what he had done but I didn't know him. He pitched me the idea. I said, 'That's great!' He then wrote a synopsis. I went, 'That's great, let's go do it now! You write the comic,"}, {"text": "I'll write the script. In April 2010, Aaron Taylor-Johnson (as Aaron Johnson), Chlo\u00eb Grace Moretz and Christopher Mintz-Plasse were announced to have been respectively cast as Kick-Ass, Hit-Girl and Red Mist, having been cast in 2008; Mintz-Plasse said of the creators of the film that in the lead-up to the film's release they were wondering whether a distributor would pick up the movie. On the set Vaughn jokingly referred to \"Kick-Ass\" as something that was going to be \"the most expensive home movie I ever made\". Due to the subsequent popularity of the \"Kick-Ass\" film, elements of the film were incorporated into the series in Books Two and Three of \"The Dave Lizewski Years\", with Marcus Williams, created for the film, introduced as Hit-Girl's step-father, and the relationship between Katie and Lizewski, and Kick-Ass and Red Mist being much calmer, as Millar had aligned the characters with their movie counterparts, explained in-universe as both characters having overhauled their sense of self following separate pilgrimages. Filming locations during the principal photography stage of development included Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Dip 'N' Sip Donuts on Kingston Road in Toronto, Sir Winston Churchill Secondary School, and \"many Toronto landmarks that play cameos\"; and various"}, {"text": "locations in the United Kingdom, including Elstree Studios. \"Kick-Ass 2\" (2013). The second film, \"Kick-Ass 2\" (2013) is set over the course of one year. Adapting Books Two and Three of \"The Dave Lizewski Years\", the film follows Dave (Aaron Taylor-Johnson), aka Kick-Ass, and Mindy (Chlo\u00eb Grace Moretz), aka Hit Girl, are trying to live as normal teenagers and briefly form a crime-fighting team. After Mindy is busted and forced to retire as Hit Girl, Dave joins a group of amateur superheroes led by Col. Stars and Stripes (Jim Carrey), a reformed mobster. Just as Dave and company start to make a real difference on the streets, the villain formerly known as Red Mist (Christopher Mintz-Plasse) rears his head yet again. Near the release of \"Kick-Ass\", Mark Millar and Matthew Vaughn stated that a sequel would be possible if the first film was to perform well at the box office, and Vaughn expressed interest in directing the sequel. On May 8, 2012, it was reported that a sequel would be distributed by Universal Studios, and that Matthew Vaughn, at the time occupied with directing \"\", had chosen Jeff Wadlow, who also wrote the script, to direct the sequel, titled \"Kick-Ass"}, {"text": "2\". Later that month, Aaron Taylor-Johnson and Chlo\u00eb Grace Moretz entered negotiations to reprise their roles as Kick-Ass and Hit-Girl, respectively. Chad Gomez Creasey and Dara Resnik Creasey performed uncredited work on Wadlow's script to make Hit-Girl more feminine and less crass in light of Moretz's older age. In July 2012, Christopher Mintz-Plasse confirmed that he would return as Chris D'Amico who becomes the supervillain The Motherfucker. Mintz-Plasse expressed relief that scenes depicting sexual assault from the comic book would not be included in the film and went on to compare the gang violence in the story to the film \"The Warriors\". That same month, it was announced that John Leguizamo would play a character named Javier, one of The Motherfucker's bodyguards. In August 2012, it was reported that Donald Faison would play the superhero Doctor Gravity. Also that month, Yancy Butler was set to reprise her role as Angie D'Amico, Lyndsy Fonseca stated that she would return as Katie Deauxma in a smaller role, Robert Emms was cast as the former police officer turned superhero Insect Man, Morris Chestnut was confirmed to replace Omari Hardwick as Hit-Girl's guardian Marcus Williams, Lindy Booth was confirmed to play Night Bitch, a"}, {"text": "superhero seeking to avenge the murder of her sister, Andy Nyman was announced to play one of the villains named The Tumor, and Claudia Lee joined the cast as Brooke, the leader of a gang of school bullies. In September 2012, Jim Carrey was cast in the role of Colonel Stars and Stripes, former gangster, born again Christian, and leader of superhero group Justice Forever. Also in September, Enzo Cilenti was confirmed to appear in the film. It was confirmed that bodybuilder Olga Kurkulina would portray the villainess Mother Russia. It was revealed that Clark Duke would reprise his role as Marty Eisenberg, who becomes the superhero Battle Guy, and that Augustus Prew would take over the role of Todd Haynes, who becomes the superhero Ass-Kicker, from Evan Peters. Principal photography began on September 7, 2012 in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Once filming in Mississauga wrapped in late September, the cast and crew continued shooting in London, England, at Ashmole Academy. Filming concluded on November 23, 2012. Canceled third film and revival. In April 2012, while \"Kick-Ass 2\" was still in pre-production, Mark Millar stated that a third film was also planned. In June 2013, however, he revealed that it was"}, {"text": "not confirmed and would be dependent on how successful the second film was. Later the same month he further elaborated that if it went ahead, the third film would be the final installment: \"\"Kick-Ass 3\" is going to be the last one... I told Universal this and they asked me, \u2018What does that mean?\u2019 I said, \u2018It means that this is where it all ends.\u2019 They said, \u2018Do they all die at the end?\u2019 I said, \u2018Maybe\u2019 \u2013 because this is a realistic superhero story... if someone doesn't have a bullet proof vest like Superman, and doesn't have Batman's millions, then eventually he is going to turn around the wrong corner and get his head kicked in or get shot in the face. So Kick-Ass needs to reflect that. There has to be something dramatic at the end; he cannot do this for the rest of his life.\" Moretz expressed interested in exploring a darker story for Hit-Girl, stating: \"I want to see something we haven't seen yet. Now we've seen who Mindy is, now we've seen who Hit-Girl is, I think we need to meld the characters together and have Mindy become Hit-Girl and Hit-Girl become Mindy. Maybe her"}, {"text": "natural hair has a streak of purple in it, maybe she really does go kind of crazy and go a bit darker since she lost her father.\" She also added, \"I would only do the third one if it was logical. It needs to be a good script and a director, probably Matthew (Vaughn). The third film needs to fully wrap up the series and has to be a good note to end on.\" In August 2013, Millar stated that the film is \"in the pipeline\". In May 2014, Taylor-Johnson stated he too would be interested in a third film. In the same month, Christopher Mintz-Plasse expressed doubt that a third film would happen, due to the second installment's disappointing box office performance. In June 2014, Moretz also expressed doubts in a third film, with the actress citing second film's lower box office gross as the key obstacle to the third chapter being produced; while suggesting that file sharing was a factor: \"The hard thing is if fans want a third movie, they\u2019ve got to go buy the ticket to go see the movie. It was like the second most pirated movie of the year, so if you want a"}, {"text": "movie to be made into a second, a third, a fourth and a fifth, go buy a ticket. Don't pirate it.\" In August 2014, Moretz reiterated her previous statements and said \"sadly, I think I'm done with [Hit-Girl]\". In February 2015, Matthew Vaughn expressed optimism for a \"Hit-Girl\" prequel, stating he believed he could also bring back the starring cast. In June of the same year, Vaughn stated that he is working on the Hit-Girl film, with plans to make \"Kick-Ass 3\" afterwards. In June 2018, the filmmaker confirmed the film to still be in development, in addition expressing interest in a sequel film with Chlo\u00eb Grace Moretz reprising her role. In January 2018, Mark Millar said that he'd like to see Tessa Thompson portray the Patience Lee incarnation of the character in a prospective third \"Kick-Ass\" film; while Thompson stated that she was \"highly interested\" in the role. In June 2018, Matthew Vaughn announced his new film production company Marv Studios, under which banner he will produce \"Kick-Ass 3\", followed by a reboot of the \"Hit-Girl & Kick-Ass\" series. \"Stuntnuts: The Movie\" (TBA). In December 2021, Vaughn revealed he intended to develop a reboot once the rights reverted to"}, {"text": "him in two years. By October 2023, the filmmaker stated that the reboot would include new characters while he also intends to include stars of the first two movies in a later installment as well. In January 2024, Vaughn revealed that a third installment which is intended to be the first of a new trilogy had already completed filming. Titled \"School Fight\" and directed by Damien Walters. The filmmaker later noted that the trilogy of new films share continuity, and that it is his intention of taking other creative roles and allowing his second-unit team to take on a more prominent role in filmmaking. \"Stuntnuts Does School Fight\" (TBA). In January 2024, Matthew Vaughn announced that the second film in his upcoming trilogy would be developed under the working-title of \"Vram\". In February 2024, Vaughn revealed that the second film in the trilogy would be titled \"The Stuntman\", and was currently in production, with Damien Walters returning to direct. Principal photography began in October 2023 in Hampshire. The film was aiming to be released at the 2024 Toronto International Film Festival or at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival. Future. In January 2024, upon revealing the existence of an upcoming trilogy"}, {"text": "of new \"Kick-Ass\" films and the secretly-filmed third installment titled \"School Fight\", Matthew Vaughn also announced that the next projects would be developed under the working-titles of \"Vram\", and another also tentatively entitled \"Kick-Ass\". Vaughn stated in February of the same year, that though he has been involved with the filmmaking process of the trilogy, he has intended to allow his second-unit team to serve as the primary filmmakers. Confirming that \"Vram\" is near completion, he stated that once principal photography has wrapped, \"School Fight\" will be released. A third feature, \"Stuntnuts Does Shiver\", described as Jaws meets Groundhog Day, was being announced by Vaughn in September 2024. Vaughn also confirmed a fourth film with all four to be directed by Damien Walters. Video games. In April 2010, it was confirmed that \"Kick-Ass\" would have a tie-in game to accompany its release, and that it would be a beat 'em up combat video game, released on iOS and PlayStation Network (PSN) developed and published by Frozen Codebase (published by WHA Entertainment for the PSN version). The iOS version of the game was released on April 17, 2010, but had since been pulled from the Apple App Market. The PlayStation Network"}, {"text": "version of the game was released on April 29, 2010 in North America and May 5, 2010 in Europe. On August 14, 2014, Freedom Factory Studios released a beat 'em up sequel, \"Kick-Ass 2: The Game,\" based on the movie \"Kick-Ass 2\". Merchandise. Funko released Pop! Wacky Wobbler bobblehead figures of Kick-Ass, Hit-Girl and Red Mist in 2011."}, {"text": "Mawdsley Lake 192R is an Indian reserve of the English River First Nation in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "McKay 209 is an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "Meadow Lake 105A is an Indian reserve of the Flying Dust First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is 7 miles south-west of Meadow Lake. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 0 living in 0 of its 1 total private dwellings."}, {"text": "Meadow Lake 105C is an Indian reserve of the Flying Dust First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is Lots 12, 13, and 14, Block 14, northeast quarter of Section 26, Township 59, Range 17, west of the Third Meridian."}, {"text": "Sophie Hedwig Bleuler-Waser (born Sophie Hedwig Waser; 29 December 1869 \u2013 1 February 1940) was a Swiss suffragette who founded the Swiss Federation of Abstinent Women. Personal life. Bleuler-Waser was born on 29 December 1869 in Z\u00fcrich. Bleuler-Waser married Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler. The two met while campaigning for the abstinence movement. The couple did not frequent Church and followed the ideas of the Enlightenment. Education and career. In 1901 she met Auguste Forel, a Swiss myrmecologist, neuroanatomist, psychiatrist and eugenicist, and at his suggestion, she founded the Swiss Federation of Abstinent Women. She chaired the Federation as president until October 1921. Together with her five children, she ran social events at the psychiatric hospital her husband, Dr. Eugen Bleuler, worked at, including serving afternoon tea. In 1907, Bleuler-Waser graduated from the University of Zurich, becoming one of the few women to receive her doctorate. While at the University of Zurich she established lasting friendships with Marie Baum, Ricarda Huch and Marianne Plehn. After completing her doctorate, she taught at the H\u00f6here M\u00e4dchenschule in Z\u00fcrich. During World War 1, Bleuler-Waser and Else Z\u00fcblin were involved in the construction of alcohol-free soldiers' offices. In the winter of 1917, she started women's"}, {"text": "education courses in Z\u00fcrich. For most of the time Bleuler was working in Burgh\u00f6lzli, between 1898 and 1927, the family lived together in an apartment outside the clinic. The apartment was also home to a secretary and junior doctor. From 1919 until 1937, she led the German-Swiss Ortsgruppenvereinigung (Local chapter of Association). Selected publications. The following is a list of selected publications:"}, {"text": "Sebastian Arocha Morton is a Grammy-nominated American record producer and composer based in Los Angeles, California. Throughout his career as a record producer and songwriter, Morton has worked with many notable artists, including Seal, Sting, Santana, Donna Summer, Fischerspooner, Vikter Duplaix, Common, and Mary J. Blige. Morton was also a composer and producer for the films \"Little Miss Sunshine\", \"Iron Man 2\", \"Houdini\", \"RoboCop\", \"\", \"League of Gods\", \"Mr. Robot\", and \"Young Sheldon\". Morton composes and fuses a wide variety of musical genres, ranging from dance to hip hop, soul and ambient, among various other genres. His approach to film scoring bridges the worlds of modern electronic production and more traditional melodic orchestral composing. Education and career. Morton graduated from the Berklee College of Music in Boston, where he studied film scoring and production/engineering. Afterwards, he moved to Los Angeles, California to pursue a career in the film and music industries as a staff writer for Universal Music. Morton then began producing electronic music in the early 2000s under the artist name ROCAsound. After several Billboard #1 singles and platinum albums, he started his own production company and opened a recording facility under the same name. As ROCAsound, he has"}, {"text": "remixed and produced tracks for the soundtrack to \"Iron Man 2\", as well as songs and remixes for Donna Summer, Sting, Chaka Khan, Seal, The Dandy Warhols, Counting Crows, Jody Watley, The Killers, Kaskade, Ricky Martin, Yuridia, and Fischerspooner, among various other artists. After much success as ROCAsound, Morton discovered and signed Billboard #1 electronic artist Samantha James, and went on to write and produce the albums \"Subconscious\" and \"Rise\" for San Francisco label OM Records. Morton later worked on Donna Summer's final studio album \"Crayons\", where he was credited among producers such as Greg Kurstin and J.R. Rotem. The first single for that record, \"I'm a Fire\" (produced and co-written by Morton), went to #1 on the charts and set a record for her as the only female artist in history with a #1 Billboard dance hit in every decade since the 1970s. Also, as a songwriter, Morton has worked closely with hit writers Claudia Brant and Bruce Sudano. Other collaborations include: Selected awards. Some of Morton's Grammy Award nominations include: Billboard #1 Singles and Albums include:"}, {"text": "Min-a-he-quo-sis 116A is an Indian reserve of the Little Pine First Nation in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "Min-a-he-quo-sis 116C is an Indian reserve of the Little Pine First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about north-west of North Battleford. Uniquely, In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 0 living in 0 of its 0 total private dwellings. This adds it to the long list of \"empty\" Indian reserves."}, {"text": "The Coxipi River () is a salmon river in the C\u00f4te-Nord region of Quebec, Canada. It flows south through Quebec from Labrador and empties into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. Location. The main channel of the river is about long, of which is in Labrador. The river has a Strahler number of 6. The headwaters of the river rise at about . The river drops by more than in its first . It is fed by Lake Poincarr\u00e9. The Lake Coxipi is long and narrow, essentially a widening of the Coxipi River. The mouth of the river is in the municipality of Saint-Augustin in Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent Regional County Municipality. It is about from the village of Saint-Augustin. Name. The 1914 and 1925 editions of the \"Dictionnaire des rivi\u00e8res et lacs de la province de Qu\u00e9bec\" call the river L\u00e9andre River. That name is said to come from a fisherman named L\u00e9andre who was based at its mouth for many years. The 1921 \"Noms g\u00e9ographiques de la province de Qu\u00e9bec\" gives L\u00e9andre River as the official name, and refers Coxipi River to L\u00e9andre River. In 1948 the Quebec Geography Commission accepted Coxipi as the official name. The name \"Coxipi\" comes from"}, {"text": "the Innu language name Kak Sipi, which means \"porcupine river\". Some sources say that \"coxipi\" means \"sorcerer\". Description. The \"Dictionnaire des rivi\u00e8res et lacs de la province de Qu\u00e9bec\" (1914) says of the L\u00e9andre River, Basin. The Coxipi River basin covers . Of this is in Labrador. It lies between the basins of the Saint-Augustin River to the west and the Ch\u00e9catica River to the east. The Quebec portion is partly in the unorganized territory of Petit-M\u00e9catina and partly in the municipality of Saint-Augustin. The average elevation of the watershed in , rising to a maximum of . The river basin include part of the proposed Basses Collines du Lac Guernes\u00e9 Biodiversity Reserve. This would protect the area from hydroelectric development. Environment. A map of the ecological regions of Quebec shows the Coxipi River in sub-regions 6o-T, 6n-T and 6m-T of the east spruce/moss subdomain. About 80.6% of the watershed is forest covered, with just 3.1% covered in shrubs or grassland. 9.6% of the watershed in water and 1.2% wetlands. Annual daily mean temperatures are , ranging from in January to in July. Average annual precipitation is . Land mammals include black bear, moose, boreal woodland caribou, wolf, lynx, beaver,"}, {"text": "North American porcupine, mink, hare and red fox. Fishing. The Coxipi River is recognized as an Atlantic salmon river. There are several fishing holes in the rapids at the river mouth. The salmon mount the river for over . Brook trout are also common. The Pourvoirie Saint-Augustin, an outfitter accessible by boat or floatplane, provides fishing services over a stretch. The Pourvoirie Kecarpoui arranges fishing/camping expeditions that include the V\u00e9co, K\u00e9carpoui, Saint-Augustin, Coxipi, Ch\u00e9catica and Napetipi rivers."}, {"text": "\"Sandunguera\" is a 1941 guaracha recorded by Puerto Rican bandleader Rafael Mu\u00f1oz and his orchestra. It was written by Juan Torres Manzano and the original recording featured Tony S\u00e1nchez as drummer and lead vocalist. It was released as a single by RCA Victor and later as part of the greatest hits LP \"Grandes \u00e9xitos de Rafael Mu\u00f1oz y su Orquesta\", which included Mu\u00f1oz's most successful songs. The original recording of \"Sandunguera\" consists of a big band arrangement of an upbeat guaracha with a strong conga rhythm, which is alluded to in the lyrics."}, {"text": "Ministikwan 161 is an Indian reserve of the Ministikwan Lake Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is north-west of North Battleford. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 624 living in 128 of its 150 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 38 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Ministikwan 161A is an Indian reserve of the Ministikwan Lake Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is north-west of North Battleford. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 223 living in 40 of its 42 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 35 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Minoahchak 74C is an Indian reserve of the Zagime Anishinabek in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "Mirond Lake 184E is an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is 48 miles north-west of Flin Flon, on the north-eastern shore of Mirond Lake."}, {"text": "Mistahi Wasahk 209 is an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is adjacent to and east of, Southend 200. The reserve sits at the southern end of Reindeer Lake at Deep Bay crater."}, {"text": "Mistawasis 103 is an Indian reserve of the Mistawasis N\u00eahiyawak in Saskatchewan. It is west of Prince Albert. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 681 living in 175 of its 180 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 42 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "The TNCA MTW-1 was a high-wing monoplane built by the TNCA (National Aeronautical Construction Workshops). Background. In 1933 the Spanish pilots Mariano Barber\u00e1n and Joaqu\u00edn Collar Serra made the Flight of the Cuatro Vientos, a nonstop flight between Seville (Spain) and Camag\u00fcey (Cuba) in a Breguet XIX GR Super-Bid\u00f3n plane. After that trip they decided to continue towards Mexico City making a stop in Havana, however the plane disappeared near Villahermosa, Tabasco and after numerous searches among which the Mexican pilot Francisco Sarabia Tinoco participated with his airline \"Transportes A\u00e9reos de Chiapas\", however the remains were not found. Francisco Sarabia wanted to return the gesture to the Spanish pilots making a nonstop flight between Mexico and Spain in a nationally manufactured aircraft, for which he had the support of the Mexican government and TNCA. Design and development. To design the prototype, was used a design made by Dr. Mikhail T. Watter, a Russian engineer graduated from the Imperial Technical College of Moscow and the Polytechnic Institute of Kiev, who was invited to work in TNCA by General Azc\u00e1rate. Factually, MTW-1 means the initials of the Russian engineer. The design was a high-wing monoplane with two separate cabins and capacity for"}, {"text": "5,000 liters of fuel and 284 liters of oil, because it was thought to be a \"flying fuel tank\" that could cover a distance of more than 8,000 kilometers, enough to make a flight from M\u00e9rida, Mexico and Seville, Spain. The aircraft began to be built in October 1933 at the Talleres Nacionales de Construcciones Aeron\u00e1uticas (TNCA, National Aeronautical Construction Workshops) in Mexico City and it was completed in June 1934 with the registration XA-EXS, beginning on that month the tests on land where the landing gear was damaged. The aircraft was repaired and was able to make its first flight on June 28, 1934, however, on July 5 of the same year the landing gear was damaged again after landing at the Balbuena Airfield. The plans for the Mexico-Spain flight were delayed because Francisco Sarabia claimed that he plane tended to get stuck, leaned heavily to the left and it was difficult to keep it stable, while the Russian engineer complained about the lack of experience and expertise of the Mexican pilot. End of the project. By October 1935, the Mexican government led by L\u00e1zaro C\u00e1rdenas takes possession of the wreckage of the aircraft, because government had contributed $60,000\u00b0\u00b0"}, {"text": "pesos ($16,700\u00b0\u00b0 dollars of the time, about $320,000 \u00b0\u00b0 current dollars) for construction of the aircraft. The airplane was kept secret for a long time, until it was dismantled in the TNCAs and its engine was used to be the powerplant of a Corsario Azc\u00e1rate."}, {"text": "Mistawasis 103E is an Indian reserve of the Mistawasis N\u00eahiyawak in Saskatchewan. It is from Leask."}, {"text": "The Mistik Reserve is an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation in Saskatchewan on the shores of Deschambault Lake."}, {"text": "Montreal Lake 106 is an Indian reserve of the Montreal Lake Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about north of Prince Albert on the southern shore of Montreal Lake."}, {"text": "Montreal Lake 106B is an Indian reserve of the Montreal Lake Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is adjacent to Little Red River 106C and about north of Prince Albert. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 442 living in 113 of its 118 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 47 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Abdullah Hassoun Tarmin (; born 19 March 1997) is a Saudi Arabian footballer who plays as a right-back for Al-Qadsiah. Career. On 14 August 2023, Hassoun joined Al-Qadsiah on a two-year contract. Honours. Al-Qadsiah"}, {"text": "The Circle France (also known as The Circle Game in France) is a French reality competition show, produced by Studio Lambert and Motion Content Group which first aired on Netflix on 9 April 2020 that is based on a British TV series of the same name. Along with \"The Circle France\", Netflix also released separate versions of \"The Circle\" in the United States and Brazil. The show bills itself as a game based around social media, with the concept that \"anyone can be anyone in \"The Circle\"\". It has been compared to \"Big Brother\" and \"\" in format, as well as \"Black Mirror\" episode \"Nosedive\" with the concept of ratings. On 9 April 2020, the season was won by Romain Ben, who had played the game as himself, and won the \u20ac100,000 () prize that came along with it. \u00c9l\u00e9a Zazu was the runner-up. Format. The contestants, or \"players\", move into the same apartment building. However, the contestants do not meet face-to-face during the course of the competition, as they each live in their own individual apartment. They communicate solely using their profiles on a specially designed social media app that gives them the ability to portray themselves in any"}, {"text": "way they choose. Players can thus opt to present themselves as a completely different personality to the other players, a tactic otherwise known as catfishing; for example, one male player in the first season presented himself as a female identity, while another female contestant used photos of a woman she felt was more attractive. Throughout the series, the contestants \"rate\" one another from first to last place. At the end of the ratings, their average ratings are revealed to one another from lowest to highest. Normally, the two highest-rated players become \"influencers\", while the remaining players will be at risk of being \"blocked\" by the influencers. However, occasionally there may be a twist to the blocking process \u2013 varying from the lowest rating players being instantly blocked, the identity of the influencers being a secret, or multiple players being blocked at one time. Blocked players are eliminated from the game, but are given the opportunity to meet one player still in the game in-person. Then, the day after a blocking, a video message is shown to the remaining players to reveal if they were real or fake. During the finale, the contestants rate each other one final time, where the"}, {"text": "highest rated player wins the game and \u20ac100,000 (). Players. The players were selected from the \"20\u201325 individuals\" being cleared to appear on the show, with the remaining people never leaving standby status and not appearing on the show. The first nine players were revealed on \"The Circle France\"s Instagram profile. The players' profiles were revealed as they introduced themselves on-screen during an episode. Future Appearances. \"Perfect Match\". Ines Tazi appeared on Season One of Perfect Match. She was eliminated in Episode Nine. Background. Concept. Tim Harcourt is the creative director of Studio Lambert, which produces the British and American versions of the show. Harcourt wondered what a reality show would look like if the people never met face-to-face. He had also been considering the idea of a bird's-eye view-style documentary of an apartment building, seeing into each of their lives. He began to work on \"The Circle\" after hearing that Channel 4 was looking for a reality-show format centered on social media. Development. The British version of the show premiered in 2018, and was renewed for its second season a few months after the first season ended. After the first season was Channel 4's \"youngest profiling\" show in six"}, {"text": "years, according to the British TV industry magazine \"Broadcast\", talks began of international versions. On October 8, 2018, Netflix announced its partnership with All3Media to create three international versions of \"The Circle\" on Netflix, including the American version. Brandon Reigg, Netflix's Vice Principal of Unscripted Content, stated, \"We think the show's combination of modern social media interaction and competition will captivate Netflix members around the world, in multiple languages, and we're delighted to partner with Studio Lambert and Motion to produce these three new local versions.\" Production. Casting. In an interview with \"Variety\", Tim Harcourt, one of the executive producers for Studio Lambert, stated that \"The Circle\" format and premise allowed the casting team to search for all different kinds of people. He noted how the casting contrasted from casts on show like \"Real Housewives\" or \"Jersey Shore\" and how those shows are \"all one gang of quite similar characters.\" He explained how there was no set cast for the show until it was over. The first eight players to enter were all predetermined and planned, but everything after that was all luck to whoever got on. Harcourt stated that the production team would decide who would be the right"}, {"text": "fit depending on who just left the game, acknowledging that with thirteen contestants, not all who were possible players end up on the show at all. Jennifer Teixido was the casting director for \"The Circle France\". The Circle app. Each apartment that the players live in is plastered with screens in every room in order for the players be able to hold conversations with other players as they go about their everyday lives. Each player starts out the game by creating a profile. This includes sharing their age, relationship status, a short bio, and one photo to use as their profile picture. Every day, the players are allowed to share a status update, explaining their thoughts for the day. Sometimes, either through rewards or passing a certain milestone, the players are allowed to upload another photo to their profile. However, the main purpose of The Circle (\"du Cercle\" in French) is to be the only way players can communicate with each other. At several points during the game, usually every episode, The Circle has the players play a minigame so that they can get to know their fellow players better. Tim Harcourt of Studio Lambert says that \"some games were"}, {"text": "really good for bonding them, some were really good for them learning about each other, some were good for testing who's a catfish, some could have been more divisive.\" At certain points during the show, there would be a rating. Players would have to rate each other from first to last by using The Circle and announcing the players they want in each placement. Then, the ratings would be averaged and create an average placement for each player. Depending on how high or low their average placement was, the player's ranking would determine if they became in influencer or not. An influencer is usually the two people who get first and second place at the ratings. The influencers would head to the hangout and discuss over The Circle which person to block. Filming. \"The Circle France\" was filmed in December 2019, in the same Salford, England apartment building that was also used by American version's first season, the British version's second season, and the Brazilian version's first season. The season was the last of that batch of four seasons filmed. Release. On 26 March 2020, the trailer for the French version was released, revealing the premiere date to be 9"}, {"text": "April 2020, and the prize amount to be \u20ac100,000 (). All twelve episodes were released on 9 April; this is different from all other versions which released several episodes weekly. Reception. Joe Keller from \"Decider\", in a regular series called \"Stream It or Skip It\", told his audience to stream it. His reasons include that the format is still solid and the gist of the show is still fresh, despite four previous international seasons. However, he does comment that the cast is lacking in diversity, especially since this season aired after the \"sexually-fluid\" cast of the Brazilian version."}, {"text": "Shannon Jackson is the Cyrus and Michelle Hadidi Professor of Rhetoric and of Theater, Dance and Performance Studies at the University of California, Berkeley, Department Chair of History of Art, and former Associate Vice Chancellor of the Arts and Design. She also serves as Program Director of the Kramlich Collection and Kramlich Art Foundation. Career. Her main academic areas of interest are performance studies, 20th century art, critical theory, questions of artistic labor, interdisciplinary collaboration, history and theory of theater and performance art. Her most recent books are \"Back Stages: Essays on Art, Performance and Public Life\" as well as \"The Human Condition: Media Art from the Kramlich Collection\". Her publications include \"Lines of Activity: Performance, Historiography, Hull-House Domesticity\", published by Michigan University Press in 2001, \"Professing Performance: Theatre in the Academy from Philology to Performativity\", published by Cambridge University Press in 2004, \"Social Works: Performing Art, Supporting Publics\", published by Routledge in 2011. With Marianne Weems she co-authored \"The Builders Association: Media and Performance in Contemporary Theater\", published by MIT Press in 2015. Jackson has guest-edited an issue of the journal \"Art Practical\", \"Valuing Labor in the Arts,\" as well as an issue of \"Representations\", \"Time Zones: Durational Art"}, {"text": "and Its Contexts\" with Julia Bryan-Wilson. In 2014 Jackson was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. She was the recipient of the University of California, Berkeley Distinguished Service Award, Division of Arts and Humanities in 2011. Her other awards include the Lilla A. Heston Award for Outstanding Scholarship in Interpretation and Performance Studies in 2005, the ATHE Outstanding Book Award, and an Honorable Mention for the 2002 John Hope Franklin Prize of the American Studies Association. Jackson is a trustee and advisor of several organizations, including Oakland Museum of California, BAMPFA, the Headlands Center for the Arts, as well as a former Cultural Commissioner for the City of Berkeley. Early life. Shannon Jackson is the adopted daughter of Robert Jackson and Jacqueline Oliveri Jackson, alumni of the University of California, Berkeley who raised her in California, Minnesota, and Illinois. The Oliveri and Jackson families were early investors in California real estate, and Robert Jackson was a managing executive for Coldwell Banker. Shannon Jackson earned a bachelor's degree from Stanford University and a doctorate from Northwestern University. Jackson was married to Michael Korcuska (1990 to 2020) and has two grown children. She was an assistant professor at Harvard University from 1995 to 1998,"}, {"text": "before moving the University of California, Berkeley."}, {"text": "Paper-based biosensors are a subset of paper-based microfluidics used to detect the presence of pathogens in water. Paper-based detection devices have been touted for their low cost, portability and ease of use. Its portability in particular makes it a good candidate for point-of-care testing. However, there are also limitations to these assays, and scientists are continually working to improve accuracy, sensitivity, and ability to test for multiple contaminants at the same time. History. Paper has been used in analytical chemistry as far back as the 1800s, when litmus paper was first reported, and has since been used for techniques such as paper chromatography and lateral flow assays. However, it was only identified as a material for microfluidic assays in 2007, when patterned paper was proposed as a low-cost platform for bioassays. Varieties of paper-based biosensors. A number of paper-based biosensors have been developed, which use a variety of approaches. In general, pathogens are detected via colorimetric, electrochemical, fluorescent, and chemiluminescent detection, though there are other types of sensors as well. Several examples of paper-based biosensors are described below. For general bacterial detection. One device that has been described as being capable of detecting bacterial presence in water samples uses the"}, {"text": "common property of oligosaccharides and monosaccharides present on the surface of bacterial cells. It is an electrochemical device which uses hydrophobic paper that has been imbedded with carbon electrodes. Instead of using antibodies as the detectors, which are expensive, this device uses Concanavalin A (Con A), which is highly specific to the oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. The Con A is attached to the carbon electrodes, which are also equipped with carboxyl groups. The presence of bacteria triggers a series of electrochemical reactions, which are measured using a device called a potentiostat. This device is less sensitive than some others, with a detection limit of 1.9 \u00d7 103 CFU/mL. By comparison, some ELISAs range from 20 CFU/mL to 1 x 104 CFU/mL. For detecting \"E. coli\". Detection via bacteriophage. Multiple paper devices have been reported for the detection of \"E. coli\" specifically in water samples. One such device utilizes a recombinant version of the T4 bacteriophage which carries the gene for \u03b2-galactosidase. Water samples are filtered using membrane filters, then the filter papers are placed into the paper-based device which contains nutrient medium. They are then incubated for 4 hours at 37 \u00b0C. Next, the bacteriophage and the \u03b2-galactosidase indicator substrate are"}, {"text": "added to the sample. This causes the cells to lyse and release the \u03b2-galactosidase enzyme, which triggers the conversion of the substrate into a fluorescent product, indicative of the presence of the pathogen. Fluorescence is detected using a luminescence imaging device. The device was found to be highly specific to \"E. coli\", and was tested against the presence of \"Enterobacter cloacae\", \"Aeromonas hydrophila\", and \"Salmonella Typhimurium\". It has a detection limit of less than 10 CFU/mL, which is considered quite sensitive. Detection via blotting paper. Another device, called DipTest, has also been developed to detect \"E. coli\". It utilizes porous cellulose blotting paper. One end of the paper strip is coated in a hydrophobic material, while the other is coated with a chemoattractant - a substance which attracts cells based on their chemical properties. At the hydrophobic end, customized chemical reagents are imbedded in the paper in a reaction zone. The paper is dipped in the water sample, and if \"E. coli\" is present, it will be attracted to the chemoattractant at one end of the paper. The bacterial cells will then move up the paper via capillary action, and once it reaches the reaction zone, it reacts with the"}, {"text": "reagents to produce a pink to red color. For detecting \"Salmonella\". One paper-based biosensor that can be used to detect \"Salmonella\", as well as \"E. coli\", uses the nanomaterial graphene. These strips are a form of lateral flow assay, where the test line is composed of fluorescence antibody-labeled CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (Ab-QDs) as probes. After the sample has been applied, graphene oxide is added and it functions as the revealing agent. An energy transfer takes place between a donor molecule and an acceptor molecule. When no \"Salmonella\" is present, the Ab-QDs function as the donor, with graphene being the acceptor, and the fluorescence of the test line is quenched by this energy transfer. The presence of \"Salmonella\", on the other hand, allows for fluorescence because of the manner in which the bacterial cells bind to the Ab-QDs: the distance between the donor and acceptor is too large to allow for the energy transfer, and thus fluorescence is not quenched. The strips have a detection limit of 100 CFU/mL. Applications. Context. Annually, over 1.6 million people die as a result of pathogens from contaminated water. In the developing world, 2,200 children die per day from waterborne diseases. Per World Health Organization"}, {"text": "(WHO) standards, for water to be considered clean enough for drinking, bacteria should be undetectable in any 100 mL sample. The primary contaminants of water are pathogens, such as the bacteria \"Campylobacter, Clostridium, Salmonella, Staphylococcous, Anabaena, Microcystis,\" worms such as \"Schistosoma mansoni,\" and \"Taenia saginata,\" protozoans such as \"Entamoeba histolytica\" and \"Giardia duodenalis,\" and viruses and fungi such as enteroviruses and microsporidia. Outbreaks of waterborne diseases, such as cholera, have affected millions in the 19th and 20th centuries over the course of several pandemics, usually as a result of inadequate wastewater treatment systems and general sanitation. This is not a problem of decades past, however. As recently as 2015, it was found that 1.3 billion people are at risk for cholera annually, with 2.86 million annual cases and an estimated 95,000 deaths. Cholera is just one example of waterborne disease, however, and more broadly, 780 million people worldwide still lack access to clean drinking water. Benefits. Traditional methods for detecting contamination in water, though highly accurate and sensitive, pose a number of obstacles. They are often costly, require the operation of a trained technician, and are labor intensive. They can also be time consuming, for example, microbiological assays necessitate growing"}, {"text": "and isolating the pathogen from the sample, which can take several days or even weeks, in addition to preparing media. Paper-based biosensors address many of these problems. Specifically, paper as a material has several benefits. No external power is required, as the sample travels through the device via capillary action. Its fiber network structure allows for the storage of the necessary reagents in an active form. It is also cost-effective, has a high surface area to volume ratio, absorbs the sample efficiently, and is easily disposable by incineration. In general, settings with limited resources could benefit from low-cost, easy to use, on-site, and rapid testing of water samples. In addition, there is a need for home-care testing. Widespread distribution of adequate but low-cost diagnostic devices, such as paper-based biosensors, could potentially alleviate disease burden. Beyond that, it could also result in more accurate epidemiological case data which could improve disease models. Limitations. The most significant limitation of this technology is its sensitivity, in other words, its ability to detect very low levels of a contaminant in the sample. Some of the most sensitive ELISAs can detect contaminants at levels as low as 20 CFU/mL. In addition to improving accuracy -"}, {"text": "the correct identification of a particular pathogen - another challenge is developing biosensors which can readily distinguish between types of pathogens. Finally, the material of paper itself, while it offers many benefits, has some drawbacks, too. For example, there is a limit to how well paper devices can control the rate and direction of flow of the sample. This introduces limitations regarding the handling of complex chemical compounds or managing multistep assays, depending on the biosensor in question."}, {"text": "Elizabeth Glendower Evans (February 28, 1856 \u2013 December 12, 1937) was an American social reformer and suffragist. Life. Evans n\u00e9e Gardiner was born on February 28, 1856, in New Rochelle, New York. She inherited a significant amount of money when she turned 26 in 1882. The same year she married Glendower Evans who died four years later, in 1886. Evans traveled to England in 1908. There she became involved in understanding the issues of industrialized society including hazardous working conditions and unemployment. There she was introduced to socialism. When Evans returned to the United States she took up the cause of women's suffrage and the associated problems of tenements and factory work arising from disenfranchisement. Evans pursued social reform, serving in a variety of positions. She was a trustee of the Massachusetts State Reform Schools from 1886 through 1914. She was a member of the Women's Educational and Industrial Union of Boston as well as the Boston Women's Trade Union League, the Massachusetts Minimum Wage Commission, and the Massachusetts Consumers' League. In 1915 Evans served as a delegate to the International Congress of Women at the Hague. She was the first National Organizer of the Woman's Peace Party. From 1920"}, {"text": "until 1937 she served as a national director of the American Civil Liberties Union. Evans died on December 12, 1937, in Brookline, Massachusetts. Legacy. Evans papers are housed at the Schlesinger Library in Cambridge, Massachusetts."}, {"text": "The Kralingse Plas is a lake located in the suburb of Kralingen in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The water is mainly used for watersport, fishing and recreational activities. The Kralingse Plas was created due to peat extractions."}, {"text": "Jerry Glenn \"J. J.\" Jones (born June 7, 1978) is a former American football linebacker who played for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at University of Arkansas. Jones began his pro career in 2001 as an undrafted free agent in Dallas Cowboys training camp. On January 16, 2002, he signed with the New Orleans Saints. In 13 games, Jones had six tackles (five solo). On April 26, 2003, Jones left the Saints on an injury settlement. In 2004, Jones played in nine games with seven starts for the Scottish Claymores of NFL Europe. He had five tackles and a pass defended."}, {"text": "Komsomolsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Komsomolskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 882 as of 2010. There are 15 streets. Geography. Komsomolsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 9 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ruzheynikovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Korolevsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Novonikolayevskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 79 as of 2010. Geography. Korolevsky is located 12 km northwest of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gosplodopitomnik is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Jesse Ewart (born 31 July 1994) is an Australian-born Irish cyclist, who currently rides for In September 2024, Jesse was given a three year ban by the Union Cycliste Internationale. He tested positive for EPO. 4th Overall Tour de Filipinas 10th Overall Jelajah Malaysia 1st Young rider classification 3rd Overall Tour de Molvccas 8th Overall Tour de Flores 1st Overall Tour de Singkarak 1st Stage 3 2nd Overall Tour de Ijen 1st Stage 3 10th Overall Tour of Indonesia 1st Overall Tour de Singkarak 1st Stages 1 & 2 3rd Overall Tour de Ijen 4th Overall Tour of Indonesia 7th Overall Tour of Iran (Azerbaijan) 2nd Malaysian International Classic Race 4th Grand Prix Velo Alanya 6th Overall Herald Sun Tour 5th Road race, Australian National Road Championships 3rd Overall Tour du Rwanda 1st Stage 1 Tour of Sharjah"}, {"text": "Krasnoarmeysky () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Krasnoarmeyskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 958 as of 2010. There are 21 streets. Geography. Krasnoarmeysky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 51 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novoberezovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Krasnoluchensky () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Serpo-Molotskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 91 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Krasnoluchensky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 25 km southeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kulikovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Krasnostanovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Verkhnekardailskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010. Geography. Krasnostanovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the right bank of the Kardail River, 37 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nikolayevsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kuznetsovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Krasnoarmeyskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 33 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Kuznetsovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 61 km east of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Belorechensky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kulikovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Kulikovskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,166 as of 2010. There are 40 streets. Geography. Kulikovsky is located 21 km southeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yaryzhenskaya is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kupava () is a rural locality (a selo) in Mirnoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 182 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Kupava is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the bank of the Kupava River, 46 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Krasnoarmeysky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Lazorevsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Krasnoarmeyskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 77 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Lazorevsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 67 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Aleksandrovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Lashchenovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Komsomolskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. Geography. Lashchenovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 17 km southeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Komsomolsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Mirny () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Mirnoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 673 as of 2010. There are 15 streets. Geography. Mirny is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 49 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sapozhok is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Jan Klawiter (born 10 November 1950) is a Polish politician. Since 2015 he has been a member of the Sejm from the parliamentary constituency of Gdynia. He was also mayor of his hometown of Rumia for ten years. Personal life. Klawiter is of Kashubian descent. In 1973, he graduated from Gda\u0144sk University of Technology and received his PhD when he defended his doctoral dissertation in 1982, on the implementation of liquid chromatographs. In 1977, he married Urszula Wruk. In 1979 the couple had twins, although both died during birth. In 1983, their daughter Ma\u0142gorzata was born. Klawiter is a devout Roman Catholic and a member of the Knights of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. In his youth he was the president of the local chapter of Catholic Action. Political career. Klawiter served as mayor of his hometown of Rumia from 1992 to 2002. In 2006, he became a councilor of the Pomeranian Seym from the PiS list, and in 2010 a councilor of the Wejherowo poviat. On 15 December 2012, he was elected the chairman of the board of the Right of the Republic of Poland in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. In 2014 he ran as a candidate from the PiS"}, {"text": "list for the European Parliament, and later for the regional council. In 2015 he was elected to the Sejm. Klawiter is heavily against \"In vitro\" fertilisation and abortion due to his Catholic faith. While he esposes many views held by the far-right in Poland, other politicians have said that Klawiter is always polite in expressing his views. Nonetheless, Dorota W\u00f3jcik, president of the Polish chapter of the Freedom From Religion Foundation expressed discomfort of Klawiter's close connection to the Knights of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem and their leader Edwin Frederick O'Brien."}, {"text": "Mironovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Mirnoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 32 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Mironovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the bank of the Karavochka River, 53 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mirny is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Nizhnezubrilovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Mirnoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 130 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Nizhnezubrilovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the left bank of the Kardail River, 61 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Verkhnezubrilovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Chychyklia () is a river in Ukraine and a right tributary of the Southern Bug that flows through Odesa Oblast and Mykolaiv Oblast at the border between the Podolian Upland and Black Sea Lowland within the Ukrainian steppe. The river often dries away for up to six months. It is long and its basin area is ."}, {"text": "Nizhnekardailsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kulikovskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 91 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Nizhnekardailsky is located in forest steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the right bank of the Kardail River, 36 km southeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kikvidze is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Nikolayevsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Verkhnekardailskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 154 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Nikolayevsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the bank of the Kardail River, 38 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Verkhnekardailsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Novoberezovsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Krasnoarmeyskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 52 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Novoberezovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 60 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lazorevsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Novokardailsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Komsomolskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 266 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Novokardailsky is located in the steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the right bank of the Kardail River, 24 km east of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kleyevsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Orlovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Novonikolayevskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 234 as of 2010. There are 16 streets. Geography. Orlovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 7 km north of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novonikolayevsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Priovrazhny () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Khopyorskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 28 as of 2010. Geography. Priovrazhny is located 33 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novokardailsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Prutskovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Duplaytskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 148 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Prutskovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 25 km northwest of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kosarka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Louisiana's 28th State Senate district is one of 39 districts in the Louisiana State Senate. It has been represented by Republican Heather Cloud since 2020, succeeding term-limited Democrat Eric LaFleur. Geography. District 28 covers all of Allen and Evangeline Parishes and parts of Acadia, Avoyelles, and St. Landry Parishes, including some or all of Kinder, Oakdale, Ville Platte, Mamou, Eunice, Bunkie, Cottonport, Marksville, and Simmesport. The district overlaps with Louisiana's 3rd, 4th, and 5th congressional districts, and with the 28th, 32nd, 38th, 40th, and 41st districts of the Louisiana House of Representatives. Recent election results. Louisiana uses a jungle primary system. If no candidate receives 50% in the first round of voting, when all candidates appear on the same ballot regardless of party, the top-two finishers advance to a runoff election."}, {"text": "Ruzheynikovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Komsomolskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 133 as of 2010. Geography. Ruzheynikovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, near the Ruzheynikov Pond, 8 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Komsomolsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sapozhok () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Mirnoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 66 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Sapozhok is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 54 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mirny is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Serp i Molot () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Serpo-Molotskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 875 as of 2010. There are 13 streets. Geography. Serp i Molot is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plai, 24 km southeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kulikovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Skvorsovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Dvoynovskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 62 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Skvorsovsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 19 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dvoynovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Stepnoy () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Khopyorskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 84 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Stepnoy is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 50 km east of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Khopyorsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Fominsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Novonikolayevskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 152 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Fominsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 10 km northwest of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Korolevsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Khopyorskyv () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Khopyorskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 394 as of 2010. There are 17 streets. Geography. Khopyorsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 39 km east of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Priovrazhny is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Chigari () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Khopyorskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 304 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Chigari is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 21 km northeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novokardailsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Chulinsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Novonikolayevskoye Rural Settlement, Novonikolayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 55 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Chulinsky is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 8 km southeast of Novonikolayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novonikolayevsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Barom Reachea may refer to:"}, {"text": "Spencer Crew (born 1949) is an American professor, museum director, curator and writer. Education. Crew received a PhD degree from Rutgers University in 1979. In 2003, he was named to the Rutgers Hall of Distinguished Alumni. Career. Crew's career in museums began in 1981 when he was hired to work as a historian at the National Museum of American History (NMAH). In 1986, he curated his first exhibition at the museum, \"Field to Factory: African-American Migration, 1915\u20131940\". He became the first African-American director of the NMAH in 1994. In 2001, he became the director of the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center. In 2019, Crew was appointed the interim director of the National Museum of African American History and Culture. Crew is the Clarence J. Robinson Professor of U.S. history at George Mason University."}, {"text": "Moosomin 112B is an Indian reserve of the Moosomin First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about north of North Battleford. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 724 living in 183 of its 195 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 48 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Moosomin 112G is an Indian reserve of the Moosomin First Nation in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is about west of Spiritwood."}, {"text": "Moosomin 112H is an Indian reserve of the Moosomin First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about west of Spiritwood."}, {"text": "Moosomin 112J is an Indian reserve of the Moosomin First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about south-west of Spiritwood."}, {"text": "Quraysh Ali Lansana (born Ron Myles September 13, 1964, Enid, Oklahoma) is an American poet, book editor, civil rights historian, and professor. He has authored 20 books in poetry, nonfiction and children\u2019s literature. In 2022, he was a Tulsa Artist Fellow and Director of the Center for Truth, Racial Healing & Transformation at Oklahoma State University-Tulsa, where he was also Lecturer in Africana Studies and English. Lansana is also credited as creator and executive producer of \"Focus: Black Oklahoma,\" a monthly radio program on the public radio station KOSU. Early life and education. Born Ron Myles in Enid, Oklahoma, on September 13, 1964, he graduated Enid High School in 1982. Prior to focusing on poetry, in the 1980s he studied broadcast journalism at the University of Oklahoma and worked as an assignment editor at KWTV. After spending a year living in Medicine Park, Oklahoma, Lansana decided to move to Chicago in 1988. There he worked as an editor for Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, and founded Nappyhead Press. Lansana grew up in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, but changed his name to Quraysh Ali after converting to Islam in 1993, and adopted the last name Lansana upon marriage to now ex-wife Emily Hooper in"}, {"text": "1996. He practiced Islam until 1999, later also turning to African faiths such as Yoruba and attending Trinity United Church of Christ in Chicago. He returned to school in 1996, earning his B.A. in African American Studies at Chicago State University where Gwendolyn Brooks was his mentor. Lansana holds an M.F.A. in creative writing from New York University. Teaching career. Lansana has taught at the Juilliard School, the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, Oklahoma City University, and was the director of the Gwendolyn Brooks Center for Black Literature and Creative Writing at Chicago State University. He currently works as the acting director for the Center for Truth, Racial Healing and Transformation, Writer in Residence for the Center for Poets & Writers, and as a professor of Africana Studies and English at Oklahoma State University-Tulsa. Historical research. As a historian Lansana has extensively researched the 1921 Tulsa race massacre. For the centennial of the tragedy, he helped create an exhibit at Tulsa's Philbrook Museum of Art, taught workshops at OSU-Tulsa, worked with the History Channel, WYNC Studios, and KOSU to create \"Blindspot: Tulsa Burning\" podcast, and hosted the documentary \"Tulsa Race Massacre: 100 Years Later\" which broadcast on OETA."}, {"text": "Lansana also wrote a children's book about the Greenwood District with Najah-Amatullah Hylton and illustrator Skip Hill entitled \"Opal\u2019s Greenwood Oasis\". Awards. In 1999 he won the Wallace W. Douglas Distinguished Service Award and the Henry Blakely Award, was nominated for the NAACP Image Award in 2012, and was named the Chicago Black Book Fair's Poet of the Year in 2000. He also received a Tulsa Artist Fellowship to create a radio program entitled \"Focus: Black Oklahoma\" for NPR affiliate KWGS."}, {"text": "Moosomin 112L is an Indian reserve of the Moosomin First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about northwest of Blaine Lake."}, {"text": "Moosomin 112P is an Indian reserve of the Moosomin First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about north of Hafford."}, {"text": "Morin Lake 217 () is an Indian reserve of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band in Saskatchewan. It is about east of Lac la Ronge. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 577 living in 135 of its 155 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 45 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Mosquito 109 is an Indian reserve of the Mosquito, Grizzly Bear's Head, Lean Man First Nations in Saskatchewan. It is about south of North Battleford. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 478 living in 107 of its 113 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 42 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Aksay () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Aksayskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,559 as of 2010. There are 19 streets. Geography. Aksay is located in steppe, in the valley of the Aksay Yesaulovsky River, 32 km east of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shelestovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Antonov () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Antonovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,654 as of 2010. There are 34 streets. Geography. Antonov is located in Yergeny, on the Aksay Yesaulovsky River, 4 km northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Oktyabrsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Mosquito, Grizzly Bear's Head, Lean Man TLE 1 is an Indian reserve of the Mosquito, Grizzly Bear's Head, Lean Man First Nations in Saskatchewan."}, {"text": "Vasilyevka () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Vasilyevskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 411 as of 2010. There are 11 streets. Geography. The village is located on Yergeni, on the Myshkova River, 190 km from Volgograd, 34 km from Oktyabrsky."}, {"text": "Muscowpetung 80 is an Indian reserve of the Muscowpetung First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is west of Fort Qu'Appelle along the south-west shore of Pasqua Lake, which is one of four Fishing Lakes. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 275 living in 87 of its 112 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 54 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community. Lake Muscowpetung, which is a small lake on the Muscowpetung Indian Reserve along the Qu'Appelle River, is sometimes referred to as one of the Fishing Lakes. It is located just west of Pasqua Lake."}, {"text": "Muskeg Lake 102 is an Indian reserve of the Muskeg Lake Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about north of Saskatoon. In the 2016 Canadian Census, a population of 274 living in 104 of its 112 total private dwellings was recorded. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 57 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community."}, {"text": "Verkhnekumsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Sovetskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 190 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Verkhnekumsky is located in steppe, on Yergeni, 29 km northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sovetsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Verkhnerubezhny () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Ilmenskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 243 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Verkhnerubezhny is located on Yergeni, 67 km northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ilmen-Suvorovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Packard Twelve was a range of V12-engined luxury automobiles built by the Packard Motor Car Company in Detroit, Michigan. The car was built from model year 1916 until 1923, then it returned 1933 until 1939. As a sign of changing times, the majority of second generation Packard Twelves received standard bodywork, with custom bodywork gradually losing favor. Many of the custom cars were actually only \"semi-customs\", with Dietrich assembling Packard-made bodies with special touches. History. Packard introduced the Twin Six to stay competitive with Marmon, Pierce-Arrow, Rolls-Royce, Renault and other luxury brands. Cadillac and Lincoln began offering large luxury products starting in the late 1910s. Large displacement engines provided the horsepower and torque their clients wanted and due to the low quality of gasoline fuel at the time, and low compression ratios, 50 bhp was more than adequate. It is estimated that the rating equivalent of early gasoline available varied from 40 to 60 octane and that the \"High-Test\", sometimes referred to as \"fighting grade\", probably averaged 50 to 65 octane. First generation. The first company produced 12-cylinder engine was in 1916, called the Packard Twin Six (1-25, 1-35) signifying two different wheelbases of and , and was for"}, {"text": "four years the only product sold until the Single Six returned in 1921. The standard paint scheme for open cars, touring sedans, phaetons, and runabouts was Packard blue with cream yellow striping on body and door panels, with black used on the underbody, radiator, fenders, chassis and running gear with no striping. Wheels were painted cream yellow with black stripes. Closed body choices were painted similar without cream yellow painted wheels. Brightwork was nickel plated, and a Warner speedometer, with a Waltham clock, among other items, were standard equipment. Optionally, the choice of interior and exterior colors were endless to accommodate the customers preferences. Ten different body styles were available on either wheelbase while coupe and runabout body styles were only offered on the 125\" wheelbase. The engine was a 60 degree L-head displacing producing at 2600 rpm. Detachable heads and larger radiators came in 1916, a center-mounted gear shifter and brake levers in 1917. The range consisted of three series, built from May 1915 until June 1923. It was available with a shorter wheelbase from 1915 until May 1919. From 1915 to 1920, the Twin Six was the sole offering from Packard. Production was 30,941 automobiles. Prices started at"}, {"text": "US$3,050 ($ in dollars ) to US$5,150 ($ in dollars ) for the Imperial Limousine. The 1919 Third Series Twin Six 3-25 Runabout was used as the pace car for the 1919 Indianapolis 500 auto race. Packard Twin Six 1-25; wheelbase 125 in. Engine without detachable cylinder head Packard Twin Six 1-35; wheelbase 135 in. Engine without detachable cylinder head Packard Twin Six 2-25; wheelbase 126\u00bd in. Engine with detachable cylinder head Packard Twin Six 2-35; wheelbase 136 in. Engine with detachable cylinder head Packard Twin Six 3-25; wheelbase 126\u00bd in. tapered hood, straight body, center shift and brake levers Packard Twin Six 3-35; wheelbase 136 in. tapered hood, straight body, center shift and brake levers Second generation. For 1933 Packard reintroduced a twelve-cylinder engine, initially called the \"Twin Six\", then changing the name to \"Packard Twelve,\" to align it with the rest of the Packard lineup. This was the 10th Series and two models were on offer: the 1005 and the 1006 had wheelbases of and . The Twin Six' double drop frame was replaced by a tapered design. Convertibles and roadsters used leftover ninth series bodies with a smaller radiator than the all-new tenth series models. The Twin"}, {"text": "Six' V12-engine was retained without major change. The cylinder blocks are at a 67-degree angle, bore and stroke respectively. A displacement was the result and maximum power is at 3200 rpm. The cooling system was improved and a new Bendix-Stromberg EE-3 carburetor with an automatic choke was introduced, increasing power somewhat. A single dry-plate clutch replaced the earlier twin-plate model, matched to a floor-shifted three-speed manual transmission and a new one-piece driveshaft. The existing mechanical brakes were also adopted for the Twelve. The shorter wheelbase (Model 1005) was available with at least ten different styles of bodywork, ranging from the two-seat Coupe Roadster to the five-seat Formal Sedan. Standard bodyworks for the long wheelbase Model 1006 were Sedan and Sedan Limousine (both either five- or seven-seaters), with a host of custom bodyworks also on offer. These were mainly by Dietrich and LeBaron. The Super Eight long wheelbase chassis was no longer available, restricting custom bodyworks to the new Twelve. Year-to-year changes. In 1934 the 11th series model was introduced, adding a shorter third version on the chassis of the Super Eight. An \"Aero Sport Coupe\" bodied in-house and a LeBaron-bodied \"Runabout Speedster\" were available on this wheelbase; only around ten"}, {"text": "of these two types were made. The appearance of the dramatic, almond-shaped Aero Sport Coupe was guided by Packard stylist Ed Macauley although the actual design work was done by Count Alexis de Sakhnoffsky in his stint as a consultant at Packard. Only four Sport Coupes were built. This was the last car to be \"Custom Made by Packard.\" The Model codes were 1106 (short), 1107 (middle), and 1108 (long). 960 Packard Twelves were built in 1934. This was also the first year that a radio was a factory option. For the 12th Series of 1935, the engine gained aluminum heads and was stroked by a quarter inch, bringing up the displacement to . Power was at 3200 rpm and a high compression version with was also available. The gearbox was now fully synchronized and both the mechanical brakes and the clutch received vacuum assist. The new wheelbases on offer were , , and . The 14th Series of 1936 was largely unchanged from the 12th (there was no 13th Series). The only differences were a radiator angled by five more degrees, the oil temperature regulator was redesigned, and the shortest wheelbase model was discontinued. Model year 1937 brought hydraulic"}, {"text": "brakes for the 15th Series Twelve; these had already been available for two years on the Packard One Twenty. Suicide doors were changed to conventional, front-hinged ones. With 1300 built, 1937 was the Twelve's most successful year, and Dietrich offered six custom coachwork options. 1938's 16th Series brought yet shorter wheelbases: , , and . The shortest Model 1606 used the Super Eight chassis but was not included in Packard's brochures and it is unsure if any were built. Only 566 16th Series Twelves were built, followed by 446 17th Series. The fenders were of a heavier design than on previous years' models, while a column shift became and option alongside the center mounted shifter. This shape remained in use for 1939's 17th Series, the last of the Packard Twelves. 5262 examples were built in total, with the top sedan as the All Weather Cabriolet by Brunn & Company for US$8,510 ($ in dollars ). For 1940 Packard's top model was the Packard Custom Super Eight. In October 1935, American President Franklin D. Roosevelt gave Joseph Stalin an armoured Packard Twelve, which became the dictator's favourite automotive vehicle for many years."}, {"text": "Vodino () is a rural locality (a selo) in Shelestovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 147 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Vodino is located in steppe, on Yergeni, 42 km northeast of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shelestovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vodyansky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Zalivskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 248 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Vodyansky is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the left bank of the Aksay Yesaulovsky River, 20 km west of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zalivsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Goncharovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Shelestovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 246 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Goncharovka is located on the Aksay Yesaulovsky River, 42 km northeast of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shelestovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Birth Sign is the debut album by the American jazz guitarist George Freeman recorded in 1969 and released by the Delmark label. Reception. Allmusic reviewer Michael G. Nastos stated \"Chicago electric guitarist George Freeman was a quintessential sideman ... This is his debut recording, done in the height of the soul-jazz era circa 1969 ... At times Freeman's sound traces to no single individual source, though it is steeped in Chi-Town blues and a progressive stance ... Too bad the world never really heard enough of George Freeman, and although this is a small taste, it is a more than adequate amuse-bouche\". Track listing. All compositions by George Freeman except where noted"}, {"text": "Ali Hidayat oghlu Asadov (; born 30 November 1956) is an Azerbaijani politician serving as the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan following his appointment to the post on 8 October 2019 by president Ilham Aliyev. Early life. Ali Asadov was born on 30 November 1956 in Baku. In 1974 he graduated from secondary school No.134 in Baku, and entered the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics in Moscow, from which he graduated in 1978. He served in the Soviet Army from 1978 to 1980. In 1980, he began working as a chief laboratory assistant at the Institute of Economics of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR. Asadov continued his education at the Institute of Economics of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow between 1981 and 1984, where he got his post-graduate diploma in Economics. In 1989\u20131995, Ali Asadov worked as an associate Professor and head of the department at the Baku Institute of Social Management and Political Science. Career. In the first Azerbaijan parliamentary election held on 12 November 1995, Ali Asadov was elected an MP by proportional representation for the term of 1995\u20132000, representing the New Azerbaijan Party. On 17 April 1998, he was appointed assistant of the"}, {"text": "Azerbaijani President for economic affairs. According to the decree of the President Ilham Aliyev dated 30 November 2012, Asadov was appointed as the deputy head of the Presidential Administration; in 2017, he was appointed an assistant of the President of Azerbaijan for economic affairs. Asadov has been considered a close ally of President Aliyev. In October 2019, following Novruz Mammadov's resignation, he was elected Prime Minister by a vote of 105 to 0. He heads the 8th Government of Azerbaijan."}, {"text": "Sir Alan Buxhull K.G. ( \u2013 2 November 1381) was an English soldier and nobleman. Biography. Alan Buxhull was the only son of Sir Alan Buxhull, lord of Buxhull in Sussex and tenant-in-chief of Bryanston in Dorset; and of his wife Maud. His father died in 1325, when the younger Alan was only 2 years old. Buxhull served as Constable of the Tower of London from 1366 until his death. He was chamberlain of the Royal household from around 1369 to 1370 and a knight of the chamber. He was a deputy in Robert Knolles's army during the Hundred Years War, although there is evidence to suggest that this was a shared command. He took command of the fortified abbey of St Maur in 1370 and fought in the Battle of Pontvallain the same year. He was sufficiently important among Knolles's captains that the historian Jonathan Sumption has suggested that Buxhill's departure was the spark that led to the disintegration of Knolles's army. He was later placed in command of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte in Normandy, where he later claimed to have expended a large sum\u2014more than he could account for\u2014on paying ransoms of English prisoners. He subsequently complained that he had to"}, {"text": "spend over 3,000 francs on \"the payment of the ransoms of several bankrupt prisoners who had been captured by the French on different occasions\". He was created a Knight of the Garter in 1372. He took part in the naval expedition to France in 1374. Buxhull was described by the chronicler Jean Froissart as a \"right valiant Knight\" and an \"uncommonly able man\". King Edward III became ill in his later years, and the historian G. L. Harriss has argued that it was men such as Buxhull\u2014of the household and physically close to the King\u2014who \"manipulated his authority\" by regulating who was allowed to see him, and thus controlled the royal patronage. Death and burial. Buxhull died on 2 November 1381, and was buried in the retroquire of St Paul's Cathedral, close to the shrine of St Erkenwald. His grave was marked by a monumental brass. His choice of burial place may have been influenced by its proximity to the intended tomb of John of Gaunt (d.1399) and his first wife, Blanche of Lancaster (d.1368). Marriage and issue. Buxhull married firstly a woman with the surname of Bigwood. They are known to had the following issue: His second marriage was"}, {"text": "to Maud Francis, widow of John Aubrey, and daughter of Adam Francis and Agnes Chaumpneys. Maud was said to be the richest woman in England. A son Alan was born posthumously in 1382 and would later grow up to be knighted in turn. After her husband's death, Maud became the wife of John Montagu, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, and the foster mother of the future Henry V. The younger Sir Alan therefore became half brother to Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury, who he fought alongside at the Battle of Verneuil."}, {"text": "Sudanese Revolution may refer to:"}, {"text": "Tania Marjorie Bubela is a professor and dean in the Faculty of Health Sciences at Simon Fraser University. Education. Born and raised in Australia, Bubela earned her bachelor's degree in 1988 from the Australian National University and her PhD from the University of Sydney. Career. In 1995, Bubela moved to Canada to teach in the Department of Zoology at the University of Toronto. She later moved to Alberta in 1999 to attend the University of Alberta as a grad student. After earning her law degree, Bubela clerked for Louise Arbour at the Supreme Court of Canada. After passing the Law Society of Alberta, Bubela earned a position with the University of Alberta School of Business and later in their School of Public Health. Beginning in 2008, Bubela became a Principal Investigator with the Canadian Stem Cell Network. She later collaborated with Christopher McCabe to co-lead the PACEOMICS program on the development of cost-effective personalized medicine. In 2012, Bubela co-edited \"Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge: Case Studies and Conflicting Interests\" with E. Richard Gold, which was published through the Cambridge University Press. In 2014, Bubela was promoted to Full Professor and named Associate Dean of Research. She held this position for"}, {"text": "two years before Kim Raine replaced her. During the 2014\u201315 academic year, Bubela was the recipient of a McCalla Professorship, an award given to \"outstanding academics who have made significant contributions to their field of research, teaching and learning.\" The next year, Bubela was appointed to the inaugural Steering Committee by the Council of Canadian Academies and sat on the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Peer Review Committee. In 2017, Bubela was named Dean of Health Sciences at Simon Fraser University (SFU). While at SFU, Bubela helped establish the Indigenous Pathways Planning Group. She was also elected a member of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences in 2018. In 2019, Bubela was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. On March 5, 2019, Bubela was elected a member of the Board of Directors for the Institute for Health System Transformation and Sustainability. During the 2019\u201320 academic year, Bubela sat on the 2019\u20132020 Clinical Trials BC Advisory Council. Selected publications. The following is a list of selected publications:"}, {"text": "Robert C. Winchester is an American politician from Illinois. An active member of the Republican Party, he served as a Republican member of the Illinois House of Representatives from 1975 until 1985. Early life. Winchester was born April 21, 1945, in Paducah, Kentucky. He was raised in Johnson and Pulaski counties in downstate Illinois. When he was 11, his father died in what was ruled a suicide, though later research by Maureen Hughes has indicated it could have been a murder. He graduated from Southern Illinois University Carbondale. He then took jobs with the Illinois Department of Corrections and Illinois Department of Procurement. Illinois House of Representatives. He was first elected to the Illinois House of Representatives in 1974. In 1984, Winchester ran for the Illinois Senate, but lost to Democratic candidate Glenn Poshard. Post-legislative career. In 1988, Winchester ran for his old seat against Democratic incumbent David D. Phelps and lost. In 1989, Winchester was appointed the head of the Office of Resource Marketing and Education in the Illinois Department of Conservation with responsibilities for special events and marketing. In 1999, George Ryan hired Winchester to serve as his Deputy Chief of Staff overseeing the newly created \"Office of"}, {"text": "Southern Illinois\". In the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries, Winchester ran to be elected as a delegate to the 2016 Republican National Convention pledged to the presidential campaign of Florida Senator Marco Rubio."}, {"text": "Kaiit ( ) is the performance name of Kaiit Bellamia Waup (born 29 October 1997, Papua New Guinea), who is a neo soul singer-songwriter based in Australia. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2019, they won the inaugural Best Soul/R&B Release category for the single, \"Miss Shiney\" (2019). Biography. Kaiit was born as Kaiit Bellamia Waup, in 1997 in Papua New Guinea (PNG) to a Papua New Guinean father and Indigenous Australian mother of Gunditjmara and Torres Strait Islander heritage. The artist grew up in both PNG and Australia. Initially pursuing a career as a make-up artist, Kaiit turned to performing as a singer based in Melbourne. Kaiit's first single, \"Natural Woman\", was issued in mid-2017. It is co-written by Kaiit with Michael Chan, Jack Hewitt, Michael Cooper and Mohamed Komba. Sonny Thomas of \"Purple Sneakers\" praised the song, \"Jam-packed with soul and seemingly effortless cool, she shines on her new single and film clip.\" It is included on their five-track debut extended play, \"Live from Her Room\", which was issued in September 2018. Gloria Brancatisano of \"Beat\" rated it at 8.5 out-of 10, \"Kaiit paints a picture of a woman who understands her worth, appreciating those who come into"}, {"text": "her life to improve it while carefully removing those who are toxic.\" Another single, \"OG Luv Kush Pt 2\", from the EP had been issued in 2018, which is \"an essay of reasons to leave a relationship and in spite of the listed problems, Kaiit shows her strength in character.\" The track was shared on social media by American singer, Jill Scott. At the APRA Music Awards of 2019 \"OG Luv Kush Pt 2\" was short-listed for Song of the Year. In that year the singer-songwriter undertook a European tour including a performance at England's The Great Escape Festival. In May 2019 the single, \"Miss Shiney\", was released. It won the inaugural Best Soul/R&B Release category at the ARIA Music Awards of 2019. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, the artist turned to crowdfunding to maintain their independence from major record labels. In August 2021 they launched a GoFundMe page to \"recover [her] independence as an artist\" and continue releasing new music. They performed new material in February 2023 at Nocturnal x Midsumma held at Melbourne Museum. In March 2024 the singer supported Zambian-born Sampa the Great at Supreme Court Gardens, Melbourne. Kaiit performed new songs, \"2000 n Somethin'\""}, {"text": "and \"Dumb Sis Juice\", by \"Combining fluid jazz sounds with wavy, celestial vocals, Kaiit delivered a quirky, intimate performance that left listeners feeling giddy and euphoric.\" Kaiit's debut studio album \"And Off She Goes\" is scheduled for released in May 2025. Personal life. Kaiit is non-binary, and uses \"she/her\", \"he/him\", and \"they/them\" pronouns. Her partner in life is fellow singer Adrian Eagle, who was also nominated for Best Soul/R&B Release in 2019 for his single \"AOK\". Awards and nominations. APRA Awards. The APRA Awards are presented annually from 1982 by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA), \"honouring composers and songwriters\". ARIA Music Awards. The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. Music Victoria Awards. The Music Victoria Awards, are an annual awards night celebrating Victorian music. They commenced in 2005. ! Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition. The Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition is an annual competition that \"acknowledges great songwriting whilst supporting and raising money for Nordoff-Robbins\" and is coordinated by Albert Music and APRA AMCOS. It commenced in 2009."}, {"text": "Michigan's 40th House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 40th House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in part of Kalamazoo County. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one."}, {"text": "Charlie Collins (born Charlene Joyce Bailey; ) is an Australian singer and songwriter. With her siblings she first played in the bands The Baileys and Chasing Bailey. From 2011 until 2017 she played in Tigertown, with her then husband Chris Collins and two of each of their siblings. For her solo debut album, \"Snowpine\", she was nominated for the 2019 ARIA Award for Best Country Album. Her second studio album, \"Undone\", was released in April 2022. Early life and education. Charlene Joyce Bailey was born on in Sydney to an Indian family. She then moved to Tamworth and grew up on a nearby farm with her older siblings, Kurt and Crystal, who are also musicians. Career. 2001: The Baileys. The three siblings formed a group, the Baileys, in Tamworth in 2001 with Collins on lead vocals and guitar, Kurt on drums and Crystal on vocals and mandolin. They were later joined by Daniel Conway on lead guitar and vocals and Lindsay Dallas on bass guitar, producing a sound described as \"embrac[ing] country, pop, rock and white-eyed soul\". 2008-2010: Chasing Bailey. By July 2008 the band renamed themselves as Chasing Bailey, described in \"The Sydney Morning Herald\" as a \"five-piece pop"}, {"text": "rock band\". In August of that year the group released their debut album, \"Long Story Short\", through EMI. Collins described their music, \"We don't want to pigeonhole ourselves at this point and it's not because we don't like country or don't like pop\". 2011-2017: Tigertown. From 2011 to 2017 Collins was a member of the Sydney pop band Tigertown, with her husband, Chris Collins, on lead guitar and his siblings, Elodie on bass guitar and Alexi on keyboards. Collins' siblings Crystal and Kurt were early members. The band released six extended plays, starting with \"Tigertown\" in 2011 and ending with \"Warriors\" in 2017. Collins has known the members of Gang of Youths since they were teenagers, and they played as the support act for her first national tour with the band. 2018-present: solo. In July 2018, Collins released her debut solo single, \"Wish You Were Here\". On 31 May 2019, Collins released her debut solo album, \"Snowpine\". The album was recorded at the Snowpine Lodge in Dalgety. Also appearing on the album were Chris Collins (guitar) and George Georgiadis (drums). Her next single was \"Mexico\", leading to a national tour with Gang of Youths and attracting many fans, including Courtney"}, {"text": "Barnett and Amy Shark. She also played support for English musician Sam Fender and US-based South African-born country singer Orville Peck. In November 2019 she released the track \"I Don't Want to Be in a Rock Band\", which was written while touring with Gang of Youths. Kevin Rutherford wrote in \"Billboard\" that it \"continues the breezy, country-tinged sound of Snowpine, flecked with harmonica and rootsy electric guitar\". The accompanying video, directed by Mickey Mason, features Collins and her band in various locations in Sydney. She was set to follow this with a national tour in early 2020. In 2021, Collins released \"Fuck It\", the lead single from her forthcoming album. Her second studio album, \"Undone\", half of which was recorded at The Grove Studios, was released on Island Records in April 2022. Its style was described in \"The Music\" as \"rhythmic '80s rock, contempo soul balladry, and slick power-pop \u2013 rivalling Taylor Swift\". She said that the title reflected the theme of the album: \"all about letting go and exposing the truths behind the pain\". She wrote one song, \"November\", on piano, on the 1st wedding anniversary after separating from her husband. She did not want to include it on"}, {"text": "the album, but was encouraged to do so by Gang Of Youths guitarist Joji Malani. She co-wrote some of the songs on the album with Gab Strum (aka \"Japanese Wallpaper\"), Xavier Dunn, and Jarryd James. In February\u2013March 2022 Collins travelled to Europe, spending time with her friends in Gang of Youths, whom she has known since they were young, in London. She performed as their support act at the Brixton Academy, (where one reviewer called her vocals \"ethereal, country-infused\"); the Albert Hall in Manchester; and another venue. A bout of COVID-19 prevented her playing the full tour. Later that year she did a national \"Undone\" tour in Australia. She performed at Splendour in the Grass in July 2022, and as a support act for Conan Gray in November 2022. Personal life. Collins married Chris Collins, but the marriage ended and they divorced around 2019\u20132020. Recognition and awards. In January 2019 \"The Music\" named Collins as an act to watch. AIR Awards. The Australian Independent Record Awards (commonly known informally as AIR Awards) is an annual awards night to recognise, promote and celebrate the success of Australia's Independent Music sector. ARIA Music Awards. The ARIA Music Awards are a set of"}, {"text": "annual ceremonies presented by Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), which recognise excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of the music of Australia. They commenced in 1987. !"}, {"text": "Gail Petska is an American former professional rodeo cowgirl who specialized in barrel racing. She was a two-time barrel racing world champion. In December 1972 and 1973, she won the championship at the National Finals Rodeo (NFR) at the State Fair Arena in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Life. Gail Petska married Paul Petska, a professional team roper. Paul qualified for the NFR four times. They had three children. When their son Cory grew up, he became a world champion heeler in team roping. Cory also married to four-time world champion barrel racer Sherry Cervi. Sherry qualified for the NFR 19 times. She became winner of the most money in the event with $3.5 million. Career. Petska competed in the Girls' Rodeo Association (GRA). In 1973, she earned $19,448 by competing in bull riding, calf roping, barrel racing, and goat tying in the GRA. She was living in Tecumseh, Oklahoma, at the time. Petska won the barrel racing world championship twice on a small horse she named Dobie. Her GRA world championships are now recognized by the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association and the Women's Professional Rodeo Association. When Petska won the world championship in 1972, at the State Fair Arena in Oklahoma"}, {"text": "City, Oklahoma, she won seven of the ten go-rounds. Then she won again in 1973. She had a strong lead in 1974, but got the news that another Petska was on the way. No third title for Gail. Petska won the NFR Average Championship in 1972. Petska won the barrel racing event at Cheyenne Frontier Days in Cheyenne, Wyoming, twice, in 1972 and in 1973. She also won the NFR Average in 1972. Petska won 13 consecutive go-rounds in the NFR, which is still a record. She still holds the record for the most rounds won at the NFR in the barrel racing event in one year with 7 rounds. Petska won the barrel racing event at RodeoHouston in Houston, Texas, twice, once in 1974 and once in 1976."}, {"text": "The Ellsworth J. Beggs House, at 703 Park Ave. in Park City, Utah, was built or moved to the site around 1907. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It has also been known as High West Distillery. It is Queen Anne and eclectic in style. It was deemed \"architecturally significant as one of about four extant two story box houses in Park City, three of which are well preserved and included in this nomination. The two story box is closely tied with the pyramid house, one of three major house types in Park City. Like the pyramid house, it has a square or nearly square form, a pyramid or truncated hip roof, and a porch spanning the facade. It varies in size from the pyramid house, being a full two stories, as compared with the one or one and one half stories of the pyramid house. The two story box was not common in Park city, but judging from the range of extant buildings in Park City, it seems to have been the preferred design choice for a sizeable Park City house.\""}, {"text": "Clowns are an Australian punk rock band from Melbourne, Victoria, formed in 2009. The band have released five studio albums to date: \"I'm Not Right\" (2013), \"Bad Blood\" (2015), \"Lucid Again\" (2017), \"Nature / Nurture\" (2019) and \"Endless\" (2023). \"Nature/Nurture\" saw them nominated for the 2019 ARIA Award for Best Hard Rock or Heavy Metal Album."}, {"text": "The Apostolic Nunciature to Sudan is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Sudan. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The Apostolic Nunciature to Sudan was established in 1972. It had previously been overseen by a variety of delegations with regional authority, the last of which were the Delegation to Eastern Africa erected in 1960 and the Delegation to the Red Sea Region. The Apostolic Nuncio to Sudan is usually also the Apostolic Nuncio to Eritrea upon his appointment to said nation."}, {"text": "Fay\u00e7al Azizi (; born 26 February 1986 in Tetuan) is a Moroccan actor and singer-songwriter. He's known for his song \"\"Werda ala Werda\" in the 2006 film \"The Bitter Orange\", his songs with the band K'lma, and his 2015 cover of the Judeo-Moroccan folk song \"Hak A Mama\".\" Life. Fay\u00e7al Azizi started as a stage comedian after gaining admission to the Superior School of Dramatic Arts and Cultural Entertainment in Rabat. He created the music group K'lma in 2004, then joined the troupe Dabateatr in 2007, performing in several theater pieces such as \"Il/Houwa\" and Driss Ksikes's\"180 degr\u00e9s\". He also appeared as Habib in the series Kaboul Kitchen broadcast on the French TV channel Canal+."}, {"text": "Great Coharie Creek is a long 5th order tributary to the Black River in Sampson County, North Carolina. Variant names. According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as: Course. Great Coharie Creek rises on the Sevenmile Creek divide in northern Sampson County and then flows south to form the Black River with Six Runs Creek (Six Run Creek) about 3 miles southeast of Ingold. Watershed. Great Coharie Creek drains of area, receives about 49.0 in/year of precipitation, has a topographic wetness index of 571.73 and is about 14% forested."}, {"text": "Screen & Radio Weekly was a nationally syndicated Sunday tabloid-newspaper-supplement published by the \"Detroit Free Press\" from 1934 to 1940 that covered film, radio, and fashion \u2013 and included a short story. History. The concept for the publication has been attributed to Dougles DeVeny Martin (1885\u20131963), one of five 1932 Pulitzer Prize winning journalists from the \"Detroit Free Press,\" who, in April 1934, proposed \u2013 to Malcolm Wallace Bingay (1884\u20131953), managing editor \u2013 publishing a weekly tabloid supplement in full color, 16 pages covering cinema and radio entertainment \"to interest adult-minded readers, with no salacious gossip and a bare minimum of press-agent . All factual material used, according to promotional material, was staff-written and each issue featured one short story. The \"Detroit Free Press\" first published \"S&RW\" April 29, 1934, with a photo of Janet Gaynor on the cover \u2013 an era marked by the Great Depression, before television. Full-scale commercial TV broadcasting did not begin in the United States until 1947. Movies and radio, in 1935, according to author Donovan A. Shilling, served as a relief for people living in an era of few jobs. On the first anniversary of the publication (in 1935), circulation was 1,700,000 \u2013 reportedly"}, {"text": "more than any two other fan magazines combined. Editors, reporters, and contributors. A few \"S&RW\" columnists who also wrote for the \"Detroit Free Press\" used pseudonymous bylines and were identified as \"Free Press\" journalists, \"sans\" the word \"Detroit.\" Fashion and beauty Film Hollywood Managing editors Radio Theater Archival access. The issues of \"Screen & Radio Weekly\" include neither mastheads nor volumes nor issue numbers \u2013 only dates. The Margaret Herrick Library \u2013 the main repository of print, graphic and research materials of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences \u2013 holds issues of \"Screen & Radio Weekly.\" () Digital archival access. Newspapers.com Genealogy.com Other"}, {"text": "Kayel Locke (born August 18, 1994) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Belfius Mons-Hainaut of the BNXT League. College career. Locke played college basketball for UNC Greensboro, where he averaged 12.6 points and 5.7 rebounds per game as a junior. He finished his senior season second on the team in scoring and rebounding with 12.6 points and 5.4 rebounds per game. Locke was first in program history in games played with 130, sixth in scoring with 1,522 points and also sixth in rebounding with 652 career rebounds. Professional career. Locke signed his first professional contract in September 2016, signing with Bashkimi of the Balkan league. He also played for teams in Latvia, Finland, Estonia and the Netherlands. In October 2019 he signed with Rain or Shine Elasto Painters. In November 2019, Locke signed with FC Porto in Portugal. On September 2, 2020, Locke returned to Landstede Hammers for a second stint. In summer 2021, he joined Abejas de Le\u00f3n of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional and averaged 8.9 points and 4.4 rebounds per game. On December 14, 2021, Locke signed with Belfius Mons-Hainaut of the BNXT League. He parted ways with the team on January"}, {"text": "6, 2022. Personal life. Locke is the son of Vanessa and Kyle Locke, both of whom played college basketball at Coppin State. His brother Noah played basketball at Florida before transferring to Louisville. His sister Paris plays for the McDonogh School team."}, {"text": "Traveler is the debut major label album by Japanese band Official Hige Dandism, released on 9 October 2019. Supported by the singles \"Shukumei\" and \"Pretender\", it peaked at No. 1 on the Oricon Albums Chart, becoming the band\u2019s first album to do so. Background. In 2018, Official Hige Dandism was signed to the record label Pony Canyon, releasing the single \"No Doubt\" on 11 April of that year. The band recorded and released \"Pretender\" on 15 May 2019. The single subsequently topped the Billboard Japan Hot 100. Before the album\u2019s release, the band released \"Shukumei\" (\u5bbf\u547d), which peaked at No. 3 on the same chart."}, {"text": ", commonly abbreviated , is a pop rock band formed in Shimane, Japan in 2012. After signing a record deal with the major label Pony Canyon in 2018, Official Hige Dandism released the debut single \"No Doubt\", the lead single from the extended play, \"Stand by You EP\". The following year, the band released the second single, \"Pretender\", which ranked at number three on the year-end chart of \"Billboard\" Japan Hot 100 in 2019. Their debut studio album \"Traveler\" was released on 9 October 2019 and reached number one on the Japan Albums Chart. History. The band Official Hige Dandism was formed on June 7, 2012. They released their indie debut mini album \"Love to Peace wa kimi no naka ()\" on April 22, 2015. Their major debut single \"No Doubt ()\" was released on April 11, 2018. On May 15, 2019, the hit song \"Pretender\" was released. In October, after their live performance on the popular program Music Station, the song topped the Japan Hot 100. That same year, the band released \"Shukumei\" () as the official song of the tv broadcast for the 101st edition of the National High School Baseball Championship. On September 4, 2019, Abema TV"}, {"text": "announced that Official Hige Dandism would be producing the song \"Break it Down\" for Airi Suzuki's second album. They attended the 70th NHK K\u014dhaku Uta Gassen on December 31, 2019 with the song \"Pretender\". The band again attended the 71st NHK K\u014dhaku Uta Gassen on December 31, 2020, performing the song \"I Love...\". On March 12, 2021, it was announced that the band provided the opening theme song \"Cry Baby\" for the anime \"Tokyo Revengers\", premiering in April 2021. On March 17, 2022, they announced the opening theme song \"Mixed Nuts\" for the anime \"Spy \u00d7 Family\", also premiering in April 2022. In 2023, Official Hige Dandism provided the opening theme song \"White Noise\" for the second season of \"Tokyo Revengers\". The band announced on March 11, 2023 that it would be on temporary hiatus while Fujihara underwent medical treatment and recovery for a vocal cord polyp. On September 7, 2024, it was announced that the band provided the opening theme song \"Same Blue\" for the anime \"Blue Box\", which premiered in October 2024."}, {"text": "Legends of Runeterra (LoR) is a 2020 digital collectible card game developed and published by Riot Games. Inspired by the physical collectible card game \"\", the developers sought to create a game within the same genre that significantly lowered the barrier to entry. Since its release in April 2020, the game has been free-to-play, and is monetised through purchasable cosmetics. The game is available for Microsoft Windows and mobile operating systems iOS and Android. Like other collectible card games, players play one versus one to reduce their opponent's health to zero. Cards come in a variety of types and belong to one of ten regions\u2014groups of cards with a similar gameplay identity. One significant feature is the game's combat pacing; unlike in other collectible card games, each player alternates between attacking and defending every turn. Many characters from \"League of Legends\", a multiplayer online battle arena by Riot Games, feature in the game. The fictional universe of Runeterra, released by the developer through short stories, comic books, and an animated series, provides flavor and theming for the game's cards. \"Legends of Runeterra\" has been well received by critics, who point to its generous progression systems, accessible gameplay, and high-quality visuals,"}, {"text": "and has won several industry awards. Gameplay. \"Legends of Runeterra\" is a digital collectible card game played one versus one. At the beginning, both players' Nexus has 20 health points; the first to fall to zero loses. Players begin each match with a hand of four cards, which they may trade away for another random card from their deck. Each round, both players draw one card. Cards are played by spending mana; players begin with zero mana, and gain one additional mana crystal per round up to a maximum of ten. A maximum of three unspent mana is stored automatically at the end of a round as spell mana; this can be used in future rounds to cast spells but cannot summon unit cards. One of the game's distinguishing features is its combat pacing. Each round, the \"attack token\", a symbol which indicates which player may attack and who will defend, alternates from player to player. This is reflected visually on each players' half of the board, with a sword icon representing attack or a shield for defense. Some cards enable players to attack when they do not have the attack token. Cards. Each card in the game belongs to"}, {"text": "a region; in standard play, one deck can use cards from up to two regions. Regions have a distinct style of play and identity. Unlike other trading card games, there are no neutral cards that can be used in every deck. The regions originated in the wider \"League of Legends\" expanded universe. Upon the game's initial release, there were three types of card: champions, followers, and spells. Champion cards are the playable characters from \"League of Legends.\" These cards are unique within the game because they can level up. Levelling a champion transforms the card\u2014and all copies of it in the player's deck\u2014into a more powerful version of the card. Unit cards, which includes champions and non-champions (followers), have a number representing their attack and health statistic; attack is how much damage a unit deals to either the Nexus or its blocker, while health reflects the maximum damage a card can take before being removed from play. Spell cards have a \"speed\", denoting when they can be played and in what way the opponent is able to respond, if at all. At launch, there were three speeds: slow, fast, and burst. Slow-speed spells cannot be played during active combat, pass"}, {"text": "priority over to the opponent, and can be responded to with fast or burst spells; fast spells can be played during combat and do not pass priority; and burst speed spells resolve their effect instantly with no opportunity for opponent response. A fourth speed, Focus, resolves immediately and does not pass over turn priority, but can only be used outside of combat. Unit cards do not have a speed, but end a player's turn within a round. Another card type was added in the Monuments of Power expansion\u2014landmarks. Landmarks are played with regular unit mana and consume a position on the player's board; they cannot block or attack. Some landmarks have a \"countdown\" mechanic, wherein they cause a set effect after a certain number of rounds. Development and release. Riot Games employees have considered making a card game since early in the company's history. The company has a significant number of fans of the collectible card game genre. \"Legends of Runeterra\"'s balancing director, Steve Rubin, pointed to Jeff Jew, the game's executive producer and an early Riot Games employee, and Andrew Yip, as big fans of \"\". There were several different concepts of the game, but \"Legends of Runeterra\" was"}, {"text": "primarily developed over three years beginning in 2017. Riot recruited professional \"Magic\" competitors as early playtesters; of them, Steve Rubin was invited to return permanently and later moved into the design team. Rubin noted that the announcement of \"Artifact\" caused the developers to consider rushing the game's release, but ultimately decided to polish the game and aim for wider demographics. A significant challenge in development was determining the mechanics of card acquisition; an early iteration in which players simply unlocked region combinations was poorly received by playtesters, who missed the satisfaction of collecting all cards. Accessibility was a priority for the developers, who sought to provide a familiar experience while not forcing players to buy booster packs, a random bundle of cards otherwise common in the CCG genre. The developers placed a limit on how many cards could be bought in exchange for real money each week. Instead, players are given a number of random cards each week that scales with how frequently they play, and a mechanic called Wild Cards, a way for players to directly craft desired cards. Jeff Jew said that frictionless card collection for players enables the developers to balance more responsively, as players would not"}, {"text": "be upset that a deck they spent up to building had been weakened. In 2023, an update introducing an Emporium, in which cards and cosmetic items could be purchased with real currency, was released. The Emporium was criticized for its pricing and bugs, with director Dave Guskin acknowledging the issues. The Emporium allowed for the purchase of chests containing a random assortment of cards, which was perceived as contradictory to the original statement of not purchasing booster packs. Card acquisition was also changed, reducing the number of Wild Cards which could be acquired for free. This was later stated to be an oversight in which intended behavior was misidentified as a bug. Release and sets. \"Legends of Runeterra\" was revealed at Riot Games' celebration event of the tenth anniversary of \"League of Legends\" on October 15, 2019; applications for the closed beta period began following the conclusion of the stream. \"Eurogamer\" observed the unusual timing of the reveal, given the recent failure of Valve's \"Artifact\" and the waning audience for Blizzard Entertainment's \"Hearthstone\". The first closed beta period ended in October 2019. A second provided access to an additional mode called Expeditions from November 14\u201319, 2019. The open beta, giving"}, {"text": "access to all players, commenced on January 24, 2020; unlike in the closed beta period, cards and cosmetics purchased in the open beta carried over to the live release of the game. The game was released on April 29, 2020; although the beta period was limited to Windows users, the launch accompanied the game's release on mobile operating systems iOS and Android. During beta, the game had included six regions, with four champion cards per region, and 294 total cards. The official launch also brought a new set to the game, \"Rising Tides,\" introducing 120 new cards and a new region\u2014Bilgewater. Along with new cards, sets contain new game mechanics and further development to existing ones. Every existing region was given an additional champion, with Bilgewater having six. With the game's second set, \"Call of the Mountain\", Riot Games altered the release schedule, with each set spanning three \"expansions\". \"Call of the Mountain\" introduced the region of Mount Targon and was released for PC and mobile devices on August 26, 2020. The region of Shurima became part of the game with the \"Empires of the Ascended\" set, released on March 3, 2021. The tenth and final region of the game,"}, {"text": "Bandle City, was released on August 25, 2021, and brought four expansions instead of the usual three. Between the region expansions are Event or Champion Expansions, with Aphelios for the \"Call of the Mountain\" set, Viego & Akshan for the \"Empires of the Ascended\" set, and Path of Champions for the \"Beyond the Bandlewood\", all of which belongs to the Event Set. After the final region, Bandle City, fully released in 2022, Legends of Runeterra started releasing stand-alone expansions, with content for both PvP and PvE aspects of the game. The first stand-alone expansion, Worldwalker, was released on May 25, 2022, introducing Runeterran champions. Reception. \"Legends of Runeterra\" received positive reviews from critics. According to review aggregator Metacritic, the game has a weighted average of 87/100. Many outlets highlighted that the game was both accessible for newcomers to the genre while preserving its depth. \"IGN\"'s Cam Shea awarded the game a 9/10, noting that it managed to maintain its complexity while also streamlining elements from other collectible card games, such as \"Magic: The Gathering\". Jason Coles of \"NME\" wrote that it \"may well be the most accessible card game out there\". Also of note was the game's generous free-to-play business"}, {"text": "model, especially in relation to other games in the same genre. Giving the game an 85/100, Steven Messner, writing for \"PC Gamer\" noted the absence of \"booster packs\", bundles of cards purchasable with real currency, having been replaced with a generous battle pass system which gives out an abundance of free cards and crafting material every week. Messner also mentioned the ease of achieving the maximum level of the battle pass every week. Awards. \"Legends of Runeterra\" was nominated for Best Mobile Game at The Game Awards 2020. Apple named it the iPad Game of the Year for 2020. It was also awarded with Mobile Game of the Year by the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences at the 24th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards."}, {"text": "The Intelligence Community Campus-Bethesda (ICC-B) is a campus in Brookmont, Maryland containing offices for several agencies of the United States Intelligence Community. The campus was created in 1945 and initially served as the headquarters of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and its predecessor organizations. In 2012, it was transferred to the Office of the Director of National Intelligence and substantially renovated into an architecturally and functionally modern design. Early history. The campus sits on an approximately 30-acre parcel standing atop a 150-foot bluff overlooking the Potomac River. The land was taken in 1945 by the government from a development firm in a condemnation action as an expansion of the Army Map Service's facilities adjacent to the Dalecarlia Reservoir. The facility served as headquarters of a succession of agencies: Army Map Service, U.S. Army Topographic Command, Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic/Topographic Command, and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). Erskine Hall, named for Robert Erskine, was completed in 1946 as a five-story brick building with an array of three flagpoles on a semicircular lawn to the east. Abert Hall, named for John James Abert, was constructed in 1962. It was a five-story concrete and brick building with no windows on the upper three floors to"}, {"text": "aid in classified work. The Emory Building, a two-story brick building named after William H. Emory, was constructed in 1963. Roberdeau Hall, named after Isaac Roberdeau, was constructed in 1966 as two-story brick building with no windows. Maury Hall, named for Matthew Fontaine Maury, was constructed in 1988 as a three-story building with no windows. In 2004 the land was administratively part of Fort Myer. In 2004, Erskine Hall and the flagpoles were named as part of the Army Map Service Historic District by Maryland Historical Trust and determined to be eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. Renovation. As a result of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission process, NGA moved to a new facility in Fort Belvoir North Area near Springfield, Virginia. Originally, the General Services Administration and then the Navy planned to relocate functions there, but the campus was transferred to the Office of the Director of National Intelligence in 2012. The renovation involved demolishing Abert Hall and Emory Hall, constructing a new Centrum building that connected and integrated the remaining three buildings, and replacing the facades of the existing buildings with a modern design of glass and red-hued metal panels. The interiors"}, {"text": "were remodeled into open, light-filled workspaces. Additionally, 20 acres of paved surface parking lot were removed and replaced with a new six-story garage. The renovation cost 60% less than completely new construction would have. The architect for the renovation was Leo A Daly. The goal of the renovation was to create a shared space between all 17 agencies of the United States Intelligence Community, reflecting a call for increased collaboration between them by the 9/11 Commission. The campus was built to the LEED Silver certification, with attention given to energy efficiency including the use of LED lighting and solar panels; the renovated campus used 31% less energy than before. The new campus won awards from Building Design+Construction, as well as the Design-Build Institute of America and the U.S. Green Building Council National Capital Area. A ribbon-cutting ceremony was held on October 8, 2015. As of 2015, the campus contained offices for about 3,000 employees of the National Counterintelligence and Security Center, National Intelligence University, and Defense Intelligence Agency. In October 2019, a Wall of Spies Experience museum was opened within the facility, depicting 135 spies such as Benedict Arnold, Aldrich Ames, Robert Hanssen, and Edward Snowden, as well as historical"}, {"text": "artifacts related to spying. Although the physical museum is not open to the public, a website version was developed for public consumption."}, {"text": "Leif Reinhardt Natvig (March 8, 1894 \u2013 November 14, 1975) was a Norwegian entomologist. He was employed throughout his entire career at the Oslo Zoological Museum, and he contributed to a stronger connection between the museum and the Norwegian Entomological Society. Natvig became interested in nature and insects at an early age, especially beetles. Later he started studying mosquitoes, horseflies, and botflies. In addition to entomology, he collected ivory work, weapons, and first editions of illustrated books. One of the highlights of his life was meeting Emperor Hirohito during a visit to Tokyo in 1965. Natvig brought with him some Norwegian publications on marine biology, including from the Norwegian Sea. It is said that what would have usually been a short audience lasted for two hours, while the emperor and Natvig eagerly leafed through the publications. University of Oslo / Zoological Museum. Leif Reinhardt Natvig had a lifelong engagement at the Oslo Zoological Museum. He was admitted to the University of Oslo in 1913, and not long afterward was employed as a research assistant to Nils J. T. Odhner, the director of the Oslo Zoological Museum. In 1916 he entered the vacancy as a conservator at the museum. The insect"}, {"text": "collection at the museum had grown and it had too little space. Natvig reorganized the large insect collection, which took several years. It was not until 1922 that he received his first degree in zoology. In 1948 he became the museum's chief conservator. He held this position for only one year, and then in 1949 he became director of the museum. He retired in 1964. His insect collection can be found at the Natural History Museum in Oslo today. Natvig lectured for almost 40 years at the University of Oslo on terrestrial arthropods. He frequently gave other lectures, including at the Oslo Folk Academy. He was described \"as a good lecturer and speaker who popularized and could act out the behavior of insects when he talked about them, he had ... a gracious nature and was helpful and easy to connect with. He liked to talk about his tasks and experiences\" and \" his ... lessons and excursions are remembered as gems in teaching.\" Botflies. In 1916, Natvig was an expert in the reindeer grazing case (), and he traveled to M\u00e5lselv Municipality to study the biology of the reindeer warble fly. The next summer he traveled to Nordland and"}, {"text": "Tr\u00f8ndelag counties, and this contributed to his later interest in blood-sucking insects. He later became involved with the occurrence and biology of the subfamily of botflies known as warble flies (the cattle warble fly, \"Hypoderma lineatum\", and the ox warble fly, \"Hypoderma bovis\") in Norway. He rebuffed the claim that girls working as shepherds in summer pastures were particularly susceptible to warble fly attacks because they were unclean and smelled like cows, fooling the warble flies. He proved that warble flies with mature eggs were so driven that they deposited the eggs on both humans and animals if they were nearby. Natvig worked deliberately, and it was not until 1937 that he produced an elaborate thesis, almost a full volume, on warble flies in Scandinavia. Mosquitoes. While working on botflies, Natvig's interest in mosquitoes was aroused. His contribution to the knowledge of Norwegian mosquitoes was required because the last published study was from 1877. Natvig himself collected a great deal of material during his travels in southern Norway, which encompassed over eighteen summers. He collected some material himself from Northern Norway, but was also sent a lot of material. He was also at the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Diseases"}, {"text": "() in Hamburg on several occasions, where he studied the morphology and systematics of the mosquito. In 1949, he received his doctorate with a dissertation on the mosquito, titled \"Contribution to the Knowledge of the Danish and Fennoscandian Mosquitoes. Culicini\". The dissertation is 589 pages long and covers mosquitoes throughout Scandinavia and Denmark. Natvig's examiner at his doctoral defense, Hjalmar Broch, is said to have stated \"this is apparently evidence that a mosquito can turn into an elephant.\" With this, Natvig became one of the foremost experts on mosquitoes, and his dissertation became indispensable for anyone working with mosquitoes. Natvig also had a large amount of material on \"Anopheles\" mosquitoes, and he did some work on this genus of insects. Norwegian Entomological Society. Leif Reinhardt Natvig joined the Norwegian Entomological Society in 1912 at the age of 16. That same year he was elected a deputy member of the board, and he performed many duties and was very active in the society. He served as the society's secretary (1915\u20131918, 1930\u20131937) and chairman (1937\u20131950). He was a member of the editorial committee of the \"Norwegian Journal of Entomology\" (1924\u20131950) and its editor (1952\u20131955). Publications. Natvig published several major works and a"}, {"text": "number of shorter articles on his field of study, including several obituaries of entomologists. He wrote down much of Norway's early entomological history and helped preserve it. He contributed research publications in a number of professional journals. In addition to entomology, he also wrote a book on Japanese woodcuts."}, {"text": "Narelle Jubelin (born 1960) is an Australian artist who has lived and practiced in Madrid since 1996. Jubelin's often collaborative work spans across media such as sculpture, printmaking, multi-media installation and is especially focused on single thread petit point stitching. She has been exhibiting her work internationally for over 30 years and exhibited work in the 1990 Venice Biennale. Her work is held in the Cruthers Collection of Women's Art, and she is represented by Mori Gallery, Sydney and The Commercial Gallery, Sydney. Her work brings attention to themes of cultural exchange, feminine labour, modernism and Australian feminism, architecture and colonialism. Early life and education. Born in Sydney in 1960, Jubelin attended the Alexander Mackie College of Advanced Education where she received a Bachelor of Education in Art in 1982. She received a Graduate Diploma in Professional Art Studies from the University of New South Wales College of Fine Arts in 1983. Career. Jubelin's artworks deal with the reduction of architectural paintings and photographs to miniature petit point works \u2013 fine needlework that consists of coloured cotton thread and silk mesh. It has been stated that her reduction of artworks into petit point stitching draws attention to women\u2019s labour, and"}, {"text": "the overlooked slow processes of feminine labour. It has been said that Jubelin's use of petit point needlework to recreate architectural forms and landscapes responds to the non-expressive typologies of late Modernism, particularly to the works of Bernd and Hilla Becher. Working at a time in Australian history shaped by post colonialist, technological and multicultural concerns, Jubelin's work often responds to the globalisation concerns of the late 1980s and early 1990s, and the interest in the exploration of Modernist practices. In 1985, Jubelin co-founded Firstdraft Gallery in Sydney. One of Jubelin's earliest works, \"The Unforeseen\" (1989), features petit point works encased in a found wooden frames to highlight the central stitched panel of a man entering a mining cave. This central panel forms the pupil of the eye, and is said to comment on colonial male enterprise, and the historical devaluing of women's achievements. The use of women's hobby and domestic craft is central to this artwork and most of Jubelin's other works, as it is said to reject the traditional hierarchical value system of art mediums and instead centres women\u2019s labour in a gallery space. The shape of the eye is central to the meaning of this work as"}, {"text": "it appears to observe viewers, engaging with ideas of psychoanalytic identification and the male gaze. The vaginal imagery of the cave in the work adds to the unconscious psychoanalytic identification. Jubelin was brought to public attention by her work \"Trade Delivers People\", which was shown at the 1990 Venice Biennale, where she represented Australia. \"Trade Delivers People\" addresses cultural exchange and colonialism, and the way signs and symbols of local cultures are globally exploited, rendering them foreign. \"Soft Shoulder\", (1997) responds to similar ideas addressed in \"Trade Delivers People\". \"Soft Shoulder\" was Jubelin's debut work in the United States, at the Renaissance Society of the University of Chicago. The work was said to explore \"the inter-relatedness of people and places the inter-relatedness of people and places as they occur by way of fate, coincidence or deliberate migration and exchange.\" Using petit point works that seek to connect Chicago and Australia, \"Soft Shoulder\" addresses issues of identity at the heart of cultural production and questions what a universal sense of belonging and home actually is. \"Case No. T961301\" was first exhibited at the Tate Liverpool Gallery in 1998. The work consisted of two suspended stainless steel, round tables, set with textual"}, {"text": "transcripts, cutlery, petit points and photographs. The transcripts and other objects directly link to four English women activists, known as the \"Ploughshares Four\", who destroyed an aircraft that was set to be deployed in East Timor. As a peacekeeping effort, the women attacked the plane with cutlery and other mundane implements. It is suggested that this exhibition consisting of the readymade seeks to address colonialism and cultural exchange like many of Jubelin's work. The work has been criticised by author Sean Cubitt for its lack of tactility in response to the tactical work of the Ploughshares Four. Cubitt states that \"Jubelin\u2019s problem is to make a work that is as successful as that, [The Ploughshares Four] and she fails.\" He says that the physicality of the Ploughshares Four is not present in the work, and that a gallery space can never equal the \"urgency of the tactician\". However, it is stated that the work can help to remember the achievements of the past. The first major retrospective of Jubelin's work occurred in 2012, entitled \"Vision in Motion\". The exhibition showcased Jubelin's petit point, collaborative and video-based works across three major Australian university museums \u2014 The University of Sydney, Monash University"}, {"text": "and the University of South Australia. Focusing on architectural and environmental forms, these works address the history of Australian Modernist art through feminine craft and needlework, using \"subversive stitch\" to incorporate feminist, sexual and phallic signifiers. Jubelin's exhibition \"The Housing Question\" showed at Penrith Regional Gallery in 2019 in collaboration with Helen Grace. \"The Housing Question\" incorporates text, video and needlework to addresses notions of home, safety and security in an era of homelessness, mass housing and refugee displacement. Jubelin's petit point works in the exhibition are said to directly reference her father's photographs of her family home. Jubelin's work is currently held in many major public collections, including the Albertina Print Museum, Vienna, and the National Gallery of Australia, Canberra. Her work has been shown globally, in places such as Jos\u00e9 Guerrero Center, Granada, Artists' Space, Jerusalem and the Marlborough Contemporary, London. Since 1987, the Cruthers Collection of Women\u2019s Art has collected many of Jubelin's works. Solo exhibitions. 2016 \"Primitive Flamenco\", The Commercial Gallery, Sydney \"Primitive Flamenco\", Marlborough Contemporary, London 2013 \"Vision in Motion\", Samstag Museum, University of South Australia, Adelaide 2012 \"Afterimage\", La Casa Encendida, Madrid \"Vision in Motion\", Monash University Museum of Art, Melbourne \"Vision in Motion\","}, {"text": "University of Sydney, Sydney 2008 \"Hairy Hair\", Luis Serpa Projects Gallery, Lisbon 2006 \"Ungrammatical Landscape\", Jos\u00e9 Guerrero Center, Granada 2003 \"Duration Houses\", Mori Gallery, Sydney 1999 \"Case No: T961301\", Mori Gallery, Sydney 1997 \"Soft Shoulder\", Art Gallery of Western Australia, Perth 1995 \"Soft Shoulder\", Gray Art Gallery & Study Center, New York University, New York 1994 \"Soft Shoulder\", The Renaissance Society, the University of Chicago, Chicago 1993 \"Estate\", Galerie Knoll, Budapest 1992 \"Dead Slow\", Center for Contemporary Art, Glasgow 1990 \"Trade Delivers People\", Venice Biennale, Venice 1987 \"Re-presenting His Story\", Institute of Technology, Architecture Faculty Gallery, Sydney 1986 \"His Story\", Mori Gallery, Sydney"}, {"text": "Martin (floruit 1200\u20131207) was the abbot of the Cistercian monastery of Pairis in Alsace, then part of the German kingdom in the Holy Roman Empire. Martin played a supporting role on the Fourth Crusade. He was a major source for the \"Historia Constantinopolitana\", a history of the Fourth Crusade written by the monk Gunther of Pairis. Gunther's \"Historia\" serves as both a eulogy on the life of Martin and also an account of the translation of relics Martin brought to Pairis from the crusade. Gunther describes Martin as pleasant-looking, affable, eloquent, humble and wise. Martin's native tongue was Alsatian German and he also spoke Latin. He is sometimes given the surname Litz. This, however, is based on a misreading by Henricus Canisius of the word \"licet\". Leading the Upper Rhenish contingent. Martin was urged to join the crusade by Pope Innocent III. He was responsible for preaching the crusade all along the Upper Rhine. He began his preaching tour in Basel Cathedral no later than September 1201, when he was at C\u00eeteaux to receive leave from the head of his order to go on crusade. At the beginning of 1202, he had an army of 1,200 men from the region."}, {"text": "Before setting out he committed it to the protection of the Virgin Mary. Unarmed himself, he led the army via Innsbruck across the Brenner Pass and via Trent to the rendezvous at Venice. Owing to the delay of the crusade's scheduled departure, he stayed in Verona for eight weeks in May\u2013June 1202. He arrived in Venice shortly before 13 August. When the leaders of the crusade considered assisting the Venetians in a siege of Zara, a Christian city belonging to King Emeric of Hungary, Martin requested the papal legate, Peter of Capua, to absolve him of his vow. The legate refused, but urged Martin to do everything he could to prevent the shedding of Christian blood. Peter also placed him in charge of the entire German contingent, according to Gunther, but more likely just its spiritual direction. According to Martin's eyewitness account, as relayed by Gunther, the crusaders besieged Zara reluctantly and without joy, but vigorously so as to induce its quick surrender and avoid excess bloodshed. Through the siege of Zara (ended 24 November 1202) the crusaders incurred excommunication and Martin was among the delegation sent by the leaders of the crusade to obtain papal forgiveness and the lifting"}, {"text": "of the ban. He may have been the representative of the contingent from Germany, or he may have joined the delegation on his own initiative in order to use his audience with the pope to renew his request to be released to return to his abbey. In the Holy Land and Constantinople. After Pope Innocent III denied his renewed request, Martin went with Peter of Capua to Benevento. When they received news of the planned diversion of the crusade to Constantinople to place Alexios IV on the Byzantine throne, they decided not to return to the main army. From Siponto Martin sailed with the legate to Saint-Jean d'Acre in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. He arrived in Acre on 25 April 1203 during an outbreak of plague. There he met many Germans who had been in his charge in Venice but who had, like him, abandoned the army either before or after Zara and gone on to the Holy Land to fulfill their vows. Martin stayed in Acre for six months ministering to the sick. On 8 November 1203, after the truce with the Ayyubids had been broken, Martin and Conrad of Schwarzenberg were sent to Constantinople to request assistance from"}, {"text": "the main army. They arrived at Constantinople on 1 January 1204 but, since nobody could be spared from the main army, they waited. Martin took the subsequent sack of Constantinople (13\u201315 April) as an opportunity to seize relics for his monastery. He forced an old priest in the Church of the Pantocrator to show him where the church's relics were hidden and helped himself to as much as he could carry. Martin was present at the election and coronation of Baldwin IX of Flanders as emperor. According to Gunther, he was offered a bishopric in Thessalonica by Boniface I of Montferrat, but declined it. Martin left Constantinople on 15 August 1204, returning to Acre on 1 October. In Acre, he showed off his newly acquired relics to the Alsatian nobleman Werner of Egisheim, who urged him to stay in Acre at the head of a new Carmelite monastery. He declined, but he did stay in Acre long enough to procure further relics there. According to Gunther, Martin obtained a piece of the True Cross, a trace of the blood of Jesus and relics from a long list of saints, but he does not distinguish between those taken from Constantinople or"}, {"text": "Acre. Return to Pairis. Martin embarked for his return voyage on 31 March 1205, sailing in the same convoy as Conrad of Krosigk, bishop of Halberstadt. They arrived in Venice on 28 May. He traveled back to his monastery by way of the Alpine passes and Basel, where his crusade had begun. He arrived back in Pairis on 24 June 1205. The monks of Pairis seem to have elected a certain Werner as abbot during Martin's absence. Perhaps having not heard from him, they suspected he had died. In February 1205, while Werner was acting abbot, King Philip of Germany placed the abbey under royal protection. He renewed this act of protection in 1206 or 1207, probably because of Martin's unexpected return. In gratitude, the monks gave the king a reliquary tablet."}, {"text": "Tj\u00f6rven De Brul (born 22 June 1973) is a retired Belgian football defender and current head coach of SK Berlare. Career. Coaching career. After retiring in the summer 2011, De Brul was hired as head coach of Belgian fourth division club K.R.C. Gent in October 2011. He was fired on 27 December 2012 due to poor results. In April 2013, he was appointed head coach of KVC Jong Lede. He left the club at the end of the 2013-14 season. At the end of December 2019, he was appointed head coach of his former club, SK Berlare."}, {"text": "Debra Dawes (born 1955) is an Australian contemporary painter best known for her abstract paintings of gridlike structures and geometric patterns. She has been a practicing artist since the early 1980s and is seen as one of the leading figures in Australian abstract art. She has held over 25 solo exhibitions, been part of more than 60 group exhibitions and her works are held in national, state and private collections around Australia. Biography. Debra Dawes was born in Goondiwindi, Queensland, Australia on 9 May 1955. She currently travels between Coledale, Murrurundi and Sydney, NSW to live and work. Dawes met her now husband, Jelle van den Berg, in 1982. She traveled with him to The Netherlands and stayed there for 6 months before returning to Australia to continue her studies. During this time, they opened an art gallery, Union Street Gallery that continued into the 1990s. Education. In 1979, Dawes completed an Art Certificate at TAFE in Newcastle, Australia. She then went on to attain an Art Diploma at the College of Advanced Education in Newcastle 1980\u201382. In 1985, she obtained a Post-Graduate Diploma in Painting at Sydney College of the Arts. After studying in Sydney, Dawes moved to Murrurundi,"}, {"text": "NSW in order to support her family and to enable adequate working space for both her and her husband's artistic practices. Almost a decade later in 1994, Dawes began her doctorate of creative arts at the University of Wollongong, completing the degree in 2000. Career. Dawes' practice is based in reductive abstract paintings of alternating colours, patterns and geometric shapes. Dawes makes use of formal structures such as the grid, planes, volume, space and line. Her work discusses a wide range of topics and ideas ranging from examining and mediating personal experience, processing the relation between knowledge and experience, exploring feminist theory and power relationships, to analysis and critique of political language and structures. There have been various interpretations of her paintings including concepts of space as a social commentary, an invigorating perceptual experience, the exploration of the nature and form of the image in painting, to seduce and resist our gaze. Exhibitions. Dawes has held over 25 solo exhibitions from 1983 with her most recent being in 2017. She has exhibited across Australia in Melbourne, Sydney, Canberra and Perth and in Groningen, The Netherlands. She has also exhibited in more than 60 group exhibitions from as early as 1984,"}, {"text": "both nationally throughout Australia and internationally in Italy, Hong Kong. Recognition and awards. Dawes has received numerous Australian grants and awards. She has been a recipient of the Australia Council grant four times, in 1990, 1994, 1997 and 2004, and in 2010 she was awarded the Redlands Westpac Art Prize. Collections. Dawes' artworks are held in many collections Australia wide. Her work is collected by the National Gallery of Australia, National Gallery of Victoria, Art Gallery of New South Wales, Art Gallery of Western Australia and the Queensland Art Gallery. Universities that collect her works are Murdoch University, the University of Queensland and the University of Wollongong. Her work is also collected by numerous regional and private collections such as Macquarie Bank, Artbank, Allen, Allen & Hemsley, Powerhouse Museum, Wesfarmers Arts, Cruthers Collection of Women's Art and the New England Regional Art Museum. Notable works. Starlite, 1993, Oil on Board, 240 x 390 cm Unfinished Business, 1998, Acrylic on polyester, 202.5 x 367 cm"}, {"text": "The women's team sprint competition at the 2019 UEC European Track Championships, in the Netherlands was held on 16 October 2019. Results. Qualifying. All teams advanced to the first round. First round. First round heats were held as follows:<br> Heat 1: 4th v 5th fastest<br> Heat 2: 3rd v 6th fastest<br> Heat 3: 2nd v 7th fastest<br> Heat 4: 1st v 8th fastest The heat winners were ranked on time, from which the top 2 proceeded to the gold medal final and the other 2 proceeded to the bronze medal final."}, {"text": "Janet Burchill (born 12 December 1955) is an Australian contemporary artist. She is known for her work across multiple disciplines such as painting, sculpture, installation, film, and her continued collaboration with Jennifer McCamley since the mid-1980s. Notably, Burchill's work has been collected and included in the Cruthers Collection of Women's Art. Biography. Burchill was born on 12 December 1955, in Melbourne, Victoria. She currently resides in Melbourne, where she continues her art practices. Career. Burchill studied Visual Arts at the Sydney College of the Arts. During her time in Sydney, Burchill established the Super 8 Collective alongside Mark Titmarsh, Ross Gibson, Lindy Lee and Deirdre Beck, after the second Sydney Super 8 Film festival. In 1983 she completed her Bachelor of Arts with an interest in sculpture and film. For her honours exhibition she created the work, \"Aporia\" (1984)\",\" which spelt the word over a series of six canvases\".\" Since this exhibition she has incorporated and explored monochromatic colour schemes that have influenced her continuing practice. Her early works from 1984 to 1987 use industrial material, screenprinting, airbrushing and video-scanning processes to explore the connection between language and images. In these works, words such as: MUTE, RETURN, APORIA, and EQUIVALENCE"}, {"text": "are enamelled on aluminium and canvas boards to highlight the limits of language and representation. In 1983, Burchill and McCamley's working partnership began. McCamley studied film, semiotics and philosophy, which supplemented Burchill's training in sculpture and film. They were both concerned with critiquing the histories of art, film, literature and culture, working through a feminist, psychoanalytic lens. In 1984, Burchill and McCamley created a Super 8 film titled \"Bath girls\" a critique of Andy Warhol's \"Tub Girls (1967)\". The film was fifteen minutes in length, and was screened at The Fifth Sydney Super 8 Film Festival, and L'eight No 2 in Sydney. Influenced by the Pictures Generation (Cindy Sherman, Richard Prince, Barbara Kruger, Sherrie Levine) their early work, \"Temptation To Exist (Tippi)\" (1986) shows two film stills of Tippi Hedren after being attacked by birds in Hitchock's 1963 film, \"The Birds\". The two stills are mounted on aluminium and separated by a black bar. Burchill and McCamley, through appropriated imagery, make reference to key ideas expressed in Laura Mulvey's 1973 essay, \"Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema\". In 1991, Burchill and McCamley were awarded the Australian Council's Kunstlerhaus Bethanien Residency and Scholarship and the duo lived and worked in Berlin until"}, {"text": "1997. During this period, Burchill completed the photographic series \"Freiland\". This series documented the changes an outdoor meeting area underwent both after the collapse of the Berlin Wall, and over the decade they were photographed. The sad and stale appearance of these photographs allowed Burchill to illustrate the social and political divide East Germany experienced during this period. The site was constructed by Turkish immigrants that worked in Germany during the divide, and had not gained citizenship. These works were exhibited in 1997 and in 2017 at the National Gallery of Australia. In 2001 and 2002, Burchill's installation pieces \"Pre-paradise sorry now,\" as well as \"Wall Unit,\" combined the uses of Waferweld timber with bronze and neon. These works referenced modernism and 1930\u2019s Bauhaus hanging sideboards. \"Wall Unit\" was entered for the National Gallery of Victoria's National Sculpture Prize and Exhibition in 2001. Throughout the early 2010s, Burchill's work was concerned with images and symbols from activism. Her 2013 exhibition in collaboration with McCamley, \"Legion,\" combines the iconic Guy Fawkes mask associated with the hacktivist group Anonymous, with tribal Papua New Guinean shields. In 2019, Heide Museum of Modern Art reflected on the 35 year collaboration between Burchill and McCamley"}, {"text": "through the exhibition, \"Temptation to Co-Exist.\" This collection of backlogged work is named after an earlier installation and photographic series, \"Temptation to Exist (1986)\". The exhibition commemorates the career and ouvre of Burchill and McCamley retrospectively. Exhibitions. Artspace, Sydney 8th Biennale of Sydney UQ Art Museum and Ian Potter Museum of Art Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney University Art Museum, University of Queensland, Brisbane Solar Neon, IASKA, Western Australia Curated by Kyla McFarlane for Monash University Museum of Art World Food Books, Melbourne and Rodeo Gallery, Istanbul Institute of Modern Art, Brisbane curated by Sue Cramer for the Heide Museum of Modern Art"}, {"text": "The Nustar Fire was a fuel storage fire and wildfire at the NuStar Energy facility in Crockett, California, which started about 2:00 PM on 15 October 2019. By 9:00 PM the same evening, the fire was contained, though two tanks of ethanol were still burning. About 15 acres burned. The ATF and other agencies investigated the cause of the fuel tank explosions. There is some speculation that the event might have been related to a nearby earthquake 15 hours earlier. On 22 October it was reported that the Nustar Fire was provoking opposition to an expansion of the Phillips 66 refinery tank farm adjacent to the NuStar facility, in Rodeo. As of 25 October 2019 (10 days after the fire), two ships delivering imported ethanol were stuck without a place to unload, since the NuStar terminal was the only terminal in the San Francisco area set up to receive ethanol, and was shut down by the state while they investigated the fire. On 27 October, another fire, the Sky Fire, threatened Crockett, burning another 150 acres along Cummings Skyway. Most of the town and the NuStar facility were evacuated. The Sky Fire was extinguished on 28 October. According to the"}, {"text": "30-day interim report on the Nustar fire submitted to the Contra Costa Hazardous Materials Programs by Shore Terminals LLC: A final report from the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District was completed and presented May 21, 2021. It concluded the first tank explosion was probably caused by an electric fault that ignited an ethanol vapor air mixture in the headspace of the tank. Improper grounding was observed as well as a pallet removed from the vapor line PRV after a 2012 incident. The second tank was damaged by debris from the first explosion."}, {"text": "Hawkeye is the name of different fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Mainstream versions. Clint Barton. Clint Barton was the first character to take up the name of Hawkeye. He was originally a supervillain that assisted Black Widow and fought Iron Man before he joined the Avengers. Jeremy Renner portrays Clint Barton in the projects set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Kate Bishop. At the time when Clint Barton was temporarily deceased, Kate Bishop operated as Hawkeye as a member of the Young Avengers. Hailee Steinfeld portrays Kate Bishop in the projects set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Pretenders. Bullseye. When Norman Osborn formed the Dark Avengers, he had Bullseye become the Dark Avengers version of Hawkeye. Barney Barton. When Norman Osborn formed a second version of the Dark Avengers, he recruited Barney Barton to be this team's version of Hawkeye. Other versions. Golden Archer. At one point, the Golden Archer used the codename of Hawkeye. Marvel 2099. There have been two versions of Hawkeye in Marvel 2099: Max. During the \"Secret Wars\" storyline, the Battleworld domain of 2099 had its version of Hawkeye who is a member of the Avengers 2099. This version is"}, {"text": "Max who is an archer that was spliced with the DNA of hawk giving him the wings and talons of a hawk. An unidentified 2099 reality's version of Hawkeye fought the Anti-Vigilante Act alongside his fellow vigilantes. Like the Battleworld version, he has the wings of a hawk. An unidentified 2099 reality's version of Hawkeye was briefly displaced on Earth where he helped the displaced version of Spider-Man 2099 fight the Fist. Unlike the Battleworld version, this version does not appear to be a human/hawk hybrid. Unnamed assassin. On the unified Marvel 2099 reality of Earth-2099, an unnamed person operated as an assassin named Hawkeye. Onslaught Reborn. During the \"Onslaught Reborn\" limited series, a pocket dimension created by Franklin Richards had one of its inhabitants being a version of Wolverine who operated as Hawkeye. Ultimate Universe. During the \"Ultimate Invasion\" storyline, Maker traveled to Earth-6160 and remade it into his own image. On one of the monitors of the Ultimates' hideout in the Stark/Stane satellite called the Triskelion, a man in a hoodie that is implied to be Clint Barton is walking away from a garbage can filled with Hawkeye equipment. The Hawkeye equipment was later claimed by a Native"}, {"text": "American named Charli Ramsey who used the arrows in their fight against Roxxon. At Roxxon Refinery 15, Captain America confronted Hawkeye and fought against them and their different arrows like the repulsor arrow, the sonic \"screamer\" arrow, the cluster-bomb arrow, the knockout arrow, the freeze arrow, the acid arrow, the inertia-cancelling arrow, the industrial taser arrow, the razor arrow, the neural-disruption arrow, the hunter/killer arrow until they managed to subdue him. Just then, \"Roxxon's Cleanup Crew\" shows up as Captain America and Hawkeye defeat them. Hawkeye agrees to go with Captain America as more of \"Roxxon's Cleanup Crew\" will be coming. When Captain America asks Hawkeye if their spirit name is \"Charli Hawk's Eye\", Charli quotes \"You white people will believe anything\"."}, {"text": "Karim Kamanzi (born 18 March 1983) is a retired Rwandan football striker. He was capped for the Rwanda national football team at the 2004 African Cup of Nations."}, {"text": "Anthony Watkins (born 31 October 2000) is a German-American professional basketball player for TSV Neustadt of the German ProB. After graduating from The McCallie School in Chattanooga, Tennessee in 2019, Watkins chose to bypass college in order to pursue professional basketball in Germany before the 2020 NBA draft. Early life and career. Watkins grew up in the United States and Germany and is bilingual. He started to pursue basketball from his early childhood on, at the age of 5. Watkins continued playing both school-organized basketball in middle and high school, as well as AAU basketball. At Lakeview Middle School, Watkins holds the record of most points scored in a single game with 47 points in three quarters' time. Watkins then became a member of the varsity basketball team at The McCallie School. He led his team as captain in his senior year of high school during which he ranked second in scoring for the Blue Tornado, while also standing second in field goal percentage and blocked shots. Watkins was selected to the 2019 Division II-AA East-Middle All-Region and BCAT All-Stars East teams. Professional career. Watkins signed his first professional contract with the Basketball L\u00f6wen Erfurt of the German third tier"}, {"text": "ProB in August 2019, right after graduating from The McCallie School. Due to being classified as an EU-import player, despite Watkins' dual citizenship, he played limited minutes in 10 games with the Basketball L\u00f6wen Erfurt, averaging 3.6 points per contest. In January 2020, Watkins, therefore, joined the Regionalliga side Gie\u00dfen Pointers (fourth German division) with a debut of 22 points and eight rebounds. He finished the season, which ended prematurely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, averaging 9 points, 4.1 rebounds and 1.1 assists per game, while shooting 53 percent from the field and 66.7 percent from behind the 3-point line in nine games. Under the Collective Bargaining Agreement between the NBA and the National Basketball Players Association, Watkins' professional status and the fact that he played his first professional game before January 1, 2020, entered him in the 2020 NBA draft. He was not selected by any NBA team. On 28 August 2020, Watkins signed with the Basketball L\u00f6wen Braunschweig of the Basketball Bundesliga, with a double license, in order to also assist Braunschweig's Regionalliga team SG Braunschweig. He made his debut for the Basketball L\u00f6wen team in the Bundesliga on December 13, 2020. On July 14, 2021, he signed"}, {"text": "with MLP Academics Heidelberg of the Basketball Bundesliga. His playing time was limited to no more than 1:33 minutes per game during the 2021-2022 Bundesliga season. In 2022-23, Watkins emerged as a major contributor for BG Hagen, averaging a team-high 21.4 points per outing for the fourth-tier Regionalliga outfit. On June 30, 2023, he put pen to paper on a contract with the Artland Dragons of the German second-tier ProA league. Watkins parted company with the Artland side on December 6, 2024. He then signed with German third-division team TSV Neustadt. Watkins was Neustadt's second leading scorer (12.8 points per contest) during the 2024-25 season which in relegation from the ProB league. National team career. Watkins was selected to the expanded roster of the U20 German National Team in 2019 and also participated in the U18 training camp in 2018."}, {"text": "Deer Valley is an organized hamlet in the Rural Municipality of Lumsden No. 189, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is approximately northwest of Regina and south of the Town of Lumsden. History. The development of the Deer Valley community began in 1998. It was established as an organized hamlet on December 31, 2016. Government. Deer Valley has a three-member organized hamlet board that is chaired by Kristen Abel. The board reports to the Rural Municipality of Lumsden No. 189 as its administering municipality."}, {"text": "The men's team sprint competition at the 2019 UEC European Track Championships was held on 16 October 2019. Results. Qualifying. The eight fastest teams advanced to the first round. First round. First round heats were held as follows:<br> Heat 1: 4th v 5th fastest<br> Heat 2: 3rd v 6th fastest<br> Heat 3: 2nd v 7th fastest<br> Heat 4: 1st v 8th fastest The heat winners were ranked on time, from which the top 2 proceeded to the gold medal final and the other 2 proceeded to the bronze medal final."}, {"text": "The Marina Ground is a sports ground in Gouvia on the island of Corfu, Greece. In October 2019, it was selected to host the 2019 Hellenic Premier League, which was a Twenty20 International (T20I) tri-series between Greece, Serbia and Bulgaria. In May 2025, hosted four Women\u2019s Twenty20 International (T20I) between Greece and Germany. Twenty 20 International centuries. The following table summarises the Twenty 20 International centuries scored at the venue."}, {"text": "Moses Porter (20 March 1756 \u2013 14 April 1822) was a general in the United States Army during the War of 1812. His career lasted for over 40 years and he is one of the few officers who served in both the American Revolution and the War of 1812. Biography. Moses Porter was born on 20 March 1756 in Danvers, Massachusetts. He was the son of Benjamin Porter and Sarah Brown Porter. Revolutionary War. On 1 January 1777 Porter was commissioned an ensign in the 6th Massachusetts Regiment (a.k.a. Nixon's Regiment) of the Continental Army, shortly before his 21st birthday. The regiment mostly served in the Hudson Highlands area of New York and participated in the Battles of Saratoga in 1777. He served in the 6th Massachusetts until he was deranged (i.e. involuntarily discharged due to reorganization) from the regiment on 1 March 1779. He was promoted to 2nd Lieutenant in the 3rd Continental Artillery Regiment, commanded by Colonel John Crane on 21 April 1779. He served with the 3rd Artillery, mostly in the Hudson Highlands area of New York, until it was consolidated with other artillery units on 17 June 1783 to form the Corps of Artillery. Porter was"}, {"text": "discharged from the Continental Army at the end of the Revolution on 3 November 1783. Although he was eligible, for unknown reasons, Porter did not become an Original Member of the Society of the Cincinnati. 1786 to 1812. Porter was commissioned as a lieutenant in the newly formed United States Artillery Battalion on 20 October 1786. He served in the Northwest Indian War against the Miami Indians in the Northwest Territory (modern day Ohio) from 1790 to 1794. He was promoted to captain in command of a company of artillery on 4 November 1791 when a vacancy was created by the promotion of Captain Henry Burbeck to major following the death of Major William Ferguson in St. Clair's Defeat. (Note that companies of artillery were not called batteries until the American Civil War.) Porter's artillery company was originally formed in 1786 and was one of only four artillery companies in the U.S. Army prior to 1794. (The modern day 4th Battalion, 1st Field Artillery Regiment is credited with having Porter's company as its lineal ancestor.) Porter's company was transferred to the 3rd Sublegion when that unit was formed in 1792, and saw service which culminated in the Battle of Fallen"}, {"text": "Timbers in 1794. Porter and his company were transferred to the Corps of Artillerists and Engineers when that unit was formed on 1 May 1794. The Corps of Artillerists and Engineers was redesignated as the 1st Regiment of Artillerists and Engineers in 1799. He became a major in command of a battalion of four companies on 26 May 1800. He was retained as a major on 1 April 1802 when the Army was reduced and reorganized in accordance with the Military Peace Establishment Act. War of 1812. On 12 March 1812, shortly before the outbreak of the War of 1812, Porter was promoted to colonel and placed in command of the Light Artillery Regiment. In this capacity he served with distinction in the campaign in Upper Canada (modern day Ontario) and was brevetted (i.e. given an honorary promotion) to brigadier general on 10 September 1813 for \"distinguished service in the campaign of 1813\". In 1814 Porter was sent to Norfolk, Virginia to take command of the defenses of that critical seaport. His headquarters was at Fort Norfolk. He served there until the conclusion of the war early in 1815. Post war. After the war, most units of the Light Artillery"}, {"text": "Regiment were transferred to garrison coastal forts in New England. As he was one of the senior officers in the Army, Porter was appointed as a department commander. He commanded the 3rd Military Department (Southern New York and Northern New Jersey) from 31 July to 31 October 1816, he then commanded Army troops in Western New York from December 31, 1816 to March 1817. He then commanded the 4th Military Department (New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut) from 30 April 1817 to 30 April 1818. His next assignment was as commander of the 4th Department (Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and Southern New Jersey) from May 31, 1818 to May 31, 1821. On 1 June 1821, the Artillery units of the U.S. Army were reorganized into four artillery regiments and Porter was given command of the 1st Regiment of Artillery. Death and burial. General Moses Porter died on 14 April 1822 at Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was 66 years old and had served over 42 years in uniform. He is buried in the Walnut Grove Cemetery in Danvers, Massachusetts. General Porter's gravestone inscription reads as follows - Battles. Although a definitive listing of the battles General Porter fought in has not been"}, {"text": "found, he probably participated in most or all of the following battles -"}, {"text": "Jo\u00e3o Elias Manamana (born 12 December 1973) is a Rwandan former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He was capped for the Rwanda national football team and played at the 2004 African Cup of Nations."}, {"text": "Hibbertia diffusa, commonly known as wedge guinea flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a prostrate to low-lying shrub with glabrous stems, egg-shaped to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and bright yellow flowers arranged on the ends of branchlets, with twenty to twenty-five stamens arranged around two or three carpels. Description. \"Hibbertia diffusa\" is a prostrate to low-lying shrub that typically grows to a height of up to and usually has glabrous stems. The leaves are egg-shaped to lance-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, long and wide on a short petiole. The flowers are sessile and mostly arranged on the ends of branchlets, the five sepals long and the five bright yellow petals long. There are twenty to twenty-five stamens arranged in groups around the two or three glabrous carpels. Flowering occurs from September to November. Taxonomy. \"Hibbertia diffusa\" was first formally described in 1817 by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in his \"Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale\" from an unpublished description by Robert Brown. Distribution and habitat. Wedge guinea flower grows in open forest on the coast and ranges of south-eastern Queensland, New"}, {"text": "South Wales and far north-eastern Victoria."}, {"text": "The Nigerian Chieftaincy is the chieftaincy system that is native to Nigeria. Consisting of everything from the country's monarchs to its titled family elders, the chieftaincy as a whole is one of the oldest continuously existing institutions in Nigeria and is legally recognized by its government. History. Nigerian pre-colonial states tended to be organized as city-states. The empires that did exist, like the Kanem-Borno empire, the Oyo empire, the Benin empire and the Sokoto caliphate, were essentially coalitions of these individual city-states. Due to this, a great deal of local power was concentrated in the hands of rulers that remained almost permanently in their capitals. These rulers had sacred functions - a number of them were even considered to be sacred themselves - and therefore often lived in seclusion as a result. Their nobles, both hereditary and otherwise, typically also had functions that were tied to the religious traditions of the kingdoms that they served. In the South, the nobles ruled the states on a day-to-day basis on behalf of their monarchs by way of a series of initiatory secret societies. These bodies combined the aforementioned priestly functions with judicial ones, and also traditionally provided advisers to the monarchs in"}, {"text": "question. Some of these societies, like \"Ogboni\" and \"Nze na Ozo\", have survived to the present day as aristocratic social clubs within their respective tribes. Meanwhile, in the North, the emirates of the old caliphate were usually divided into districts, and these districts were in turn ruled by nobles known as \"Hakimi\" (pl. \"Hakimai\") that were subject to the monarchs. As a general rule titles did not always pass from father to son; many royal and noble families did however provide a number of titleholders over several generations. In the south, the titles held by nobles were often not the same ones as those that had been held by others in their lineages. Some chiefs had even been untitled slaves, and therefore had had no titled forebears prior to their eventual ascension to the ranks of the aristocracy. Although dominated by the titled men mentioned above, several kingdoms also had parallel traditions of exclusively-female title societies that operated in partnership with their male counterparts. Others would reserve specially created titles, such as the Yoruba \"Iyalode\", for their womenfolk. During the early European forays into Africa, Nigerian chiefs - both monarchs and nobles - came to be divided into two opposing"}, {"text": "camps: the anti-European chiefs on the one end (who wanted nothing to do with the Europeans and wanted them to leave, by war if necessary) and the pro-European chiefs (who favoured maintaining friendly relations with the Europeans, even if it meant sacrificing certain amounts of political power). At the point of the increase in British influence in Nigeria during the 19th century, the anti-European chiefs used a variety of tactics to work against foreign influence, utilizing both direct and indirect forms. The colonial government responded by favouring the pro-European chiefs and supporting more amenable claimants to the Nigerian titles in an attempt to frustrate the anti-European chiefs. Minor wars were fought with the anti-European chiefs, while pro-European chiefs prospered through trade with Britain and so were politically safe as a result. During the Scramble for Africa, anti-European chiefs were slowly replaced with pro-European ones, and Colonial Nigeria came to be governed by a system known as indirect rule, which involved native chiefs becoming part of the administrative structure to ease administrative costs. Through this method, the colonial government was able to avoid any rebellions against its authority. Following Nigeria's independence in 1960, each federated unit of the country had a"}, {"text": "House of Chiefs, which was part of its lawmaking system. These houses have since been replaced by the largely ceremonial Councils of Traditional Rulers. In addition, many of the founding fathers and mothers of the First Republic - including the leading troika of Chief Nnamdi Azikiwe, Chief Obafemi Awolowo and Alhaji Sir Ahmadu Bello - were all royals or nobles in the Nigerian chieftaincy system. This has continued to operate since their time as a locally controlled honours system alongside its nationally controlled counterpart, which is itself within the gift of the Federal Government. Today. Today, many prominent Nigerians aspire to the holding of a title. Both Chief Olusegun Obasanjo and Alhaji Umaru Musa Yar'Adua, one-time presidents of Nigeria, have belonged to the noble stratum of the Nigerian chieftaincy. Nigerian traditional rulers and their titled subordinates currently derive their powers from various Chiefs' Laws, which are official parts of the body of contemporary Nigerian laws. As a result, the highly ranked amongst them typically receive staffs of office - and by way of them official recognition - from the governors of the states of the Federation as the culminations of their coronation and investiture rites. Thus installed, they then have"}, {"text": "the power to install inferior chiefs themselves. Chieftaincy titles are often of differing grades, and are usually ranked according to a variety of diverse factors. Whether or not they are recognized by the government, whether they are traditionally powerful or purely honorary, what the relative positions of the title societies that they belong to (if any) are in the royal orders of precedence, their relative antiquity, how expensive they are to acquire, whether or not they are hereditary, and a number of other such customary determinants are commonly used to ascribe hierarchical positions. A number of kingdoms also make use of colour-coded regalia to denote either allegiance to particular title societies or individual rank within them. Examples of this phenomenon include the \"Red-Capped Chiefs\" of Igboland and the \"White-Capped Chiefs\" of Lagos, each the highest ranked group of noble chiefs in its respective sub-system. Diaspora chieftaincy. The modern chieftaincy system often includes diaspora chieftaincy \u2014 the establishment of a traditional leader role to represent migrant minority communities within a traditional state. Diaspora chieftaincy is a relatively recent development within the chieftaincy system, emerging in the second half of the twentieth century; these diaspora chiefs serve as traditional authorities for non-indigene"}, {"text": "ethnic groups in the traditional states covering major cities, often acting as intermediaries between their communities and the local political system. Diaspora chieftaincy originates from migrant hometown associations that sought formal representation within host communities. For example, in the Kano Emirate, the Oba of the local Yoruba community was appointed in 1974 as the first diaspora chief, followed by the Eze Igbo in 1988. Additionally, diaspora chiefs can be appointed for non-indigenous Nigerian groups, seen in the Kano Emirate appointment of the Wakilin Yan China for the Chinese community in the city in 2019. Diaspora chiefs are typically selected based on their status within the minority community, often wealthy business figures or influential leaders in hometown associations. Unlike hereditary traditional rulers, they do not necessarily come from royal lineages but gain legitimacy through community endorsement and recognition by local authorities. The role typically includes organizing cultural events, advocating for the interests of their communities, and negotiating access to public resources. The rise of diaspora chieftaincy has been met with both support and criticism. Proponents argue the appointments provide non-indigene communities with a voice in local governance by increasing the likelihood of their inclusion in decision-making processes. However, scholars have debated"}, {"text": "whether diaspora chiefs genuinely empower their communities or merely reinforce their status as second-class citizens. Opponents contend that by operating within the traditional governance framework, diaspora chiefs can unintentionally legitimize the exclusion of their communities from full political participation. Despite these debates, diaspora chieftaincy continues to expand, with similar structures emerging among Nigerian immigrant communities abroad. References and sources."}, {"text": "The implementation of sound technology by Drum Corps International is a phenomenon in the twenty-first century marching arts. Since 2004, many corps have used electronics to amplify, alter, and add to the sound of their ensembles. Technology in Drum Corps can be divided into the categories of amplification and electronic instrumentation. Amplification and electronics were prohibited by Drum Corps International (DCI) for decades. Once these technologies were approved, however, they swiftly changed the landscape of music selection, instrumentation, and show design in drum corps. Modern corps use microphones and speakers to support their sound. They rely less on acoustic instruments, using electronics like synthesizers to create sound and imitate instruments inaccessible to the activity. History. Though amplification and electronic instruments were used in other areas of the marching arts long before, such sound and music technology was not permitted by DCI in the twentieth century; the use of it would result in direct penalties. Thus, technology was largely non-existent. Before any rule changes occurred, discussion over whether electronics should be allowed in drum corps was present. One corps, the Boston Crusaders, even used a synthesizer in their 1985 production despite the rule. The corps, playing the \"Beverly Hills Cop\" theme"}, {"text": "on the electronic instrument, received a two-point penalty at semi-finals, resulting in a 20th-place finish. Former director of The Cadets, George Hopkins, first proposed ruling for amplification and electronic instruments in 1989. After years of rejection and discussion, these two categories were finally divided into separate issues. In the winter of 2003 (for implementation in the 2004 season), the DCI Board of Directors approved the use of only amplification in a 12\u20138 vote. In the following 2004 season, nine of the top twelve corps used amplification. By 2005, amplification was employed by every corps participating in DCI Finals. As a separate ruling, the use of electronic instruments was permitted as part of a new section appended to the rule book in January 2009. Some of the exact text of the section reads as follows. \"4.8 Use of Electronic Equipment 4.8.1 Terminology: - \u201cMusic\u201d (or \u201cMusical\u201d) shall be defined as the organization of melodic, harmonic and/or rhythmic sound through time. - An \u201cElectronic Instrument\u201d shall be defined as any pieces of electronic equipment that produces a \u201cMusical\u201d sound.\" \"4.8.2 Music from Electronic Instruments is allowed given that the Music is being performed live, in real time during the performance.\" The section"}, {"text": "also defines and prohibits prerecorded music sequences and loops. It does, however, allow for the use of prerecorded sound effects and speaking voices, given that permission is obtained where there is copyright. After this ruling, many corps began experimenting on the integration of electronic instruments into the traditional sound of brass and battery in drum corps. Technology. Microphones. Various types of microphones are used in drum corps for the purposes of amplification and digital sound processing. In the front ensemble, mics are mounted on the top and/or bottom of large instruments like marimbas and vibraphones; additionally, standing mics are positioned as to assist the sound of auxiliary percussion instruments. On the field, some members of the brass section are equipped with personal microphones which can be remotely toggled for the purposes of solos and short features. Another type of microphone, the shotgun mic, came into widespread use starting in 2017. Shotgun microphones allow for capturing highly directional, long distance sound along their axis, blocking sound on the sides. In a modern drum corps performance, these are commonly lined along the front sideline and covered with windscreens. They are primarily used for strategically accenting section features at distinct locations on the"}, {"text": "field at any time. Mixers. Before being run to speakers, sound from the field is often put through a digital or analog mixer board, which includes faders and mutes to adjust volume and process audio. Examples of mixers used in drum corps are the PreSonus StudioLive RM mixer and CS18AI control surface. Speakers. Speakers, though they pose many problems of uneven sound across stadium seating and in judging boxes, can be found in nearly every modern drum corps show. Most commonly, cables run from mounted and standing microphones to several stacks of speakers along the sideline on either side of the pit. There has, however, been experimentation with respect to speaker placement by several corps. Speakers have temporarily been placed in front and within the front ensemble. The Blue Devils tried for a few years to mount powered speakers and mixers to large mallet instruments. The 2009 Blue Knights positioned speakers behind performance space for the effect of surround sound. Corps currently employ point source speakers, though Michael Dunwoody (the Blue Devils' sound reinforcement consultant) and others see a shift to small format line array speaker systems in the future. Line source speakers would allow for a more even, authentic"}, {"text": "wash of sound across audiences. Application. Impact. The use of technology has changed the musical landscape of world class drum corps. The low registers of keyboards and synths are used to support low brass sections in many shows, leading to an overall more bass-heavy sound in modern drum corps. In the past, mallet percussion instruments like marimbas, vibraphones, and xylophones had to be played with hard rubber, plastic, brass, or aluminum mallets in order to be heard over the brass section. The keys had to be struck forcefully, with large stick height. This drastically affected both the quality of sound and the technique of the percussionists. With the introduction of amplification, different playing techniques could be employed while soft felt mallets were added to the performance arsenal. This broadened musical selection to more delicate styles in drum corps, and it brought out much of the native acoustic sound of mallet instruments. In addition, hand instruments like bongo and conga could be played and heard with traditional technique rather than with hard felt mallets. These changes, along with the use of keyboard sampling, expanded the range of instrumentation and musical selection. Drum corps were able to sample more exotic instruments and"}, {"text": "sounds. Piano, organ, strings, narration, ship horns, and natural sounds like running water are all included in the vast array of sonic enhancement for modern drum corps. With these tools, storytelling became a more popular style in drum corps shows. Additionally, members had to be added to drum corps in the form of synthesizer players and sound engineers who use mixer boards to control microphones and amplification. In 2000, most front ensembles in DCI Finals had 8 or 9 members, with the most being 12. By 2013, most had 12 to 15, and the number is only growing."}, {"text": "A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Goulburn on 13 June 1861 because of the resignation of Charles Walsh. Walsh stated that he had been elected to support the Land Bills, which would open up the free selection of Crown land, and the Legislative Council Bill which would replace the nominated council with an elected body. These bills had not been passed by the Legislative Council and the Premier Charles Cowper had arranged for 21 new members to be appointed to the council. Walsh stated that as the bills \"will be carried through both branches of the legislature, and become the law of the land\" he therefore resigned as the tasks had been achieved. It is unclear when Walsh wrote the letter, because on 10 May 1861, before the new members had been sworn in, Sir William Burton the President of the Legislative Council, announced his resignation and left the chambers, followed by the 13 members of the opposition. Under the standing orders of the council in the absence of the President or the Chairman of Committees, George Allen, the council was adjourned until the next sitting day. As there was no further sitting"}, {"text": "day before the council was prorogued on 13 May 1861 the bills were not passed. Aftermath. The Robertson Land Acts were ultimately passed by both houses and became law in October 1861. The Legislative Council Bill was not passed and the Council did not become a directly elected body until after the 1978 referendum."}, {"text": "The Moyer Row Houses are two historic two-story row houses in Omaha, Nebraska. They were built in 1904, and designed in the Renaissance Revival architectural style. They have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 12, 2008."}, {"text": "The men's elimination race competition at the 2019 UEC European Track Championships was held on 16 October 2019."}, {"text": "Former St. Matthias' Episcopal Church, now known as the Dietz United Methodist Church, is a historic church in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. It was built in 1888 for the Episcopal Church, and designed in the Romanesque Revival and Gothic Revival styles by architect John H.W. Hawkins. It was acquired by the United Methodist Church in 1920. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 23, 1980."}, {"text": "Clarence McKinney (born December 26, 1970) is an American football coach. He was the head football coach at Texas Southern University from 2019-2023, and has served as an assistant coach for Houston Cougars, Texas A&M Aggies, and Arizona Wildcats. Early years. McKinney played football at Montana State for three years before transferring to the University of Mary Marauders, where he achieved a bachelor's degree in elementary education. Coaching career. McKinney's first head coaching job was at Jack Yates High School in Houston, Texas, where he compiled a record of 30\u20138. McKinney then began a long tenure as an assistant for Kevin Sumlin, being on Sumlin's staffs at Houston, Texas A&M, and Arizona. McKinney was named the head coach of Texas Southern on December 3, 2018. Influences. In addition to Kevin Sumlin, McKinney said he learned from Dana Holgorsen and Kliff Kingsbury."}, {"text": "Miriam Stannage (1939\u20132016) was an Australian conceptual artist. She was known for her work in painting, printmaking and photography, and participated in many group and solo exhibitions, receiving several awards over her career. Her work was also featured in two Biennales and two major retrospective exhibitions. Biography. Miriam Stannage was born in 1939 in Northam, Western Australia to Helen and James Stannage. Her younger brother was the historian Tom Stannage (1944\u20132012). In 1943, Stannage and her parents moved to Perth where Stannage was based for most of her life and began her career as a self-trained artist. At age 15, she left school to undertake a secretarial job and, later, trained in nursing. In 1962 and 1963, Stannage travelled extensively, visiting Europe, the USA and Canada. Upon her return, she began taking art classes at the University of Western Australia (UWA), where she studied under William Boissevain, and later with Henry Froudist in 1965. That same year Stannage opened her own art gallery, Rhode Gallery, in Perth, where she worked and exhibited for two years. Within this time, she became a Secretary of the Western Australian Contemporary Art Society, and after her first solo exhibitions in Perth, Miriam began teaching"}, {"text": "in 1971 with the Education Department of Western Australia. In 1980, Stannage married fellow artist and UWA lecturer Tom Gibbons, and the two shared a 30-year partnership in which they worked together to support the creative culture in Perth. In July 2016, a monograph of Stannage's life and work was published. Shortly after, on 11 September, Stannage died. Career. Throughout her almost 50-year career, Stannage produced a varied and eclectic body of work, encompassing collage, photography, print-making, and text-based works. Stannage first rose to prominence through the 1982 Sydney Biennale and the 1992 Adelaide Biennale, as well as her solo shows at the Art Gallery of Western Australia. She was awarded an honorary doctorate from Curtin University, as well as being declared a \u2018State Living Treasure\u2019 in Western Australia. Over the course of her career, Stannage received several awards including the Albany Art Prize, the Georges Invitation Art Prize for drawing and the Power Institute residency at Cit\u00e9 Internationale des Arts in Paris. Seven of Stannage's works have been featured in the Cruthers Collection of Women's Art. Stannage favoured simple structure and minimal use of form in her works, opting instead for text and collaged tableaux. She has been described"}, {"text": "as having \u2018minimalist sensibilities.\u2019 Her subject matter was engaged with contemporary events and news reportage, often utilising and subverting the visual language of newspapers and magazines. While her body of work is extensive, Stannage\u2019s works always maintained their collage aesthetic, and were always founded upon her ongoing exploration of existential themes such as mortality, the spiritual and a quest for the meaning of life. Her work often centres the uncomfortable and emotive, in particular the heightened emotional impacts of conflict, destruction and disasters. In 2001, following the September 11 attacks, Stannage shifted her focus strictly to the event, making works which spoke to the random nature of terrorist attacks and the interplay of monotony and death. In response to the attacks, she produced a collection of postage stamps which centred on concepts of stilled time, such as a clockface frozen at the moment of impact. At the time of her death in 2016, Stannage\u2019s works were held in various state and national collections, including the Australian National Gallery in Canberra and the Art Gallery of Western Australia. Selected exhibitions. \"Miriam Stannage: Solo,\" Old Fire Station Gallery, Perth, Western Australia. \"Bunbury Art Prize\", City of Bunbury, Western Australia. \"Albany Art Prize,\""}, {"text": "Albany, Western Australia. \"Miriam Stannage: Solo,\" Hogarth Galleries, Sydney. \"Boxes (Group Exhibition),\" Ewing Gallery, Melbourne. \"Grid Show,\" Ewing Gallery, University of Melbourne. \"Art and the Creative Woman,\" Royal Society of Arts, Adelaide. \"\u2018It\u2019s Great to be an Australian Woman?\u2019,\" Hogarth Galleries, Sydney. \"Annual Exhibition,\" Printmakers Association of WA, Undercroft Gallery, Perth. \"Ten Western Australian Print-Makers (Group Exhibition),\" Art Gallery of Western Australia, Perth. \"Miriam Stannage,\" Quentin Gallery, Perth. \"Perception: Miriam Stannage,\" Australian Centre for Contemporary Art, Melbourne. \"Sensations: Miriam Stannage,\" John Curtin Gallery, Perth. \"Miriam Stannage: Survey 2006\u20132016\", University of Western Australia\u2019s Lawrence Wilson Art Gallery, Perth."}, {"text": "The 2018 San Jose mayoral election was held on June 5, 2018, to elect the Mayor of San Jose, California. Since incumbent mayor Sam Liccardo received over 50% of the vote in the primary election there was no need for a run-off election in November. Municipal elections in California are officially non-partisan."}, {"text": "Elk Ridge (population: 128) is a resort village in the District of Lakeland No. 521, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is on Saskatchewan Highway 264 approximately north of Prince Albert and north of Saskatoon. History. Elk Ridge was established as an organized hamlet on January 31, 2016. On June 10, 2021, an order was approved to incorporate Elk Ridge as a resort village effective January 1, 2022. Demographics. According to Statistics Canada, Elk Ridge had a population of 128 in 2021. A municipal census conducted in 2019 counted 112 permanent residents, 371 seasonal residents, and 203 temporary residents. Government. The election of the first council for the Resort Village of Elk Ridge will occur on September 4, 2021."}, {"text": "Gromoslavka () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Gromoslavskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 582 as of 2010. There are 22 streets. Geography. Gromoslavka is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the Myshkova River, 32 km north of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ivanovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zhutovo 1-ye () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Kovalyovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 566 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Zhutovo 1-ye is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the right bank of the Aksay River, 17 km east of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kovalevka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zhutovo 2-ye () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Zhutovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 754 as of 2010 census. There are 10 streets. Geography. Zhutovo 2-ye is located in steppe, on Yergeni, 37 km southeast of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Samokhino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zalivsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Zalivskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 896 as of 2010. There are 14 streets. Geography. Zalivsky is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the left bank of the Aksay Yesaulovsky River, 17 kilometers west of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Chikov is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Ivanovka () is a rural locality (a \"selo\") and the administrative center of Ivanovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 511 in 2010. There are 16 streets. Geography. The village is located in steppe on Yergeni, on the Myshkova River, from Volgograd and from Oktyabrsky."}, {"text": "Ilmen-Suvorovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Ilmenskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 787 as of 2010. There are 10 streets. Geography. Ilmen-Suvorovsky is located in steppe, on the east bank of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, 70 km northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Molokanovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kamenka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kovalyovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 129 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. The village is located in steppe, on Yergeni, 150 km from Volgograd, 23 km from Oktyabrsky, 9 km from Zhutovo-1."}, {"text": "The Isaac Ben Walid Synagogue (; ; ), is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the \"mellah\" of Tetuan, Morocco. History. The synagogue is named after Rabbi Isaac Bengualid (1777\u20131870), author of the 2-volume \"Vayomer Yitzhak\", a history of the Jews of Tetuan. Rabbi Bengualid was a prominent member of Tetuan's Jewish community, which comprised about 4,200 members at the time, and was considered the center of the Moroccan Sephardic community. The Isaac Ben Walid Synagogue was built in the new \"mellah\" south of the medina of Tetuan, created when Sultan Slimane decided to build a grand mosque on the location of the old mellah. At the time, Tetuan was the heart of the Sephardi community in Morocco and it had 16 synagogues. Its second floor served as a yeshiva, and it also contained a mikveh for women and an oven for the preparation of matzah. The synagogue held its last regular service in 1968, and it is currently only used for guided visits or for pilgrimages of former residents during hiloulot; the Moroccan Jewish Community transformed it into a museum. In 2001, the AECID and the Junta of Andalusia financed the restoration of the synagogue, in cooperation"}, {"text": "with the Municipality of T\u00e9touan, the Foundation for Moroccan Jewish Cultural Heritage and the Bengualid family, which still owns the building."}, {"text": "VSCO girls or VSCO kids () are members of a youth subculture or fashion trend that emerged among Gen Z teenagers around mid-to-late 2019. Named after the VSCO photography app, VSCO girls are described by some as \"dress[ing] and act[ing] in a way that is nearly indistinguishable from one another\", using oversized T-shirts, sweatshirts or sweaters, Fj\u00e4llr\u00e4ven K\u00e5nkens, scrunchies, Hydro Flasks, Crocs, Pura Vida bracelets, instant cameras, Carmex, metal straws, friendship bracelets, Birkenstocks, shell necklaces, and other beach-related fashion. Environmentalism, especially topics relating to sea turtle conservation, is also regarded as part of VSCO culture. Fashion trends. Clothing. VSCO girls often wear oversized T-shirts, hoodies, sweatshirts, or sweaters that are sometimes long enough to cover their shorts. Though VSCO girls are primarily associated with wearing shorts, such as Nike track shorts or cycling shorts, some also wear capri and ankle length leggings many times with socks over the leggings, T-shirt dresses, denim skirts, dresses and skirts with tights or leggings in cooler weather, shortalls, and \"mom jeans\" with t-shirts, sweaters, sweatshirts, tucked in and a belt worn as part of their style. Nike socks are popular in many different colors. Shoes popular with VSCO girls include Birkenstocks, Vans, Keds, other"}, {"text": "white sneakers, and ballet flats. They often decorate Crocs with charms. Black and white checkered slip-on Vans are also popular. The \"ugly shoe trend\" popularized many of these styles. Accessories. VSCO outfits will often include scrunchies on the wrist and Pura Vida bracelets or similar handmade friendship bracelets. Puka shell chokers are another popular accessory. Hydro Flask water bottles, often decorated with sea turtle conservation-themed stickers, are popular among VSCO girls. These bottles are often paired with reusable straws. VSCO girls often use instant cameras and Fj\u00e4llr\u00e4ven backpacks. Makeup and hair. Makeup is often kept simple for a natural, 'no-makeup' makeup look. VSCO girl hairstyles have been described by many as low maintenance. Many VSCO girls often wear a messy bun with a scrunchie or a ponytail with a scrunchie and sometimes bangs with the bun or ponytail scrunchie combo, or beach waves. Common cosmetics include Burt's Bees and Carmex lip balm, blush, such as Glossier Cloud Paint, and skincare products, such as Mario Badescu's Facial Spray. VSCO girls are sometimes identified as an opposition to the heavy make-up and unnatural perfection commonly associated with Instagram. Brands. Among VSCO girls, use of the same brand-name products is a major component"}, {"text": "of the subculture. Popular brands include Pura Vida, Hydro Flask, Nike, Brandy Melville, Lululemon Athletica, Fj\u00e4llr\u00e4ven, and Urban Outfitters. There is controversy about the high cost of products associated with VSCO girls, especially due to the emphasis on brand-name products. Fox Business estimates buying all of the products associated with the subculture would cost $229.89. Some teenagers associate the look with private schools and wealth. Social media. VSCO subculture emerged on and was named after the photo editing app, and spread to TikTok (notably), as well as Instagram and YouTube. Many parodies of VSCO girls, often by the subculture itself, exist. Roisin Lanigan of \"I-D\" believes this points to empowerment rather than mocking. As of August 2019, \"The New York Times\" found \"more than 422.4 million videos tagged #vscogirl on TikTok, most of them parodies\". On August 30, 2019, TikTok added a VSCO girl filter, which included a water bottle decorated with stickers and a side ponytail with scrunchies. \"Elle\" credits YouTuber Emma Chamberlain with popularizing the VSCO girl aesthetic. Environmental concern. There are differing opinions on VSCO girls' environmental concerns. While products like Birkenstocks, metal straws, and Hydro Flasks are associated with environmentalism, some view VSCO girls as only"}, {"text": "caring about the environment when convenient, pointing to the popularity of the disposable cameras that inspired the popular filters on VSCO."}, {"text": "Kapkinka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Vasilyevskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 99 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Kapkinka is located on Yergeni, on the Myshkova River, 33 km northeast of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vasilyevka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kovalyovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kovalyovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 308 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Kovalyovka is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the bank of the Aksay River, 19 km southeast of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zhutovo 1-ye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Molokanovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Ilmenskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 113 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Molokanovsky is located on Yergeni, 73 km northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ilmen-Suvorovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Crestron Electronics (or simply Crestron) is an American privately held multinational corporation that manufactures and distributes control automation and integration technology. The company designs, manufactures, and distributes equipment used to control technology in commercial audiovisual environments such as meeting spaces, conference rooms, classrooms and auditoriums. Crestron equipment is also used for high-end residential audiovisual installations, built on the company's Crestron Home OS. History. Crestron was founded by George Feldstein in 1972. After graduating from New York University with a master's in electronic engineering, Feldstein worked as chief engineer at a firm that built industrial control and testing equipment. He left in 1969 to start his own business. He began by cold-calling other businesses, offering to build or repair their equipment. His company's first job was for Colgate-Palmolive, building a device to help automated assembly lines put the right amount of powder into boxes of detergent. An early milestone was the company's development of a wireless remote for commercial audiovisual systems, which led to work developing audio switches, video projectors, and lighting control panels, and selling integrated audiovisual systems to businesses and universities. After George Feldstein's death in 2014, Randy Klein was named Crestron's CEO and president. In December 2021, Klein"}, {"text": "retired, and Dan Feldstein took over as CEO and president. In May 2022, Crestron unveiled the company's engineering base, the George Feldstein Technology Center in Rockleigh. Crestron Certification began in 1998, which evolved into the Crestron Masters program in 2001. Crestron Masters is an annual certification and training event where programmers, technology architects, and systems designers are trained in the latest Crestron technology, industry best practices, and distribution strategies, with various levels of certification offered. Originally headquartered in Cresskill, New Jersey, Crestron is now headquartered in Rockleigh, New Jersey, with over 90 offices worldwide. Products. The company does not sell its products directly, instead using a network of dealers and integrators to sell products to end users. Crestron equipment can be found in homes, offices, universities, government buildings, churches, and healthcare facilities worldwide. The company offers commercial business solutions for enterprise, education, and government, including conference room technology, video distribution, XiO cloud management software, and network security. One such offering is Crestron Flex, a line that integrates video conferencing, wireless presentation, and smart room control. Crestron has been noted for envisioning \"the workplace of the future,\" helping to design workspaces for companies including Meta, Microsoft, and Johnson & Johnson. The"}, {"text": "company also offers technology solutions for residential, hospitality, marine, and multi-dwelling units industries using their own operating system, Crestron Home OS. Crestron Home is used to configure and control home automation devices. It integrates with Amazon Alexa, Siri, and Google Home. Crestron Home OS can be customized for each homeowner, based on user preferences. Mark Zuckerberg's smart home technology, Jarvis, is built on top of smart home technology by Crestron. It uses Crestron to provide a way for Jarvis's app to speak to lights, thermostats, and doors. Starting in 2016, Crestron donated audiovisual and automation technology to Orbis International's Flying Eye Hospital, an eye care hospital located onboard an aircraft that flies to underserved areas to treat patients at risk of losing their sight. The Crestron technology helps enable staff to operate on these patients and gives local doctors the opportunity to be trained in a classroom onboard the plane. It is the world's first such hospital. Crestron Electronics hosted its Modern Work Summit on latest workplace trends at the Madrid Marriott Auditorium Hotel and Conference Center in Spain on May 23 and 24, 2023, and featured presentations from Microsoft, Zoom and Gensler. Acquisitions. Crestron announced partnerships with Huddly in"}, {"text": "2017 and with Shure and Jabra in 2021. In 2022, Crestron acquired 1 Beyond, a video technology company."}, {"text": "Nizhnekumsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Shebalinovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 217 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Nizhnekumsky is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the left bank of the Myshkova River, 39 km northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Chernomorovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Novoaksaysky () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Novoaksayskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 742 as of 2010. There are 9 streets. Geography. Novoaksaysky is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the right bank of the Aksay River, 35 km west of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Generalovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Beartown (original title in ) is a novel by Swedish writer Fredrik Backman. The novel, noted as \"hockey literature\", centers on a declining youth hockey team in a small town. The story follows the events leading up to a violent incident involving two teenagers and the consequences that they face, the hockey players, their families, friends, and the community which has a long-standing reputation as a hockey town. It is the first book in the \"Beartown\" series, followed by \"Us Against You\" and \"The Winners\". Plot. The junior hockey team is the backbone of the small town of Beartown, where a win in the national games would mean more resources given to the team. The star of the team is 17-year-old Kevin Erdahl, whose talent is so outstanding that the entire junior team has been built around him since he was about seven years old. Peter Andersson is the General Manager of the team, and the new coach is David, after the previous coach was fired by the council for not focusing on winning enough. Peter's family consists of his wife Kira, and his children Maya and Leo. Maya is close friends with another girl, Ana. The novel opens with"}, {"text": "the team and the community preparing for a key semi-final game. Recognizing that lack of speed is a weakness, senior team coach Sune and David agree to add underage junior Amat to improve their chances. Amat is grateful to be on the team, especially for his mother, who works as a cleaner. Beartown wins the semi-final, at least partly because the opposing team was not prepared to defend Amat's speed. On the night of the semi-final victory, Kevin's parents are out of town. This gives Kevin the opportunity to host a big party for his team and many other teenagers from the community. At the party, many of the teenagers are drinking and indulging in marijuana use and the team members boast about having sex with the supportive female fans. Maya and Kevin sneak off to an upstairs bedroom to make out. Maya resists Kevin's advances, and he proceeds to rape her. Amat, himself drunk and harboring feelings for Maya, stumbles in to witness the rape. Maya takes advantage of Amat's intrusion to free herself from Kevin. Maya has had a crush on Kevin for some time and is devastated by his attack. She struggles to cope for a week,"}, {"text": "knowing that reporting the crime will tear the town apart. After a week from her rape, she tells her parents, who are furious and immediately report the crime to the police. Kevin is pulled from playing in the final happening that day, to the anger and shock of the rest of the team. They play the final without Kevin and lose. As the news spread of Maya's accusation and the team's loss in the final, many people in the town turn against Maya's family. Kevin's father believes that Maya's accusation is a lie and that Peter, out of jealousy, intentionally reported it the day of the final to cause the team to lose. Kevin's father pushes the sponsors and the council board to fire Peter. He also attempts to bribe Amat into silence by giving his mother a better job, but his mother refuses, telling him to be honest. The hockey club holds a vote to decide whether Peter should be fired from his position as General Manager. Amat testifies as a witness on how he saw Kevin rape Maya, much to the anger of the rest of the team. The town's barkeep believes Maya and Amat's story and convinces"}, {"text": "a large group of hockey fans to vote in Peter's favor, resulting in Peter keeping his job. However, David is frustrated with Peter's \u201cmixing of politics and hockey\u201d and moves to a neighboring town, bringing with him Kevin and most of the team, along with the town's sponsors. Only Amat, and three other players stay back to support Beartown. The rape case against Kevin is dropped due to insufficient evidence. Maya continues to suffer distress and decides she must either kill herself or kill Kevin to be relieved of the pain. Late at night, Maya surprises Kevin with a shotgun and forces him to kneel in front of her. Maya thrusts the gun to a whimpering Kevin's forehead and pulls the trigger, but he doesn't die as she intentionally didn't load the gun. Maya reasons that the fear Kevin felt at the moment she pulled the trigger will continue to haunt him for the rest of his life, just as the rape will haunt her. In the end, the events of the subsequent ten years are sketched out. Maya is a popular guitarist and has a chance encounter with Kevin (who is now married). Maya recognizes Kevin and realizes she"}, {"text": "can expose him in public but chooses not to. When he leaves shaken, his wife asks him who Maya is, and Kevin tells her the whole truth. Television adaptation. In 2020, a five-episode miniseries adaptation called \"Bj\u00f6rnstad\" was added to HBO Nordic. The series premiered as \"Beartown\" on HBO in North America on February 22, 2021. It received generally positive reviews from critics. It is no longer available on HBO in the US. In 2022 with the occasion of the launch of Skyshowtime service streaming platform, Showtime gained from HBO over 20 TV series including the Beartown series."}, {"text": "Novoromashkin () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Novoaksayskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 16 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Novoromashkin is located on the north bank of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, 93 km northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pugachyovskaya is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Peregruznoye () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Peregruznenskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 674 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Peregruznoye is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the left bank of the Rossosh River, 32 km east of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Aksay is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Hungry Beach is situated beside Cowan Creek and the Hawkesbury River in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park in the northern part of Sydney, Australia. The north facing beach is about one kilometre from the ruins of the Flint & Steel Guesthouse. The beach is protected by steep cliffs. Above the beach are caves and middens, and a small densely vegetated gully with a fresh water stream. Access to the beach is by private boat; there is no formal bushwalking track but the beach can be reached by foot from Flint and Steel Bay. Hungry Beach was known as a fishing area, particularly for shark, turtle and mulloway. In 1936, \"The Sydney Mail\" reported that an indigenous man was shot dead by shark fishermen at Hungry Beach. The newspaper says he was the last surviving member of the Barrenjoey people. In 1899, the wreckage of the steam launch \"Hatte\", lying on Hungry Beach was sold for \u00a325. The beach allegedly gets its name from a fisherman who became hungry, waiting for three days for a large shark to leave the area. Previously, the shark attacked his rowboat while fishing. Royal Australian Navy in World War Two. Offshore and nearby, are concrete and"}, {"text": "brick relics of \"Indicator Loop & Controlled Mining Station number 285\", constructed by the Royal Australian Navy during world war two. Mines were laid in this area. An indicator loop was an electrically charged cable, used to indicate shipping movements. In this case, the cable was situated from Hungry Beach to Juno Point at Patonga, two kilometres distant on the opposite side of the Hawkesbury River. The cable was used in the detection of Japanese submarines and to protect the railway bridge. An infra red photo electric beam shone 2.6 kilometres from Hungry Point to the Central Coast, in order to detect enemy shipping. A government auction sale was held in August 1945 for building related articles at Hungry Beach. Items included a 61 foot long mess hut, a 42 foot long sleeping hut, hot water boiler, 1,000 gallon tank, 300 gallon tank and stand, fuel range with double oven, doors, windows and linings. As well as fittings from the brick power hut, a latrine, moorings and a 25 by 7 foot boat."}, {"text": "Franti\u0161ek \u010cerm\u00e1k (5 September 1822, Prague \u2013 4 May 1884, Prague) was a Czech painter, art professor and rector at the Academy of Fine Arts, Prague. He is primarily known for historical genre scenes. Life and work. From 1837 to 1842, he studied painting at the Academy of Fine Arts with Christian Ruben and Franti\u0161ek Tkadl\u00edk. This was followed by several study trips to Germany, Italy, Dalmatia, France and Belgium. He then spent a year studying figure drawing with Gustaf Wappers in Antwerp, after which he found a position in the studios of Thomas Couture in Paris. When he returned to Prague, he was a professor at the Academy from 1878 until his death; serving as Rector for the years 1881-1882. He was also a member of the creative artists' forum Um\u011bleck\u00e1 beseda (roughly: Artistic discussion/words). His best-known students included Sob\u011bslav Pinkas, , Karel V\u00edt\u011bzslav Ma\u0161ek, Franti\u0161ek Dvo\u0159\u00e1k, Lud\u011bk Marold and Vojt\u011bch Barton\u011bk. He was heavily influenced by French/Belgian historical painting and produced numerous canvases designed to revive interest in Czech history. He also created altar paintings and scenes from his travels in Dalmatia."}, {"text": "Julia Church (born 25 October 1959 in London, England) is a British-born Australian artist and has works in painting, printmaking, poster art and graphic design. She is also an author, having written many books and journal articles on Australian women's art and artistic culture. Her work is held in the collection of the National Gallery of Australia. Early life and education. Julia Church was born in England on 25 October 1959. She lived in London for the first 10 years of her life until her family moved to Australia in 1969. In 1977, Church attended the Australian National University and achieved a Diploma of Art, majoring in photomedia at Canberra School of Art from 1979 to 1981. Career. Since 1981, Church has been a member of several print workshops and collectives such as Acme Ink in Canberra in 1981, Bloody Good Graffix, and Jill Posters forming in Melbourne in 1983, as well as Another Planet Posters forming in Melbourne in 1985. Her practice is based mainly in screen printing and printmaking. After being awarded an Australia Council Travel Grant, Church spent six months travelling and creating in Europe, and settled in Italy in 1990. She is still active today. Publications."}, {"text": "Church has also written many books and journal articles on Australian women's art and artistic culture. Collections. Church's work is held in the following permanent public collection:"}, {"text": "In mathematics, specifically in representation theory, a Borel subalgebra of a Lie algebra formula_1 is a maximal solvable subalgebra. The notion is named after Armand Borel. If the Lie algebra formula_1 is the Lie algebra of a complex Lie group, then a Borel subalgebra is the Lie algebra of a Borel subgroup. Borel subalgebra associated to a flag. Let formula_3 be the Lie algebra of the endomorphisms of a finite-dimensional vector space \"V\" over the complex numbers. Then to specify a Borel subalgebra of formula_4 amounts to specify a flag of \"V\"; given a flag formula_5, the subspace formula_6 is a Borel subalgebra, and conversely, each Borel subalgebra is of that form by Lie's theorem. Hence, the Borel subalgebras are classified by the flag variety of \"V\". Borel subalgebra relative to a base of a root system. Let formula_4 be a complex semisimple Lie algebra, formula_8 a Cartan subalgebra and \"R\" the root system associated to them. Choosing a base of \"R\" gives the notion of positive roots. Then formula_4 has the decomposition formula_10 where formula_11. Then formula_12 is the Borel subalgebra relative to the above setup. (It is solvable since the derived algebra formula_13 is nilpotent. It is maximal"}, {"text": "solvable by a theorem of Borel\u2013Morozov on the conjugacy of solvable subalgebras.) Given a formula_4-module \"V\", a primitive element of \"V\" is a (nonzero) vector that (1) is a weight vector for formula_8 and that (2) is annihilated by formula_16. It is the same thing as a formula_17-weight vector (Proof: if formula_18 and formula_19 with formula_20 and if formula_21 is a line, then formula_22.)"}, {"text": "Thomas W. Long was an American whaling ship master. Whaling career. Long was captain of the ship \"John and Elizabeth\" (296 tons), of New London, in 1854; the ship \"India\" (433 tons), of New London, in 1855, 1856, and 1857; the barque \"Merrimac\" (414 tons), of New London, in 1858; and the ship \"Isaac Howland\" (399 tons), of New Bedford, in 1860, 1861, 1862, and 1863. He used the schooner \"Caroline\" (106 tons), of New London and then Honolulu, as tender from 1855 to 1858 and from 1860 to 1862. He sailed to the Sea of Okhotsk each season. In 1854 he obtained 800 barrels of oil. In 1855, up to September 8, he had taken 39 whales, which produced 1,800 to 1,900 barrels of oil; and in three seasons from 1855 to 1857, he got 8,000 to 9,000 barrels of whale oil with the help of his tender \"Caroline\", mainly cruising in Tugur Bay and Academy Bay. He left the \"Caroline\" in Mamga Bay for the winter of 1856\u20131857. When he returned the following season three of the four men left with her had died, with the last expiring shortly after being taken aboard \"India\". In 1858 he caught"}, {"text": "52 whales, which produced 1,600 barrels of oil. In 1860 he caught three sperm whales outside of the Sea of Okhotsk as well as four bowhead whales in the sea, which yielded 40 and 200 barrels, respectively. In 1861 he got 1,450 barrels of whale oil and 70 of sperm, and in 1862 he caught 32 bowheads \u2013 one of which yielded 250 barrels of oil \u2013 for a total of 1,700 barrels of oil. In 1863 he was only able to obtain 600 barrels of oil. Among his commands was the barque \"Nile\". In 1867, as captain of the \"Nile\" during a whaling voyage in the North Pacific Ocean, Long entered the Chukchi Sea and sighted Wrangel Island. He described its southern shores, deeming it was a bigger landmass. Long named it \"Wrangel Land\" after Russian Navy seaman Ferdinand Wrangel (1797-1870). He also named Cape Hawaii and Cape Thomas on the same island. Death. Thomas Long died at Tiksi Bay, then known as \"Gorely Bay\", in the Laptev Sea. There is a cross there marking the site where he perished. Honors. Long Strait, connecting the East Siberian Sea and the Chukchi Sea, was named after him."}, {"text": "The 1982 San Jose mayoral election was held on June 8, 1982, to elect the mayor of San Jose, California. Tom McEnery was elected. Because McEnrery won an outright majority in the initial round of the election, no runoff election needed to be held. Incumbent mayor Janet Gray Hayes was term limited."}, {"text": "Samokhino () is a rural locality (a selo) in Zhutovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 219 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Samokhino is located in steppe, on Yergeni, 30 km southeast of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zhutovo 2-ye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sovetsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Sovetskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 280 as of 2010. There are 12 streets. Geography. The village is located in steppe, on Yergeni, 21 km northwest of Oktyabrsky."}, {"text": "Tikhy () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Aksayskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 38 as of 2010. Geography. Tikhy is located 42 km northeast of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kamenka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Chernomorovsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Shebalinovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 174 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Chernomorovsky is located on the Myshkova River, northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shebalino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Chikov () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Zalivskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 375 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. The village is located on the left bank of the Aksay Yesaulovsky River."}, {"text": "Shebalino () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Shebalinovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 763 as of 2010. There are 12 streets. Geography. Shebalino is located in steppe, on Yergeni, on the Myshkova River, 50 km northwest of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Chernomorovsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Shelestovo () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Shelestovskoye Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 910 as of 2010. There are 10 streets. Geography. Shelestovo is located 39 km east of Oktyabrsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Goncharovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vicki Varvaressos is an Australian contemporary figurative expressionist painter. Sometimes referred to as a \"transitional artist\", her painting style and subject matter has evolved throughout her career. Many of her works are of women and their experiences in Australia. Biography. Born in Sydney, Australia in 1949, Vicki Varvaressos studied at the National Art School in Sydney from 1968 to 1971 at the East Sydney Technical College. Her paintings throughout the following decade gave expression to the feminist concerns of the 1970s especially the representation of women in the media. She travelled extensively throughout Europe in 1978. In later years, her subject matter shifted towards reflecting a more personal experience. Varvaressos currently lives and works in Sydney. Early work. Vicki Varvaressos's first exhibition was held at Watters Gallery in Sydney in 1975, a gallery at which she would continue to show regularly until its closure in 2018. The first exhibition was well-received by critics, Daniel Thomas listing her among the best of the \"New Australian Faces of 1975\". By 1978 she was being characterised as \"a Sydneysider and heir to that city's tradition of funky, pop influenced art\"\u2014funk and pop being particularly identified with the Watters\u2019 stable of artists. However, more"}, {"text": "commonly her work of this period\u2014consistently figurative\u2014was described as \"expressionist\". For example the critic Nancy Borlase wrote of her first exhibition that in \"raw expressionist paintings \u2026 recognisable types, paragons of virtue or nastiness are brought to life in vivid slashes of fauve color, sometimes with devastating accuracy\". Of an exhibition in 1978, W. E. Pidgeon would describe the \"energetic combinations of brushwork, splashes, drips, broad strokes of cancellation (check) and jangling color schemes\" as reflecting \"the agitation and dissonances of our febrile age\". This \u201cagitation and dissonance\u201d was seemingly meant to represent the type of political protest characteristic of the 70s, with which many Watters artists, including Varvaressos, were identified via the imagery in their work. Later, she would describe this period. \"I was very involved in resident action and feminism. It was 1975, it was the time of our 'Bloodless Coup', they call it the dismissal, and that was reflected in the works that I was painting\" In a survey of art by Australian women in the 1970s, Janine Burke, while continuing the expressionist theme, would be more specific as to the nature of the political content of Varvaressos's work from that period. Taking up the common theme"}, {"text": "of an \u201canger\u201d animating her painting and responsible for its \u201cvitality\u201d, Burke did not see this directed at people (as had Borlase and Pidgeon) but \u201cprimarily against the false and foolish images, mostly of women, that the media spew out, that assault an audience that has been so pacified and bedazzled it will swallow whatever iniquity is thrust down its (largely unprotesting) throat. \u2026 Varvaressos reveals the ugly reality behind the beautiful fantasy of the advertising image\u2014and the potential violence that lurks within it\u201d. By the early 1980s, critics were noticing subtle changes in Varvaressos's paintings, however. Thus Sandra McGrath would describe an exhibition as containing \u201ca group of paintings in which bitter, satiric impressions of political figures (Doug Anthony and Malcolm Fraser) share the wall space with a brilliantly beautiful still-life with pears, a portrait of gallery owner Geoffrey Legge and a splendid double portrait of Thea Proctor and Maggie Preston taking tea\u201d. In 1987, Bruce Adams noted that \u201cher figurative art now focuses on a more severe and emblematic way on its formal ingredients and pictorial construction\u201d and her \u201ccritical observation of social ways\u201d had achieved a \u201cmore cool and introspective, formally reductive manner\u201d. In 1990, Janine Burke"}, {"text": "would observe that \u201cit is hard to think of another young Australian artist who handles with such assurance the gap between painterly abstraction and figuration\u201d. In 1992, Geoffrey Legge of Watters Gallery would comment that the content of her work had \u201cslipped from political corruption and patent and covert examples of social manipulation \u2026 onto observation of human nature: love, fear, dependency; the many ways we communicate or avoid communicating with one another\u201d. By the 1990s, Varvaressos was alternating exhibitions of entirely of abstract works with ones made up of figurative work, but now done in a minimal way without identifiable characters. Later work. In her work from the past two decades, her paintings evolved from figurative to highly abstracted forms. Her subject matter drew from her own emotional responses to everyday events. Her paintings employ a \"murky\" colour palette, which adds to the crudeness of her work, and her aesthetic is drawn from the inconsistencies of her life. Her paintings are formed from her head and can only be viewed wholly as an image once completed.\u201cNow that her art has evolved, keeping calm and \"\u2018just\u2019\" painting is more of a concern and \"\u2018the content has become much more internal\u2019\"\u201d"}, {"text": "- Maitland Regional Art Gallery Cultural Director: Joe Eisenberg OAMVarvaressos is represented in the collections of NGA, NGV, Artbank, AGNSW, Cruthers Collection of Women's Art, University of NSW, Wollongong Art Gallery, University of Tasmania, CBUS Collection, Gold Coast Collection and private collections in the UK, Europe, USA and Australia. Bibliography. Agapitos, James (2005). \"Interview with Vicki Varvaressos\", \"O Kosmos\" (Greek-Australian newspaper), 9 September 2005. Platyrrahos Publishing, St Peters NSW.<br> Alexakis, Effy and Janiszewski, Leonard (1998). \"In their own Image: Greek Australians\". Hale and Iremonger, Sydney.<br> Burke, Janine (1982). \"Vicki Varvaressos\", \"Art and Australia\", vol 19, no. 4, 1982, 417\u2014421.<br> Burke, Janine (1990). \"Field of Vision. A Decade of Change, Women's Art in the Seventies\", pp. 99\u2014104, Viking, Ringwood Vic. <br> Dingle, Max (2018). \"Introduction\", \"Vicki Varvaressos, Painting in the Same Language: Different Vocabulary\", Shoalhaven Regional Art Gallery, Nowra, NSW.<br> Eisenberg, Joe. (2014). \"Essay\" for \"Vicki Varvaressos: The Story So Far\", pp. 7\u201326. Maitland Regional Art Gallery, Maitland.<br> Mendelssohn, Joanna (2018). \"Vicki Varvaressos\" in \"Vicki Varvaressos, Painting in the Same Language: Different Vocabulary\". Shoalhaven Regional Art Gallery, Nowra, NSW.<br> Miller, Steven (2012) \"Dogs in Australian Art: A New History of Antipodean Creativity\", 182\u2013183, Wakefield Press, Kent Town, S.A.<br> Saxby, John (2020)."}, {"text": "\"Studio Visit: Vicki Varvaressos\", \"Look: Art Gallery of New South Wales\", pp. 66\u201470, Sydney, March-April.<br>"}, {"text": "The 2011 Summer Tour was a co-headlining tour by American bands Maroon 5 and Train. Beginning in July 2011, the tour supported both of the bands' albums, \"Hands All Over\" and \"Save Me, San Francisco\", respectively. The tour included more than 42 dates in the United States and Canada."}, {"text": "The Partner (; ) is a 2013 Japanese-Vietnamese historical telefilm based on the true story of the Vietnamese independence fighter Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u and his Japanese friend Asaba Sakitaro. The film aired on September 29, 2013 on Vietnam Television in Vietnam and Tokyo Broadcasting System Television in Japan. Production. The film was produced in 2013 to mark 40 years of diplomatic relations between Japan and Vietnam. Filming took place in both countries from June to July 2013. Vietnamese actors Hu\u1ef3nh \u0110\u00f4ng and Lan Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng had to learn Japanese for their roles. Awards. \"The Partner\" won five out of eight awards in the Direct-to-Video Film category at the 2013 Vietnam Film Festival."}, {"text": "Mojibur Rahman (13 October 1941\u201330 January 2016) was a Jatiya Party (Ershad) politician and the former Member of Parliament for Lalmonirhat-2. He served 7 terms. Career. Rahman was elected Member of Parliament from Lalmonirhat-2 constituency on the nomination of Jatiya Party in the 3rd Jatiya Sangsad of 1986, 4th of 1988, 5th of 1991, 7th of 12 June 1996, 8th of 2001 and 9th of 2008. Before the creation of Lalmonirhat-2, Rahman was elected to the 2nd Jatiya Sangsad from Rangpur-6 as a Bangladesh Nationalist Party candidate in 1979. Brig Gen (Retd) Md Shamim Kamal is his son."}, {"text": "Flashpoint is an Australian current affairs television program that tackled issues concerning Western Australians. It aired on the Seven Network in Perth, and was presented by Tim McMillan, with Peter Rowsthorn and Ben Harvey appearing as recurring co-presenters. The show debuted in September 2019 in a Monday night timeslot, but moved to Sunday mornings in 2022. It was axed in February 2024."}, {"text": "Jason Larway (born March 23, 1970) is an American curler from Lynnwood, Washington. He is a and a four-times United States men's curling champion (1989, 1992, 2001, 2004). In addition to representing the United States at the , winning the National Championship in 2001 should have qualified Larway to compete at the 2001 United States Olympic Curling Trials but the entire team was deemed ineligible because, as a Canadian living in the United States, teammate Greg Romaniuk was eligible for the National Championship but not for the Olympics. Larway instead attempted to earn a spot at the Trials through the National Olympic Qualifier, which he gained entry to through the Washington State Regional Qualifier. But he had to miss the National Qualifier because it occurred at the same time as the 2001 World Men's Championship. Larway, with fellow curler Rich Ruohonen acting as his attorney, filed a grievance with the United States Olympic Committee and the United States Curling Association asking to be admitted to the Olympic Trials. Through an arbitration process he was eventually offered and accepted an extra, seventh spot at the Olympic Trials. Personal life. His brother Joel is also a curler and the two brothers played"}, {"text": "together for many years. Larway graduated from University of Washington."}, {"text": "Goskonyushnya () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Kamennobrodskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 12 as of 2010. Geography. Goskonyushnya is located in the valley of the Ilovlya River, 16 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mikhaylovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gurovo () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Gurovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 539 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Gurovo is located in steppe, on the Olkhovka River, 28 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kireyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Baseball first rose to popularity in Mexico during the 1880s, and may have been introduced there as early as 1846. Mexico's current premier baseball league, the Mexican Baseball League, was founded in 1925 and consists of two divisions with 16 teams in total. The Mexican League has been classified as a Triple-A level league since 1967, and was classified as a Double-A league before then. The sport has traditionally been considered one of the most popular sports in Mexico, second only to football in some areas. Baseball is primarily popular in the northern part of the country, in the states nearest the Mexico\u2013United States border. Over 120 different players have made appearances for Major League Baseball teams, the first being Mel Almada who played for the Boston Red Sox starting in 1933. Other notable Mexican MLB players include Fernando Valenzuela, Vinny Castilla, Joakim Soria, and Julio Urias. History. The exact origin of baseball in Mexico is unclear. While some sources claim that the sport came to Mexico along with American soldiers during the Mexican\u2013American War, others believe it actually arrived via Cuba during the 1880s. The building of the Mexican Central Railway as well as America's economic and political interest"}, {"text": "in Mexico during the 1880s also played a part in the spread of baseball's popularity south of the Rio Grande. In 1925, the Mexican League (Spanish: Liga Mexicana de B\u00e9isbol or LMB) was founded. The Mexican League became a heavy competitor of MLB, going after players from the U.S. Negro Leagues and various Caribbean leagues. When MLB was interested in a player who signed with the Mexican League, they had an agreement with LMB to pay a fee to the Mexican League in order to use that player. This added cost discouraged MLB from using Mexican players because they didn't want to pay the competing league money. Other leagues like the Cuban League and a league in the Dominican Republic decided to work with MLB, but the Mexican League did not want to participate. All of these leagues contributed to an eventual inclusive baseball league. More than a quarter of all major league baseball players are now Latino. The league initially had 6 teams, and eventually expanded to its 16. The first Mexican-born player to play in the MLB was Mel Almeda, an outfielder from Huatabampo, who made his debut for the Boston Red Sox on September 8, 1933. Almeda"}, {"text": "was born in Mexico but grew up in Los Angeles, as his father was a consul for the Mexican government. It would be 16 years before another Mexican-born player would play in MLB, when Bobby \u00c1vila made his debut for the Cleveland Indians in 1947. After World War II, hundreds of MLB players returned from the war creating a huge market with low demand. Club owners from MLB seized the opportunity to offer poor contracts to the players lacking free agency and union representation. In 1946, then-owner of the LMB, Jorge Pasquel, attempted to elevate the level of competition in the league by offering contracts to several American MLB players. While mostly only Negro league players ended up coming to play in Mexico, contracts were also offered to (and subsequently declined by) superstar players such as Joe DiMaggio, Minnie Mi\u00f1oso, and Ted Williams, however, 18 other major leaguers signed for the 1946 summer season. At the end of the summer season, top African American and Latin American players had earned more than many players in MLB; therefore, major league players started to come to the LMB looking for better salaries, initiating the conflict with MLB. In response to the loss"}, {"text": "of players to Mexico, the commissioner of MLB at the time, Happy Chandler, enacted a rule that banned players from the league for 5 years if they signed contracts outside of MLB; moreover, they banned the 18 players that signed with the LMB from playing for any team participating in MLB. Later, MLB threatened to suspend any players playing with or against the banned or blacklisted players. This largely hindered the growth of the LMB during this time. In 1950, the LMB and MLB reached an agreement stating that they would respect each other's contracts. Notable American former LMB players include Satchel Paige and Roy Campanella. In 2018, after complaints about Julio Ur\u00edas's loss of his signing bonus to his former LMB club, MLB decided to sever their relationship with the Mexican League. This choice effectively bans all MLB teams from signing players directly out of the LMB, which may prevent some top Mexican prospects from making their way to the Majors. Professional baseball. In 1925, the Mexican League was formed by sports journalist Alejandro Aguilar Reyes and his friend Ernesto Carmona. The league was founded with 6 teams, none of which still operate in the LMB. During the 1960s,"}, {"text": "the league expanded to 8 teams, and again to 10 teams in 1970. In 1979, the LMB absorbed the Mexican Central League, which expanded the league to 20 teams. After a series of financial failures, the league was reduced to 14 teams. The league has expanded since to its current lineup of 18 teams in two divisions. It is considered to be a AAA-level league. Teams in the LMB play 120 games from March to September, and each team plays each other team either 6 or 9 times per season. Like in the MLB, the LMB holds an All-star game as well as a four-level postseason. The team with the most championships are the Diablos Rojos del M\u00e9xico. The Mexican Pacific League (Spanish: Liga Mexicana de Pac\u00edfico or LMP) is an independent league unaffiliated with the LMB. It has existed since 1945, and currently fields 10 teams from throughout Mexico. Its champions are invited to compete in the Caribbean Series after winning the LMP championship. The Mexican League also has an affiliated minor league, the Liga Norte de M\u00e9xico. International play. Mexican teams have competed in the Caribbean Series since 1971, winning the championship 3 times in 4 years from"}, {"text": "2013 to 2016. The series has been held in Mexico 15 times since then, for the first time in Hermosillo in 1974. The Caribbean Series' first Mexican champions were the Naranjeros de Hermosillo in 1976. Mexico has also competed in the Pan American Games and the Baseball World Cup, performing well but never finishing first. In 2006, the Mexico national baseball team made their first appearance at the inaugural World Baseball Classic, and has been a mainstay in the tournament, and have consistently hosted WBC games ever since."}, {"text": "Gusyovka () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Gusyovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,262 as of 2010. There are 17 streets. Geography. Gusyovka is located 23 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zaburunny is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Dmitriyevka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Solodchinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 87 as of 2010. Geography. Dmitriyevka is located in steppe, on the right bank of the Ilovlya River, 30 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zakharovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bruce Wayne is the secret identity of the DC Comics character Batman. Bruce Wayne may also refer to:"}, {"text": "Zaburunny () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Gusyovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 156 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Zaburunny is located in steppe, on the right bank of the Ilovlya River, 30 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gusyovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zakharovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Solodchinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 258 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Zakharovka is located in steppe, on the right bank of the Ilovlya River, 25 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dmitriyevka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zenzevatka () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Zenzevatvskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,604 as of 2017. There are 14 streets. History. According to the \"Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Saratov Province\", it was settled by Russian serfs in the 1770s or in the early 19th century. Geography. Zenzevatka is located 8 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Olkhovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kamenny Brod () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kamennobrodskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 414 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Kamenny Brod is located 9 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Olkhovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Ega Rizky Pramana (born 23 August 1992) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Liga 1 club PSS Sleman. Honours. Club. PSCS Cilacap PSS Sleman"}, {"text": "Kireyevo () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kireyevskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 968 as of 2010. There are 23 streets. Geography. Kireyevo is located in steppe, on the Chertoleyka River, 21 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Razuvayev is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Klinovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Olkhovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 257 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Klinovka is located in steppe, on the Olkhovka River, 6 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Olkhovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Lipovka () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Lipovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,063 as of 2010. There are 12 streets. Geography. Lipovka is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, 34 km southeast of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shchepkin is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Mikhaylovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kamennobrodskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 152 as of 2010. Geography. Mikhaylovka is located in steppe, 16 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Goskonyushnya is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Nezhinsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Nezhinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 492 as of 2010. There are 17 streets. Geography. Nezhinsky is located 36 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Peskovatsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Novoolkhovka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Gurovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 188 as of 2010. There are four streets. Geography. Novoolkhovka is located in steppe, on the Olkhovka River, 31 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gurovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Novorossiyskoye () is a rural locality (a selo) in Yagodnovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Novorossiyskoye is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, southeast of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Oktyabrsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Oktyabrsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Oktyabrskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 751 as of 2010. There are 12 streets. Geography. Oktyabrsky is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, 28 km south of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zenzevatka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Peskovatsky () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Nezhinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 129 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Peskovatsky is located in steppe, on south of the Volga Upland, 38 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nezhinsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Hugh Todd (c.1657\u20131728) was an English cleric and academic, known also as an antiquarian and author. Life. Born at Blencow, Cumberland, about 1658, he was son of Thomas Todd, rector of Hutton in the Forest, who was ejected by parliamentary sequestrators and imprisoned at Carlisle. On 29 March 1672 he matriculated at The Queen's College, Oxford, graduating B.A. On 4 July 1677, and becoming taberdar of the college. In the following year, on 23 December, he was elected a fellow of University College. He proceeded M.A. on 2 July 1679, and accumulated the degrees of B.D. and D.D. on 12 December 1692. In 1684 Todd became vicar of Kirkland in Cumberland, but resigned the charge on being installed a prebendary of the see of Carlisle on 4 October 1685. In 1685 he was collated to the vicarage of Stanwix in the same county, which he resigned in 1688, on becoming rector of Arthuret, presented by Richard Graham, 1st Viscount Preston. In 1699 he was also appointed vicar of Penrith. In 1702 William Nicolson became bishop of Carlisle. From early in his episcopate he clashed with Todd, who was uncompromising. After several minor disputes, in one of which Todd made his"}, {"text": "curate a churchwarden, Todd, with the dean Francis Atterbury, undertook to defend the chapter against the bishop, who exhibited articles of inquiry against them. Todd denied the right of visitation to the bishop, declaring that it belonged to the crown. For this conduct he was first suspended and then excommunicated by Nicolson, but continued to officiate in his parish as priest, ignoring the bishop's action. The bishops were alarmed by Todd's rejection of episcopal authority, and a bill was passed in parliament in 1708 as the Cathedral Act, to establish their rights of visitation more firmly. After its passage the sentence of excommunication on Todd was removed. The following day Sir James Montague, a Member of Parliament for Carlisle, held a dinner for Nicolson and Todd, at which they were reconciled. Todd died in Penrith on 6 October 1728. Works. Todd contributed \"The Description of Sweden\" to Moses Pitt's \"English Atlas\" (1680). In the \"Philosophical Transactions\" he published \"An Account of a Salt Spring on the Banks of the River Weare in Durham\", and \"An Account of some Antiquities found at Corbridge, Northumberland\". He translated \"How a Man may be Sensible of his Progress in Virtue\", for \"Plutarch's Morals, translated"}, {"text": "from the Greek by several hands\" (1684), and the life of Phocion for \"The Lives of Illustrious Men, written in Latin by Cornelius Nepos, and done into English by several hands\" (Oxford, 1684). Todd published a number of poems. He also assisted John Walker in compiling his \"Sufferings of the Clergy\". He left manuscripts, including: \"Notitia Ecclesi\u00e6 Cathedralis Carliolensis, et Notitia Prioratus de Wedderhal\", 1688, which was edited for the Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian and Arch\u00e6ological Society by Richard Saul Ferguson (Tract Ser. No. 6, Kendal, 1892); and \"An Account of the City and Diocese of Carlisle\", 1689, also edited by Ferguson for the Society (same series No. 5, Kendal, 1891). His Cumbrian manuscripts were used by Walter Fletcher for his \"Diocesan Book\", published in 2015 by the Surtees Society. Family. Todd married in 1700 Lucy Dalston (d. 1733), eldest daughter of Christopher Dalston. Their daughter Catherine married Archibald Hope of Rankeillor, and was painted by Allan Ramsay; he was a son of Sir Thomas Hope, 8th Baronet, a Jacobite who saw the Battle of Culloden, and died in 1769, and was also painted by Ramsay."}, {"text": "Pogozhya Balka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Nezhinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 157 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Pogozhya Balka is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, 28 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nezhinsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Razuvayev () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kireyevskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 79 as of 2010. Geography. Razuvayev is located in steppe, on the Olkhovka River, 16 km northwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kireyevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Romanovka () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Romanovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 543 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Romanovka is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, on the right bank of the Studyonovka River, 50 km southeast of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Studenovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Rybinka () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Rybinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 700 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Rybinka is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, on the right bank of the Ilovlya River, 33 km northeast of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Salomatino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Solodcha () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Solodchinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,572 as of 2010. There are 10 streets. Geography. Solodcha is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, on the right bank of the Ilovlya River, 35 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stefanidovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Stefanidovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Solodchinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 120 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Stefanidovka is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, on the right bank of the Ilovlya River, 38 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Solodcha is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Martin Ester (born November 5, 1958) is a Canadian-German Full Professor of Computing Science at Simon Fraser University. His research focuses on data mining and machine learning. Career. After earning his MS.c., Ester worked for Swissair before earning a position at the University of Munich as an assistant professor in 1993. Three years later, in 1996, Ester, Hans-Peter Kriegel, J\u00f6rg Sander and Xiaowei Xu proposed a data clustering algorithm called \"Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise\" (DBSCAN). Their proposal won the 2014 KDD Test of Time Award for \"outstanding papers from past KDD Conferences beyond the last decade that have had an important impact on the data mining research community.\" A few years later, Ester moved to Vancouver and accepted a position at Simon Fraser University. In 2009, Ester was selected to become an associate editor of the \"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering\". Between 2010 and 2015, Ester served as the SFU School of Computing Science director, before being succeeded by Greg Mori. In 2016, Arnetminer listed Ester as the world's most influential scholar in data mining. At the time, Arnetminer recorded that Ester authored 169 papers, which gained more than 21,000 citations, and hitting 50 on"}, {"text": "the h-index. Besides working as a Full Professor at SFU, Ester is also heading research at British Columbia Children's Hospital regarding genetic influence in drug reception and reactions in patients. His research team received a $9.9 million grant from Genome Canada for their research through Genome Canada's 2017 Large-Scale Applied Research Project Competition: Genomics and Precision Health. As a result of his research, Ester was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2019."}, {"text": "Dave Mustaine (born 16 November 1992) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Liga 2 club Bekasi City. Honours. Club. PSS Sleman Malut United"}, {"text": "Studyonovka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Romanovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 20 as of 2010. Geography. Studyonovka is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, on the bank of the Balykleyka River, 51 km southeast of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Romanovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Graphite mining in Sri Lanka has occurred since the Dutch occupation of the country. It is the only country in the world to produce the purest form of graphite, vein graphite (also known as lump graphite), in commercial quantities, currently accounts for less than 1% of the world graphite production. Graphite (locally known as plumbago) mines were mostly located in north western and south western parts of the island, with working pits located in Aluketiya, Meegahatenna, Matugama and Agalawatta. The Geological Survey Department, started in 1903, maintained records of all graphite pits, shallow workings and mines under the Inspector of Mines. However these records were lost when the Geological Survey and Mines Bureau was established in 1992. The miners were Singhalese peasants, using primitive methods for driving shafts, adding to local folklore. Through plumbago mining, entrepreneurs such as Don Charles Gemoris Attygalle, Don Spater Senanayake and Duenuge Disan Pedris made their fortunes leading to many of the larger mines coming under the control several business families such as the Senanayakes, Kotalawelas and De Mels. These families dominated the pre-independence and post-independence political landscape in Ceylon, with membership in the United National Party. Many of these politicians (Sir John Kotelawala in"}, {"text": "Dodangaslanda, Dudley Senanayake in Dedigama) established their constituencies in these mining areas, where they traditionally had influence over the villages employed in their mines. Sri Lanka's current annual production is 9,000 to 10,000 tons for two underground mines, one of which is Kahatagha and Bogala. History. The existence of graphite in Sri Lanka has been known since 1675 when the Dutch governor, Rijckloff van Goens, mentions the existence of veins of 'potloop' in the hills and maritime provinces, in correspondence to his successor, Joan Maetsuycker. The mine, which reportedly existed near Colombo, was deemed so important it was placed under military guard. Based on local archaeological evidence iron ore was being melted in graphite crucibles during the Kandyan period. Fledgling industry. The earliest records of graphite being exported are in 1825, with the first commercial shipment occurring in 1829 to Joseph Dixon, founder of the American Crucible Company. The first official mention was in 1831, when it was included in the list of products subject to export duty. In 1832 the export revenue to the government was \u00a322 18s 16d sterling. Due to its high carbon content there was a growing demand for Sri Lankan graphite, particularly by the rapidly"}, {"text": "emerging crucible industry in Great Britain and United States, in part due to the American Civil War. Prosperity and maturity (1869 - 1918). During the period from 1869 to 1918 there were nearly 3,000 graphite pits and mines scattered across the south-west of the island. A number of these pits were mechanised (mol pathal) although the majority were primitive pits/mines operated manually (dabare pathal). Graphite exports peaked in 1899, with export tonnage of (35% of the world's total graphite consumption) accounting for Rs. 2.2 million (or about 22% of Sri Lanka's total foreign exchange earnings). Great Britain was the primary import of Ceylon Graphite until 1901 when they were overtaken by the United States. In 1909 the second largest imported was Germany. Decline and selective maturity (1917 to present). In 1912 graphite, which matched the quality of Sri Lankan Graphite, was discovered in Madagascar. As the Madagascar graphite was able to be extracted at a lower cost, this resulted in a stiff competition. Sri Lankan production declined slowly with small revivals during the First and Second World Wars, when 30,000 metric tons of natural graphite was exported per year and over 6,000 shallow workings, pits and small scale mines were"}, {"text": "in operation. The highest historical production of in a single year was in 1962. In 1971, the government of Sirima Bandaranaike nationalised the graphite mining industry, taking over all the large mines and establishing the Graphite Corporation in 1972 to manage the mining operations at Bogala, Kahatagaha and Kolongaha. The corporation merged three existing mines, Kahatagaha, Kolongaha and Walakatahena, into a single operation. The Bogala mine having previously resulted from the merger of a number of older smaller mines. An experimental mine commenced at Rangala in 1973 and another mine opened at Ragedera in 1976. Both Rangala and Ragedera mines were abandoned in 1985 after only a few years of operation. In 1979 the corporation was renamed the State Mining and Mineral Development Corporation. It had a yearly export of , before mismanagement and corruption forced all mines to close down. In 1991 the industry was privatised, with the Bogala operations purchased by Bogala Graphite Ltd and in the following year the Kahatagaha mine was taken over by Kahatagaha Graphite Lanka Limited, a government owned public limited liability company. In 2000 a graphite mine at Aluketiya was re-opened by a private company but was abandoned in 2003. The Ragedara mine"}, {"text": "was re-opened in 2011 by Sakura Ltd as an experimental mine with limited production."}, {"text": "Tishanka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Solodchinskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010. Geography. Tishanka is located in steppe, on the bank of the Tishanka River, 37 km southwest of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zakharovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Shchepkin () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Lipovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 19 as of 2010. Geography. Shchepkin is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, on the left bank of the Golaya River, 5 km south of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zenzevatka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yagodnoye () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Yagodnovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 735 as of 2010. There are 10 streets. Geography. Yagodnoye is located in steppe, on the Volga Upland, 22 km southeast of Olkhovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lipovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Heavenly King or \"variation\" may refer to:"}, {"text": "Erik van den Doel (born 15 May 1979), is a Dutch chess Grandmaster (GM) (1998), two-times European Team Chess Championship winner (2001, 2005). Biography. In the 1990s and 2000s Erik van den Doel was one of the leading Dutch chess players. In 2001, in Leeuwarden he shared first place with Loek van Wely in Dutch Chess Championship but lost additional match for the title of national champion. Erik van den Doel is winner of many international chess tournaments, including Alphen aan den Rijn (1995), London (1998), Haarlem (1998), Dieren (1998, 2007), \"Neckar Open\" in Deizisau (1999), Lisbon (2000), Bussum (2005), Bad Zwesten (2006), Leiden (2007, 2008). Erik van den Doel played for Netherlands in the Chess Olympiads: Erik van den Doel played for Netherlands in the European Team Chess Championships: In 1998, he was awarded the FIDE Grandmaster (GM) title."}, {"text": "The women's scratch competition at the 2019 UEC European Track Championships was held on 16 October 2019. Emily Nelson of Great Britain won the gold medal. Results. First rider across the line without a net lap loss wins."}, {"text": "The UZH Archives is the central archive of the University of Zurich (UZH) and responsible for the acquisition, selection and processing of archival material produced by the organizational units of the University of Zurich. It also holds papers of individuals and societies connected to the UZH. Access to its holdings is provided in compliance with the archival law and the information and data protection law of the Canton of Z\u00fcrich. History. The University Archives\u2032 first fonds was transferred from the repository of the president's office and goes back until 1833, when the University of Zurich was founded. In 1984 the Rectorate decided to establish a central archive and requested a position for an archivist. Until 1998, when the University of Zurich became an independent institution under public law, its holdings had regularly been transferred to the State Archives of the Canton of Z\u00fcrich. The collection of the Documentation Centre for University History was acquired by the UZH Archives after its dissolution in 1998. It was founded by a group of legal and humanities scholars in 1972 in order to collect historically relevant material, especially personal papers of UZH scholars, that could be used for the University's 150th anniversary in 1983."}, {"text": "Holdings. The holdings of the UZH Archives are divided into five sections. The first section holds the historical archives, consisting of minutes of the departments, habilitation theses, diploma duplicates and personal files of the lecturers. The second section \u2212 the \u2033new\u2033 archives based on provenance \u2212 contains minutes of the University Directorate and Senate as well as various fonds of the Rectorate, the Dean's Offices, Central Services and Departments or Institutes. The third section includes the private archives, which are either scientific papers of UZH scholars or archives of UZH-related associations. The fourth section comprises documentations or collections assembled by the UZH Archives, for example a photo collection of portraits of former rectors and lecturers or a documentation about the main building of the University. The fifth and last section contains a collection of prints and brochures that were published by the University of Zurich. The UZH website has been digitally archived as part of this collection since 2012."}, {"text": "Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Gunung Kidul (commonly known as Persig Gunung Kidul) is an Indonesian football club from Gunung Kidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Currently Persig Gunungkidul competes in the Indonesian League Third Division DIY zone, Liga 3. Grounds. Gelora Handayani Stadium is the home base of this club. Gelora Handayani Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Wonosari, Indonesia. It is currently used mostly for soccer matches and also sometimes for athletics. The stadium has a capacity of 10,000. Supporters. Persig is not very popular football club in Indonesia. But they have an several fanatic supporter groups. They are named \"Supergeni, GardapatiGK, The Guident, The Hanter\"."}, {"text": "Kangsu Town () is a town of Wuqia County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Located in the middle of the county, 23 km away west of Wuqia Town. The town covers an area of 22 square kilometers with a population of 5,831 (as of 2017) and 4 communities under itsjurisdiction. The town of Kangsu is the main industrial mining area in Kizilsu Prefecture, mainly coal mining, cement, power generation, mining machinery and building materials. History. Kangsu Town was first established in May 1958, and the \"Kangsu Mining Area\" () was established after the town's amalgamating to \"Kangsu Iron and Steel Plant\" () in the next year. The town was restored from the \"Kangsu Mining Area\" in October 1984. Kangsu Town is located along the main road of transportation with a history of more than 2,000 years, it has been an important transit point for the \"Silk Road Economic Belt\" since ancient times. In the 1960s and 1970s, There were three state-owned enterprises of Qianjin Coal Mine (), Kangsu Cement Plant () and Kangsu Thermal Power Plant () with more than 20,000 workers of various types participated in the construction. Kangsu became a veritable industrial town in southern Xinjiang and"}, {"text": "played an important role in the history of Xinjiang's industry. Infrastructure and economy. With the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, the four state-owned enterprises of Kangsu Coal Mine, Kangsu Cement Plant, Kangsu Thermal Power Plant and Kalajiligang Coal Mine stopped production and went bankrupt in 2000. With the opportunity of the Western Development, Kangsu becomes a heavy industrial park to develop new industrialization in Wuqia County, and a number of resource development enterprises such as Hongze Mining and Jiaxing Cast Iron Casting Co., Ltd. entered the industrial park, and the 110 kV substation was built in Kangsu. The G3013 Kashgar\u2013Erkeshtam Expressway traverses the territory. In recent years, around the construction of China's most western border town with \"unified planning, rational layout, facilities, and safety and application\", Kangsu has changed rapidly and the new urbanization process has accelerated. Kangsu Town was listed as the first batch of county-level reform pilot town in Wuqia County on November 5, 2008. In May 2015, the town was identified as one of the second batch of pilot towns for independent industrial and mining areas in China. In June 2015, Kangsu was identified by the autonomous region as one of the second batch of pilot projects for"}, {"text": "the transformation of independent industrial and mining areas in China. The entire project has been transformed into a total of 30 projects in four major categories, including infrastructure, public service facilities, safe-haven resettlement, and continuous replacement industry development, with a total investment of CNY498 million. Residential communities. The town has 4 residential communities under its jurisdiction. 4 residential communities:"}, {"text": "Umesh Patwal is an Indian cricketer and cricket coach. He was head coach of the Everest Premier League team Pokhara Rhinos. Now he is currently the head coach of Nepal Premier League team Chitwan Rhinos. He is former coach of Nepalese cricket team and former batting coach of Afghanistan cricket team. He has been working as coach and consultant from couple of years. He was also the assistant coach of Indian Premier League (IPL) team Kochi Tuskers Kerala in year 2011. In 2018 Patwal was technical director of Nepalese Franchise league Pokhara Premier League."}, {"text": "The men's team pursuit competition at the 2019 UEC European Track Championships was held on 16 and 17 October 2019. Results. Qualifying. The eight fastest teams advanced to the first round. First round. First round heats were held as follows:<br> Heat 1: 6th v 7th fastest<br> Heat 2: 5th v 8th fastest<br> Heat 3: 2nd v 3rd fastest<br> Heat 4: 1st v 4th fastest The winners of heats 3 and 4 proceeded to the gold medal race. The remaining six teams were ranked on time, from which the top two proceeded to the bronze medal race."}, {"text": "The hard-shell or crunchy taco is a Mexican-American dish that developed from the taco in the United States. The earliest references to hard-shell tacos are from the early 1890s, and by the early 20th century this style of taco was available in Mexican-American communities across the US. Fast food chains began to market hard-shell tacos to Americans in the mid-1950s, with Taco Bell playing a significant role in popularizing the food during the 1960s. Description. While many different versions of hard-shell tacos exist, the most common form of the hard-shell taco is served as a U-shaped crisp-fried corn tortilla filled with seasoned ground beef, cheese, lettuce, and sometimes tomato, onion, salsa, sour cream, and avocado or guacamole. Such tacos are sold by restaurants and by fast food chains, while kits are readily available in most supermarkets. Hard shell tacos are sometimes known as \"tacos dorados\" (\"golden tacos\") in Spanish, a name that they share with taquitos, a similar dish. History. Various sources credit different individuals with the invention of the hard-shell taco, but some form of the dish likely predates all of them. Beginning from the early part of the twentieth century, various types of tacos became popular in the"}, {"text": "United States, especially in Texas and California but also elsewhere. An early appearance of a description of the taco in English was in a 1914 cookbook, \"California Mexican-Spanish Cookbook\" by Bertha Haffner Ginger. By the late 1930s, companies such as Ashley Mexican Food and Absolute Mexican Foods were selling appliances and ingredients for cooking hard shell tacos, and the first patents for hard-shell taco cooking appliances were filed in the 1940s. In 1949, a recipe for a hard-shell taco first appeared in a cookbook, \"The Good Life: New Mexican food\", which was written by Fabiola Cabeza de Baca Gilbert and published in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Juvencio Maldonado, a restaurant owner from Oaxaca living in New York, is sometimes credited as the original inventor of a hard shell taco-making machine, and received a patent for it in 1950. In the mid-1950s, Glen Bell opened Taco Tia, and began selling a simplified version of the tacos being sold by Mexican restaurants in San Bernardino, particularly the \"tacos dorados\" being sold by Lucia and Salvador Rodriguez across the street from another of Bell's restaurants. Later, Bell owned and operated four El Taco restaurants in southern California before opening the first Taco Bell"}, {"text": "in 1962. At this time, Los Angeles was racially segregated, and the hard-shell tacos sold at Bell's restaurants were many white Americans' first introduction to Mexican food."}, {"text": "Nature Strip (foaled 16 November 2014) is a retired champion Thoroughbred racehorse who was the 2020 and 2022 Australian Champion Racehorse of the Year, a nine-time Group 1 winner, and the winner of The Everest in 2021, the richest turf race in the world. Background. Nature Strip was passed in for $90,000 at the 2016 Inglis Premier Yearling sale and sent to trainer Robert Smerdon by breeders Golden Grove Farm. Smerdon sold five 1% shares in the then un-named horse, before convincing retired businessman Rod Lyons to buy 85% and farmer Peter Baulderstone to take the remaining 10%, with the value set at $120,000. Lyons sold down part of his stake to various interests including a New Zealand-based group featuring Sir Stephen Hansen, World Cup-winning rugby coach. The horse was named from dam Strikeline and the practice of Australian factory workers to gather on the nature strip outside their place of work during industrial disputes. Racing career. Aquanita and 3YO season 2017/18. Nature Strip, trained initially by Robert Smerdon, won on debut as a 3-year-old, in a 1000m maiden at Mornington on October 17, 2017. He was beaten at his next and first metropolitan start but won the next three"}, {"text": "races he contested including the Inglis Dash over 1100m at Flemington in January, 2018. Robert Hickmott was in temporary charge due to Smerdon being suspended, but by the time of his next start, John Sadler (part of Smerdon's Aquanita group) had taken charge of Nature Strip. The horse was beaten at his two autumn 2018 starts, including the Group 2 Euclase Stakes in Adelaide. Nature Strip pulled up poorly after the race. Following those failures, the owners transferred Nature Strip to Darren Weir's stables, mainly due to the doping scandal engulfing the Aquanita organisation. Darren Weir, Chris Waller and 4YO season 2018/19. Nature Strip proceeded to win his first four starts under Weir through winter and early spring 2018, including an impressive six-length win over Group 1 winner Sunlight in Adelaide. This was followed by his first group win, the Group 2 WFA McEwen Stakes at Moonee Valley on Sept. 8, 2018, where he also broke the 1000m track record. Nature Strip was selected as the Australian Turf Club's representative in the 2018 Everest at this stage. Three weeks later Nature Strip was the $1.75 favourite in his first Group 1 start, the Moir Stakes at Moonee Valley, but finished"}, {"text": "a disappointing eighth after being forced to race wide. The ATC removed Nature Strip from their Everest slot and the horse went for a spell. In January 2019, Weir was arrested following a police raid on his Ballarat stables, principally over the use of 'jiggers' in training. Weir was subsequently disqualified and his horses were quickly transferred to other stables, with Nature Strip joining Sydney-based Chris Waller. Nature Strip was an impressive winner in his first start under Waller, the Group 2 Rubiton Stakes over 1100m at Caulfield in Melbourne on Feb 9, 2019. A fortnight later Nature Strip again failed at Group 1 level, fading badly to finish 10th in the Oakleigh Plate at Caulfield after starting the $2:30 favourite. Nature Strip was developing a reputation amongst some racing followers as an over-rated horse. Nature Strip broke through for his maiden Group 1 victory at his next start in March 2019, narrowly holding on to win the 1100m Galaxy at Rosehill in Sydney, a race that his father, Nicconi won in 2009. Nature Strip went for a brief spell before tackling the Group 1 Doomben 10,000 in Queensland in May 2019. Again starting a short-priced favourite, he finished fourth"}, {"text": "with a wide draw and the use of ear-muffs proffered as excuses. In his next start Nature Strip struggled after over-racing in the Group 3 Concorde Stakes at Randwick, but bounced back to win the Moir Stakes at Moonee Valley following his loss a year earlier. 5YO season, 2019/20. Nature Strip was described as \"the most polarizing horse in Australia\" when selected for his inaugural attempt at The Everest in 2019. In the event Nature Strip, a $26 chance, finished fourth after leading but being overtaken with 100m remaining. In true enigmatic style, Nature Strip won his third Group 1 race for the year three weeks later, triumphing easily in the Darley Sprint Classic at Flemington. It was also his first win over 1200m. Opening his 2020 campaign in February, Nature Strip finished fourth as the $1.45 favourite in the Group 1 Lightning Stakes over 1000m at Flemington. Waller said the horse was \"too fresh\" and would improve from the run. Duly, Nature Strip went on to win the G2 Challenge Stakes at Randwick at his next start, followed by his fourth Group 1 victory when successful at $3.80 in the TJ Smith Stakes. He was then given a spell"}, {"text": "prior to building towards the 2020 Everest. In August 2020, Nature Strip was named Victorian Racehorse of the Year. He was also voted the Australian Horse of the Year for the year 2019/20. 6YO season, 2020/21. Returning in spring 2020, Nature Strip as $1.40 favourite was run down late by Gytrash to finish second in the Concorde Stakes. He then played up at consecutive barrier trials before being beaten in the Group 2 Premiere Stakes and finishing seventh in the Everest. Nature Strip completed the year with a second place finish in the Darley Classic. Nevertheless, in the 2020 World's Best Racehorse Rankings, Nature Strip was rated on 124, making him the equal 10th best racehorse in the world. On 13 February 2021, Nature Strip returned to win his fifth Group 1 race when successful in the Black Caviar Lightning at Flemington, with emerging star Jamie Kah riding. In April, Nature Strip won back-to-back T J Smith Stakes taking his Group 1 tally to six and turning the tables on Eduardo, who'd beaten him in the Challenge Stakes a fortnight earlier. Jockey James McDonald claimed after the race \"I can safely say WBS (World\u2019s Best Sprinter) for him.\". Nature Strip"}, {"text": "was again spelled ahead of a spring campaign targeting the Everest. 7YO season, 2021/22. Nature Strip returned to win the Concorde Stakes at the third attempt on September 4, 2021, as the $1.50 favourite. On October 16, 2021 Nature Strip finally broke through to win the Everest at his third attempt, leading nearly all the way to triumph as the $3.30 favourite to claim the AUD$6.2 million first prize. The horse completed his best spring campaign by winning the Darley Sprint Classic during the Melbourne Cup Carnival, his second win in the race making it seven Group 1 victories and three in the 2021 calendar year. There was talk of Nature Strip travelling overseas to compete at Royal Ascot in 2022. Nature Strip commenced his 2022 campaign being narrowly defeated by 3YO stablemate Home Affairs in the Black Caviar Lightning Stakes at Flemington, after being significantly hampered at the start. He was also beaten at his next start, by Eduardo in the Challenge Stakes on a heavy Randwick track. On April 1 Nature Strip won the TJ Smith Stakes at Randwick for the third consecutive year, comfortably defeating Eduardo and the remainder of the field and confirming his later trip"}, {"text": "to Royal Ascot. Only Chautauqua had previously won three TJ Smiths. On June 14 Nature Strip was a comfortable winner of the King's Stand Stakes at Royal Ascot, after starting second favourite at 9/4 ($3.25) behind US sprinter Golden Pal. \"Nature Strip has just got better and better\", Waller said. \"He is learning about his racing, enjoying his racing, and that was the difference between the horse from his early days. He used to try and get things done in a hurry all the time. But then he realised he could sit off them and still beat his rivals. It has been a privilege to be a part of this horse.\" After the King's Stand win, Nature Strip was rated 126 making him the world's highest-rated sprinter and third-highest rated horse in the world behind the US horse Flightline and the UK's Baaeed. Nature Strip was voted Australian Horse of the Year and Sprinter of the Year for 2021-2022, winning the awards for the second and third time respectively. 8YO season, 2022/23. Nature Strip commenced his 2022 Australian spring campaign with victory in the G2 The Shorts over 1100m at Randwick on Sep 17. In The Everest of 2022 he"}, {"text": "started the race $1.90 favourite. Forced to race wide on a strong tempo, Nature Strip grabbed the lead in the straight but was run down in the final 50m to eventually finish fourth. The brave defeat continued Nature Strip's relatively moderate second-up record, with 2 wins from 10 second-up starts compared with 6/11 first-up and 7/10 third-up (as of Oct 15, 2022). For the fourth consecutive year, Nature Strip ended the calendar year competing in the G1 sprint race on the final day of the Melbourne Cup carnival (in 2022 named the Darley Champions Sprint) but was beaten into second, giving him two wins and two seconds in the race. Commencing 2023, Nature Strip's program continued to follow a familiar pattern with a fourth consecutive attempt at the G1 Black Caviar Lightning Stakes. Starting $1.95 favorite, Nature Strip led but faded in the final 200m to finish sixth. Jockey James McDonald thought the horse 'felt the track' (a Good 3 in hot conditions) amid suggestions Nature Strip should be retired to 'go out on top'. On April 1 Nature Strip attempted to win the TJ Smith Stakes at Randwick for an unprecedented fourth time. He started $4.90 tote favourite in"}, {"text": "a competitive field and the recent pattern continued. Nature Strip strode to the lead inside the first 200m and kicked clear early in the straight to lead by about 3L, only to be overtaken in the final 100m by swooping finishers and cross the line in fourth place. Waller refused to consider retiring the horse at this stage, citing the need for a proper spell and confirming Nature Strip would return for a 'race by race' spring campaign. Retirement. In the event, Nature Strip competed in just one more race, the 2023 G3 Concorde Stakes at Randwick on 2 September 2023. The now-9YO was forced to race wide, eventually finishing sixth. The horse was retired immediately after the race. Waller said \"I'm announcing his retirement on behalf of the owners. He's just been an amazing horse and everything he does, he does to the best of his ability, even today, he was prepared well, he came to the race sound, he was trialling well...he jumped well, he travelled nicely, he looked to come up the rise well but the same acceleration and spark wasn't there. There has been no indication that race ability was not there anymore, but he wasn't"}, {"text": "the same horse in the race today. He's just been such an amazing horse, it's only fitting that we announce it as soon as the decision has been made.\" Senior co-owner Rod Lyons said, \"It's a sad day, we knew it would come, all champions come to the end of the road. I told Chris not to cry as I would start crying. I wish he could have won today and gone on. But he's been a wonderful horse and taken us to such magnificent heights. Who would have dreamt we would ever get a horse like him. To go to Royal Ascot will stay in our memories forever, and also for our kids and our grandkids' memories. It's been a joy and pleasure to race this horse...Today, he (Nature Strip) said: 'Boys, I have taken you around the world, I have done all I can possibly do for you, c'mon give me a break'. So, the horse is retired. I won't get another horse like him, not in a million years.\" Nature Strip had 44 starts, winning 22 races including nine at Group 1 level and nearly AUD$21 million in prize money."}, {"text": "The women's team pursuit competition at the 2019 UEC European Track Championships was held on 16 and 17 October 2019. Results. Qualifying. The eight fastest teams advanced to the first round. First round. First round heats were held as follows:<br> Heat 1: 6th v 7th fastest<br> Heat 2: 5th v 8th fastest<br> Heat 3: 2nd v 3rd fastest<br> Heat 4: 1st v 4th fastest The winners of heats 3 and 4 proceeded to the gold medal race. The remaining six teams were ranked on time, from which the top two proceeded to the bronze medal race."}, {"text": "Bolshoy Simkin () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 295 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Bolshoy Simkin is located 151 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Saykhin is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vengelovka () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Priozyornoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 536 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Vengelovka is located on the Caspian Depression, 94 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Put Ilyicha is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Vishnevka () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Stepnovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,280 as of 2010. There are 15 streets. Geography. Vishnevka is located on the Caspian Depression, 77 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zhanibek is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gonchary () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Goncharovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 129 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Gonchary is located 60 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zolotari is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gormaki () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Revolyutsionnoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 180 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Gormaki is located on the Caspian Depression, 101 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sadovoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yershov () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Goncharovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 100 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Yershov is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 60 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gonchary is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Yesin () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kaysatskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 110 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Yesin is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, on the right bank of the Torgun River, 49 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kaysatskoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySLs) are a recently identified class of atypical sphingolipids (SLs). They are produced via a non-canonical biosynthetic pathway, and their defining feature, the absence of a C1 hydroxyl group (C1-OH), prevents their further conversion into complex sphingolipids. Under normal conditions, sphingolipids are synthesized through a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme serine-palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which condenses serine with palmitoyl-CoA. However, when SPT utilizes alternative amino acid substrates such as alanine or glycine instead of serine, it leads to the formation of 1-deoxySLs. Unlike canonical sphingolipids, 1-deoxysphingolipids cannot be degraded via standard catabolic pathways. As a result, they accumulate to high levels and have been implicated in a range of neurological and metabolic disorders. Structure. There are two types of 1-deoxySLs: 1-deoxysphinganine and 1-deoxymethylsphinganine. 1-Deoxysphinganine. It is an amino alcohol and a bioactive sphingoid. Its distinctive trait is that the terminal hydroxy group has been replaced by hydrogen. It possesses antineoplastic properties, appearing to inhibit the proliferation of some kinds of cancer. This sphingoid base can be found, in general, in low levels, in animal cells, and at higher concentrations in the cell membranes of certain bacteria, including \"Bacteroides\" species common to the animal gut microbiome\u2014suggesting this as a potential source"}, {"text": "of these compounds in circulation. It was found for the first time in a marine organism, in which context it is known as spisulosine. It is known by other names such as ES-285. The molecular weight of this compound is 285,5 g/mol and its molecular formula is C18H39NO, which means it has 18 carbons. 1-Deoxymethylsphinganine. It is a bioactive sphingoid which derives from the sphinganine. It is formed by a sphingoid and an amino alcohol and it constitutes the conjugated base of 1-deoxymethylsphinganine (1+). Its role is accepting a hydron from a donor via its organic amino compound; it is a Br\u00f8nsted base. It is also known as deoxymethyl-SA, (2R)-1-aminoheptadecan-2-ol and 1-desoxymethylsphinganine. The molecular weight of this compound is 271,48 g/mol and its molecular formula is C17H37NO, which means it has 17 carbons. In relation to its appearance, it has a powder form. Other physical and chemical properties are not certainly known. Localization. Sphingolipid metabolism is based in compartmentalization. In this way, possible cycles of opposite anabolism and catabolism reactions are avoided. The ER is the compartment where the synthesis of ceramide is produced. Then, it will move to the Golgi apparatus. If the ceramide transporter protein is involved, it"}, {"text": "will go to the TGN to form sphingomyelin. If the vesicles are the ones in charge of transport, it will reach the cis zone to become glucosylceramide. Instead, deoxySL transport and localization in cells is not known for sure. It is true that several studies has proved some of his intracellular behaviours. What allows to understand the distribution in the cell of 1-deoxysphingolipids is the comparison between the behavior of fluorescent analogs of the SLs (C6-NBD-(dh)-Cer) and the 1-deoxySLs (C6-NBD-deoxy(dh)-Cer). The fact that C6-NBD-deoxy(dh)-Cer is not located in the same compartments as C6-NBD-(dh)-Cer indicates that the absence of C1-OH interferes in the protein and vesicular traffic. On the other side, it's been found that 1-deoxySLs gave a signal in the mitochondria and remained prominent by using alkyne-1-deoxySA, as well as the co-location in the RE and Golgi markers. The signal was absent in the lysosomes and in the plasma membrane. A specific change in 1-deoxySLs causes variations in mitochondrial morphology, as well as variations of the same type in the RE when de concentrations are toxic. Metabolism. Synthesis. 1-DeoxySLs has a similar pattern to sphingolipids during de novo synthesis. The reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) but"}, {"text": "instead of condensing palmitoyl-CoA and L-serine, the amino acid substrate is replaced by L-alanina or L-glycine. This atypical sphingolipids are formed as the result of a mutated SPT (SPTLC1/SPTLC2) with alternative activities. It has also produced by wild-type of SPT under unfavorable conditions where the synthesis of L-serine is diminished and / or the biosynthesis of alanine and glycine is too high. The result of the reaction with L-alanine forms 1-deoxysphinganine (1-deoxySA; m18:0), while the use of glycerin forms 1-deoxymethylsphinganine (1-deoxymethylSA; m17:0). Both molecules are 1-deoxySLs. Degradation. Atypical sphingolipids' lack of C1-OH (hydroxyl group) of sphinganine its the cause they accumulate in the cytoplasm and cannot be degraded. These headless sphingolipids are not able to be phosphorylated and they can neither converted into complex lipids as sphingomyelins and glycosphingolipids (galactosylceramides, gangliosides, cerebrosides ...). Instead, they have toxic effects to the cell. Despite previous opinions that 1-deoxySLs are dead-end metabolites, new researches prove the opposite. Its concentrations decrease over time because atypical sphingolipids convert into downstream products, which normally are polyunsaturated and polyhydroxylated. The main reason for this transformation is detoxification. The enzymes involved in this process produce the change within several days, making it a slow conversion. This take places"}, {"text": "in two stages: Either CYP4A or CYP4F are the enzymes involved in the downstream metabolism of 1-deoxySLs. It is not yet known which one takes place in the process but, it is more likely to be CYP4F as in mouse experiments this enzyme is responsible for 1-deoxySLs formation. Physico-chemical properties. Nowadays there is not much information about the properties of 1-deoxysphingolipids. However, there have been some studies that demonstrate some important facts. This data is still not proven to be the same in each 1-deoxysphingolipids but, until then, we extrapolate with caution in order to keep investigating and gathering more information. The biggest two structural properties that differ from the canonical sphingoid bases are the lack of C1-OH and the double bond position. The missing C1 hydroxyl group is a decisive characteristic that influences in the molecule's interactions, as its ability to form intra and intermolecular H-bond networks decreases. On the other hand, the lack of the double bond interferences in the main transition temperature. These characteristics are thought to make a big impact on the membrane biophysical properties as well as the integrity. The hydrophobicity and the main transition temperature of these lipids play an important role on the"}, {"text": "structure and physico-chemical properties of biological membranes. These both differences disrupt the setting up with other lipids and as a result, the capacity to segregate into tightly packed gel domains is put in risk. Function. Up until now, sphingolipids functions have not been yet known. In any case, its danger contributes to the development of several neuropathies and diseases. Toxicity. There are some diseases which causes are due to the formation of 1-deoxySLs and doxSA. For example, HSAN1 is caused because of the formation of this atypical and neurotoxic sphingolipid metabolites (doxSA and 1-deoxySLs). Moreover, it has been found that pacients with type 2 diabetes, autonomic neuropathy type 1 (HSAN1) and hereditary sensory have elevated number of this kind of sphingolipids in their plasma. There are some investigations that affirm that plasma concentrations in patients with diabetes or the metabolic syndrome were higher than the control group's concentrations. The increase of 1-deoxySLs in metabolic disorders is curiously related to a fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolic dysregulation, that also affects to L-serine metabolism. We are capable to synthesize an alkyne analog of 1- deoxysphinganine (doxSA), which is the metabolic precursor of all deoxySLs. This is useful for us in order to"}, {"text": "trace the metabolism of deoxySLs. With this information, now we are able to know that the metabolism of this lipids is restricted to only some lipid species. Considering the fact that we do not know much of the 1-deoxySL, there are some investigations that try to find a possible treatment for the diseases caused by this sphingolipid. In some of the experiments, there are hypothesis about a possible diabetic neuropathy treatment. This one consists in an oral L-serine supplementation since it has been demonstrated that this substance lowered 1-deoxySL concentrations in plasma."}, {"text": "Kevin Coleman (born June 30, 1983) is an American politician serving as the mayor of Westland, Michigan since 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, Coleman previously served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 2019 to 2023. Early life and education. Coleman was born in Redford, Michigan. Coleman graduated from Churchill High School. Coleman earned a bachelor's degree from Western Michigan University and attended the Lee Honors College. He is a lifelong Michigan resident. Career. Early career. Coleman was a music instructor, and worked in the community on the Westland Festival Committee and the Westland Veterans Association for several years. City council. In 2014, Coleman's political career began when he became a city councilman for Westland, Michigan. State legislature. On November 6, 2018, Coleman was elected as a Democratic member of Michigan House of Representatives for District 16. He was re-elected to the seat in 2020. In 2022, Coleman was re-elected for his third term, this time in District 25 due to Michigan's redistricting. Mayor. In 2023, Mayor Bill Wild of Westland resigned and City Council President Pro Tem Michael P. Londeau was appointed as a replacement. Coleman challenged Londeau in the following election and won 59% to 41%."}, {"text": "He is currently serving as the 10th Mayor of the City. Personal life. Coleman is Catholic. He lives in Westland, Michigan."}, {"text": "Concentration of land ownership refers to the ownership of land in a particular area by a small number of people or organizations. It is sometimes defined as additional concentration beyond that which produces optimally efficient land use. Distribution. Land concentration exists in many countries. In Brazil, one of the countries with the highest amount of land concentration, the situation has resulted in large tracts lying idle while 95% of farmers work just 11% of the arable land. In 2010, the Czech Republic had the highest concentration, according to World Bank figures. In Scotland, just 400 people own more than 50% of privately owned land. Other countries with high land concentration include the United States, Venezuela, Paraguay, South Africa, and Namibia. Land concentration is currently increasing in the European Union and the United States, but decreasing in North Africa. Development. In theory, a free market should allocate land in the most productive way, but in practice landowning groups have disproportionate power in many countries. Landlords seek to control land so they can extract rent, in the form of payments from tenant farmers, or more recently agricultural subsidies and other subsidies from the state. State policies which favor large landowners, such as"}, {"text": "differential taxation that hits free peasants harder than large landlords and serfs, are an important cause of land concentration. One way that land is accumulated is through unitary inheritance, in contrast to life estates or partible inheritance which tend to redistribute land over time. Conquest can lead to land concentration if the conquerors confiscate land from the original owners. High interest rates or lack of access to credit can block poorer farmers from buying land, while debt can force them to sell to larger landholders. Historically, when land owning becomes less profitable, landowners sell and rural peasants have an opportunity to acquire land. Along with land reform, inheritance taxes and capital gains taxes have also led to the breakup of some estates. Land reform in some countries, including Ireland, South Korea, Japan, and Mexico, have significantly reduced land concentration. Effects. Critics argue that concentrated land ownership gives the landowner too much power over local communities, reduces opportunities, and impedes economic growth. One study of nineteenth-century Prussia found an inverse correlation between large estates and educational enrollment. In Central America, an economic boom in coffee production led to vastly different results in different countries: Costa Rica and Colombia were dominated by"}, {"text": "smallholdings and experienced democratization and surging literacy rates, while in El Salvador and Guatemala, rural laborers earned bare subsistence. Studies in 48 developing countries found a correlation between land concentration and deforestation. Another study found an inverse correlation between inequality of land ownership and economic growth. According to a Scottish landlord group, however, land use is more important than land ownership, and there is not enough evidence for a negative effect. Scholars have linked land inequality with unstable democracies and dictatorships, whereas greater land equality tends to be linked to stable democratic forms of government. According to some economists, concentrated land ownership in non-Western countries explains the Great Divergence in outcomes between wealthy, Western countries and the rest of the world. Israeli economist Oded Galor writes the mediating factor for this effect was that large landholdings gave the landowning elites political power to stop reforms aimed at improving education rates and therefore human capital, which in turn facilitated the divergence. According to Gary Libecap, differences in land ownership patterns explain much of the different development trajectories between the United States and Latin America. He attributes the greater success and entrepreneurial spirit of the United States to its Homestead Acts giving"}, {"text": "land to prospective smallholders. Although there has been some debate as to the optimal size of landholdings for agricultural productivity, research has indicated that unlike industry, which benefits from economy of scale, the most productive farms are small- to medium- sized family farms cultivated with a minimum of hired labor. This may be because family labor is cheaper and more productive than hired labor, or because crops benefit from close attention. (The phenomenon of small farms being more efficient is known as the inverse relationship). On the other hand, land fragmentation is known to reduce productivity of land."}, {"text": "Zheleznodorozhny razyezd 299 () is a rural locality (a passing loop) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 28 as of 2010."}, {"text": "Zheleznodorozhny razyezd 324 () is a rural locality (a passing loop) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010."}, {"text": "Zheleznodorozhny razyezd 332 () is a rural locality (a passing loop) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 28 as of 2010."}, {"text": "Zholobov () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Krasnooktyabrskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 243 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Zholobov is located in steppe, 45 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Krasny Oktyabr is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sihwei Elementary School is a metro station on the Green Line operated by Taichung Metro in Beitun District, Taichung, Taiwan. The station name is taken from the nearby Sihwei Elementary School, and is the only station name in the network to use Tongyong Pinyin."}, {"text": "Zavolzhsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Zavolzhskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,828 as of 2010. There are 17 streets. Geography. Zavolzhsky is located 2 km north of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pallasovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zalivnoy () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Savinskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 155 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Zalivnoy is located on the right bank of the Torgun River, 17 km east of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Limanny is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Val di Chy is a \"comune\" (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont. It was created in January 2019 with the merger of the former \"comuni\" of Pecco, Alice Superiore and Lugnacco."}, {"text": "The tarantella is a traditional dance form, and accompanying music, with a distinctive rhythm, from the south of Italy. Tarantellas appear in many pieces of classical music, in literature, and in popular culture."}, {"text": "Cinema of Sudan refers to both the history and present of the making or screening of films in cinemas or film festivals, as well as to the persons involved in this form of audiovisual culture of the Sudan and its history from the late nineteenth century onwards. It began with cinematography during the British colonial presence in 1897 and developed along with advances in film technology during the twentieth century. After independence in 1956, a first era of indigenous Sudanese documentary and feature film production was established, but financial constraints and discouragement by the Islamist government led to the decline of cinema from the 1990s onwards. In the 2010s, several initiatives by Sudanese filmmakers both in Khartoum as well as in the Sudanese diaspora have brought about a revival of filmmaking and public interest in film shows in Sudan. Since 2019, a new generation of Sudanese filmmakers such as Hajooj Kuka, Amjad Abu Alala, Suhaib Gasmelbari, Marwa Zein and Suzannah Mirghani have attracted international attention. Cinema in colonial Sudan. Sudan saw some of the earliest filmmaking in Africa to take place in the British Empire: John Benett-Stanford, a soldier turned war correspondent, shot footage of British troops in 1897, just"}, {"text": "before the Battle of Omdurman. This short and silent film was projected and sold in Britain under the title \"Alarming the Queen's Company of Grenadiers Guards at Omdurman\". In 1912, the British colonial authorities made a documentary film of King George V and Queen Mary's visit to the country and screened it in open-air theatres in Khartoum and El Obeid. During the early years of the 20th century, pioneering filmmakers travelled up the Nile from Cairo to Khartoum and beyond, shooting films for curious audiences at home, for example in a documentary showing Lord Kitchener inspecting his troops in Khartoum. In 1921, the British silent war film \"The Four Feathers,\" whose story takes place during the Anglo-Egyptian campaign against the Mahdist State, was partly shot in Sudan. Eight years later, the American silent movie The Four Feathers (1929) was produced for Paramount Pictures, again with some scenes filmed in Sudan. The same story has been turned into several later movies, of which \"The Four Feathers\" (1939), filmed on location in Technicolor by Zoltan Korda has been considered as the most \"harrowingly beautiful of all desert spectaculars.\" Starting in the late 1920s, Greek businessmen, who had also been among the earliest"}, {"text": "photographers in Sudan, established cinemas for silent films in Khartoum. Local businessmen later founded the \"Sudan Cinema Corporation\", which opened cinemas in other cities and distributed imported films. The magazine \"El Fajr\" had weekly pages on science, literature and movies. In the 1940s, the colonial government employed mobile cinemas on vans and the Sudan Railways\u2019 \u2018Public Enlightenment\u2019 Car, trying to influence local audience's perceptions of the Second World War. British officials were concerned about how Sudanese, like colonial subjects in other colonies, would see events in Europe. \"Desert Victory\" (1943), a film about the Allies' North African campaign against German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel and the Afrika Korps, and \"Partners in Victory\", a documentary about the Sudan Defense Force in North Africa, were projected for crowds in provincial capitals all over Sudan. These travelling movie shows presented war films and short films about government information and educational themes, made by the mobile Sudanese film-making unit for Sudanese audiences. In her book \"Living with Colonialism: Nationalism and Culture in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan\" historian Heather J. Sharkey describes the influence of photographs and films through the British educational system: It was precisely in the emerging visual art of documentary films that Gadalla"}, {"text": "Gubara, reputed to have been the first Sudanese cameraman, was trained for the Colonial Film Unit in Sudan. Cinema from independence up to the 2010s. From 1950s to 1980s. When Sudan gained independence in 1956, the new authorities established the Sudan Film Unit to make short educational documentaries and newsreels, shown both in the cinemas of major cities as well as on mobile cinema trucks. In the 1960s, more than 70 cinemas in Khartoum and other major cities showed mainly Indian, Egyptian, American or Italian films, but also news and commercials. Despite the growing number of people who could afford television sets, the popularity of \"going to the movies\" was considerable, as reflected by \"Cinema Cinema\", a weekly film show on the government-owned Sudan National Broadcasting Corporation television channel that had started in 1962. Further, a magazine in Arabic titled \"Radio, Television and Theatre\" was published, with an article about Cinema in Sudan in its 1978 edition. Starting in the late 1960s, Sudanese women also became professionally involved in various activities of radio and television: Wisal Musa Hasan was the first camerawoman in the Sudan Film Unit, as a short documentary clip from the archives of Sudan Memory shows. In"}, {"text": "an article about the rise and decline of cinema in the city of Wad Madani, the popularity of \"going to the movies\" was explained in terms of its importance for public cultural life, providing a \"fresh breath of freedom in light of the country's independence.\" For many urban dwellers, movie shows were the only public forms of entertainment at the time. This applied both to educated and less educated people, as well as to women and girls, who were admitted as families in the company of their male relatives. The first feature-length film made in Sudan was \"Hopes and Dreams\", directed in 1970 by Ibrahim Mallassy and shot in black and white, with Rashid Mahdi as director of photography. After that, very few feature films were made, mainly due to lack of funding. Hussein Shariffe, a Sudanese painter, poet and lecturer at the Faculty of Arts of Khartoum University, became known as a filmmaker from the 70s onwards. In 1973, he was head of the film section in the Ministry of Culture and Information and directed his first film, \"The Throwing of Fire,\" a documentary about a ritual related to the power of fire, celebrated by the Ingessana tribe in"}, {"text": "the southern Blue Nile State\". \"This new artistic experience prompted him to return to the United Kingdom to study film at the National Film and Television School. Until 1997, Shariffe made several documentaries, for example \"The Dislocation of Amber\", a poetic documentary about the historic port of \"Suakin\" on the Red Sea, or \"Diary in Exile\", an account of the life in exile of Sudanese in Egypt. In appreciation of Shariffe's artistic output, the Sudan Independent Film Festival, founded in 2014, is held annually on the anniversary of Shariffe's death. The Sudanese filmmaker with the most widely ranging work of more than 100 documentaries and newsreels, Gadalla Gubara, also produced feature films, most notably the tribal love story \"Tajouj\" in 1979. His daughter, Sara Gadalla Gubara, who studied film making in Cairo as well as through training by her father, assisted him in his private film production company \"Studio Gad\" and became the first female filmmaker in Sudan. Sara's film \"The Lover of Light\" (2004) is both a metaphor for Gadalla Gubara and for his interest in bringing social issues to light through filmmaking. Established in 1989, the Sudan Film Group (SFG) in Omdurman, a non-profit organisation promoting film shows"}, {"text": "and the local film industry was composed of professionals involved in filmmaking, artistic production and development communication. The SFG has produced films, organises shows, trainings and workshops and also was screening films in outdated cinemas. 1990s to 2010. After the military coup of 1989, Sudan's Islamist government suppressed cinema, as well as much of public cultural life. As a consequence, the Sudanese Cinema Company was dissolved and the country's cinema screens showcasing Hollywood, Bollywood and Arabic movies were all eventually shut down, and later put up for sale. The old Coliseum Cinema, for example, became part of Khartoum's riot police headquarters. Movies from the 1960s, '70s, and '80s became extremely rare to be seen, and those in the National Archives were locked away and neglected. Up to the 2020s, there was no film archive accessible to the public, and even still images from these periods are scattered all over the country. These economic and political restrictions, along with the rise of satellite TV and the Internet, led people to rather watch films in their homes and deprived Sudanese artists of public recognition, funding for the production or distribution of films, and, most of all, freedom of artistic expression. In their"}, {"text": "2017 documentary \"Sudan's forgotten films\", Suhaib Gasmelbari and Katharina von Schroeder created a portrait of the last two remaining Sudanese film experts, Awad Eldaw and Benjamin Chowkwan, who had been trying for 40 years to take care of the National Film Archives. The archive holds about 13.000 films, and was critically endangered by neglect from the government, extreme weather conditions and a general disregard for historical films from the country's early decades since independence. Enjoying wider margins of expression, some filmmakers of Sudanese origin and living abroad made independent films about their country, like British-Sudanese filmmaker Taghreed Elsanhouri. Her documentaries \"Our Beloved Sudan, All about Darfur, Orphanage of Mygoma\" and \"Mother Unknown\" explore both the complex as well as the film director's views as a member of the important Sudanese diaspora community. Revival of cinema and movie production since the 2010s. Fresh start with digital productions. Aided by the introduction of digital film equipment, workshops for a new generation of filmmakers, independent funding and recognition at international festivals, the 2010s saw several successful initiatives to re-establish film activities in Sudan. In 2013, the Sudan Film Factory was founded as an independent association for networking and promoting cinema in and outside"}, {"text": "of the country, and in 2014, the Sudan Independent Film Festival started its annual editions of growing popularity. As there is no specialised institution for training or public funding for producing or presenting films in Sudan, filmmakers have been focussing on commercial, corporate, music or wedding videos, or by distributing their films online. Some are employed as freelancers for international media producers. For short or long documentary or feature films, they rely exclusively on private or foreign funding and cooperation. The Sudan Film Factory helped filmmakers access grants and loans. Other private entities offering grants and training to filmmakers in Sudan include institutions such as the local branches of the Goethe Institute and the British Council, the Doha Film Institute, Filmmakers Without Borders (FWB), the Deutsche Welle Akademie Film Development Fund, and the Arab Fund for Arts and Culture (AFAC). Also, the 'Swiss Initiative' has been conducting workshops and training for filmmakers. Their project is funded by UNESCO, as well as Swiss and international filmmakers. In 2014, Sudanese filmmaker Hajooj Kuka, who was living both in Sudan and abroad at the time, made an internationally acclaimed documentary film about the ongoing attacks of the Sudanese army on the people in"}, {"text": "the Nuba mountains. Kuka's film \"Beats of the Antonov\" provides an artistic collage about war, music, and local identity on Sudan's southern frontiers and could not be shown in Sudan under the government of the time. In 2015, director Mohammed Kordofani was distinguished as best director with the Taharqa International Award for Arts for his short film \"Gone for Gold\". His second short film, \"Nyerkuk\" (2016), received numerous distinctions, including the Network of Alternative Arab Screens (NAAS) Award at Carthage Film Festival, the Jury Award at Oran International Arabic Film Festival, and the Black Elephant Award at the Sudan Independent Film Festival. Revival of public film shows before the civil war. Starting in early 2021, and in the context of measures for social distancing during the Covid-19 pandemic, the British Council in Khartoum and local sponsors organised a film festival for both European and Sudanese movies at an outdoor, drive-in cinema space, thus presenting film shows in a new way. This format of the European-Sudanese Film Festival was repeated in June 2022, when new movies by upcoming Sudanese filmmakers were shown. In May 2022, Bono Cinema, the \"first international cinema\" in Sudan started showing current foreign movies in Khartoum with"}, {"text": "a capacity of more than 300 seats. Contemporary filmmakers and movies. In 2015, parts of the film archive of Gadalla Gubara were digitised by a German-Sudanese film restoration project, allowing his documentaries about everyday life in Khartoum of the 1960s, as well as his feature film \"Tajouj\" to be shown to new generations in Khartoum as well as abroad. The 40-minute feature film \"Iman: Faith at the crossroads\", directed and written by filmmaker Mia Bittar, was produced in 2016 with the support of UNDP Sudan and presented the same year at the headquarters of the UN in New York. It tells four stories of young Sudanese, who have been attracted by terrorism, and is based on true events. In 2019, the documentary \"Talking about Trees\" by Suhaib Gasmelbari, a story about three Sudanese filmmakers of the 1960s and the decline of cinema in Sudan, won awards at the Berlin International Film Festival and other international festivals. The same year, the feature film \"You Will Die at Twenty\" by Amjad Abu Alala, a Sudanese filmmaker based in Dubai, won the \"'Lion of the Future Award\"' at the Venice Days, an independent film festival section held in association with the Venice Film"}, {"text": "Festival. A female Sudanese filmmaker, who studied film direction in Egypt and Germany, is Marwa Zein. Her documentary \"Khartoum Offside\" tells the story of the first Sudanese women's soccer team in Khartoum. The film had its world premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival in 2019 and won awards at other international film festivals. In the early 2010s, Issraa El-Kogali, a Swedish-Sudanese screenwriter, film director and producer based in Stockholm, started to become known for her multimedia installations and films, mainly focusing on her native Sudan. In 2010, she made her first documentary film \"In Search of Hip Hop\" about the Sudanese hip hop culture. In 2020, she produced and wrote the award winning short fiction film \"A Handful of Dates\", based on the short story of the same name by Sudanese writer Tayeb Salih. In Mohamed Kordofani's \"Goodbye Julia\" of 2023, El-Kogali collaborated as co-producer. Suzannah Mirghani, who has been making short films since 2011, became internationally known through her sixth short film \"Al-Sit\". The film won 23 international awards, including three Academy Award qualifying prizes in 2021. At the 2021 Luxor African Film Festival, Sudanese actor Al-Tayeb Al-Hadi Al-Tayeb was awarded a \"Special Mention\" for his role in"}, {"text": "the short film \"Listen To My Dance,\" directed by Alyaa Sirelkhatim. Also in 2021, the documentary film \"The Art of Sin\", written and directed in Norway and Sudan by Ibrahim Mursal, who grew up in Sudan, explored the trepidation felt by the Sudanese LGBT community through the experience of his protagonist Ahmed Umar. The movie premiered at the Bergen International Film Festival in 2020 and had its UK premiere in August 2022, but has not yet been shown in Sudan. In November 2022, Sara Suliman's documentary \"Heroic Bodies\" had its first public performance at the International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam (IDFA). Based on the filmmaker's dissertation at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) at the University of London and spanning Sudanese social history from colonial times to the late 20th century, the film investigates \"how the human body was used as a means of resistance against the state, patriarchy and colonial oppression.\" In April 2023, \"Goodbye Julia,\" by Sudanese filmmaker Mohamed Kordofani, became the first Sudanese film to win the \"Prix de la Libert\u00e9\" (Freedom Prize) in the Certain Regard section of the 2023 Cannes Film Festival. It was also the first feature film produced by Station Films,"}, {"text": "a Sudanese production company founded by Amjad Abu Alala and Mohamed Alomda. In 2024 and 2025, two documentaries about the 2019 revolution and the Sudanese civil war that started in April 2023 were released. \"Sudan, remember us\" by French-Tunisian filmmaker Hind Meddeb premiered at the 81st Venice International Film Festival on 30 August 2024. It depicts the 2019 overthrow of Sudanese leader Omar Al-Bashir and the subsequent civil war that followed. The 2025 documentary film \"Khartoum\" was directed by the four young Sudanese filmmakers, Anas Saeed, Rawia Alhag, Ibrahim Snoopy, Timeea M. Ahmed, and British creative director and writer Phil Cox. It documents survival and quest for freedom through dreams, rebellion, and civil strife of five Khartoum residents. Premiered in January at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival, it was also presented at the 75th Berlin International Film Festival. Further it was awarded the Geneva International Film Festival and Forum on Human Rights (FIFDH) Gilda Vieira de Mello Prize."}, {"text": "Made for Each Other is an album by saxophonist Sonny Stitt recorded in 1968 but not released by the Delmark label until 1972. The album represents Stitt's fourth recording featuring the varitone, an electronic amplification device which altered the saxophone's sound. Reception. Allmusic reviewer Scott Yanow stated \"Sonny Stitt's regular group of the period plays a wide variety of material ... Unfortunately the set is from the period when Stitt often used a Varitone electronic attachment on his alto and tenor which gave him a much more generic sound, lowering the quality of this music despite some strong improvisations. It is an okay set that could have been better\". In JazzTimes Patricia Myers wrote \"Alto and tenor giant Sonny Stitt always could burn a bebop riff like his idol, Charlie Parker. In this 1968 studio session, Stitt is in perfect sync with ever-grooving organist Don Patterson and tasty drummer Billy James\"."}, {"text": "The 1823 Michigan Territorial Council election was held in the Territory of Michigan to elect the members of the territory's newly-formed legislative council. Background. Since its creation from part of Indiana Territory in 1805, the government of Michigan Territory had consisted of a governor, a secretary, and three judges; the governor and judges together formed the legislative branch of government. This was the first stage of territorial government outlined in the Northwest Ordinance. An election called by Governor Cass in 1818 to decide whether to move to the second stage of government\u2014an elected legislature\u2014failed largely due to concerns over the cost that would be borne by the territory. Public discontent with the first stage government continued to mount, until in 1822 hundreds of residents petitioned Congress for reform. An act of Congress on March 3, 1823, created a four-year term for the judges and transferred the powers of the territory to the governor and a legislative council of nine people serving terms of two years. Members of the council were to be appointed by the president of the United States, with the advice and consent of the Senate, from a slate of 18 people chosen in a general election. Election."}, {"text": "The Act of March 3, 1823, specified that the 18 people should be chosen by the qualified electors of the territory at the next election of its delegate to Congress, following the same rules as that election. The date of that election had been set as the first Thursday in September of every odd-numbered year by a May 20, 1819, act of the governor and judges of the territory. The elections were to be held at the \"seat of justice\" in each county in the territory. The next election following the Act of March 3, 1823, was on September 4, 1823. Territorial Governor Lewis Cass submitted the 18 names to John Quincy Adams, then the U.S. secretary of state, on October 30, 1823. Cass also included the vote totals and county of residence, saying, \"So far as the President in the selection may think fit to be guided by the wish of the people, as expressed by their votes, or by an apportionment of the representatives among the different parts of the Territory, these data may be important\". In a letter to General Alexander Macomb in November 1823, Cass asked Macomb to meet with the secretary of state to express"}, {"text": "his desire that the top nine vote-earners be appointed. Cass feared that if that anyone else were appointed, he would be accused of having influenced the decision, a charge which he felt would be \"seriously injurious\". Macomb had a conversation with Adams about it on November 20 and forwarded Cass's letter to him the following day. President James Monroe issued a commission on February 4, 1824, appointing the top nine vote-earners to the council, as Cass had suggested. On April 15, Governor Cass issued a proclamation calling for the first Legislative Council of the Territory of Michigan to convene in Detroit on June 1, 1824."}, {"text": "Bohdan Butenko (8 February 1931 \u2013 14 October 2019) was a Polish cartoonist, illustrator, comic book writer and artist, as well as puppet designer. His notable works include the comic series \"Kwapiszon\", \"Gapiszon\" (\"Scatterbrain\") cartoons, as well as \"Gucio i Cezar\" comics (written by Krystyna Boglar). He published his cartoons in numerous children's magazines, such as \"P\u0142omyk\", \"P\u0142omyczek\", \"Mi\u015b\", \"\u015awierszczyk\", as well as the magazines \"Szpilki\" and \"Przekr\u00f3j\", and illustrated numerous children's books. He was awarded the Order of Polonia Restituta in 2011 and Order of the Smile in 2012."}, {"text": "AZ64 or AZ64 Encoding is a data compression algorithm proprietary to Amazon Web Services. Amazon claims better compression and better speed than raw, LZO or Zstandard, when used in Amazon's Redshift service."}, {"text": "The is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Keisei Electric Railway on Narita Sky Access Line services. The top speed of Keisei 3100 series is . Formation. the fleet consists of six 8-car sets which are formed as follows. Car 1 is at the Narita Airport end. Interior. The interior includes passenger information displays, security cameras, and wheelchair spaces. Seating accommodation consists of longitudinal seating throughout and includes foldable seats, in order to provide more space for luggage. In addition, the seat backs are approximately higher than those of the 3000 series. History. Two eight-car sets were built in 2019. The trains entered service on 26 October 2019. Delivery of a third set, set 3153, began on 7 July 2020. On 29 September 2021, it was announced by Keisei that new sets 3155 and 3156 were expected to enter service on 12 November and 30 September 2021, respectively. These two sets differ from preceding sets as they feature ladders at the end of cars 1 and 8 to allow for quick evacuation in the event of an emergency. The 3100 series and Shin-Keisei 80000 series trains were jointly developed. In early 2023, Keisei"}, {"text": "announced that an additional set would be purchased as part of its 2023 capital investment plan. This set entered service on 18 June 2023."}, {"text": "Yusif Huseynov (; 15 October 1928 \u2013 1 September 2009) was a painter, Honored Art Worker and People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR. Biography. Huseynov was born on October 15, 1928, in Baku. He graduated from Painting School named after Azim Azimzade in 1949, and from Surikov Moscow Art Institute in 1955. Huseynov was elected chairman of the Union of Artists of Azerbaijan in 1977. In the same year he was appointed secretary of the Union of Artists of the USSR. He led the Union of Artists of Azerbaijan until 1987. The artist worked for a long time as the head of the painting department at Azerbaijan State University of Culture and Arts. Since 2000, he had been a professor at Azerbaijan State Academy of Fine Arts. He was elected deputy of Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR on several summonses. Huseynov was awarded the title of Honored Art Worker of the Azerbaijan SSR in 1964 and People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR in 1979. Huseynov lived in Tashkent in Yunusabad, 1980-2006. In 2016, for the 70th anniversary his bas-relief opened in front of his Tashkent apartment. Huseynov returned to Azerbaijan in the second half of the 50s. The talented graphic"}, {"text": "artist debuted at the exhibition of young artists of the Transcaucasus (1958) and his first independent works attracted the attention of spectators and critics. Huseynov began his career as an artist of a book. However, he found interest in other types of graphics, in particular, easel drawing (especially lithography) and a political poster. The first illustrations of the artist were published in Moscow on the instructions of the magazine \"Youth\". Soon \"Detgiz\" entrusted him with the design of E.Permyak's \"The Happy Nail\" book. It was not easy for Huseynov to illustrate fairy tales, moreover, Russians. However, the artist creates drawings that convinced both the Russian character and the image of nature. In 1957, Huseynov returned to Baku and immediately became involved in creative work. In a short period of time, he drew up and illustrated new editions of the works of Azerbaijani writers: N.Narimanov\u2019s novel \u201cBahadur and Sona\u201d, M.Aliyev\u2019s novel \u201cThe Son of the Mountains\u201d, \u201cFavorites\u201d by A.Shaik, and B.Talibli\u2019s short stories. Huseynov for the first time tries his hand at color illustration - he creates watercolor drawings for books for the smallest: \u201cEkil-bekil\u201d, \u201cThe Lost Key\u201d, \u201criddles\u201d, \u201cChickens\u201d. In 1964, a book of short stories by Suleyman Rahimov, \u201cLaughing"}, {"text": "Fish,\u201d designed by Y.Huseynov, was published in Baku. Actively collaborating in periodicals, he was one of the first workers in the children's magazine \"Goyarchin\" (\"Dove\"). He periodically drew for other magazines and newspapers. In 1951, at the exhibition, Y.Slossonshowed the originals of his posters on the liberation movement of the peoples of Asia and Africa: \u201cFor complete liberation\u201d, \u201cWe demand peace, freedom\u201d, \u201cThe Sun illuminates the path to victory\u201d. The artist completed his first easel series based on the novel by Mehdi Huseyn \u201cCommissar\u201d after returning from Moscow. Exhibited at the 1957 Jubilee Art Exhibition, this series attracted viewers with the dramatic nature of the episodes depicted (\u201cFamily Woe\u201d, \u201cMeeting with Mother\u201d), and dynamic composition (\u201cFarewell, comrades\u201d). The series also included a portrait image of Meshadi Azizbekov - the hero of the novel \u201cCommissar\u201d. In auto-lithograph \u201cOrdinary morning\u201d from the series \u201cOn the expanses of the Caspian\u201d along the overpass, sea workers move over stormy waves. In the lithograph \"Spring\" - the images of young men and women, the vastness of the Caspian Sea, the sky - everything is imbued with optimism, spring freshness. At the All-Union Exhibition \"Watching the World\" in 1965, a series of color autolithographs by Y.Slosson\"On"}, {"text": "the Border\" dedicated to the everyday life of the defenders of our southern borders was successful. The prints \u201cIn the reeds\u201d, \u201cThe playwright Jafar Jabbarly\u201d, the landscapes \u201cKhinalug\u201d, a series of portraits and landscapes performed on a fishing trip, a large series of watercolors called \u201cFishermen of the Caspian Sea\u201d - these are not all that were created by the young artist. A series of watercolors called \u201cKhinalug Landscapes\u201d, created after the trip to the northern regions (\u201cCloudy Day\u201d, \u201cRoofs\u201d, \u201cRoad to Kurush\u201d, etc.), especially the watercolor painting \u201cEvening in the Village\u201d, were successfully demonstrated both at USSR and abroad. His compositions are monumental. At republican and all-Union exhibitions, along with graphic works, Huseynov also showed paintings. Among them, one can especially note \u201cTo his native village\u201d, \u201cSails\u201d, \u201cOn the shore of the Kura\u201d, \u201cWedding\u201d, \u201cArax\u201d, \u201cYouth\u201d, \u201cMay 1945\u201d, \u201cFishermen\u201d. In addition, over the years, he created portraits of prominent figures of Azerbaijan (Nizami Ganjavi, Ismail I, Fuzuli, Ajami Nakhchivani), as well as thematic paintings based on their works. The portrait of Dede Korkut, created to participate in the contest announced on the occasion of the anniversary of Dede Korkut, was approved and included in the Encyclopedia of Dede Korkut."}, {"text": "Impressed by the 1992 genocide by the Armenians against the Azerbaijani people in Khojaly, he created a painting \"Motherhood\". Famous artist Huseynov died on September 1, 2009."}, {"text": "Helmuth Emil Froschauer (22 September 1933 \u2013 18 August 2019) was an Austrian conductor, especially a choral conductor who received his first training as a member of the Wiener S\u00e4ngerknaben. He conducted the choir from 1953 to 1965, including 22 international tours. He went on to conduct the choirs of the Wiener Singverein, the Vienna State Opera and the WDR Rundfunkchor K\u00f6ln. As a close collaborator of Herbert von Karajan from 1989, he prepared choirs for the Salzburg Festival among others. Life and career. Born in Vienna, Froschauer received his musical education with the Wiener S\u00e4ngerknaben boys' choir. He studied piano, horn, composition and conducting at the Wiener Musikakademie. From 1953 to 1965 he conducted one of the choirs of the Wiener S\u00e4ngerknaben. As Kapellmeister he led this ensemble on 22 international tours. He conducted the choir in recordings and the film \"Almost Angels\". At the beginning of the 1960s, as musical director of the Walt Disney Productions in Vienna, he also directed several music films with the Vienna Symphony Orchestra. From 1968 to 1991 Froschauer was, at times simultaneously, solo r\u00e9p\u00e9titeur and choir director at the Vienna State Opera as well as choir director of the Wiener Singverein and"}, {"text": "the Bregenzer Festspiele. As a close collaborator of Herbert von Karajan from 1989, he was involved in the preparation of numerous concerts, recordings, and television recordings at Salzburg Festival, Berliner Festwochen, and Wiener Festwochen. Froschauer worked for the Westdeutscher Rundfunk K\u00f6ln from 1992, first as choir director of the WDR Rundfunkchor K\u00f6ln, then from 1997/99 to 2003 also as chief conductor of the WDR Rundfunkorchester K\u00f6ln, of which he later became honorary conductor. For many years, Froschauer and two other colleagues have also conducted the Sunday masses in the Vienna , in which the Wiener S\u00e4ngerknaben also took part. Froschauer died in Vienna at age 85. His son is the violinist Daniel Froschauer, chairman of the Vienna Philharmonic."}, {"text": "Licypriya Kangujam (; born 2 October 2011) is a child environmental activist from Manipur, India. One of the youngest climate activists globally, she addressed world leaders at the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Madrid, Spain, asking them to take immediate climate action. Licypriya has been campaigning for climate action in India since 2018, to pass new laws to curb India's high pollution levels, and to make climate-change literacy mandatory in schools. She has been regarded as India's Greta Thunberg, though she does not like the usage of this term. Licypriya started advocating against climate change in July 2018. On 21 June 2019, inspired by Greta Thunberg, Licypriya started spending a week outside the Indian parliament House to draw the attention of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to pass a climate change law in India. Early life. Licypriya Kangujam was born on 2 October 2011 in Bashikhong, Manipur, India, the eldest daughter of Kanarjit Kangujam and Bidyarani Devi Kangujam Ongbi, in a family of Meitei ethnicity. When she was six, she began raising her voice to combat climate change and disaster risk reduction. In 2018, Licypriya attended a UN disaster conference in Mongolia along with her father. This inspired her"}, {"text": "to get involved in activism. In an article in the BBC News she stated, \"I got lots of inspiration and new knowledge from the people giving speeches. It was a life-changing event.\" Licypriya founded the \"Child Movement\" soon after to raise awareness, urging protection of the planet by tackling climate change and natural disasters. Activism. Kerala Flood 2018. Licypriya donated her savings of Rupees 100,000 to the Chief Minister of Kerala Pinarayi Vijayan on 24 August 2018 to help the child victims of the massive 2018 Kerala floods. Two years later she received an acknowledgement letter from the Kerala government. Licypriya's donation to the Chief Minister supported work to protect children hit by the flood. She felt her small contribution would help make a difference during a tough time. Visits to Africa. Licypriaya attended the UNESCO Partners' Forum 2019 (Biennial Luanda) in Luanda, Angola, invited by UNESCO, the African Union and the government of Angola. She spoke on climate change along with Angolan President Jo\u00e3o Louren\u00e7o, Mali President Ibrahim Boubacar Ke\u00efta, Malawi President Hage Geingob, President of the Republic of the Congo Denis Sassou Nguesso, First Lady of Angola Ana Dias Louren\u00e7o, First Lady of Namibia Monica Geingos, 2018 Nobel"}, {"text": "Peace Prize Laureate Denis Mukwege, UNESCO Director General Audrey Azoulay, Deputy Prime Minister of Guinea Fran\u00e7ois Lonseny Fall and culture ministers of Africa. Survival Kit for the Future. On 4 October 2019, Licypriya brought out a symbolic device called SUKIFU (Survival Kit for the Future) to curb air pollution. SUKIFU is an almost zero budget kit designed from trash to provide fresh air to breathe when pollution is bad. This wearable plant is a recognition of the Green Movement for air pollution. Anybody can build up this concept at home from by recycling trash to instill fresh air directly into the lungs. Licypriya launched it in front of the Punjab and Haryana Legislative Assembly House. She drew the attention of the leaders to find urgent solutions to address the crisis of air pollution in the Delhi and National Capital Region. She added that although the project is inspired by the air pollution in Delhi, she doesn't want its message to only be about the environment. Instead, she said, it's about the same adaptability that caused her to come forward with a mission, with the qualities of resilience that it takes to survive now and in the future. She developed the"}, {"text": "model with the support of Chandan Ghosh, professor at Indian Institute of Technology Jammu (IIT). Great October March 2019. On 21 October 2019, Licypriya started the \"Great October March 2019\" at India Gate, New Delhi with thousands of her supporters. The march took place from 21 to 27 October in various locations to request immediate action on climate change and to enact a climate law in India. COP25. Licypriya spoke at the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference, also known as COP25, urging world leaders to act now on climate change. 26,000 people from 196 countries attended this event. It was held from 2 December to 13 December in Madrid, Spain, hosted by the government of Chile with logistical support of the government of Spain under the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). Licypriya met UN Secretary-General Ant\u00f3nio Guterres during COP25 and submitted a memorandum \"on behalf of the children of the world.\" The memorandum stated that she wants to create a better place for all children of the world. She was praised by Guterres. Greta Thunberg and several other global leaders participated during the event. World Economic Forum 2020. In 2020, Licypriya published a letter to the"}, {"text": "participants at the World Economic Forum with activists Greta Thunberg, Luisa Neubauer, Isabelle Axelsson, and Loukina Tille, calling on companies, banks and governments to immediately stop subsidizing fossil fuels. In an opinion piece given to The Guardian they said, \"We don't want these things done by 2050, 2030 or even 2021, we want this done now \u2013 as in right now. We call upon the world\u2019s leaders to stop investing in the fossil fuel economy that is at the very heart of this planetary crisis. Instead, they should invest their money in existing sustainable technologies, research and in restoring nature. Short-term profit should not trump long-term stability of life.\" Earth Day 2020. Licypriya addressed global gatherings on Earth Day 2020 at Washington, D.C., United States. The event was virtual, due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. She was featured with 50 other global leaders, influencers, celebrities, athletes and musicians, including Pope Francis, Sylvia Earle, Denis Hayes, Bill McKibben, Global Advisory Committee Member Albert II (Prince of Monaco), Alexandria Villase\u00f1or, Al Gore, Patricia Espinosa, Christiana Figueres, Michelle Dilhara, Jerome Foster II, John Kerry, Thomas Lovejoy, Ed Begley Jr., Zac Efron, Anil Kapoor, Van Jones, Ricky Keij, Paul Nicklen and Alex"}, {"text": "Honnold, giving a message of hope to fight the ongoing climate crisis. TED talks. On 18 February 2020, she addressed the TEDxSBSC held in Delhi University, New Delhi, India. On 23 February 2020 she addressed the TEDxGateway held in Mumbai and received a standing ovation for her speech. She addressed TEDx talks six times by the time she was nine years old. Campaign for teaching climate change in schools. Licypriya has been campaigning to make lessons in climate change mandatory in schools, and in response the government of the Indian state of Gujarat has included climate change in school education. COP28. On 11 December 2023, at 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28), Licypriya walked on to the main stage of the conference, holding up a sign, \"End fossil fuels. Save our planet and our future.\", and giving a brief speech. She was given a round of applause before being removed from the session by security personnel. According to Licypriya, she was banned from further participation in COP28. Recognition. Licypriya was honored with the title \"Rising Star\" by the Earth Day Network headquarters based in Washington, D.C. On 19 November 2019, she received the \"SDGs Ambassador Award 2019\" at Chandigarh"}, {"text": "University, presented by Dainik Bhaskar in collaboration with NITI Aayog, Government of India. Licypriya also received the \"Global Child Prodigy Award 2020\" on 3 January 2020 in New Delhi, presented by Lieutenant Governor of Pondicherry Kiran Bedi. Controversies. In a report by \"The Times of India\" in June 2021, it was revealed that some of Licypriya's early awards were given to her by her father's organisations. Her father Kanarjit Kangujam Singh was arrested on 31 May 2021 for allegedly duping several self-help groups, hotels and individuals of money for a Global Youth Meet that he had organised in Imphal in 2014. Nearly a hundred children from 12 countries claim Kanarjit Kangujam scammed them. Kanarjit Kangujam also known as Dr KK Singh was arrested in a joint operation with Manipur Police in connection with a fraud case. Involvement in the Kuki-Meitei conflict Since the outbreak of the Kuki-Meitei conflict in Manipur on 3 May 2023, Licypriya Kangujam has been accused by some of supporting the Arambai Tenggol (AT), a Meitei radical organization. On 14 May 2023, Kangujam reportedly posted on her Facebook account, expressing support for AT, stating, \"I support Arambai Tenggol. More power to you all.\" On 21 January 2024,"}, {"text": "through crowdfunding, she facilitated the purchase of two thermal drones, which she and her mother handed over to Korounganba Khuman, the leader of AT. She also provided boots and jackets to AT volunteers on the same day."}, {"text": "Staffan Oscar Stockenberg (14 September 1931 \u2013 20 May 2019) was a Swedish tennis player. Tennis career. As a junior, Stockenberg achieved significant successes and won two consecutive junior singles titles at the Wimbledon Championships, in 1948 and 1949. He also won the Swedish Junior Championship title five times from 1945 to 1949. Stockenberg's first tournament victory was at the North of England Hardcourts event in Scarborough when he beat the Polish player Czeslaw Spychala 6\u20134, 6\u20134 in the final. Stockenberg represented Sweden on two occasions in the Davis Cup. In 1953, he together with Lennart Bergelin and Sven Davidson met Italy in the European quarterfinal tie and in 1955, Torsten Johansson joined the Swedish team for European final in Milan, once again against Italy. Stockenberg played one match in each of these ties and lost both, in 1953 against Giuseppe Merlo and in 1955 against Fausto Gardini."}, {"text": "Mikko Haaparanta (born September 7, 1997) is a Finnish professional ice hockey forward currently playing for Ketter\u00e4 of Mestis. On December 17, 2018, Haaparanta was loaned to SaiPa of Liiga. He played five games for SaiPa and scored no points."}, {"text": "Unni Turrettini (born Unni Fredheim; July 8, 1972) is a writer, lawyer, citizen activist, international speaker and human connection expert. She was born in Kautokeino Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. Her first book \"The Mystery of the Lone Wolf Killer: Anders Behring Breivik and the Threat of Terror in Plain Sight\", published on November 15, 2015, is the story of Anders Behring Breivik and the Norway Massacre on July 22, 2011. \"The Mystery of the Lone Wolf Killer\" is an Amazon best seller and won the Silver Falchion Award for best adult non-fiction in 2016. She is also co-author of \"Once Upon a Fact\", a collection of short-fiction stories inspired by famous fairytales. Turrettini's book \"Betraying the Nobel: The Secrets and Corruption Behind the Nobel Peace Prize\" was published on November 3, 2020. Life and career. Turrettini was born and raised in Norway. She graduated high school as an AFS exchange student at Shawnee Mission South High School, a suburb of Kansas City, Kansas, in 1989\u20131990, as well as from Drammen Gymnas, Norway in 1992. She holds a Cand. jur. Degree in law from the University of Oslo Law Faculty (1999) and has an LL.M. in American Law from Boston"}, {"text": "University School of Law. She is also a member of The New York Bar. She worked as a lawyer in Paris, France from 1999 to 2004 and in finance in Geneva, Switzerland from 2005 to 2008. After Anders Behring Breivik killed 77 and injured hundreds more in Norway in 2011, Turrettini started researching the massacre in search of a sense of understanding. Part of her research involved speaking with experts, including former FBI Special Agent Kathleen M. Puckett who was involved in the investigation that lead to the capture of Ted Kaczynski, the so-called Unabomber, in 1995. Turrettini has participated in several TEDx Talk events, including TEDx Institut Le Rosey and TEDx Youngstown. Other presentations by Turrettini include talks at the Occidental College Mckinnon Center for Global Affairs, the University of California, Berkeley and The American-Scandinavian Foundation's Scandinavia House headquarters in New York City. She was featured on KMPH-TV Fox News in Fresno, California discussing her book \"The Mystery of the Lone Wolf Killer\". On November 11, 2020, C-SPAN broadcast a segment with Turrettini that examined the Nobel Peace Prize election committee and history from her perspective, with information from her book \"Betraying the Nobel\"."}, {"text": "Edmund Resch (9 June 1847 \u2013 22 May 1923) was a German-Australian brewer. He founded and operated the successful brewing company Resch's Limited, the name of which survives today as beer brand Resch's. Early years. son of Johann Nicolaus Resch, ironmaster, and his wife Julia Bernhardine Louise Wilhelmine, n\u00e9e Heitmann, both of Saxony. Resch was born in H\u00f6rde in Westphalia, Kingdom of Prussia and migrated to Australia in 1863 at age 16, reportedly to evade compulsory military service. He was a miner in Victoria and a succession of rural towns in New South Wales in the early 1870s before building and operating a hotel in Charters Towers in Queensland for four years. In 1877, he bought a cordial and aerated water factory at Wilcannia in far western New South Wales with one of his brothers. In 1883, they purchased a brewery at Cootamundra and named it the Lion Brewery, opening branches at Silverton and Tibooburra, but dissolved the partnership in 1885, after which Resch retained the Wilcannia interests and returned to brewing there. He appointed a manager to the brewery and moved to Melbourne in 1892. In 1895, he returned to direct involvement in the brewing trade when he moved"}, {"text": "to Sydney to work as manager of Allt's Brewing & Wine and Spirit Co. Ltd. He purchased the company himself in 1897 and bought out rival New South Wales Lager Bier Brewing Co. Ltd. in 1900, rebranding each under the Resch's name. Following the NSW Lager Bier Brewing Co. purchase, he centralised brewing operations at their former base in Dowling St, Redfern, shifting the former Allt's operations from their Waverley base but retaining the Waverley Brewery name. In 1906, he incorporated Resch's Limited as a vehicle for his now substantial brewing interests. He was consul in Sydney for the Government of the Netherlands from 1903 to 1913. Resch was partially blinded after suffering an injury at sea while returning from a visit to Germany in 1913. He returned to Germany for treatment and was there at the commencement of World War I, but fled after being threatened with internment by German authorities and returned to Australia. He financially supported the Australian war effort in World War I, contributing over \u00a33000 and topping up the military salaries of Resch's workers who enlisted, but was nonetheless interned in Holsworthy Internment Camp in 1917 at the behest of Minister for Defence George Pearce,"}, {"text": "one of a number of German businessmen to be targeted. He was hospitalised while at Holsworthy due to poor health, and was shifted to home internment at his Darling Point residence in March 1918, remaining there until the end of the war. It was reported during his internment that he had been ill for \"eight or ten years\" and was \"living in retirement\" and that his sons, Edmund and Arnold Resch, had been conducting the business. Resch died in 1923 and was buried at Waverley Cemetery. He left an estate valued at \u00a3316,829. His sons took over the business upon his death, but it collapsed in 1929 and was purchased by Tooth & Co. He was appointed as a member of the Order of Orange-Nassau in 1913. His family property, Swifts, which he owned from 1899 until his death, is listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register."}, {"text": "Noadar Dhal railway station is a railway station of Sahibganj loop line under Howrah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Noadar Dhal in Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal."}, {"text": "Olba Kingdom was an ancient kingdom in south Anatolia. It was a vassal of the Seleucid and Roman Empires. Geography. The kingdom was a small state situated in Cilicia Trachea (present Mersin Province, Turkey). It was bounded by the Toros Mountains to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Lamos River to the east and the river Calycadnus (G\u00f6ksu) to the west. Archaeologists today refer to this area as \"Olba Territorium\". Its capital was on a plateau named U\u011furalan\u0131, a settlement to the northeast of Uzuncabur\u00e7 (Diokaisareia). History. Its kings were also priests and the kingdom was an example of \"temple state\". Although a minor political power it was a prosperous state. The origin of its wealth was olive oil and grapes. It flourished during the Hellenistic Age. During the time of severe Cilician piracy, it lost its ports and its economy suffered. Ksenophanes was one of the pirates. After he was killed, his daughter Aba (who was raised as a priestess) married the king and became the de facto ruler of Olba state between 43 BC to 39 BC. Aba paid obeisance to Cleopatra of Egypt and Marcus Antonius of the Roman Republic. Olba once again flourished"}, {"text": "under Roman rule. However, after Cappadocian king Archelaus was appointed as the governor of Cilicia in 25 BC, Olba lost its semi-independence and thereafter was incorporated into the Isauria province of the Roman Empire. Archaeology of Olba. Below is the list of archaeological remains in Olba Territorium (including later additions)"}, {"text": "Ursula Vivian McCannell (11 June 1923 \u2013 16 January 2015) was a British painter known for depicting the Spanish Civil War in her early years. Her works are held in numerous private and public collections. Biography. Ursula Vivian McCannell was born in Hampstead Garden Suburb in 1923. Her father, William Otway McCannell, was a painter and teacher and her mother, Winifred Cooper, painted miniatures. When she was four years old the family moved to Farnham in Surrey where her father was appointed principal of the local School of Art. Her father taught her painting from her early years. At the age of 13, in 1936, McCannell traveled to Spain with her father, shortly before the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, events which influenced McCannell for the rest of her life. She painted her impressions of the war, depicting refuges, peasants and others. In 1939 McCannell was enrolled in the Farnham School of Art where she studied under her father till 1942. From 1942 to 1944 she studied at the Royal College of Art, RCA, under Professor Tristram. Family. In 1945 McCannell married Peter Rees Roberts who she met while studying in the RCA. They had three sons: Tristan, an"}, {"text": "architect and painter; Marcus, a painter, lecturer and printmaker; and Lucien, a designer and painter. Their family home remained in Farnham, although McCannell made yearly visits to Spain and, from 1973, to County Cork for painting. Works and exhibitions. McCannell's paintings include landscapes, figurative subjects and portraits. She worked in a simple yet distinctive technique which conveyed the characters and likeness without being overexaggerated. McCannell first exhibited her works in 1934 at the age of eleven at the Wertheim Gallery. Her Spanish Civil War paintings were exhibited at Redfern Gallery in London in 1938. At that time she was sixteen and it was her first major exhibition and she was elected a member of the Women's International Art Club. In 1940 McCannell was the youngest artist to exhibit at the Royal Academy. She also exhibited at Royal Society of Portrait Painters and with The London Group. Solo shows were held at Gimpel Fins, Roland, as well as Browse and Delbanco galleries. Numerous solo and group shows followed at notable galleries and societies, including the Royal Academy, Leicester Galleries, Leger Gallery and at the New English Art Club. Her exhibitions were widely presented at the Ashgate Gallery in Farnham and Trackeray"}, {"text": "Gallery. Starting from 1960 both McCannell and her husband regularly exhibited in Cadaqu\u00e9s in Spain, and it became their second home. In 1989 the entire McCannel/Rees Roberts family presented their exhibition \u201cThree Generations\u201d at the England & Co Gallery in London. In June 2013 McCannell's last solo show was held at the Fosse Gallery, Stow-on-the-Wold, which was very successful. In 2015 McCannell's works, along with other 80 works of 30 artists, were included in \"Awareness and conflict: British Artists and Spanish Civil War\", at the Pallant House Gallery, in Chichester. McCannell's paintings are held in many public and private collections such as Contemporary Art Society and Manchester City Art Gallery."}, {"text": "John S. Greenspan (January 7, 1938 \u2013 March 31, 2023) was an academic dentist/scientist and university administrator. His degrees and diplomas include BSc, BDS, Ph.D., FRCPath, FDSRCS (Eng). He was the Director-Emeritus of the AIDS Research Institute at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). He was also the founding Director of the UCSF AIDS Specimen Bank (1982-2017) and of the UCSF Oral AIDS Center (1986\u20132005). Early life and education. Greenspan was a Distinguished Professor-Emeritus of Oral Pathology in the Department of Orofacial Sciences and he was also the former Associate Dean for Global Oral Health and for Research and Graduate Education in the School of Dentistry as well as of Pathology in the School of Medicine at UCSF. He was a Fellow of King's College, London. He was a faculty member at UCSF since 1976. His early education was at the Royal Liberty School, Romford, Essex and at Hendon County School, Hendon, Middlesex, England. His university education was at the Royal Dental Hospital School of Dental Surgery (BDS), Royal School Free Hospital School of Medicine where he earned a BSc First in Anatomy, the Royal Postgraduate Medical School with AGE Pearse (PhD) and St George's Hospital School of Medicine"}, {"text": "(M then FRCPath), all schools of the University of London. Work. In 1996-97 he was the Burroughs-Wellcome Professor of the UK Royal Society of Medicine and in 2010 the Distinguished Scientist Award recipient of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR). He was a Member of the US National Academy of Medicine and in 1990 he was awarded the honorary degree of ScD by Georgetown University. In 2012, he was awarded the triennial American Dental Association Gold Medal Award for Excellence in Dental Research. He was also a Past-President of the American Association for Dental Research 1988-1989 and of the International Association for Dental Research 1996\u20131997. He was also the founding President of the International Association for Dental Research Global Oral Health Inequalities Research Network (IADR-GOHIRN) and of the Consortium of Universities for Global Health's Global Oral Health Interest Group (GOHIG). He was for 20 years a Division, then department chair at UCSF, where he was a prime mover in building the science of that School, leading to it being the leader in USA dental schools\u2019 extramural funding for 25 years. He was Chair of the Faculty of the School of Dentistry, Chair of the San Francisco Division of the"}, {"text": "UC Academic Senate and served on and chaired many Senate and campus, also Systemwide committees. He and his spouse and colleague Deborah Greenspan were jointly the recipients of the UCSF Faculty Senate Campuswide Research Lecture Award in Translational Science in 2014, the first time in the history of UCSF that this honor was bestowed on School of Dentistry faculty members. He was previously Senior Lecturer/Consultant at the Royal Dental Hospital School of Dental Surgery as well as Consultant at St George's Hospital and St John's Hospital for Skin Diseases in London, conducting the Royal's Oral Pathology service and also responsible for the oral medicine clinic. He supervised and/or mentored over 120 physician/scientists, dentist/scientists and PhD scientists in aspects of oral pathology and medicine, AIDS/HIV, global oral health and related topics. Greenspan was President of the Emeriti Faculty Association of UCSF and Chair of the School of Dentistry Dean's Advisory Committee. Greenspan's oral disease research interests centered on the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and management of oral soft tissue diseases, notably those associated with HIV infection and other causes of immunosuppression, as well as aphthous ulcers, Sj\u00f6gren syndrome, and oral cancer/pre-cancer. These topics have led to broad explorations in epidemiology, public/global health, policy,"}, {"text": "implementation science and other areas. He served until 2005 as founding Director of the UCSF Oral AIDS Center (OAC), which was supported by the NIDCR for 20 years. The OAC continues its research on the pathogenesis of oral lesions associated with HIV infection. He was part of a team looking into the molecular pathogenesis of Epstein\u2013Barr virus-associated hairy leukoplakia. Hairy leukoplakia is a lesion that Deborah Greenspan and he discovered, and in 1985 they identified a connection between it and Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV). He was the founding co-Principal Investigator of the National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research-funded International Research Registry Network for Sj\u00f6gren syndrome (SICCA) and continued to participate in the project throughout his life. He was the recipient of over $70 million in total costs of research grants and contract funding from Federal, State and industry agencies in 42 years at UCSF. He was among the top 5% of NIH awardees by total funding in the 25 years through 2007. He published over 300 papers and four books on oral aspects of AIDS, oral pathology, and immunopathology. He was a featured speaker at many international meetings and presented over 300 research papers, clinics, and postgraduate courses. He was"}, {"text": "an associate editor or board member of several journals and was a founding editor of \"Oral Diseases.\""}, {"text": "\"I Never Cried So Much in My Whole Life\" is a song by Australian alt-pop group Cub Sport featuring Australian singer-songwriter Darren Hayes, released on 17 October 2019. Songwriter Tim Nelson said \"I Never Cried So Much In My Whole Life\" is about \"happy crying\" and being \"filled with so much gratitude and happiness and pride for how far we'd come\". The song was released to coincide with Spirit Day, which aims to support and empower LGBTIQ youth to stand up against bullying. In February 2020, the song was covered by Oh Boy featuring Cub Sport, Cult Shotta, A. GIRL and Isaac Puerile. Background. Darren Hayes had previously shared that he is a big fan of Cub Sport, and showed up their gig in Los Angeles earlier in 2019. Tim Nelson from Cub Sport has described Hayes as a trailblazer for being open about his sexuality, and has dreamed of working with the singer for many years. Hayes said \"I've been of a fan of Cub Sport since I first heard 'Come On Mess Me Up'\u2026 I just loved the songs, Tim's voice, the production\". Hayes said he received a text from Tim from Cub Sport asking him if he"}, {"text": "would be involved with this track. Hayes said \"I listened to the song, and literally burst into tears of joy. I responded immediately saying yes. Tim was so generous, he offered me the opportunity to contribute in whatever way I wanted \u2013 whether that meant writing my own verse or doing a different take on it. But when I first I heard the song, it was perfect, and I knew all I had to do was sing the song the way it had been written.\" Nelson said \"Sam and I have both experienced forms of bullying for being queer and I know there were points in my personal journey where I felt like I would never get through that or get to a point where I felt happy and proud and at peace with my identity and sexuality.\" \"I hope it can bring hope and light to anyone who's going through it right now. I've spent so many years of my life feeling like I'd always have to hide, letting the horrible things people would say push me further and further from being my authentic self. I know how it feels to want to be somebody other than yourself but"}, {"text": "this song is proof that you can make it to the other side.\" Music video. An official music video was released on 5 November 2019 and was directed by Ribal Hosn. Reception. Debbie Carr from ABC said \"'I Never Cried So Much In My Life' is Cub Sport at their most raw and vulnerable\" calling the song \"A breath of fresh air\"."}, {"text": "Makafaat () is a Pakistani anthology drama series, that airs on Geo TV and was created by Abdullah Kadwani and Asad Qureshi. It premiered on 28 September 2019. It featured different short stories in each episode focusing on social issues. Synopsis. The anthology follows different stories and characters depicting the theme of Karma and Huqooq-ul-Ibaad. The Drama series tells stories of fate\u2019s connection with our deeds, showing how people are often held accountable for their willful actions even before the afterlife and reflects on negative virtues such as greed, envy, heedlessness, pride, malice, covetousness, and hatred in its standalone episodes. Spin-Off. Dikhawa. Due to the success of Makafaat, Abdullah and Asad developed another morality-based anthology series under the title \"Dikhawa\", released in Ramadan 2020. Like Makafaat, it was popular during its run and was renewed for a second season and aired in Ramadan 2021."}, {"text": "Dr Mar\u00eda Ver\u00f3nica Espinosa Serrano is an Ecuadorian medical doctor who served as the Minister of Public Health of Ecuador from 2017 to 2019. She studied medicine at Universidad Internacional del Ecuador before completing a master's degree at Universidad San Francisco de Quito. She was previously the Deputy Minister of Governance and Health Surveillance. She left her role in 2019 with thanks, but after some discussion over the short supply of some basic drugs."}, {"text": "The Lee Yan Lian Building is a high-rise building in the \"Kawasan Perancangan Pusat\" borough of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The building has 18 storeys and is 73.04 m (240 ft) tall. It was completed in 1945. Prior to the completion of the Malaysian Houses of Parliament in 1963, it was the tallest building in Malaysia."}, {"text": "Church of St. Raphael the Archangel (, ) is a Roman Catholic church in \u0160nipi\u0161k\u0117s, Vilnius. Former Jesuits monastery ensemble is located nearby which currently is used by the Department of Cultural Heritage of Lithuania. Close to the church there was a wayside shrine, containing a statue of Christ Carrying the Cross. The shrine was built around 1710 during the Great Northern War plague outbreak in Vilnius. On 14 August 1904, the first President of the independent Lithuania Antanas Smetona married with Sofija Smetonien\u0117 in the Church of St. Raphael. Wooden sculpture of Jesus from the demolished Chapel of Jesus of \u0160nipi\u0161k\u0117s, which was built in ~1720, was discovered in the basements of the church in 2017 and following a restoration is currently exhibited in the Church Heritage Museum in Vilnius."}, {"text": "An anatomical model is a three-dimensional representation of human or animal anatomy, used for medical and biological education. From the 16th to the 19th century, the most prominent models were made from wax. These techniques were developed partly from a shortage of cadavers due to religious objections to their use by anatomists. The use of these models declined with the use of cadavers in modern medical instruction. Digital anatomical models have been created by scanning microscopically sliced human bodies. The evolution of materials and models. Paper. Books with anatomical illustrations were extended by innovations such as flaps. The oldest anatomical work of this kind was produced by Heinrich Vogtherr in 1538. Andreas Vesalius published \"De Humani Corporis Fabrica\" (\u201cOn the fabric of the human body\u201d) and the \"Epitome\" in 1543. The \"Epitome,\" allowed students to cut parts of the illustrations to produce their own layered anatomical model. Johann Remmelin produced a flap book \"Catoptrum Microcosmicum\" in 1619. Wax. Among the earliest anatomical models was the \"\u00c9corch\u00e9\" made by Ludovico Cardi around 1600. This was widely copied and became a model and inspiration for further anatomical models. By the end of the 17th century the first anatomical wax models were produced"}, {"text": "by artists like Gaetano Giulio Zumbo collaborating with the anatomist Guillaume Desnoues. The growth of anatomical instruction and medical education in Italy led to more work on models. Noted artist included Giovanni Manzolini and his wife Anna Morandi working in Bologna which became a centre for the development of the art. Joseph Towne (1808\u20131879) was one of the few who attempted similar work in England. In the 19th century reclining models of women meant for medical instruction came to be called \"Venuses\" after \"Venus de Medici,\" typically showing a fetus in position. Other Italian artists included Clemente Susini (1754\u20131814), Ercole Lelli (1702\u20131766), Giuseppe Astorri (1795\u20131852), and Francesco Calenzuoli (1796\u20131829). In Germany Rudolf Weisker began an Institute for Wax Modelling (Institut f\u00fcr Wachsbildnerei) in Leipzig. These developed wax models beyond humans into the zoological domain. Gustav Zeiller (1826-1904) worked with the anatomists Carl Bogislaus Reichert, Johannes M\u00fcller, Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs, or Emil Du Bois-Reymond while his brother Paul Zeiller (1820\u20131893) worked with Michael Erd in Munich. Paul Zeiller and his wife Franziska also protested the use of dissections in anatomical teaching. Wax models went into decline at the end of the 19th century. The model may show the anatomy partially"}, {"text": "dissected, or have removable parts allowing the student to remove and inspect the modelled body parts. Some models may have changeable genital inserts and other interchangeable parts which permit a unisex model to represent an individual of either sex. Digital. One of the first computational models was through the ADAM project. Although 3D computer models of anatomy now exist as an alternative, physical anatomical models still have advantages in providing insight into anatomy."}, {"text": "Eulogy of King Narai is a poem in Thai, composed during the reign of King Narai (1656\u20131688). It is a major example of the Thai genre of royal panegyrics. The identity of the author is uncertain. The poem relates the key events of the reign, the king\u2019s power, his palace at Lopburi, the beauties of the forest, and an elephant hunt. Dating and authorship. Eulogy of King Narai (), \"Khlong chaloem phrakiat somdet phra narai maharat\", is a poem in Thai. The poem was probably composed in the early 1680s as no event after 1680 is mentioned in the text. As with most old Thai literature, the author is not identified. Some authorities attribute authorship to Luang Si Mahosot, while others including Winai Pongsripian favour Phra Maharatchakhru, a head of the Brahman department, and author of several other poetic works. Significance. The royal panegyric is a prominent genre in Thai poetry, possibly influenced by the Pra\u015basti genre in Sanskrit. Praise of the king is a large element in Yuan Phai, a 15th-century war poem. The first work framed and titled specifically as a royal panegyric was the \"Eulogy of King Prasat Thong\" about King Narai\u2019s father and predecessor. King Narai"}, {"text": "(1656\u20131688) is best known for his involvement with the British and French in the later part of his reign. This poem dates before the climax of that involvement. It portrays Narai as the ruler of a powerful and flourishing Ayutthaya Kingdom. It describes his power stretching in all four directions, the grandeur of his palace at Lopburi, the beauty of the forest, and the excitement of an elephant hunt. Publication and translation. The poem was first printed in 1925 on the instigation of Princess Nabhabhorn Prabha (), a daughter of King Mongkut. An English translation by the Thai historian, Dhiravat na Pombejra, was published in 2015. Form. The poem has 78 four-line verses composed in \"khlong si suphap\" (), the refined version of the \"khlong\" form. Synopsis. 1: Invocation of the Hindu gods, Shiva, Brahma, Vishnu. 2\u201315: Important events: receipt of a white elephant; military campaign to Chiang Mai and acquisition of the Phra Phuttha Sihing image; homage from Ava, Champa, Cambodia, and Kedah; suppression of rebellion in Songkhla. 16\u201325: Description of the royal palace in Lopburi including the Dusit Prasat Hall, Chanthraphisan Hall, gardens, and the piped water system. 26: Happiness of the kingdom <poem>\u0e4f\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e39\u0e23\u0e13\u0e4c\u0e1e\u0e39\u0e25\u0e40\u0e01\u0e29\u0e15\u0e23\u0e25\u0e49\u0e27\u0e19 \u0e40\u0e01\u0e29\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e02 \u0e2a\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e2a\u0e42\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e38\u0e01 \u0e40\u0e23\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e49\u0e32 \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e40\u0e20\u0e32\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e23\u0e17\u0e38\u0e01"}, {"text": "\u0e17\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e22\u0e4c\u0e21\u0e32\u0e01 \u0e21\u0e32\u0e19\u0e32 \u0e2a\u0e21\u0e1a\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\u0e1e\u0e31\u0e2a\u0e16\u0e32\u0e19\u0e01\u0e25\u0e49\u0e32 \u0e01\u0e25\u0e32\u0e14\u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e20\u0e32\u0e23 \u0e2f The fields are more bountiful, bringing contentment to all who live together happily throughout the whole kingdom. Junks come filled with various precious goods, people's property and possessions are secure and all prosper through His Majesty's accumulated merit. (v. 26)</poem> 27\u201341: Lyrical description of the king visiting the forest, describing trees, flowers, aquatic life, birds, and animals; allusion to the Than Kasem and Satchaphan Hill, visited on pilgrimages to the Buddha footprint at Phra Phutthabat 42\u201364: Elephant hunt: initial ceremonies; the king releases a captured cow elephant; corralling a large herd; description of the king\u2019s mount; selection of the best captured elephants; the king rewards the hunters and officials with money and garments; return to the city. <poem>\u0e4f\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e19\u0e32\u0e40\u0e19\u0e37\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e44\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e48\u0e1e\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21 \u0e2d\u0e36\u0e14\u0e2d\u0e36\u0e07 \u0e2a\u0e49\u0e32\u0e27\u0e41\u0e0b\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e07\u0e1a\u0e37\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e36\u0e07 \u0e1b\u0e48\u0e32\u0e01\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e41\u0e08\u0e08\u0e23\u0e23\u0e42\u0e08\u0e29\u0e1e\u0e25\u0e2b\u0e36\u0e07 \u0e41\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e23\u0e2d\u0e1a \u0e15\u0e35\u0e08\u0e23\u0e02\u0e32\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07 \u0e42\u0e2b\u0e48\u0e40\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e23\u0e38\u0e01\u0e23\u0e32\u0e0d \u0e2f The commanders and their retainers together make a resounding noise. The sound of gunfire intermittently echoes in the forest. The shouts and commands of the men surrounding the elephants are confusingly deafening, while the sound of beating clappers accompanies the men's morale-boosting cries upon approaching the herd. (v.53)</poem> 65\u201378: Invocations, asking for blessings from the major and minor Hindu gods and goddesses. Appraisal. The two earlier Thai eulogies, \"Yuan"}, {"text": "Phai\" and the \"Eulogy of King Prasat Thong\" are largely historical accounts of the reign. The \"Eulogy of King Narai\" is more thematic in style. It includes a lyrical celebration of the beauty of the forest, a common topic for Thai poets but something not found in the earlier eulogies. It celebrates the piped water system in the Lopburi palace, a touch of innovation. The longest section is an account of an elephant hunt. King Narai is believed to have spent much of the year at Lopburi because he could hunt elephants and tigers nearby. He built an elephant enclosure and a hunting lodge at Thale Chupson on the outskirts of the city. A poem of lullabies for elephants is believed to have been composed during his reign. The conventional invocations at the start and end of the poem mention several Hindu gods, but make no reference to Buddhism. Scholars have wondered whether this reflected the king\u2019s conflict with the monkhood."}, {"text": "Levon Malkhasyan (; born 1 January 1945), also known as Malkhas, is an Armenian jazz musician, composer and pianist, one of the founders of the Armenian jazz scene, and owner of Malkhas Jazz Club. Early life. Levon Malkhasyan was born in 1945 in Yerevan. His father, Paruyr, was the director of the sheet rolling factory and his mother, Nina \u2013 a Russian language teacher. He had a brother Robert Malkhasyan (1935\u20131955) and a sister Evgenia Malkhasyan (1938\u20132017). Until the fourth grade Levon Malkhasyan was a student at School No 71, afterward moved to School No. 8 after A.S.Pushkin. During his school years, he was a captain at a school basketball team as well as started playing piano and accompanying different artists from the age of 15. No one in the family possessed musical abilities. 1962 -1967 Levon Malkhasyan studied at Yerevan Brusov State University of Languages and Social Sciences majoring in Russian language and literature. Here he led a basketball team as well. During his university years he, along with a drummer Armen Tutunjyan (known as Chico) and a contrabass player Arthur Abrahamyan, founded a jazz trio called \"Levon Malkhasyan's Trio\" which was the first jazz trio ever in Yerevan."}, {"text": "The band held small concerts at \"Union of Composers\" concert hall, the Philharmonic Hall and other venues. The trio with a slightly different line-up exists until today. Several years later the trio is being joined by a saxophonist Alexander Zakaryan and becomes a quartet. Career. During the All-Union festival held in 1968 the quartet was awarded the 1st prize. 1970 the Quartet received a Grand Prix in Kuibyshev (now Samara) at the All-Union Festival as well as the prize for \"The Best Armenian Arrangement\". In addition, Levon Malkashayn shared the \"Best Pianist\" title with another musician from Ukraine and the band won prizes in the categories \"Best Drummer\" and \"Best Saxophonist\". 1972 at the All-Union Festival in Yaroslavl, the quartet again took the 1st place and won the title of best in all categories. The program, composed of 7th-century sharakans in jazz arrangement, was also recognized as the best, and the suite on the theme of ancient Church Songs was awarded the main prize. The Malkhasyan Quartet has also participated in various festivals in Tbilisi, Donetsk, Moscow etc. In different periods of time starting from 1964 to 1980 Levon Malkhasyan played at various restaurants such as Akhtamar restaurant in Sevan,"}, {"text": "Dvin, and Ani Intourist Hotel. In 1980 the era of work in restaurants was over. In 1973 \u2013 1980 Levon Malkhasyan played in different bands such as \"Krunk\", \"Tziatzan\", \"Serpentine\", \"CYO (Committee of youth organizations). As a part of \"Krunk\", together with Aksel Bakunts, he toured all over the USSR. In 1980 Levon Malkhasyan founded the first jazz center at the Aesthetic Center of Henrich Igityan where almost all the famous jazz musicians of that period gathered for jam sessions and concerts. 1985 the first three-day All-Union Jazz Festival was organized by Levon Malkhasyan held in Philharmonic Concert hall where musicians from 14 cities of the Soviet Union participated. 1986 he organized \"Jazz Panorama\" contest-festival which brought together musicians from all over the USSR as well as a big band which performed under the direction of Konstantin Orbelyan. In 1996 Levon Malkhasyan received an invitation from Nushikyan Association to perform at \"Aragast\" caf\u00e9 (the famous Float). Three days later he invited Aksel Bakunts, then Armen Usnunts Quintet, Khachik Sahakyan, Vahagn Hayrapetyan to accompany him. After some time he reanimated the \"Float\" and turned it into a Jazz Club. Then he starts organizing festivals. In 1998 a five-day \"International Jazz Festival\""}, {"text": "took place at the Yerevan Opera Theater again due to Levon Malkhasyan. New York Voices Vocal-instrumental jazz orchestra, jazz veterans from New Orleans and many other bands from CIS countries participated in that festival. In 2000 he organizes the next Jazz festival, but this time a bigger one, and a special guest of this event was famous Jazz King Chick Corea. In 2003 Levon Malkhasyan releases his first CD. In 2006 during the 3rd International Jazz Festival Yerevan hosts \"Earth, Wind And Fire\" \u2013 one of the most famous Jazz Bands in the world. In 2008 Levon Malkasyan in cooperation with \"Sharm\" organizes a number of events dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Armenian Jazz. Within the framework of this one-year-long festival Yerevan hosted a number of world-famous artists such as Al Jarreau, Joe Cocker, George Benson, \"Shakatak\" Band, Georgiy Garanyan, Toma Katashvili, Dato Japaradze and many others. An event took place every single month and Konstantin Orbelyan's 80 years anniversary was also celebrated that year. Personal life. In 1964 Levon Malkhasyan married Nina Ter-Ghazaryan \u2013 a five-time gold medalist in swimming and a well-known radiographer. Their daughter, Irina Malkhasyan, a composer and a singer, teaches at Yerevan State"}, {"text": "Conservatory after Komitas. Levon Malkhasyan made arrangements of a number of jazz compositions, he's the author of the \"Yerevan Jan\" waltz which is a soundtrack of the self-titled movie. According to the musician's words, he had three big dreams and each of them came true. 1st one \u2013 to be able to witness famous American jazz musicians in their home country. In 1990 Levon Malkhasyan traveled to the US where most of his time he spent in different jazz clubs meeting different musicians and seeing them perform live. 2nd one \u2013 organizing an international jazz festival in Yerevan with American musicians \u2013 a dream that came true multiple times. 3rd one \u2013 found and own a jazz club. In 2006 a club called \"Malkhas\" was opened in Yerevan. It is one of the most beloved clubs both among locals and the guests of the country. Today it has 7 resident-bands. Levon Malkhasyan toured around 50 countries, but he never stayed anywhere for more than 2 weeks. In 1999 was awarded the Movses Khorenatsi Medal of the Republic of Armenia In 2003 was awarded the title of Honorary Citizen of Yerevan In 2007 receives the title of Honored Worker of Art"}, {"text": "of the Republic of Armenia In 2008 was Awarded the Order of the Russian Federation after Lomonosov with the tape \"For the propagation and spread of Armenian jazz abroad. In 2010 Awarded the Gold Medal of the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia In 2013 Receives the title of People's Artist of the Republic of Armenia Levon Malkhasyan was awarded the gold medal of the Golden Apricot Film Festival and the gold medal after Arno Babajanyan. Levon Malkhasyan is an Academician of the Canadian Institute of Informatics, Laureate of the \"Karot\" Prize, Laureate of the All-Union Jazz Festivals. In 2010 he was recognized as a \"Person of the Year RAU\" by the Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) University."}, {"text": "Sipke Ernst (born 8 January 1979), is a Dutch chess Grandmaster, Dutch Chess Championship medalist, and FIDE Trainer. Biography. In the 2000s, Sipke Ernst was one of the leading Dutch chess players. He won four medals in the Dutch Chess Championship: a silver medal in 2017, and three bronze medals in 2010, 2011, and 2014, respectively. Ernst has won many international chess tournaments, including Lichfield in 2000 and \"Schaakfestival\" in Groningen in 2001, 2005, and 2006. Ernst played for the Netherlands in the Chess Olympiad in 2002, at the second reserve board in the 35th Chess Olympiad in Bled (+0, =1, -0). Ernst additionally played for the Netherlands in the European Team Chess Championship in 2009, at the reserve board in the 17th European Team Chess Championship in Novi Sad (+2, =2, -1). In 1999, he was awarded the International Master title and received the Grandmaster title in 2007. In 2018, he became a FIDE Trainer."}, {"text": "Alina Alekseevna Charaeva (; born 27 May 2002) is a Russian tennis player. Charaeva has a career-high singles ranking by the WTA of world No. 276, achieved on 5 August 2024. She also has a career-high doubles ranking of No. 227, achieved on 7 March 2022. Charaeva has won six singles and five doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. She made her WTA Tour debut at the 2019 Kremlin Cup, having received a wildcard into the doubles main draw, partnering with Sofya Lansere. At the WTA 125 2023 Andorr\u00e0 Open, Charaeva entered as a wildcard and defeated third seed Oc\u00e9ane Dodin in three sets to reach the second round, where she lost to Heather Watson."}, {"text": "Chhappad Phaad Ke is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language comedy film directed by Sameer Hemant Joshi, produced and bankrolled by Yoodlee films, film division of Saregama with Vinay Pathak, Siddharth Menon, Ayesha Raza Mishra and Sheetal Thakur in lead roles for Hotstar Specials. The story revolves around a middle class family, who is low on finances but high on morals and how their life takes a turn when they find a bag full of money. It began streaming exclusively on Hotstar from 18 October 2019. Synopsis. \"Chhappad Phaad Ke\" is satire on the consumerism and hypocrisy in people's lives set in the Maharashtrian family named Gupchups headed by Sharad Gupchup (Vinay Pathak) who is morally upright. The movie revolves around the family when they found an unaccounted cash of five crores going down with ethical crisis in determining the right thing to do with the family desires and aspirations coming in way. Production. The filming was done in early 2019 with Vinay Pathak joining the sets in March 2019 and wrapped filming in April 2019 at Pune. Soundtrack. Songs and background score composed by Prashant Pillai. Release. It started streaming exclusively on Hotstar from 18 October 2019 under its label Hotstar"}, {"text": "Specials marking it as the first film to stream exclusively on the platform. Reception. The film received a mediocre response from critics. Hina Beg writing for \"The Quint\" said, \"\"Chhappad Phaad Ke\" is a twisted comedy that tries too hard and lost what the point which it is trying to make under the developments\". Swetha writing for the \"Hindustan Times\" wrote, \"Despite having lined up brilliant actors like Vinay Pathak and Ayesha Raza, debutant director Sameer Joshi offers a film that is neither entertaining nor hard-hitting.\" Prathyush writing for \"Film Companion\" said, \"Hotstar\u2019s first original film, is an over-referenced, under-articulated story of middle-class aspirations, greed, and political ambitions.\""}, {"text": "The Ilfracombe Iron Company (I.I.C.) was an iron mining and smelting company that operated in Northern Tasmania in 1873 and 1874. The company's operations included a blast furnace, ore mine, water wheel, village, and jetty. The I.I.C. rebuilt a disused timber-haulage tramway, terminating at Ilfracombe\u2014now the southern part of modern-day Beauty Point\u2014which it extended at both ends to reach its iron ore mine and its jetty. The ruin of its blast furnace is significant, as one of the only three such ruins of 19th-Century iron-smelting blast furnaces in Australia and the only one in Tasmania. It is the only remaining ruin\u2014in Australia\u2014of a 19th-Century blast furnace that had an iron shell. Iron ore from the company's mine was smelted at a foundry in Melbourne in 1873. Two bells were cast from this iron; the smaller one was exhibited at the Victorian Exhibition (1872\u201373) in Melbourne and the larger bell at the Vienna Exposition of 1873. The company constructed a blast furnace alongside a tributary of Middle Arm Creek. It originally intended to power the blast machinery from a large water wheel, which was erected but not used. Despite several design iterations, the steam-powered blast machinery was severely under-sized. Before this"}, {"text": "situation could be rectified, by raising more capital, the Oriental Bank foreclosed. The assets were sold cheaply; possibly, the new owner intended to restart operations. However, a large fall in the price of iron seems to have ended that possibility. It remains questionable that the blast furnace actually produced any pig iron, although the company announced in an ambiguous telegram that it had. Historical context. Soon after the first settlement in Northern Tasmania, at York Town in 1804, colonial settlers found that there were extensive deposits of iron ore in the hills to the west of the Tamar estuary. Interest in the area was aroused again by the report in 1866 of the Government Geologist, Charles Gould. There was an increase in pig-iron prices in the early 1870s, which led to the formation of a number of colonial era iron-making ventures in Australia. The price of imported pig-iron increased, from \u00a34 10s per ton in 1870 to \u00a39 per ton in 1873 greatly advantaging locally manufactured iron. However, this high price did not last long, as iron-making capacity increased and pig-iron was once again imported cheaply as ballast in sailing ships returning from England to Australia. The Ilfracombe Iron Company"}, {"text": "was one of four ventures that smelted iron from local iron ore, in Tasmania during the 1870s; the others were, the British and Tasmanian Charcoal Iron Company, the Tamar Hematite Iron Company\u2014both nearby on the Tamar estuary\u2014and the Derwent Iron Company. A fifth venture, the Swedish Charcoal Iron Company never went beyond issuing a prospectus. There were also three commercial iron-smelting operations in mainland Australia during the 1870s, the Fitzroy Iron Works, the Lal Lal Iron Company, and the Lithgow Valley Iron Works. Smelting materials. The ore deposit was the first of the deposits in the West Tamar area that were mentioned by Charles Gould in his report of 1866. It was located on private property at on a tributary of Middle Arm Creek, on the western flank of Peaked Hill, about 5 km south of the modern-day town of Beaconsfield. The company later located its smelting site adjacent to this deposit. A sample, consisting of \"\"hematite and brown ore\", had the following analysis: \"Iron ... 60.6\" [%] \"Silica ... 2.4\" [%] \"Sulphur and phosphorus, though carefully sought for were not detected\".\" Limestone was obtained from deposits nearby. The fuel used was charcoal, burnt from local timber. History of operations."}, {"text": "Foundation of the company. The force behind the new company was Captain Duncan Longden. The other major shareholders were Ayde Douglas (a Tasmanian lawyer and politician, who was also an owner of a previous, then dormant timber venture in the same area), James Major (of the Melbourne engineering firm Doyne, Major and Willet), James Bickerton, John Robb, David Spence, and two others. The company was at work for some time before it was officially registered. During this period, it was mainly Longden and Major who were active. The two secured a 3,000 acre leasehold in 1872. The Ilfracombe Iron Company was registered on 28 January 1873. It had an authorised capital of \u00a350,000 in 10,000 \u00a35 shares. 2000 of the shares were issued as fully paid, probably in exchange for properties, assets and services that the new company needed. The remaining shares were partly paid, to \u00a34. Trial smelting and exhibition castings. Before the Ilfracombe Iron Company was even registered, it had sent iron ore to Melbourne for a trial smelting, at the Railway Foundry, owned by Drysdale and Fraser. In November 1872, the iron ore was smelted with coke and limestone in a furnace\u2014probably a cupola furnace\u2014and various castings"}, {"text": "were made, including two bells, seven 'pigs' weighing 2-stone (12.7 kg) and one pig weighing 3-hundredweight (152 kg), and \"\"half-a-dozen 18lb.\" [8.2 kg] \"cannon balls\"\". It seems that a total of around 400 kg of iron was made, the first time that Tasmanian iron ore had been smelted in a significant quantity in Australia. The smaller bell\u2014weighing about 9 kg\u2014was exhibited at the Victorian Exposition of 1872-1873. The larger bell\u2014about 2 feet high, 18 inches wide at mouth, and weighing 210 lbs (95 kg)\u2014was exhibited at the Vienna Exposition of 1873, where it was inspected in September 1873 by Emperor Franz Joseph. It had the coat of arms of Melbourne on one side and, along the rim on the other side, the words \"Ilfracombe Iron Company\". The ability to cast bells directly from the pig-iron demonstrated its quality. Construction. The on-site manager was a civil engineer, Benjamin Hawkins Dodds, who had experience in the Scottish iron industry. The construction of the furnace was the responsibility of a Swedish furnaceman, Karl Haine, with the advice of James Baird Thorneycroft from Scotland. The foundation stone of the furnace was laid on 12 May 1873, by David Spence, a Melbourne merchant, who was"}, {"text": "a shareholder. Progress was rapid, with a visitor to the site, in September 1873, reporting extensive progress, with about 100 men working at the site and the work nearly completed. Delays. A fire was lit in the furnace in August 1873 and maintained thereafter, to dry out the furnace to be ready for production. The company prepared a pattern to cast plaques to commemorate what it planned as its first casting of pig-iron in \"October 1873\". The pattern still survives\u2014held by the Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery in Launceston\u2014but the casting in October never occurred. In early November 1873, it emerged that the iron could not be run because the steam engine used to drive the blast machinery was too small. Another larger engine was on its way from Melbourne, which would be used, \"till the water wheel is ready to perform the work, and will then standby to be used in time of emergency, should such arise\". Announcements of success and subsequent closure. On 24 November 1873, a small article appeared in the Melbourne newspaper \"The Argus.\" It read, \" \"WITH reference to iron mining in Tasmania, the Launceston Examiner reports :\u2014' A quantity of iron has been"}, {"text": "run off most successfully at the works of the Ilfracombe Iron Company. The furnace answered admirably. The company begins work with unexceptional\" [sic] \"prospects.\"' \" There seems to have been nothing corresponding to it, in the local press in Northern Tasmania.This would be the beginnings of the mystery surrounding the first iron production of Ilfracombe Iron Company. A few days later, a telegram received from the manager of the I.I.C. read, \"George Town, Nov. 28 Twelve pigs Ilfracombe iron shipped per Tamar. Everything progressing well.\" A local newspaper, the \"Launceston Examiner\", expanded on this announcement by adding, \"\"We believe the weight of the above is about two tons, and that the furnace was tapped on Thursday afternoon, a telegram having been sent to Mr Major that evening, asking him to arrange for shipping it by the Tamar, on her outward trip yesterday\".\" This seemed to be incompatible with the earlier announcement in Melbourne on 24 November 1873, and appears to be the first time that success was announced in Tasmania. Arrangements had been made to load the pigs onto the steamer \"Tamar\", as she passed down the Tamar River from Launceston, en-route to Melbourne, on 28 November 1873. Presumably, that"}, {"text": "was done by loading the pigs at the Ilfracombe Company's jetty. It seems that James Major accompanied the pigs to Melbourne, arriving on 29 November 1873, perhaps intending show off the iron to Victorian shareholders and others. It was soon apparent that the furnace had not stayed in service, as would be usual once production of iron had commenced. An optimistic report appeared, on 20 December 1873, stating that production had recommenced. It was reported\u2014presumably based on a communication with the company\u2014that, \"The new vertical iron cylinders at the Ilfracombe Iron Company's works have been completed, and found to answer admirably. The necessary repairs to the furnace have been carried out, and fire-bricks of the proper description substituted for the inferior ones which were at first unwittingly put in, and active operations were commenced last Tuesday\" [16 December 1874]. However, on the same day as that report of production commencing, 20 December 1873, a prominent shareholder, Ayde Douglas, was on his way to the site to meet Major and Longden and find out for himself what was happening. Another attempt at smelting took place on 23 December 1873, using still larger blast cylinders made of wood at the site, after"}, {"text": "which the furnace was never relit. Demise and sale of assets. The company had exhausted its capital, wasting some of it on assets that it never put to use, such as its waterwheel. After the failure of attempts to smelt on 16 and 23 December 1873, it became apparent that a larger blast engine and larger blowing cylinders were necessary and would require more capital. The company also had a debt to the Oriental Bank. It was decided to create a new company of larger capital, and issue new shares to existing shareholders in exchange for the old company's assets. This suited Longden and Major, who were unable to participate in any other kind of restructure, as both had run out of money by this time. However, the Oriental Bank took legal action to prevent the new company being formed and to secure repayment of its loan. An order went to the sheriff to sell off the assets. There was no auction but the assets were sold to Ayde Douglas for \u00a3805, roughly the amount owed to the bank. Douglas had secured the assets cheaply, but the other shareholders' interests were wiped out. The waterwheel was sold off and ended"}, {"text": "up powering a stamper battery at the Leura Mine. The low-key sale and the shunning of Major and Longden hints at conflict among the shareholders; it is likely that, as the people managing the site work and operations, Major and Longden were seen as responsible for the failure to enter production. As the price of iron was still high at the time of the sale, Douglas probably intended to restart the works, but the iron price later collapsed. The furnace site was abandoned. Controversy. The first hint that the Ilfracombe Iron Company may have been concealing something about the outcome of its iron smelting came in an editorial, by T.C.Just, in the newspaper the \"Cornwall Chronicle\",(also reprinted as an article in the \"Tasmanian\"), in December 1874. It read, \"\"It is just twelve months since we recorded the partial success of the Ilfracombe Iron Company, in smelting pig iron from the ore found on their property. We afterwards learnt, however, that this iron had not been fairly produced by any ordinary furnace process, and the subsequent collapse of the company showed this to be only too true. When attempts were made to produce the article in bulk from the large furnace,"}, {"text": "they utterly failed\". The announcement by telegram, on 28 November 1873, had merely said that, \"Twelve pigs Ilfracombe iron shipped per Tamar\"\"\u2014making no mention of the furnace\u2014but the obvious assumption was that the iron had come from the company's blast furnace. In any case, the day after the telegram, the pigs were on the sea en route for Melbourne; there was virtually no opportunity for locals to see the pigs before they disappeared from the district. And, unusually, the blast furnace did not remain in continuous production after its supposed first tapping. If the twelve pigs (two tons) of iron despatched in November 1873 on the \"s.s. Tamar\" had not come from the furnace\u2014since no other furnace was working nearby\u2014the pigs would either be Ilfracombe iron smelted from its ore elsewhere\u2014like the iron smelted in Melbourne in November 1872\u2014or not Ilfracombe iron at all. If the iron was from another source\u2014even allowing for the relatively remote location of the blast furnace\u2014it would have been an elaborate deception, necessitating the involvement of at least some of the company's staff and management. The unlikelihood of such a deception has led some historians to dismiss Just's editorial; one seeing it as a \"political"}, {"text": "statement\", by Just who was a shareholder in the rival British and Tasmanian Charcoal Iron Company. However, four different experts\u2014examining the furnace ruin in 1883, 1982, 1988, and 2012\u2014failed to find any iron in the hearth of the old blast furnace. An unused cast iron tapping block from the furnace also survives; perhaps that block was a spare, but the absence of iron in the hearth is far harder to explain. It therefore seems possible that the ongoing problem with the furnace\u2014a mismatch between the relatively small capacity of the blast machinery and the size of the furnace\u2014was enough to prevent the furnace reaching a suitable temperature to smelt iron ore and produce molten pig-iron. If so, the well-made furnace could never have produced any iron. Against this conclusion there is but one piece of physical evidence; an archaeological research map of the blast furnace site shows a 'bosh skull' located nearby to the furnace ruin. A bosh skull is a mass of solidified iron and slag. If it exists at the remote site, the bosh skull could only have come from the furnace. However, even this does not prove conclusively that the furnace made molten pig iron that was"}, {"text": "successfully tapped, on 27 November 1873. All that is known for certain is that the second and third attempts to smelt iron\u2014on 16 and 23 December 1873\u2014both failed. These were the last attempts made, because the company afterwards ran out of money. It seems that the telegram announcement of 28 November 1873 was, most probably, part of a deliberate attempt to mislead\u2014designed to help attract the additional capital that the company so desperately needed\u2014as was the subsequent report of production recommencing in December 1873. Technology. Process and equipment. Blast furnace. The furnace was an open-top, cold-blast furnace. It was described, in an article in the Launceston Examiner of 20 September 1873, as follows, \"\"The foundation of the furnace is laid in concrete 4 feet deep, on the top of this is 6 feet 6 in. of solid substantial masonry. The masonry consists of four grand arches in the form of a cross, thus constituting a compact block 14 feet square the arches being used instead of building the block quite solid, in order to lessen the chances of the damp ascending into the body of the furnace. On the top of this masonry a large boiler plate cylinder 10 feet"}, {"text": "in diameter is erected, with a strong heavy cast iron ring at the base, from which through the masonry into the foundation holding down bolts are passed and fastened, thus firmly securing the upright cylinder\".\" The iron shell was lined with firebricks. The furnace had provision for conversion to recycle the off-gases to heat the blast, although no stoves to heat the blast were ever built. This suggests another probable reason for its failure; a furnace and blower possibly sized for hot-blast operation, but used as a cold-blast furnace. A casting shed 95 feet long by 30 feet wide, with a wooden shingled roof was constructed; it was expected that casting of pig iron would occur every 12-hours. Blast machinery. The blowing cylinders were made by Messrs Robertson Bros. of Melbourne. The equipment was described, in an article in the Launceston Examiner of 20 September 1873, as follows, \"double cylinders 15 inches in diameter, 24 inches stroke, having a minimum velocity of 60 strokes per minute, and discharge the air into a large wrought iron receiver, capable of contaiting 128 cubic feet, and thence. through the tuyeres into the furnace\". The original plan was for this blast machinery would be"}, {"text": "powered by a waterwheel but in fact all actual operation of the furnace used steam power. It was powered first by a steam engine that had been hired for the purpose but proved too small. Later a larger engine was used, but it apparently it\u2014or the blast cylinders themselves\u2014was too small as well. Dam and waterwheel. The plant was intended to make use of water power. A dam was constructed across Snowey's Creek, a perennial stream. The dam was about half a mile from the furnace and had a 50-foot wall. The water passed through a channel and into a flume with a fall of 97 feet. About halfway along the flume, a smaller horizontal waterwheel powered a sawmill, with the water continuing in the remaining part of the flume to the main waterwheel. After the waterwheel, the water ran through an underground passage to flow into the creek. The waterwheel stood 120 feet from the furnace. It was 30 feet in diameter and 4 feet wide, with 64 buckets and heavy cast-iron bosses 3 feet in diameter through which the shaft passed. This large waterwheel apparently was never used by the Ilfracombe Iron Co. but was later used to"}, {"text": "power a gold mine stamper battery. Charcoal kilns. There were two charcoal kilns, halfway between the dam and the furnace, each 200 feet long by 20 feet wide. The walls and roof were of sod, with cast-iron portholes along the sides to maintain the necessary restricted air flow for the charcoal-burning process. Transport. Tramway. There was a disused timber tramway for the former Ilfracombe saw-mill, which conveniently ran alongside the iron ore deposit. It had been laid down in 1857 and become overgrown and rotten by the 1870s, so the track needed total reconstruction. At the river end, it needed extension to the north to the site of the new jetty. The new tramway was horse-drawn and had wooden rails of 3-inch \u00d7 2-inch timber set at 3-foot gauge. Jetty. The original jetty that was the terminus of the timber-haulage tramway was further south from where the I. I. C. built its new jetty. The choice of the site of the new jetty was a good one, as the new jetty could\u2014with some extension\u2014reach water 30 feet deep, enough to accommodate a 500 ton ship. The jetty was described as, \"\"a substantial jetty, 133ft long by 15ft wide\" and \"built"}, {"text": "of stone and logs\"\". The tramway ran over the length of the jetty and connected it to the smelter site. Legacy and remnants. The ruin of the blast furnace lies on private property. It is only one of three 19th-Century blast furnace ruins in Australia, and the only one in Tasmania. It is the only such ruin with an iron outer-shell. Approximately three metres of the lowest part of the blast furnace is still standing; the stone base and hearth\u2014including the three tuyere ports and the three tuyere pipes\u2014and the lowest part of the iron shell are in place. Lying on the ground, adjacent to the furnace, is the iron shell from the collapsed upper part of the furnace, which sheared off the furnace structure when a large tree fell on it. The fallen tree lay over the furnace in 1969 but is now gone. The area immediately adjacent to the furnace base is strewn with fire bricks. An unused cast iron tapping block from the old furnace survives and is on display at the Beaconsfield Mine & Heritage Centre. The iron ore mining site is close by, as are the sites of the dam and the waterwheel, both of"}, {"text": "which can still be identified. No trace exists of the Ilfracombe Iron Company's jetty on the Tamar River. Its former site is close to the Australian Maritime College's training facility at Beauty Point. The pattern for plaques intended to commemorate the aborted casting of pig-iron in \"October 1873\" is in the Queen Victoria Museum & Art Gallery, in Launceston. A replica of the iron bell that was shown at the Vienna Exposition of 1873 was cast in Tasmania in 2017; it is on display at the Beaconsfield Mine & Heritage Centre. On its rim, the bell has cast lettering reading \"Ilfracombe Iron Company\"."}, {"text": "Repapa is a genus of crickets in the subfamily Landrevinae and tribe Landrevini. Species can be found in South-East Asia. Species. \"Repapa\" includes the following species:"}, {"text": "Duolandrevus is a genus of crickets in the subfamily Landrevinae and tribe Landrevini. Species can be found in Asia. Species. \"Duolandrevus\" includes the following species, with eight identified subgenera:"}, {"text": "Otteana is a genus of crickets in the subfamily Landrevinae and tribe Landrevini. Species can be found in Vietnam. Species. \"Otteana\" includes the following species:"}, {"text": "Laevens 3 is a globular cluster in the constellation of Delphinus. It belongs to the Milky Way but orbits far from the centre. The cluster is named after Benjamin P. M. Laevens, the discoverer. It was first observed in 2015 using Pan-STARRS 1. It is located 210,000 light years from Earth in the outer galactic halo. Its orbit takes it as close as 133,000 ly from galactic centre out to 279,000 ly. The half light diameter is only 37 light years. The metallicity is \u22121.8 dex. It is about 13 billion years old, and its brightness is equivalent to 1,125 Suns."}, {"text": "Asherville is a residential area west of central Durban, South Africa. It consists of parts of Sydenham, north of Moses Kotane (Sparks) Road, and west of Felix Dhlamini (Brickfield) Road, and includes parts of Springfield. It is largely an Indian area, and has a municipal swimming pool (the first such facility created for Indians under apartheid segregation). Asherville was the site of a teachers' training college for Indian teachers, and the King George V Hospital (now the King Dinuzulu hospital). It was widely suspected that the area was set aside for Indians under the apartheid Group Areas Act as a buffer area to limit exposure of the white population to tuberculosis at the hospital."}, {"text": "Zyoleny () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Limannoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 42 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Zyoleny is located on the Torgun River, 13 km east of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Limanny is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Zolotari () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Goncharovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,394 as of 2010. There are 37 streets. Geography. Zolotari is located in on the Caspian Depression, 69 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gonchary is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kaysatskoye () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kaysatskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,924 as of 2010. There are 23 streets. It is located on the Kazakhstan\u2013Russia border, 41 km south from Pallasovka. Novy is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kalashniki () is a rural locality (a selo) in Kalashnikovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 143 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. Geography. Kalashniki is located in steppe, 23 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Khudushny is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kalinina () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 179 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Kalinina is located 121 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Elton is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Houston has large populations of immigrants from Asia. In addition, the city has the largest Vietnamese American population in Texas and second-largest in the United States as of 2019. Houston also has one of the largest Chinese American, Pakistani American, and Filipino American populations in the United States. History. The 1877 Houston City Directory listed three ethnic Chinese who worked in laundries, and the 1880 United States Census listed seven Chinese living in the city. In 1910 30 Asians lived in Houston. 20 were Japanese and 10 were Chinese. In the era of de jure racial segregation in the United States, authorities in Texas classified people of Asian origins as \"White.\" This allowed people of Asian ancestry to get superior educational opportunities. The Chinese were the only ethnic group with a significant settlement pattern in Houston until the 1970s. The lack of Asian immigration in Greater Houston was due to historical restrictions on Asian Americans. According to the 1980 U.S. census, 484 Chinese immigrants currently living in the area had lived there prior to 1950; of twelve Asian nationalities other than Chinese listed by the census for the Houston area, there were fewer than 100 immigrants who had settled before"}, {"text": "1950. The 1965 Immigration Act, which had ended the restrictions, allowed an increase in Chinese Americans. The number increased to 121 by the start of World War II. During the war, many Chinese from southern states migrated to take advantage of the economy and the population increased by more than twice its size. Albert Gee, the head of the Houston Restaurant Association and an Asian American, helped African-American community leaders negotiate a voluntary desegregation during the Civil Rights Movement. In the 1970s, large-scale Asian immigration to Houston began. In 1980, 48,000 Asians lived in Greater Houston. The amount of Asian immigration increased in the 1980s. Edward C. M. Chen and Debbie Harwell, authors of \"Asian Americans: Expanding Our Horizons,\" wrote that prior U.S. Censuses lacked the ability to accurately track Asian American populations and that only the 1980 and subsequent ones accurately did so. In 1990, 90,000 Asian immigrants lived in Harris County, and 48,000 Asians lived in Greater Houston. As of 1990 the largest two Asian immigrant groups to Houston were the Chinese and the Vietnamese, making up 46% of all Asian immigrants, with 15,568 Vietnamese and 10,817 of Chinese from China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. The others were"}, {"text": "7,044 Indians, 4,807 Filipinos, 3,249 Koreans, 2,419 Iranians, 2,411 Pakistanis, 1,950 Japanese and 1,146 Cambodians. In the 1990s the Asian immigration rates exceeded those of Hispanics. A U.S. Census survey conducted in 1997 stated that in Harris County and Fort Bend County, there were 202,685 Asians combined. In 1998 Betty Ann Bowser, a reporter for PBS Newshour, said that many Southeast Asians came to Houston because \"its hot humid climate reminded them of home.\" Houston does have a similar climate to that of Vietnam, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the Philippines. According to a 2002 survey of 500 Asian Americans in Harris County overseen by Stephen Klineberg, a professor at Rice University, Asian immigrants have substantially lower household income than Anglo residents and other immigrant groups, while they have higher levels of education. In 2007 Houston had 16,000 Asian American businesses. A 2006 U.S. Census Bureau report stated that the annual revenues of those businesses totaled to $5.5 billion ($ in today's money). By 2010 the number of Asian-Americans in Greater Houston was over 417,000. In 2010 John B. Strait and Gang Gong, authors of the article \"Ethnic Diversity in Houston, Texas: The Evolution of Residential Segregation in the Bayou City,"}, {"text": "1990\u20132000,\" stated that Asians were \"only modestly segregated from\" non-Hispanic whites. Ethnic groups. Vietnamese. In 2010, Harris County had 80,000 Vietnamese (2% of county) and Vietnamese Americans, making it the second largest Vietnamese American community in the United States after that of San Jose, California. There were three main waves of Vietnamese immigration to Houston. The first came following the end of the Vietnam War in April 1975 with the fall of Saigon. Vietnamese immigrants arriving during this time were highly educated with direct ties to the United States military and were well educated on the city they were settling in. The next wave of immigrants were \"boat people\", a population of Chinese Vietnamese refugees who braved the open waters in small boats to flee Vietnam after the Vietnam War between 1978 and 1982. This wave of immigrants were not as highly educated and of high social standing as the first wave, but the number of immigrants arriving to Houston was significantly greater. The third wave of Vietnamese refugees arrived through the 1980s and 1990s. They were fewer than the previous waves and consisted of political prisoners and families of U.S. servicemen. Chinese. According to the American Community Survey, as"}, {"text": "of 2013, Greater Houston (Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown metropolitan area) has 72,320 residents of Chinese origin. Chinese immigrants were the first significant settlement of Asian immigrants in Houston. The first 250 male Chinese immigrants came to work on constructing the Houston and Texas Central Railroad in 1870. Even though the population was increasing steadily, following the start of World War II the population of Chinese immigrants doubled as people were seeking out new economic opportunities. South Asians. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, if the Indian American and Pakistani American populations are combined, there are 50,045 of them in Harris County, together making up 17.9% of the Asians in Harris County and being the second largest Asian ethnic group in Harris County. The combined group was the largest Asian ethnic group in Fort Bend County, making up 31% of the Asians there, and the largest Asian ethnic group in Montgomery County. South Asian populations became larger around the 1980s. In 1983 Allison Cook of the \"Texas Monthly\" stated that \"Some estimates put the number of Indians and Pakistanis in Houston as high as 25,000.\" In 1990 there were a combined 21,191 Indian and Pakistani descent people in Harris County, making up 19.3%"}, {"text": "of the county's Asians and at the time being the third largest Asian ethnic group. In 2000 there were 35,971 members of the combined group in Harris County, making up 18.6% of the county's Asians and now being the second largest Asian ethnic group in the county. From 2000 to 2010 the combined group in Harris County increased by 39%. In Fort Bend County in 2000 there were 13,000 people of Indian and Pakistani ancestry. Half a dozen Indian American and Pakistani American newspapers are offered in stores and restaurants. The publications include \"India Herald\" and the \"Voice of Asia\". The city has Masala Radio, a South Asian radio station. Indian singers often make tour stops in Houston. The Bollywood 6 movie theater on Texas State Highway 6 plays Indian films. The Houston area has Indian dance schools, including the Abhinaya School of Performing Arts and the Shri Natraj School of Dance. As of 2000, of the Zoroastrian groups in Houston, Parsi were one of the two main Zoroastrian groups. As of that year the total number of Iranians of all religions in Houston is, on a 10 to 1 basis, larger than the total Parsi population. As of 2000"}, {"text": "the Zoroastrian Association of Houston (ZAH) is majority Parsi. Rustomji wrote that because of that and the historic tensions between the Parsi and Iranian groups, the Iranians in Houston did not become full members of the ZAH. Rustomji stated that Iranian Zoroastrians \"attend religious functions sporadically and remain tentative about their ability to fully integrate, culturally and religiously, with Parsis.\" Indians. As of the 2010 census there were about 82,575 people in the Houston area of Indian origins. Following the 1965 Immigration Act there was a significant influx of Indian immigrants to the United States of America and consequently to Houston. The passing of this act brought educated immigrants seeking higher education and opportunities in the U.S. The 1980 U.S. Census stated that 6,610 persons originating from India were in the Houston area. Harris County had almost 36,000 Indian Americans as of the 2000 Census. The population had a $53,000 ($ in today's money) median yearly household income, $11,000 ($ in today's money) more than the county average. Almost 65% of the Indian Americans in Harris County had university and college degrees, compared to 18% of all of the Harris County population. Indian Americans in Fort Bend County, as of"}, {"text": "the same census, numbered at almost 13,000 and had a median annual income of $84,000 ($ in today's money). 62% of Indian Americans in Fort Bend County had university and college degrees, compared to 25% of all residents of Fort Bend County. An estimate from the 2009 American Community Survey stated that Harris County had 46,125 Indian Americans and that Fort Bend County had 25,104 Indian Americans. Katharine Shilcutt of the \"Houston Press\" said that the high education and income levels of Indian Americans caused businesses in the Mahatma Gandhi District, an Indian American ethnic enclave in Houston, to thrive. In 1999 the Houston area had about 500 Indian Catholics. There were no particular Indian Catholic churches. As of 2007, the median income of Indians in Houston was $50,250. As of 2012 the majority of the city's Sikhs originate from the portion of Punjab in India. As of 2007, there were over 24 Indian-American-oriented publications. As of that year, most Indian-American newspapers in Houston are in English. Some smaller newspapers are in Indian languages such as Hindi and Gujarati. The \"Indo-American News\", a newspaper owned by K.L. Sindwani, is distributed to fifty locations in Southwest Houston and has a 5,000"}, {"text": "copy-per-week print rate. As of 2007, each issue has 44 pages. Sindwani established it in 1982; at the time he was the only employee and each issue had eight pages. The Indian Culture Center, catering to South Asian groups, opened in 1973, and the Gujarati Samaj, catering to Gujarati people in particular, opened in 1979; the latter group has Holi and Navatri events. An Indian Student Association is at the University of Houston. The self-published novel \"An Indian in Cowboy Country\" was written by Indian immigrant Pradeep Anand, who works as an engineer and lives in Sugar Land. In 2019 Indian Americans make up almost 50% of the Asian Americans in Fort Bend County. In 2021 the county had about 24 Indian Christian churches. Pakistanis. In 2007 the Pakistani-American Association of Greater Houston (PAGH) stated that about 60,000 people of Pakistani origin lived in Greater Houston and that many of them lived in Southwest Houston. As of 2000, over 70% of the Muslims in Houston are Indian or Pakistani. Similar to Indian immigrants, Pakistani immigrants came to Houston during the Cold War. The passing of the 1965 Immigration Act brought highly educated immigrants and opportunistic hopefuls. Bangladeshis. The Bangladesh Association,"}, {"text": "Houston (BAH, ), Bangladesh Students Association at the University of Houston, and Bangladesh Society of Greater Houston are the Bangladeshi groups in the city. The initial immigration of Bangladeshis to the United States was kickstarted after the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, though it is important to note that there is not a large population of Bangladeshi-Americans in Houston. In 1971 the Bangladeshi American community in Greater Houston consisted of about 10 university students; 1971 was the year when Bangladesh, previously East Pakistan, seceded from Pakistan. As of 2011 the Bangladeshi American population of Greater Houston includes over 10,000 people. The Bangladesh Association bought of land in southwestern unincorporated Harris County in 2001. By 2011 the association announced plans to develop the $2.5 million ($ in today's money) facility Bangladeshi American Center, which will include auditoriums, classrooms, a playground, and an outdoor sports complex. The first donor conference was held at the Stafford Civic Center in Stafford. In 2012, the Bangladeshi Students Association at the University of Houston was resurrected after a ten-year hiatus. This organization was first formed in the 70s soon after the independence of Bangladesh in 1971. UH BSA serves as the link between the 2nd generation"}, {"text": "of Bangladeshis and the older generation. Filipinos. As of the 2010 U.S. Census there were 22,575 ethnic Filipinos in Harris County, making up 8.1% of the county's Asian population, the third largest Asian American group in the Houston area. Relatively few persons of Filipino origin had come to Houston by 1960, and around 1970 the entire State of Texas had about 50,000 people of Filipino origin. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 allowed for more immigration from Asia, and Filipino immigration increased by the 1980s. Many ethnic Filipinos began working in the Texas Medical Center around that time as Filipino medical professionals gained employment in the U.S. due to their English proficiency. In 1990 there were 10,502 ethnic Filipinos in Harris County, making up 9.6% of the county's Asian population. In 2000 this had increased to 15,576, making up 8.1% of the county's Asian population. The Filipino population increased by 45% from 2000 to 2010. In 1980 the Philippine Nurses Association of Metropolitan Houston was established. In 1999 the Houston area had about 40,000 Filipino Catholics. There were no particular Filipino Catholic churches. Some Filipinos in the area are Protestants and attend Baptist and Methodist churches. A Jollibee is"}, {"text": "located near NRG Park, which opened in 2013. It was placed proximity to the Texas Medical Center, where Filipino nurses work, and was the first location in the State of Texas. Next to it is a Filipino Asian market and restaurant called Cherry Foodarama. The area is currently being developed into a Little Manila and the area surrounding NRG Park has the highest percentage of Filipino Americans within Houston's city limits. Other areas in the Greater Houston area with significant Filipino populations are Alief, Brays Oaks, Fort Bend County, and Pearland. Koreans. As of the 2010 U.S. Census there were 11,813 ethnic Koreans in Harris County, making up 4.2% of the county's Asian population. In 2015 Haejin E. Koh, author of \"Korean Americans in Houston: Building Bridges across Cultures and Generations,\" wrote in regards to the census figure that \"community leaders believe the number is twice as large.\" In 1970 the official census figure for people of Korean origins in the entire state was 2,090. Bruce Glasrud, a historian, stated that the real figure may be higher as some previous Korean immigrants were counted as Japanese, as Korea was then under the Empire of Japan. As of 1983 there were"}, {"text": "about 10,000 ethnic Korean people in Houston. In 1990 there were 6,571 ethnic Koreans, making up 6% of the county's Asian population. In 2000 this figure had increased to 8,764, making up 4.5% of the county's Asian population. The number of Koreans increased by 35% from 2000 to 2010. Houston's Korean American population is mostly concentrated in Spring Branch with a sizable portion in Greater Katy. Japanese. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, there were 3,566 people of Japanese descent in Harris County, making up 1.3% of the Asians in the county. In 1990 there were 3,425 ethnic Japanese in the county, making up 3.1% of the county's Asians, and in 2000 there were 3,574 ethnic Japanese in the county, making up 1.9% of the county's Asians. The immigration of Japanese people to Houston was initiated by the efforts of two Japanese men, Sadatsuchi Uchida and Seito Saibara. Their idea and venture ultimately led to the first rice plantation in Texas that attracted Japanese men and their wives. Cambodians. The first Cambodians arrived in Houston while fleeing the Cambodian genocide. Agencies used Houston's climate as a reason to place Cambodian refugees there. A 23-house complex called \"Khmer Village\" was established"}, {"text": "off of Interstate 10 (Eastex Freeway) in the east side of the city. A woman named Yani Rose Keo became a community leader and was involved in the affairs of Cambodians who settled in Houston. In 2000 Yani Keo stated that 80,000 people of Cambodian origins lived in Houston while Greater Houston had a total of 82,000 people of Cambodian origins. Many Cambodians in Houston operate doughnut shops; according to Samoeurn Phan, a Cambodian man quoted by food writer Robb Walsh in \"The Washington Post\", about 90% of the doughnut shops in Houston were owned by Cambodians in 2017. In 1985 Keo established a farm in an area called \"Little Cambodia,\" in Brazoria County, near Rosharon. Terrence McCoy of the \"Houston Press\" stated that there were \"perhaps\" 90 families of Cambodian origin living there. In the 2000s (decade) the farmers got into a dispute with the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) over the farming of water spinach, which the TPWD classified as \u201cHarmful or Potentially Harmful Exotic Fish, Shellfish and Aquatic Plants.\u201d Ultimately the TPWD allowed the farming of water spinach with proper mandated state regulations. \"Little Cambodia\" sustained damage during Hurricane Ike in 2008, and in Hurricane Harvey"}, {"text": "in 2017. , 77583, the ZIP code of Rosharon, Texas, has the highest concentration of Cambodian Americans in the Greater Houston area. Circa the 1980s there was the Cambodian/Khmer School of Houston. Other ethnic groups. In addition Houston has populations of Asians from other countries in Southeast Asia and East Asia. This includes Burma (Myanmar), Indonesia, and Thailand. In 2010 there were 40,684 Asians from Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, and Thailand living in Harris County, making up 14.5% of the Asians there. By 2023, Houston Buddhist Vihara became the gathering hub of Houston's Sri Lankan community. In 1990 there were 12,114 Asians from other countries in Harris County, making up 11% of the county's Asian population. In 2000 the number had increased to 20,579, making up 10.7% of the county's Asian population. The other Asian population of Harris County increased by almost 100% from 2000 to 2010. As of 1983 the Consulate-General of Indonesia, Houston estimated that 300 Indonesian persons were in Houston. As of 2004 Houston had the fifth largest Indonesian population in the United States; this helps sustain the consulate. Over the three years leading to 2009, Houston took about 2,200 Burmese. Geography. The Asian American population of Greater"}, {"text": "Katy was about 40,000 in 2019, and from 2000 to 2010 that population increased 300%. There is a development called Katy Asia Town, which is large. It includes an H Mart. By 2020 large numbers of Asian Americans settled suburbs in the Houston area, and Asian Americans were the racial group with the highest growth rates in multiple Houston area counties. Institutions. In 2010, the Houston Asian American Archives (HAAA), a part of the Chao Center for Asian Studies, Rice University opened. Commerce. In 2002, Asian Americans received about one quarter of loans given in the Houston area by the Small Business Administration. By 2020 ethnic Asian bakeries opened in Houston, including those of Taiwanese and Vietnamese backgrounds. Politics. Chen and Harwell wrote circa 2015 that the amount of Asian Americans could \"swing an election\" even though they were not \"a large voting bloc\", arguing that Lee P. Brown's efforts to make campaign material via telephone and in writing in Asian languages helped secure his victory in the 2001 city elections. The Houston 80-20 Asian American Political Action Committee, created in 1999, was set up to represent minorities of Asian origin and to support candidates perceived as supporting them; this"}, {"text": "PAC does not support any particular political party. Beverley Clark, of mixed Chinese and African-American origins, was elected to the Houston City Council in 1989, being the first city council member of Asian origins. Martha Wong, elected to the council in 1993, was the first person of majority Asian origins to be elected to the council. The first person of an at-large position on the council of Asian origins was Gordon Quan, elected in 1999. The first Muslim on the council, M. J. Khan, an ethnic Pakistani elected in 2003, was also classified as Asian. In 1987 Hannah Chow was elected as the No. 5 official of the Harris County Criminal Court of Law, making her the first elected official of the Harris County government of Asian origins."}, {"text": "Kamyshovka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kaysatskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 26 as of 2010. Geography. Kamyshovka is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 31 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Korolyovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Walter W. Rose was an American politician and real estate developer in Florida. He served in the Florida Senate including as President of the Florida Senate. He was a Democrat. Rose moved to Florida in 1909. He bought the Ericsson house in 1920. He platted the Rosemere subdivision in Orlando's College Park subdivision and donated land for what is now Dickson Azalea Park along Fern Creek. Rose named the streets in the area he platted for colleges. He served in the State Senate from 1933 until 1948 as a Democrat."}, {"text": "Karabidayevka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 93 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Karabidayevka is located 11 km south-east from Elton, 124 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Elton is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Karpov () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 117 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Karpov is located 13 km from Elton, 105 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vengelovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kobzev () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Goncharovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 116 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Kobzev is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 48 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sapunkov is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The Second Battle of Ras al-Ayn occurred during the 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria, as part of the Rojava conflict of the Syrian Civil War. The battle was fought between Turkish Armed Forces and the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army (SNA) against the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). The battle resulted in the capture of Ras al-Ayn/Ser\u00ea Kaniy\u00ea by Turkish/SNA forces on 20 October, and the incorporation of the town under the Turkish occupation of northern Syria. Background. The battle began with the start of the 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria on 9 October 2019. Turkish forces and their rebel allies the Syrian National Army, also known as the Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army (TFSA), targeted two border towns, Ras al-ayn and Tell Abyad, 120 kilometres to its west. Battle. Initial advances. Turkish and TFSA forward troops crossed into Syria, moving close to Ras Al-Ayn on 9 October. The town was initially targeted by artillery and aerial bombing by the Turkish Air Force, which resulted in some of the civilian population fleeing the area, heading south. Reinforced Turkish units proceeded to move towards the town later in the day. Turkish forces enter Ras al-Ayn. On 12 October, more Turkish and TFSA"}, {"text": "forces attacked and entered Ras al-Ayn, with some reports stating that Turkish troops had advanced into the center of the town. The SDF conducted a tactical retreat, pulling back in response to a Turkish artillery bombardment of their positions. Clashes continued in the industrial district as Turkish forces continued to advance into the town, gaining control of the residential center, with some Turkish media sources stating that the town had been completely captured. However, SDF troops released video of themselves still in the town, continuing to engage the Turkish forces. Around this time, Kurdish politician and secretary general of the Future Syria Party Hevrin Khalaf, alongside a number of unarmed civilians, was captured on a road by Ahrar al-Sharqiya fighters and executed outside the town. On 13 October, a convoy of SDF supporters and international media was attacked while attempting to enter Ras al-Ayn to show support. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR) said Turkish war planes had attacked the column, killing 14 people and injuring 10. SDF counteroffensive. On 13 October, the SDF launched a counter-offensive, pushing back Turkish forces and recapturing key points of the town, including the industrial district. By 15 October, the SDF had fully"}, {"text": "recaptured the town and repelled attacks from four groups of the TFSA, according to SOHR. The SDF had built extensive tunnel networks under Ras al-Ayn prior to the Turkish incursion and used them to launch attacks on Turkish and TFSA units in the town. Siege and ceasefire. On 17 October, amid heavy clashes, Turkish and TFSA forces completely besieged and captured half of Ras al-Ayn after encircling the town and cutting off all roads leading to it, according to SOHR. Later in the day, the United States government and Turkey agreed to a five-day ceasefire deal to allow the SDF to withdraw from the 20 mile safe-zone on the Syria\u2013Turkey border. The SDF said they only accepted the ceasefire in the area between Tall Abyad and Ras al-Ayn, and rejected withdrawing from the entire 20 mile area and transferring the territory to Turkey, calling the effort an occupation. Clashes continued in Ras al-Ayn despite the ceasefire, with both sides accusing each other of violating the ceasefire. Kurdish Red Crescent ambulances reported they could not reach the town to evacuate the wounded SDF fighters on the first day of the ceasefire. Around this time, a Turkish airstrike wounded five civilians, who"}, {"text": "were then evacuated to al-Hasakah where Syrian medics showed to the media burns on the victims that they said were consistent with the use of white phosphorus. Turkey rejected accusations it used white phosphorus. On 18 October, a large convoy of 80 cars and 400 civilians, including the Free Burma Rangers and people who had traveled from Derik, Qamishli, Tell Tamer, and al-Hasakah, attempted to reach Ras al-Ayn to provide humanitarian aid. According to the SDF, the convoy was blocked from entry by TFSA fighters. In the afternoon, the SDF said an aid convoy had been let through, after having been prevented from entering the town since earlier in the day. Around this time, Syrian Army units confronted the Turkish and TFSA units near Ras Al-Rayn for the first time, with reports by the media that they could join the battle on the side of the SDF, potentially lifting the siege of the city. On 20 October, the Kurdish Red Crescent were allowed into the town and evacuated 30 injured people, both civilians and soldiers. The medical team stated that the town was running low on supplies. The hospital itself had come under attack in an attempt by the TFSA"}, {"text": "to capture it. International fighters with the SDF saw combat, and at least one German national died in the battle defending the hospital. SDF withdrawal. On 20 October, three days after Ras al-Ayn was fully encircled, the SDF announced they would be withdrawing from the town to comply with the US-brokered deal with Turkey. Some SDF forces began withdrawing, accompanied by some of the civilian residents who fled in fear of the Turkish-allied militias. The SDF commander who announced the deal said the SDF would withdraw back to the 30 km area imposed by the ceasefire conditions only after the civilians and soldiers were allowed to evacuate from Ras al-Ayn. Despite the ceasefire, the town was still sporadically shelled and occasional gunfights broke out. SDF troops completely withdrew from Ras al-Ayn by the end of 20 October, with an SDF spokesperson saying that no SDF troops were left inside the town. 86 vehicles left the town, taking SDF troops to Tell Tamer, located about 40 kilometres south of Ras al-Ayn, alongside a few hundred civilians. Turkish and TFSA units officially captured the town later in the day. Alleged white phosphorus use. Allegations that illegal weapons had been used by TFSA"}, {"text": "forces were raised by medical teams treating civilians, who had been hit by Turkish allied forces weaponry in Ras Al-Ain on the 17th of October. A number of civilians, who had been evacuated to the nearby town of Hasakah to be treated at the Hospital, showed signs consistent with White Phosphorus burns. The civilians had the burn marks on both their faces and torso, and were first and second degree burns. Intentionally using white phosphorus against civilians, can be construed as a war crime. UN investigators collected evidence in order to investigate the claims. The Turkish Government denied it was a chemical attack, stating that they had no chemical weapons in their inventory. The situation was made worse for the wounded by the fact there were few medical centres left in Ras Al-Ain that could treat people. The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) made moves to investigate the attack, but eventually did not start an investigation, stating that White Phosphorus is a heat based weapon rather than chemical, and so outside its remit. There was some criticism of the OPCW, with allegation that it was biased based on the fact it received donations from Turkey."}, {"text": "Komsomolsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Kalashnikovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,285 as of 2010. There are 15 streets. Geography. Komsomolsky is located on the Caspian Depression, 65 km of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vishnevka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Korolyovka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kaysatskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 11 as of 2010. Geography. Korolyovka is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 35 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kaysatskoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Krasny Oktyabr () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Krasnooktyabrskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,836 as of 2010. There are 23 streets. Geography. Krasny Oktyabr is located on the left bank of the Torgun River, 29 km west of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Staraya Ivantsovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kulikov () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Savinskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 84 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Kulikov is located in steppe, 34 km east of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Borsy is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Kumysolechebnitsa () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Savinskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 245 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Kumysolechebnitsa is located on the left bank of the Torgun River, 35 km northeast of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Maximovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Limanny () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Limannoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 693 as of 2010. There are 11 streets. Geography. Limanny is located on the left bank of the Torgun River, 17 km east of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zalivnoy is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Lisunovo () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Savinskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 119 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Lisunovo is located on the right bank of the Torgun River, 41 km northeast of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Smychka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "LIBstick (library + sticking) is a label printing tool which is intended for libraries to create, edit and print book labels, such as spine labels, in an easy, quick and straightforward way. The tool is based on SaaS and is accessible via web browsers with no need for software installation. It is made to extract data from an integrated library system (ILS), such as Ex Libris's Alma, for the automatic creation of labels. It was developed and is maintained in the Technion libraries, in Haifa, Israel. Background. After replacing Ex Libris's Aleph ILS software with the company's Alma cloud-based ILS in December 2017 the Technion Libraries started using SpineOMatic to produce book spine labels. Due to usability issues and the lack of edit options in SpineOMatic, and compatibility issues between Alma and the previous label printing software that was used at the Technion while using Aleph, the Technion Libraries IS Team developed a simple XML based solution. There are 15 Libraries in the Technion, each with its own label printing format. Due to this diversity the XML solution was added with additional functionality and with the template design studio, which led to the creation of LIBstick and its release in"}, {"text": "June 2019. Functionality. LIBstick consists of a main menu pane on the left and a board pane on the right, where labels are prepared for printing. The board contains a template, which is a grid of a certain number of rows and columns to match a sheet of labels to print on. The labels in a given template contain fields which are automatically filled in with data extracted from an ILS, such as Alma. The data extraction is executed by scanning an item's barcode, or typing it in. Each field is defined to contain a certain piece of information about the item such as call number, barcode, volume number, edition statement, public note, and more, according to the template's predefinitions. LIBstick is mainly designed to extract data from Alma, but it is also compatible with Aleph. Various templates can be set up and in each template various fields for the labels can be defined according to the library's needs. It is possible to define, in each template, how each field in the labels would appear according to font, size and color. The paper type for printing is also defined by the template. Switching between templates is also possible during editing."}, {"text": "When doing so the format of the labels in a selected template changes according to the newly selected template's settings. Templates can be edited, saved, duplicated, renamed and deleted. The data in each field in a label can be edited. They can be fully or partially replaced, added or erased as users see fit. Besides editing, labels can be repositioned within the template, duplicated and deleted. LIBstick defines three user roles: Manager, Designer and Maker. Each role has its own privileges including all the privileges of the following roles in the list. The Managers act as admins with all privileges. Their own privileges include role assignments to users and setting API keys. The Designers can design templates, share their templates within their institution, upload new fonts and logos, and manage papers. The Makers can manage their own profiles and edit and print out labels. LIBstick uses the following technologies: MaterializeCSS, jQuery, JavaScript, HTML, CSS, PHP, WordPress (CMS), MySQL, JSON, AJAX, RESTful API. Exposure. The service is in use by several libraries at the Technion, several Israeli universities and is in different stages of implementation in institutions worldwide, including in United States, UK, Hong Kong, Austria and Australia. In late August"}, {"text": "2019 LIBstick was presented in the Annual IGeLU 2019 Conference in Singapore and received great exposure and positive feedback. LIBstick is the default label printing solution for Alma as stated in the official documentations of Ex Libris. Since 2023 LIBstick provides services to FOLIO and Koha."}, {"text": "Maximovka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Savinskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 66 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Maximovka is located on the right bank of the Torgun River, 35 km northeast of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kumysolechebnitsa is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Novaya Ivantsovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Zavolzhskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 476 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Novaya Ivantsovka is located on the Caspian Depression, on the right bank of the Torgun River, 11 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pallasovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Hermanas Mirabal is a Santo Domingo Metro station on Line 1. It was open on 22 January 2009 as part of the inaugural section of Line 1 between Mam\u00e1 Ting\u00f3 and Centro de los H\u00e9roes. The station is between Jos\u00e9 Francisco Pe\u00f1a G\u00f3mez and M\u00e1ximo G\u00f3mez. This is an elevated station built next to Avenida Hermanas Mirabal. It is named in honor of the Mirabal sisters."}, {"text": "Novostroyka () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Kalashnikovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,926 as of 2010. There are 37 streets. Geography. Novostroyka is located on the left bank of the Torgun River, 4 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pallasovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "The 1989\u201390 B Group was the 34th season of the Bulgarian B Football Group, the second tier of the Bulgarian football league system. A total of 20 teams contested the league."}, {"text": "Novy () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kaysatskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 66 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Novy is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 47 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kaysatskoye is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Otgonny () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 39 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Otgonny is located 143 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Priozerny is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "A Dictionary of All Religions and Religious Denominations is a 19th-century comprehensive survey of world religions by the American author, Hannah Adams. It was first published in Boston, Massachusetts in 1817. In 1817, appeared \"A Dictionary of All Religions and Religious Denominations\", dedicated as before to John Adams. This was a popular book from the first. It was published in England with a preface and additions by Mr. Andrew Fuller; also in another form by Mr. Thomas Williams, who likewise made alterations. Adams acknowledged herself indebted to both these editions for some of the improvements in her fourth edition. It received the notice of Jared Sparks in the North American Review; he pronounced it the best manual of the kind he knew of. \"It has the peculiar merit,\" he added, \"of the strictest candor and impartiality; and so completely has the author divested herself of all in lividual prepossessions, that it may be doubted whether from a single passage in the whole work her own religious sentiments can be inferred. This freedom from personal bias, in exhibiting the views of others, especially on topics rarely touched without calling out private opinion, inspires confidence in her statements, as well as respect"}, {"text": "for her judgment and Christian charity.\""}, {"text": "Prigarino () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Romashkovksoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 140 as of 2010. Geography. The village is located on the Caspian Depression, in the left bank of the Yama River, 6.5 km from Romashki, 30 km from Pallasovka, 310 km from Volgograd."}, {"text": "The Liverpool F.C.\u2013Manchester City F.C. rivalry is an inter-city rivalry between English professional football clubs Liverpool and Manchester City. Liverpool play their home games at Anfield, while Manchester City play their home games at the Etihad Stadium. Although Liverpool and Manchester City were first involved in a title race in the 1976\u201377 season, their modern-day rivalry began in the mid-2010s, since which time the clubs have been in three close title races with each other and reached five UEFA Champions League finals, winning one each. Since the 2017\u201318 season, at which time Liverpool were managed by J\u00fcrgen Klopp and Manchester City by Pep Guardiola, the two clubs dominated English football, with one of the two winning every Premier League title, three out of seven FA Cups and six out of seven EFL Cups. During this period, the two clubs set six of the eight highest Premier League points totals since 1995, when the number of games for each team per season was reduced to 38. Players and managers from Liverpool and City have also dominated the individual awards in English football since 2017\u201318: each Premier League Player of the Season award, PFA Players' Player of the Year award and FWA"}, {"text": "Footballer of the Year award, and five out of six Premier League Young Player of the Season awards, went to players from the two clubs, and each Premier League Manager of the Season award went to either Guardiola or Klopp. The quality of the rivalry has been praised, with pundit and former Liverpool and England player Jamie Carragher describing it in 2022 as \"the best we've ever had in English football... We've never had the two best teams and managers in the world together fighting it out.\" In 2022, the BBC noted that the two clubs \"have produced a rivalry in recent years that has taken the standard of English football to another level.\" Inter-city rivalry. The cities of Liverpool and Manchester are located in the north west of England, apart. Since the industrial revolution there has been a consistent theme of rivalry between the two cities based around economic and industrial competition. Manchester through to the 18th century was the far more populous city, and held a position of significance and notability as representative of the north. By the late 18th century, Liverpool had grown as a major sea port \u2013 critical to the growth and success of the"}, {"text": "northern cotton mills. Over the next century, Liverpool grew to supersede Manchester and throughout the late 19th and early 20th century was often described as the British Empire's second city. The links between the two cities were strengthened with the construction of the Bridgewater Canal, the Mersey and Irwell Navigation, and the world's first inter-city railway, the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, for the transport of raw materials inland. The construction of the Manchester Ship Canal, funded by Manchester merchants, was opposed by Liverpool politicians and bred resentment between the two cities. Tension between working class Liverpool dockers and labourers in Manchester was heightened after its completion in 1894, just three months prior to the first meeting between Liverpool and Newton Heath in a play-off match that would see Newton Heath relegated to the Second Division. Today, the crests of both the city of Manchester and Manchester City include stylised ships representing the Manchester Ship Canal and Manchester's trade roots. The ship is also included on the crest of many other Mancunian institutions such as Manchester City Council and rivals Manchester United. Post-war shifts in economic ties, reliance on regional coal, and shifts in transatlantic trade patterns caused by the growth"}, {"text": "of Asian labour markets caused the gradual decline of British manufacturing. While the city of Liverpool suffered the loss of its primary source of income to southern port cities, Manchester maintained some of its manufacturing heritage. This reversal of fortunes happened against the backdrop of shifting political backgrounds and significant events in British culture and society in the second half of the 20th century. Both cities were part of the county of Lancashire until March 1974, upon the enactment of the Local Government Act 1972. Since then, Liverpool and Manchester each respectively anchor the neighbouring metropolitan counties of Merseyside and Greater Manchester. The two cities continue to be strong regional rivals, vying for influence of surrounding areas. Their continued importance to the UK economy has been reflected with the awarding of the 2002 Commonwealth Games to Manchester, while Liverpool was awarded the title of 2008 European Capital of Culture as part of its ongoing regeneration. More recent projects by Peel Ports have sought to re-establish the economic links between the Port of Liverpool and Port of Manchester, including re-developing trade links via the Manchester Ship Canal. Football rivalry. Liverpool and Manchester City were not traditional rivals, with Liverpool having had"}, {"text": "much more success historically. At the time of the Abu Dhabi United Group takeover of City in 2008, Liverpool had won five European Cups, a record eighteen domestic top-flight league titles, seven FA cups and a record seven Football League Cups; City, conversely had won zero European Cups, two domestic top-flight league titles, four FA Cups and two Football League Cups. By 2008, however, neither team were dominant domestically, with Liverpool having not won a top-flight league title since 1990, and City since 1968. The modern rivalry began in the 2013\u201314 Premier League season. Liverpool, under Brendan Rodgers, and Manchester City, in their first season under Manuel Pellegrini, engaged in a three-way title race with Jose Mourinho's Chelsea, with each team leading at various points in the season. Ultimately, City won the title on the last day of the season, finishing two points ahead of Liverpool. Neither Liverpool nor Manchester City made a serious challenge for the league title in the next three seasons, though during the 2015\u201316 season \u2013 Liverpool's first under manager J\u00fcrgen Klopp \u2013 the two met in the final of the League Cup. After a 1\u20131 draw in normal time and no goals scored in extra"}, {"text": "time, City won the penalty shoot-out 3\u20131. In the 2017\u201318 season, Manchester City \u2013 now managed by Pep Guardiola \u2013 comfortably won the league title with a top-flight record of 100 point, as well as winning the League Cup. They met Liverpool in the quarter-finals of the Champions League, with Liverpool winning 5-1 on aggregate. Liverpool would go on to reach the Champions League final, losing to Real Madrid. In the 2018\u201319 season, the rivalry between the two clubs reached new heights, as both Liverpool and Manchester City were involved in a very close title race. City won the league title on the final day, finishing on 98 points to Liverpool's 97 \u2013 the third- and fourth- highest points totals in English top-flight history. City also won the 2018\u201319 FA Cup and League Cup for an unprecedented 'domestic treble', while Liverpool won their English record-extending sixth European Cup with victory over Tottenham Hotspur in the final. In the 2019\u201320 season, Manchester City defeated Liverpool on penalties in the 2019 FA Community Shield and also won their third League Cup in a row. Liverpool, however, dominated the league season, and after City's defeat to Chelsea in June, Liverpool mathematically won their"}, {"text": "nineteenth league title (and first in the Premier League era), finishing on 99 points, the second-highest total in English top-flight history. City finished in second, 18 points behind. In the 2020\u201321 season, Liverpool had a less successful season, losing many key players to injury. Manchester City won the league title comfortably, along with their fourth League Cup in a row. They also reached their first European Cup final, losing to Chelsea. In the 2021\u201322 season, Liverpool and Manchester City were once more involved in a close title race. City again won the league title on the final day, finishing on 93 points to Liverpool's 92. Liverpool won the League Cup and the FA Cup, knocking City out in the semi-finals of the latter competition. They also reached the final of the Champions League, losing again to Real Madrid. In the 2022\u201323 season, Liverpool beat Manchester City 3\u20131 in the 2022 FA Community Shield, but could not repeat the previous season's form in the league, ultimately finishing fifth. City enjoyed their most successful season to date, becoming just the second English side to win a 'continental treble' \u2013 the Premier League, FA Cup and their first Champions League, which they won"}, {"text": "by defeating Inter Milan in the final. They also knocked Liverpool out in the fourth round of the League Cup, before being knocked out themselves in the quarter-finals. In the 2023-24 season, City won their record fourth consecutive league title after a close race with Arsenal. J\u00fcrgen Klopp announced in January that this would be his final season with Liverpool, who won their record-extending tenth League Cup. In the 2024-25 season, Liverpool won their record-equalling twentieth English top flight league title under new manager Arne Slot. City did not win a major trophy for the first time since the 2016\u201317 season. Players and managers from Liverpool and City have dominated the individual awards in English football since 2018, with each Premier League Player of the Season award, FWA Footballer of the Year award, PFA Players' Player of the Year award and five out of six Premier League Young Player of the Season awards going to players from the two clubs, and each Premier League Manager of the Season award going to either Guardiola or Klopp. Rivalry between managers. A large part of the rivalry between Liverpool and Manchester City which has developed since the late 2010s has been that of"}, {"text": "the rivalry of their managers, J\u00fcrgen Klopp and Pep Guardiola respectively. Though the majority of journalism on the rivalry of the two has been around their time in England, it was formed originally in Germany. With Guardiola managing Bayern Munich and Klopp leading Borussia Dortmund - collectively the two most successful German clubs, contesting a rivalry known as \"Der Klassiker\" - the two faced off eight times in under two years, including three cup finals. They each won four of those eight matches, with Klopp taking two of the three trophies they contested. Both men would move directly from Germany to England at the end of their contracts; Klopp joined Liverpool on 8 October 2015, while on 1 February 2016 it was announced that Guardiola would join City for the 2016\u201317 season. At the end of the 2018\u201319 season, Guardiola described his relationship with Klopp as a \"beautiful rivalry\" and called Klopp's Liverpool team \"the strongest opponents I have faced in my career as a manager\". In September 2019, Klopp hailed Guardiola for being his 'greatest rival ever', after both the two were nominated for the FIFA Men's Coach of the Year award in 2019, which Klopp won. Reaction. Journalists"}, {"text": "and pundits have praised the quality of Liverpool and Manchester City's rivalry. Pundit and former Liverpool and England player Jamie Carragher describing it in 2022 as \"the best we\u2019ve ever had in English football... We've never had the two best teams and managers in the world together fighting it out.\" Pundit and former England player Gary Neville described it as \"an exceptional rivalry in the terms of excellence and consistency\". In the same year, the BBC noted that the two clubs \"have produced a rivalry in recent years that has taken the standard of English football to another level.\" In 2023, the Manchester Evening News noted the particularly \"heated\" and \"hostile\" nature of the rivalry, and that \"the clashes between the two clubs were now becoming season defining\". Current players for the two clubs have also commented on the rivalry with each other. In 2023, Manchester City player Rodri said that \"The rivalry is always there, no matter what the situation is of each team. It has always been a big rivalry in the last few years\". A survey conducted in 2019 found that a large number of City fans consider Liverpool, not Manchester United, to be their club's biggest"}, {"text": "rivals. However, a survey conducted in 2023 found that Liverpool fans consider Manchester City to be their third biggest rivals, behind Manchester United and Chelsea, but ahead of Everton. A 19-year-old man, Kian Holt, was charged with tragedy chanting following a Premier League match between Liverpool and Manchester City at Anfield on 1 December 2024. Eight other men were also arrested on similar charges but released on bail. The chants referenced the 1989 Hillsborough disaster, which claimed 97 Liverpool fans' lives. Head-to-head. The below table demonstrates the competitive results, excluding extra time/penalties, between the two sides (not indicative of titles won). League includes the Premier League, League Division One and League Division Two. The Lancashire Section and the War Leagues are not included. Matches. The table below shows the matches played between Manchester City and Liverpool, separated by home, as in matches played at Manchester City's home stadium (following a nomadic embryonic existence, City resided at Hyde Road from 1887 to 1923, then Maine Road until 2003, and finally the City of Manchester Stadium from the 2003\u201304 season onwards) are shown in the left hand table and matches played in Liverpool's home stadium (Anfield) are shown on the right. Cup"}, {"text": "finals are typically played at a neutral location such as the England national football team home stadium (Wembley)."}, {"text": "Priozerny () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 199 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Priozerny is located 123 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Elton is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Prudentov () is a rural locality (a khutor) and the administrative center of Revolyutsionnoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 997 as of 2010. There are 18 streets. Geography. Prudentov is located 87 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zolotari is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Put Ilyicha () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Priozyornoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 759 as of 2010. There are 13 streets. Geography. Put Ilyicha is located 90 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vengelovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "DSK Deutsch-Skandinavische Verwaltungs GmbH (formerly SEB AG and DSK Hyp AG) is the German subsidiary of one of the largest Swedish banks, the Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken (SEB). History. In Germany, the bank began its business activities in 1976 with its own subsidiary (\"Deutsch-Skandinavische Bank\", later \"Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AG\"). In the year 2000 the SEB group acquired the former \"Bank f\u00fcr Gemeinwirtschaft\" (BfG), which was renamed SEB AG in 2001. In the private customer business, the SEB had 174 branches and one million customers in Germany. At the end of January 2011, the SEB sold its private customer business in Germany to the Spanish Santander Consumer Bank. Since then, the bank has concentrated in Germany on its core activities, business with companies and institutional clients. As part of this strategy, the SEB AG sold its subsidiary SEB Asset Management AG at the end of August 2015, including its significant holding SEB Investment GmbH. At the beginning of 2018, the SEB transferred its main business activities \u2013 the collaboration with companies, institutional clients and international real estate investors - to a branch (SEB AG Frankfurt Branch) of the Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AG (publ). The SEB's head office in Germany is in"}, {"text": "Frankfurt am Main, and the bank also has a location in Munich. On 4 December 2018, SEB AG changed its name to DSK Hyp AG. Business. In Germany, the company was active in the fields of corporate clients, institutional clients and structured real estate finance. In 2005, it became the first commercial bank to issue mortgage bonds. The former \"SEB Hypothekenbank\" was therefore incorporated as a mortgage and bonds bank in the SEB AG. The bonds business of SEB in Germany continues to be operated by the SEB AG. Solvency. SEB AG was rated A2 by the Credit rating agency Moody's. Moody's rates SEB AG's public sector bonds and mortgage bonds Aaa. (As of: July 2015)"}, {"text": "Romanenko () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Goncharovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 32 as of 2010. Geography. Romanenko is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 70 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gonchary is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Romashki () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Romashkovksoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,253 as of 2010. There are 11 streets. Geography. Romashki is located 24 km northwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Prigarino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Savinka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 3,428 as of 2010. There are 33 streets. Geography. Savinka is located on the bank of the Torgun River, 18 km east of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Smychka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Hugh Despenser (c. 1337/8 \u2013 2 March 1374) was an English soldier and knight. Biography. Hugh was the second son of Edward Despenser and Anne Ferrers. While with an English force in northwest France in 1370 and was captured during an action. He died on 2 March 1374 at Padua, Veneto, Italy. Marriage and issue. Hugh married Alice, daughter of John Hotham, they had the following issue."}, {"text": "Sadchikov () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Revolyutsionnoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 94 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Sadchikov is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 100 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Prudentov is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "On August 10, 2016, Larnell Bruce, a 19-year-old black man, was run over by a Jeep driven by Russell Courtier, a member of the European Kindred gang, outside a 7-Eleven convenience store in Gresham, Oregon. Bruce died from his injuries three days later. In March 2019, Courtier was found guilty of murder and hate crime, while his girlfriend Colleen Hunt, who had been in the Jeep with Courtier, pleaded guilty to manslaughter. Courtier was sentenced to life with a minimum of 28 years, while Hunt received a 10-year sentence. The case was the subject of a two-part BBC Two documentary series called \"A Black And White Killing: The Case That Shook America\"."}, {"text": "Sapunkov () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Goncharovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 100 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Sapunkov is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 51 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kobzev is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Sakharovka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kaysatskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. There is 1 street. Geography. Sakharovka is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 45 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novy is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Selyanka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Romashkovksoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 40 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. History. The village was founded as \"Frankreich\" in 1861 by the Volga German colonists resettling from Galka. The parish was Lutheran and it was severely effected by the Povolzhye famine in 1921. Geography. Selyanka is located on the Caspian Depression, 27 km northwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zavolzhsky is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Segorodsky () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Limannoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 287 as of 2010. There are 7 streets. Geography. Segorodsky is located in steppe, 20 km southeast of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pallasovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Smychka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Savinskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 271 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Smychka is located on the left bank of the Torgun River, 24 km northeast of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Savinka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Palazzo Tognetti is an Art Nouveau building in Grosseto, Italy. It was designed by Giuseppe Luciani and completed in 1910. The building is located on Corso Carducci, the city center's main street, and is considered one of the best examples of Liberty style in southern Tuscany. History. The palace was commissioned by the Tognetti brothers who owned a news agency in Grosseto. It was designed by engineer-artist Giuseppe Luciani and inaugurated in 1910. Description. Exterior. The building, with a rectangular plan, rises over three floors plus an attic. Its fa\u00e7ades, highlighted by string courses and divided into regular sections by fluted pilasters at the base and at the height of the capitals, feature rich decorative elements in artificial stone. These include floral motifs around the openings and on the long balustrade of the upper terrace. The ground floor, with its notable wooden shopfronts in the corner, uses rough cement as a base, finished with a classic-style cornice. The entrances are framed in artificial stone, which also adorns the openings on the upper floors, featuring floral designs. Vining motifs are repeated in the wrought-iron railings of the balconies that mark the centers of the two fa\u00e7ades and in the lunettes of"}, {"text": "the doors and windows. Together with the intricate patterns of the balustrades and the crown molding, these elements represent the main Art Nouveau decorative motif. Another notable feature is the color contrast between the gray artificial stone\u2014a \"modern\" material widely used for decorative parts at the time\u2014and the light-colored plastered surfaces of the fa\u00e7ades. Interior. Inside, the entrance hall, weakly illuminated by the glazed overdoor, retains its colorful hexagonal cement tile flooring and features a spiral staircase at the back with a terrazzo finish, cast-iron balusters, and a wooden handrail. The aesthetic impact of the staircase, significant in the design, diminishes in the realization due to its location and, despite the skylight, its almost complete lack of natural light. The steep winding and limited space make the staircase particularly narrow. However, the space expands on the top floor due to the skylight, which is adorned with an elegant stucco frame with paired corbels at the corners. The apartments, two per floor, are used for both office and residential purposes. Critical reception. Quattrocchi (2006) observes that the building stands out as a unique piece in the work of architect Luciani, who was representative of an academic, classicist culture. Although Luciani's commitment"}, {"text": "to Art Nouveau is described as \"late and occasional\", the result is noted for its \"great coherence and freshness\", particularly \"in the intricate vegetal motifs that frame the openings and enliven the railings and balustrades\". The design innovations are evident in the floor plan, \"centered around a spiral staircase that serves the apartments on various floors, reflecting the best examples of Art Nouveau\". However, this innovation is somewhat \"constrained by the limited space available for the staircase ramp\"."}, {"text": "Staraya Balka () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Krasnooktyabrskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 346 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Staraya Balka is located 17 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Staraya Ivantsovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Eloise Frances \"Ellie\" Laity (born 9 May 1994) is a Welsh international field hockey player, who plays as a midfielder for Wales. Career. Club hockey. Laity plays club hockey in the Women's England Hockey League Premier Division for Clifton Robinsons. She has also played for Buckingham. National team. Eloise Laity made her debut for Wales in 2014, during a test\u2013series against Canada in Cardiff. The most notable representation of her hockey career came at the 2018 Commonwealth Games, where despite finishing second to last, was Laity's first major tournament with the national team."}, {"text": "Staraya Ivantsovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Zavolzhskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 555 as of 2010. There are 8 streets. Geography. Staraya Ivantsovka is located on the Caspian Depression, on the right bank of the Torgun River, 16 km west of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novaya Ivantsovka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Khudushny () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Kalashnikovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 139 as of 2010. There are 5 streets. Geography. Khudushny is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 19 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kalashniki is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Chernyshev () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Goncharovskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Chernyshev is located in steppe, on the Caspian Depression, 83 km southwest of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yershov is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Elton () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Eltonskoye Rural Settlement, Pallasovsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 2,723 as of 2010. There are 47 streets. Geography. Elton is located on the Caspian Depression, 113 km south of Pallasovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zhanibek is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Lebanon Wildfires 2019 is a series of 194 forest fires according to Lebanese Civil Defense, which broke out on Sunday 13 October at night, and spread over large areas of Lebanon's forests. It came on large areas of forests and residential areas in both the Chouf, Khroub and other areas to the south of Beirut, while four houses were completely burned. Residents were directed to evacuate their homes for fear of suffocation and threatening their lives. At least one civilian reportedly died in the Chouf area while volunteering to help firefighters extinguish a fire. The intensity of smoke clouds caused by the fires reached a limit covering the entrances of Beirut, Chouf and Saida. Possible Causes. According to preliminary reports, the fires started on Sunday evening, October 13, Because of high temperatures that reached 38 degrees Celsius and gusts dry winds helped spreading fires in forests and green areas. But many officials said it was too early to know the cause of the fires and that would be investigated. According to a report by Republic of Lebanon's Ministry of the Environment, the calculated start date of the fire danger season for 2019 was 23 May, and the calculated end date"}, {"text": "was 15 November 2019. Fire Resistance. The Lebanese Civil Defense confronted the fires for two days, but the lack of equipment and the large-scale expansion of fires led to its inability to resist fires. Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Al-Hariri confirmed his contact with a number of countries to send assistance via helicopters and firefighting planes, In response to these calls, Cyprus rushed to send two planes that participated with Lebanese army helicopters in the suppression operations. Jordan, Turkey and Greece also participated in firefighting. According to press reports on Tuesday (October 15), fire has decreased in different places due to rains"}, {"text": "The Raytheon Phaser is a directed-energy weapon developed by Raytheon Technologies that uses high-power microwave electromagnetic radiation to destroy hostile drones, which technically makes it a maser rather than a phaser. The system uses vacuum tube technology to generate the radiated power and uses a reflector antenna to generate a conical beam, giving it the ability to destroy multiple drones at once at short range."}, {"text": "12th Anti-Aircraft Brigade (12 AA Bde) was an air defence formation of the British Army during the Second World War. It specialised in providing anti-aircraft (AA) protection for forward airfields, for the Advanced Air Striking Force in the Battle of France and the Desert Air Force in the North African Campaign. It landed at Salerno in 1943 and fought through the Italian Campaign, its guns often engaging ground targets as well as aircraft. It was reformed postwar and continued for a few years in Anti-Aircraft Command. Origin. On 9 October 1939 the War Office ordered the formation of a brigade headquarters (HQ) to be responsible for defending the airfields of the Advanced Air Striking Force (AASF) then being assembled in France by the Royal Air Force (RAF). Brigadier W.T.O Crewdson, at that time commanding the Territorial Army's 38th Light Anti-Aircraft Brigade in the London area, was appointed to form the new HQ, which became 12th Anti-Aircraft Brigade. Crewdson and his immediate staff left for France on 11 October while the rest of the HQ assembled at the Duke of York's Headquarters, Chelsea, (HQ of 38 LAA Bde) and landed at Cherbourg on 18 October. By 23 October Brigade HQ was"}, {"text": "established at Chateau Polignac near the AASF's HQ at Reims. A brigade workshop section of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps (RAOC) was set up at \u00c9pernay and a brigade transport section of the Royal Army Service Corps (RASC) was at Reims. The brigade had no signal section yet, its communications being handled by 2nd Air Formation Signals of the Royal Corps of Signals attached to AASF HQ. The first two units to come under 12 AA Bde's command were the 53rd (City of London) and 73rd Anti-Aircraft Regiments of the Royal Artillery, TA units recruited from London and Birmingham respectively. Both units were equipped with semi-mobile 3-inch guns of 1918 pattern and were deployed to defend the initial five airfields round Reims from which Bristol Blenheims of the AASF began reconnoitring and raiding over Germany. Phoney War. There was no action while the British forces in France (the British Expeditionary Force, with its Air Component, and the independent AASF) were building up through the winter of 1939\u201340. Crewdson deployed 53rd AA Rgt to protect the AASF's northern airfields while 73rd took the southern group. Early in 1940 12 AA Bde was reinforced by 5 AA Battery from 2nd AA Regiment"}, {"text": "with the new 3.7-inch heavy AA (HAA) guns, and 162 Bty from 54th (Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders) Light AA Regiment with the new Bofors 40 mm light AA (LAA) guns. A battery of searchlights (S/Ls) was distributed across the airfields. The first four GL Mk. I gunlaying radar sets also arrived amidst much secrecy. The first intimation that the Phoney War was about to end came in late April when a lone Junkers Ju 88 bombed a hospital next to Reims Cathedral; it was engaged by British and French AA guns but escaped. From then on bombing raids were frequent. The joint AASF/12 AA Bde HQ received some damage, and 5 AA Bty was deployed to defend AASF HQ. Order of Battle May 1940. 12 AA Brigade had the following dispositions when the Battle of France began in May 1940: Battle of France. When the German offensive in the west opened on 10 May, 12 AA Bde was not involved in the BEFs advance into Belgium and subsequent retreat after the German Army broke through the Ardennes. However, the AASF flew many missions and took heavy casualties against the Ardennes breakthrough, while its airfields were subjected to dive-bombing and low-level"}, {"text": "attacks with which the old 3-inch guns and their Vickers Predictor No 1 and height-finders could not cope. At Cond\u00e9 Vraux the \"Luftwaffe\" destroyed six of 114 Squadron's Blenheims and damaged the remaining 12, as well as the airfield and petrol dump, putting the whole squadron and airfield out of service at the beginning of the battle, although the ground defences accounted for over half the attacking aircraft. By late May the BEF was cut off and was being evacuated from Dunkirk, while the AASF's airfields were being rolled up by German Army Group A as it advanced to the Somme. The AASF then became a mobile force, moving south to Troyes to continue supporting the French, followed by a further move back to the Blois area. 12 AA Brigade redeployed to defend these new airfields. Even after the Dunkirk evacuation ended a number of fighting formations and a large number of rear echelon units were still in France south of the Somme, and fresh British forces were being landed at France's western ports, covered by 3 AA Bde. The AASF's remaining bombers flew back to the UK, while its fighters moved to Nantes to cover this new concentration. 12"}, {"text": "AA Brigade set off towards Nantes, its regiments 'trundling their old 3-inch guns at their maximum speed of 10 to 12 mph, though Vend\u00f4me, Le Mans and Rennes on the long haul westwards'. Sections of 53rd and 73rd AA Rgts provided temporary cover along the line of retreat. On arrival at Nantes 157 and 159 Btys, each with seven guns, and 7 S/L Bty (without searchlights), occupied positions on either side of the River Loire. On 6 June the brigade was ordered to detach part of 53rd AA Rgt to southern France for an unspecified task. Together with a Troop of 162/54 LAA Bty, 157 and 159 Btys moved to Marseille where they joined 'Haddock Force', manning airfields to launch bombing raids by RAF Wellingtons against Italian targets. However, the surrender of France meant that Haddock Force was evacuated from Marseille to Gibraltar aboard a merchant ship with the remaining Bofors guns mounted on its decks. The situation in France was now beyond remedy, and the British government decided to evacuate its remaining troops from the Atlantic ports between 15 and 17 June (Operation Aerial). Detachments of 73rd AA Rgt maintained temporary cover for 72 hours along the route of"}, {"text": "the evacuation, and two of its precious GL radar sets were got away from Saint-Nazaire by 79th (Hertfordshire Yeomanry) AA Rgt of 3 AA Bde, but the rest of the equipment had to be destroyed on the dockside. Half of 12 AA Bde HQ embarked at Nantes, the remainder went to La Rochelle where the last vehicles and two GL sets were destroyed. Personnel embarked under air attack and the RMS \"Lancastria\", with thousands of servicemen and civilians aboard, including half of 12 AA Bde HQ and parties of 53rd and 73rd AA Rgts, was sunk off Saint-Nazaire with heavy loss of life. Three of brigade HQ's men were killed while 15 were pulled from the water, several of them wounded. Home Defence. The surviving personnel of 12 AA Bde HQ landed at Plymouth and Swansea. Crewdson was ordered to reassemble the HQ at Towyn in North Wales; then moved to Tadcaster in North Yorkshire, where it joined the brigade signal section that had been formed too late for service in France. At Tadcaster the brigade was under Northern Command, which gave it responsibility for some anti-invasion defence measures in Lincolnshire between the Humber and the Wash. In October 1940"}, {"text": "12 AA Bde HQ was ordered to proceed to Paignton and re-mobilise for overseas service. However, embarkation was postponed, and the HQ was instead sent to Coventry to reorganise the AA defences after the devastating air raid of 14/15 November. Embarkation orders were finally received on 1 February 1941 and the headquarters, including the signal section and RASC company, embarked at Gourock, without Brig Crewdson, who had been injured in an accident. Western Desert. 12 AA Brigade HQ arrived at Suez on 23 April and moved up to the Nile Delta. On 5 May Brig B.E. Floyd arrived from Malta, where he had been Brigadier, AA (BAA), to take command. The plan had been for the brigade to go to Greece, but the troops there had already been evacuated, and instead it was given the task of administering the AA personnel returning from Greece and Crete. Finally, on 16 July, 12 AA Bde moved up to join the Western Desert Force (WDF). Floyd was appointed BAA of the WDF, and his brigade was given responsibility for AA defence of the port of Mersa Matruh and several airfields. Air raids took place almost nightly, and the AA defences available were wholly"}, {"text": "inadequate: It was later joined by 94th HAA Rgt. In September 1941 the WDF made a small advance to Halfaya Pass and 12 AA Bde moved up to Sidi Barrani to protect nearby landing grounds (LGs), with 2nd LAA Rgt coming under its command. Eighth Army was now formed to take over from the WDF, and 12 AA Bde became directly responsible to Army HQ. Shortly afterwards the newly formed Desert Air Force took over the air units. In October 12 AA Bde HQ moved to Sanyat Amad Ali, where it was also given responsibility for protecting the railway that was being extended across the desert. 88th HAA and 27th LAA Rgts came under its command, while Axis aircraft continued to raid. Brigadier Floyd was evacuated sick and replaced by Brig E.G. Campbell. Operation Crusader. Eighth Army's new offensive into Libya (Operation Crusader) began on 18 November. 12 AA Brigade HQ moved up to Fort Maddelena on the Libyan\u2013Egyptian frontier, and Troops of 2nd LAA Rgt took up positions on new LGs occupied west of the frontier while 27th LAA Rgt covered the Desert Rail Head. General Erwin Rommel's counter-attack caused confusion, with retreating units driving through the LGs and"}, {"text": "both Eighth Army and 12 AA Bde's HQs. The LGs were evacuated, one Troop of 2nd LAA driving in convoy with advancing German troops, thinking them to be Afrikaans-speaking South Africans. The front was re-established while brigade HQ's clerks manned Boys anti-tank rifles for local defence and Brig J.N. Slater, BAA of Eighth Army, organised a temporary mobile column of LAA guns and light trucks (known as 'Slatforce') to operate behind enemy lines and cause disruption. Eighth Army attacked again, capturing Sidi Rezegh and the LGs around Gambut on 23 November. 12 AA Brigade set up at Sidi Rezegh, with HQ personnel assisting in burying the dead. During the move the brigade HQ pennant was lost, so a pair of PT shorts was flown as a marker flag. The garrison of Tobruk, including 4 AA Bde, was relieved a few days later. 12 AA Brigade HQ moved up to an abandoned German camp (nicknamed 'Sidi Loot') on the coast about 20 miles from Tobruk, and its defence platoon combed the coast for stray Germans. In December the brigade left 68th HAA Rgt (ex-4 AA Bde) to defend Benghazi and moved forward to Antelat. Here in mid-January 1942 the LG suffered"}, {"text": "the fiercest air attack of the campaign so far when 10 German fighter-bombers attacked, destroying several RAF fighters, though the AA guns shot down three attackers. Because of heavy rain, the RAF decided to evacuate Antelat and concentrate at Msus. Brigade HQ was just pulling out when Rommel launched his counter-offensive on 20 January, and the HQ convoy came under shellfire; two troops of 261/94 HAA Bty were unable to move their guns in the mud and they were captured. Reaching Msus that evening, the brigade found the enemy already approaching, so the retreat continued: 12 AA Bde had to abandon the forward LGs and Benghazi, moving back through Gambut to the airfield at El Adem, which was one of the fortified 'boxes' in Eighth Army's Gazala Line. Battle of Gazala. The Battle of Gazala began on 26 May, and Rommel's Axis forces quickly broke into the British position. As 12 AA Bde fell back from the advanced LGs in a series of defensive deployments, its guns joined the garrisons of the boxes, eight 3.7-inch guns of 88th HAA Rgt and Bofors troops of 2nd LAA Rgt joining 29th Indian Infantry Brigade in El Adem. Although the box was isolated"}, {"text": "by Axis troops, it held out, with the HAA guns in two-gun detachments engaging tanks, vehicles and guns at close range with High explosive, Armour-piercing and Shrapnel shells. The brigade also lent troops of Bofors guns to roving 'Jock columns'. Eventually, Eighth Army was forced to evacuate the boxes and retreat towards Egypt, the garrison of El Adem slipping away during the night of 17 June. Tobruk was captured on 21 June, including 4 AA Bde HQ and a number of 12 AA Bde's detached units (RHQ, 277 and 282 Btys of 88th HAA Rgt, 107 Bty of 27th LAA Rgt). Conversely, 14th (West Lothian, Royal Scots) LAA Rgt of 4 AA Bde was outside the perimeter and. escaped capture: it was 'picked up' by 12 AA Bde during the retreat. During the long retreat to the El Alamein position, 12 AA Bde, now under Brig Percy Calvert-Jones fell back in a series of rearguard actions at LGs, in the course of which it concentrated a sizeable body of troops: 88th and 94th HAA Rgts, 2nd, 14th, 15th (Isle of Man), 16th, 27th and 42nd LAA Rgts, two S/L troops and some motorised infantry. Eighth Army seized upon this collection"}, {"text": "to act as a blocking force, giving Calvert-Jones two infantry brigades in addition. 'Calforce' held defensive positions at 10 LGs, providing its own artillery support from AA guns sited for ground tasks. It also developed dummy LGs, complete with fake AA positions. Calforce remained in position during the First Battle of El Alamein, had 9th Independent Armoured Bde under its command from 26 August to 8 September, and was not withdrawn from the front line until later in September. Order of Battle, October 1942. After 12 AA Bde was withdrawn from its front line commitments, it reorganised for the planned offensive (the Second Battle of El Alamein) as follows: 12 AA Bde was directly subordinate to Eighth Army, which placed 21 Indian Infantry Bde under its command: Alamein to Tunis. 12 AA Brigade's role once again was to move up behind Eighth Army's advance and defend the DAF's LGs as they came into use, with batteries working under the command of the DAF tactical wing to which they were allocated. The 11-day battle to break through the Axis lines opened on 23 October, and after the break-out the airfields at Gambut and El Adem were quickly secured, 12 AA Bde's"}, {"text": "units following close behind. The brigade developed an efficient system of providing rolling support for the DAF's tactical wings as they made long shifts forwards to maintain contact with the advancing army. This involved the RAF, Royal Engineers (RE) airfield construction teams, and local ground defence units as well as the AA units; all were represented in the joint reconnaissance parties that followed closely behind the leading battalions. They selected new sites for landing strips or renovated old ones, maintaining radio contact through RAF or RA channels with the main body so that movement orders could be passed to the following AA batteries. Movement was usually by 'leap frogging' from previously occupied LGs, though sometimes an AA battery was waiting in a hidden concentration area ready to move forward. RAF transport aircraft flew ground staff, equipment and battery staffs to the new locations. Within a few hours the AA positions were manned and the fighter squadrons would arrive. 12 AA Brigade had 20\u201330 separate convoys moving on any given day, and by November it was providing cover for six RAF wings and one US Army Air Force (USAAF) Group, and also manning dummy airstrips, compete with flare-paths, aircraft, flash simulators"}, {"text": "and people. As the advance progressed the retreating Germans took greater pains to make abandoned LGs unusable; at one field near 'Marble Arch', 2000 mines had to be lifted by the RA/RE/RAF teams. On 21 January two squadrons of RAF Kittyhawk fighters prevented the enemy from ploughing up Castel Benito airfield. 12 AA Brigade followed Eighth Army all the way to Tripoli, which fell on 23 January 1943. By now, the brigade had 57th (Wessex) HAA Rgt (16 x 3-inch; 8 x 3.7-inch), 88th HAA Rgt (16 x 3.7-inch), 14th LAA Rgt (36 x Bofors), 16th LAA Rgt (24 x Bofors) and 27th LAA Rgt (48 x Bofors), with responsibility for Castel Benito, Buerat, Hamriet and various LGs, while 2 AA Bde followed up behind to protect the lines of communication, taking over responsibility for 94th HAA Rgt in Tripoli. The last phase of Eighth Army's operations in North Africa was the advance from Tripoli into Tunisia. 12 AA Brigade continued to conduct airfield defence, against increasing opposition. The typical mobile group allocated to an airfield contained one HAA and two LAA batteries. To avoid detection, the groups moved by night, being allotted special priority for routes. For the Battle"}, {"text": "of the Mareth Line in late March 1943 12 AA Bde covered nine forward LGs for five RAF wings, all within of enemy positions. The AA batteries were sited to engage potential attacks by tanks as well as aircraft, and to be tightly integrated with the ground defence units. If the airfield was considered especially vulnerable to enemy ground attack, an inner 'Keep' was formed between the runways with HAA guns in two-gun positions interlaced with Bofors guns. Air raid engagements could be complicated by the presence of friendly aircraft using the airfield. After Mareth the units of 12 AA Bde also began to take on responsibility for ports on the Tunisian coast. The RA regimental historian records that '[i]t became a point of honour for AA batteries to be among the first in; at Gab\u00e8s, for instance, RHQ 88th HAA Regiment, with one HAA and three LAA batteries, entered the town two hours after its capture'. The advance ended with 12 AA Bde at Enfidaville when the Axis surrendered on 13 May 1943, after seven months and of continuous movement. The AA gunners began a programme of rest and refitting, while contributing to the AA defence of the ports"}, {"text": "from which the Allied invasion of Sicily (Operation Husky) was launched. 12 AA Brigade was not involved in 'Husky', but under the command of the leading archaeologist and TA gunner officer, Brig Mortimer Wheeler, who took over from Calvert-Jones on 30 April, it was given a leading role in Operation Buttress (later renamed Operation Avalanche), the Allied landings at Salerno on mainland Italy in September. Italy. Order of Battle September 1943. On 25 July 1943 12 AA Bde came under the command of X Corps and began to concentrate around Tripoli. By the time 'Avalanche' was launched on 9 September the brigade had the following organisation: In addition, the following units were under command for the initial stages of the operation: Operation Avalanche. The brigade (except 52nd LAA Rgt, due to arrive from the Nile Delta) underwent intensive training in combined operations. X Corps had the task of capturing the Port of Salerno and Montecorvino Airfield, then turning north to capture Naples; 12 AA Bde was to begin landing in the first wave to provide AA cover for the beaches and objectives. For this the brigade organised a number of beach groups: Mindful of problems reported after the Sicily landings,"}, {"text": "Wheeler ordered his HAA units to take all their GL radar sets with them and to pay particular attention to waterproofing the guns and radar sets. All the equipment was transported on Landing Craft Tank (LCTs) while some of the personnel travelled on Landing Craft Infantry (LCIs). The brigade's convoy sailed from Tripoli on 3 September. The 'Avalanche' convoys were located by the \"Luftwaffe\" and attacked from the air during their approach to the beaches. When they began landing on 9 September there was no surprise, and with good observation the German shore defences opened heavy fire on the landing craft, causing casualties and delays in unloading. An LST carrying one of the brigade's batteries was among those hit. All the AA beach groups landed successfully, however, with the first LAA guns reported in action within 20 minutes, and the first HAA battery 2 hours later. The landings had not been easy. No 35 Beach Group, for example, was landed on 'Sugar Beach', long, but with only two stretches suitable for disembarkation from LSTs. The infantry landed at 03.30, the first AA reconnaissance parties at 05.30, but at dawn it was obvious that one of the two landing stretches was"}, {"text": "still being contested. Nonetheless, the first AA LST came in at 07.00, the first Bofors came ashore and went straight into action on the beach under shellfire; the first 3.7s came in around midday. USAAF Lightning long-range fighters kept off the early air attacks, but small numbers of Focke-Wulf Fw 190 fighter-bombers made low-level attacks at noon and in the afternoon, one of which was destroyed by 328/99 LAA Bty. A night bombing raid at 22.30 was engaged with barrage fire by 305/100 HAA Bty. By 23.00, 35 Beach Group had 17 Bofors guns ashore, three of them deployed in anti-tank positions, and six 3.7s without radar. That night the rest of the 3.7s arrived and the area behind the beach was cleared for . 57th HAA Regiment was to land after the beach groups to secure the immediate objectives along with the infantry divisions' LAA: The first major hitch occurred when Montecorvino Airfield was not captured in the first rush, and continued to be fought over for the next four days. Among the follow-up units on D+1, 14th LAA Rgt's task had been to take over defence of the airfield, but it was not able to deploy its guns"}, {"text": "there until 13 September (D+4). For 10 days the beachhead battle raged within of the shore and it was impossible to implement the second stage of the planned AA deployment. Enemy fighter-bombers attacked in small numbers day and night, and those batteries already in position were heavily engaged in warding off multiple attacks delivered with little warning. The AAOR received inadequate reports from RAF and Royal Navy radar, and had to rely on the batteries' own GL radar plots. 12 AA Brigade's HQ radar instructor controlled AA concentrations covering the inland approaches, and a ring of concentrations over the bay was prepared against torpedo-dropping aircraft. Smokescreens laid by 12 AA Bde's pioneers eased the situation. In the meantime two batteries of 57th HAA and one of 87th HAA Rgt joined in the fighting to supplement the field and medium artillery with ground fire directed by the infantry divisions' Observation Post (OP) parties. 57th HAA Regiment fired 6000 rounds on enemy positions, road junctions, buildings and troops. The AA gunners proved expert at placing their rounds to burst at tree-top height. When a German armoured counter-thrust broke through the right flank of X Corps during the night of 15/16 September, 12"}, {"text": "AA Bde was urgently called upon to help out. Wheeler went down to the beach where 9th HAA and 52nd LAA Rgts were landing, and formed a 400-strong infantry force ('Gunnerforce') from them, equipped with rifles and a large number of automatic weapons, under the command of Lt-Col Patrick Dayrell-Browning of 52nd LAA Rgt. This group moved up near Montecorvino and deployed along the road and railway. At 03.00 the 25 HAA Bty group under Maj Sir Basil McFarland opened fire on enemy patrols infiltrating along the railway. The situation having been restored, Gunnerforce was relieved the following morning but remained on hand for the next four days as a mobile reserve, attached first to the motorised 1/6th Battalion Queen's Regiment and then to 5th Royal Tank Regiment. 12 AA Brigade's Tactical HQ moved next to X Corps' HQ at Pontecagnano, but on 16 September it was mortared out of this position. On 17 September the brigade sent 195/52 LAA Bty to protect landing beaches at Maiori where 23rd Armoured Brigade was making a 'left hook' round the Sorrento Peninsula, and next another was placed to protect the medium guns of 2nd Army Group Royal Artillery (AGRA). The battle for"}, {"text": "the Salerno beachhead went on for 10 days before the Germans began to withdraw slowly to a position north of the Volturno river. According to the RA regimental history, 'the regiments of 12th AA Brigade were, by now, raring to go on the long-planned move to Naples. Brigadier Wheeler, indeed, prepared a scheme to break out with a column of AA troops along the coast to Pompeii', but the bold plan was vetoed by X Corps. On 26 September 12 AA Bde was relieved at Salerno by 45th US AA Brigade and left for Naples. Part of the brigade drove through the traffic-clogged Maiori Pass, suffering casualties from mortar fire, while the remainder re-embarked on LSTs for the short voyage to Castellammare di Stabia. Defence of Naples. The brigade's units began to arrive in Naples on 1 October and by 5 October they were deployed around the Bay of Naples in the area Naples\u2013Castellammare\u2013Torre Annunziata, with brigade HQ in the Royal Palace in Naples. As well as the vital port, the vulnerable area included the airfields at Pomigliano and Capodichino, for which the resources available were inadequate: \"Naples\" \"Capodichino and Pomigliano\" The brigade experienced difficulties in finding suitable gun and"}, {"text": "GL radar sites, some of which had to be bulldozed, and in establishing communications. The airfields were not cleared of the enemy until 6 October. For the first few days early warning depended on the batteries' own GL radar sets; later the HQ ship HMS \"Hilary\" arrived in the bay and was able to pass naval radar information to the AAOR. When \"Hilary\" left, the brigade put its own personnel into the local RAF fighter wing's operations room. While at Naples the brigade only experienced one serious raid, of 20+ aircraft. They were kept to the north and west of the harbour by the AA barrage and scored no damage to vital targets but a direct hit on an HAA gun, with 16 killed and 8 wounded; four enemy aircraft were shot down by guns and fighters and a further one by 87th HAA Rgt further north on the River Volturno. The defence of Naples was only intended to be a temporary task for the brigade and lasted three weeks, when 2 AA Bde arrived to relieve it. 12 AA Brigade then moved forwards to rejoin X Corps along the Volturno. Volturno to Garigliano. 87th HAA Regiment had already moved"}, {"text": "up to the river on 10 October, with 278 and 279 Btys occupying camouflaged gun pits to conduct counter-battery (CB) fire, joined by 280 Bty on 12 October, the day X Corps began crossing. During the assault crossing, LAA guns were used to sweep the crossing points. Half the smoke company's pioneers were withdrawn to help the RE with bridging, but two US smoke companies were later added. Next, 87th HAA Rgt's batteries moved up to provide AA protection to the engineers' bridges, with 252/80 HAA Bty arriving on 17 October to cross the bridge at Capua and take up AA positions on the far side. The \"Luftwaffe\" was very active in trying to prevent X Corps' crossing, particularly using Bf 109s and Fw 190s as fighter-bombers, and 252/80 HAA Bty, with its 3-inch guns, was sent to 56th (L) Division's area to deal with Bf 109's flying reconnaissance missions above the range of the division's Bofors guns. On 23 October another air raid on Naples developed, with some bombers taking evasive action over Capua, where three were destroyed by 12 AA Bde's guns. After the rest of the brigade completed its move on 1 November, as well as providing"}, {"text": "AA cover for routes, bridges, LGs, field gun positions and the Aversa railway yards, it also took on ground firing tasks, 214/57 HAA Bty with 2nd AGRA and 215/57 HAA Bty with 7th Armoured Division laying down harassing fire on the coast road. Between the landing at Salerno and 1 November, the brigade destroyed 17 enemy aircraft and claimed another 6 'probables', at a cost of 32 killed, 90 wounded, and three missing. When Wheeler left on 6 November for an important archaeological posting in India, Lt-Col Gerald Eastwood was promoted from 14th LAA Rgt to command 12 AA Bde. Once across the Volturno, operations slowed down as the Allies faced the German Winter Line. 12 AA Brigade then had a comparatively stable period of deployment until the end of the year, based on Capua, Cancello and Grazzanise, its batteries frequently engaging corps' targets in the forward area with ground fire. In January 1944 the brigade moved forward to cover the assembly areas and ferry sites for the , while 87th HAA Rgt left, crossing Italy to reinforce 62 AA Bde defending the ports of Bari and Brindisi. On 16 March 12 AA Bde moved up to Venafro, taking over"}, {"text": "two additional HAA regiments and coming under the command of Eighth Army once more. Its units were still defending the Garigliano bridges against \"Luftwaffe\" fighter-bomber attacks, now with GL sets deployed well forward to supplement the new Local Warning (LW) radar sets in providing the only AA early warning coverage across the front. 57th HAA Regiment, operating in a dual AA/field role, reported a particularly busy time involving 16 AA engagements, in which there were two Category 1 'kills' for the expenditure of 222 rounds, intermixed with firing 10,880 rounds against counter-bombardment and opportunity targets on the ground. Continuous rapid fire led to overheating and twice the usual amount of barrel wear for the guns. Cassino to Rome. During March and April 1944 12 AA Bde was regrouped for the final assault on Monte Cassino: \"Left\" (Cassino area): XIII Corps \"Centre\": II Polish Corps \" Right\" (Isernia area): X Corps \"Dumps and routes\" \"Airfields and routes\" Gun positions along the Garigliano front were under direct enemy observation and had to be screened by smoke. Communications in the mountainous area were difficult, and on X Corps' front the HAA batteries were strung out in a line with gun positions about apart."}, {"text": "At one point the gunners of an LAA battery carried supplies up to these gun positions at night and under mortar fire. The guns were also in need of maintenance and spares were short: REME artificers cut the pintles out of the wrecked Naples-Rome express train to replace worn gun pintles, while other spares were fabricated by Royal Navy workshops at Naples. The renewed attack on Cassino began on the night of 11/12 May, with HAA guns supplementing the artillery barrage (one regiment fired 23,000 rounds in a week), particularly for counter-mortar shoots. The brigade's LAA regiments were committed to bridges, defiles, assembly areas and artillery positions, and enemy aircraft were active in low-level strafing and bombing. There were severe problems in getting the AA guns forward along the heavily congested routes. X Corps in the mountains had little use for HAA guns, requiring LAA to defend vital bridges. XIII Corps, on the other hand, after crossing the Rapido river, advanced along Highway 6 up the Liri Valley (Operation Diadem) on a narrow front, with continual demands for HAA guns in the medium artillery role. 12 AA Bde found itself stretched along of roads protecting the long 'tail', though the"}, {"text": "\"Luftwaffe\" made only a few nuisance raids. After the breakout from the Anzio beachhead and the capture of Rome in early June, the Germans pulled back to the Gothic Line. Order of Battle July 1944. After the capture of Rome, 12 AA Bde provided one HAA battery to each divisional artillery in X Corps, the remainder guarding airfields and river crossings in the Tiber Valley, with the following organisation. In August, 12 AA Bde and its units were transferred to Eighth Army on the Adriatic front. Over the next six months the army advanced only , finally reaching the main Gothic Line positions. During this period the brigade mainly supported II Polish Corps. AA units were hampered by lack of early warning radar, while enemy aircraft were initially very active. However, \"Luftwaffe\" activity declined towards the end of the year, and the Allied forces in Italy were suffering an acute manpower shortage, so surplus AA gunners were transferred to other roles (97th HAA and 99th LAA Rgts became infantry) and several units disbanded. In January 1945 12 Bde HQ moved up to Forl\u00ec. Its remaining units were spread thinly to defend a large number of roads, ports and railheads for"}, {"text": "Eighth Army and landing grounds for the DAF. \"Luftwaffe\" intrusions were rare, but from April were increasingly made by jet aircraft which were difficult AA targets (the necessary advanced radar, predictors, fuse setters \"etc\" all being sent to AA units in North West Europe to deal with V-1 flying bombs). Order of Battle January 1945. The brigade's organisation during the final months of the war was as follows: In addition, 12 AA Bde also had II Polish Corps' HAA and LAA, three Italian LAA batteries and an RAF Regiment LAA battery. Spring Offensive. Eighth Army began its Spring offensive Operation Grapeshot on 6 April with carpet bombing by aircraft guided by a line of HAA bursts at fired by 12 AA Bde's guns. Attacks by the \"Luftwaffe\" were now rare, and the AA guns were primarily used for ground firing. Because of a general shortage of ammunition, the 40 mm Bofors guns were tried in ground roles, proving useful in hitting pinpoint targets such as enemy OPs, sniper or mortar positions, and buildings. On 22 April the brigade was given the responsibility for protecting the pontoon bridge built across the River Po. The defence force comprised one HAA and one"}, {"text": "LAA battery for AA protection, one LAA battery to destroy concrete barges floated down by the Germans to damage the bridge, 12 0.5-inch Brownings manned by HAA gunners, and an S/L troop. Attached to it were an anti-tank battery and a platoon of Vickers guns, while Bren guns and PIATs were deployed to increase firepower. One LAA battery was formed into 'Mystery Force', manning Brownings on landing craft to simulate a night armoured landing operation on the German flank, but this was called off. Another LAA battery after a single week's training manned Oerlikon 20 mm cannons mounted on LVT amphibious vehicles known as 'Fantails' in support of 9th Armoured Brigade's operations around the Comacchio lagoon in Operation Roast. As Eighth Army advanced rapidly through northern Italy, 12 AA Brigade moved up to Ferrara where it was ordered to stand down on 1 May; hostilities on the Italian front ended with the Surrender of Caserta the following day. Immediately, the brigade formed a transport column to bring up supplies for the army and collect Prisoners of War (PoWs). From 11 May this was based at Padua, where brigade HQ was also given responsibility for an assortment of other RA units"}, {"text": "in the area. The AA units settled down to traffic control and guarding installations and PoWs while awaiting demobilisation. 12 AA Brigade began disbanding at Spilimbergo on 15 November 1945 and the process was complete by 20 November. Postwar. 12 AA Brigade was reformed on 1 January 1947 at South Queensferry to command the Regular units in AA Command's 3 AA Group covering the Clyde and Forth areas of Scotland. (These units had been under 36th (Scottish) AA Bde, which reformed in the TA as 62 AA Bde.) It had the following organisation: The 1947 plan was never fully implements. In 1948, 46 LAA Rgt was reformed in the south of England as an HAA regiment and 82 HAA Rgt was disbanded. After AA Command was disbanded on 10 March 1955, 12 AA Bde was placed in suspended animation on 31 October, leaving 69 HAA Rgt to be converted into a medium artillery regiment. 12 AA Brigade was formally disbanded on 31 December 1957."}, {"text": "Barannikovo () is a rural locality (a selo) in Osichkovskoye Rural Settlement, Rudnyansky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 175 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. Geography. Barannikovo is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 14 km north of Rudnya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Podkuykovo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Berezovka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Lopukhovskoye Rural Settlement, Rudnyansky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 45 as of 2010. Geography. Berezovka is located in steppe, on the right bank of the Medveditsa River, 26 km southwest of Rudnya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ushinka is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Bolshoye Sudachye () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bolshesudachenskoye Rural Settlement, Rudnyansky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,080 as of 2010. There are 10 streets. Geography. Bolshoye Sudachye is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 41 km northwest of Rudnya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Matyshevo is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Borodayevka () is a rural locality (a selo) in Lemeshkinskoye Rural Settlement, Rudnyansky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 253 as of 2010. There are 3 streets. Geography. Borodayevka is located in steppe, on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 24 km north of Rudnya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lemeshkino is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gromki () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Gromkovskoye Rural Settlement, Rudnyansky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 470 as of 2010. There are 11 streets. Geography. Gromki is located in forest steppe, southwest of Rudnya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Stary Kondal is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Acacia echinuliflora is a tree belonging to the genus \"Acacia\" and the subgenus \"Juliflorae\" that is native to northern Australia. Description. The tree typically grows to a maximum height of . It has dark brown to black coloured bark that is fibrous and shaggy. It has resinous, terete, reddish brown coloured branchlets. Like most species of \"Acacia\" it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. The evergreen, thinly coriaceous and glabrous phyllodes have a narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate shape and are straight or slightly curved. The flat, shiny phyllodes have a length of and a width of wide with a prominent midrib and two secondary nerves. It blooms between June and August producing golden flowers. The cylindrical flower-spikes occur singly or in pairs in the axils and have a length of with bright yellow to golden flowers. Following flowering straw-coloured and resinous seed pods form that have a linear to oblong shape and are straight to undulate and raised over seeds alternately on each side with a length of . The brown or black seeds inside are arranged transversely and have an obloid or ellipsoidal shape. Distribution. It is endemic to the Northern Territory where it is commonly found along the"}, {"text": "escarpments in the western portion of Arnhem Land in the north and down to Nitmiluk National Park in the south where it grows in sandy soils that are part of creeks and streams that are responsible for draining the escarpment."}, {"text": "Yegorovka-na-Medveditse () is a rural locality (a selo) in Rudnyanskoye Urban Settlement, Rudnyansky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 47 as of 2010. There are 2 streets. Geography. Yegorovka-na-Medveditse is located in steppe, on the Medveditsa River, 57 km northeast of Rudnya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Melzavod is the nearest rural locality."}, {"text": "Gennadij Timoscenko (; ; born 27 April 1949), is a Russian and Slovak chess Grandmaster (GM) (1980). Biography. At the turn of the 1970s and 1980s, Gennadij Timoscenko was one of the leading Soviet chess players. He appeared twice in the finals of the USSR Chess Championship. Gennadij Timoscenko also won two silver medals in the Russian Chess Championships in 1972 and 1976. In 1979, in Tashkent he won the Soviet Army Chess Championship. From 1982 to 1986 Gennadij Timoscenko was one of Garry Kasparov's coaches. In 1993 he settled in Slovakia, and from the following year Gennadij Timoscenko represented this country in the international chess tournaments. Gennadij Timoscenko has achieved many successes in international chess tournaments, winning or sharing first place among others in Rimavsk\u00e1 Sobota (1974), Polanica-Zdr\u00f3j (1976, Rubinstein Memorial), Varna (1977), S\u0142upsk (1979), Helsinki (1986, together with J\u00f3n Loftur \u00c1rnason), London (1992, together with Jon Speelman), \u0160a\u013ea (1994), Star\u00fd Smokovec (1996), Bolzano (1998), Seefeld (1998, 1999), Padua (1998, 2000 from Erald Dervishi), Cutro (2000), Graz (2003) and in Opatija (2003). In 2010 and 2011 he won bronze medals twice in a row in the European Senior Chess Championship in the S60 age group (players over 60 years"}, {"text": "old). In 2011, in Opatija he also won the bronze medal in the World Senior Chess Championship in the same age category. Gennadij Timoscenko played for Slovakia in the Chess Olympiads: Gennadij Timoscenko played for Slovakia in the European Team Chess Championship: In 1976, he was awarded the FIDE International Master (IM) title and received the FIDE Grandmaster (GM) title in 1980."}, {"text": "NWA Into the Fire (also stylized Into the \ud83d\udd25\ud83d\udd25\ud83d\udd25) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) that took place on December 14, 2019 in Atlanta, Georgia. This was the first pay-per-view event produced exclusively by NWA since becoming a singular wrestling promotion. The event takes its name from the 1984 heavy metal single, \"Into the Fire\" by the American band, Dokken, which was used as the theme song to \"NWA Power\", the promotion's weekly series that debuted on October 8, 2019. In the main event Nick Aldis successfully defended the NWA Worlds Heavyweight Championship against James Storm in a two-out-of-three falls match. On the undercard Aron Stevens defeated Colt Cabana and Ricky Starks to win the NWA National Championship. The NWA World Tag Team Champions, The Rock 'n' Roll Express (Ricky Morton and Robert Gibson), retained the championship against former champions The Wild Cards (Thomas Latimer and Royce Isaacs). The show featured four additional matches. During the event, NWA announced they were reintroducing the NWA World Television Championship at their January PPV, Hard Times. Marty Scurll from Ring of Honor also made a surprise appearance. Production. Background. During the October 15, 2019, episode"}, {"text": "of NWA's weekly show, \"NWA Power\", it was announced that they would be holding a pay-per-view called \"Into the Fire\" on December 14. This would be the first pay-per-view event produced exclusively by NWA since becoming a singular wrestling promotion. Storylines. Into the Fire featured seven professional wrestling matches, with different wrestlers involved in pre-existing scripted feuds, plots and storylines. Wrestlers portrayed either heels or faces as they engaged in a series of tension-building events, which culminated in a wrestling match. of NWA's weekly flagship program, \"Powerrr\", featured storylines leading up to the pay-per-view. Reception. Josiah MacDonald, while reviewing the show for Wrestling Observer Newsletter, called it \" an excellent PPV from the NWA\". In Jason Powell's review for pro wrestling dot net, stated that it \"was a really fun show. They found the right balance between in-ring action and promos that works for them, and they saved the two best matches and the big surprise for the end of the night to close things on a high note.\" He described the NWA National Championship match as \"The best match of the night thus far. Cabana and Starks worked well together, and Stevens continues to be laugh out loud funny\""}, {"text": "and for the main event commented that \"the main event was good.\" but also stated, \"I wasn\u2019t a fan of the third fall finish.\" The Cage Side Seats review referred to the show as \"a mighty fine show\" but then remarked \"One critique is that there were too many tricky finishes with shenanigans. It also didn\u2019t feel like any feuds were settled\". The review mentioned Eli Drake vs. Ken Anderson as the match of the night with Cabana/Steves/Starks as the runner up. The overall rating from 411mania reviewer gave the show a 7 out of 10, with the last two matches of the show rated at 3.5 stars out of 5. As part of his review he stated that it was \"a strong PPV from the company, staying true to the formula laid out with Power\"."}, {"text": "Ballarpur Fort (earlier called Ballarshah Fort) is an ancient fort in Chandrapur district, Maharashtra, India. It is located in the Ballarpur city, on the east banks of the Wardha River. History. Ballarpur fort was founded by the Gond King Khandkya Ballal Sah (1437-62), who succeeded to the throne of Ser Sah, his father. He was also the founder of the Chandrapur city. The King discovered a pond with miraculous waters which healed his boils and tumors. It was named as Akaleshwar tirth. The town grew up around the fort as Ballarpur or the city of Ballal. For many years Ballarpur was the seat of kingdom, the Chandrapur city was established later. The last Gond king Nilkantha Sah died in the imprisonment at Ballarpur. Features. The fort was built of large black stones and was a formidable defense in its time. This fort is rectangular in shape with main entrance facing east side. On the eastern bank of the Wardha, the land fort built here is a class with walls and towers. There are two intact doors set on each other's right angle. There is also a small entrance on the edge of the river. The walls of the fort are"}, {"text": "still intact, but all the old buildings are in total ruins. Many parts of this pillar are still safe inside the earth. There are undiscovered tunnels in the fort walls."}, {"text": "Kyron Thomas Stabana (born 27 August 1998) is an English former professional footballer and now manager of English club Highfield Rangers based in Leicester. They are currently members of the . Playing career. Derby County. Stabana joined Derby County aged 7 as a striker. He was converted to a left and right winger aged 11 before eventually moving to right back at 14 years old. This turned out to be a good change for Stabana earning himself a scholarship at the club at 15 years old. Stabana represented England U17s five times during his scholarship at the club, getting one assist. He signed his first professional contract with the club aged 17. He then had loan spells at Boston United and Tamworth. He was released by Derby County at the age of 19 following his second year as a professional footballer at the club. AFC Wimbledon. Following his departure from Derby County, Stabana was announced as an AFC Wimbledon player on 30 August 2018 by under-23 development squad manager Alan Reeves, following a successful two-week trial. Stabana had a two-month loan spell at Tamworth at the end of the 2018/19 season, featuring seven times. Stabana made his debut for AFC"}, {"text": "Wimbledon, on 3 September 2019, in a Football League Trophy fixture at home to Brighton & Hove Albion U21, which the away team won 2\u20130, Stabana played the full match. Stabana played again in the Football League Trophy on 8 October 2019, in a home fixture against Leyton Orient, the home side won 3\u20130, and Kyron came on as a 60th minute substitute for Scott Wagstaff. Cork City (loan). Manager Neale Fenn signed Stabana for Cork City on 27 January 2020, on an initial loan deal until June 2020. He made his debut for the club on the opening day of the season, in a 0\u20131 loss against Shelbourne playing the full 90 minutes on 14 February 2020. Stabana made 4 appearances for Cork City, before the season was halted in mid-March due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland. Stabana returned to AFC Wimbledon, and the club confirmed on 10 June 2020, that the player would be released on the expiry of his contract. Tamworth. On 19 September 2020, Stabana was announced as signing for Southern League Premier Division Central side Tamworth following a successful trial period. He made his debut the same day as Tamworth drew"}, {"text": "1\u20131 away at Peterborough Sports on the opening day of the season. Barwell. Stabana made the move to Southern League Premier Central rivals Barwell. He made his debut for Barwell on 14 August 2021, in an away fixture against Lowestoft Town, and helped his new side to a 3-0 victory. Melton Town. Stabana joined Melton in December 2022. He made 16 appearances from then until the end of the season. Managerial career. Stabana first joined Leicester City in August 2019 as an academy coach within the women's and girls department. He spent three seasons there before joining Highfield Rangers as first team manager in June 2023."}, {"text": "Naoki Mori may refer to:"}, {"text": "The Choragic Monument of Thrasyllos is a memorial building erected in 320\u2013319 BCE on the artificial scarp of the south face of the Acropolis of Athens to commemorate the choregos,Thrasyllos. It is built in the form of a small temple and fills the opening of a large, natural cave. It was modified in 271\u2013270 BCE by Thrasykles the son of Thrasyllos, agonothetes in the Great Dionysia Games. Pausanias refers to the monument indirectly, providing us with the information that in the cave there existed a representation of Apollo and Artemis slaughtering the children of Niobe. Echoing the west part of the south wing of the Propylaea, the facade of the monument is formed by two monumental doorways with antae and a central pillar, door frames, architrave with continuous guttae, frieze and cornice. The frieze was decorated with ten olive wreaths, five on each side of a central wreath, while the cornice supported bases for the choragic tripods. It was built in a variety of marbles from local quarries. On the epistyle there was the inscription: Two subsequent inscriptions were added in the years 270\u2013271 BCE, which read: The structure would have been surmounted with three bronze tripods, prizes in the"}, {"text": "choregia. Stuart and Revett record a statue of Dionysos in place of the original tripods; this was likely a later addition at the time of the repair of the Theatre of Dionysos by Phaidros in the fourth century CE. Sometime in the Christian period a church was installed in the cave dedicated to Panaghia Spiliotissa (Our Lady of the Cave). This church was in use up to the late 20th century. Lord Elgin removed the Hellenistic statue of Dionysos in 1802 as a part of the Elgin Marbles; thus the sculpture was spared when the monument was destroyed by an Ottoman bombardment during the siege of Athens in 1827. Although the monument was scheduled to be restored in the nineteenth century by the Athens Archaeological Society, some of the marble was recarved and reused on the Byzantine church of Soteira Lykodimou. Recent restoration work began in 2002 and draws largely on the measured drawing by Stuart and Revett undertaken in the eighteenth century. It was through the work of Stuart and Revett and J. D. Le Roy's \"Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grece\" (1758) that the Thrasyllos Monument would influence later architecture. Both Karl Friedrich Schinkel and Alexander"}, {"text": "Thomson adopted the post-and-lintel construction of the monument in their work."}, {"text": "The Embassy of France in Bucharest is the diplomatic mission of the French Republic in Romania. Located at 13-15 Biserica Amzei Street, the building dates to 1889\u20131890. It is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs."}, {"text": "The 1930 season of Auckland Rugby League was its 22nd. It was generally regarded that the season was very disappointing in terms of the quality of the football played and much of the blame was put down to the fact that too many teams were in the Senior A Grade and there was too much talent spread through the Senior B teams which in turn diluted the top division. There had been a noticeable drop in the attendances at matches at Carlaw Park which had seen 8 to 10 thousand regularly attending club matches. A review of the season was published in \"The New Zealand Herald\" on 22 October discussing the issue. The Senior A championship was won by Ponsonby United for the second consecutive year which was their fifth title overall. They were awarded the Monteith Shield. This was the last year that the Monteith Shield was played for as the man this trophy was named after suggested that the main championship trophy should be one named in honour of Mr. Edwin Vincent Fox who had died earlier that year. Ponsonby also won the Roope Rooster trophy for the sixth time after defeating Richmond Rovers by 15 points to"}, {"text": "7 in the final. Ponsonby were however beaten by Devonport United in the final of the Stormont Shield 17\u20135. This was the first time Devonport had won the Stormont Shield. A week later on 11 October Ponsonby played the champions of the South Auckland competition who were Ngaruawahia in the first match of its kind. Ponsonby won 32 to 29. The Senior B championship was won by Otahuhu who beat the 1929 champions Point Chevalier in the final by 3 points to 0. The Stallard Cup knockout competition for Senior B teams was won by Richmond who defeated Point Chevalier 21\u201311 in the final. Richmond were the first club to enter a B team (effectively a reserve grade team) in this grade, and for the Stallard Cup they were joined by a B team from Devonport. Season News. News. In a major scandal following the Stormont Shield match between Ponsonby United and Devonport, Frank Delgrosso, the Auckland and New Zealand representative who was captain of the Ponsonby team was suspended for three seasons. Delgrosso was charged with misconduct along with another Ponsonby player V. Goodwin. They were also barred from attending Carlaw Park in the future. He failed to make"}, {"text": "a teammate who had been ordered off to leave the field, threw mud at the referee, and abused him. Mt Albert was a new addition to the B Grade competition by entering a team there for the first time. This was their first senior grade team. They had won the Second Grade competition the previous year and were essentially \u2018promoting\u2019 the team. The Auckland Rugby League placed a tender for its \u201cAuckland Rugby League Programme and Gazette\u201d for the 1930 season. Prior to the season opening games the Auckland Star ran a piece on the prospects of each A Grade team and the players it had acquired. Criticism of the standard of 1st Grade. As the season progressed much talk was made about the standard of the Senior A Grade and its inability to field enough sides of quality. The decision was eventually made to reduce the number of A Grade sides to 6 and to do away with the Senior B competition altogether for the following season. Instead the league would encourage good quality players to move from those sides to clubs with A Grade teams. A special committee was formed to suggest a way forward. They decided to"}, {"text": "recommend that the six teams to make up the A Grade for the 1931 season should be Ponsonby, Marist, Devonport, Metropolitan (to include City and Newton), Western Suburbs or Richmond, and Eastern Suburbs (to include Ellerslie). There was much discussion of the matter by members of various clubs over which clubs should merge or who disagreed that their club should disappear. The matter was further discussed in a Management Committee meeting on 15 October but a decision was deferred for a week. On 29 October it was decided by the Auckland Rugby League to officially reduce the number of teams in the Senior A Grade to 6. The clubs would be known as Ponsonby United, Devonport, Marist Old Boys, Western Suburbs (Richmond Rovers and Kingsland), Metropolitan (City and Newton), and Eastern Suburbs (Ellerslie and the surrounding district). This was not to be the only time that Auckland Rugby League went down the path of making teams, who were often unwilling, into mergers. It happened again decades later before reverting to the norm, and then again in the 1990s before once again reverting to the norm with standalone clubs. Clubs who were particularly against the proposal were City Rovers, Newton Rangers,"}, {"text": "Kingsland Athletic, and Richmond. New venue. Papakura hosted its first ever rugby league match when Richmond 2nd Grade and Newmarket 2nd Grade played there at the end of the season. Richmond won 20\u201310. Obituaries. Edward Vincent Fox On 24 February Mr. Edward Vincent Fox died. He was a member of the Devonport team before World War I and played inside five-eighths for Auckland against England. In 1913 he enlisted in the war efforts and fought in the front lines. He was shot in the leg and when he returned to Auckland was unable to play again. He was appointed to the executive of Auckland Rugby League and was a selector for the Auckland and New Zealand teams. He was buried at O\u2019Neill's Point Cemetery on the North Shore, New Zealand. In 1931 his family donated a shield for the league and it was decided to have it played for in the first grade competition. It was named the Fox Memorial Shield and is still played for today. Monteith Shield (first grade championship). Monteith Shield fixtures. Round 1. Marist Old Boys victory over Kingsland Athletic was contested by Kingsland over an unregistered player (Robert Munro) playing in the match. He had"}, {"text": "come across from the Mt Albert 3rd grade team. The protest was upheld and Kingsland were awarded the match. Marist Old Boys appealed to the New Zealand League Council but the decision was upheld by that body also. Kingsland Athletic, who wore maroon jerseys with a blue and gold crest were forced to play in the George Court House jerseys which were amber and black (likened to Taranaki rugby) as their new jerseys had not yet arrived. Craddock Dufty (Ellerslie) was ordered from the field for allegedly disputing a referees decision on a possible forward pass which led to the tying City Rovers try near the end of the match. He was \"severely cautioned\" by the management committee during the week. Claude Dempsey made his debut for Newton after switching from the Marist rugby union club. He would go on to play 11 seasons for Newton and in 1936 became Kiwi #246 when he played at fullback for New Zealand against England. Round 3. Governor General Lord Bledisloe attended the Carlaw Park matches and was photographed with Ben Davidson of City rovers before the kickoff. The City v Ponsonby match kicked off late as Ponsonby had named veteran forward Dooley"}, {"text": "Moore in their side but as he had been sent off at the end of the previous season for using insulting language and failed to appear before the management committee he was ineligible to play. George Rhodes, the chairman of the ARL management committee \"smoothed things over\" by saying that he could have his case considered on the upcoming Wednesday night, but he was still unable to play. Frank Delgrosso left the field early in the match for Ponsonby with an injured knee. In the second half Stanley Goodwin (concussion), Pat Skelton (ankle) and Cyril Thompson (ankle) all left the field injured and were not able to be replaced owing to the non-replacement rule which applied to the second half of matches. Goodwin was treated in hospital for his concussion injury and it was serious enough for him to remain there for a full week. When he was discharged he was advised that he should not play again for some time. Leonard Riley (displaced cartilage) was also incapacitated meaning their back line was almost devoid of players. The City team were sporting and City forward Stan Clark allowed John Angelo to get back and field the ball when he could"}, {"text": "have easily collected it and scored. The match on the number two field started in wild fashion with Devonport kicking off and Allan Seagar caught the ball and sent it to Leslie O'Leary who scored within 16 seconds which must have been a league record though without official statistics. For Newton, New Zealand international Ed St George (number 220a) debuted at hooker. He was left off the New Zealand list of internationals as it was thought when the list was later compiled that the 1932 New Zealand hooker was Neville St George, who was in fact his older brother and had debuted for New Zealand at hooker in 1925. Tragically Ed St George later moved to Sydney, Australia and in 1949 murdered his estranged wife (Daphne Sylvester Crawford) and then committed suicide. Round 4. In the match between Marist and City, winger Bernard Sweeney was ordered off for Marist and Mita Watene (forward) was ordered off for City. Frank Delgrosso again left the field after injuring his knee while playing for Ponsonby who were missing Leonard Riley, Stanley Goodwin, and Pat Skelton already from the previous rounds injuries. Delgrosso was replaced at fullback by Dooley Moore who had been allowed"}, {"text": "to play following the drama of the previous round. Ponsonby wrote to the newspapers explaining that Moore had tried to attend a management committee meeting at the end of the previous season following his send off but was unable to be seen in time before the close of the season. Round 5. In the main match on Carlaw Park the Marist winger, Horatio Drew was reported to have lost half of his trousers in a sprint to the line but carried on nonetheless to score one of his Marist sides six tries in their 22\u20132 win over Ponsonby. Ponsonby was missing their captain Frank Delgrosso through injury and were captained by Dooley Moore. City won 23\u201310 over Devonport. City had William Shortland go off injured to be replaced by William McLaughlin who scored a try, while Devonport had Coughlan and Patrick McCarthy both leave injured. McCarthy was replaced by experienced forward Stanley Rule who scored a try. Round 6. Ted Brimble made his debut for Newton Rangers after switching from the Manukau rugby club and joining his brother Cyril who was in his second season for Newton. They were of African descent with their mother a Bantu woman who married"}, {"text": "an Englishman fighting in the Boer War. At the end of the season Cyril was granted a transfer to Canterbury where he would play rugby league for the Canterbury representative side and later for Wellington. In 1947 he was killed in a fall from a motor lorry aged 48. Cyril was \u201cfound unconscious at the corner of Oxford Terrace, Lower Hutt, at 6.30pm on Saturday. He was on his way home, riding alone on the tray of a truck when he apparently fell as the vehicle was rounding a corner. The driver was unaware of the mishap. He was married with one child\u201d. With the New Zealand team having been selected for the Australian tour many of the players either did not play or else played their final club game for some time. City was missing Puti Tipene Watene, Maurice Wetherill, and Stan Clark, while Mita Watene also didn't play.Allan Seagar was absent from the Devonport side, though Alf Scott made his first appearance for them for the season. In the match between Richmond and Ellerslie at Grey Lynn Park, J Potter, the Richmond forward got a bad cut over his eye and was forced off to be replaced by"}, {"text": "Blundell, while for Ellerslie Hobbs hurdled an opponent and landed on the back of his head with his scalp cut open. He was replaced by Calder. Round 7. The match between Ponsonby and Kingsland was played at the Mangere Domain. Devonport junior Dick Smith once again turned out for them having done so once the previous season. He was spoken of highly and scored a try and kicked a conversion. He didn't become a regular in the first grade side until 1931 and was so impressive he represented New Zealand in 1932. Round 8. After poor weather the grounds were in a heavy condition and a relatively poor crowd attended Carlaw Park. The Marist v Kingsland match finished with an unusual scoreline of 0-0. Although the score was perhaps somewhat misleading as Marist Old Boys played two men short for most of the game with George Batchelor and Norm Campbell going off injured in the first half. It was one of the only times a 0-0 scoreline had happened in the first grade since the first round of matches in 1910 when North Shore drew 0\u20130 with Newton. All of the Auckland based New Zealand players were on tour so"}, {"text": "some sides were depleted of their best players for the next few rounds. Ponsonby had a last minute win over Richmond who had taken a 9-5 lead before Doug McLeay scored for Ponsonby and Frank Delgrosso converted it to take the victory. A. Fagan of Richmond suffered a \"severe cut\" over his left eye but was able to go home from the ground. Alfred Saxon, the 27 year old fullback for Devonport had his jaw broken in a collision and was taken by ambulance to Auckland Hospital where he spent the night, while near the end of the first half Horace Dixon was carried from the field with an injured leg. Stanley Rule, the veteran Devonport forward was on the sidelines carrying a slight injury and was not stripped in playing uniform so he went on to the field in his ordinary clothing and approached the referee Vic Simpson. He was able to get changed in the interval and play the second half in Dixon's place. The two St George brothers (Neville and Ed) matched up at hooker for the first time in senior grade. Round 9. In Richmond's 11-10 win over Marist, Richmond back George Davis was stretchered off"}, {"text": "the field with a serious head injury but was able to go home from the ground. He was said to have been bleeding profusely and unconscious but recovered later. William (Bill) Seagar of Devonport cracked a collarbone and missed several matches. Ted Mincham (Richmond) scored two tries and kicked a match winning penalty. The win was somewhat remarkable as they were awarded a penalty on full time and with time up Mincham kicked with the ball striking an upright and then landing on the crossbar before rolling over. The Richmond supporters then rushed the field. John Preston for Kingsland broke his collarbone in a fall in their match against Devonport at the Devonport Domain. Round 10. For Marist, Phil Brady was sent off for punching an Ellerslie player early in the second half. Bert Laing after an absence of 3 years turned out for Devonport. Lionel Thomas a Richmond forward who debuted the previous week as an injury replacement had his ribs broken and received head injuries during their 14-13 win over Devonport. The 20 year old was taken to Auckland Hospital by ambulance but was not in a serious condition. Round 11. City and Marist played out the highest"}, {"text": "scoring draw in the competitions history to that point. Joe Hadley scored for City on full time and Henry Paton skimmed the bar with his conversion to tie the game \"amid great excitement\". Mollet who had recently begun playing for the Newton club was said to have been involved with the Manukau rugby club previously but it transpired that he had in fact been involved with the Manukau rugby league club before it transferred enmasse to rugby union during the 1924 after a dispute with the Auckland Rugby League. Round 12. The Round 12 matches due to be played on 9 August were all postponed after rain fell on the Saturday. This added to the rain which had fallen throughout the week leading up to the Saturday. Lindsay Simons returned to Auckland after moving to Wellington for work the previous year. He played at fullback for his old Devonport club. City protested on the grounds that he was not registered with them but the New Zealand Rugby League dismissed the protest saying that he was still registered with Devonport as there was no rugby league body in Wellington registered with New Zealand Rugby League. It was reported during the following"}, {"text": "week that Doug McLeay the Ponsonby forward had had to undergo an operation in hospital as the result of an internal injury received in football which must have occurred in round 10 (the last time he played). He had reportedly been in a critical condition for a time but his condition had improved. Round 13. Ponsonby convincingly won the championship beating Devonport 28-3 after feeding off Devonports mistakes throughout the game. After returning from Australia, Craddock Dufty kicked a penalty on fulltime to help his Ellerslie side beat Richmond by a point. City had to field two sixth grade players, McGregor and Zannovitch, while Kingsland fielded a fourth grade player in Tunnicliffe. They were said to have done well but \"were shrewd enough to keep out of all the trouble that was going at the end\". Play had to be stopped for several minutes in the City v Kingsland game as Kingland took the lead late on and City strived to win the match their supporters crowded on to the field at the Auckland Domain and the officials struggled to get them off. It was the last ever 1st grade championship match for the Kingsland Athletic club which had begun"}, {"text": "as Maritime in Maritime. In 1922 they were renamed as Athletic, before becoming Grafton Athletic in 1926, and then merged with Kingsland Rovers in 1929. In 1930 the Auckland Rugby League essentially forced them into a merger with Marist as they reduced the number of first grade teams to improve the standard. In the drawn game between Marist and Newton, Jock Graham forward for Marist had to leave the field with a badly broken thumb. Roope Rooster knockout competition. Round 1. Craddock Dufty, who had returned from the recent New Zealand tour to Australia refused to play in the fixture against the Auckland players citing an injured elbow. He did not produce a doctors certificate and as a result Auckland Rugby League suspended him and he was unable to play for Ellerslie in their first round match. Interestingly his place at fullback was taken by 30 year old Charles Hand. He had played for North Shore from 1921-25, before transferring to Newton and playing for them until the end of the 1926 season when he retired. He was said to have struggled as he had not taken the field for over four years. Jim O'Brien was sent off after a"}, {"text": "\"verbal altercation\" with referee Vic Simpson. This was to be his last official competition match of his career, though he did play in the McManus benefit match weeks later at Otahuhu. M Herewini the former Newton fullback turned out for Ponsonby and kicked a conversion in their 30-12 win over Ellerslie. Marist did not have the services of Hec Brisbane, still injured from the New Zealand tour, Jock Graham who was also injured, or Phil Brady who was still in hospital with injuries he received in the Auckland v New Zealand game. As a result they had to pull Alan Clarke out of the loose forwards and play him at centre where he struggled. They were defeated by Richmond 6-3 in a tight battle with W Ritchie and Ted Mincham scoring for the winners. Bill Seagar, who debuted for Devonport in July broke his arm minutes before fulltime. It was only his second game as he had broken his collarbone in his debut against Kingsland in the earlier match. Stormont Shield. Play in Match. City and Devonport were tied for second place in the Senior A competition and as Ponsonby won both the Senior A championship and the Roope Rooster"}, {"text": "it left City and Devonport to play off for the right to join them in the Stormont Shield match. Devonport defeated City by 1 point to earn the right to play Ponsonby. Twenty year old, Puti Tipene Watene had to leave the field for City with concussion and was taken to hospital but his condition was not serious. This forced a merry-go-round at fullback with several players tried there unsuccessfully. John Frederick Wilson, a rugby player from Grammar Old Boys debuted for Devonport and scored a try, while Hugh Simpson the former Northcote player also debuted for them in the forwards while George Munce debuted for City on the wing after transferring from the Parnell side. Stormont Shield final. In the final Ponsonby had Dooley Moore ordered off but he refused to leave. The referee then left the field until Moore was persuaded to leave and the game could progress. He was later suspended by the league. It eventually turned out that the Auckland and New Zealand representative Frank Delgrosso who was captain at the time had failed to persuade him to leave the field and had also verbally abused the referee and thrown mud at him. Delgrosso was suspended"}, {"text": "by the league for three years but on appeal and with an apology and expression of regret at a March 1931 meeting his suspension was reduced. The hearing which saw his suspension did not take place until after the Provincial Club Championship on October 4 which meant Frank Delgrosso could play and he kicked four conversions in their 32-29 win. Provincial club championship. The match was organised at the request of the Waikato body and was between the champions of the Auckland and South Auckland (Waikato) competitions. Ponsonby had a severely weakened backline with Leonard Riley, Ivan Wilson, Pat Skelton, and A Schofield all missing but their replacements did well. New Zealand representative George Tittleton of Ngaruawahia fractured his collarbone after being thrown heavily near the end of the match. He finished the game but was taken to Auckland Hospital straight after the match where he had scored 3 tries and kicked 2 goals. Edwin Abbott also a New Zealand representative scored a try for them as well. His uncle was Harold Abbott who played for the All Blacks in 1905, while his nephew was Kiwi 445 Bill Deacon. L Stevens, the Ponsonby hooker received a head injury which required"}, {"text": "stitches. Top try scorers and point scorers. Top try and point scorers for A Grade and Roope Rooster matches. Leslie O'Leary of Devonport United top scored with 72 points followed by Frank Delgrosso with 59, and Ted Mincham with 52. George Batchelor of Marist Old Boys was the top try scorer with 14, followed by Leonard Riley and George Perry with 12 each. The games played are unofficial with some teams not submitting lineups to the newspapers on Friday. Marist did not enter a lineup at all during the season and so the number of games played is likely a little higher in their players cases. Senior B grade competition. Senior B grade standings. A M\u0101ngere United and Mt Albert result is missing as it was not reported in any of the newspapers of the time. Senior B grade fixtures. Mt Albert entered a senior team for the first time in their club history which had begun in 1928. The Round 8 game between M\u0101ngere and Richmond B was not played because a charity match between Ponsonby and Kingsland was being played on its ground. Parnell were referred to as the \u201cmagpies\u201d on account of their black and white uniforms"}, {"text": "by the Auckland Star after their Round 9 match. The Round 9 match report in the Auckland Star incorrectly reported the score 15\u20136 in favour of Northcote, however they corrected it in their following week reports of the Senior B matches as being a 15\u20136 win to Mangere. The round 13 matches were cancelled due to steady rain falling on the Saturday adding to significant rain that had fallen during the week, aside from the game at M\u0101ngere. The Northcote v Otahuhu match was postponed as Northcote had played their traditional fixture v Huntly on Northcote's home ground at Stafford Park. Otahuhu beat Point Chevalier in the final by 3 points to 0 to win the Senior B championship. Stallard Cup knockout competition. Devonport entered a Senior B team in the Stallard Cup which had not played in the Senior B grade during the season. This team could loosely be considered the second ever \u2018reserve\u2019 grade team fielded following the Richmond clubs entry of Senior B teams in that grade for the 1929 and 1930 seasons. Other club matches and lower grades. Lower grade competitions. The Sixth grade had in previous years been split into A and B grades however"}, {"text": "in 1930 the Sixth Grade B competition was reclassified as the Seventh Grade. Second grade. Richmond won the championship. The team had been together for 6 seasons and won every single championship as they progressed through the grades. Ponsonby United won the knock out competition on September 13 when they beat Devonport by default. There were several games without results reported however the newspapers published the final standings so they are accurate. Third Open Grade standings. Ponsonby won the championship undefeated winning all 14 matches. They also won the knockout competition when they beat Marist in the final on September 13 by 10 points to 3. Third Intermediate Grade standings. Kingsland Athletic won the championship. Newmarket won the knockout competition when they defeated Akarana/Parnell 8\u20132 in the final on September 13. The Parnell/Akarana side had knocked out Kingsland in the semi-finals 8 points to 0, while Newmarket had defeated Takapuna in the other. A club had formed at Takapuna in June and they entered a team in the competition to play teams on their bye. They performed well winning all three of their matches. Fourth Grade standings. Richmond won the championship and the knockout competition. They were coached by James"}, {"text": "Francis who died at Auckland Hospital on November 24 aged just 33 leaving behind a wife (Violet) and two children. He had played for the Newton Rangers senior side in the 1920s. Fifth Grade standings. Marist won the championship with Otahuhu runner up. Marist also won the knockout competition when they beat Otahuhu in the final on September 20. Sixth Grade standings. Point Chevalier won the championship which was played over a 24-week period with 2 full rounds being played. Seventh Grade standings. Richmond A won the championship and the knockout competition when they beat Point Chevalier on September 20. Primary schools standings. Richmond won the championship by beating Akarana (Parnell) 11\u20138 in the final on September 20. They also won the knockout competition when they beat Otahuhu A 6 to 3 in the final on October 18. The competition had been split into two sections and then towards the end of the season a third was added as Ponsonby, Richmond B, and Otahuhu B entered sides, each only playing 5-6 games before the end of the season. However the standings are in one table as despite their being sections sides played teams from other sections each week. Some of"}, {"text": "the teams were from individual schools such as Avondale Public School, Avondale Convent School, and Onehunga Convent School, but the majority were from several schools in the area. The Ponsonby team represented 3 Ponsonby area schools for example. On October 18 Devonport and Northcote played each other in a friendly match with Devonport winning 10\u20138. At halftime a goal kicking competition took place with Devonport player Verdun Scott winning it with 16 points. He was presented with a cricket bat as the winning prize and ironically would go on to not only represent New Zealand at rugby league, but also at cricket, becoming the only dual New Zealand international in those two codes. On the same day Richmond beat Otahuhu 6\u20133 to win the Davis Cup Challenge match. Other club and junior representative matches. Richmond played a preseason match in Whangarei with a team made up of Whangarei city and Hikurangi players. The match was played on the new Cossill Park before a large crowd and the local team ran out comfortable winners. W McManus benefit match. At the end of the season Otahuhu hosted a benefit match for W. McManus who was a well-known ex-amateur runner and league player"}, {"text": "who had been ill for a long time in hospital. The match was played between Otahuhu Senior B team and the Marist A side. Marist were not at full strength but still fielded a good side. Otahuhu won 26\u201325. Hikurangi and City Combined v Richmond. At the start of the year Richmond sent their senior side to Whangarei to play a local side at the newly formed Cossill Park which later was named Jubilee Park and still exists today. The local team featured several very talent players including Ted Meyer who became a Kiwi later in the year and they were victorious 25-7 with Meyer scoring 14 of their points. Huntly v Ponsonby. When Ponsonby had a weekend without a game they travelled to Huntly to play the local side which featured Huatahi Paki who had played for New Zealand M\u0101ori on their 1922 tour of Australia and St. George Dragons in 1923 after impressing on the tour. Ponsonby outplayed them and Doug McLeay scored two tries as breakaway forward. Ivan Kosoof scored Huntly's only points. Wednesday Competition. In July several businesses approached the Auckland Rugby League regarding the possibility of playing a competition between them on Wednesday's. The Auckland"}, {"text": "Rugby League agreed in August and the first matches were played on August 27. Initially there were ten teams set to enter however eventually just seven entered the competition and the Royal Billiard Saloon side failed to fulfill a fixture leaving 6 sides to compete. Wednesday Competition fixtures. While there were many players with little or no experience some of the teams did feature senior grade players such as W. Skelton of Ponsonby who played for Private Taxis, and brothers F. and J. Herring who played for the Trotting Trainers. Alan Clarke also played in Private Taxi's first match, Stan Prentice played at least twice for the Trotting Trainers, and Ted Brimble played for New Zealand Fertilisers. Barmen won the competition winning 4 games and drawing one. Wednesday Competition 'final game'. Following the awarding of the Barmen side the championship a match was scheduled between them and players from all of the other sides. The Barmen team won 8 to 7. Representative season. Representative fixtures. It was a relatively quiet season for the Auckland representative side due to the fact that the New Zealand team toured Australia in the latter part of the year. They beat Northland, lost to South"}, {"text": "Auckland, and lost to the New Zealand touring team. Despite this they had 28 players represent Auckland with several on debut. Auckland v Northland (Northern Union CC). Auckland's first representative match of the season was against Northland who were in the throes of building the code in their area. Auckland only managed to win by the narrow margin of 21-16 before a crowd of 8,000 at Carlaw Park. Veteran five eighth, Maurice Wetherill scored for Auckland along with prop Stan Clark who had only recently transferred to the City side from Parnell. Norm Campbell (Marist), Allan Seagar (Devonport) both kicked goals for Auckland while Meyer converted two of Northland's four tries. Inter-Island match. For the North Island v South Island trial the Devonport and Ponsonby clubs gave permission for their jerseys to be worn by the respective sides. Mick O\u2019Brien of the South Island team broke his tibia late in the match. Auckland v New Zealand. James Jones came on as a replacement for an injured Puti Tipene Watene. Wilf Hassan came on as a replacement for Auckland."}, {"text": "Asliesk Castle is a ruined 16th-century castle about west of Elgin, Moray, Scotland, near Alves and Monoughty Woods at Asliesk. History. The property was owned by the Innes or Brodie families. Structure. Asliesk Castle was an L-plan castle, which had a corbelled-out stair tower, and bartizans. The foundations can be traced for some metres. The old well of the castle is in the farm-square nearby. A stone with a coat of arms bearing date 1587 is in a gable."}, {"text": "Pteroplistes is the type genus of the Pteroplistidae, a family of crickets: it was erected by Carl Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1873. Species have been recorded from India and western Malesia. Genera and Species. The \"Orthoptera Species File\" lists: Note: \u2020\"Pteroplistes danicus\" is now the unplaced \u2020\"Proeneopterotrypus danicus\""}, {"text": "J\u00e9r\u00e9my Aymes (born 12 July 1988) is a French professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for club AS Cannes. Career. Aymes previously played for football club Istres. In May 2021, Aymes signed with his hometown club Martigues in the Championnat National 2. In November 2024, six months after being promoted to Ligue 2 with Martigues, he joins AS Cannes in the Championnat National 2. Honours. Martigues"}, {"text": "The term Womb Tomb (also, \"womb-tomb\") is a form of Neolithic burial site. Europe's prehistory stretches for some 9500 years, from the earliest settlers after the last ice age to around AD 1000. Very little is known of the earliest human burials. The first grave structure of any type dates from circa 4000 BCE. Neolithic farmers had a strong tradition of building burial chambers covered by mounds. Unique burial sites suggest a reverence for birth and the female form. These are called Womb Tombs and are a subset of passage graves or passage tombs. Recent studies show that many of the Neolithic passage graves in Scotland and Ireland were built using the symbolism of the female human womb. \"Womb tomb\" is also a generic term for more recent burial sites that are frequented by Christian and Muslim pilgrims. The term has resonance in Christianity where in the creation story of mankind, God tells Adam:\" In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.\" (Book of Genesis -); also Book of Job- () . Jewish and other"}, {"text": "pre-Christian sources have similar references. Evidence. Popular culture. With the possible exception of Ireland, Scotland has the largest number of well-preserved chambered burial tombs in Europe. Archaeological and semiotic studies show that the internal and external architecture of tombs conform to a standard pattern: a chamber, a passage (or a passage shaped chamber), and an entrance representing a simplified view of the female reproductive organs. Reference has been made in literature to the idea that the Neolithic burial rites involved a return to the mother - the female. William Shakespeare makes an oblique reference to the idea. D. H. Lawrence, when discussing fertility, used this idea where he described his visits to first millennium BC Tombs north of Rome. \"The stone house --- suggests the Noah's Ark without the boat part: the Noah's Ark box we had as children, full of animals. And that is what it is, the Ark, the arc, the womb. The womb of all the world, that brought forth all creatures. The womb, the arc, where life retreats in the last refuge. The womb, the ark of the covenant, in which lies the mystery of eternal life, the manna and the mysteries. There it is standing"}, {"text": "displaced outside the doorway of Etruscan tombs at Cerveteri\" Further, when he visited the painted tombs of Tarquinia, he experienced some of the Etruscans' wonder at the mystery of the journey out of life and into death. He wrote:\"In the tombs we see it; (shows) throes of wonder and vivid feelings throbbing over death. Man moves naked and glowing through the universe. Then comes death: he dives into the sea; he departs into the underworld...the sea is that vast primordial creature that has a soul also, whose inwardness is womb of all things, out of which all things emerged, and into which they are devoured back\u2026\"The poet Dylan Thomas also makes such a reference in his \"18 Poems\". Anthropology. The name \"womb tomb\" has been given to tombs when considering the anthropology of much more recent burial sites. Stadler and Luz combine studies of the Christian tomb of St. Mary in Jerusalem and Muslim worship at Maqam Abu al-Hijja in Galilee. They concluded that the tombs' structure mimicked the human form. \"(See, below)\" Their focus leads them to conclude that the politicisation of fertility by Christians and Muslims is demonstrated in both communities when examining the sites\u2019 architecture and forms"}, {"text": "of veneration. Scottish archaeological evidence. In Britain, passage graves of the West and North differ from the non-Megalithic long or round barrows of the East. The passage graves, usually with round mounds, have an essentially Atlantic coast distribution from Iberia to Orkney. The long grave is found across the north European plain, frequently beneath long mounds, and often of non-Megalithic construction. In a study of tombs across Scotland, Audrey Henshall identified features, such as portals, facades and horns supporting this idea. She suggests that burial rituals had been carried out both inside and outside the tombs, and that their focus was in many cases concerned with fertility and continuity rites. Ken Baynes studied burials in Wales and England. About the chambered tomb at Belas Knap, Gloucestershire, he reported that the portal probably represented the vagina of the Earth Mother Goddess. Examining Scottish neolithic burial sites Cochran concluded: In Scotland, the term \"womb tomb\" almost always refers to chambered burial mounds. In this context it describes the general layout of the tomb, rather than describing a type of burial. It has also been used for specific pilgrimage sites for Christian as well as Muslim pilgrims. Womb Tombs and the Saints. In"}, {"text": "a 2014 research paper, Stadler & Nurit make use of the term \u201cwomb-tomb\u201d to describe the tomb of Mary and Maqam Abu al-Hija. Stadler and Nurit state: \"\u2026we define womb-tom shrines as enclosed, dimly lit, and, by and large, cavelike structures that house the tomb of a venerated figure. Moreover, they are characterized by small and uncommonly low entrances that force visitors to bend down and at times brush up against either or both sides of the door...\" Stadler and Nurit see both sites as reminiscent of human anatomy in this way. In addition, they explore the ways in which these physical characteristics lend symbolic significance to the tombs' simultaneous functions as places of intercessory prayer in personal matters and demonstrations of minority group indigeneity: \"...we contend that by dint of their ancient physical structure, womb-tomb venues constitute a place for seeking preternatural interventions for sickness, infertility, pain, and other hardships. At the same time, these sites are minority outlets for voicing indigenous claims to the land and reinforcing a sense of group and individual belonging\u2026 In other words, visits to these enclosed, dark venues express minority groups' inherence to the site, the region, and its soil.\" This work has"}, {"text": "similar roots across different faiths and resonates with that of Marija Gimbutas (above). In Mesoamerican cosmology, the planet was generally deemed to be a female (Milbrath 1988:159-60, 1997), so that caves were closely associated with the Mother Earth/fertility goddess complex."}, {"text": "Edward or Ed Kraus could refer to:"}, {"text": "The 22nd Stinkers Bad Movie Awards were released by the Hastings Bad Cinema Society in 2000 to honour the worst films the film industry had to offer in 1999. Founder Ray Wright listed \"\" among his five worst movies of the 1990s alongside \"Batman & Robin\", \"It's Pat\", \"Crash\", and \"Nothing but Trouble\". Listed as follows are the different categories with their respective winners and nominees, including Worst Picture and its dishonourable mentions, which are films that were considered for Worst Picture but ultimately failed to make the final ballot (42 total). All winners are highlighted. Films with multiple wins and nominations. The following films received multiple nominations: The following films received multiple wins: Mike Lancaster's Review of The Underground Comedy Movie. Founder Mike Lancaster cited \"The Underground Comedy Movie\" as the worst movie he ever paid to see. Despite this, it received only one nomination for Musicians Who Shouldn't Be Acting. His review is as follows:"}, {"text": "This is a list of buildings designed in part or full by Edmund Blacket. Blacket was an Australian architect, best known for his designs for the University of Sydney, St. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney and St Saviour's Cathedral, Goulburn. While Edmund Blacket's university buildings have been maintained and continue in use, few of Blacket's commercial buildings have survived, with none of his Sydney banks remaining. Residential buildings are better represented, and include cottages, terrace houses and mansions. Of Blacket's more than 100 designs for churches, 84 can be identified as having been built to his plans, with a number of others being detailed or substantially designed by his sons Arthur and Cyril. In addition, he supervised the building of several other churches and made major contributions to a dozen more, such as the towers and spires at St John's Anglican Church, Darlinghurst and Christ Church St Laurence, the chancel of St John's Church and the roof of St Jude's Church, Randwick. Of these churches, 80 are known to remain substantially intact. Of the churches and cathedral listed below, all are Anglican (formerly the Church of England in Australia), unless otherwise stated. Buildings. St Clements Anglican Church, Yass NSW"}]