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---
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- cross-encoder
- reranker
- generated_from_trainer
- dataset_size:24588
- loss:BinaryCrossEntropyLoss
base_model: Alibaba-NLP/gte-multilingual-reranker-base
pipeline_tag: text-ranking
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics:
- pearson
- spearman
model-index:
- name: CrossEncoder based on Alibaba-NLP/gte-multilingual-reranker-base
  results:
  - task:
      type: cross-encoder-correlation
      name: Cross Encoder Correlation
    dataset:
      name: validation
      type: validation
    metrics:
    - type: pearson
      value: 0.875500492479389
      name: Pearson
    - type: spearman
      value: 0.8709281334702662
      name: Spearman
---

# CrossEncoder based on Alibaba-NLP/gte-multilingual-reranker-base

This is a [Cross Encoder](https://www.sbert.net/docs/cross_encoder/usage/usage.html) model finetuned from [Alibaba-NLP/gte-multilingual-reranker-base](https://huggingface.co/Alibaba-NLP/gte-multilingual-reranker-base) using the [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) library. It computes scores for pairs of texts, which can be used for text reranking and semantic search.

## Model Details

### Model Description
- **Model Type:** Cross Encoder
- **Base model:** [Alibaba-NLP/gte-multilingual-reranker-base](https://huggingface.co/Alibaba-NLP/gte-multilingual-reranker-base) <!-- at revision 8215cf04918ba6f7b6a62bb44238ce2953d8831c -->
- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
- **Number of Output Labels:** 1 label
<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **Language:** Unknown -->
<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->

### Model Sources

- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
- **Documentation:** [Cross Encoder Documentation](https://www.sbert.net/docs/cross_encoder/usage/usage.html)
- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/huggingface/sentence-transformers)
- **Hugging Face:** [Cross Encoders on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers&other=cross-encoder)

## Usage

### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

```bash
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```

Then you can load this model and run inference.
```python
from sentence_transformers import CrossEncoder

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = CrossEncoder("cross_encoder_model_id")
# Get scores for pairs of texts
pairs = [
    ['What is the average rent price in Canada?', 'Title: "How many hours do Americans sleep at night (United States)"\nCollections: YouGov Trackers\nDatasets: YouGovTrackerValueV2\nChart Type: survey:timeseries\nSources: YouGov'],
    ['for the topic digital foortprint and identity use "\t " to give a description on if there was an provided teaching materials for this activity.', 'Title: "Different ways Americans define gender for someone who says they are transgender (United States)"\nCollections: YouGov Trackers\nDatasets: YouGovTrackerValueV2\nChart Type: survey:timeseries\nSources: YouGov'],
    ['Which U.S. cities or counties have the highest rates of aggravated assault involving a deadly weapon per 100,000 residents?', 'Title: "U.S. Bank Overview, CITY Overview"\nCollections: Companies\nDatasets: InstrumentClosePrice1Day\nChart Type: timeseries:eav_v3\nCanonical forms: "U.S. Bancorp"="closing_price", "Club De Futbol Intercity Sad"="closing_price"'],
    ['Black identity topics', 'Title: "Different ways Americans define gender for someone who says they are transgender (United States)"\nCollections: YouGov Trackers\nDatasets: YouGovTrackerValueV2\nChart Type: survey:timeseries\nSources: YouGov'],
    ['Which company in the Interactive Media and Services category has the highest market capitalization?', 'Title: "DigiPlus Interactive. Capital Expenditure (Quarterly)"\nCollections: Companies\nDatasets: StandardIncomeStatement\nChart Type: timeseries:eav_v3\nCanonical forms: "Capital Expenditure"="capital_expenditure"\nSources: S&P Global'],
]
scores = model.predict(pairs)
print(scores.shape)
# (5,)

# Or rank different texts based on similarity to a single text
ranks = model.rank(
    'What is the average rent price in Canada?',
    [
        'Title: "How many hours do Americans sleep at night (United States)"\nCollections: YouGov Trackers\nDatasets: YouGovTrackerValueV2\nChart Type: survey:timeseries\nSources: YouGov',
        'Title: "Different ways Americans define gender for someone who says they are transgender (United States)"\nCollections: YouGov Trackers\nDatasets: YouGovTrackerValueV2\nChart Type: survey:timeseries\nSources: YouGov',
        'Title: "U.S. Bank Overview, CITY Overview"\nCollections: Companies\nDatasets: InstrumentClosePrice1Day\nChart Type: timeseries:eav_v3\nCanonical forms: "U.S. Bancorp"="closing_price", "Club De Futbol Intercity Sad"="closing_price"',
        'Title: "Different ways Americans define gender for someone who says they are transgender (United States)"\nCollections: YouGov Trackers\nDatasets: YouGovTrackerValueV2\nChart Type: survey:timeseries\nSources: YouGov',
        'Title: "DigiPlus Interactive. Capital Expenditure (Quarterly)"\nCollections: Companies\nDatasets: StandardIncomeStatement\nChart Type: timeseries:eav_v3\nCanonical forms: "Capital Expenditure"="capital_expenditure"\nSources: S&P Global',
    ]
)
# [{'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, {'corpus_id': ..., 'score': ...}, ...]
```

<!--
### Direct Usage (Transformers)

<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>

</details>
-->

<!--
### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)

You can finetune this model on your own dataset.

<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

</details>
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### Out-of-Scope Use

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## Evaluation

### Metrics

#### Cross Encoder Correlation

* Dataset: `validation`
* Evaluated with [<code>CrossEncoderCorrelationEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/cross_encoder/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.cross_encoder.evaluation.CrossEncoderCorrelationEvaluator)

| Metric       | Value      |
|:-------------|:-----------|
| pearson      | 0.8755     |
| **spearman** | **0.8709** |

<!--
## Bias, Risks and Limitations

*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.*
-->

<!--
### Recommendations

*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.*
-->

## Training Details

### Training Dataset

#### Unnamed Dataset

* Size: 24,588 training samples
* Columns: <code>sentence_0</code>, <code>sentence_1</code>, and <code>label</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
  |         | sentence_0                                                                                     | sentence_1                                                                                       | label                                                          |
  |:--------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------|
  | type    | string                                                                                         | string                                                                                           | float                                                          |
  | details | <ul><li>min: 3 characters</li><li>mean: 88.65 characters</li><li>max: 998 characters</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 73 characters</li><li>mean: 169.97 characters</li><li>max: 352 characters</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 0.0</li><li>mean: 0.41</li><li>max: 1.0</li></ul> |
* Samples:
  | sentence_0                                                                                                                                                  | sentence_1                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | label             |
  |:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:------------------|
  | <code>What is the average rent price in Canada?</code>                                                                                                      | <code>Title: "How many hours do Americans sleep at night (United States)"<br>Collections: YouGov Trackers<br>Datasets: YouGovTrackerValueV2<br>Chart Type: survey:timeseries<br>Sources: YouGov</code>                                                      | <code>0.0</code>  |
  | <code>for the topic digital foortprint and identity use "	 " to give a description on if there was an provided teaching materials for this activity.</code> | <code>Title: "Different ways Americans define gender for someone who says they are transgender (United States)"<br>Collections: YouGov Trackers<br>Datasets: YouGovTrackerValueV2<br>Chart Type: survey:timeseries<br>Sources: YouGov</code>                | <code>0.25</code> |
  | <code>Which U.S. cities or counties have the highest rates of aggravated assault involving a deadly weapon per 100,000 residents?</code>                    | <code>Title: "U.S. Bank Overview, CITY Overview"<br>Collections: Companies<br>Datasets: InstrumentClosePrice1Day<br>Chart Type: timeseries:eav_v3<br>Canonical forms: "U.S. Bancorp"="closing_price", "Club De Futbol Intercity Sad"="closing_price"</code> | <code>0.0</code>  |
* Loss: [<code>BinaryCrossEntropyLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/cross_encoder/losses.html#binarycrossentropyloss) with these parameters:
  ```json
  {
      "activation_fn": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity",
      "pos_weight": null
  }
  ```

### Training Hyperparameters
#### Non-Default Hyperparameters

- `eval_strategy`: steps
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 32
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 32
- `num_train_epochs`: 5
- `fp16`: True

#### All Hyperparameters
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>

- `overwrite_output_dir`: False
- `do_predict`: False
- `eval_strategy`: steps
- `prediction_loss_only`: True
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 32
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 32
- `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None
- `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1
- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
- `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None
- `learning_rate`: 5e-05
- `weight_decay`: 0.0
- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
- `max_grad_norm`: 1
- `num_train_epochs`: 5
- `max_steps`: -1
- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear
- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: {}
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.0
- `warmup_steps`: 0
- `log_level`: passive
- `log_level_replica`: warning
- `log_on_each_node`: True
- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
- `save_safetensors`: True
- `save_on_each_node`: False
- `save_only_model`: False
- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
- `no_cuda`: False
- `use_cpu`: False
- `use_mps_device`: False
- `seed`: 42
- `data_seed`: None
- `jit_mode_eval`: False
- `bf16`: False
- `fp16`: True
- `fp16_opt_level`: O1
- `half_precision_backend`: auto
- `bf16_full_eval`: False
- `fp16_full_eval`: False
- `tf32`: None
- `local_rank`: 0
- `ddp_backend`: None
- `tpu_num_cores`: None
- `tpu_metrics_debug`: False
- `debug`: []
- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
- `past_index`: -1
- `disable_tqdm`: False
- `remove_unused_columns`: True
- `label_names`: None
- `load_best_model_at_end`: False
- `ignore_data_skip`: False
- `fsdp`: []
- `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
- `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None
- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
- `parallelism_config`: None
- `deepspeed`: None
- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
- `optim_args`: None
- `adafactor`: False
- `group_by_length`: False
- `length_column_name`: length
- `project`: huggingface
- `trackio_space_id`: trackio
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
- `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False
- `push_to_hub`: False
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
- `hub_model_id`: None
- `hub_strategy`: every_save
- `hub_private_repo`: None
- `hub_always_push`: False
- `hub_revision`: None
- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
- `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False
- `include_for_metrics`: []
- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
- `fp16_backend`: auto
- `push_to_hub_model_id`: None
- `push_to_hub_organization`: None
- `mp_parameters`: 
- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
- `full_determinism`: False
- `torchdynamo`: None
- `ray_scope`: last
- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
- `torch_compile`: False
- `torch_compile_backend`: None
- `torch_compile_mode`: None
- `include_tokens_per_second`: False
- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: no
- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
- `optim_target_modules`: None
- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
- `eval_on_start`: False
- `use_liger_kernel`: False
- `liger_kernel_config`: None
- `eval_use_gather_object`: False
- `average_tokens_across_devices`: True
- `prompts`: None
- `batch_sampler`: batch_sampler
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: proportional
- `router_mapping`: {}
- `learning_rate_mapping`: {}

</details>

### Training Logs
| Epoch  | Step | Training Loss | validation_spearman |
|:------:|:----:|:-------------:|:-------------------:|
| 0.1300 | 100  | -             | 0.7581              |
| 0.2601 | 200  | -             | 0.7928              |
| 0.3901 | 300  | -             | 0.8105              |
| 0.5202 | 400  | -             | 0.8252              |
| 0.6502 | 500  | 0.4726        | 0.8306              |
| 0.7802 | 600  | -             | 0.8338              |
| 0.9103 | 700  | -             | 0.8398              |
| 1.0    | 769  | -             | 0.8406              |
| 1.0403 | 800  | -             | 0.8412              |
| 1.1704 | 900  | -             | 0.8479              |
| 1.3004 | 1000 | 0.4027        | 0.8525              |
| 1.4304 | 1100 | -             | 0.8521              |
| 1.5605 | 1200 | -             | 0.8549              |
| 1.6905 | 1300 | -             | 0.8591              |
| 1.8205 | 1400 | -             | 0.8619              |
| 1.9506 | 1500 | 0.3793        | 0.8614              |
| 2.0    | 1538 | -             | 0.8627              |
| 2.0806 | 1600 | -             | 0.8623              |
| 2.2107 | 1700 | -             | 0.8641              |
| 2.3407 | 1800 | -             | 0.8598              |
| 2.4707 | 1900 | -             | 0.8655              |
| 2.6008 | 2000 | 0.3534        | 0.8641              |
| 2.7308 | 2100 | -             | 0.8651              |
| 2.8609 | 2200 | -             | 0.8656              |
| 2.9909 | 2300 | -             | 0.8668              |
| 3.0    | 2307 | -             | 0.8660              |
| 3.1209 | 2400 | -             | 0.8678              |
| 3.2510 | 2500 | 0.3387        | 0.8654              |
| 3.3810 | 2600 | -             | 0.8654              |
| 3.5111 | 2700 | -             | 0.8667              |
| 3.6411 | 2800 | -             | 0.8676              |
| 3.7711 | 2900 | -             | 0.8674              |
| 3.9012 | 3000 | 0.3335        | 0.8704              |
| 4.0    | 3076 | -             | 0.8703              |
| 4.0312 | 3100 | -             | 0.8698              |
| 4.1612 | 3200 | -             | 0.8709              |


### Framework Versions
- Python: 3.12.11
- Sentence Transformers: 5.1.2
- Transformers: 4.57.1
- PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu128
- Accelerate: 1.11.0
- Datasets: 4.2.0
- Tokenizers: 0.22.1

## Citation

### BibTeX

#### Sentence Transformers
```bibtex
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
```

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