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README.md
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- dense
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- dataset_size:92081
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- loss:MatryoshkaLoss
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- loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
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base_model: intfloat/multilingual-e5-base
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widget:
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- source_sentence: அவர் வீட்டுக்கு திரும்பினார்.அவர் தனது குரங்குக்கு உணவு கொடுத்து
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சென்றார்.அவரின் குரங்கு எங்கும் காணப்படவில்லை.அவரின் குரங்கு எல்லையில் தேடி வந்தார்.அவருக்கு
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அடுத்த நாள் தனது குரங்கு கண்டுபிடிக்க முடிந்தது.
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sentences:
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- Here Comes Santa Claus ஒரு இடத்தில் ஒரு முதல் 10 ஹெட்டாக இருந்தது
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- சாம் ஒரு Pet Cat
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- இது ஒரு ergonomic office chair.
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- source_sentence: 'Topics: ஏகத்துவத்தைக் கொண்டே பிரச்சாரத்தை ஆரம்பிக்க வேண்டும் and
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தாயத்து கட்டுவது ஷிர்க்கை சார்ந்தது Begin propagation with Monotheism, and Using
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amulets is Shirk Speaker: மவ்லவி கே.எல்.எம்.'
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sentences:
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- பிரெஞ்சுக்குத் தேவையான அளவு பிரெஞ்சு தேவை.
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- அமெரிக்கா தான் மற்ற நாடுகள் கவனித்து வருகின்றன.
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- ரஜினிகாந்த் ராகுல் ஒரு ராகுலக் காட்சியை வெளியிட்டிருக்கிறார்.
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- source_sentence: Karl & Co is a Norwegian situation comedy created by Tore Ryen,
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starring Nils Vogt reprising his role as Karl Reverud from the popular sitcom
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"Mot i brøstet".It aired on TV 2, run for three seasons from 1998 to 2001, a total
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of 63 episodes.
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sentences:
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- ஆங்கிலத்தில் இதை Single Orgasm, Multiple Orgasm என்றும் கூறுகிறார்கள்.
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- Hamvention 2018 Xenia இல் நடைபெறுகிறது.
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- ஜூனியர் ஒப்பந்தங்கள்
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- source_sentence: There is only one temple in the village, no amman etc. The temple
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to Sri Narayanan.கீழ்தட்டு மக்களே இராமனுஜரை, இவர்களுக்கு இருக்கும் பற்று எனக்கில்லையே
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என நினைக்கவைத்த கதையும் உண்டு.ஒருநாள், நம்மாழ்வார் அவதரித்த ஊருக்குச் செல்லும்காலை,
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அவருக்கு வழிதெரியவில்லை.
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sentences:
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- Wenham Parva ஒரு ஊர் மட்டுமே அல்ல, மேலும் ஒரு குடியரசு குடியரசு.
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- பேச்சுவார்த்தை நிராகரிக்கப்படவில்லை.
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- Zazie Beetz, Vanessa on Atlanta படத்தில் நடிக்கிறார்.
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- source_sentence: ஒரு முதியவன் பாதாளங்களைத் தாண்டும் தன் மந்திரக்கோலால் சாய்த்தபடியிருக்கிறான்
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நாட்சத்திரங்களை...............................................................................................................................................................................
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இது எத்தனையாவது [...]
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sentences:
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- விமானங்கள் போக்குவரத்துக்காக காவல்துறையில் அனுமதிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன.
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- தந்தைக்குக் கடினமான பரிசுகளைக் கொடுத்துக் கொண்டிருந்தார்.
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- பிக்பாஸைப் பிடித்த போது எந்தப் படமும் நடக்கவில்லை.
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pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
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library_name: sentence-transformers
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---
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#
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##
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- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
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- **Base model:** [intfloat/multilingual-e5-base](https://huggingface.co/intfloat/multilingual-e5-base) <!-- at revision 835193815a3936a24a0ee7dc9e3d48c1fbb19c55 -->
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- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
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- **Output Dimensionality:** 768 dimensions
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- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
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<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
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<!-- - **Language:** Unknown -->
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<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->
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- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/huggingface/sentence-transformers)
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- **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers)
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(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'XLMRobertaModel'})
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(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
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(2): Normalize()
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)
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```
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##
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pip install -U sentence-transformers
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```
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Then you can load this model and run inference.
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```python
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from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
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# Download from the 🤗 Hub
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model = SentenceTransformer("Tamil-ai/tamil-embed-base")
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sentences = [
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]
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embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
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print(embeddings.shape)
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# [3, 768]
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#
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#
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# [0.4205, 1.0000, 0.3737],
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# [0.4317, 0.3737, 1.0000]])
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```
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### Direct Usage (Transformers)
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<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>
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</details>
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-->
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<!--
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### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)
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You can finetune this model on your own dataset.
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<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
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</details>
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-->
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<!--
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.*
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-->
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<!--
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## Bias, Risks and Limitations
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*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.*
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-->
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<!--
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### Recommendations
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*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.*
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-->
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* Size: 92,081 training samples
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* Columns: <code>anchor</code> and <code>positive</code>
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* Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
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| | anchor | positive |
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|:--------|:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| type | string | string |
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| details | <ul><li>min: 15 tokens</li><li>mean: 57.89 tokens</li><li>max: 200 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 4 tokens</li><li>mean: 16.06 tokens</li><li>max: 87 tokens</li></ul> |
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* Samples:
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| anchor | positive |
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|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------------|
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| <code>Jack and Jill: A Village Story by Louisa May Alcott, is a children's book originally published in 1880.It takes place in a small New England town after the Civil War.The story of two good friends named Jack and Janey, "Jack and Jill" tells of the aftermath of a serious sliding accident.</code> | <code>ஜாக் மற்றும் ஜானி இரு நல்ல நண்பர்கள்.</code> |
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| <code>SourceMedia ஒரு mid-size diversified business-to-business digital media company owned by Observer Capital, which acquired the company from Investcorp in August 2014.Thomson Corporation's former Thomson Media division, SourceMedia விழுந்து, Thomson 2004 இல் Investcorp க்கு விற்கப்பட்டது $ 350 மில்லியன்.</code> | <code>SourceMedia ஒரு Digital Media நிறுவனம்</code> |
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| <code>ஒரு முதியவன் பாதாளங்களைத் தாண்டும் தன் மந்திரக்கோலால் சாய்த்தபடியிருக்கிறான் நாட்சத்திரங்களை............................................................................................................................................................................... இது எத்தனையாவது [...]</code> | <code>பல்வேறு மாநிலங்களில் அரசுக்கு எச்சரிக்கை</code> |
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* Loss: [<code>MatryoshkaLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#matryoshkaloss) with these parameters:
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```json
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{
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"loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
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"matryoshka_dims": [
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768,
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512,
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256,
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128
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],
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"matryoshka_weights": [
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1,
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1,
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1
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],
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"n_dims_per_step": -1
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}
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```
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### Training Hyperparameters
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#### Non-Default Hyperparameters
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- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 64
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- `learning_rate`: 1e-06
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- `warmup_steps`: 144
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- `fp16`: True
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- `gradient_checkpointing`: True
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- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates
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#### All Hyperparameters
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<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
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- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 64
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- `num_train_epochs`: 3
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- `max_steps`: -1
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- `learning_rate`: 1e-06
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- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear
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- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: None
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- `warmup_steps`: 144
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- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
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- `optim_args`: None
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- `weight_decay`: 0.0
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- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
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- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
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- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
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- `optim_target_modules`: None
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- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 1
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- `average_tokens_across_devices`: True
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- `max_grad_norm`: 1.0
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- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
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- `bf16`: False
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- `fp16`: True
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- `bf16_full_eval`: False
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- `fp16_full_eval`: False
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- `tf32`: None
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- `gradient_checkpointing`: True
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- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
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- `torch_compile`: False
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- `torch_compile_backend`: None
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- `torch_compile_mode`: None
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- `use_liger_kernel`: False
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- `liger_kernel_config`: None
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- `use_cache`: False
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- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
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- `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None
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- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
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- `log_on_each_node`: True
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- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
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- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: no
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- `log_level`: passive
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- `log_level_replica`: warning
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- `disable_tqdm`: False
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- `project`: huggingface
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- `trackio_space_id`: trackio
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- `eval_strategy`: no
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- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 8
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- `prediction_loss_only`: True
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- `eval_on_start`: False
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- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
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- `eval_use_gather_object`: False
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- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
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- `include_for_metrics`: []
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- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
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- `save_only_model`: False
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- `save_on_each_node`: False
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- `enable_jit_checkpoint`: False
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- `push_to_hub`: False
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- `hub_private_repo`: None
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- `hub_model_id`: None
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- `hub_strategy`: every_save
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- `hub_always_push`: False
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- `hub_revision`: None
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- `load_best_model_at_end`: False
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- `ignore_data_skip`: False
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- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
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- `full_determinism`: False
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- `seed`: 42
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- `data_seed`: None
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- `use_cpu`: False
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- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
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- `parallelism_config`: None
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- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
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- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
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- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
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- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
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- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
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- `remove_unused_columns`: True
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- `label_names`: None
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- `train_sampling_strategy`: random
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- `length_column_name`: length
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- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
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- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
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- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
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- `ddp_backend`: None
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- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
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| 291 |
-
- `fsdp`: []
|
| 292 |
-
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
|
| 293 |
-
- `deepspeed`: None
|
| 294 |
-
- `debug`: []
|
| 295 |
-
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
|
| 296 |
-
- `do_predict`: False
|
| 297 |
-
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
|
| 298 |
-
- `warmup_ratio`: None
|
| 299 |
-
- `local_rank`: -1
|
| 300 |
-
- `prompts`: None
|
| 301 |
-
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates
|
| 302 |
-
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: proportional
|
| 303 |
-
- `router_mapping`: {}
|
| 304 |
-
- `learning_rate_mapping`: {}
|
| 305 |
-
|
| 306 |
-
</details>
|
| 307 |
-
|
| 308 |
-
### Training Logs
|
| 309 |
-
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
|
| 310 |
-
|
| 311 |
-
| Epoch | Step | Training Loss |
|
| 312 |
-
|:------:|:----:|:-------------:|
|
| 313 |
-
| 0.0174 | 25 | 9.5049 |
|
| 314 |
-
| 0.0347 | 50 | 9.2988 |
|
| 315 |
-
| 0.0521 | 75 | 8.7502 |
|
| 316 |
-
| 0.0695 | 100 | 7.9748 |
|
| 317 |
-
| 0.0869 | 125 | 7.1927 |
|
| 318 |
-
| 0.1042 | 150 | 6.1935 |
|
| 319 |
-
| 0.1216 | 175 | 5.3092 |
|
| 320 |
-
| 0.1390 | 200 | 4.6630 |
|
| 321 |
-
| 0.1564 | 225 | 4.1481 |
|
| 322 |
-
| 0.1737 | 250 | 3.5569 |
|
| 323 |
-
| 0.1911 | 275 | 3.5474 |
|
| 324 |
-
| 0.2085 | 300 | 3.5098 |
|
| 325 |
-
| 0.2259 | 325 | 3.2235 |
|
| 326 |
-
| 0.2432 | 350 | 2.9600 |
|
| 327 |
-
| 0.2606 | 375 | 3.0261 |
|
| 328 |
-
| 0.2780 | 400 | 2.8874 |
|
| 329 |
-
| 0.2953 | 425 | 2.9094 |
|
| 330 |
-
| 0.3127 | 450 | 2.9079 |
|
| 331 |
-
| 0.3301 | 475 | 2.6196 |
|
| 332 |
-
| 0.3475 | 500 | 2.6887 |
|
| 333 |
-
| 0.3648 | 525 | 3.0199 |
|
| 334 |
-
| 0.3822 | 550 | 2.8014 |
|
| 335 |
-
| 0.3996 | 575 | 2.8743 |
|
| 336 |
-
| 0.4170 | 600 | 2.7243 |
|
| 337 |
-
| 0.4343 | 625 | 2.7829 |
|
| 338 |
-
| 0.4517 | 650 | 2.7898 |
|
| 339 |
-
| 0.4691 | 675 | 2.7561 |
|
| 340 |
-
| 0.4864 | 700 | 2.6587 |
|
| 341 |
-
| 0.5038 | 725 | 2.6228 |
|
| 342 |
-
| 0.5212 | 750 | 2.5352 |
|
| 343 |
-
| 0.5386 | 775 | 2.6544 |
|
| 344 |
-
| 0.5559 | 800 | 2.6122 |
|
| 345 |
-
| 0.5733 | 825 | 2.6155 |
|
| 346 |
-
| 0.5907 | 850 | 2.4361 |
|
| 347 |
-
| 0.6081 | 875 | 2.6018 |
|
| 348 |
-
| 0.6254 | 900 | 2.5225 |
|
| 349 |
-
| 0.6428 | 925 | 2.5303 |
|
| 350 |
-
| 0.6602 | 950 | 2.7318 |
|
| 351 |
-
| 0.6776 | 975 | 2.5735 |
|
| 352 |
-
| 0.6949 | 1000 | 2.5443 |
|
| 353 |
-
| 0.7123 | 1025 | 2.3904 |
|
| 354 |
-
| 0.7297 | 1050 | 2.4995 |
|
| 355 |
-
| 0.7470 | 1075 | 2.5640 |
|
| 356 |
-
| 0.7644 | 1100 | 2.6522 |
|
| 357 |
-
| 0.7818 | 1125 | 2.5466 |
|
| 358 |
-
| 0.7992 | 1150 | 2.4968 |
|
| 359 |
-
| 0.8165 | 1175 | 2.3753 |
|
| 360 |
-
| 0.8339 | 1200 | 2.4524 |
|
| 361 |
-
| 0.8513 | 1225 | 2.3839 |
|
| 362 |
-
| 0.8687 | 1250 | 2.6322 |
|
| 363 |
-
| 0.8860 | 1275 | 2.5143 |
|
| 364 |
-
| 0.9034 | 1300 | 2.6360 |
|
| 365 |
-
| 0.9208 | 1325 | 2.3736 |
|
| 366 |
-
| 0.9382 | 1350 | 3.3474 |
|
| 367 |
-
| 0.9555 | 1375 | 4.2932 |
|
| 368 |
-
| 0.9729 | 1400 | 3.8941 |
|
| 369 |
-
| 0.9903 | 1425 | 4.0057 |
|
| 370 |
-
| 1.0076 | 1450 | 3.2783 |
|
| 371 |
-
| 1.0250 | 1475 | 2.6051 |
|
| 372 |
-
| 1.0424 | 1500 | 2.8140 |
|
| 373 |
-
| 1.0598 | 1525 | 2.4573 |
|
| 374 |
-
| 1.0771 | 1550 | 2.5487 |
|
| 375 |
-
| 1.0945 | 1575 | 2.5347 |
|
| 376 |
-
| 1.1119 | 1600 | 2.3618 |
|
| 377 |
-
| 1.1293 | 1625 | 2.3501 |
|
| 378 |
-
| 1.1466 | 1650 | 2.4186 |
|
| 379 |
-
| 1.1640 | 1675 | 2.3757 |
|
| 380 |
-
| 1.1814 | 1700 | 2.6012 |
|
| 381 |
-
| 1.1987 | 1725 | 2.3281 |
|
| 382 |
-
| 1.2161 | 1750 | 2.4444 |
|
| 383 |
-
| 1.2335 | 1775 | 2.5461 |
|
| 384 |
-
| 1.2509 | 1800 | 2.5203 |
|
| 385 |
-
| 1.2682 | 1825 | 2.4201 |
|
| 386 |
-
| 1.2856 | 1850 | 2.6096 |
|
| 387 |
-
| 1.3030 | 1875 | 2.4021 |
|
| 388 |
-
| 1.3204 | 1900 | 2.4524 |
|
| 389 |
-
| 1.3377 | 1925 | 2.3002 |
|
| 390 |
-
| 1.3551 | 1950 | 2.4063 |
|
| 391 |
-
| 1.3725 | 1975 | 2.1237 |
|
| 392 |
-
| 1.3899 | 2000 | 2.3219 |
|
| 393 |
-
| 1.4072 | 2025 | 2.3227 |
|
| 394 |
-
| 1.4246 | 2050 | 2.3646 |
|
| 395 |
-
| 1.4420 | 2075 | 2.4407 |
|
| 396 |
-
| 1.4593 | 2100 | 2.2862 |
|
| 397 |
-
| 1.4767 | 2125 | 2.2900 |
|
| 398 |
-
| 1.4941 | 2150 | 2.2512 |
|
| 399 |
-
| 1.5115 | 2175 | 2.3741 |
|
| 400 |
-
| 1.5288 | 2200 | 2.6308 |
|
| 401 |
-
| 1.5462 | 2225 | 2.5161 |
|
| 402 |
-
| 1.5636 | 2250 | 2.4871 |
|
| 403 |
-
| 1.5810 | 2275 | 2.5049 |
|
| 404 |
-
| 1.5983 | 2300 | 2.6384 |
|
| 405 |
-
| 1.6157 | 2325 | 2.4185 |
|
| 406 |
-
| 1.6331 | 2350 | 2.4573 |
|
| 407 |
-
| 1.6505 | 2375 | 2.2954 |
|
| 408 |
-
| 1.6678 | 2400 | 2.2384 |
|
| 409 |
-
| 1.6852 | 2425 | 2.3318 |
|
| 410 |
-
| 1.7026 | 2450 | 2.2915 |
|
| 411 |
-
| 1.7199 | 2475 | 2.2013 |
|
| 412 |
-
| 1.7373 | 2500 | 2.4082 |
|
| 413 |
-
| 1.7547 | 2525 | 2.5290 |
|
| 414 |
-
| 1.7721 | 2550 | 2.4825 |
|
| 415 |
-
| 1.7894 | 2575 | 2.4610 |
|
| 416 |
-
| 1.8068 | 2600 | 2.3414 |
|
| 417 |
-
| 1.8242 | 2625 | 2.3729 |
|
| 418 |
-
| 1.8416 | 2650 | 2.5862 |
|
| 419 |
-
| 1.8589 | 2675 | 2.4320 |
|
| 420 |
-
| 1.8763 | 2700 | 2.2745 |
|
| 421 |
-
| 1.8937 | 2725 | 2.3046 |
|
| 422 |
-
| 1.9110 | 2750 | 2.3621 |
|
| 423 |
-
| 1.9284 | 2775 | 2.3097 |
|
| 424 |
-
| 1.9458 | 2800 | 4.1645 |
|
| 425 |
-
| 1.9632 | 2825 | 4.5466 |
|
| 426 |
-
| 1.9805 | 2850 | 4.6750 |
|
| 427 |
-
| 1.9979 | 2875 | 2.8955 |
|
| 428 |
-
| 2.0153 | 2900 | 2.9962 |
|
| 429 |
-
| 2.0327 | 2925 | 2.3366 |
|
| 430 |
-
| 2.0500 | 2950 | 2.2591 |
|
| 431 |
-
| 2.0674 | 2975 | 2.3375 |
|
| 432 |
-
| 2.0848 | 3000 | 2.4169 |
|
| 433 |
-
| 2.1022 | 3025 | 2.2635 |
|
| 434 |
-
| 2.1195 | 3050 | 2.1642 |
|
| 435 |
-
| 2.1369 | 3075 | 2.4082 |
|
| 436 |
-
| 2.1543 | 3100 | 2.3501 |
|
| 437 |
-
| 2.1716 | 3125 | 2.4870 |
|
| 438 |
-
| 2.1890 | 3150 | 2.7393 |
|
| 439 |
-
| 2.2064 | 3175 | 2.3203 |
|
| 440 |
-
| 2.2238 | 3200 | 2.2731 |
|
| 441 |
-
| 2.2411 | 3225 | 2.1901 |
|
| 442 |
-
| 2.2585 | 3250 | 2.3000 |
|
| 443 |
-
| 2.2759 | 3275 | 2.3846 |
|
| 444 |
-
| 2.2933 | 3300 | 2.2514 |
|
| 445 |
-
| 2.3106 | 3325 | 2.2218 |
|
| 446 |
-
| 2.3280 | 3350 | 2.5800 |
|
| 447 |
-
| 2.3454 | 3375 | 2.4384 |
|
| 448 |
-
| 2.3628 | 3400 | 2.4946 |
|
| 449 |
-
| 2.3801 | 3425 | 2.2781 |
|
| 450 |
-
| 2.3975 | 3450 | 2.2777 |
|
| 451 |
-
| 2.4149 | 3475 | 2.2062 |
|
| 452 |
-
| 2.4322 | 3500 | 2.3994 |
|
| 453 |
-
| 2.4496 | 3525 | 2.5084 |
|
| 454 |
-
| 2.4670 | 3550 | 2.1158 |
|
| 455 |
-
| 2.4844 | 3575 | 2.0865 |
|
| 456 |
-
| 2.5017 | 3600 | 2.3174 |
|
| 457 |
-
| 2.5191 | 3625 | 2.3668 |
|
| 458 |
-
| 2.5365 | 3650 | 2.3439 |
|
| 459 |
-
| 2.5539 | 3675 | 2.4482 |
|
| 460 |
-
| 2.5712 | 3700 | 2.3998 |
|
| 461 |
-
| 2.5886 | 3725 | 2.2155 |
|
| 462 |
-
| 2.6060 | 3750 | 2.0207 |
|
| 463 |
-
| 2.6233 | 3775 | 2.2652 |
|
| 464 |
-
| 2.6407 | 3800 | 2.4261 |
|
| 465 |
-
| 2.6581 | 3825 | 2.2214 |
|
| 466 |
-
| 2.6755 | 3850 | 2.2244 |
|
| 467 |
-
| 2.6928 | 3875 | 2.2835 |
|
| 468 |
-
| 2.7102 | 3900 | 2.4259 |
|
| 469 |
-
| 2.7276 | 3925 | 2.3013 |
|
| 470 |
-
| 2.7450 | 3950 | 2.1069 |
|
| 471 |
-
| 2.7623 | 3975 | 2.4415 |
|
| 472 |
-
| 2.7797 | 4000 | 2.3380 |
|
| 473 |
-
| 2.7971 | 4025 | 2.3013 |
|
| 474 |
-
| 2.8145 | 4050 | 2.4202 |
|
| 475 |
-
| 2.8318 | 4075 | 2.2488 |
|
| 476 |
-
| 2.8492 | 4100 | 2.1855 |
|
| 477 |
-
| 2.8666 | 4125 | 2.3882 |
|
| 478 |
-
| 2.8839 | 4150 | 2.5306 |
|
| 479 |
-
| 2.9013 | 4175 | 2.3197 |
|
| 480 |
-
| 2.9187 | 4200 | 2.3295 |
|
| 481 |
-
| 2.9361 | 4225 | 3.2070 |
|
| 482 |
-
| 2.9534 | 4250 | 3.9697 |
|
| 483 |
-
| 2.9708 | 4275 | 4.2241 |
|
| 484 |
-
| 2.9882 | 4300 | 3.5779 |
|
| 485 |
|
| 486 |
-
|
| 487 |
|
| 488 |
-
|
| 489 |
-
-
|
| 490 |
-
-
|
| 491 |
-
-
|
| 492 |
-
- PyTorch: 2.9.0+cu126
|
| 493 |
-
- Accelerate: 1.12.0
|
| 494 |
-
- Datasets: 4.0.0
|
| 495 |
-
- Tokenizers: 0.22.2
|
| 496 |
|
| 497 |
## Citation
|
| 498 |
|
| 499 |
-
### BibTeX
|
| 500 |
-
|
| 501 |
-
#### Sentence Transformers
|
| 502 |
```bibtex
|
| 503 |
-
@
|
| 504 |
-
|
| 505 |
-
|
| 506 |
-
|
| 507 |
-
|
| 508 |
-
|
| 509 |
-
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
|
| 510 |
-
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
|
| 511 |
}
|
| 512 |
```
|
| 513 |
-
|
| 514 |
-
#### MatryoshkaLoss
|
| 515 |
-
```bibtex
|
| 516 |
-
@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
|
| 517 |
-
title={Matryoshka Representation Learning},
|
| 518 |
-
author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
|
| 519 |
-
year={2024},
|
| 520 |
-
eprint={2205.13147},
|
| 521 |
-
archivePrefix={arXiv},
|
| 522 |
-
primaryClass={cs.LG}
|
| 523 |
-
}
|
| 524 |
-
```
|
| 525 |
-
|
| 526 |
-
#### MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
|
| 527 |
-
```bibtex
|
| 528 |
-
@misc{henderson2017efficient,
|
| 529 |
-
title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
|
| 530 |
-
author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
|
| 531 |
-
year={2017},
|
| 532 |
-
eprint={1705.00652},
|
| 533 |
-
archivePrefix={arXiv},
|
| 534 |
-
primaryClass={cs.CL}
|
| 535 |
-
}
|
| 536 |
-
```
|
| 537 |
-
|
| 538 |
-
<!--
|
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## Glossary
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|
| 548 |
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|
| 551 |
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## Model Card Contact
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| 552 |
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| 553 |
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|
| 554 |
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-->
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|
| 1 |
---
|
| 2 |
+
language:
|
| 3 |
+
- ta
|
| 4 |
+
- en
|
| 5 |
+
license: apache-2.0
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| 6 |
base_model: intfloat/multilingual-e5-base
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| 7 |
library_name: sentence-transformers
|
| 8 |
+
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
|
| 9 |
+
tags:
|
| 10 |
+
- tamil
|
| 11 |
+
- embedding
|
| 12 |
+
- sentence-transformers
|
| 13 |
+
- matryoshka
|
| 14 |
+
- dravidian
|
| 15 |
+
- cross-lingual
|
| 16 |
+
model-index:
|
| 17 |
+
- name: Tamil-Embed-Base
|
| 18 |
+
results:
|
| 19 |
+
- task:
|
| 20 |
+
type: STS
|
| 21 |
+
dataset:
|
| 22 |
+
name: IndicCrosslingualSTS (en-ta)
|
| 23 |
+
type: mteb/IndicCrosslingualSTS
|
| 24 |
+
metrics:
|
| 25 |
+
- type: spearman
|
| 26 |
+
value: 0.489
|
| 27 |
+
name: Spearman (en-ta)
|
| 28 |
---
|
| 29 |
|
| 30 |
+
# Tamil-Embed-Base
|
| 31 |
|
| 32 |
+
A Tamil-specialized sentence embedding model fine-tuned from multilingual-e5-base (278M parameters) using Matryoshka representation learning.
|
| 33 |
|
| 34 |
+
**Paper:** *"A Thousand Language Problem: Morphological Understanding in Linguistic AI"*
|
| 35 |
|
| 36 |
+
## Model Details
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| 37 |
|
| 38 |
+
| Property | Value |
|
| 39 |
+
|----------|-------|
|
| 40 |
+
| Base model | [intfloat/multilingual-e5-base](https://huggingface.co/intfloat/multilingual-e5-base) |
|
| 41 |
+
| Parameters | 278M |
|
| 42 |
+
| Embedding dimensions | 768 (supports Matryoshka: 768, 512, 256, 128, 64) |
|
| 43 |
+
| Training data | NLI entailment pairs (ta) + Samanantar parallel corpus (~50K pairs) |
|
| 44 |
+
| Loss function | MatryoshkaLoss + MultipleNegativesRankingLoss |
|
| 45 |
|
| 46 |
+
## Training
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|
| 47 |
|
| 48 |
+
Two-stage training pipeline:
|
| 49 |
|
| 50 |
+
1. **Stage 1 (NLI Warm-up):** Fine-tune on Tamil NLI entailment pairs (ANLI, FEVER, LING, MNLI, WANLI) with MatryoshkaLoss wrapping MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
|
| 51 |
+
2. **Stage 2 (Retrieval):** Fine-tune on Samanantar English-Tamil parallel corpus with hard negatives
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| 52 |
|
| 53 |
+
## MTEB Results
|
| 54 |
|
| 55 |
+
IndicCrosslingualSTS benchmark (Spearman correlation):
|
| 56 |
|
| 57 |
+
| Language Pair | Score |
|
| 58 |
+
|---------------|-------|
|
| 59 |
+
| en-hi (Hindi) | 0.640 |
|
| 60 |
+
| en-kn (Kannada) | 0.584 |
|
| 61 |
+
| en-ml (Malayalam) | 0.582 |
|
| 62 |
+
| en-bn (Bengali) | 0.537 |
|
| 63 |
+
| en-pa (Punjabi) | 0.536 |
|
| 64 |
+
| en-gu (Gujarati) | 0.533 |
|
| 65 |
+
| en-as (Assamese) | 0.512 |
|
| 66 |
+
| **en-ta (Tamil)** | **0.489** |
|
| 67 |
+
| en-mr (Marathi) | 0.485 |
|
| 68 |
+
| en-te (Telugu) | 0.468 |
|
| 69 |
|
| 70 |
+
## Usage
|
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|
| 71 |
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|
| 72 |
```python
|
| 73 |
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
|
| 74 |
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|
| 75 |
model = SentenceTransformer("Tamil-ai/tamil-embed-base")
|
| 76 |
+
|
| 77 |
sentences = [
|
| 78 |
+
"query: தமிழ் மொழியின் வரலாறு என்ன?",
|
| 79 |
+
"passage: தமிழ் மொழி 2000 ஆண்டுகளுக்கும் மேலான வரலாற்றைக் கொண்ட செம்மொழியாகும்.",
|
| 80 |
+
"passage: Python is a popular programming language.",
|
| 81 |
]
|
| 82 |
+
|
| 83 |
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
|
| 84 |
+
print(embeddings.shape) # (3, 768)
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|
| 85 |
|
| 86 |
+
# Compute similarity
|
| 87 |
+
from sentence_transformers.util import cos_sim
|
| 88 |
+
similarities = cos_sim(embeddings[0], embeddings[1:])
|
| 89 |
+
print(similarities) # Tamil passage should score higher
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|
| 90 |
```
|
| 91 |
|
| 92 |
+
### Matryoshka (variable dimensions)
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| 93 |
|
| 94 |
+
```python
|
| 95 |
+
# Use smaller dimensions for faster search with minimal quality loss
|
| 96 |
+
embeddings_256 = model.encode(sentences, output_value="sentence_embedding")[:, :256]
|
| 97 |
+
embeddings_128 = model.encode(sentences, output_value="sentence_embedding")[:, :128]
|
| 98 |
+
```
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|
| 99 |
|
| 100 |
+
## Intended Use
|
| 101 |
|
| 102 |
+
- Tamil semantic search and retrieval
|
| 103 |
+
- Cross-lingual English-Tamil similarity
|
| 104 |
+
- Tamil document clustering
|
| 105 |
+
- RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation) for Tamil
|
|
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|
| 106 |
|
| 107 |
## Citation
|
| 108 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 109 |
```bibtex
|
| 110 |
+
@misc{tamilai2026embed,
|
| 111 |
+
title={A Thousand Language Problem: Morphological Understanding in Linguistic AI},
|
| 112 |
+
author={Tamil-AI},
|
| 113 |
+
year={2026},
|
| 114 |
+
publisher={HuggingFace},
|
| 115 |
+
url={https://huggingface.co/Tamil-ai/tamil-embed-base}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 116 |
}
|
| 117 |
```
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