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(calm music)

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-: Okay, so we were able to run this code

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and we understood something

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what is happening behind the scenes, right?

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So basically we know now that as a programmer,

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as a Java developer, you write our Java code,

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which will be having dot Java extension

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and that gets compiled by Java C.

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And then when you compile the code,

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what you get in output is a byte code

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which will be having dot class file.

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And then you can run the dot class file in your JVM

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and basically it's a part of JRE which will have JVM

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as well as a libraries, a lot of classes.

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And then everything is a part of a JRE,

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that JRE you'll be installing on OS, right?

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So basically you need to have a hardware,

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of course you need a machine to run, right?

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That machine will be having an OS

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and that OS will be having JRE, which is,

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which will have JVM.

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But as a developer you will need one more tool,

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which is JDK.

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Now when you install a new JDK,

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you get the updated JRE and JVM with it, okay.

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So the version of JDK which we are using is JDK 17,

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which is LTS, which is long-term support.

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And in every new version you

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get some minor extra features, right?

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So even if you are watching this after 10 years

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or eight years or five years,

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you'll be having new version of Java.

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Of course next five years you will get 10 new versions

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and every new version will have minor updates,

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but the base thing remains same, right?

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So whatever you're learning is actually

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from Java one itself.

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The system.printer is same in Java 1.

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So don't worry about the new updates,

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the core concept will remain same.

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Okay, cool.

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Now once you have this thing, what next we can do?

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Now think about this world, of course.

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First of all, why we build software, we build software so

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that we can solve a problem.

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Now what problem we are trying to solve?

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So basically we are trying to solve the real world problems

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with the help of virtual world.

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Example, you wanted to buy something.

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So you got Amazon, which delivers everything at home.

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So you got Amazon as online service, you wanted

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to book a cab, you got Uber.

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So for every problem we have a solution

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in the virtual world, right?

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So banking, everything is happening online.

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Now when you say you are replacing the real world

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with a virtual world solution,

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so basically we need to work with one thing.

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The most important thing now is actually data.

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So basically we want to work with data.

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So how will you work with data?

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So basically you need data as well as processing on it.

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So whatever, when you build, we build a project.

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Or when you build application,

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what we are doing is we are doing the processing on data.

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Now this data can be coming from user

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or something, so maybe you will accept the data

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from the user and then you will do some work with it.

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Maybe you want to store this data.

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Now where exactly do we store data?

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So we store data in something called database.

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So we have a database here

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in which you'll be showing your data.

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So whatever data you're getting from the user

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or from after processing.

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So let's say we've got a user here, user sends us data,

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we will apply a processing on that.

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So we will do some work in between.

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And then at the end we might store data in database.

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Now this database is actually a permanent storage

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or a persistent storage, which you say.

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Now when you say it is permanent,

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that doesn't mean you can't change it.

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Of course you can, you can replace the values as well,

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but then the data stays there, okay?

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So if you just store it

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and if even if you shut down your machine,

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the data will be stored.

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Example, when you copy movies

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or games on your laptop, it stays there, right?

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It'll get deleted when you say delete,

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but the data stays there.

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So this makes sense, right?

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But when I say you will receive data from the user

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and then you will be doing some processing on that

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where you will store the data for temporary purpose.

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Of course database is there for permanent storage,

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but during processing you have to store your data somewhere

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and that somewhere is variable.

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So this is where you store your data. Now what is variable?

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So imagine variable as a box

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and in this box you will store your data.

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Now what data you want to store?

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Your data can be numeric,

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it can be text, it can be image, whatever you want to store.

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So you can store that data in this variable.

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Now I'm not talking specific to Java in general,

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when you say you want to store data, you will store

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that in a box and that box will have a type to it.

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It can be of type numbers, it can be of types, text

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or image or video.

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So here we are trying to store data, right?

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So let's say I want to store the number which is 5.

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So this box will have a number 5

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and it'll also have a name to it.

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Maybe I can give a name. Let's say a number.

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It doesn't matter what name you give,

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of course there are some restrictions on names.

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But num works, you can use any name in which you like.

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Maybe you can create one more box here

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and you want to store the number itself,

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but let's say a decimal value, something like 6.5,

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you can do that, okay?

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And maybe you can have a different value to it,

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different name to it.

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Maybe you can say marks or grades.

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Maybe you want to have one more box

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where you want to store your name.

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So I can do that, I can store my name as Navin

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and it'll have a variable name.

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So maybe I can say this is user. So user is Navin.

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So basically what you do is you create a box

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and inside the box will be having values.

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Now this box are actually called variables.

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So we can name this box as a variable, okay?

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And so what we got till now we got

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that a box will be called a variable

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and you'll be having a name to it, you'll be having a value.

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So name and value will be there.

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Apart from that,

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you know Java is actually called strongly typed language.

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Now what it means is whatever variable you want to create.

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So if you want to store the data,

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of course Java says, "Hey, we'll accept the data,"

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but tell me also what kind of box you want.

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A different type of data will require different box.

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Okay, that makes sense.

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So I will say, "Hey Java, I want to store a number.

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So I want you to create a box

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for me which will accept numbers."

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So we can say, okay, this makes sense, number will go there.

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We can also create this as a number,

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but this is a text, right?

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So in Java we call them as a string, right?

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So text will be having a string. So this box type is string.

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What about this box?

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Of course we say this is a number, this is also a number,

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but in number as well we have a category inside it.

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So one of the category I will mention is this, we can,

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if you want to store numbers, we can store

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that in something called int.

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Now int means integer, okay?

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So we can store data in the integer format,

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but we cannot store 6.5 in int because 6.5 is a real number.

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So int will accept numbers,

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but why is called int we not natural numbers

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or whole numbers is because maybe you want

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to store negative values as well.

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So remember your maths concept.

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So we have negative numbers to positive values.

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So everything will be considered as int

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so we can store minus 5 plus 5.

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That's your choice. Okay, so this makes sense.

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So what I will do now is if I go back to the code,

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of course we want to print "Hello World",

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but we have done that.

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Now I want to store value so

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that I can do some processing on it.

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Now what kind of processing I want to do, maybe I can,

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I want to add two numbers, maybe 2 plus 2

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or 5 plus 6, simple stuff, right?

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But before that we'll see how do we store data?

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Even if you don't store data, you can just go

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inside this System.out.print,

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whatever operation you want to perform, you want

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to say 3 plus 5, that will work.

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So you can just go back here and say compile and run.

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So remember this thing every time you make a change, just

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make sure that you compile it first.

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So the first step is compilation and then running.

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And you can see we've got the output which is 8.

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Just ignore this percentage symbol as of now.

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Actually there's one more thing I wanted to mention.

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Whenever you print something, let's say I want

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to print this number here as well.

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I want to perform different options.

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So you can write multiple statement

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for different operation you want to perform.

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So you can say 8 plus 7.

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So we are doing addition here

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and then addition here, let's clear the screen.

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Okay, first compile, okay, that's what.

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Compile run and you can see we got the value.

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Now the only thing you can see is the result

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are bit, they're together, right?

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We want to give a space of maybe I can

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print 15 on new lines.

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So what you can do is instead of using print,

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you can actually use something called println.

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Now println means print new line.

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So it'll print and it'll go on new line.

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So we can do that here as well.

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So just say ln, ln at the end, println,

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which is print new line and now compile run

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and you can see we got the value, we got 5 and 15.

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So from now we'll not be using print,

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we'll be using ln, println.

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Okay, so again println means it'll

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print, it'll go on new line.

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So we got println. Now what else we can do here?

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So I don't want to perform the operation here, remove that.

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I want to store that value first. So how do we store?

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Of course we need box, right?

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So I can say num1, I can, as I mentioned,

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I can use any variable name.

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So let's say num1 or to start with let's say num, just

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to keep it simple and then we can give a value to it.

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Let's say value is 3.

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So remember you have

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to mention the variable name and then we have

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to mention the value for it.

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And at the end of course you can put a semicolon.

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So we can say we got num equal to 3

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and we got a semicolon.

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So in Java, after every statement you have

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to give a semicolon.

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You might be thinking, hey, why don't we

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have a semicolon here?

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It's because that is a block.

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So we don't put a semicolon out at the end of a block.

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The reason is it signifies that's the end.

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Here, if you don't mention semicolon,

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how do we define that that's the end?

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So it's good to put semicolon at the end.

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And anyway, Java will give you if you don't do that.

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The next thing we have to do here is we have

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to also mention the type, what type of num is this?

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So we can say int.

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Now we have to say first you have to specify the type

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and then you mention the variable name.

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Maybe if you have learned some other languages

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where you put the type afterwards, in Java,

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we first put the type

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and then we put the name, then we assign the value.

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Now this equal to here is called assignment operator

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because you are assigning a value.

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So what it'll do is it'll take the value

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from the right hand side,

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it'll assign the value to the left hand side, okay?

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Remember this, equal to will take the value

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from the right hand side,

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it'll assign the value to the left hand side.

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Okay, so we got a variable which is of type int. Okay?

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So this is num, which is a variable

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and then we can print it.

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Now, let's only print the value. That's it, nothing much.

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I'll just save.

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Now once you click on save, you have

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to compile the code and run the code

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and you can see we got 3.

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Okay, cool. So now can I create more variables?

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We can actually, so let me just rename the value variable

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from num to num1 and here as well, I'll print num1.

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Okay, and then I will create one more variable,

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which is num2 is equal to.

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So every time you want to get a variable,

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just mention the type which is int

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of whatever type of variable you're creating.

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At this point we are working with numbers.

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So we'll say int num2 equal to.

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We can assign the value, which is 5.

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So we got 3 and 5.

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Here, what you can do is you can actually

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perform the operation here itself.

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So you can say number one plus num2, that works.

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So instead of adding values, we can also add the variables.

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Okay, so now we are, what we're doing is we are saying num1

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plus num2 and the addition be getting printed.

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Let's try.

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So I can just go back here and say compile run,

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and you can see we got 8.

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You know what, instead of adding it

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inside this, it's not a good practice.

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What you can do is we can

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create another variable called result.

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And that's right, variables are free to use.

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Of course, behind the scenes it's consuming a lot of memory,

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but it's working right as of it's free as of now.

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But later on we'll focus on

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how can you make your code more efficient so

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that it'll use less space, right?

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At this point it works. So we can say num1 plus.

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So whatever option you want to perform,

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you can do that here.

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And instead of printing doing addition here,

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we can simply print result.

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So what you're doing now is you are adding the value

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and then you are storing that in a result

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and then you are printing it.

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It should work. Let's try compile run.

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And you can see we got 8. So this is working.

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So that's how you can create variables.

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So remember this thing.

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Every time you want to create a variable,

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you first need a name for it, at this point is num1.

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You have to also mention the type of it.

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At this point, this is int

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and you have to assign the value for it.

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In the upcoming videos we'll talk about how can you

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create a variable, which will be having a name

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with a different type and different value.

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Okay? So that's it from this video.