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mamba-50m

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----
-library_name: transformers
-tags: []
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+---
+language:
+- en
+license: apache-2.0
+library_name: transformers
+pipeline_tag: text-generation
+tags:
+- mamba
+- state-space-model
+- ssm
+- causal-lm
+- pytorch
+- pretrained
+datasets:
+- wikimedia/wikipedia
+---
+# Mamba-50M
+A ~50M-parameter [Mamba](https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.00752) (selective state-space) causal
+language model, **pretrained from scratch on English Wikipedia**. Mamba replaces the attention
+mechanism of a Transformer with a selective state-space layer, giving linear-time sequence
+processing instead of the quadratic cost of self-attention.
+> **This is a base model: pretrained only.** It has **not** been fine-tuned, instruction-tuned,
+> RLHF'd, or aligned in any way. It is a raw next-token predictor intended for research.
+## Model details
+| | |
+|---|---|
+| Architecture | Mamba (selective SSM) |
+| Parameters | ~50M |
+| Context length | 512 tokens |
+| Tokenizer | [GPT-NeoX-20B](https://huggingface.co/EleutherAI/gpt-neox-20b) (BPE, ~50k vocab) — the same tokenizer used by the original `state-spaces/mamba-*` models |
+| Language | English |
+| License | Apache-2.0 |
+## Limitations
+- **Pretrained only.** No fine-tuning, instruction tuning, or alignment. It does not follow instructions and has no safety filtering; it simply continues text.
+- **Small.** At ~50M parameters it has limited fluency and reasoning; expect frequent hallucination and repetition.
+- **English only.** Trained solely on English Wikipedia; other languages are out of distribution.
+- **Domain-narrow.** Only Wikipedia was used as training data.
+## Training data
+Pretrained on the English subset of Wikipedia: over 3 million articles.
+### Training procedure
+| Hyperparameter | Value |
+|---|---|
+| Learning rate | 5e-4 |
+| Sequence length | 512 |
+| Batch size | 64 |
+| Tokenizer | GPT-NeoX-20B (`EleutherAI/gpt-neox-20b`) |
+| Optimizer | `AdamW` |
+| LR schedule / warmup | `constant` / `10000` |
+| Total tokens seen | `~ 2.5-2.9B` |
+| Hardware | `2x Nvidia Quadro RTX 6000 24GB` |
+## Evaluation
+Evaluated on a held-out set of **10,000 Wikipedia articles** that were not seen during training.
+The training and evaluation loss curves are shown below.
+![Training and evaluation loss](loss_curves.png)
+## Citation
+If you use this model, please cite the Mamba paper:
+```bibtex
+@article{gu2023mamba,
+  title={Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces},
+  author={Gu, Albert and Dao, Tri},
+  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.00752},
+  year={2023}
+}
+```