{"nbformat":4,"nbformat_minor":0,"metadata":{"colab":{"provenance":[],"authorship_tag":"ABX9TyN7XBdrJC7vDkLfGHN21HeS"},"kernelspec":{"name":"python3","display_name":"Python 3"},"language_info":{"name":"python"}},"cells":[{"cell_type":"markdown","source":["# `Module and Packages`"],"metadata":{"id":"Z37XvMpG7ZcS"}},{"cell_type":"markdown","source":["# Importing standard modules"],"metadata":{"id":"Id_Y3wQX7bR2"}},{"cell_type":"code","execution_count":5,"metadata":{"id":"hZsqY54c7SWg","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735400786328,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":513,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}}},"outputs":[],"source":["# Basic Syntax for Importing Modules\n","\n","# Importing an entire module\n","import tensorflow\n","\n","# Importing a specific function or class from a module\n","from tensorflow import keras\n","\n","# Importing a module and aliasing it\n","import tensorflow as tf\n","\n","# Importing multiple functions or classes from a module\n","from tensorflow import keras, initializers"]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# Importing an Entire Module\n","import math\n","\n","result = math.sqrt(25)\n","print(result)"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"AMMUiM8I8uag","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735400847620,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":503,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"7abed226-188a-4430-ab3c-1cbf7c92a18c"},"execution_count":9,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["5.0\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# Importing Specific Functions or Classes\n","from math import sqrt\n","\n","result = sqrt(25)\n","print(result)"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"jFlFmUfd8xr9","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735400876052,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":9,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"d75bbe63-062e-4857-eb3f-f7eb5bb2456c"},"execution_count":10,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["5.0\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# Importing with Aliases\n","import math as m\n","\n","result = m.sqrt(25)\n","print(result)"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"CFtYL04K9Lyv","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735400973104,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":563,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"bee3d0fb-1931-46a7-a553-35be48ddeea1"},"execution_count":11,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["5.0\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# Importing Multiple Functions or Classes\n","from math import sqrt, pi\n","\n","print(sqrt(16))\n","print(pi)"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"ez3jJY5N9V3Y","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735401020635,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":547,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"e82a131d-501b-49a7-c41b-7b859d9c3199"},"execution_count":12,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["4.0\n","3.141592653589793\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"markdown","source":["**Commonly Used Standard Python Modules**"],"metadata":{"id":"dcCpQQ2C9zwT"}},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# math - Mathematical operations (e.g., sqrt(), pow(), sin(), cos()).\n","import math\n","print(math.pi)"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"rVerNP8w9iQd","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735401148977,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":595,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"5811dd60-235e-4588-c6a8-1a1924b5581e"},"execution_count":13,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["3.141592653589793\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# os - Interacting with the operating system (e.g., file management, directory structure).\n","import os\n","print(os.getcwd())"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"edCtiYxB-DLr","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735401184386,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":574,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"3f2b77a4-584e-495f-bee6-0ec4fa9f6c87"},"execution_count":14,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["/content\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# sys - Provides access to system-specific parameters and functions.\n","import sys\n","print(sys.version)"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"X1yAaIRa-Jct","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735401281841,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":523,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"0212f863-c35e-4307-f495-c0d33b328d28"},"execution_count":15,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["3.10.12 (main, Nov  6 2024, 20:22:13) [GCC 11.4.0]\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# random - Random number generation (e.g., randint(), choice()).\n","import random\n","print(random.randint(1, 100))"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"SwHULM9_-hQI","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735401329286,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":544,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"27b37140-b489-4607-f0d1-4fb98dae5fb8"},"execution_count":17,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["59\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# time - Time-related functions (e.g., sleep(), time()).\n","import time\n","print(time.time())"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"8WjAC1U3-r7M","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735402009119,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":533,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"341b6e00-72b0-447d-e422-e570b39fdb83"},"execution_count":18,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["1735402009.4303534\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# datetime - Work with dates and times (e.g., datetime.now(), timedelta).\n","import datetime\n","print(datetime.datetime.now())"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"GAnwwYurBSzy","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735402050961,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":556,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"a1ae7c0f-26e8-48ba-ef9c-12c14b5cfbc9"},"execution_count":19,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["2024-12-28 16:07:31.230078\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# json - JSON parsing and serialization.\n","import json\n","data = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'Student':True}\n","json_str = json.dumps(data)\n","print(json_str)"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"bPdZewRRBdBI","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735402166126,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":499,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"50ad63fe-3938-411d-cb2b-a2833dde1710"},"execution_count":22,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["{\"name\": \"Alice\", \"age\": 25, \"Student\": true}\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# re - Regular expressions for pattern matching.\n","import re\n","pattern = r\"\\d+\"\n","text = \"There are 123 apples.\"\n","match = re.search(pattern, text)\n","if match:\n","    print(match.group())"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"3myRsdzBBhUQ","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735402265106,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":549,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"6ab711dc-3683-4777-de64-152e808ecb27"},"execution_count":25,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["123\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# collections - Specialized container datatypes (e.g., Counter, deque, defaultdict).\n","from collections import Counter\n","counts = Counter([1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3])\n","print(counts)"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/"},"id":"ENfMSfgTCWDK","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735402358246,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":502,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"6465c064-37e3-49bb-e9f4-df5bd6e4077e"},"execution_count":26,"outputs":[{"output_type":"stream","name":"stdout","text":["Counter({3: 3, 2: 2, 1: 1})\n"]}]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# Importing Multiple Modules\n","import math, sys, os"],"metadata":{"id":"nvXRP2MnCoBk","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735406047156,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":582,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}}},"execution_count":27,"outputs":[]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# Importing Submodules\n","import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"],"metadata":{"id":"RyTSRkfaQvkc","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735406069368,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":4,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}}},"execution_count":28,"outputs":[]},{"cell_type":"markdown","source":["# Creating custom modules"],"metadata":{"id":"ERWFrzHzQ352"}},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# Create the Module (math_operations.py)\n","\n","def add(x, y):\n","    return x + y\n","\n","def subtract(x, y):\n","    return x - y\n","\n","def multiply(x, y):\n","    return x * y\n","\n","def divide(x, y):\n","    if y == 0:\n","        raise ValueError(\"Cannot divide by zero\")\n","    return x / y"],"metadata":{"id":"Y_MeOp0RQ6Gl","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735406245536,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":502,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}}},"execution_count":29,"outputs":[]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["# Import the Module (main.py)\n","\n","# import math_operations\n","\n","# a = 10\n","# b = 5\n","\n","# print(\"Addition:\", math_operations.add(a, b))\n","# print(\"Subtraction:\", math_operations.subtract(a, b))\n","# print(\"Multiplication:\", math_operations.multiply(a, b))\n","# print(\"Division:\", math_operations.divide(a, b))\n"],"metadata":{"id":"TkPJzVLwRi_g","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735406391004,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":592,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}}},"execution_count":30,"outputs":[]},{"cell_type":"markdown","source":["# Overview of popular packages (NumPy, Pandas)"],"metadata":{"id":"4R4kk1nASn4f"}},{"cell_type":"code","source":["import numpy as np\n","\n","# Create a NumPy array\n","arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])\n","\n","# Basic mathematical operations\n","arr_sum = np.sum(arr)\n","arr_mean = np.mean(arr)\n","arr_max = np.max(arr)\n","\n","# Element-wise operations (vectorized)\n","arr_squared = arr ** 2\n","\n","# Reshaping arrays\n","arr_reshaped = arr.reshape((1, 5))\n","\n","# Create a 2D array (matrix)\n","matrix = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])\n","\n","# Matrix multiplication\n","result = np.dot(matrix, matrix)"],"metadata":{"id":"KIfIdM9nSpbp","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735406573453,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":544,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}}},"execution_count":31,"outputs":[]},{"cell_type":"code","source":["import pandas as pd\n","\n","# Create a DataFrame from a dictionary\n","data = {\n","    'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'David'],\n","    'Age': [24, 27, 22, 32],\n","    'Salary': [50000, 55000, 40000, 60000]\n","}\n","df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n","\n","# View the first few rows of the DataFrame\n","df.head()\n","\n","# Filter rows based on conditions\n","df_filtered = df[df['Age'] > 25]\n","\n","# Grouping data and calculating aggregate statistics\n","df_grouped = df.groupby('Age')['Salary'].mean()\n","\n","# Sorting data\n","df_sorted = df.sort_values(by='Salary', ascending=False)\n","\n","# Handle missing data\n","df_filled = df.fillna(0)\n","\n","# Write data to a CSV file\n","df.to_csv('data.csv', index=False)\n","\n","# Read data from a CSV file\n","df_csv = pd.read_csv('data.csv')\n","df_csv"],"metadata":{"colab":{"base_uri":"https://localhost:8080/","height":174},"id":"TA3AIsbVSt5j","executionInfo":{"status":"ok","timestamp":1735406669066,"user_tz":-360,"elapsed":20,"user":{"displayName":"44-271-Munsi Walid Al Hassan Nizhu","userId":"16216461530557409787"}},"outputId":"1308257c-306f-4856-9e2e-42055bc516ff"},"execution_count":34,"outputs":[{"output_type":"execute_result","data":{"text/plain":["      Name  Age  Salary\n","0    Alice   24   50000\n","1      Bob   27   55000\n","2  Charlie   22   40000\n","3    David   32   60000"],"text/html":["\n","  <div id=\"df-75464680-d1d4-4e5a-8cad-0cdfc832791f\" class=\"colab-df-container\">\n","    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