docs: model card
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README.md
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---
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license: apache-2.0
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library_name: aether
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tags:
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- diffusion
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- masked-diffusion
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- language-model
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- mdlm
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datasets:
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- wikitext
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pipeline_tag: text-generation
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---
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# ameyg910/aether-55m
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A masked (absorbing-state) diffusion language model trained with
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[Aether](https://github.com/ameyg910/aether).
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Unlike an autoregressive model, generation does not proceed left to right. The
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model starts from an all-`[MASK]` sequence and unmasks progressively, so the
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number of forward passes (**NFE**) is a knob rather than a function of sequence
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length.
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## Model details
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| | |
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| --- | --- |
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| Architecture | bidirectional DiT denoiser, AdaLN-Zero time conditioning |
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| Objective | MDLM / SUBS masked-diffusion loss |
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| Parameters | 55,543,634 |
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| Width / depth / heads | 384 / 6 / 6 |
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| Context length | 1024 |
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| Vocabulary | 50,258 (GPT-2 + `[MASK]`) |
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| Training steps | 30,000 |
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| Tokens seen | 3,932,160,000 |
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| License | Apache-2.0 |
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## Evaluation
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Measured with `aether-eval`; see
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[the evaluation protocol](https://github.com/ameyg910/aether/blob/main/docs/evaluation.md).
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| metric | value |
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| --- | --- |
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| NELBO (nats/token) | 7.136 |
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| Bits per dim | 10.3 |
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| Perplexity (upper bound) | 1257 |
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| MAUVE | 0.999 |
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| distinct-2 | 0.971 |
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| Sampler / steps | ancestral / 128 |
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> **Perplexity here is an upper bound, not an exact likelihood.** A masked
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> diffusion model has no exact factorization of `log p(x)`; what is reported is a
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> Monte Carlo estimate of a variational bound. It is comparable to other diffusion
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> models evaluated the same way, and **not** directly comparable to an
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> autoregressive model's exact perplexity, which would flatter the AR model.
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## Usage
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Serve it:
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```bash
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pip install "aether-dlm[serve]"
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aether-serve serve.model_version=hf:ameyg910/aether-55m@v1.0.0
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curl -X POST localhost:8000/generate \
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-H 'content-type: application/json' \
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-d '{"n_samples":2,"length":64,"steps":64,"sampler":"ancestral"}'
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```
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Or load it directly:
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```python
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import torch
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from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
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from aether.models.loading import build_model_from_checkpoint
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from aether.diffusion.samplers import sample
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path = hf_hub_download("ameyg910/aether-55m", "latest.pt", revision="v1.0.0")
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model, config = build_model_from_checkpoint(
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torch.load(path, map_location="cpu", weights_only=False)
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)
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out = sample(model.eval(), batch=2, length=64,
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mask_token_id=config.vocab_size - 1, steps=64)
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print(out.tokens.shape, "NFE:", out.nfe)
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```
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## Intended use
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Research and demonstration of masked diffusion language modelling: studying the
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NFE-quality tradeoff, comparing sampling strategies, and as a fixture for
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inference-serving work.
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## Limitations
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- **Small and undertrained.** 55,543,634 parameters and roughly
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3,932,160,000 tokens. It captures vocabulary and local phrasing, not
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long-range coherence or factual grounding.
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- **Unconditional.** There is no prompt input; it generates from an all-`[MASK]`
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sequence. Prompt-conditioned infilling is a natural extension the architecture
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supports but this release does not implement.
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- **No alignment of any kind.** No instruction tuning, no safety filtering, no
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RLHF. Output may be offensive, false, or nonsensical.
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- **Inherits its corpus.** Trained on wikitext, and reproduces the biases and
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errors in it.
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Not suitable for production text generation, question answering, or any use where
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output correctness matters.
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@software{aether,
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author = {Gupta, Amey},
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title = {Aether: a production platform for masked diffusion language models},
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year = {2026},
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url = {https://github.com/ameyg910/aether}
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}
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```
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