---
license: apple-amlr
base_model:
- Qwen/Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507
tags:
- self-distillation
- code-generation
- ssd
library_name: transformers
---

# SSD-Qwen3-4B-Instruct

This model was produced using **Simple Self-Distillation (SSD)**, a method that improves code generation by fine-tuning a language model on its own sampled outputs—without rewards, verifiers, teacher models, or reinforcement learning.

- **Base model:** [Qwen/Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507)
- **Variant:** instruct
- **Self-distillation sampling:** temperature=1.6, top_p=0.8, top_k=20
- **Evaluation sampling:** temperature=1.1, top_p=0.8, top_k=20

## Method

SSD samples solutions from the base model using non-unit temperature and top-k/top-p truncation, then fine-tunes on those samples via standard supervised learning. Despite its simplicity, SSD yields large gains on competitive programming benchmarks, with improvements concentrating on harder problems. The mechanism traces to resolving a *precision–exploration conflict*: SSD reshapes token distributions in a context-dependent way so that a single global decoding configuration becomes far more effective at evaluation time.

## Results

LiveCodeBench (%)

| Model | LCBv6 pass@1 | LCBv6 pass@5 | LCBv5 pass@1 | LCBv5 pass@5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507 (base) | 34.0 | 41.0 | 34.3 | 45.4 |
| **+ SSD (this model)** | **41.5** (+7.5) | **56.8** (+15.8) | **45.7** (+11.4) | **61.9** (+16.5) |

## Paper

**Embarrassingly Simple Self-Distillation Improves Code Generation**

Ruixiang Zhang, Richard He Bai, Huangjie Zheng, Navdeep Jaitly, Ronan Collobert, Yizhe Zhang

## Usage

```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("apple/SSD-Qwen3-4B-Instruct")
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("apple/SSD-Qwen3-4B-Instruct")
```

## License

This model is released under the [Apple Machine Learning Research Model License](https://huggingface.co/apple/SSD-Qwen3-4B-Instruct/blob/main/LICENSE).