docs(readme): add README file
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README.md
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---
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language:
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- en
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- zh
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license: apache-2.0
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library_name: aria-engine
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tags:
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- gemma-4
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- quantized
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- per-channel-quantization
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- hadamard
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- on-device
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- edge
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- mobile
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- text-generation
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- instruction-tuned
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- embeddings
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pipeline_tag: text-generation
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datasets:
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- togethercomputer/RedPajama-Data-1T
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- EleutherAI/the_pile
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- bigcode/the-stack
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base_model: google/gemma-4-e2b-it
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model-index:
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- name: Gemma-4-E2B-IT (Aria Quant Bundle, q4)
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results:
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- task:
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type: text-generation
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name: Generation Consistency (vs FP16, method reference)
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metrics:
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- type: description
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value: "awaiting gen_quant_eval audit"
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---
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# Model Card for Gemma-4-E2B-IT (Aria Quant Bundle, q4)
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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Gemma-4-E2B-IT is a ~1.5-billion-parameter instruction-tuned multimodal language model developed by Google, part of the Gemma 4 family. Its text backbone features **hybrid attention** (27 of 35 layers sliding-window linear attention + 8 standard full-attention layers), **GeGLU activation**, **aggressive Grouped Query Attention (GQA, 1 KV head for 8 query heads)**, **per-layer input projections**, **double-wide MLP**, and **128K native context length**. Pre-trained on diverse web-scale corpora and aligned via instruction tuning + RLHF. This distribution is provided by **Aria Compute** as an **aria-quant-bundle** β a quantized package using **Hadamard pre-processing + uniform per-channel 4-bit quantization**. Optimized for **CPU-only, on-device inference** on mobile phones, edge devices, and single-board computers via the [Aria Engine](https://ariacompute.com) runtime. No GPU or cloud connection is required.
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- **Developed by:** Google
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- **Quantized and distributed by:** Aria Compute
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- **Model type:** Dense Transformer decoder-only (multimodal base: image/audio + text inputs, text outputs; this bundle ships the text backbone)
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- **Language(s):** English (primary), Chinese, and 30+ additional languages
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- **License:** Apache 2.0
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- **Finetuned from model:** [google/gemma-4-e2b-it](https://huggingface.co/google/gemma-4-e2b-it)
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### Model Sources
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- **Original Repository:** [google-gemma/gemma-4](https://github.com/google-gemma/gemma-4)
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- **Original Paper:** [Gemma 4 Technical Report](https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00000)
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- **Aria Compute Dashboard:** [ariacompute.com/dashboard/models](https://ariacompute.com/dashboard/models)
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- **Aria Engine:** [ariacompute.com](https://ariacompute.com)
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## Uses
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### Direct Use
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This quantized bundle is intended for **on-device, offline text-generation tasks** on resource-constrained hardware, including:
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- On-device chat and conversational assistants
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- Real-time text completion and basic code snippet generation
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- Instruction-following tasks for mobile and IoT applications
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- Lightweight text embeddings for on-device retrieval and classification
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- Short-form summarization of notifications, messages, and local content
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- Local document analysis up to 32K context (chunked)
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All inference runs **locally on CPU**. No data is sent to external servers.
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### Target Devices
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| Platform | Runtime Memory | Feasibility |
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|-------------------------------|----------------|-------------|
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| High-end smartphone (8 GB) | ~1.5 GB | β
Recommended |
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| Mid-range smartphone (4β6 GB) | ~1.5 GB | β
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| Budget phone (2β3 GB) | ~1.5 GB | β
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| Raspberry Pi 5 / SBC (4β8 GB) | ~1.5 GB | β
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| IoT gateway (1β2 GB) | ~1.5 GB | β οΈ Tight fit |
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| Wearable (1 GB) | ~1.5 GB | β |
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**Memory breakdown (q4, at 4K context):** ~1.0 GB quantized model weights (mmap) + ~40 MB KV cache + ~30 MB runtime overhead + ~30 MB per-channel metadata overhead β ~1.1 GB.
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> Note: KV cache is extremely compact thanks to aggressive GQA (1 KV head for 8 query heads) and hybrid attention β 27 of 35 layers use sliding-window attention (window 512, KV bounded by the window), so only the 8 full-attention layers scale KV with context. Combined with tie-word-embeddings, this keeps 128K context practical on ~1.1 GB-class devices.
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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- Long-form creative writing (>2K tokens per generation)
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- Mathematical theorem proving or formal verification
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- Full program/application synthesis
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- Multimodal input (image/audio encoding pipeline is pending audit for this quantized bundle β text-only in this release)
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- Real-time audio/speech processing (use Aria speech models)
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- Safety-critical decision systems without human oversight
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- Deployment in production when **batch inference** or **GPU acceleration** is required (this bundle targets CPU-only, single-prompt inference)
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- Tasks requiring factual precision beyond the model's ~1.5B parameter capacity
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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### Download from Aria Compute
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Authenticated dashboard users can download the bundle via: https://ariacompute.com/dashboard/models
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### Quantization Recipe
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This bundle uses a **per-channel** quantization recipe, one of several precision options in the Aria Compute lineup:
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| Component | Quantization Strategy | Details |
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|-----------|----------------------|---------|
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| Attention Q/K/V/O weights | 4-bit | Uniform per-channel codebooks, Hadamard pre-processing |
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| FFN gate/up/down weights | 4-bit | Uniform per-channel codebooks, Hadamard pre-processing |
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| RMSNorm weights | FP16 | Preserved at full precision |
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| Embedding table | FP16 | Preserved at full precision (tie_word_embeddings: true) |
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- **Bundle size:** ~1.0 GB (BF16 text backbone: ~3.1 GB)
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- **Generation quality:** Awaiting gen_quant_eval audit. The uniform 4-bit per-channel recipe is the smallest bundle in the Aria lineup β best for tight-memory devices at the cost of some quality. Per-channel codebooks preserve per-output-channel distribution characteristics. Formal quality benchmarks against FP16 and other Aria quant recipes are pending
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- **Calibration-free:** Hadamard pre-processing + per-channel quantization, no task-specific calibration data required
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- **Other precision options:** Also available for Gemma-4-E2B-IT: `gemma-4-e2b-it_q8_channel` (per-channel 8-bit, near-lossless) and `gemma-4-e2b-it_q326_channel` (mixed precision, attn 4-bit + FFN ~3-bit, recommended quality-size trade-off)
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## Model Architecture
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Gemma-4-E2B-IT's text backbone employs a **dense Transformer decoder** with **GeGLU activation**, **hybrid attention** (sliding-window linear attention + standard full attention), **aggressive GQA**, **per-layer input projections** (256-dim layer input β 1,536 hidden), and **double-wide MLP**:
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| Parameter | Gemma 4 E2B |
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|-----------|--------------|
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| Layers | **35** |
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| Hidden size | **1,536** |
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| Layer input size | **256** |
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| FFN intermediate size | **6,144** (double-wide MLP) |
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| Attention heads (Query) | **8** |
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| Attention heads (KV) | **1** (aggressive GQA) |
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| Head dimension | **256** (global 512) |
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| Full-attention layers | **8** |
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| Sliding-window layers | **27** |
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| Sliding window | **512** |
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| Activation | GeGLU (gelu_pytorch_tanh) |
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| Position encoding | RoPE (full-attn ΞΈ = 1,000,000, partial rotary 0.25; sliding ΞΈ = 10,000) |
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| Normalization | RMSNorm (pre-norm) |
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| Vocabulary size | 262,144 |
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| Max context length | **131,072** (128K) |
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**Design highlights (Gemma 4 family):**
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- **Hybrid attention:** 27/35 layers use sliding-window attention (window 512); 8/35 layers use standard full softmax attention β dense-attention KV cost is confined to a few layers
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- **Aggressive GQA:** 1 KV head serving 8 query heads (8Γ KV compression) β KV Cache memory is minimal, enabling 128K context on edge devices
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- **Double-wide MLP:** `use_double_wide_mlp: true` β FFN expands to 6,144 intermediate (β4Γ hidden), boosting capacity at modest parameter cost
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- **Per-layer input projections:** a 256-dim layer-input embedding is projected to the 1,536-dim hidden state at each layer β compact embedding table with shared layer-input processing
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- **GeGLU activation:** GELU with tanh approximation gating, efficient for on-device inference
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- **RoPE position encoding:** 1M base frequency for full-attention layers (partial rotary factor 0.25) with 10K base for sliding-window layers, supporting 128K context
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- **RMSNorm pre-normalization:** Lightweight normalization before each sub-layer
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- **Final logit softcapping:** Output logits capped at Β±30.0 for training stability
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- **Tied embeddings:** `tie_word_embeddings: true` β input and output embeddings share weights, reducing footprint
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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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### Limitations
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- **Reasoning depth:** Multi-step logical reasoning is limited for a 1.5B-class model. Verify outputs in high-stakes scenarios; consider larger Gemma 4 variants for reasoning tasks.
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- **Mathematics:** Simple arithmetic may be attempted but is unreliable. Advanced quantitative reasoning is out of scope. Use larger models for mathematical tasks.
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- **Code generation:** Capable of single-line completions and basic snippets; unreliable for multi-line code or structured programs.
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- **Factual knowledge:** Limited world knowledge due to ~1.5B parameter scale. Always verify factual claims against authoritative sources. This model is best suited for instruction-following and lightweight text processing rather than encyclopedic knowledge retrieval.
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- **Instruction following:** Handles simple single-constraint instructions. Complex multi-constraint prompts may cause degradation, especially at longer contexts.
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- **Quantization drift:** Uniform 4-bit per-channel quantization may exhibit noticeable generation drift versus FP16, especially on ambiguous or open-ended prompts. For higher fidelity, use `gemma-4-e2b-it_q326_channel` (mixed precision) or `gemma-4-e2b-it_q8_channel` (per-channel 8-bit).
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### Bias and Risks
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- **Bias:** As with all large language models trained on web-scale data, Gemma may reflect societal biases present in its training corpus. Evaluate outputs before deployment in sensitive domains (hiring, healthcare, law).
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- **Toxicity:** The instruction-tuned model has been safety-aligned with RLHF. However, no safety filter is exhaustive. Consider an additional output classifier in high-risk environments.
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- **Hallucination:** May generate plausible-sounding but factually incorrect information. Implement output verification for critical applications. Hallucination risk is elevated for smaller models due to limited memorization capacity.
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- **Dual-use risk:** Text-generation capabilities could be misused for spam, disinformation, or impersonation. Deploy responsibly and in accordance with the Apache 2.0 license terms.
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### Recommendations
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Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the above risks, biases, limitations, and constraints of the model. We recommend:
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- Adding a lightweight output safety classifier for user-facing deployments
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- Verifying factual claims with external knowledge bases
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- Not using the model for high-stakes decisions without human review
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- Considering larger Gemma 4 variants for tasks requiring stronger reasoning or factual recall
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