| Chronic pleurisy..... | 1 | Fever, typhus..... | 5 |
| Chronic dysentery..... | 18 | Fever, scarlet..... | 1 |
| Chronic disease of heart..... | 1 | Fever, spotted..... | 3 |
| Chronic rheumatism..... | 2 | Gangrene..... | 32 |
| Congestion of lungs..... | 7 | Gastritis, acute, &c..... | 7 |
| Congestion of brain..... | 6 | Gastro enteritis..... | 1 |
| Congestive chills..... | 4 | Hemorrhage, &c..... | 16 |
| Concussion of brain..... | 1 | Hemorrhage of bowels..... | 2 |
| Contusio..... | 3 | Hanging..... | 1 |
| Compound fracture of leg..... | 5 | Hemiplegia..... | 2 |
| Compound fracture of arm..... | 1 | Hepatitis..... | 3 |
| Compound fracture of femur..... | 3 | Hepatitis, acute, &c..... | 1 |
| Coup de soliel..... | 4 | Hepatic disease..... | 2 |
| Colligative diarrhoea..... | 1 | Hydrothorax..... | 2 |
| Convulsions..... | 1 | Hemoptysis..... | 6 |
| Consumption..... | 9 | Hernia..... | 1 |
| Colic..... | 2 | Injuries..... | 9 |
| Cynanche..... | 1 | Ictus solus..... | 1 |
| Compression of brain..... | 2 | Inflammation of brain..... | 14 |
| Cholera..... | 1 | Inflammation of lungs..... | 18 |
| Cholera morbus..... | 5 | Inflammation of bowels..... | 9 |
| Chorea..... | 1 | Inflammation of windpipe..... | 1 |
| Drowned..... | 14 | Inflammation of liver..... | 2 |
| Dextral hydrocele..... | 1 | Icerus..... | 2 |
| Diarrhoea, acute, &c..... | 100 | Icterus..... | 1 |
| Debility, general, &c..... | 25 | Intersusceptis..... | 2 |
| Diptheria..... | 13 | Idropathic abscess of thigh..... | 1 |
| Dysentery, acute, &c..... | 63 | Inebriation..... | 2 |
| Diarrhoea, hemorrhoid..... | 1 | Jaundice..... | 7 |
| Dropsy..... | 3 | Killed in battle..... | 2 |
| Dropsy of heart..... | 13 | Kicked by mule..... | 1 |
| Dyspepsia..... | 3 | Laryngitis..... | 3 |
| Delirium tremens..... | 6 | Laryngitis cynanche..... | 1 |
| Epilepsy..... | 2 | Lightning..... | 3 |
| Enterites gastro, &c..... | 8 | Lumbar abscess..... | 1 |
| Exhaustion..... | 195 | Murdered..... | 6 |
| Erysipelas..... | 38 | Measles..... | 9 |
| Endocardites..... | 4 | Marasmus..... | 1 |
| Empyæmia..... | 1 | Meningitis..... | 6 |
| Exposure and drink..... | 2 | Mucus dysentery..... | 1 |
| Exposure and diarrhoea..... | 1 | Nostalgia..... | 2 |
| Exposure and typhoid fever..... | 1 | Nephritis..... | 3 |
| Encephalites..... | 1 | Œdema of glottis..... | 1 |
| Effects of bad whiskey..... | 1 | Organic disease of heart..... | 1 |
| Exsection head of femur..... | 1 | Obstruction of tricuspid valves..... | 1 |
| Exasticulation (R) humerus..... | 1 | Œsophagismus..... | 1 |
| Emacination..... | 1 | Pyæmia..... | 80 |
| Effusion..... | 1 | Pneumonia, double, &c..... | 187 |
| Fractures..... | 11 | Prostration..... | 1 |
| Fracture of femur..... | 1 | Pulmonary congestion..... | 3 |
| Fracture of skull..... | 2 | Pulmonalis..... | 1 |
| Frozen feet..... | 2 | Phthisis pulmonalis..... | 63 |
| Found dead..... | 1 | Phthisis pulmonalis..... | 14 |
| Fever..... | 15 | Peritonitis..... | 9 |
| Fever, bilious..... | 6 | Pericarditis..... | 6 |
| Fever, remittent..... | 4 | Pleuro pneumonia..... | 11 |
| Fever, brain..... | 1 | Purpura..... | 1 |
| Fever, typhoid..... | 502 | Paralysis..... | 1 |
| Fever, typhoid malarial..... | 59 | Pleurisy..... | 9 |
| Fever, typhoid remittent..... | 1 | Paraplegia..... | 2 |
| Fever fraumatic..... | 3 | Poisoned..... | 5 |
| Fever, intermittent..... | 11 | Pleuritis..... | 2 |
| Fever, remittent..... | 25 | Partial paralysis..... | 1 |
| Fever, congestive intermittent..... | 1 | Phlegmanous erysipelas..... | 2 |
| Fever, continued..... | 4 | Pelvic abscess..... | 1 |
| Fever, malarial..... | 2 | Perpotation of bowels..... | 1 |
| Fever, congestive..... | 14 | Phlebitis..... | 1 |
| Fever, enteric..... | 6 | Periosties, chronic..... | 1 |
+
+[^inferred]: Marked text was read from the page image or inferred by a model, not taken from the document's own text. See truedoc.inferred in the front matter.
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+
+CAUSES OF DEATH—Continued.
+
+Pistol shot 1 Shot by citizen 1 Resection 2 Typhoid pneumonia 29 Resection of humerus 1 Typhoid diarrhoea 1 Rheumatism, acute, &c 7 Tuberculosis 3 Rubicola 23 Tenatus 2 Rupture 3 Tenatus traumatic 1 Suicide 5 Tebes mesenterica 2 Softening of brain 2 Tonsilitis 1 Stabbed 2 Unknown contrabands 1,546 Syphilis 3 Ulcers 2 Shell wounds 7 Ulceration of bowels 1 Scorbutus 1 Variola 14 Scrofula 1 Variola descrita 1 Scurvy 1 Variola confluenta 18 Sun stroke 2 Variola glossites 1 Syncope 1 Variola nigra 2 Spinal meningitis 1 Vulpula, disease of heart 2 Scarlatina 1 Vulnus selopt 708 Scarlatina anguinosia 1 Wounds 6 Scarlatina maligna 1 Wound of head 2 Strangulated hernia 1 Wound of flesh 2 Sciatica 1
+
+PLACES OF DEATH.
+
+Armory hospital 455 Home Sanitary commission 10 Angus hospital 25 Judiciary hospital 169 Butterfield hospital 3 Kalorama hospital 42 Columbian hospital 68 Lincoln hospital 476 Carver hospital 234 Lincoln barracks 2 Campbell hospital 143 Mount Pleasant hospital 207 Camp Stoneman hospital 14 Old Capitol prison 12 Camp Barry hospital 18 On furlough 17 Capitol Hill barracks 6 Potomac river 10 Cliffbourne barracks 6 Quartermaster hospital 76 Douglas hospital 182 Ricoid hospital 3 Emory hospital 174 Regimental hospital 195 Engineer depot 38 Stanton hospital 80 Finley hospital 116 Stone hospital 23 Fry barracks 11 Sherburn barracks 5 F street barracks 2 Soldiers' rest 3 Forts 129 Seminary hospital 7 Field hospitals 27 Wisewell barracks 2 Geisboro' hospital 58 Washington and D.C. 101 Harewood hospital 286 Contrabands 1,546 Total 4,981
+
+True copy.
+
+JOHN V. FUREY.
+Captain and Assistant Quartermaster.
+
+ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTER'S OFFICE,
+Depot of Washington, Washington, D. C., July 1, 1865.
+
+GENERAL: In accordance with Special Orders No. 132, Headquarters Middle Military Division, Washington, D. C., June 7, 1865, I have the honor to report as follows:
+
+On the evening of June 8 I left Washington, D. C., for Belle Plain, where I joined Colonel Bird, of the 1st regiment 1st army corps, and proceeded to the battle-fields of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania Court House for the purpose
+
+of superintending the interments of the remains of Union soldiers yet unburied, and marking their burial-places for future identification.
+
+This work was commenced on the 12th, and completed on the 24th of that month. Careful search was made over the above-mentioned battle-fields, and the remains of all soldiers, both Union and rebel, interred, and headboards, with name, rank, and regiment, placed at each grave (with some exceptions in cases of rebels) when it was possible to identify the deceased. The words "Unknown United States soldiers, killed May 10, 1864," on a neat tablet, mark the remains of our own soldiers that could not be identified.
+
+On the battle-ground of the Wilderness two cemeteries were laid out, enclosed by a paling fence. Cemetery No. 1 is on the Orange Court House turnpike, about two miles from the Wilderness tavern, and contains the remains of one hundred and eight men. Cemetery No. 2 is on the Orange Court House plank road, about two and a half miles from the junction of the Orange Court House turnpike, and contains the remains of five hundred and thirty-four men.
+
+The sites are well adapted for the resting-place of those who fell in the vicinity, having been selected where the scenes of carnage appeared to be the greatest. It was no unusual occurrence to observe the bones of our men close to the abatis of the enemy; and in one case several skeletons of our soldiers were found in their trenches. The bones of these men were gathered from the ground where they fell, having never been interred, and by exposure to the weather for more than a year all traces of their identity were entirely obliterated.
+
+On the battle-field of Spottsylvania but few men were found unburied, many of them having been interred by a Mr. Sandford, who resides at Spottsylvania Court House, in compliance with an agreement to that effect with General Sherman while on his march to Washington city. Over seven hundred names were found on this battle-field, and tablets erected in memory of the deceased.
+
+It was my intention to remove those partly buried to a suitable site for a cemetery; but the weather being exceedingly warm, and the unpleasant odor from decayed animal matter so great as to make the removal impracticable. They were, however, carefully re-covered with earth and entirely hidden from view.
+
+Hundreds of graves on these battle-fields are without any marks whatever to distinguish them, and so covered with foliage that the visitor will be unable to find the last resting-places of those who have fallen until the rains and snows of winter wash from the surface the light covering of earth and expose their remains.
+
+The accompanying list embraces the names of officers and men to whose graves headboards have been erected.
+
+I am, general, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
+
+JAS. M. MOORE,
+
+Captain and Assistant Quartermaster United States Army.
+
+Brevet Major General M. C. MEIGS,
+Quartermaster General U. S. A., Washington, D. C.
+
+Graves of Union prisoners at Andersonville.—Report of Captain Moore.
+
+WASHINGTON, Wednesday, October 18, 1865.
+
+The following report of Captain J. M. Moore, assistant quartermaster, who was sent to Andersonville, Ga., to mark the graves of Union prisoners for future identification, contains valuable information, in which the people are interested, and will, doubtless, be appreciated by the relatives and friends of those who have given their lives to their country:
+
+[^inferred]: Marked text was read from the page image or inferred by a model, not taken from the document's own text. See truedoc.inferred in the front matter.
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+
+The Alpha.
+
+ENTERED AT THE POST-OFFICE AT WASHINGTON, D. C., AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER.
+
+Human Rights before all Laws and Constitutions.—Gerrit Smith.
+The Divine Right of Every Child to be Well Born.
+
+VOL. VI.
+
+WASHINGTON, D. C., JUNE 1, 1881.
+
+NO. 10.
+
+PARENTAL LEGACIES.
+
+A PAPER READ BEFORE THE INSTITUTE OF HEREDITY, CONVENED IN BOSTON, MAY 25, 1881.
+
+CAROLINE B. WINSLOW, M. D.
+
+To a toil-worn reformer this goodly meeting is truly a most cheering event—a green oasis in a vast desert of perversion, ignorance and hap-hazard discord. That ere the close of the nineteenth century, this congregation of philanthropists and reformers, men and women have met, to take counsel one of another and solemnly consider the most wise and legitimate methods of improving our common humanity, the most reasonable means whereby the world may become healthier, happier, purer, truer, through a knowledge of the laws of hereditary transmission.
+
+Heredity means (according to Webster) descended by inheritance, ancestral, patrimonial, inheritable. But to use a more familiar definition, "The science that treats of the transmission of physical, mental and moral traits to descendants."
+
+Many sided and perplexing as is a successful study of our subject, with its centuries of accumulated crookedness and mystery, we believe, with the aid of inspiration and the light of science, human intelligence and beneficence will be found competent to unravel this tangled mass of evidence and patiently arrange into order, testimony of the most valuable character, and evolve lessons of wisdom that will essentially advance the interests of the human race. Of course we are only seed sowers, and can only work with the implements and materials produced by our generation. We must begin with those already born and those that will be born in our day. It will be a vast benefit to posterity if we can so enlighten the rising generation that they will realize the necessity of studying their own patrimony, and that of the one they propose selecting for life companionship. If only this is accomplished the tide of human wisdom will have turned its efforts in the right direction and the opportunity for developing the most sublime traits of human characters will be afforded. For I predict our coming heroes will not be battle-stained and blood-stained men with maimed and crippled bodies, but men and women who will be canonized for their self-renunciation and the wise ordering of their lives for the good of others, for good works, diligence and skill.
+
+Self-conquest will be an achievement recognized and honored by all men, and will become the power
+
+which shall marshal their hosts against such spiritual enemies as tyranny, selfishness, ignorance and lust.
+
+With such noble ends to be accomplished we look with great interest and solicitude to this new departure, this Institute of Heredity, and inquire what are the methods and plans by which such desirable results will be brought about?
+
+If, by familiarity with our inherited traits and an inventory of possibilities, aught is discovered that cannot be satisfactorily transmitted to prove a joy and blessing to progeny, individual responsibility will be so patent that an irremediable defeat will settle the question of parentage at once, and an heroic resolution taken that their plague-spot shall die off from the face of the earth and be known no more forever. But if by knowledge of the laws governing development and a wise application of the law of selection, whereby the virtues and defects of contemplated partners may complement each other, with the sustaining praise and stimulating joy of establishing a new grade that shall lead to a desirable pedigree, and doing one's best toward redeeming the mistakes and blunders of the past, the results cannot fail of being most happy.
+
+When fathers and mothers become as solicitous for the mental and moral qualities they leave behind them as they do of houses and lands, government bonds, promissory notes, articles of virtu, and other worldly and perishable possessions; when they strive to bequeath such priceless treasures as a healthy physique and well developed brain to their heirs, "the last will and testament" of progenitors will be less liable to litigation, legacies will be of more permanent value, and become objects of profound veneration. The spendthrift will not forget the sacredness of his inheritance; the man or woman tempted by appetite will possess a double incentive to resistance. That rich, pure blood, may be transmitted untainted by any voluntary self-indulgence, and what of taint or discord we detect in ourselves will become a life-work to eradicate and conquer by the persevering observance of physical and moral hygiene; that only grace, health, and beauty be handed down to crown with joy the lives of coming ages of men. Then the unfortunate victim of malformation, of feeble intellectual and moral sense, with scrofula, syphilis, or insanity poisoning his blood, will be looked after and cared for by legal but humane authority, and will not be permitted to transmit his curse to posterity. The restraint imposed by legal enactment, reason and conscience, will be the tender but effectual means used to check this class
+
+1881-2 Please anchor
+
+[^inferred]: Marked text was read from the page image or inferred by a model, not taken from the document's own text. See truedoc.inferred in the front matter.
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+
+Personal and confidential.
+
+209 East Capitol Street,
+Washington, D. C. May 22, 1914.
+
+Hon. Theodore Roosevelt,
+
+Oyster Bay, New York.
+
+Dear Sir:-
+
+Ack 5/22/14.
+
+I am a Democrat, and have voted the straight Democratic ticket for more that 45 years, or from Greeley to Wilson, but it is my deliberate judgment that you will be the next man, if you keep your health, to be elected President of the United States. It is in the air, and he who runs can see, hear and feel it. I attended the meeting of Judge Lindsey and the Colorado women last night at the Armory on G street in this city. The meeting was an exceedingly large and enthusiastic one and ran from 8 P.M. until midnight. But one thing struck me particularly, and that was the way the mention of your name in connection with your settlement, and the way it was done of the Pennsylvania coal strike, was received. The speaker had referred in complimentary terms to President Wilson, but expressed a doubt as to whether or not he possessed the necessary amount of nerve and red blood to handle the Colorado strike situation, and then said that if you were President it would be settled and settled quickly and satisfactorily. At this point in his speech the crowd broke loose in the wildest cheers which lasted for fully a minute. It was not altogether a revelation to me, but it did show that your name was still the one great name to conjure with, and that the eyes of all the foes of Democracy were fixed upon you as the one man around which the opposition to the present administration of national affairs was rallying for the Presidential battle of 1916. I tell you this, for the reason that the papers of Washington do not mention it, but which was one of the most distinctive incidents of this really great meeting.
+
+Very truly yours,
+Henry C. Bell
+
+[^inferred]: Marked text was read from the page image or inferred by a model, not taken from the document's own text. See truedoc.inferred in the front matter.
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+
+of population. For it will be considered "a sin to entail crime upon society, and equally a sin to make one's house a sepulcher, full of death and blight."
+
+There has recently come to our knowledge a family of eight idiots, all grown to men's estate, with stalwart bodies, but not sufficient mental calibre to care for their personal wants any better than in early childhood. Their father and mother are cousins. With the habits common to ignorant people, blood poisoned with whisky and tobacco, the tissues of the body built up on pork and corn; is it surprising that these old people are utterly discouraged in their poverty and the failure of all the objects of life? Would not legislation that would have interfered in preventing the marriage of such persons, or after their marriage, have interposed its beneficent restraints to have prevented these eight crimes from burdening the world have been wise and timely?
+
+“This is the class that are damned into the world, not born.” “It becomes the duty of scientists and reformers to see to it that this class of parasites do not drain the life of the parent tree.”
+
+Such are the penalties and disappointments that result from a life of ignorant sensuality and irresponsibility in many families. This may be considered an extreme case. But do we not see such results in a degree all around us? How often do we hear of good men, ministers of the Gospel and devout Christians, having wild, vicious sons and unreliable daughters, and how often is the question asked, "Why should such God-fearing families be so afflicted?"
+
+A great stride forward will have been taken when the religious and secular mind shall have been disabused of the popular error that God creates every child that is born, calls him forth into life by the fiat of His will. Here human responsibility is ignored by the masses and Divine Providence becomes the scape-goat for our sins and shortcomings. But this immunity does not extend to the breeding and improving of domestic animals. The farmer and stock raiser knows to a certainty that if he wishes fine cattle and spirited horses he must be wise in selection, careful to supply nutritious and abundant food and provide just enough exercise to insure the health and vigor of the female.
+
+This point is aptly illustrated by a correspondent in a recent number of the Woman's Journal. The writer, a wife and mother, is over-burdened by housekeeping and the care of her little children; her husband stupidly oblivious of the fact. She says: "Once we were riding; at the foot of a hill he told me to get out and walk up as his mare would foal in July. My baby would be born in August."
+
+He remembered to be kind to his horse and care for his colt in embryo. He knew his responsibility there, but he had no thought for his own child. I fear this is not an unusual case, for, alas, it is the experience of many wives. Another one writes: "I have no money only what I can get on the sly." Meaning if she could find small coin in her husband's pocket she would take it, if she thought he would not miss it. His children will inevitably be sly and thievish. But he feels no responsibility in the matter. They are God's children not his.
+
+It would make a vast difference in that man's conduct, and still more in the character of his children, if he believed himself to be a free moral agent in this matter of generation, and while holding the balance of power is largely responsible for the endowment of his children. "As he sows so shall he reap."
+
+We are told that God wills the salvation of all souls, but he cannot and will not save souls without human help.
+
+This knowledge will mark a new era in the history of human progress and reform. Men will select their wives for their vigorous health, their moral and spiritual tendencies by inheritance and the effect of personal habits of life, and the probable result to their children from combination with their own peculiarities; before they dare jeopardize the welfare of offspring, who are so helplessly dependent upon their ancestors not only for the breath of life, but for qualities that will make their lives desirable, not an intolerable burden to themselves and society; that will endow them regally, not impoverish them with discord and disease; crown them with transcendent talent, not blast them with idiocy.
+
+When this great day shall have dawned upon the children of men, the work of the church—Christ's church on earth—will not be the expounding of doctrine, calling upon men to save their souls by sprinkling or emersion, while they despise and neglect their bodies, but shall be the healing of the great leprosies of society, the cleansing of sensuous lives, the diminution of criminal classes, the care and education of youth by every elevating and salutary influence. Teachers and preachers must begin by casting out their own selfishness and cultivating virtue and purity in their souls, and so manifest it in their lives that from them will emanate an attractive radiance that will draw the sin-sick and heart weary unto them, to heal and bless. They must recognize physical law to be as divine and immutable as spiritual law, and impress up the minds they would direct that there can be no real virtue except when manifested through a healthy body. Therefore the attainment and preservation of physical health becomes a cardinal virtue. And above all must we steadfastly live our principles of beneficence and purity if we expect to do good to others. Especially must we live lives of sexual holiness and pure continence except for procreation, whether married or single. Sexual abuses are the great sins of our day. The social ulcer, the cancer at the heart that is draining our strength, consuming our life and vital force, defrauding little children and the cause of the increase of crime, disease, premature death and all the sorrows that blast our lives and go to make up its wastes and burdens.
+
+False teachers have proclaimed the doctrine of physical necessity," have wailed about "sexual starvation" and "over-population." Medical teachers and physicians have recommended marriage or concubinage as a specific for sexual diseases. All manner of protections and prevention to conceptions, with foeticide, (which often means suicide,) have been devised. Some have even professed consecration of sexuality, which proves to be another name for sensual indulgence without procreation, but to me they are all false teachers, false prophets, that cry "peace, peace, when there is no peace."
+
+They all lead to the same results—disgust, loathing, disease. The desecration of the God-like creative power and sacred sexual function creates a perfect pandemonium in the soul. Of it are born satiety, disgust, jealousies, contentions, nervousness, disease, and death of all that makes life sweet and desirable. Thus is Milton's allegory of the fallen angel re-enacted in our hearts and by nearly every family in the land.
+
+In this condition children are too often conceived, added to the rebellion of the wife against the injustice of enforced maternity, and the plotting against, or at least the desire to destroy the embryo. What wonder that we are overrun with criminals of every shade and degree, God's likeness transformed into demoniacal distortions, and the world burdened with the support of jails, penitentiaries, reformatories, insane, deaf, mute, blind and idiot asylums, with a gibbet in every township.
+
+All these disasters follow the desecration and profanation of the most sacred function with which we are crowned. The creative power, in combination with reason, allies us more closely to an Infinite Creator than any other gift. Every infringement of the law of continence for sensual purposes to an enlightened conscience brings its own shame, debasement, and contrition.
+
+Let no one say "this standard is too high;" that "it is not possible of attainment." I assure you it is. Many families are this day trying this method of living. And they report themselves as being happier and healthier, more loving and cheerful than before.
+
+We cannot recognize the necessity of physical expression of the sexual nature save for its legitimate and creative function. Unlike the natural physical instincts which demand food, shelter, warmth and clothing, which are necessary for the renovation of the blood and building up the waste tissues, and the growth and health of our bodies, this is under the control of our emotional nature, and should be dominated by our reason and will power, as every expression of it reduces vitality and wastes life force. No man or woman in health and symmetrically developed has any desires, but through the imagination or sympathy. Like the shedding of tears, health or happiness would not be impaired by years of abstinence, but like weeping, indulgence always depresses nervous energy.
+
+This doctrine of continence is the stone which all social reformers have rejected or neglected. I now present it as the chief corner-stone of the Institute of Heredity. If accepted, it will set the institute on a firm, enduring base. Storms or floods, winds or flame, nor the power of hell can never prevail against it, for it will stand upon a rock. Security and peace will dwell with wisdom within its borders, and none shall make afraid or soil its pure escutcheon with slander or evil passions. This is really the whole of salvation each soul must work out for himself.
+
+Brothers and sisters, I exhort you to present your bodies holy, acceptable to the Lord, which is your reasonable service.
+
+We should teach to others the truths we ourselves have learned.
+
+THE WOMEN'S NATIONAL RELIEF ASSOCIATION.
+
+In the autumn of 1880, plans, long considered by a few benevolently-minded women, culminated in the formation of the Women's National Relief Association, having its headquarters in Washington, D.C., the object of which is so to organize benevolent effort that the women of the nation, by concert of action, may have in readiness for any sudden or imperative necessity arising from conflagration or other disaster, epidemics, famine or war, such sanitary aid and material as the occasion calls for, and to insure their economical and equitable administration. It has also the present specific object of supplying without delay the United States Life-Saving Stations with beds, blankets, warm clothing, and other necessaries for the preservation and comfort of persons rescued from shipwreck.
+
+It is desired that auxiliary societies shall be formed in every State as soon as possible, in order that much needed supplementary aid may be rendered to the life-saving service during the ensuing year, and that as speedily as possible the organization may be in a condition for efficient work in the other directions alluded to.
+
+One hundred and ninety-six life-saving stations are established and sustained by Government. Though enough has been written of late to familiarize the public with the details of the service, probably few realize how arduous are its duties. The force employed does not admit of relief relays. The same men who patrol the beach must drag the life-saving apparatus for miles on the sandy beach, man the life-boat, carry on for hours the perilous work of rescue, and then, spent and exhausted themselves, work perhaps hours longer in preserving the lives they have saved.
+
+A crew frequently returns to the station, after the racking labors of a whole day or night, faint with hunger, cold, drenched through and through, cut or bruised, and spent with fatigue. They bear with them a wretched group of the rescued, sometimes with women and children in the number, livid, ragged, half naked, hurt, famished, wet and frozen. The station fire is out, or low; no food prepared; nothing ready; everything to be begun. The crews are so short handed that no one can be left to make ready for the home comers and their precious freight. The fire must be renewed, and the rescued made comfortable, with but little means to that end. There is a cot and blankets at each station for each man employed, and, as far as these will suffice, they are used for the wave-sent guests. The government supplies no clothing, but the surfmen gladly give their own only changes of dry apparel to replace the wet clothing of the rescued, themselves going wet for hours, and taking such rest as can be found on the hard boards around the station fire. Occasionally circumstances require that shipwrecked persons should be outfitted with clothing. A man came ashore from the wreck of the A.S. Davis with only the band of his shirt left on him by the raging, buffeting sea. Another was cast ashore without the vestige of a garment. One of the surfmen, from his own scanty store, supplied his wants. The Government makes no provision by which that surfman can be repaid. Is it enough that these poor
+
+[^inferred]: Marked text was read from the page image or inferred by a model, not taken from the document's own text. See truedoc.inferred in the front matter.
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+
+interchange is premeditated, as eloquence dictates, the muscular and magnetic influence of the will rivets the chain upon the heart of the hearer, who may be extremely attentive and charmed with what he hears without being a personification of love or wisdom. But raptures exert no healthful influence, unless the process which evolves them is strictly scientific in its bearings, and the true uses of life always include this characteristic.
+
+The riches of the universe are borne home triumphantly to the heart of the philanthropist without the wish to revel in the delight which is the consequence. The happy miner of investigation who finds jewels of inestimable value upon the point of his spade, hugs not himself with swinish delight, it is to be hoped, because the avails will enable him to gorge his senses with intoxicating pleasure, of no exalted nature, but he feels that such gems contain the fairy mystery which under his auspices will beautify his own neighborhood, give employment and relief to the poor, and the thrill of holy delight which permeates his whole frame arises from the fact that his own nature contains a happy mingling of love and wisdom in such divine proportions that the whole world can reap some benefit from his manly and benevolent exertions.
+
+I humbly think that the highest raptures will come to us in moments when least expected, and devotion to the loved one is best shown by contributing to his highest good.
+
+Raptures of all descriptions are only attendants of surpassing loveliness, who wait upon duty as the dew of labor pours from her noble brow.
+
+The best happiness of the heart is like the music of the well-tuned lyre, the perfume of the rose, the purple light of the evening cloud. But when emotional cravings break up or become the whole business of existence, the harmony of our being loses its best significance, and, as a great writer remarks, life ceases to retain its noblest energies, and "passes languidly into destructive and unmeaning dreams of rapture and anguish."
+
+ALHAZA CROFT.
+
+HEREDITY, HOW OPPOSED.
+
+The doctrine of heredity, so ably argued in late numbers of THE ALPHA, deserves further notice of the hindrances of its acceptance. I essay to discharge the office.
+
+The hindrances might be compressed in one—the ready acceptance of the cheap, the superficial, the pretentious; or we may specify two principal forms of the same tendency. One identifies baptism with regeneration, the sign is exalted into the thing signified, the sacramental water removes the stain and disabilities of inherited depravity. Consistently saints must be celibates. Children are forbidden to them who might most boldly claim the promise to them and to their children. Not more preposterous if a ranchman should restrain the choice of his flock and breed only from meaner cattle.
+
+Another portion of the Christian community ignores the law that the spiritual nurture of the child begins before its birth, or admits it only in its evil applications, as in case of the expectant mother indulging in irregular
+
+lar appetites or viler passions and transmitting to her offspring unwonted depravity in the same direction. The law should be recognized as equally available for good, as was found in case of Jeremiah, Isaiah and the Baptist, (Jer. i, 5; Is. xliv, 15; Luke i, 15.) Nothing exceptional here, all normal and to be expected, whenever it may be said of parents, "They were both rightous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless."—O. vi, 7. Despite the principles running through the Holy Writ, despite the teachings of science, philanthropy and common observation with a large portion of the Christian community, the beau ideal Christian begins life a heathen, goes astray as soon as he is born, speaking lies, though born of Christian parents, and perhaps dedicated to God in baptism, he is still accounted an alien till the revival comes along to effect his conversion.
+
+The utmost that parents are encouraged to hope is the early conversion of their children. Sanctification from or before birth is at most admitted a bare possibility, may be in rare cases; is not accepted as the normal and expected thing, and not expected is not realized. Under a ripened Christianity we shall not hear of the conversion, early or late, of children of Christian families. Children will be born with the germs of divine life implanted in them, to be quickened into activity. Indeed I believe that, to a hopeful extent, such is already the case, that of many Christians the practice is better than the theory, proving that a sanctified parentage assures a sanctified progeny, and that the reported conversion of children is rather the revivification of a principle afore imparted. W. W.
+
+“PUISSANCE OBLIGE.”
+
+Under the above title, the Cambridge Review of the 2d ult., in an article which well deserves attention, upon the duties of the strong towards the weak, says:
+
+“There exists in our community a class of persons to whom its teachings have as yet been very imperfectly applied—why, it would be hard to say, for whatever claims weakness has upon strength, they possess in a superlative degree. Mr. Lecky, in a flourish of sublime nonsense, has dubbed them ‘the priestesses of humanity,’ bearing, since some must bear it, the sin of the world. And who are these majestic priestesses? They are not women. They are children, women-children, at least when they first assume their sacred functions. Their are young girls in their teens, that is, of the age when our daughters and sisters have hardly got into ‘long dresses,’ when they are still at school, or in the school-room, when they prefer a circus or a pantomime—the babies!—to a party ‘where you have to be so proper, you know.’ Of such are the ‘priestesses of humanity.’
+
+“With this difference. That they have never had a father to romp with them, or a brother to protect them from a whisper of insult. That from the first, life has meant to them hard work, privation, severity, servitude. That for many of them—‘not so much born as damned into the world’—it has meant education in evil and encouragement, nay, compulsion to vice. That the happiest of them have not been sheltered from temptation;
+
+that the wisest of them are very ignorant and childish; that the richest of them are very poor.
+
+“And what have we done for our women-children? * * *
+
+“This is what we have done for the women-children, who might have been our own.
+
+“We have taught them that a first downward step is irretrievable, and stamps upon them a brand which nothing can efface. We have goaded them on to fresh evil with all the force of cruel contempt or frigid indifference. We have herded them together in one outcast class, without distinction of character or experience in sin. We have hardened them, often in periods incredibly short, unsexed them, made of them drunkards, blasphemers, tempters, fiends in human form. We have done this.
+
+“Even when we have had too much respect for womanhood and for ourselves, to heap fresh ignominy upon them, we have been responsible for their blood, inasmuch as we have stood aloof, and have deemed with a cynical apathy, or with the fastidious shrinking of a mistaken refinement, that their fate did not concern us.
+
+“‘Upon the soul of every individual amongst us did a portion of guilt rest, as long as the slave trade remained legal,’ said Coleridge, and as long as society's laws, whether sanctioned by act of Parliament or no, ordain a yearly holocaust of thousands of its weakest members, so long will their blood be upon the head of every responsible member of society.
+
+“Yet there is a change coming. There is on the horizon a cloud scarcely bigger than a man's hand which is destined to grow and grow till it overspreads the sky. It is the awakening of women to their responsibilities toward their young sisters. The truths that are dawning with irresistible but gradual force upon the reasoning minds of men have laid hold with a sudden fiery grip of the impassioned spirits of women, and caused the scales of age-long custom, the ‘stiffening crust’ of tradition to fall from their eyes. They are going forth to raise the newly-fallen, to melt the hardened with love, to wipe out a past of sickening horror in a future of hope and calm; they are moreover working socially for justice, for honesty, for a loftier purity, for the practical extension of the kingdom of Christ.”
+
+“Faust says :
+
+‘The Woman-Soul leadeth us
+Upward and on.’
+
+“Not that we are to get a woman to smuggle us into heaven when we are sick of our follies and sins; not that we are to do our religion and morality by deputy, admiring women's purity and goodness with sentimental wistfulness, and contenting ourselves, for our own part, with ‘half the virtues’; but that we are to defer to the weaker, to surrender to the needy and the oppressed, to do battle for the poor, to aspire with the pure in heart, to remember: ‘Puissance oblige.’”—The Shield.
+
+“SEXUAL ORGANISM AND ITS HEALTHFUL MANAGEMENT.”
+
+James C. Jackson, M. D., in his "Sexual Organism and its Healthful Management," in a chapter all ought
+
+to read, page 258, says: "I am satisfied, from a thorough study of the organic relation of the sexes, that the faculty of amativeness has a two-fold purpose, and should be always gratified by either sex from this point."
+
+But I am not "satisfied" that this is so, nor has the world ever had a fair chance to test the other side of theory. Men and women, like plants and animals, have gone on for millions, and perhaps billions of years increasing and multiplying whenever inclination and circumstances favored such a course. A few nunneries, cloisters and Shaker villages have made ascetic continence a religious rite and a martyrdom, but where are the societies who have tried pure, affectional, loving continence? Where can we find a community of men and women who have only had sexual commerce for purposes of procreation? and where are the generations that have had continent parents, grandparents, and great grandparents? Alas! echo answers where? And till we have just one such, this question will have been experimentally tested on one side only.
+
+Men plead for moderate indulgence, (saying that continence will produce a race of apathetic, dull, lifeless, pale, sad-looking people—sexless and soulless.) But how do they know? The few Alphaites who have lived continently speak in eulogies of its effects upon themselves and all they know to have tried it. It makes them kind, loving, charitable and unselfish, strong, vigorous and young, even as plants and trees are stronger, more vigorous and long-lived, when not allowed to produce fruit. It is an up-hill work, I will allow, this one of unteaching the old, and ingraining into the mind the new. Women, wine and feastings—next to wars—seemed to be the greatest luxuries of antiquity. Not woman as she should be—man's equal, his helper and his mother; but as his slave, his subject and his plaything—one who ministered unto and gave him pleasure. The Arabian Nights and Shakespeare, and all old-time books, and indeed, all novels, even of today, place this question of sex prominently before us as if it was first and foremost in all hearts. We shall need a newer and cleaner literature ere the world will become pure and clean. But if here and there one is saved; if here and there one ray of truth reaches a single mind, our labor will not be lost, and that this is being accomplished every mail that reaches me bears record. Broken-down and despairing wives, passion and lust-cursed children, and pale, nerveless and debilitated men, all send in sad and bitter testimonies as to the great need of the work Alphaism is endeavoring to do, and now and then comes a glad, jubilant song from a saved soul that cheers and encourages to more and better work in the future, and assures us that all is not seed sown on stony ground.
+
+“The time has come to preach soul;
+No meager shred—the manly whole;
+Let agitation come; who fears?
+We need a flood; the filth of years
+Has gathered round us. Roll then on;
+What cannot stand had best be gone.”
+
+ELMINA D. SLENKER.
+
+SNOWVILLE, PULASKI CO., VA.
+
+[^inferred]: Marked text was read from the page image or inferred by a model, not taken from the document's own text. See truedoc.inferred in the front matter.
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+
+LIST OF PAMPHLETS
+FOR SALE
+At the Office of THE ALPHA, No. 1 Grant Place
+Washington, D. C. :
+THE RELATION OF THE MATERNAL FUNC-
+TION TO THE WOMAN INTELLECT.
+BY AUGUSTA COOPER BRISBE.
+Price 10 cents.
+
+PLAIN, SOBER TALK ABOUT OUR SEXUAL NATURES.
+BY N. E. BOYD.
+Price 10 cents.
+
+PRE-NATAL CULTURE.
+BY A. E. NEWTON.
+
+This pamphlet of 67 pages contains scientific suggestions to parents relative to systematic methods of moulding the character of children before birth.
+Price 25 cents.
+
+THE RELATION OF THE SEXES.
+BY FREDERICK A. HINCKLEY.
+Price 10 cents.
+
+THE NEW LIFE.
+BY FREDERICK A. HINCKLEY.
+Price 10 cents.
+
+MOTHER TRUTH'S MELODIES.
+BY MRS. DR. E. P. MILLER.
+Price one dollar.
+
+FATHER'S ADVICE TO EVERY BOY
+AND
+MOTHER'S ADVICE TO EVERY GIRL.
+BY MRS. DR. E. P. MILLER.
+
+VITAL FORCE.
+BY DR. E. P. MILLER.
+Price 30 cents.
+
+CHRONIC AND NERVOUS DISEASES OF
+WOMEN.
+BY DR. ROSCH.
+Price 25 cents.
+
+THE DUTIES
+OF THE
+MEDICAL PROFESSION
+CONCERNING
+
+PROSTITUTION
+
+Being the Oration before the Maine Medical Association at its Annual Meeting, 12th of June, 1878.
+
+BY FREDERIC HENRY GERRISH, M. D.,
+Price 25 cents.
+
+MOTHERHOOD
+AND
+MOTHER'S AID.
+BY MRS. L. B. CHANDLER.
+Price 10 cents each.
+
+THE WOMAN QUESTION,
+
+BY ELIZA BURT GAMBLE,
+
+Is a pamphlet of 26 pages, written in a clear, logical style. The argument for the higher education and political equality with men is irrefutable, and claims the attention of all progressiv and philanthropic minds. On'y by the equality and emancipation of woman, can a race of noblemen inhabit the earth. Send for a copy.
+
+50 cents, 10 cents; 12 copies for \$1; \$9 per 100.
+
+A LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO THE TRADE.
+
+CANCER AT THE HEART;
+
+A DISCOURSE
+
+BY
+
+FREDERIC A. HINCKLEY,
+Resident Minister, Free Religious Society, Providence, Rhode Island.
+
+Price 10 cents
+For sale at—
+
+No. 1 Grant Place,
+Washington, D. C.
+
+THE MYSTERY, AND HIGHERTO AND BEYOND
+Two essays read before the Washington Moral Education Society.
+
+BY MRS. EVELYN L. MASON.
+
+These essays are the result of ten years' study of the religions of all nations and all ages, and shows how constant has been the effort to recognize the feminine element in religious worship, and just as they have succeeded has civilization advanced and each time the aggressive force of man has crushed the idea, humanity has fallen back into darkness and barbarism.
+
+Price 15 cents. For sale at the office of THE ALPHA, 1 Grant Place, Washington, D. C.
+
+THE BETTER WAY:
+AN
+Appeal to men in behalf of Human Culture
+through a wiser parentage.
+BY
+A. E. NEWTON.
+Price 25 cents. For sale at No. 1 Grant Place,
+Washington, D. C.
+
+THE WOMAN'S JOURNAL.
+A Weekly Newspaper, published every Saturday in Boston, devoted to the interests of Woman—to her educational, industrial, legal and political Equality, and especially to her right of Suffrage.
+LUCY STONE. Editor.
+
+T. W. HIGGINSON,......
+JULIA WARD HOWE,......
+MARY A. LIVERMORE,......
+H. B. BLACKWELL,......
+Editorial
+Contributors.
+
+Mrs. FRANCES D. GAGE,......
+Mrs. H. M. T. CUTLER,......
+Occasional Contributors.
+
+SUSIE C. VOGL, Advertising Manager.
+
+TERMS—\$2.50 a year, \$1.25 for six months, 65 cents for three months, in advance, 6 cents for single copy.
+
+This is the only weekly paper of the kind east of the Rocky Mountains. It furnishes a medium of communication for those interested in the various phases of the questions to which it is devoted, and hence is invaluable as a bond of union, and source of intelligence on its special topics.
+
+BOSTON OFFICE—No. 5 Park Street, where copies are for sale and subscriptions received.
+
+CLUB RATES—10 copies one year, \$20.00.
+
+Specimen copies sent on receipt of two cent stamp for postage
+
+BURNZ PHONIC SHORTHAND.
+
+THE VERY BEST.
+
+A complete Self-instructor in the latest and best mode of stenographic reporting.
+
+The text-book used in the famous Cooper Union short-hand classes.
+
+Sent, postpaid, for \$1.00.
+
+HELP FOR YOUNG REPORTERS.
+
+Containing full directions for taking and writing out short-hand notes, no matter what system is used.—Sent for 50 cents.
+
+Proof corrected for authors who desire their works issued in any form of simplified spelling, without new letters.
+
+BURNZ & CO.,
+
+PUBLISHERS AND DEALERS IN
+
+Fonographic and Fonetic works and Reporters' materials.
+24 Clinton Place, New York.
+
+THE TOBACCO VICE,
+WITH SUGGESTIONS HOW TO OVERCOME
+
+IT.
+
+BY HANNAH MCL. SHEPARD.
+
+Price 10 cents. For sale at No. 1 Grant Place,
+Washington, D. C.
+
+A PRIVATE LETTER
+TO PARENTS, PHYSICIANS AND MEN PRINCIPALS OF SCHOOLS.
+
+Price 10 cents.
+BY SAXON.
+
+A physiological treatise on sexual ethics and the conservation of the spermatic sections.
+
+ALPHA UNDERGARMENTS.
+
+Constructed in accordance with physiological principles, covering the body evenly from neck to waist and ankles—made from warm, soft and elastic fabric.
+
+Samples of material with price list sent by mail.
+
+Orders accompanied by cash will receive prompt attention.
+
+The garment for women is the result of careful study for years, and while the odd and peculiar construction of pockets in vest is acknowledged, that feature is earnestly presented as of great importance in the arrangement of sanitary clothing. For children's wear the "Alpha" is not surpassed by any garment in the market.
+
+ECRU ALPHA GARMENTS FOR SPRING AND SUMMER WEAR.
+
+Fabric—heavy and light English Lisle Thread; half bleached, which insures unusual durability in underwear of Summer grades.
+
+Delicate in texture, made to fit the figure perfectly, of excellent workmanship. An unusual opportunity to clothe the body lightly, comfortably and healthfully during warm weather.
+
+Address
+ALPHA MANUFACTURING CO.,
+Woburn, Mass.
+
+THE MORAL EDUCATION SOCIETY OF
+Washington will meet the last Saturday of each month at No. 27 Grant Place, and every Thursday afternoon at the same place, Jerusha G. Joy will be happy to meet any ladies informally that may be interested in Social Science or Moral Reform. All are invited.
+
+OFFICERS.
+Dr. CAROLINE R. WINSLOW. President.
+Mrs. ELLEN M. O'CONNOR,}
+Dr. SUSAN A. EDSON,}
+Vice Presidents.
+E. L. MASON.
+MARY E. HART. Rec. Secretary.
+ELLEN H. SHELDON. Cor. Secretary.
+JERUSHA G. JOY. Treasurer.
+RUTH C. DENISON. Auditor.
+
+GRACE ROBERTS, M. D.,
+
+204 FIFTH SREEET, S. E.,
+WASHINGTON, D. C.
+Office Hours: 8 to 11 a. m.; 4 to 6 p. m.
+
+SUSAN A EDSON, M. D.,
+
+NO. 1308 I STREET
+WASHINGTON, D. C.
+
+CAROLINE B. WINSLOW. M. D.,
+NO. 1 GRANT PLACE,
+WASHINGTON, D. C.
+Office hours: 9 a. m. to 12 m.
+
+[^inferred]: Marked text was read from the page image or inferred by a model, not taken from the document's own text. See truedoc.inferred in the front matter.