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| <link rel="modulepreload" href="/docs/audio-course/pr_239/ko/_app/immutable/chunks/CodeBlock.08bd3529.js"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_START --><meta name="hf:doc:metadata" content="{"title":"파이프라인을 이용한 오디오 분류","local":"audio-classification-with-a-pipeline","sections":[],"depth":1}"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_END --> <p></p> <div class="items-center shrink-0 min-w-[100px] max-sm:min-w-[50px] justify-end ml-auto flex" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; display: inline-flex; position: relative; z-index: 10;"><div class="inline-flex rounded-md max-sm:rounded-sm"><button class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 h-7 max-sm:h-7 px-2 max-sm:px-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-800 border border-r-0 rounded-l-md max-sm:rounded-l-sm border-gray-200 bg-white hover:shadow-inner dark:border-gray-850 dark:bg-gray-950 dark:text-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-800" aria-live="polite"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center rounded-md p-0.5 max-sm:p-0 hover:text-gray-800 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><svg class="sm:size-3.5 size-3" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg></span> <span>Copy page</span></button> <button class="inline-flex items-center justify-center w-6 max-sm:w-5 h-7 max-sm:h-7 disabled:pointer-events-none text-sm text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-white rounded-r-md max-sm:rounded-r-sm border border-l transition border-gray-200 bg-white hover:shadow-inner dark:border-gray-850 dark:bg-gray-950 dark:text-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-800" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open copy menu"><svg class="transition-transform text-gray-400 overflow-visible sm:size-3.5 size-3 rotate-0" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 12 7" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M1 1L6 6L11 1" stroke="currentColor"></path></svg></button></div> </div> <h1 class="relative group"><a id="audio-classification-with-a-pipeline" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#audio-classification-with-a-pipeline"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>파이프라인을 이용한 오디오 분류</span></h1> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1f5hdt5">오디오 분류는 녹음된 오디오 내용에 기반하여 하나 혹은 여러개의 레이블을 할당하는 작업입니다. 이 레이블은 음악, 음성, 노이즈 같은 카테고리에 해당할 수도 있고, 새소리나 차 엔진 소리처럼 더 구체적인 카테고리일 수도 있습니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1pbyuyc">인기 있는 오디오 트랜스포머 모델들이 세부적으로 어떻게 작동하는지, 커스텀 모델을 어떻게 파인튜닝하는지 등을 알아보기 전에 🤗 Transformers를 이용하여 단 몇줄의 코드만으로 사전학습된 모델을 오디오 분류에 쓰는 법을 알아봅시다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1oiet0d">이전 단원에서 사용했던 <a href="https://huggingface.co/datasets/PolyAI/minds14" rel="nofollow">MINDS-14</a> 데이터셋을 쓰겠습니다. 기억하시다시피, MINDS-14는 사람들이 인터넷뱅킹 시스템에 대해 전화로 여러 언어와 방언으로 묻는 것이 녹음돼있습니다. 각 녹음에는 <code>intent_class</code>가 있으며 이를 이용해 녹음들을 전화의 의도에 따라 분류할 수 있습니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-n7qc2f">파이프라인을 써보기 위해 이전과 마찬가지로 데이터의 <code>en-AU</code> 부분을 가져와 모델이 요구하는 16 kHz 샘플링 속도를 가지도록 업샘플링 해봅시다.</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> datasets <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> load_dataset | |
| <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> datasets <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Audio | |
| minds = load_dataset(<span class="hljs-string">"PolyAI/minds14"</span>, name=<span class="hljs-string">"en-AU"</span>, split=<span class="hljs-string">"train"</span>) | |
| minds = minds.cast_column(<span class="hljs-string">"audio"</span>, Audio(sampling_rate=<span class="hljs-number">16_000</span>))<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-oztqy5">🤗 Transformers의 <code>audio-classification</code> 파이프라인을 사용하면 녹음된 오디오를 클래스 집합으로 분류할 수 있습니다. | |
| 우리의 경우, MINDS-14 데이터셋의 의도 분류를 위해 파인튜닝된 모델이 필요합니다. 운좋게도, 바로 그럴때 쓰이는 모델이 허브에 있습니다! <code>pipeline()</code> 함수를 써서 이를 불러보겠습니다:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> transformers <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> pipeline | |
| classifier = pipeline( | |
| <span class="hljs-string">"audio-classification"</span>, | |
| model=<span class="hljs-string">"anton-l/xtreme_s_xlsr_300m_minds14"</span>, | |
| )<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-qdshyx">이 파이프라인은 오디오 데이터로 넘파이 배열을 요구합니다. 원시 오디오 데이터의 모든 전처리는 편리하게도 파이프라인이 해결해줍니다. 한 예를 봅시다:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->example = minds[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-c5buei">데이터셋의 구조를 기억하신다면, 원시 오디오 데이터가 <code>["audio"]["array"]</code> 아래에 넘파이 배열로 저장돼있는걸 기억하실겁니다. 그대로 <code>classifier</code>에 넘겨봅시다:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->classifier(example[<span class="hljs-string">"audio"</span>][<span class="hljs-string">"array"</span>])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1mvdyro"><strong>Output:</strong></p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->[ | |
| {<span class="hljs-string">"score"</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.9631525278091431</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"label"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"pay_bill"</span>}, | |
| {<span class="hljs-string">"score"</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.02819698303937912</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"label"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"freeze"</span>}, | |
| {<span class="hljs-string">"score"</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.0032787492964416742</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"label"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"card_issues"</span>}, | |
| {<span class="hljs-string">"score"</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.0019414445850998163</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"label"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"abroad"</span>}, | |
| {<span class="hljs-string">"score"</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.0008378693601116538</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"label"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"high_value_payment"</span>}, | |
| ]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-iw7pnk">모델은 전화하는 사람이 청구서의 지불 방법에 대해 묻고 있다고 매우 확신하고 있습니다. 실제 레이블은 어떤지 확인해봅시다:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->id2label = minds.features[<span class="hljs-string">"intent_class"</span>].int2str | |
| id2label(example[<span class="hljs-string">"intent_class"</span>])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1mvdyro"><strong>Output:</strong></p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-string">"pay_bill"</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-115np59">만세! 예측값이 맞았습니다! 운 좋게도 우리는 필요한 레이블을 정확하게 분류할 수 있는 모델을 찾을 수 있었습니다. 그러나 분류 작업을 다루는 많은 경우에는 사전학습된 모델의 클래스가 우리가 바라는 분류 클래스와 일치하지 않습니다. 이와 같은 경우, 여러분은 사전학습된 모델을 “보정(calibrate)“하여 여러분의 클래스 레이블에 맞출 수 있습니다. 이후 단원에서 이를 어떻게 하는지 배우게 됩니다. 이제 음성 처리에서 매우 일반적인 작업인 <em>자동 음성 인식</em>에 대해 살펴봅시다.</p> <a class="!text-gray-400 !no-underline text-sm flex items-center not-prose mt-4" href="https://github.com/huggingface/audio-transformers-course/blob/main/chapters/ko/chapter2/audio_classification_pipeline.mdx" target="_blank"><svg class="mr-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M31,16l-7,7l-1.41-1.41L28.17,16l-5.58-5.59L24,9l7,7z"></path><path d="M1,16l7-7l1.41,1.41L3.83,16l5.58,5.59L8,23l-7-7z"></path><path d="M12.419,25.484L17.639,6.552l1.932,0.518L14.351,26.002z"></path></svg> <span data-svelte-h="svelte-zjs2n5"><span class="underline">Update</span> on GitHub</span></a> <p></p> | |
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