Buckets:
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| <link rel="modulepreload" href="/docs/course/pr_1069/ru/_app/immutable/chunks/getInferenceSnippets.24b50994.js"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_START --><meta name="hf:doc:metadata" content="{"title":"Быстрые токенизаторы в QA конвейере","local":"fast-tokenizers-in-the-qa-pipeline","sections":[{"title":"Использование конвейера question-answering","local":"using-the-question-answering-pipeline","sections":[],"depth":2},{"title":"Использование модели для ответа на вопросы","local":"using-a-model-for-question-answering","sections":[],"depth":2},{"title":"Обработка длинных контекстов","local":"handling-long-contexts","sections":[],"depth":2}],"depth":1}"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_END --> <p></p> <div class="bg-white leading-none border border-gray-100 rounded-lg flex p-0.5 w-56 text-sm mb-4"><a class="flex justify-center flex-1 py-1.5 px-2.5 focus:outline-none !no-underline rounded-l bg-red-50 dark:bg-transparent text-red-600" href="?fw=pt"><svg class="mr-1.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><defs><clipPath id="a"><rect x="3.05" y="0.5" width="25.73" height="31" fill="none"></rect></clipPath></defs><g clip-path="url(#a)"><path d="M24.94,9.51a12.81,12.81,0,0,1,0,18.16,12.68,12.68,0,0,1-18,0,12.81,12.81,0,0,1,0-18.16l9-9V5l-.84.83-6,6a9.58,9.58,0,1,0,13.55,0ZM20.44,9a1.68,1.68,0,1,1,1.67-1.67A1.68,1.68,0,0,1,20.44,9Z" fill="#ee4c2c"></path></g></svg> Pytorch </a><a class="flex justify-center flex-1 py-1.5 px-2.5 focus:outline-none !no-underline rounded-r text-gray-500 filter grayscale" href="?fw=tf"><svg class="mr-1.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" width="0.94em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 274"><path d="M145.726 42.065v42.07l72.861 42.07v-42.07l-72.86-42.07zM0 84.135v42.07l36.43 21.03V105.17L0 84.135zm109.291 21.035l-36.43 21.034v126.2l36.43 21.035v-84.135l36.435 21.035v-42.07l-36.435-21.034V105.17z" fill="#E55B2D"></path><path d="M145.726 42.065L36.43 105.17v42.065l72.861-42.065v42.065l36.435-21.03v-84.14zM255.022 63.1l-36.435 21.035v42.07l36.435-21.035V63.1zm-72.865 84.135l-36.43 21.035v42.07l36.43-21.036v-42.07zm-36.43 63.104l-36.436-21.035v84.135l36.435-21.035V210.34z" fill="#ED8E24"></path><path d="M145.726 0L0 84.135l36.43 21.035l109.296-63.105l72.861 42.07L255.022 63.1L145.726 0zm0 126.204l-36.435 21.03l36.435 21.036l36.43-21.035l-36.43-21.03z" fill="#F8BF3C"></path></svg> TensorFlow </a></div> <h1 class="relative group"><a id="fast-tokenizers-in-the-qa-pipeline" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#fast-tokenizers-in-the-qa-pipeline"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>Быстрые токенизаторы в QA конвейере</span></h1> <div class="flex space-x-1 absolute z-10 right-0 top-0"><a href="https://discuss.huggingface.co/t/chapter-6-questions" target="_blank"><img alt="Ask a Question" class="!m-0" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Ask%20a%20question-ffcb4c.svg?logo=data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></a> <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/master/course/en/chapter6/section3b_pt.ipynb" target="_blank"><img alt="Open In Colab" class="!m-0" src="https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg"></a> <a href="https://studiolab.sagemaker.aws/import/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/master/course/en/chapter6/section3b_pt.ipynb" target="_blank"><img alt="Open In Studio Lab" class="!m-0" src="https://studiolab.sagemaker.aws/studiolab.svg"></a></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1mtrbpx">Теперь мы погрузимся в конвейер <code>question-answering</code> и посмотрим, как использовать смещения (offsets) для получения ответа на вопрос из контекста, подобно тому, как мы делали это для сгруппированных сущностей в предыдущем разделе. Затем мы посмотрим, как работать с очень длинными контекстами, которые в итоге будут обрезаны. Вы можете пропустить этот раздел, если вас не интересует задача ответа на вопрос.</p> <iframe class="w-full xl:w-4/6 h-80" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/_wxyB3j3mk4" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="using-the-question-answering-pipeline" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#using-the-question-answering-pipeline"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>Использование конвейера question-answering</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-6is037">Как мы видели в <a href="../chapter1/1">Главе 1</a>, для получения ответа на вопрос мы можем использовать конвейер <code>question-answering</code> следующим образом:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> transformers <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> pipeline | |
| question_answerer = pipeline(<span class="hljs-string">"question-answering"</span>) | |
| context = <span class="hljs-string">""" | |
| 🤗 Transformers is backed by the three most popular deep learning libraries — Jax, PyTorch, and TensorFlow — with a seamless integration | |
| between them. It's straightforward to train your models with one before loading them for inference with the other. | |
| """</span> | |
| question = <span class="hljs-string">"Which deep learning libraries back 🤗 Transformers?"</span> | |
| question_answerer(question=question, context=context)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->{<span class="hljs-string">'score'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.97773</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'start'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">78</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'end'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">105</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'answer'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Jax, PyTorch and TensorFlow'</span>}<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-tujhko">В отличие от других конвейеров, которые не могут обрезать и разбивать на части тексты, длина которых превышает максимально допустимую моделью (и поэтому могут пропустить информацию в конце документа), этот конвейер может работать с очень длинными контекстами и вернет ответ на вопрос, даже если он находится в конце:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->long_context = <span class="hljs-string">""" | |
| 🤗 Transformers: State of the Art NLP | |
| 🤗 Transformers provides thousands of pretrained models to perform tasks on texts such as classification, information extraction, | |
| question answering, summarization, translation, text generation and more in over 100 languages. | |
| Its aim is to make cutting-edge NLP easier to use for everyone. | |
| 🤗 Transformers provides APIs to quickly download and use those pretrained models on a given text, fine-tune them on your own datasets and | |
| then share them with the community on our model hub. At the same time, each python module defining an architecture is fully standalone and | |
| can be modified to enable quick research experiments. | |
| Why should I use transformers? | |
| 1. Easy-to-use state-of-the-art models: | |
| - High performance on NLU and NLG tasks. | |
| - Low barrier to entry for educators and practitioners. | |
| - Few user-facing abstractions with just three classes to learn. | |
| - A unified API for using all our pretrained models. | |
| - Lower compute costs, smaller carbon footprint: | |
| 2. Researchers can share trained models instead of always retraining. | |
| - Practitioners can reduce compute time and production costs. | |
| - Dozens of architectures with over 10,000 pretrained models, some in more than 100 languages. | |
| 3. Choose the right framework for every part of a model's lifetime: | |
| - Train state-of-the-art models in 3 lines of code. | |
| - Move a single model between TF2.0/PyTorch frameworks at will. | |
| - Seamlessly pick the right framework for training, evaluation and production. | |
| 4. Easily customize a model or an example to your needs: | |
| - We provide examples for each architecture to reproduce the results published by its original authors. | |
| - Model internals are exposed as consistently as possible. | |
| - Model files can be used independently of the library for quick experiments. | |
| 🤗 Transformers is backed by the three most popular deep learning libraries — Jax, PyTorch and TensorFlow — with a seamless integration | |
| between them. It's straightforward to train your models with one before loading them for inference with the other. | |
| """</span> | |
| question_answerer(question=question, context=long_context)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->{<span class="hljs-string">'score'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.97149</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'start'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1892</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'end'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1919</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'answer'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Jax, PyTorch and TensorFlow'</span>}<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-db8cci">Давайте посмотрим, как он справится со всем этим!</p> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="using-a-model-for-question-answering" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#using-a-model-for-question-answering"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>Использование модели для ответа на вопросы</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-12lmj6m">Как и в любом другом конвейере, мы начинаем с токенизации входных данных, а затем отправляем их через модель. По умолчанию для конвейера <code>question-answering</code> используется контрольная точка <a href="https://huggingface.co/distilbert-base-cased-distilled-squad" rel="nofollow"><code>distilbert-base-cased-distilled-squad</code></a> (слово “squad” в названии происходит от набора данных, на котором дообучили модель; подробнее о наборе данных SQuAD мы поговорим в <a href="../chapter7/7">главе 7</a>):</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> transformers <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForQuestionAnswering | |
| model_checkpoint = <span class="hljs-string">"distilbert-base-cased-distilled-squad"</span> | |
| tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_checkpoint) | |
| model = AutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained(model_checkpoint) | |
| inputs = tokenizer(question, context, return_tensors=<span class="hljs-string">"pt"</span>) | |
| outputs = model(**inputs)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1hcvc88">Обратите внимание, что мы токенизируем вопрос и контекст как пару, причем вопрос стоит первым.</p> <div class="flex justify-center" data-svelte-h="svelte-47wedv"><img class="block dark:hidden" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter6/question_tokens.svg" alt="An example of tokenization of question and context"> <img class="hidden dark:block" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter6/question_tokens-dark.svg" alt="An example of tokenization of question and context"></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-12ycmmo">Модели для ответов на вопросы работают немного иначе, чем модели, которые мы рассматривали до сих пор. На примере картинки выше модель была обучена предсказывать индекс токена, с которого начинается ответ (здесь 21), и индекс токена, на котором ответ заканчивается (здесь 24). Вот почему эти модели возвращают не один тензор логитов, а два: один для логитов, соответствующих начальному токену ответа, и один для логитов, соответствующих конечному токену ответа. Поскольку в данном случае у нас только один вход, содержащий 66 токенов, мы получаем:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->start_logits = outputs.start_logits | |
| end_logits = outputs.end_logits | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(start_logits.shape, end_logits.shape)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->torch.Size([<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">66</span>]) torch.Size([<span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">66</span>])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1lgkb5p">Чтобы преобразовать эти логиты в вероятности, мы применим функцию softmax, но перед этим нам нужно убедиться, что мы маскируем индексы, которые не являются частью контекста. Наш вход - <code>[CLS] вопрос [SEP] контекст [SEP]</code>, поэтому нам нужно замаскировать токены вопроса, а также токен <code>[SEP]</code>. Однако мы оставим токен <code>[CLS]</code>, поскольку некоторые модели используют его для указания на то, что ответ не находится в контексте.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-90vcep">Поскольку впоследствии мы будем применять softmax, нам просто нужно заменить логиты, которые мы хотим замаскировать, на большое отрицательное число. Здесь мы используем <code>-10000</code>:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> torch | |
| sequence_ids = inputs.sequence_ids() | |
| <span class="hljs-comment"># Маскируем все, кроме токенов контекста</span> | |
| mask = [i != <span class="hljs-number">1</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> sequence_ids] | |
| <span class="hljs-comment"># Демаскируем токен [CLS]</span> | |
| mask[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] = <span class="hljs-literal">False</span> | |
| mask = torch.tensor(mask)[<span class="hljs-literal">None</span>] | |
| start_logits[mask] = -<span class="hljs-number">10000</span> | |
| end_logits[mask] = -<span class="hljs-number">10000</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1ecyl2b">Теперь, когда мы правильно замаскировали логиты, соответствующие позициям, которые мы не хотим предсказывать, мы можем применить softmax:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->start_probabilities = torch.nn.functional.softmax(start_logits, dim=-<span class="hljs-number">1</span>)[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] | |
| end_probabilities = torch.nn.functional.softmax(end_logits, dim=-<span class="hljs-number">1</span>)[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1dvwtbu">На этом этапе мы могли бы взять argmax вероятностей начала и конца - но в итоге мы можем получить начальный индекс, который больше конечного, поэтому нам нужно принять еще несколько мер предосторожности. Мы вычислим вероятности каждого возможного <code>start_index</code> и <code>end_index</code>, где <code>start_index <= end_index</code>, а затем возьмем кортеж <code>(start_index, end_index)</code> с наибольшей вероятностью.</p> <p>Если предположить, что события “Ответ начинается на <code data-svelte-h="svelte-8eqb3b">start_index</code>” и “Ответ заканчивается на <code data-svelte-h="svelte-9cistc">end_index</code>” независимы, то вероятность того, что ответ начинается на <code data-svelte-h="svelte-8eqb3b">start_index</code> и заканчивается на <code data-svelte-h="svelte-9cistc">end_index</code>, равна: | |
| <!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">_</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">_</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo>×</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">_</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">_</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">]</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathrm{start\_probabilities}[\mathrm{start\_index}] \times \mathrm{end\_probabilities}[\mathrm{end\_index}]</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.06em;vertical-align:-0.31em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">start_probabilities</span></span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">start_index</span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.06em;vertical-align:-0.31em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">end_probabilities</span></span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">end_index</span></span><span class="mclose">]</span></span></span></span></span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></p> <p>Таким образом, чтобы вычислить все оценки, нам нужно просто вычислить все произведения<!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">_</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">_</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo>×</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">_</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">_</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">]</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathrm{start\_probabilities}[\mathrm{start\_index}] \times \mathrm{end\_probabilities}[\mathrm{end\_index}]</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.06em;vertical-align:-0.31em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">start_probabilities</span></span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">start_index</span></span><span class="mclose">]</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.06em;vertical-align:-0.31em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">end_probabilities</span></span><span class="mopen">[</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathrm">end_index</span></span><span class="mclose">]</span></span></span></span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --> где <code data-svelte-h="svelte-1kp3szf">start_index <= end_index</code>.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-431wes">Сначала вычислим все возможные произведения:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->scores = start_probabilities[:, <span class="hljs-literal">None</span>] * end_probabilities[<span class="hljs-literal">None</span>, :]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1hg914h">Затем мы замаскируем значения, где <code>start_index > end_index</code>, установив для них значение <code>0</code> (все остальные вероятности - положительные числа). Функция <code>torch.triu()</code> возвращает верхнюю треугольную часть двумерного тензора, переданного в качестве аргумента, поэтому она сделает эту маскировку за нас:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->scores = torch.triu(scores)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1f44j6a">Теперь нам осталось получить индекс максимума. Поскольку PyTorch вернет индекс в плоском тензоре, для получения <code>start_index</code> и <code>end_index</code> нам нужно воспользоваться операциями получения целой части <code>//</code> и остатка <code>%</code> от деления:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->max_index = scores.argmax().item() | |
| start_index = max_index // scores.shape[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>] | |
| end_index = max_index % scores.shape[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>] | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(scores[start_index, end_index])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-12b8saa">Мы еще не закончили, но, по крайней мере, у нас уже есть корректная оценка ответа (вы можете проверить это, сравнив ее с первым результатом в предыдущем разделе):</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-number">0.97773</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="course-tip bg-gradient-to-br dark:bg-gradient-to-r before:border-green-500 dark:before:border-green-800 from-green-50 dark:from-gray-900 to-white dark:to-gray-950 border border-green-50 text-green-700 dark:text-gray-400"><p data-svelte-h="svelte-10u3bvm">✏️ <strong>Попробуйте!</strong> Вычислите начальный и конечный индексы для пяти наиболее вероятных ответов.</p></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-5tjq7j">У нас есть <code>start_index</code> и <code>end_index</code> ответа в терминах токенов, так что теперь нам просто нужно преобразовать их в индексы символов в контексте. Именно здесь смещения будут очень полезны. Мы можем захватить их и использовать, как мы это делали в задаче token classification:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->inputs_with_offsets = tokenizer(question, context, return_offsets_mapping=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>) | |
| offsets = inputs_with_offsets[<span class="hljs-string">"offset_mapping"</span>] | |
| start_char, _ = offsets[start_index] | |
| _, end_char = offsets[end_index] | |
| answer = context[start_char:end_char]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-185mh2h">Осталось только отформатировать все, чтобы получить результат:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->result = { | |
| <span class="hljs-string">"answer"</span>: answer, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">"start"</span>: start_char, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">"end"</span>: end_char, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">"score"</span>: scores[start_index, end_index], | |
| } | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(result)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->{<span class="hljs-string">'answer'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Jax, PyTorch and TensorFlow'</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'start'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">78</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'end'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">105</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'score'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.97773</span>}<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1rxpw2v">Отлично! Это то же самое, что и в нашем первом примере!</p> <div class="course-tip bg-gradient-to-br dark:bg-gradient-to-r before:border-green-500 dark:before:border-green-800 from-green-50 dark:from-gray-900 to-white dark:to-gray-950 border border-green-50 text-green-700 dark:text-gray-400"><p data-svelte-h="svelte-5bia3">✏️ <strong>Попробуйте!</strong> Используйте лучшие оценки, которые вы вычислили ранее, чтобы показать пять наиболее вероятных ответов. Чтобы проверить результаты, вернитесь к первому конвейеру и передайте <code>top_k=5</code> при его вызове.</p></div> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="handling-long-contexts" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#handling-long-contexts"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>Обработка длинных контекстов</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-ngmcwa">Если мы попытаемся токенизировать вопрос и длинный контекст, который мы использовали в качестве примера ранее, мы получим количество токенов, превышающее максимальную длину, используемую в конвейере <code>question-answering</code> (которая составляет 384):</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->inputs = tokenizer(question, long_context) | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-built_in">len</span>(inputs[<span class="hljs-string">"input_ids"</span>]))<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-number">461</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-vnqntb">Поэтому нам нужно обрезать входные данные до максимальной длины. Есть несколько способов сделать это, но мы не хотим усекать вопрос, а только контекст. Поскольку контекст - это второе предложение, мы используем стратегию усечения <code>" only_second"</code>. Проблема, которая возникает в этом случае, заключается в том, что ответ на вопрос может не находиться в усеченном контексте. Например, здесь мы выбрали вопрос, ответ на который находится в конце контекста, а когда мы его усекаем, то этого ответа в нём нет:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->inputs = tokenizer(question, long_context, max_length=<span class="hljs-number">384</span>, truncation=<span class="hljs-string">"only_second"</span>) | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(tokenizer.decode(inputs[<span class="hljs-string">"input_ids"</span>]))<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-string">""" | |
| [CLS] Which deep learning libraries back [UNK] Transformers? [SEP] [UNK] Transformers : State of the Art NLP | |
| [UNK] Transformers provides thousands of pretrained models to perform tasks on texts such as classification, information extraction, | |
| question answering, summarization, translation, text generation and more in over 100 languages. | |
| Its aim is to make cutting-edge NLP easier to use for everyone. | |
| [UNK] Transformers provides APIs to quickly download and use those pretrained models on a given text, fine-tune them on your own datasets and | |
| then share them with the community on our model hub. At the same time, each python module defining an architecture is fully standalone and | |
| can be modified to enable quick research experiments. | |
| Why should I use transformers? | |
| 1. Easy-to-use state-of-the-art models: | |
| - High performance on NLU and NLG tasks. | |
| - Low barrier to entry for educators and practitioners. | |
| - Few user-facing abstractions with just three classes to learn. | |
| - A unified API for using all our pretrained models. | |
| - Lower compute costs, smaller carbon footprint: | |
| 2. Researchers can share trained models instead of always retraining. | |
| - Practitioners can reduce compute time and production costs. | |
| - Dozens of architectures with over 10,000 pretrained models, some in more than 100 languages. | |
| 3. Choose the right framework for every part of a model's lifetime: | |
| - Train state-of-the-art models in 3 lines of code. | |
| - Move a single model between TF2.0/PyTorch frameworks at will. | |
| - Seamlessly pick the right framework for training, evaluation and production. | |
| 4. Easily customize a model or an example to your needs: | |
| - We provide examples for each architecture to reproduce the results published by its original authors. | |
| - Model internal [SEP] | |
| """</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-jpcfoi">Это означает, что модели будет сложно выбрать правильный ответ. Чтобы исправить это, конвейер <code>question-answering</code> позволяет нам разбить контекст на более мелкие фрагменты, указав максимальную длину. Чтобы убедиться, что мы не разбиваем контекст на фрагменты именно в том месте, которое не позволяет найти ответ, он также включает некоторое перекрытие между фрагментами.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1icrz27">Мы можем заставить токенизатор (быстрый или медленный) сделать это за нас, добавив <code>return_overflowing_tokens=True</code>, и указать желаемое перекрытие с помощью аргумента <code>stride</code>. Вот пример, использующий небольшое предложение:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->sentence = <span class="hljs-string">"This sentence is not too long but we are going to split it anyway."</span> | |
| inputs = tokenizer( | |
| sentence, truncation=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>, return_overflowing_tokens=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>, max_length=<span class="hljs-number">6</span>, stride=<span class="hljs-number">2</span> | |
| ) | |
| <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> ids <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> inputs[<span class="hljs-string">"input_ids"</span>]: | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(tokenizer.decode(ids))<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-string">'[CLS] This sentence is not [SEP]'</span> | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'[CLS] is not too long [SEP]'</span> | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'[CLS] too long but we [SEP]'</span> | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'[CLS] but we are going [SEP]'</span> | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'[CLS] are going to split [SEP]'</span> | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'[CLS] to split it anyway [SEP]'</span> | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'[CLS] it anyway. [SEP]'</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1qeluw4">Как мы видим, предложение было разбито на части таким образом, что каждая запись в <code>inputs["input_ids"]</code> содержит не более 6 токенов (чтобы последняя запись была такого же размера, как и остальные, нам придется добавить дополняющие токены (padding tokens)), и между каждой частью есть перекрытие в 2 токена.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1lz3bm6">Давайте посмотрим на результат токенизации:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(inputs.keys())<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->dict_keys([<span class="hljs-string">'input_ids'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'attention_mask'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'overflow_to_sample_mapping'</span>])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-d89r7i">Как и ожидалось, мы получаем идентификаторы входов и маску внимания. Последний ключ, <code>overflow_to_sample_mapping</code>, представляет собой карту, которая говорит нам, какому предложению соответствует каждый из результатов - здесь у нас есть 7 результатов, которые все происходят из (единственного) предложения, которое мы передали токенизатору:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(inputs[<span class="hljs-string">"overflow_to_sample_mapping"</span>])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1n70dm5">Это более полезно, когда мы токенизируем несколько предложений вместе. Например, так:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->sentences = [ | |
| <span class="hljs-string">"This sentence is not too long but we are going to split it anyway."</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">"This sentence is shorter but will still get split."</span>, | |
| ] | |
| inputs = tokenizer( | |
| sentences, truncation=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>, return_overflowing_tokens=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>, max_length=<span class="hljs-number">6</span>, stride=<span class="hljs-number">2</span> | |
| ) | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(inputs[<span class="hljs-string">"overflow_to_sample_mapping"</span>])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-b6k3qh">gets us:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-8n0ynw">что означает, что первое предложение разбито на 7 частей, как и раньше, а следующие 4 части взяты из второго предложения.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-f6fgzz">Теперь давайте вернемся к нашему длинному контексту. По умолчанию конвейер <code>question-answering</code> использует максимальную длину 384, как мы уже упоминали ранее, и stride 128, что соответствует тому, как была дообучена модель (вы можете настроить эти параметры, передав аргументы <code>max_seq_len</code> и <code>stride</code> при вызове конвейера). Таким образом, мы будем использовать эти параметры при токенизации. Мы также добавим дополняющие токены (padding tokens) (чтобы иметь образцы одинаковой длины, чтобы можно было строить тензоры), а также запросим смещения:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->inputs = tokenizer( | |
| question, | |
| long_context, | |
| stride=<span class="hljs-number">128</span>, | |
| max_length=<span class="hljs-number">384</span>, | |
| padding=<span class="hljs-string">"longest"</span>, | |
| truncation=<span class="hljs-string">"only_second"</span>, | |
| return_overflowing_tokens=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>, | |
| return_offsets_mapping=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>, | |
| )<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-rlvaa0">Эти <code>inputs</code> будут содержать идентификаторы входов и маски внимания, которые ожидает модель, а также смещения и <code>overflow_to_sample_mapping</code>, о которых мы только что говорили. Поскольку эти два параметра не используются моделью, мы выкинем их из <code>inputs</code> (и не будем хранить карту, поскольку она здесь не нужна) перед преобразованием в тензор:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->_ = inputs.pop(<span class="hljs-string">"overflow_to_sample_mapping"</span>) | |
| offsets = inputs.pop(<span class="hljs-string">"offset_mapping"</span>) | |
| inputs = inputs.convert_to_tensors(<span class="hljs-string">"pt"</span>) | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(inputs[<span class="hljs-string">"input_ids"</span>].shape)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->torch.Size([<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">384</span>])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1ou3h3l">Наш длинный контекст был разделен на две части, а это значит, что после того, как он пройдет через нашу модель, у нас будет два набора начальных и конечных логитов:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->outputs = model(**inputs) | |
| start_logits = outputs.start_logits | |
| end_logits = outputs.end_logits | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(start_logits.shape, end_logits.shape)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->torch.Size([<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">384</span>]) torch.Size([<span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">384</span>])<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-gtcaqb">Как и раньше, мы сначала маскируем токены, которые не являются частью контекста, прежде чем использовать softmax. Мы также маскируем все дополняющие токены (padding tokens) (отмеченные маской внимания):</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->sequence_ids = inputs.sequence_ids() | |
| <span class="hljs-comment"># Маскируем все, кроме токенов контекста</span> | |
| mask = [i != <span class="hljs-number">1</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> sequence_ids] | |
| <span class="hljs-comment"># Демаскируем токен [CLS].</span> | |
| mask[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] = <span class="hljs-literal">False</span> | |
| <span class="hljs-comment"># Маскируем все [PAD] токены</span> | |
| mask = torch.logical_or(torch.tensor(mask)[<span class="hljs-literal">None</span>], (inputs[<span class="hljs-string">"attention_mask"</span>] == <span class="hljs-number">0</span>)) | |
| start_logits[mask] = -<span class="hljs-number">10000</span> | |
| end_logits[mask] = -<span class="hljs-number">10000</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-olz1ma">Затем мы можем использовать softmax для преобразования логитов в вероятности:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->start_probabilities = torch.nn.functional.softmax(start_logits, dim=-<span class="hljs-number">1</span>) | |
| end_probabilities = torch.nn.functional.softmax(end_logits, dim=-<span class="hljs-number">1</span>)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-82wf2w">Следующий шаг аналогичен тому, что мы делали для малого контекста, но мы повторяем его для каждого из наших двух фрагментов. Мы присваиваем оценку всем возможным фрагментам ответа, а затем выбираем фрагмент с наилучшей оценкой:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->candidates = [] | |
| <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> start_probs, end_probs <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">zip</span>(start_probabilities, end_probabilities): | |
| scores = start_probs[:, <span class="hljs-literal">None</span>] * end_probs[<span class="hljs-literal">None</span>, :] | |
| idx = torch.triu(scores).argmax().item() | |
| start_idx = idx // scores.shape[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>] | |
| end_idx = idx % scores.shape[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>] | |
| score = scores[start_idx, end_idx].item() | |
| candidates.append((start_idx, end_idx, score)) | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(candidates)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->[(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number">18</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0.33867</span>), (<span class="hljs-number">173</span>, <span class="hljs-number">184</span>, <span class="hljs-number">0.97149</span>)]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1ikij4g">Эти два кандидата соответствуют лучшим ответам, которые модель смогла найти в каждом фрагменте. Модель гораздо больше уверена в том, что правильный ответ находится во второй части (это хороший знак!). Теперь нам нужно сопоставить эти два диапазона токенов с диапазонами символов в контексте (для получения ответа нам нужно сопоставить только второй, но интересно посмотреть, что модель выбрала в первом фрагменте).</p> <div class="course-tip bg-gradient-to-br dark:bg-gradient-to-r before:border-green-500 dark:before:border-green-800 from-green-50 dark:from-gray-900 to-white dark:to-gray-950 border border-green-50 text-green-700 dark:text-gray-400"><p data-svelte-h="svelte-1llzwth">✏️ <strong>Попробуйте!</strong> Адаптируйте приведенный выше код, чтобы он возвращал оценки и промежутки для пяти наиболее вероятных ответов (в целом, а не по частям).</p></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-3u6tgi"><code>offsets</code>, которую мы взяли ранее, на самом деле является списком смещений, по одному списку на каждый фрагмент текста:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> candidate, offset <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">zip</span>(candidates, offsets): | |
| start_token, end_token, score = candidate | |
| start_char, _ = offset[start_token] | |
| _, end_char = offset[end_token] | |
| answer = long_context[start_char:end_char] | |
| result = {<span class="hljs-string">"answer"</span>: answer, <span class="hljs-string">"start"</span>: start_char, <span class="hljs-string">"end"</span>: end_char, <span class="hljs-string">"score"</span>: score} | |
| <span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(result)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->{<span class="hljs-string">'answer'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'\n🤗 Transformers: State of the Art NLP'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'start'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'end'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">37</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'score'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.33867</span>} | |
| {<span class="hljs-string">'answer'</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'Jax, PyTorch and TensorFlow'</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'start'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1892</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'end'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">1919</span>, <span class="hljs-string">'score'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0.97149</span>}<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-p95ta6">Если мы проигнорируем первый результат, то получим тот же результат, что и в нашем конвейере для этого длинного контекста - ура!</p> <div class="course-tip bg-gradient-to-br dark:bg-gradient-to-r before:border-green-500 dark:before:border-green-800 from-green-50 dark:from-gray-900 to-white dark:to-gray-950 border border-green-50 text-green-700 dark:text-gray-400"><p data-svelte-h="svelte-8w0j10">✏️ <strong>Попробуйте!</strong> Используйте лучшие оценки, которые вы вычислили ранее, чтобы показать пять наиболее вероятных ответов (для всего контекста, а не для каждого фрагмента). Чтобы проверить результаты, вернитесь к первому конвейеру и передайте <code>top_k=5</code> при его вызове.</p></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-wcof5">На этом мы завершаем наше глубокое погружение в возможности токенизатора. В следующей главе мы снова применим все это на практике, когда покажем, как дообучить модель для ряда распространенных задач NLP.</p> <a class="!text-gray-400 !no-underline text-sm flex items-center not-prose mt-4" href="https://github.com/huggingface/course/blob/main/chapters/ru/chapter6/3b.mdx" target="_blank"><span data-svelte-h="svelte-1kd6by1"><</span> <span data-svelte-h="svelte-x0xyl0">></span> <span data-svelte-h="svelte-1dajgef"><span class="underline ml-1.5">Update</span> on GitHub</span></a> <p></p> | |
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