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కర్వ్స్&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;erratic-learning-curves&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3}],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;ముఖ్య పాయింట్లు&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;key-takeaways&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;సెక్షన్ క్విజ్&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;section-quiz&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;1. ట్రైన్ లాస్ తగ్గుతున్నా వాలిడేషన్ లాస్ పెరుగుతుంటే ఏమవుతుంది?&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;1-టరన-లస-తగగతనన-వలడషన-లస-పరగతట-ఏమవతద&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;2. ఆక్యురసీ కర్వ్స్ ఎందుకు “స్టెప్పీ” ఆకారంలో ఉంటాయి?&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;2-ఆకయరస-కరవస-ఎదక-సటపప-ఆకరల-ఉటయ&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;3. అస్థిర (ఎరాటిక్) లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్ కనిపిస్తే ఏం చేయాలి?&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;3-అసథర-ఎరటక-లరనగ-కరవస-కనపసత-ఏ-చయల&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;4. ఎర్లీ స్టాప్పింగ్ ఎప్పుడు వాడాలి?&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;4-ఎరల-సటపపగ-ఎపపడ-వడల&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;5. మోడల్ అండర్‌ఫిట్ అవుతుందని ఏది సూచిస్తుంది?&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;5-మడల-అడరఫట-అవతదన-ఏద-సచసతద&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3}],&quot;depth&quot;:2}],&quot;depth&quot;:1}"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_END --> <p></p> <div class="bg-white leading-none border border-gray-100 rounded-lg flex p-0.5 w-56 text-sm mb-4"><a class="flex justify-center flex-1 py-1.5 px-2.5 focus:outline-none !no-underline rounded-l bg-red-50 dark:bg-transparent text-red-600" href="?fw=pt"><svg class="mr-1.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><defs><clipPath id="a"><rect x="3.05" y="0.5" width="25.73" height="31" fill="none"></rect></clipPath></defs><g clip-path="url(#a)"><path d="M24.94,9.51a12.81,12.81,0,0,1,0,18.16,12.68,12.68,0,0,1-18,0,12.81,12.81,0,0,1,0-18.16l9-9V5l-.84.83-6,6a9.58,9.58,0,1,0,13.55,0ZM20.44,9a1.68,1.68,0,1,1,1.67-1.67A1.68,1.68,0,0,1,20.44,9Z" fill="#ee4c2c"></path></g></svg> Pytorch </a><a class="flex justify-center flex-1 py-1.5 px-2.5 focus:outline-none !no-underline rounded-r text-gray-500 filter grayscale" href="?fw=tf"><svg class="mr-1.5" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" role="img" width="0.94em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 274"><path d="M145.726 42.065v42.07l72.861 42.07v-42.07l-72.86-42.07zM0 84.135v42.07l36.43 21.03V105.17L0 84.135zm109.291 21.035l-36.43 21.034v126.2l36.43 21.035v-84.135l36.435 21.035v-42.07l-36.435-21.034V105.17z" fill="#E55B2D"></path><path d="M145.726 42.065L36.43 105.17v42.065l72.861-42.065v42.065l36.435-21.03v-84.14zM255.022 63.1l-36.435 21.035v42.07l36.435-21.035V63.1zm-72.865 84.135l-36.43 21.035v42.07l36.43-21.036v-42.07zm-36.43 63.104l-36.436-21.035v84.135l36.435-21.035V210.34z" fill="#ED8E24"></path><path d="M145.726 0L0 84.135l36.43 21.035l109.296-63.105l72.861 42.07L255.022 63.1L145.726 0zm0 126.204l-36.435 21.03l36.435 21.036l36.43-21.035l-36.43-21.03z" fill="#F8BF3C"></path></svg> TensorFlow </a></div> <div class="items-center shrink-0 min-w-[100px] max-sm:min-w-[50px] justify-end ml-auto flex" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; display: inline-flex; position: relative; z-index: 10;"><div class="inline-flex rounded-md max-sm:rounded-sm"><button class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 max-sm:gap-0.5 h-6 max-sm:h-5 px-2 max-sm:px-1.5 text-[11px] max-sm:text-[9px] font-medium text-gray-800 border border-r-0 rounded-l-md max-sm:rounded-l-sm 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border-gray-200 bg-white hover:shadow-inner dark:border-gray-850 dark:bg-gray-950 dark:text-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-800" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open copy menu"><svg class="transition-transform text-gray-400 overflow-visible w-3 h-3 max-sm:w-2.5 max-sm:h-2.5 rotate-0" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 12 7" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M1 1L6 6L11 1" stroke="currentColor"></path></svg></button></div> </div> <h1 class="relative group"><a id="understanding-learning-curves" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#understanding-learning-curves"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్ అర్థం చేసుకోవడం</span></h1> <div class="flex space-x-1 absolute z-10 right-0 top-0" style=""><a href="https://discuss.huggingface.co/t/chapter-3-questions" target="_blank"><img alt="Ask a Question" class="!m-0" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Ask%20a%20question-ffcb4c.svg?logo=data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></a> <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/master/course/te/chapter3/section7.ipynb" target="_blank"><img alt="Open In Colab" class="!m-0" src="https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg"></a> <a href="https://studiolab.sagemaker.aws/import/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/master/course/te/chapter3/section7.ipynb" target="_blank"><img alt="Open In Studio Lab" class="!m-0" src="https://studiolab.sagemaker.aws/studiolab.svg"></a></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-k1co2r"><code>Trainer</code> API మరియు కస్టమ్ ట్రైనింగ్ లూప్స్ ఉపయోగించి ఫైన్-ట్యూనింగ్ ఎలా చేయాలో నేర్చుకున్న తర్వాత, ఫలితాలను ఎలా అర్థం చేసుకోవాలో తెలుసుకోవడం చాలా ముఖ్యం. లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్ మోడల్ పనితీరును అంచనా వేయడానికి, సమస్యలను ముందుగానే గుర్తించడానికి అమూల్యమైన టూల్స్.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-fasjof">ఈ సెక్షన్‌లో ఆక్యురసీ మరియు లాస్ కర్వ్స్‌ను ఎలా చదవాలో, వివిధ కర్వ్ ఆకారాలు మోడల్ ప్రవర్తన గురించి ఏమి చెబుతాయో, మరియు సాధారణ శిక్షణ సమస్యలను ఎలా పరిష్కరించాలో తెలుసుకుంటాం.</p> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="what-are-learning-curves" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#what-are-learning-curves"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్ అంటే ఏమిటి?</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-9psc81">లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్ అనేవి శిక్షణ సమయంలో మోడల్ పనితీరు మెట్రిక్స్ మార్పును చూపించే దృశ్య రూపాలు. ముఖ్యంగా పర్యవేక్షించాల్సిన రెండు కర్వ్స్:</p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-3zy59g"><li><strong>లాస్ కర్వ్స్</strong>: మోడల్ ఎర్రర్ (లాస్) శిక్షణ స్టెప్స్ లేదా ఎపాక్స్‌లో ఎలా మారుతుందో చూపిస్తుంది</li> <li><strong>ఆక్యురసీ కర్వ్స్</strong>: సరైన ప్రెడిక్షన్స్ శాతం ఎలా మారుతుందో చూపిస్తుంది</li></ul> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="loss-curves" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#loss-curves"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>లాస్ కర్వ్స్</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-c513q4">లాస్ కర్వ్ మోడల్ పొరపాటు (ఎర్రర్) కాలక్రమంలో ఎలా తగ్గుతుందో చూపిస్తుంది. సాధారణ విజయవంతమైన శిక్షణలో కింద చూపినట్టే ఉంటుంది:</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-pvwhaj"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter3/1.png" alt="Loss Curve"></p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-131ztpy"><li><strong>మొదటి ఎక్కువ లాస్</strong>: మోడల్ ప్రారంభంలో ఆప్టిమైజ్ కాని స్థితిలో ఉంటుంది</li> <li><strong>తగ్గుతున్న లాస్</strong>: శిక్షణ కొనసాగినప్పుడు లాస్ సాధారణంగా తగ్గుతుంది</li> <li><strong>కన్వర్జెన్స్</strong>: చివరగా లాస్ తక్కువ విలువ వద్ద స్థిరపడుతుంది</li></ul> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-comment"># Example of tracking loss during training with the Trainer</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> transformers import Trainer, TrainingArguments
import wandb
<span class="hljs-comment"># Initialize Weights &amp; Biases for experiment tracking</span>
wandb.init(<span class="hljs-attribute">project</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;transformer-fine-tuning&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;bert-mrpc-analysis&quot;</span>)
training_args = TrainingArguments(
 <span class="hljs-attribute">output_dir</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;./results&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">eval_strategy</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;steps&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">eval_steps</span>=50,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">save_steps</span>=100,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">logging_steps</span>=10, # Log metrics every 10 steps
 <span class="hljs-attribute">num_train_epochs</span>=3,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">per_device_train_batch_size</span>=16,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">per_device_eval_batch_size</span>=16,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">report_to</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;wandb&quot;</span>, # Send logs <span class="hljs-keyword">to</span> Weights &amp; Biases
)
trainer = Trainer(
 <span class="hljs-attribute">model</span>=model,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">args</span>=training_args,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">train_dataset</span>=tokenized_datasets[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;train&quot;</span>],
 <span class="hljs-attribute">eval_dataset</span>=tokenized_datasets[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;validation&quot;</span>],
 <span class="hljs-attribute">data_collator</span>=data_collator,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">processing_class</span>=tokenizer,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">compute_metrics</span>=compute_metrics,
)
<span class="hljs-comment"># Train and automatically log metrics</span>
trainer.train()<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="accuracy-curves" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#accuracy-curves"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>ఆక్యురసీ కర్వ్స్</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1jzjr0y"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter3/2.png" alt="Accuracy Curve"></p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-1e6cvg2"><li><strong>మొదట తక్కువ</strong>: మోడల్ ఇంకా ప్యాటర్న్స్ నేర్చుకోలేదు</li> <li><strong>పెరుగుతుంది</strong>: శిక్షణతో ఆక్యురసీ పెరుగుతుంది</li> <li><strong>ప్లాటోలు కనిపిస్తాయి</strong>: ఆక్యురసీ సాధారణంగా డిస్క్రీట్ జంప్స్‌లో పెరుగుతుంది</li></ul> <blockquote class="tip" data-svelte-h="svelte-iv9viy"><p>💡 <strong>ఆక్యురసీ కర్వ్స్ “స్టెప్పీ” ఎందుకు ఉంటాయి</strong>: లాస్ కంటిన్యూస్ అయితే, ఆక్యురసీ డిస్క్రీట్ ప్రెడిక్షన్స్‌పై ఆధారపడి ఉంటుంది. చిన్న మెరుగుదలలు ఫైనల్ ప్రెడిక్షన్ మార్చకపోవచ్చు, థ్రెషోల్డ్ దాటినప్పుడు మాత్రమే ఆక్యురసీ పెరుగుతుంది.</p></blockquote> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="convergence" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#convergence"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>కన్వర్జెన్స్</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-lmle25"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter3/4.png" alt="Convergence"></p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-ebeyhg">కన్వర్జెన్స్ అనేది మోడల్ పనితీరు స్థిరపడినప్పుడు జరుగుతుంది.</p> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="interpreting-learning-curve-patterns" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#interpreting-learning-curve-patterns"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్ ప్యాటర్న్స్ అర్థం చేసుకోవడం</span></h2> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="healthy-learning-curves" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#healthy-learning-curves"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>ఆరోగ్యకరమైన లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-lw8se0"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter3/5.png" alt="Healthy Loss Curve"></p> <blockquote class="tip" data-svelte-h="svelte-uk6dg4"><p><strong>ఆరోగ్యకరమైన కర్వ్స్ లక్షణాలు:</strong></p> <ul><li>ట్రైన్ &amp; వాలిడేషన్ లాస్ రెండూ స్థిరంగా తగ్గుతాయి</li> <li>ట్రైన్/వాలిడేషన్ మధ్య చిన్న గ్యాప్ మాత్రమే ఉంటుంది</li> <li>కర్వ్స్ స్థిరపడతాయి</li></ul></blockquote> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="practical-examples" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#practical-examples"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>ప్రాక్టికల్ ఉదాహరణలు</span></h3> <h4 class="relative group"><a id="during-training" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#during-training"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>శిక్షణ సమయంలో</span></h4> <ol data-svelte-h="svelte-oyvxzp"><li><strong>లాస్ కన్వర్జెన్స్</strong>: లాస్ ఇంకా తగ్గుతున్నదా లేదా ప్లాటో అవుతోందా?</li> <li><strong>ఓవర్‌ఫిట్టింగ్ గుర్తులు</strong>: ట్రైన్ లాస్ తగ్గుతూనే వాలిడేషన్ లాస్ పెరుగుతున్నదా?</li> <li><strong>లెర్నింగ్ రేట్</strong>: కర్వ్స్ అస్థిరమా లేదా చాలా ఫ్లాట్‌గా ఉందా?</li> <li><strong>స్థిరత్వం</strong>: ఆకస్మిక స్పైక్స్ లేదా డ్రాప్స్ కనిపిస్తున్నాయా?</li></ol> <h4 class="relative group"><a id="after-training" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#after-training"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>శిక్షణ తర్వాత</span></h4> <ol data-svelte-h="svelte-1enj5ix"><li><strong>చివరి పనితీరు</strong>: మోడల్ అంగీకారమైన స్థాయిలో ఉందా?</li> <li><strong>ప్రభావవంతత</strong>: తక్కువ ఎపాక్స్‌లో అదే పనితీరు సాధ్యమా?</li> <li><strong>జనరలైజేషన్</strong>: ట్రైన్ &amp; వాలిడేషన్ పనితీరుకు మధ్య తేడా ఎంత?</li> <li><strong>ట్రెండ్స్</strong>: అదనపు శిక్షణ పనితీరును మెరుగుపరుస్తుందా?</li></ol> <blockquote class="tip" data-svelte-h="svelte-1y38r9l"><p>🔍 <strong>Weights &amp; Biases డాష్‌బోర్డు ఫీచర్స్</strong>:</p> <ul><li>బహుళ రన్స్‌ని సైడ్ బై సైడ్ పోల్చవచ్చు</li> <li>కస్టమ్ మెట్రిక్స్ &amp; విజువలైజేషన్స్</li> <li>అనామాలస్ కోసం అలర్ట్స్</li> <li>ఫలితాలను టీమ్‌తో షేర్ చేయవచ్చు</li></ul></blockquote> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="overfitting" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#overfitting"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>ఓవర్‌ఫిట్టింగ్</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-281ynk"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter3/10.png" alt="Overfitting"></p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1xfj43o"><strong>లక్షణాలు:</strong></p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-9m7s95"><li>ట్రైన్ లాస్ తగ్గుతూనే ఉంటుంది</li> <li>వాలిడేషన్ లాస్ పెరగడం లేదా ప్లాటో అవుతుంది</li> <li>ట్రైన్ ఆక్యురసీ ఎక్కువ, వాలిడేషన్ ఆక్యురసీ తక్కువ</li></ul> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-ysu4tk"><strong>పరిష్కారాలు:</strong></p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-18cuazw"><li>రెగ్యులరైజేషన్: డ్రాపౌట్, వెయిట్ డికే</li> <li>ఎర్లీ స్టాప్పింగ్</li> <li>డేటా ఆగ్మెంటేషన్</li> <li>చిన్న మోడల్ వాడటం</li></ul> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> transformers import EarlyStoppingCallback
trainer = Trainer(
 <span class="hljs-attribute">model</span>=model,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">args</span>=training_args,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">train_dataset</span>=tokenized_datasets[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;train&quot;</span>],
 <span class="hljs-attribute">eval_dataset</span>=tokenized_datasets[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;validation&quot;</span>],
 <span class="hljs-attribute">data_collator</span>=data_collator,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">processing_class</span>=tokenizer,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">compute_metrics</span>=compute_metrics,
 callbacks=[EarlyStoppingCallback(<span class="hljs-attribute">early_stopping_patience</span>=3)],
)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="underfitting" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#underfitting"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>అండర్‌ఫిట్టింగ్</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-clpn9k"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter3/7.png" alt="Underfitting"></p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1xfj43o"><strong>లక్షణాలు:</strong></p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-7tqktp"><li>ట్రైన్ &amp; వాలిడేషన్ లాస్ రెండూ ఎక్కువగా ఉంటాయి</li> <li>ట్రైన్ ఆక్యురసీ &amp; వాలిడేషన్ ఆక్యురసీ తక్కువ</li> <li>పనితీరు త్వరగా ప్లాటో అవుతుంది</li></ul> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-ysu4tk"><strong>పరిష్కారాలు:</strong></p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-eftbci"><li>పెద్ద మోడల్ వాడటం</li> <li>ఎక్కువ ఎపాక్స్ శిక్షణ</li> <li>లెర్నింగ్ రేట్ సర్దడం</li> <li>డేటా సరిచూసుకోవడం</li></ul> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="erratic-learning-curves" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#erratic-learning-curves"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>ఎరాటిక్ లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1o1w1hs"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter3/3.png" alt="Erratic Learning Curves"> <img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter3/9.png" alt="Erratic Learning Curves"></p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1xfj43o"><strong>లక్షణాలు:</strong></p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-1ycfr3o"><li>లాస్/ఆక్యురసీ తరచూ ఊగుతాయి</li> <li>స్పష్టమైన ట్రెండ్ లేదు</li></ul> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-ysu4tk"><strong>పరిష్కారాలు:</strong></p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-10k0691"><li>లెర్నింగ్ రేట్ తగ్గించడం</li> <li>బ్యాచ్ సైజ్ పెంచడం</li> <li>గ్రేడియంట్ క్లిప్పింగ్</li></ul> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> transformers import TrainingArguments
training_args = TrainingArguments(
 <span class="hljs-attribute">output_dir</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;./results&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">learning_rate</span>=1e-4,
 <span class="hljs-attribute">per_device_train_batch_size</span>=32,
)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="key-takeaways" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#key-takeaways"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>ముఖ్య పాయింట్లు</span></h2> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-vktgvg"><li>లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్ మోడల్ శిక్షణ పురోగతిని అర్థం చేసుకోవడానికి అవసరమైన టూల్స్</li> <li>లాస్ &amp; ఆక్యురసీ కర్వ్స్ రెండూ పర్యవేక్షించండి</li> <li>ఓవర్‌ఫిట్టింగ్: ట్రైన్/వాలిడేషన్ పనితీరు వేరుపడటం</li> <li>అండర్‌ఫిట్టింగ్: ట్రైన్ &amp; వాలిడేషన్ పనితీరు తక్కువ</li> <li>Weights &amp; Biases వంటి టూల్స్ సులభతరం చేస్తాయి</li> <li>ఎర్లీ స్టాప్పింగ్ &amp; రెగ్యులరైజేషన్ సాధారణ సమస్యలను పరిష్కరిస్తాయి</li></ul> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="section-quiz" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#section-quiz"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>సెక్షన్ క్విజ్</span></h2> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="1-టరన-లస-తగగతనన-వలడషన-లస-పరగతట-ఏమవతద" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#1-టరన-లస-తగగతనన-వలడషన-లస-పరగతట-ఏమవతద"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>1. ట్రైన్ లాస్ తగ్గుతున్నా వాలిడేషన్ లాస్ పెరుగుతుంటే ఏమవుతుంది?</span></h3> <div><form><label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="0"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->మోడల్ విజయవంతంగా నేర్చుకుంటుంది.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="1"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->మోడల్ ట్రైనింగ్ డేటాకు ఓవర్‌ఫిట్ అవుతుంది.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="2"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->లెర్నింగ్ రేట్ చాలా తక్కువ.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="3"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->డేటాసెట్ చాలా చిన్నది.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <div class="flex flex-row items-center mt-3"><button class="btn px-4 mr-4" type="submit" disabled>Submit</button> </div></form></div> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="2-ఆకయరస-కరవస-ఎదక-సటపప-ఆకరల-ఉటయ" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#2-ఆకయరస-కరవస-ఎదక-సటపప-ఆకరల-ఉటయ"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>2. ఆక్యురసీ కర్వ్స్ ఎందుకు “స్టెప్పీ” ఆకారంలో ఉంటాయి?</span></h3> <div><form><label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="0"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->ఆక్యురసీ కాలిక్యులేషన్‌లో లోపం ఉంది.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="1"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->ఆక్యురసీ డిస్క్రీట్ మెట్రిక్, ప్రెడిక్షన్స్ డిసిషన్ బౌండరీ దాటినప్పుడు మాత్రమే మారుతుంది.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="2"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->మోడల్ సరిగ్గా నేర్చుకోవడం లేదు.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="3"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->బ్యాచ్ సైజ్ చాలా చిన్నది.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <div class="flex flex-row items-center mt-3"><button class="btn px-4 mr-4" type="submit" disabled>Submit</button> </div></form></div> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="3-అసథర-ఎరటక-లరనగ-కరవస-కనపసత-ఏ-చయల" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#3-అసథర-ఎరటక-లరనగ-కరవస-కనపసత-ఏ-చయల"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>3. అస్థిర (ఎరాటిక్) లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్ కనిపిస్తే ఏం చేయాలి?</span></h3> <div><form><label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="0"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->లెర్నింగ్ రేట్ పెంచాలి.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="1"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->లెర్నింగ్ రేట్ తగ్గించి, బ్యాచ్ సైజ్ పెంచాలి.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="2"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->వెంటనే శిక్షణ ఆపేయాలి.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="3"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->మోడల్ ఆర్కిటెక్చర్ మార్చాలి.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <div class="flex flex-row items-center mt-3"><button class="btn px-4 mr-4" type="submit" disabled>Submit</button> </div></form></div> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="4-ఎరల-సటపపగ-ఎపపడ-వడల" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#4-ఎరల-సటపపగ-ఎపపడ-వడల"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>4. ఎర్లీ స్టాప్పింగ్ ఎప్పుడు వాడాలి?</span></h3> <div><form><label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="0"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->ఎల్లప్పుడూ.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="1"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->వాలిడేషన్ పనితీరు మెరుగుపడకపోతే లేదా క్షీణిస్తే.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="2"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->ట్రైన్ లాస్ ఇంకా త్వరగా తగ్గుతుంటే.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="3"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->ఎప్పుడూ కాదు.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <div class="flex flex-row items-center mt-3"><button class="btn px-4 mr-4" type="submit" disabled>Submit</button> </div></form></div> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="5-మడల-అడరఫట-అవతదన-ఏద-సచసతద" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#5-మడల-అడరఫట-అవతదన-ఏద-సచసతద"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>5. మోడల్ అండర్‌ఫిట్ అవుతుందని ఏది సూచిస్తుంది?</span></h3> <div><form><label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="0"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->ట్రైన్ ఆక్యురసీ >> వాలిడేషన్ ఆక్యురసీ.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="1"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->ట్రైన్ & వాలిడేషన్ పనితీరు రెండూ పేలవంగా, త్వరగా ప్లాటో.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="2"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->లెర్నింగ్ కర్వ్స్ చాలా స్మూత్.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <label class="block"><input autocomplete="off" class="form-input -mt-1.5 mr-2" name="choice" type="checkbox" value="3"> <!-- HTML_TAG_START -->వాలిడేషన్ లాస్ ట్రైన్ కంటే త్వరగా తగ్గుతుంది.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></label> <div class="flex flex-row items-center mt-3"><button class="btn px-4 mr-4" type="submit" disabled>Submit</button> </div></form></div> <a class="!text-gray-400 !no-underline text-sm flex items-center not-prose mt-4" href="https://github.com/huggingface/course/blob/main/chapters/te/chapter3/5.mdx" target="_blank"><svg class="mr-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M31,16l-7,7l-1.41-1.41L28.17,16l-5.58-5.59L24,9l7,7z"></path><path d="M1,16l7-7l1.41,1.41L3.83,16l5.58,5.59L8,23l-7-7z"></path><path d="M12.419,25.484L17.639,6.552l1.932,0.518L14.351,26.002z"></path></svg> <span data-svelte-h="svelte-zjs2n5"><span class="underline">Update</span> on GitHub</span></a> <p></p>
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