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| <link rel="modulepreload" href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/_app/immutable/chunks/CodeBlock.77fa95e2.js"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_START --><meta name="hf:doc:metadata" content="{"title":"Process image data","local":"process-image-data","sections":[{"title":"Map","local":"map","sections":[],"depth":2},{"title":"Apply transforms","local":"apply-transforms","sections":[],"depth":2}],"depth":1}"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_END --> <p></p> <div class="items-center shrink-0 min-w-[100px] max-sm:min-w-[50px] justify-end ml-auto flex" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px; display: inline-flex; position: relative; z-index: 10;"><div class="inline-flex rounded-md max-sm:rounded-sm"><button class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 h-7 max-sm:h-7 px-2 max-sm:px-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-800 border border-r-0 rounded-l-md max-sm:rounded-l-sm border-gray-200 bg-white hover:shadow-inner dark:border-gray-850 dark:bg-gray-950 dark:text-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-800" aria-live="polite"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center rounded-md p-0.5 max-sm:p-0 hover:text-gray-800 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><svg class="sm:size-3.5 size-3" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg></span> <span>Copy page</span></button> <button class="inline-flex items-center justify-center w-6 max-sm:w-5 h-7 max-sm:h-7 disabled:pointer-events-none text-sm text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-white rounded-r-md max-sm:rounded-r-sm border border-l transition border-gray-200 bg-white hover:shadow-inner dark:border-gray-850 dark:bg-gray-950 dark:text-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-800" aria-haspopup="menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open copy menu"><svg class="transition-transform text-gray-400 overflow-visible sm:size-3.5 size-3 rotate-0" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 12 7" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M1 1L6 6L11 1" stroke="currentColor"></path></svg></button></div> </div> <h1 class="relative group"><a id="process-image-data" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#process-image-data"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>Process image data</span></h1> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-7uwdmt">This guide shows specific methods for processing image datasets. Learn how to:</p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-1j86bst"><li>Use <a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.map">map()</a> with image dataset.</li> <li>Apply data augmentations to a dataset with <a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.set_transform">set_transform()</a>.</li></ul> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-3s2bzp">For a guide on how to process any type of dataset, take a look at the <a class="underline decoration-sky-400 decoration-2 font-semibold" href="./process">general process guide</a>.</p> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="map" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#map"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>Map</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-5hzfs1">The <a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.map">map()</a> function can apply transforms over an entire dataset.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-3s9pec">For example, create a basic <a href="https://pytorch.org/vision/stable/generated/torchvision.transforms.Resize.html" rel="nofollow"><code>Resize</code></a> function:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-meta">>>> </span><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">transforms</span>(<span class="hljs-params">examples</span>): | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span> examples[<span class="hljs-string">"pixel_values"</span>] = [image.convert(<span class="hljs-string">"RGB"</span>).resize((<span class="hljs-number">100</span>,<span class="hljs-number">100</span>)) <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> image <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> examples[<span class="hljs-string">"image"</span>]] | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> examples<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1hixr39">Now use the <a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.map">map()</a> function to resize the entire dataset, and set <code>batched=True</code> to speed up the process by accepting batches of examples. The transform returns <code>pixel_values</code> as a cacheable <code>PIL.Image</code> object:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-meta">>>> </span>dataset = dataset.<span class="hljs-built_in">map</span>(transforms, remove_columns=[<span class="hljs-string">"image"</span>], batched=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>) | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">>>> </span>dataset[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] | |
| {<span class="hljs-string">'label'</span>: <span class="hljs-number">6</span>, | |
| <span class="hljs-string">'pixel_values'</span>: <PIL.PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile image mode=RGB size=100x100 at <span class="hljs-number">0x7F058237BB10</span>>}<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1hbl848">The cache file saves time because you don’t have to execute the same transform twice. The <a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.map">map()</a> function is best for operations you only run once per training - like resizing an image - instead of using it for operations executed for each epoch, like data augmentations.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-utiuok"><a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.map">map()</a> takes up some memory, but you can reduce its memory requirements with the following parameters:</p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-1uuk8jl"><li><a href="./package_reference/main_classes#datasets.DatasetDict.map.batch_size"><code>batch_size</code></a> determines the number of examples that are processed in one call to the transform function.</li> <li><a href="./package_reference/main_classes#datasets.DatasetDict.map.writer_batch_size"><code>writer_batch_size</code></a> determines the number of processed examples that are kept in memory before they are stored away.</li></ul> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-4nui8b">Both parameter values default to 1000, which can be expensive if you are storing images. Lower these values to use less memory when you use <a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.map">map()</a>.</p> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="apply-transforms" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#apply-transforms"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>Apply transforms</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1l92r5i">🤗 Datasets applies data augmentations from any library or package to your dataset. Transforms can be applied on-the-fly on batches of data with <a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.set_transform">set_transform()</a>, which consumes less disk space.</p> <blockquote class="tip" data-svelte-h="svelte-1pz7lhk"><p>The following example uses <a href="https://pytorch.org/vision/stable/index.html" rel="nofollow">torchvision</a>, but feel free to use other data augmentation libraries like <a href="https://albumentations.ai/docs/" rel="nofollow">Albumentations</a>, <a href="https://kornia.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" rel="nofollow">Kornia</a>, and <a href="https://imgaug.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" rel="nofollow">imgaug</a>.</p></blockquote> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1dscypy">For example, if you’d like to change the color properties of an image randomly:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-meta">>>> </span><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> torchvision.transforms <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Compose, ColorJitter, ToTensor | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">>>> </span>jitter = Compose( | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span> [ | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span> ColorJitter(brightness=<span class="hljs-number">0.25</span>, contrast=<span class="hljs-number">0.25</span>, saturation=<span class="hljs-number">0.25</span>, hue=<span class="hljs-number">0.7</span>), | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span> ToTensor(), | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span> ] | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span>)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1qyarbp">Create a function to apply the <code>ColorJitter</code> transform:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-meta">>>> </span><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">transforms</span>(<span class="hljs-params">examples</span>): | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span> examples[<span class="hljs-string">"pixel_values"</span>] = [jitter(image.convert(<span class="hljs-string">"RGB"</span>)) <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> image <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> examples[<span class="hljs-string">"image"</span>]] | |
| <span class="hljs-meta">... </span> <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> examples<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-10ntjtl">Apply the transform with the <a href="/docs/datasets/pr_8113/en/package_reference/main_classes#datasets.Dataset.set_transform">set_transform()</a> function:</p> <div class="code-block relative "><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-meta">>>> </span>dataset.set_transform(transforms)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <a class="!text-gray-400 !no-underline text-sm flex items-center not-prose mt-4" href="https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/main/docs/source/image_process.mdx" target="_blank"><svg class="mr-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M31,16l-7,7l-1.41-1.41L28.17,16l-5.58-5.59L24,9l7,7z"></path><path d="M1,16l7-7l1.41,1.41L3.83,16l5.58,5.59L8,23l-7-7z"></path><path d="M12.419,25.484L17.639,6.552l1.932,0.518L14.351,26.002z"></path></svg> <span data-svelte-h="svelte-zjs2n5"><span class="underline">Update</span> on GitHub</span></a> <p></p> | |
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