TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. An attacker can cause a denial of service via a FPE runtime error in `tf.raw_ops.DenseCountSparseOutput`. This is because the implementation(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/efff014f3b2d8ef6141da30c806faf141297eca1/tensorflow/core/kernels/count_ops.cc#L123-L127) computes a divisor value from user data but does not check that the result is 0 before doing the division. Since `data` is given by the `values` argument, `num_batch_elements` is 0. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.5.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.4.2, and TensorFlow 2.3.3, as these are also affected.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: flowtable: account for Ethernet header in nf_flow_pppoe_proto()

syzbot found a potential access to uninit-value in nf_flow_pppoe_proto()

Blamed commit forgot the Ethernet header.

BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in nf_flow_offload_inet_hook+0x7e4/0x940 net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_inet.c:27
  nf_flow_offload_inet_hook+0x7e4/0x940 net/netfilter/nf_flow_table_inet.c:27
  nf_hook_entry_hookfn include/linux/netfilter.h:157 [inline]
  nf_hook_slow+0xe1/0x3d0 net/netfilter/core.c:623
  nf_hook_ingress include/linux/netfilter_netdev.h:34 [inline]
  nf_ingress net/core/dev.c:5742 [inline]
  __netif_receive_skb_core+0x4aff/0x70c0 net/core/dev.c:5837
  __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:5975 [inline]
  __netif_receive_skb+0xcc/0xac0 net/core/dev.c:6090
  netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6176 [inline]
  netif_receive_skb+0x57/0x630 net/core/dev.c:6235
  tun_rx_batched+0x1df/0x980 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
  tun_get_user+0x4ee0/0x6b40 drivers/net/tun.c:1938
  tun_chr_write_iter+0x3e9/0x5c0 drivers/net/tun.c:1984
  new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
  vfs_write+0xb4b/0x1580 fs/read_write.c:686
  ksys_write fs/read_write.c:738 [inline]
  __do_sys_write fs/read_write.c:749 [inline]


All versions of HoRNDIS are affected by an integer overflow in the RNDIS packet parsing routines. A malicious USB device can trigger disclosure of unrelated kernel memory to userspace applications on the host, or can cause the kernel to crash. Kernel memory disclosure is especially likely on 32-bit kernels; 64-bit kernels are more likely to crash on attempted exploitation. It is not believed that kernel memory corruption is possible, or that unattended kernel memory disclosure without the collaboration of a userspace program running on the host is possible. The vulnerability is in `HoRNDIS::receivePacket`. `msg_len`, `data_ofs`, and `data_len` can be controlled by an attached USB device, and a negative value of `data_ofs` can bypass the check for `(data_ofs + data_len + 8) > msg_len`, and subsequently can cause a wild pointer copy in the `mbuf_copyback` call. The software is not maintained and no patches are planned. Users of multi-tenant systems with HoRNDIS installed should only connect trusted USB devices to their system.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

platform/chrome: cros_usbpd_notify: Fix error handling in cros_usbpd_notify_init()

The following WARNING message was given when rmmod cros_usbpd_notify:

 Unexpected driver unregister!
 WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 253 at drivers/base/driver.c:270 driver_unregister+0x8a/0xb0
 Modules linked in: cros_usbpd_notify(-)
 CPU: 0 PID: 253 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.1.0-rc3 #24
 ...
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  cros_usbpd_notify_exit+0x11/0x1e [cros_usbpd_notify]
  __x64_sys_delete_module+0x3c7/0x570
  ? __ia32_sys_delete_module+0x570/0x570
  ? lock_is_held_type+0xe3/0x140
  ? syscall_enter_from_user_mode+0x17/0x50
  ? rcu_read_lock_sched_held+0xa0/0xd0
  ? syscall_enter_from_user_mode+0x1c/0x50
  do_syscall_64+0x37/0x90
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
 RIP: 0033:0x7f333fe9b1b7

The reason is that the cros_usbpd_notify_init() does not check the return
value of platform_driver_register(), and the cros_usbpd_notify can
install successfully even if platform_driver_register() failed.

Fix by checking the return value of platform_driver_register() and
unregister cros_usbpd_notify_plat_driver when it failed.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nfc: fix segfault in nfc_genl_dump_devices_done

When kmalloc in nfc_genl_dump_devices() fails then
nfc_genl_dump_devices_done() segfaults as below

KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000008-0x000000000000000f]
CPU: 0 PID: 25 Comm: kworker/0:1 Not tainted 5.16.0-rc4-01180-g2a987e65025e-dirty #5
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.14.0-6.fc35 04/01/2014
Workqueue: events netlink_sock_destruct_work
RIP: 0010:klist_iter_exit+0x26/0x80
Call Trace:
<TASK>
class_dev_iter_exit+0x15/0x20
nfc_genl_dump_devices_done+0x3b/0x50
genl_lock_done+0x84/0xd0
netlink_sock_destruct+0x8f/0x270
__sk_destruct+0x64/0x3b0
sk_destruct+0xa8/0xd0
__sk_free+0x2e8/0x3d0
sk_free+0x51/0x90
netlink_sock_destruct_work+0x1c/0x20
process_one_work+0x411/0x710
worker_thread+0x6fd/0xa80


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mISDN: hfcpci: Fix warning when deleting uninitialized timer

With CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS unloading hfcpci module leads
to the following splat:

[  250.215892] ODEBUG: assert_init not available (active state 0) object: ffffffffc01a3dc0 object type: timer_list hint: 0x0
[  250.217520] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 233 at lib/debugobjects.c:612 debug_print_object+0x1b6/0x2c0
[  250.218775] Modules linked in: hfcpci(-) mISDN_core
[  250.219537] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 233 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.17.0-rc2-g6f713187ac98 #2 PREEMPT(voluntary)
[  250.220940] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
[  250.222377] RIP: 0010:debug_print_object+0x1b6/0x2c0
[  250.223131] Code: fc ff df 48 89 fa 48 c1 ea 03 80 3c 02 00 75 4f 41 56 48 8b 14 dd a0 4e 01 9f 48 89 ee 48 c7 c7 20 46 01 9f e8 cb 84d
[  250.225805] RSP: 0018:ffff888015ea7c08 EFLAGS: 00010286
[  250.226608] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000005 RCX: ffffffff9be93a95
[  250.227708] RDX: 1ffff1100d945138 RSI: 0000000000000008 RDI: ffff88806ca289c0
[  250.228993] RBP: ffffffff9f014a00 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed1002bd4f39
[  250.230043] R10: ffff888015ea79cf R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000001
[  250.231185] R13: ffffffff9eea0520 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffff888015ea7cc8
[  250.232454] FS:  00007f3208f01540(0000) GS:ffff8880caf5a000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[  250.233851] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[  250.234856] CR2: 00007f32090a7421 CR3: 0000000004d63000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
[  250.236117] Call Trace:
[  250.236599]  <TASK>
[  250.236967]  ? trace_irq_enable.constprop.0+0xd4/0x130
[  250.237920]  debug_object_assert_init+0x1f6/0x310
[  250.238762]  ? __pfx_debug_object_assert_init+0x10/0x10
[  250.239658]  ? __lock_acquire+0xdea/0x1c70
[  250.240369]  __try_to_del_timer_sync+0x69/0x140
[  250.241172]  ? __pfx___try_to_del_timer_sync+0x10/0x10
[  250.242058]  ? __timer_delete_sync+0xc6/0x120
[  250.242842]  ? lock_acquire+0x30/0x80
[  250.243474]  ? __timer_delete_sync+0xc6/0x120
[  250.244262]  __timer_delete_sync+0x98/0x120
[  250.245015]  HFC_cleanup+0x10/0x20 [hfcpci]
[  250.245704]  __do_sys_delete_module+0x348/0x510
[  250.246461]  ? __pfx___do_sys_delete_module+0x10/0x10
[  250.247338]  do_syscall_64+0xc1/0x360
[  250.247924]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

Fix this by initializing hfc_tl timer with DEFINE_TIMER macro.
Also, use mod_timer instead of manual timeout update.


Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host versions prior to 25.1.102 and Application versions prior to 25.1.1413 include Windows client components (PrinterInstallerClientInterface.exe, PrinterInstallerClient.exe, PrinterInstallerClientLauncher.exe) that lack modern compile-time and runtime exploit mitigations and rely on outdated runtimes. These binaries are built as 32-bit, without Data Execution Prevention (DEP), Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR), Control Flow Guard (CFG), or stack-protection, and they incorporate legacy technologies (Pascal/Delphi and Python 2) which are no longer commonly maintained. Several of these processes run with elevated privileges (NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM for PrinterInstallerClient.exe and PrinterInstallerClientLauncher.exe), and the client automatically downloads and installs printer drivers. The absence of modern memory safety mitigations and the use of unmaintained runtimes substantially increase the risk that memory-corruption or other exploit primitives — for example from crafted driver content or maliciously crafted inputs — can be turned into remote or local code execution and privilege escalation to SYSTEM. This vulnerability has been confirmed to be remediated, but it is unclear as to when the patch was introduced.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

perf: arm-ni: Unregister PMUs on probe failure

When a resource allocation fails in one clock domain of an NI device,
we need to properly roll back all previously registered perf PMUs in
other clock domains of the same device.

Otherwise, it can lead to kernel panics.

Calling arm_ni_init+0x0/0xff8 [arm_ni] @ 2374
arm-ni ARMHCB70:00: Failed to request PMU region 0x1f3c13000
arm-ni ARMHCB70:00: probe with driver arm-ni failed with error -16
list_add corruption: next->prev should be prev (fffffd01e9698a18),
but was 0000000000000000. (next=ffff10001a0decc8).
pstate: 6340009 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO +TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
pc : list_add_valid_or_report+0x7c/0xb8
lr : list_add_valid_or_report+0x7c/0xb8
Call trace:
 __list_add_valid_or_report+0x7c/0xb8
 perf_pmu_register+0x22c/0x3a0
 arm_ni_probe+0x554/0x70c [arm_ni]
 platform_probe+0x70/0xe8
 really_probe+0xc6/0x4d8
 driver_probe_device+0x48/0x170
 __driver_attach+0x8e/0x1c0
 bus_for_each_dev+0x64/0xf0
 driver_add+0x138/0x260
 bus_add_driver+0x68/0x138
 __platform_driver_register+0x2c/0x40
 arm_ni_init+0x14/0x2a [arm_ni]
 do_init_module+0x36/0x298
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops - BUG: Fatal exception
SMP: stopping secondary CPUs


Juniper Networks Junos OS uses the 128.0.0.0/2 subnet for internal communications between the RE and PFEs. It was discovered that packets utilizing these IP addresses may egress an EX4300 switch, leaking configuration information such as heartbeats, kernel versions, etc. out to the Internet, leading to an information exposure vulnerability. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS: 14.1X53 versions prior to 14.1X53-D53 on EX4300; 15.1 versions prior to 15.1R7-S6 on EX4300; 15.1X49 versions prior to 15.1X49-D200, 15.1X49-D210 on EX4300; 16.1 versions prior to 16.1R7-S7 on EX4300; 17.1 versions prior to 17.1R2-S11, 17.1R3-S2 on EX4300; 17.2 versions prior to 17.2R3-S3 on EX4300; 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R2-S5, 17.3R3-S7 on EX4300; 17.4 versions prior to 17.4R2-S9, 17.4R3 on EX4300; 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R3-S8 on EX4300; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R3-S2 on EX4300; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R2-S3, 18.3R3, 18.3R3-S1 on EX4300; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R1-S5, 18.4R2-S3, 18.4R3 on EX4300; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R1-S4, 19.1R2 on EX4300; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R1-S4, 19.2R2 on EX4300; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R1-S1, 19.3R2 on EX4300.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

soundwire: bus: Fix unbalanced pm_runtime_put() causing usage count underflow

This reverts commit
443a98e649b4 ("soundwire: bus: use pm_runtime_resume_and_get()")

Change calls to pm_runtime_resume_and_get() back to pm_runtime_get_sync().
This fixes a usage count underrun caused by doing a pm_runtime_put() even
though pm_runtime_resume_and_get() returned an error.

The three affected functions ignore -EACCES error from trying to get
pm_runtime, and carry on, including a put at the end of the function.
But pm_runtime_resume_and_get() does not increment the usage count if it
returns an error. So in the -EACCES case you must not call
pm_runtime_put().

The documentation for pm_runtime_get_sync() says:
 "Consider using pm_runtime_resume_and_get() ...  as this is likely to
 result in cleaner code."

In this case I don't think it results in cleaner code because the
pm_runtime_put() at the end of the function would have to be conditional on
the return value from pm_runtime_resume_and_get() at the top of the
function.

pm_runtime_get_sync() doesn't have this problem because it always
increments the count, so always needs a put. The code can just flow through
and do the pm_runtime_put() unconditionally.


SiYuan is a personal knowledge management system. Prior to 3.5.10, a path traversal vulnerability in the /export endpoint allows an attacker to read arbitrary files from the server filesystem. By exploiting double‑encoded traversal sequences, an attacker can access sensitive files such as conf/conf.json, which contains secrets including the API token, cookie signing key, and workspace access authentication code. Leaking these secrets may enable administrative access to the SiYuan kernel API, and in certain deployment scenarios could potentially be chained into remote code execution (RCE). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.5.10.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm: krealloc: Fix MTE false alarm in __do_krealloc

This patch addresses an issue introduced by commit 1a83a716ec233 ("mm:
krealloc: consider spare memory for __GFP_ZERO") which causes MTE
(Memory Tagging Extension) to falsely report a slab-out-of-bounds error.

The problem occurs when zeroing out spare memory in __do_krealloc. The
original code only considered software-based KASAN and did not account
for MTE. It does not reset the KASAN tag before calling memset, leading
to a mismatch between the pointer tag and the memory tag, resulting
in a false positive.

Example of the error:
==================================================================
swapper/0: BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in __memset+0x84/0x188
swapper/0: Write at addr f4ffff8005f0fdf0 by task swapper/0/1
swapper/0: Pointer tag: [f4], memory tag: [fe]
swapper/0:
swapper/0: CPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 6.12.
swapper/0: Hardware name: MT6991(ENG) (DT)
swapper/0: Call trace:
swapper/0:  dump_backtrace+0xfc/0x17c
swapper/0:  show_stack+0x18/0x28
swapper/0:  dump_stack_lvl+0x40/0xa0
swapper/0:  print_report+0x1b8/0x71c
swapper/0:  kasan_report+0xec/0x14c
swapper/0:  __do_kernel_fault+0x60/0x29c
swapper/0:  do_bad_area+0x30/0xdc
swapper/0:  do_tag_check_fault+0x20/0x34
swapper/0:  do_mem_abort+0x58/0x104
swapper/0:  el1_abort+0x3c/0x5c
swapper/0:  el1h_64_sync_handler+0x80/0xcc
swapper/0:  el1h_64_sync+0x68/0x6c
swapper/0:  __memset+0x84/0x188
swapper/0:  btf_populate_kfunc_set+0x280/0x3d8
swapper/0:  __register_btf_kfunc_id_set+0x43c/0x468
swapper/0:  register_btf_kfunc_id_set+0x48/0x60
swapper/0:  register_nf_nat_bpf+0x1c/0x40
swapper/0:  nf_nat_init+0xc0/0x128
swapper/0:  do_one_initcall+0x184/0x464
swapper/0:  do_initcall_level+0xdc/0x1b0
swapper/0:  do_initcalls+0x70/0xc0
swapper/0:  do_basic_setup+0x1c/0x28
swapper/0:  kernel_init_freeable+0x144/0x1b8
swapper/0:  kernel_init+0x20/0x1a8
swapper/0:  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
==================================================================


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ACPI: PAD: fix crash in exit_round_robin()

The kernel occasionally crashes in cpumask_clear_cpu(), which is called
within exit_round_robin(), because when executing clear_bit(nr, addr) with
nr set to 0xffffffff, the address calculation may cause misalignment within
the memory, leading to access to an invalid memory address.

----------
BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ffffffffe0740618
        ...
CPU: 3 PID: 2919323 Comm: acpi_pad/14 Kdump: loaded Tainted: G           OE  X --------- -  - 4.18.0-425.19.2.el8_7.x86_64 #1
        ...
RIP: 0010:power_saving_thread+0x313/0x411 [acpi_pad]
Code: 89 cd 48 89 d3 eb d1 48 c7 c7 55 70 72 c0 e8 64 86 b0 e4 c6 05 0d a1 02 00 01 e9 bc fd ff ff 45 89 e4 42 8b 04 a5 20 82 72 c0 <f0> 48 0f b3 05 f4 9c 01 00 42 c7 04 a5 20 82 72 c0 ff ff ff ff 31
RSP: 0018:ff72a5d51fa77ec8 EFLAGS: 00010202
RAX: 00000000ffffffff RBX: ff462981e5d8cb80 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000246 RDI: 0000000000000246
RBP: ff46297556959d80 R08: 0000000000000382 R09: ff46297c8d0f38d8
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 000000000000000e
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffffffffffffffff R15: 000000000000000e
FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ff46297a800c0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: ffffffffe0740618 CR3: 0000007e20410004 CR4: 0000000000771ee0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
PKRU: 55555554
Call Trace:
 ? acpi_pad_add+0x120/0x120 [acpi_pad]
 kthread+0x10b/0x130
 ? set_kthread_struct+0x50/0x50
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x40
        ...
CR2: ffffffffe0740618

crash> dis -lr ffffffffc0726923
        ...
/usr/src/debug/kernel-4.18.0-425.19.2.el8_7/linux-4.18.0-425.19.2.el8_7.x86_64/./include/linux/cpumask.h: 114
0xffffffffc0726918 <power_saving_thread+776>:	mov    %r12d,%r12d
/usr/src/debug/kernel-4.18.0-425.19.2.el8_7/linux-4.18.0-425.19.2.el8_7.x86_64/./include/linux/cpumask.h: 325
0xffffffffc072691b <power_saving_thread+779>:	mov    -0x3f8d7de0(,%r12,4),%eax
/usr/src/debug/kernel-4.18.0-425.19.2.el8_7/linux-4.18.0-425.19.2.el8_7.x86_64/./arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h: 80
0xffffffffc0726923 <power_saving_thread+787>:	lock btr %rax,0x19cf4(%rip)        # 0xffffffffc0740620 <pad_busy_cpus_bits>

crash> px tsk_in_cpu[14]
$66 = 0xffffffff

crash> px 0xffffffffc072692c+0x19cf4
$99 = 0xffffffffc0740620

crash> sym 0xffffffffc0740620
ffffffffc0740620 (b) pad_busy_cpus_bits [acpi_pad]

crash> px pad_busy_cpus_bits[0]
$42 = 0xfffc0
----------

To fix this, ensure that tsk_in_cpu[tsk_index] != -1 before calling
cpumask_clear_cpu() in exit_round_robin(), just as it is done in
round_robin_cpu().

[ rjw: Subject edit, avoid updates to the same value ]


An issue was discovered in Pulse Secure Pulse Connect Secure (PCS) through 2020-04-06. The applet in tncc.jar, executed on macOS, Linux, and Solaris clients when a Host Checker policy is enforced, launches a TCP server that accepts local connections on a random port. This can be reached by local HTTP clients, because up to 25 invalid lines are ignored, and because DNS rebinding can occur. (This server accepts, for example, a setcookie command that might be relevant to CVE-2020-11581 exploitation.)


A Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime vulnerability in the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an adjacent, unauthenticated attacker to cause an FPC to crash, leading to Denial of Service (DoS).

On all Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved platforms, in an EVPN-VXLAN scenario, when specific ARP packets are received on an IPv4 network, or specific NDP packets are received on an IPv6 network, kernel heap memory leaks, which eventually leads to an FPC crash and restart.

This issue does not affect MX Series platforms.
Heap size growth on FPC can be seen using below command.

user@host> show chassis fpc
                    Temp CPU Utilization (%) CPU Utilization (%) Memory   Utilization (%)
Slot State           (C) Total Interrupt     1min   5min   15min   DRAM (MB)   Heap   Buffer
  0 Online           45     3         0       2       2      2       32768      19       0 <<<<<<< Heap increase in all fPCs

This issue affects Junos OS:

  *  All versions before 21.2R3-S7,
  *  21.4 versions before 21.4R3-S4,
  *  22.2 versions before 22.2R3-S1,
  *  22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S1,
  *  22.4 versions before 22.4R2-S2, 22.4R3.

and Junos OS Evolved:

  *  All versions before 21.2R3-S7-EVO,
  *  21.4-EVO versions before 21.4R3-S4-EVO,
  *  22.2-EVO versions before 22.2R3-S1-EVO,
  *  22.3-EVO versions before 22.3R3-S1-EVO,

  *  22.4-EVO versions before 22.4R3-EVO.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

md-raid10: fix KASAN warning

There's a KASAN warning in raid10_remove_disk when running the lvm
test lvconvert-raid-reshape.sh. We fix this warning by verifying that the
value "number" is valid.

BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in raid10_remove_disk+0x61/0x2a0 [raid10]
Read of size 8 at addr ffff889108f3d300 by task mdX_raid10/124682

CPU: 3 PID: 124682 Comm: mdX_raid10 Not tainted 5.19.0-rc6 #1
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.14.0-2 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x34/0x44
 print_report.cold+0x45/0x57a
 ? __lock_text_start+0x18/0x18
 ? raid10_remove_disk+0x61/0x2a0 [raid10]
 kasan_report+0xa8/0xe0
 ? raid10_remove_disk+0x61/0x2a0 [raid10]
 raid10_remove_disk+0x61/0x2a0 [raid10]
Buffer I/O error on dev dm-76, logical block 15344, async page read
 ? __mutex_unlock_slowpath.constprop.0+0x1e0/0x1e0
 remove_and_add_spares+0x367/0x8a0 [md_mod]
 ? super_written+0x1c0/0x1c0 [md_mod]
 ? mutex_trylock+0xac/0x120
 ? _raw_spin_lock+0x72/0xc0
 ? _raw_spin_lock_bh+0xc0/0xc0
 md_check_recovery+0x848/0x960 [md_mod]
 raid10d+0xcf/0x3360 [raid10]
 ? sched_clock_cpu+0x185/0x1a0
 ? rb_erase+0x4d4/0x620
 ? var_wake_function+0xe0/0xe0
 ? psi_group_change+0x411/0x500
 ? preempt_count_sub+0xf/0xc0
 ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x78/0xc0
 ? __lock_text_start+0x18/0x18
 ? raid10_sync_request+0x36c0/0x36c0 [raid10]
 ? preempt_count_sub+0xf/0xc0
 ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x19/0x40
 ? del_timer_sync+0xa9/0x100
 ? try_to_del_timer_sync+0xc0/0xc0
 ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x78/0xc0
 ? __lock_text_start+0x18/0x18
 ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x11/0x24
 ? __list_del_entry_valid+0x68/0xa0
 ? finish_wait+0xa3/0x100
 md_thread+0x161/0x260 [md_mod]
 ? unregister_md_personality+0xa0/0xa0 [md_mod]
 ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x78/0xc0
 ? prepare_to_wait_event+0x2c0/0x2c0
 ? unregister_md_personality+0xa0/0xa0 [md_mod]
 kthread+0x148/0x180
 ? kthread_complete_and_exit+0x20/0x20
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
 </TASK>

Allocated by task 124495:
 kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40
 __kasan_kmalloc+0x80/0xa0
 setup_conf+0x140/0x5c0 [raid10]
 raid10_run+0x4cd/0x740 [raid10]
 md_run+0x6f9/0x1300 [md_mod]
 raid_ctr+0x2531/0x4ac0 [dm_raid]
 dm_table_add_target+0x2b0/0x620 [dm_mod]
 table_load+0x1c8/0x400 [dm_mod]
 ctl_ioctl+0x29e/0x560 [dm_mod]
 dm_compat_ctl_ioctl+0x7/0x20 [dm_mod]
 __do_compat_sys_ioctl+0xfa/0x160
 do_syscall_64+0x90/0xc0
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0

Last potentially related work creation:
 kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40
 __kasan_record_aux_stack+0x9e/0xc0
 kvfree_call_rcu+0x84/0x480
 timerfd_release+0x82/0x140
L __fput+0xfa/0x400
 task_work_run+0x80/0xc0
 exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x155/0x160
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x12/0x40
 do_syscall_64+0x42/0xc0
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0

Second to last potentially related work creation:
 kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40
 __kasan_record_aux_stack+0x9e/0xc0
 kvfree_call_rcu+0x84/0x480
 timerfd_release+0x82/0x140
 __fput+0xfa/0x400
 task_work_run+0x80/0xc0
 exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x155/0x160
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x12/0x40
 do_syscall_64+0x42/0xc0
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff889108f3d200
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-256 of size 256
The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of
 256-byte region [ffff889108f3d200, ffff889108f3d300)

The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
page:000000007ef2a34c refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x1108f3c
head:000000007ef2a34c order:2 compound_mapcount:0 compound_pincount:0
flags: 0x4000000000010200(slab|head|zone=2)
raw: 4000000000010200 0000000000000000 dead000000000001 ffff889100042b40
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000080200020 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff889108f3d200: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
 ffff889108f3d280: 00 00
---truncated---


async-h1 is an asynchronous HTTP/1.1 parser for Rust (crates.io). There is a request smuggling vulnerability in async-h1 before version 2.3.0. This vulnerability affects any webserver that uses async-h1 behind a reverse proxy, including all such Tide applications. If the server does not read the body of a request which is longer than some buffer length, async-h1 will attempt to read a subsequent request from the body content starting at that offset into the body. One way to exploit this vulnerability would be for an adversary to craft a request such that the body contains a request that would not be noticed by a reverse proxy, allowing it to forge forwarded/x-forwarded headers. If an application trusted the authenticity of these headers, it could be misled by the smuggled request. Another potential concern with this vulnerability is that if a reverse proxy is sending multiple http clients' requests along the same keep-alive connection, it would be possible for the smuggled request to specify a long content and capture another user's request in its body. This content could be captured in a post request to an endpoint that allows the content to be subsequently retrieved by the adversary. This has been addressed in async-h1 2.3.0 and previous versions have been yanked.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

kernfs: Fix UAF in polling when open file is released

A use-after-free (UAF) vulnerability was identified in the PSI (Pressure
Stall Information) monitoring mechanism:

BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in psi_trigger_poll+0x3c/0x140
Read of size 8 at addr ffff3de3d50bd308 by task systemd/1

psi_trigger_poll+0x3c/0x140
cgroup_pressure_poll+0x70/0xa0
cgroup_file_poll+0x8c/0x100
kernfs_fop_poll+0x11c/0x1c0
ep_item_poll.isra.0+0x188/0x2c0

Allocated by task 1:
cgroup_file_open+0x88/0x388
kernfs_fop_open+0x73c/0xaf0
do_dentry_open+0x5fc/0x1200
vfs_open+0xa0/0x3f0
do_open+0x7e8/0xd08
path_openat+0x2fc/0x6b0
do_filp_open+0x174/0x368

Freed by task 8462:
cgroup_file_release+0x130/0x1f8
kernfs_drain_open_files+0x17c/0x440
kernfs_drain+0x2dc/0x360
kernfs_show+0x1b8/0x288
cgroup_file_show+0x150/0x268
cgroup_pressure_write+0x1dc/0x340
cgroup_file_write+0x274/0x548

Reproduction Steps:
1. Open test/cpu.pressure and establish epoll monitoring
2. Disable monitoring: echo 0 > test/cgroup.pressure
3. Re-enable monitoring: echo 1 > test/cgroup.pressure

The race condition occurs because:
1. When cgroup.pressure is disabled (echo 0 > cgroup.pressure), it:
   - Releases PSI triggers via cgroup_file_release()
   - Frees of->priv through kernfs_drain_open_files()
2. While epoll still holds reference to the file and continues polling
3. Re-enabling (echo 1 > cgroup.pressure) accesses freed of->priv

epolling			disable/enable cgroup.pressure
fd=open(cpu.pressure)
while(1)
...
epoll_wait
kernfs_fop_poll
kernfs_get_active = true	echo 0 > cgroup.pressure
...				cgroup_file_show
				kernfs_show
				// inactive kn
				kernfs_drain_open_files
				cft->release(of);
				kfree(ctx);
				...
kernfs_get_active = false
				echo 1 > cgroup.pressure
				kernfs_show
				kernfs_activate_one(kn);
kernfs_fop_poll
kernfs_get_active = true
cgroup_file_poll
psi_trigger_poll
// UAF
...
end: close(fd)

To address this issue, introduce kernfs_get_active_of() for kernfs open
files to obtain active references. This function will fail if the open file
has been released. Replace kernfs_get_active() with kernfs_get_active_of()
to prevent further operations on released file descriptors.


A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix SAML (Mendix 7 compatible) (All versions < V1.17.0), Mendix SAML (Mendix 7 compatible) (All versions >= V1.17.0 < V1.17.2), Mendix SAML (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions < V2.3.0), Mendix SAML (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions >= V2.3.0 < V2.3.2), Mendix SAML (Mendix 9 compatible, New Track) (All versions < V3.3.1), Mendix SAML (Mendix 9 compatible, New Track) (All versions >= V3.3.1 < V3.3.5), Mendix SAML (Mendix 9 compatible, Upgrade Track) (All versions < V3.3.0), Mendix SAML (Mendix 9 compatible, Upgrade Track) (All versions >= V3.3.0 < V3.3.4). Affected versions of the module insufficiently protect from packet capture replay, only when the not recommended, non default configuration option `'Allow Idp Initiated Authentication'` is enabled. This CVE entry describes the incomplete fix for CVE-2022-37011 in a specific non default configuration.


Privilege Defined With Unsafe Actions vulnerability in Apache Cassandra. An user with MODIFY permission ON ALL KEYSPACES can escalate privileges to superuser within a targeted Cassandra cluster via unsafe actions to a system resource. Operators granting data MODIFY permission on all keyspaces on affected versions should review data access rules for potential breaches.

This issue affects Apache Cassandra 3.0.30, 3.11.17, 4.0.16, 4.1.7, 5.0.2, but this advisory is only for 4.0.16 because the fix to CVE-2025-23015 was incorrectly applied to 4.0.16, so that version is still affected.

Users in the 4.0 series are recommended to upgrade to version 4.0.17 which fixes the issue. Users from 3.0, 3.11, 4.1 and 5.0 series should follow recommendation from CVE-2025-23015.


The Profile Builder – User Profile & User Registration Forms plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized password resets  in versions up to, and including 3.9.0. This is due to the plugin using native password reset functionality, with insufficient validation on the password reset function (wppb_front_end_password_recovery). The function uses the plaintext value of a password reset key instead of a hashed value which means it can easily be retrieved and subsequently used. An attacker can leverage CVE-2023-0814, or another vulnerability like SQL Injection in another plugin or theme installed on the site to successfully exploit this vulnerability.


This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of CentOS Web Panel cwp-e17.0.9.8.923. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within ajax_list_accounts.php. When parsing the username parameter, the process does not properly validate a user-supplied string before using it to construct SQL queries. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to disclose information in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-9717.


On Juniper Networks Junos EX series, QFX Series, MX Series and SRX branch series devices, a memory leak occurs every time the 802.1X authenticator port interface flaps which can lead to other processes, such as the pfex process, responsible for packet forwarding, to crash and restart. An administrator can use the following CLI command to monitor the status of memory consumption: user@device> show task memory detail Please refer to https://kb.juniper.net/KB31522 for details. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS: 14.1X53 versions prior to 14.1X53-D54; 15.1X49 versions prior to 15.1X49-D240 ; 15.1X53 versions prior to 15.1X53-D593; 16.1 versions prior to 16.1R7-S8; 17.2 versions prior to 17.2R3-S4; 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R3-S8; 17.4 versions prior to 17.4R2-S11, 17.4R3-S2; 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R3-S10 ; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R2-S7, 18.2R3-S3; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R2-S4, 18.3R3-S2; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R1-S7, 18.4R2-S4, 18.4R3-S2; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R1-S5, 19.1R2-S2, 19.1R3; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R1-S5, 19.2R2; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R2-S3, 19.3R3; 19.4 versions prior to 19.4R1-S2, 19.4R2. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS 12.3, 15.1.


Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.6.0-alpha.15 and 8.6.41, an attacker who is allowed to upload files can bypass the file extension filter by appending a MIME parameter (e.g. `;charset=utf-8`) to the `Content-Type` header. This causes the extension validation to fail matching against the blocklist, allowing active content to be stored and served under the application's domain. In addition, certain XML-based file extensions that can render scripts in web browsers are not included in the default blocklist. This can lead to stored XSS attacks, compromising session tokens, user credentials, or other sensitive data accessible via the browser's local storage. The fix in versions 9.6.0-alpha.15 and 8.6.41 strips MIME parameters from the `Content-Type` header before validating the file extension against the blocklist. The default blocklist has also been extended to include additional XML-based extensions (`xsd`, `rng`, `rdf`, `rdf+xml`, `owl`, `mathml`, `mathml+xml`) that can render active content in web browsers. Note that the `fileUpload.fileExtensions` option is intended to be configured as an allowlist of file extensions that are valid for a specific application, not as a denylist. The default denylist is provided only as a basic default that covers most common problematic extensions. It is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all potentially dangerous extensions. Developers should not rely on the default value, as new extensions that can render active content in browsers might emerge in the future. As a workaround, configure the `fileUpload.fileExtensions` option to use an allowlist of only the file extensions that your application needs, rather than relying on the default blocklist.


ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. Prior to 7.1.0, a SQL injection vulnerability exists in PropertyTypeEditor.php, part of the administration functionality for managing property type categories (People → Person Properties / Family Properties). The vulnerability was introduced when legacyFilterInput() which both strips HTML and escapes SQL — was replaced with sanitizeText(), which strips HTML only. User-supplied values from the Name and Description fields are concatenated directly into raw INSERT and UPDATE queries with no SQL escaping. This allows any authenticated user with the MenuOptions role (a non-admin staff permission) to perform time-based blind injection and exfiltrate any data from the database, including password hashes of all users. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.0.


The Ally – Web Accessibility & Usability plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to SQL Injection via the URL path in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.3. This is due to insufficient escaping on the user-supplied URL parameter in the `get_global_remediations()` method, where it is directly concatenated into an SQL JOIN clause without proper sanitization for SQL context. While `esc_url_raw()` is applied for URL safety, it does not prevent SQL metacharacters (single quotes, parentheses) from being injected. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database via time-based blind SQL injection techniques. The Remediation module must be active, which requires the plugin to be connected to an Elementor account.


Jellyfin is an open source self hosted media server. Versions prior to 10.11.7 contain a denial of service vulnerability in the SyncPlay group creation endpoint (POST /SyncPlay/New), where an authenticated user can create groups with names of unlimited size due to insufficient input validation. By sending large payloads combined with arbitrary group IDs, an attacker can lock out the endpoint for other clients attempting to join SyncPlay groups and significantly increase the memory usage of the Jellyfin process, potentially leading to an out-of-memory crash. This issue has been fixed in version 10.11.7.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fsdax: Fix infinite loop in dax_iomap_rw()

I got an infinite loop and a WARNING report when executing a tail command
in virtiofs.

  WARNING: CPU: 10 PID: 964 at fs/iomap/iter.c:34 iomap_iter+0x3a2/0x3d0
  Modules linked in:
  CPU: 10 PID: 964 Comm: tail Not tainted 5.19.0-rc7
  Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  dax_iomap_rw+0xea/0x620
  ? __this_cpu_preempt_check+0x13/0x20
  fuse_dax_read_iter+0x47/0x80
  fuse_file_read_iter+0xae/0xd0
  new_sync_read+0xfe/0x180
  ? 0xffffffff81000000
  vfs_read+0x14d/0x1a0
  ksys_read+0x6d/0xf0
  __x64_sys_read+0x1a/0x20
  do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd

The tail command will call read() with a count of 0. In this case,
iomap_iter() will report this WARNING, and always return 1 which casuing
the infinite loop in dax_iomap_rw().

Fixing by checking count whether is 0 in dax_iomap_rw().


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/i915/vma: Fix UAF on destroy against retire race

Object debugging tools were sporadically reporting illegal attempts to
free a still active i915 VMA object when parking a GT believed to be idle.

[161.359441] ODEBUG: free active (active state 0) object: ffff88811643b958 object type: i915_active hint: __i915_vma_active+0x0/0x50 [i915]
[161.360082] WARNING: CPU: 5 PID: 276 at lib/debugobjects.c:514 debug_print_object+0x80/0xb0
...
[161.360304] CPU: 5 PID: 276 Comm: kworker/5:2 Not tainted 6.5.0-rc1-CI_DRM_13375-g003f860e5577+ #1
[161.360314] Hardware name: Intel Corporation Rocket Lake Client Platform/RocketLake S UDIMM 6L RVP, BIOS RKLSFWI1.R00.3173.A03.2204210138 04/21/2022
[161.360322] Workqueue: i915-unordered __intel_wakeref_put_work [i915]
[161.360592] RIP: 0010:debug_print_object+0x80/0xb0
...
[161.361347] debug_object_free+0xeb/0x110
[161.361362] i915_active_fini+0x14/0x130 [i915]
[161.361866] release_references+0xfe/0x1f0 [i915]
[161.362543] i915_vma_parked+0x1db/0x380 [i915]
[161.363129] __gt_park+0x121/0x230 [i915]
[161.363515] ____intel_wakeref_put_last+0x1f/0x70 [i915]

That has been tracked down to be happening when another thread is
deactivating the VMA inside __active_retire() helper, after the VMA's
active counter has been already decremented to 0, but before deactivation
of the VMA's object is reported to the object debugging tool.

We could prevent from that race by serializing i915_active_fini() with
__active_retire() via ref->tree_lock, but that wouldn't stop the VMA from
being used, e.g. from __i915_vma_retire() called at the end of
__active_retire(), after that VMA has been already freed by a concurrent
i915_vma_destroy() on return from the i915_active_fini().  Then, we should
rather fix the issue at the VMA level, not in i915_active.

Since __i915_vma_parked() is called from __gt_park() on last put of the
GT's wakeref, the issue could be addressed by holding the GT wakeref long
enough for __active_retire() to complete before that wakeref is released
and the GT parked.

I believe the issue was introduced by commit d93939730347 ("drm/i915:
Remove the vma refcount") which moved a call to i915_active_fini() from
a dropped i915_vma_release(), called on last put of the removed VMA kref,
to i915_vma_parked() processing path called on last put of a GT wakeref.
However, its visibility to the object debugging tool was suppressed by a
bug in i915_active that was fixed two weeks later with commit e92eb246feb9
("drm/i915/active: Fix missing debug object activation").

A VMA associated with a request doesn't acquire a GT wakeref by itself.
Instead, it depends on a wakeref held directly by the request's active
intel_context for a GT associated with its VM, and indirectly on that
intel_context's engine wakeref if the engine belongs to the same GT as the
VMA's VM.  Those wakerefs are released asynchronously to VMA deactivation.

Fix the issue by getting a wakeref for the VMA's GT when activating it,
and putting that wakeref only after the VMA is deactivated.  However,
exclude global GTT from that processing path, otherwise the GPU never goes
idle.  Since __i915_vma_retire() may be called from atomic contexts, use
async variant of wakeref put.  Also, to avoid circular locking dependency,
take care of acquiring the wakeref before VM mutex when both are needed.

v7: Add inline comments with justifications for:
    - using untracked variants of intel_gt_pm_get/put() (Nirmoy),
    - using async variant of _put(),
    - not getting the wakeref in case of a global GTT,
    - always getting the first wakeref outside vm->mutex.
v6: Since __i915_vma_active/retire() callbacks are not serialized, storing
    a wakeref tracking handle inside struct i915_vma is not safe, and
    there is no other good place for that.  Use untracked variants of
    intel_gt_pm_get/put_async().
v5: Replace "tile" with "GT" across commit description (Rodrigo),
  -
---truncated---


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

cdrom: rearrange last_media_change check to avoid unintentional overflow

When running syzkaller with the newly reintroduced signed integer wrap
sanitizer we encounter this splat:

[  366.015950] UBSAN: signed-integer-overflow in ../drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c:2361:33
[  366.021089] -9223372036854775808 - 346321 cannot be represented in type '__s64' (aka 'long long')
[  366.025894] program syz-executor.4 is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
[  366.027502] CPU: 5 PID: 28472 Comm: syz-executor.7 Not tainted 6.8.0-rc2-00035-gb3ef86b5a957 #1
[  366.027512] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
[  366.027518] Call Trace:
[  366.027523]  <TASK>
[  366.027533]  dump_stack_lvl+0x93/0xd0
[  366.027899]  handle_overflow+0x171/0x1b0
[  366.038787] ata1.00: invalid multi_count 32 ignored
[  366.043924]  cdrom_ioctl+0x2c3f/0x2d10
[  366.063932]  ? __pm_runtime_resume+0xe6/0x130
[  366.071923]  sr_block_ioctl+0x15d/0x1d0
[  366.074624]  ? __pfx_sr_block_ioctl+0x10/0x10
[  366.077642]  blkdev_ioctl+0x419/0x500
[  366.080231]  ? __pfx_blkdev_ioctl+0x10/0x10
...

Historically, the signed integer overflow sanitizer did not work in the
kernel due to its interaction with `-fwrapv` but this has since been
changed [1] in the newest version of Clang. It was re-enabled in the
kernel with Commit 557f8c582a9ba8ab ("ubsan: Reintroduce signed overflow
sanitizer").

Let's rearrange the check to not perform any arithmetic, thus not
tripping the sanitizer.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

perf/x86/lbr: Filter vsyscall addresses

We found that a panic can occur when a vsyscall is made while LBR sampling
is active. If the vsyscall is interrupted (NMI) for perf sampling, this
call sequence can occur (most recent at top):

    __insn_get_emulate_prefix()
    insn_get_emulate_prefix()
    insn_get_prefixes()
    insn_get_opcode()
    decode_branch_type()
    get_branch_type()
    intel_pmu_lbr_filter()
    intel_pmu_handle_irq()
    perf_event_nmi_handler()

Within __insn_get_emulate_prefix() at frame 0, a macro is called:

    peek_nbyte_next(insn_byte_t, insn, i)

Within this macro, this dereference occurs:

    (insn)->next_byte

Inspecting registers at this point, the value of the next_byte field is the
address of the vsyscall made, for example the location of the vsyscall
version of gettimeofday() at 0xffffffffff600000. The access to an address
in the vsyscall region will trigger an oops due to an unhandled page fault.

To fix the bug, filtering for vsyscalls can be done when
determining the branch type. This patch will return
a "none" branch if a kernel address if found to lie in the
vsyscall region.


A local privilege escalation (LPE) vulnerability has been identified in Phish Alert Button for Outlook (PAB), specifically within its configuration management functionalities. This vulnerability allows a regular user to modify the application's configuration file to redirect update checks to an arbitrary server, which can then be exploited in conjunction with CVE-2024-29209 to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.

The issue stems from improper permission settings on the application's configuration file, which is stored in a common directory accessible to all users. This file includes critical parameters, such as the update server URL. By default, the application does not enforce adequate access controls on this file, allowing non-privileged users to modify it without administrative consent.

An attacker with regular user access can alter the update server URL specified in the configuration file to point to a malicious server. When the application performs its next update check, it will contact the attacker-controlled server. If the system is also vulnerable to CVE-2024-29209, the attacker can deliver a malicious update package that, when executed, grants them elevated privileges.

Impact:
This vulnerability can lead to a regular user executing code with administrative privileges. This can result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, installation of additional malware, and a full takeover of the affected system.

Affected Products:
Phish Alert Button (PAB) for Outlook versions 1.10.0-1.10.11
Second Chance Client versions 2.0.0-2.0.9
PIQ Client versions 1.0.0-1.0.15

Remediation:
KnowBe4 has released a patch that corrects the permission settings on the configuration file to prevent unauthorized modifications. Automated updates will be pushed to address this issue. Users of affected versions should verify the latest version is applied and, if not, apply the latest updates provided by KnowBe4.

Workarounds:
Manually set the correct permissions on the configuration file to restrict write access to administrators only.

Credits:
This vulnerability was discovered by Ceri Coburn at Pen Test Partners, who reported it responsibly to the vendor.


IOMMU page mapping issues on x86 T[his CNA information record relates to multiple CVEs; the text explains which aspects/vulnerabilities correspond to which CVE.] Both AMD and Intel allow ACPI tables to specify regions of memory which should be left untranslated, which typically means these addresses should pass the translation phase unaltered. While these are typically device specific ACPI properties, they can also be specified to apply to a range of devices, or even all devices. On all systems with such regions Xen failed to prevent guests from undoing/replacing such mappings (CVE-2021-28694). On AMD systems, where a discontinuous range is specified by firmware, the supposedly-excluded middle range will also be identity-mapped (CVE-2021-28695). Further, on AMD systems, upon de-assigment of a physical device from a guest, the identity mappings would be left in place, allowing a guest continued access to ranges of memory which it shouldn't have access to anymore (CVE-2021-28696).


A vulnerability has been identified in APOGEE PXC Compact (BACnet) (All versions < V3.5.5), APOGEE PXC Compact (P2 Ethernet) (All versions < V2.8.20), APOGEE PXC Modular (BACnet) (All versions < V3.5.5), APOGEE PXC Modular (P2 Ethernet) (All versions < V2.8.20), Nucleus NET (All versions < V5.2), Nucleus Source Code (Versions including affected DNS modules), TALON TC Compact (BACnet) (All versions < V3.5.5), TALON TC Modular (BACnet) (All versions < V3.5.5). The DNS domain name label parsing functionality does not properly validate the names in DNS-responses. The parsing of malformed responses could result in a write past the end of an allocated structure. An attacker with a privileged position in the network could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process or cause a denial-of-service condition.


Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to version 4.10.4, for regular (non-LiveQuery) queries, the session token is removed from the response, but for LiveQuery payloads it is currently not. If a user has a LiveQuery subscription on the `Parse.User` class, all session tokens created during user sign-ups will be broadcast as part of the LiveQuery payload. A patch in version 4.10.4 removes session tokens from the LiveQuery payload. As a workaround, set `user.acl(new Parse.ACL())` in a beforeSave trigger to make the user private already on sign-up.


In express-jwt (NPM package) up and including version 5.3.3, the algorithms entry to be specified in the configuration is not being enforced. When algorithms is not specified in the configuration, with the combination of jwks-rsa, it may lead to authorization bypass. You are affected by this vulnerability if all of the following conditions apply: - You are using express-jwt - You do not have **algorithms** configured in your express-jwt configuration. - You are using libraries such as jwks-rsa as the **secret**. You can fix this by specifying **algorithms** in the express-jwt configuration. See linked GHSA for example. This is also fixed in version 6.0.0.


SIF is an open source implementation of the Singularity Container Image Format. The `siftool new` command and func siftool.New() produce predictable UUID identifiers due to insecure randomness in the version of the `github.com/satori/go.uuid` module used as a dependency. A patch is available in version >= v1.2.3 of the module. Users are encouraged to upgrade. As a workaround, users passing CreateInfo struct should ensure the `ID` field is generated using a version of `github.com/satori/go.uuid` that is not vulnerable to this issue.


eMPS 9.0.1.923211 on FireEye EX 3500 devices allows remote authenticated users to conduct SQL injection attacks via the sort_by parameter to the email search feature. According to the vendor, the issue is fixed in 9.0.3. NOTE: this is different from CVE-2020-25034 and affects newer versions of the software.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: brcmfmac: Check the count value of channel spec to prevent out-of-bounds reads

This patch fixes slab-out-of-bounds reads in brcmfmac that occur in
brcmf_construct_chaninfo() and brcmf_enable_bw40_2g() when the count
value of channel specifications provided by the device is greater than
the length of 'list->element[]', decided by the size of the 'list'
allocated with kzalloc(). The patch adds checks that make the functions
free the buffer and return -EINVAL if that is the case. Note that the
negative return is handled by the caller, brcmf_setup_wiphybands() or
brcmf_cfg80211_attach().

Found by a modified version of syzkaller.

Crash Report from brcmf_construct_chaninfo():
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in brcmf_setup_wiphybands+0x1238/0x1430
Read of size 4 at addr ffff888115f24600 by task kworker/0:2/1896

CPU: 0 PID: 1896 Comm: kworker/0:2 Tainted: G        W  O      5.14.0+ #132
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.12.1-0-ga5cab58e9a3f-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
Workqueue: usb_hub_wq hub_event
Call Trace:
 dump_stack_lvl+0x57/0x7d
 print_address_description.constprop.0.cold+0x93/0x334
 kasan_report.cold+0x83/0xdf
 brcmf_setup_wiphybands+0x1238/0x1430
 brcmf_cfg80211_attach+0x2118/0x3fd0
 brcmf_attach+0x389/0xd40
 brcmf_usb_probe+0x12de/0x1690
 usb_probe_interface+0x25f/0x710
 really_probe+0x1be/0xa90
 __driver_probe_device+0x2ab/0x460
 driver_probe_device+0x49/0x120
 __device_attach_driver+0x18a/0x250
 bus_for_each_drv+0x123/0x1a0
 __device_attach+0x207/0x330
 bus_probe_device+0x1a2/0x260
 device_add+0xa61/0x1ce0
 usb_set_configuration+0x984/0x1770
 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x69/0x90
 usb_probe_device+0x9c/0x220
 really_probe+0x1be/0xa90
 __driver_probe_device+0x2ab/0x460
 driver_probe_device+0x49/0x120
 __device_attach_driver+0x18a/0x250
 bus_for_each_drv+0x123/0x1a0
 __device_attach+0x207/0x330
 bus_probe_device+0x1a2/0x260
 device_add+0xa61/0x1ce0
 usb_new_device.cold+0x463/0xf66
 hub_event+0x10d5/0x3330
 process_one_work+0x873/0x13e0
 worker_thread+0x8b/0xd10
 kthread+0x379/0x450
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30

Allocated by task 1896:
 kasan_save_stack+0x1b/0x40
 __kasan_kmalloc+0x7c/0x90
 kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x19e/0x330
 brcmf_setup_wiphybands+0x290/0x1430
 brcmf_cfg80211_attach+0x2118/0x3fd0
 brcmf_attach+0x389/0xd40
 brcmf_usb_probe+0x12de/0x1690
 usb_probe_interface+0x25f/0x710
 really_probe+0x1be/0xa90
 __driver_probe_device+0x2ab/0x460
 driver_probe_device+0x49/0x120
 __device_attach_driver+0x18a/0x250
 bus_for_each_drv+0x123/0x1a0
 __device_attach+0x207/0x330
 bus_probe_device+0x1a2/0x260
 device_add+0xa61/0x1ce0
 usb_set_configuration+0x984/0x1770
 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x69/0x90
 usb_probe_device+0x9c/0x220
 really_probe+0x1be/0xa90
 __driver_probe_device+0x2ab/0x460
 driver_probe_device+0x49/0x120
 __device_attach_driver+0x18a/0x250
 bus_for_each_drv+0x123/0x1a0
 __device_attach+0x207/0x330
 bus_probe_device+0x1a2/0x260
 device_add+0xa61/0x1ce0
 usb_new_device.cold+0x463/0xf66
 hub_event+0x10d5/0x3330
 process_one_work+0x873/0x13e0
 worker_thread+0x8b/0xd10
 kthread+0x379/0x450
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888115f24000
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-2k of size 2048
The buggy address is located 1536 bytes inside of
 2048-byte region [ffff888115f24000, ffff888115f24800)

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff888115f24500: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
 ffff888115f24580: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
>ffff888115f24600: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
                   ^
 ffff888115f24680: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
 ffff888115f24700: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
==================================================================

Crash Report from brcmf_enable_bw40_2g():
==========
---truncated---


A vulnerability was found in OpenMRS Appointment Scheduling Module up to 1.12.x. It has been classified as problematic. This affects the function validateFieldName of the file api/src/main/java/org/openmrs/module/appointmentscheduling/validator/AppointmentTypeValidator.java. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Upgrading to version 1.13.0 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is 34213c3f6ea22df427573076fb62744694f601d8. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-216915.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ext4: update orig_path in ext4_find_extent()

In ext4_find_extent(), if the path is not big enough, we free it and set
*orig_path to NULL. But after reallocating and successfully initializing
the path, we don't update *orig_path, in which case the caller gets a
valid path but a NULL ppath, and this may cause a NULL pointer dereference
or a path memory leak. For example:

ext4_split_extent
  path = *ppath = 2000
  ext4_find_extent
    if (depth > path[0].p_maxdepth)
      kfree(path = 2000);
      *orig_path = path = NULL;
      path = kcalloc() = 3000
  ext4_split_extent_at(*ppath = NULL)
    path = *ppath;
    ex = path[depth].p_ext;
    // NULL pointer dereference!

==================================================================
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000010
CPU: 6 UID: 0 PID: 576 Comm: fsstress Not tainted 6.11.0-rc2-dirty #847
RIP: 0010:ext4_split_extent_at+0x6d/0x560
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 ext4_split_extent.isra.0+0xcb/0x1b0
 ext4_ext_convert_to_initialized+0x168/0x6c0
 ext4_ext_handle_unwritten_extents+0x325/0x4d0
 ext4_ext_map_blocks+0x520/0xdb0
 ext4_map_blocks+0x2b0/0x690
 ext4_iomap_begin+0x20e/0x2c0
[...]
==================================================================

Therefore, *orig_path is updated when the extent lookup succeeds, so that
the caller can safely use path or *ppath.


SiYuan is a personal knowledge management system. Prior to 3.5.10, SiYuan's SVG sanitizer (SanitizeSVG) checks href attributes for the javascript: prefix using strings.HasPrefix(). However, inserting ASCII tab (), newline (), or carriage return () characters inside the javascript: string bypasses this prefix check. Browsers strip these characters per the WHATWG URL specification before parsing the URL scheme, so the JavaScript still executes. This allows an attacker to inject executable JavaScript into the unauthenticated /api/icon/getDynamicIcon endpoint, creating a reflected XSS. This is a second bypass of the fix for CVE-2026-29183 (fixed in v3.5.9). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.5.10.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

Bluetooth: Fix use-after-free bugs caused by sco_sock_timeout

When the sco connection is established and then, the sco socket
is releasing, timeout_work will be scheduled to judge whether
the sco disconnection is timeout. The sock will be deallocated
later, but it is dereferenced again in sco_sock_timeout. As a
result, the use-after-free bugs will happen. The root cause is
shown below:

    Cleanup Thread               |      Worker Thread
sco_sock_release                 |
  sco_sock_close                 |
    __sco_sock_close             |
      sco_sock_set_timer         |
        schedule_delayed_work    |
  sco_sock_kill                  |    (wait a time)
    sock_put(sk) //FREE          |  sco_sock_timeout
                                 |    sock_hold(sk) //USE

The KASAN report triggered by POC is shown below:

[   95.890016] ==================================================================
[   95.890496] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in sco_sock_timeout+0x5e/0x1c0
[   95.890755] Write of size 4 at addr ffff88800c388080 by task kworker/0:0/7
...
[   95.890755] Workqueue: events sco_sock_timeout
[   95.890755] Call Trace:
[   95.890755]  <TASK>
[   95.890755]  dump_stack_lvl+0x45/0x110
[   95.890755]  print_address_description+0x78/0x390
[   95.890755]  print_report+0x11b/0x250
[   95.890755]  ? __virt_addr_valid+0xbe/0xf0
[   95.890755]  ? sco_sock_timeout+0x5e/0x1c0
[   95.890755]  kasan_report+0x139/0x170
[   95.890755]  ? update_load_avg+0xe5/0x9f0
[   95.890755]  ? sco_sock_timeout+0x5e/0x1c0
[   95.890755]  kasan_check_range+0x2c3/0x2e0
[   95.890755]  sco_sock_timeout+0x5e/0x1c0
[   95.890755]  process_one_work+0x561/0xc50
[   95.890755]  worker_thread+0xab2/0x13c0
[   95.890755]  ? pr_cont_work+0x490/0x490
[   95.890755]  kthread+0x279/0x300
[   95.890755]  ? pr_cont_work+0x490/0x490
[   95.890755]  ? kthread_blkcg+0xa0/0xa0
[   95.890755]  ret_from_fork+0x34/0x60
[   95.890755]  ? kthread_blkcg+0xa0/0xa0
[   95.890755]  ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20
[   95.890755]  </TASK>
[   95.890755]
[   95.890755] Allocated by task 506:
[   95.890755]  kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x70
[   95.890755]  __kasan_kmalloc+0x86/0x90
[   95.890755]  __kmalloc+0x17f/0x360
[   95.890755]  sk_prot_alloc+0xe1/0x1a0
[   95.890755]  sk_alloc+0x31/0x4e0
[   95.890755]  bt_sock_alloc+0x2b/0x2a0
[   95.890755]  sco_sock_create+0xad/0x320
[   95.890755]  bt_sock_create+0x145/0x320
[   95.890755]  __sock_create+0x2e1/0x650
[   95.890755]  __sys_socket+0xd0/0x280
[   95.890755]  __x64_sys_socket+0x75/0x80
[   95.890755]  do_syscall_64+0xc4/0x1b0
[   95.890755]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0x6f
[   95.890755]
[   95.890755] Freed by task 506:
[   95.890755]  kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x70
[   95.890755]  kasan_save_free_info+0x40/0x50
[   95.890755]  poison_slab_object+0x118/0x180
[   95.890755]  __kasan_slab_free+0x12/0x30
[   95.890755]  kfree+0xb2/0x240
[   95.890755]  __sk_destruct+0x317/0x410
[   95.890755]  sco_sock_release+0x232/0x280
[   95.890755]  sock_close+0xb2/0x210
[   95.890755]  __fput+0x37f/0x770
[   95.890755]  task_work_run+0x1ae/0x210
[   95.890755]  get_signal+0xe17/0xf70
[   95.890755]  arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x3f/0x520
[   95.890755]  syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x55/0x120
[   95.890755]  do_syscall_64+0xd1/0x1b0
[   95.890755]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0x6f
[   95.890755]
[   95.890755] The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff88800c388000
[   95.890755]  which belongs to the cache kmalloc-1k of size 1024
[   95.890755] The buggy address is located 128 bytes inside of
[   95.890755]  freed 1024-byte region [ffff88800c388000, ffff88800c388400)
[   95.890755]
[   95.890755] The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
[   95.890755] page: refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88800c38a800 pfn:0xc388
[   95.890755] head: order:3 entire_mapcount:0 nr_pages_mapped:0 pincount:0
[   95.890755] ano
---truncated---


This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of CentOS Web Panel cwp-e17.0.9.8.923. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within ajax_php_pecl.php. When parsing the canal parameter, the process does not properly validate a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-9745.


This affects the package convict before 6.2.3. This is a bypass of [CVE-2022-22143](https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-CONVICT-2340604). The [fix](https://github.com/mozilla/node-convict/commit/3b86be087d8f14681a9c889d45da7fe3ad9cd880) introduced, relies on the startsWith method and does not prevent the vulnerability: before splitting the path, it checks if it starts with __proto__ or this.constructor.prototype. To bypass this check it's possible to prepend the dangerous paths with any string value followed by a dot, like for example foo.__proto__ or foo.this.constructor.prototype.


Vulnerability in the Oracle Financial Services Funds Transfer Pricing product of Oracle Financial Services Applications (component: User Interface). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.6 and 8.0.7. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Financial Services Funds Transfer Pricing. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Financial Services Funds Transfer Pricing accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Financial Services Funds Transfer Pricing accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 7.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N).


minimatch is a minimal matching utility for converting glob expressions into JavaScript RegExp objects. Prior to version 10.2.3, 9.0.7, 8.0.6, 7.4.8, 6.2.2, 5.1.8, 4.2.5, and 3.1.3, `matchOne()` performs unbounded recursive backtracking when a glob pattern contains multiple non-adjacent `**` (GLOBSTAR) segments and the input path does not match. The time complexity is O(C(n, k)) -- binomial -- where `n` is the number of path segments and `k` is the number of globstars. With k=11 and n=30, a call to the default `minimatch()` API stalls for roughly 5 seconds. With k=13, it exceeds 15 seconds. No memoization or call budget exists to bound this behavior. Any application where an attacker can influence the glob pattern passed to `minimatch()` is vulnerable. The realistic attack surface includes build tools and task runners that accept user-supplied glob arguments (ESLint, Webpack, Rollup config), multi-tenant systems where one tenant configures glob-based rules that run in a shared process, admin or developer interfaces that accept ignore-rule or filter configuration as globs, and CI/CD pipelines that evaluate user-submitted config files containing glob patterns. An attacker who can place a crafted pattern into any of these paths can stall the Node.js event loop for tens of seconds per invocation. The pattern is 56 bytes for a 5-second stall and does not require authentication in contexts where pattern input is part of the feature. Versions 10.2.3, 9.0.7, 8.0.6, 7.4.8, 6.2.2, 5.1.8, 4.2.5, and 3.1.3 fix the issue.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ACPI: CPPC: Use access_width over bit_width for system memory accesses

To align with ACPI 6.3+, since bit_width can be any 8-bit value, it
cannot be depended on to be always on a clean 8b boundary. This was
uncovered on the Cobalt 100 platform.

SError Interrupt on CPU26, code 0xbe000011 -- SError
 CPU: 26 PID: 1510 Comm: systemd-udevd Not tainted 5.15.2.1-13 #1
 Hardware name: MICROSOFT CORPORATION, BIOS MICROSOFT CORPORATION
 pstate: 62400009 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO +TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
 pc : cppc_get_perf_caps+0xec/0x410
 lr : cppc_get_perf_caps+0xe8/0x410
 sp : ffff8000155ab730
 x29: ffff8000155ab730 x28: ffff0080139d0038 x27: ffff0080139d0078
 x26: 0000000000000000 x25: ffff0080139d0058 x24: 00000000ffffffff
 x23: ffff0080139d0298 x22: ffff0080139d0278 x21: 0000000000000000
 x20: ffff00802b251910 x19: ffff0080139d0000 x18: ffffffffffffffff
 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: ffffdc7e111bad04 x15: ffff00802b251008
 x14: ffffffffffffffff x13: ffff013f1fd63300 x12: 0000000000000006
 x11: ffffdc7e128f4420 x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : ffffdc7e111badec
 x8 : ffff00802b251980 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : ffff0080139d0028
 x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : ffff0080139d0018 x3 : 00000000ffffffff
 x2 : 0000000000000008 x1 : ffff8000155ab7a0 x0 : 0000000000000000
 Kernel panic - not syncing: Asynchronous SError Interrupt
 CPU: 26 PID: 1510 Comm: systemd-udevd Not tainted
5.15.2.1-13 #1
 Hardware name: MICROSOFT CORPORATION, BIOS MICROSOFT CORPORATION
 Call trace:
  dump_backtrace+0x0/0x1e0
  show_stack+0x24/0x30
  dump_stack_lvl+0x8c/0xb8
  dump_stack+0x18/0x34
  panic+0x16c/0x384
  add_taint+0x0/0xc0
  arm64_serror_panic+0x7c/0x90
  arm64_is_fatal_ras_serror+0x34/0xa4
  do_serror+0x50/0x6c
  el1h_64_error_handler+0x40/0x74
  el1h_64_error+0x7c/0x80
  cppc_get_perf_caps+0xec/0x410
  cppc_cpufreq_cpu_init+0x74/0x400 [cppc_cpufreq]
  cpufreq_online+0x2dc/0xa30
  cpufreq_add_dev+0xc0/0xd4
  subsys_interface_register+0x134/0x14c
  cpufreq_register_driver+0x1b0/0x354
  cppc_cpufreq_init+0x1a8/0x1000 [cppc_cpufreq]
  do_one_initcall+0x50/0x250
  do_init_module+0x60/0x27c
  load_module+0x2300/0x2570
  __do_sys_finit_module+0xa8/0x114
  __arm64_sys_finit_module+0x2c/0x3c
  invoke_syscall+0x78/0x100
  el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x180/0x1a0
  do_el0_svc+0x84/0xa0
  el0_svc+0x2c/0xc0
  el0t_64_sync_handler+0xa4/0x12c
  el0t_64_sync+0x1a4/0x1a8

Instead, use access_width to determine the size and use the offset and
width to shift and mask the bits to read/write out. Make sure to add a
check for system memory since pcc redefines the access_width to
subspace id.

If access_width is not set, then fall back to using bit_width.

[ rjw: Subject and changelog edits, comment adjustments ]


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nilfs2: fix use-after-free bug of ns_writer on remount

If a nilfs2 filesystem is downgraded to read-only due to metadata
corruption on disk and is remounted read/write, or if emergency read-only
remount is performed, detaching a log writer and synchronizing the
filesystem can be done at the same time.

In these cases, use-after-free of the log writer (hereinafter
nilfs->ns_writer) can happen as shown in the scenario below:

 Task1                               Task2
 --------------------------------    ------------------------------
 nilfs_construct_segment
   nilfs_segctor_sync
     init_wait
     init_waitqueue_entry
     add_wait_queue
     schedule
                                     nilfs_remount (R/W remount case)
				       nilfs_attach_log_writer
                                         nilfs_detach_log_writer
                                           nilfs_segctor_destroy
                                             kfree
     finish_wait
       _raw_spin_lock_irqsave
         __raw_spin_lock_irqsave
           do_raw_spin_lock
             debug_spin_lock_before  <-- use-after-free

While Task1 is sleeping, nilfs->ns_writer is freed by Task2.  After Task1
waked up, Task1 accesses nilfs->ns_writer which is already freed.  This
scenario diagram is based on the Shigeru Yoshida's post [1].

This patch fixes the issue by not detaching nilfs->ns_writer on remount so
that this UAF race doesn't happen.  Along with this change, this patch
also inserts a few necessary read-only checks with superblock instance
where only the ns_writer pointer was used to check if the filesystem is
read-only.


Vulnerability in the Primavera Portfolio Management product of Oracle Construction and Engineering (component: Web Access). Supported versions that are affected are 16.1.0.0-16.1.5.1, 18.0.0.0-18.0.2.0 and 19.0.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Primavera Portfolio Management. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Primavera Portfolio Management, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Primavera Portfolio Management accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Primavera Portfolio Management accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).


Multiple vulnerabilities exist in cbor2 through version 5.7.0 in the decode_definite_long_string() function of the C extension decoder (source/decoder.c): (1) Integer Underflow Leading to Out-of-Bounds Read (CWE-191, CWE-125): An incorrect variable reference and missing state reset in the chunk processing loop causes buffer_length to not be reset to zero after UTF-8 character consumption. This results in subsequent chunk_length calculations producing negative values (e.g., chunk_length = 65536 - buffer_length), which are passed as signed integers to the read() method, potentially triggering unlimited read operations and resource exhaustion. (2) Memory Leak via Missing Reference Count Release (CWE-401): The main processing loop fails to release Python object references (Py_DECREF) for chunk objects allocated in each iteration. For CBOR strings longer than 65536 bytes, this causes cumulative memory leaks proportional to the payload size, enabling memory exhaustion attacks through repeated processing of large CBOR payloads. Both vulnerabilities can be exploited remotely without authentication by sending specially-crafted CBOR data containing definite-length text strings with multi-byte UTF-8 characters positioned at 65536-byte chunk boundaries. Successful exploitation results in denial of service through process crashes (CBORDecodeEOF exceptions) or memory exhaustion. The vulnerabilities affect all applications using cbor2's C extension to process untrusted CBOR data, including web APIs, IoT data collectors, and message queue processors. Fixed in commit 851473490281f82d82560b2368284ef33cf6e8f9 pushed with released version 5.7.1.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/smc: fix deadlock triggered by cancel_delayed_work_syn()

The following LOCKDEP was detected:
		Workqueue: events smc_lgr_free_work [smc]
		WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
		6.1.0-20221027.rc2.git8.56bc5b569087.300.fc36.s390x+debug #1 Not tainted
		------------------------------------------------------
		kworker/3:0/176251 is trying to acquire lock:
		00000000f1467148 ((wq_completion)smc_tx_wq-00000000#2){+.+.}-{0:0},
			at: __flush_workqueue+0x7a/0x4f0
		but task is already holding lock:
		0000037fffe97dc8 ((work_completion)(&(&lgr->free_work)->work)){+.+.}-{0:0},
			at: process_one_work+0x232/0x730
		which lock already depends on the new lock.
		the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:
		-> #4 ((work_completion)(&(&lgr->free_work)->work)){+.+.}-{0:0}:
		       __lock_acquire+0x58e/0xbd8
		       lock_acquire.part.0+0xe2/0x248
		       lock_acquire+0xac/0x1c8
		       __flush_work+0x76/0xf0
		       __cancel_work_timer+0x170/0x220
		       __smc_lgr_terminate.part.0+0x34/0x1c0 [smc]
		       smc_connect_rdma+0x15e/0x418 [smc]
		       __smc_connect+0x234/0x480 [smc]
		       smc_connect+0x1d6/0x230 [smc]
		       __sys_connect+0x90/0xc0
		       __do_sys_socketcall+0x186/0x370
		       __do_syscall+0x1da/0x208
		       system_call+0x82/0xb0
		-> #3 (smc_client_lgr_pending){+.+.}-{3:3}:
		       __lock_acquire+0x58e/0xbd8
		       lock_acquire.part.0+0xe2/0x248
		       lock_acquire+0xac/0x1c8
		       __mutex_lock+0x96/0x8e8
		       mutex_lock_nested+0x32/0x40
		       smc_connect_rdma+0xa4/0x418 [smc]
		       __smc_connect+0x234/0x480 [smc]
		       smc_connect+0x1d6/0x230 [smc]
		       __sys_connect+0x90/0xc0
		       __do_sys_socketcall+0x186/0x370
		       __do_syscall+0x1da/0x208
		       system_call+0x82/0xb0
		-> #2 (sk_lock-AF_SMC){+.+.}-{0:0}:
		       __lock_acquire+0x58e/0xbd8
		       lock_acquire.part.0+0xe2/0x248
		       lock_acquire+0xac/0x1c8
		       lock_sock_nested+0x46/0xa8
		       smc_tx_work+0x34/0x50 [smc]
		       process_one_work+0x30c/0x730
		       worker_thread+0x62/0x420
		       kthread+0x138/0x150
		       __ret_from_fork+0x3c/0x58
		       ret_from_fork+0xa/0x40
		-> #1 ((work_completion)(&(&smc->conn.tx_work)->work)){+.+.}-{0:0}:
		       __lock_acquire+0x58e/0xbd8
		       lock_acquire.part.0+0xe2/0x248
		       lock_acquire+0xac/0x1c8
		       process_one_work+0x2bc/0x730
		       worker_thread+0x62/0x420
		       kthread+0x138/0x150
		       __ret_from_fork+0x3c/0x58
		       ret_from_fork+0xa/0x40
		-> #0 ((wq_completion)smc_tx_wq-00000000#2){+.+.}-{0:0}:
		       check_prev_add+0xd8/0xe88
		       validate_chain+0x70c/0xb20
		       __lock_acquire+0x58e/0xbd8
		       lock_acquire.part.0+0xe2/0x248
		       lock_acquire+0xac/0x1c8
		       __flush_workqueue+0xaa/0x4f0
		       drain_workqueue+0xaa/0x158
		       destroy_workqueue+0x44/0x2d8
		       smc_lgr_free+0x9e/0xf8 [smc]
		       process_one_work+0x30c/0x730
		       worker_thread+0x62/0x420
		       kthread+0x138/0x150
		       __ret_from_fork+0x3c/0x58
		       ret_from_fork+0xa/0x40
		other info that might help us debug this:
		Chain exists of:
		  (wq_completion)smc_tx_wq-00000000#2
	  	  --> smc_client_lgr_pending
		  --> (work_completion)(&(&lgr->free_work)->work)
		 Possible unsafe locking scenario:
		       CPU0                    CPU1
		       ----                    ----
		  lock((work_completion)(&(&lgr->free_work)->work));
		                   lock(smc_client_lgr_pending);
		                   lock((work_completion)
					(&(&lgr->free_work)->work));
		  lock((wq_completion)smc_tx_wq-00000000#2);
		 *** DEADLOCK ***
		2 locks held by kworker/3:0/176251:
		 #0: 0000000080183548
			((wq_completion)events){+.+.}-{0:0},
				at: process_one_work+0x232/0x730
		 #1: 0000037fffe97dc8
			((work_completion)
			 (&(&lgr->free_work)->work)){+.+.}-{0:0},
				at: process_one_work+0x232/0x730
		stack backtr
---truncated---


RestrictedPython is a tool that helps to define a subset of the Python language which allows users to provide a program input into a trusted environment. RestrictedPython does not check access to stack frames and their attributes. Stack frames are accessible within at least generators and generator expressions, which are allowed inside RestrictedPython. Prior to versions 6.1 and 5.3, an attacker with access to a RestrictedPython environment can write code that gets the current stack frame in a generator and then walk the stack all the way beyond the RestrictedPython invocation boundary, thus breaking out of the restricted sandbox and potentially allowing arbitrary code execution in the Python interpreter. All RestrictedPython deployments that allow untrusted users to write Python code in the RestrictedPython environment are at risk. In terms of Zope and Plone, this would mean deployments where the administrator allows untrusted users to create and/or edit objects of type `Script (Python)`, `DTML Method`, `DTML Document` or `Zope Page Template`. This is a non-default configuration and likely to be extremely rare. The problem has been fixed in versions 6.1 and 5.3.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

smb: client: fix max_sge overflow in smb_extract_folioq_to_rdma()

This fixes the following problem:

[  749.901015] [   T8673] run fstests cifs/001 at 2025-06-17 09:40:30
[  750.346409] [   T9870] ==================================================================
[  750.346814] [   T9870] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in smb_set_sge+0x2cc/0x3b0 [cifs]
[  750.347330] [   T9870] Write of size 8 at addr ffff888011082890 by task xfs_io/9870
[  750.347705] [   T9870]
[  750.348077] [   T9870] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 9870 Comm: xfs_io Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.16.0-rc2-metze.02+ #1 PREEMPT(voluntary)
[  750.348082] [   T9870] Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
[  750.348085] [   T9870] Call Trace:
[  750.348086] [   T9870]  <TASK>
[  750.348088] [   T9870]  dump_stack_lvl+0x76/0xa0
[  750.348106] [   T9870]  print_report+0xd1/0x640
[  750.348116] [   T9870]  ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10
[  750.348120] [   T9870]  ? kasan_complete_mode_report_info+0x26/0x210
[  750.348124] [   T9870]  kasan_report+0xe7/0x130
[  750.348128] [   T9870]  ? smb_set_sge+0x2cc/0x3b0 [cifs]
[  750.348262] [   T9870]  ? smb_set_sge+0x2cc/0x3b0 [cifs]
[  750.348377] [   T9870]  __asan_report_store8_noabort+0x17/0x30
[  750.348381] [   T9870]  smb_set_sge+0x2cc/0x3b0 [cifs]
[  750.348496] [   T9870]  smbd_post_send_iter+0x1990/0x3070 [cifs]
[  750.348625] [   T9870]  ? __pfx_smbd_post_send_iter+0x10/0x10 [cifs]
[  750.348741] [   T9870]  ? update_stack_state+0x2a0/0x670
[  750.348749] [   T9870]  ? cifs_flush+0x153/0x320 [cifs]
[  750.348870] [   T9870]  ? cifs_flush+0x153/0x320 [cifs]
[  750.348990] [   T9870]  ? update_stack_state+0x2a0/0x670
[  750.348995] [   T9870]  smbd_send+0x58c/0x9c0 [cifs]
[  750.349117] [   T9870]  ? __pfx_smbd_send+0x10/0x10 [cifs]
[  750.349231] [   T9870]  ? unwind_get_return_address+0x65/0xb0
[  750.349235] [   T9870]  ? __pfx_stack_trace_consume_entry+0x10/0x10
[  750.349242] [   T9870]  ? arch_stack_walk+0xa7/0x100
[  750.349250] [   T9870]  ? stack_trace_save+0x92/0xd0
[  750.349254] [   T9870]  __smb_send_rqst+0x931/0xec0 [cifs]
[  750.349374] [   T9870]  ? kernel_text_address+0x173/0x190
[  750.349379] [   T9870]  ? kasan_save_stack+0x39/0x70
[  750.349382] [   T9870]  ? kasan_save_track+0x18/0x70
[  750.349385] [   T9870]  ? __kasan_slab_alloc+0x9d/0xa0
[  750.349389] [   T9870]  ? __pfx___smb_send_rqst+0x10/0x10 [cifs]
[  750.349508] [   T9870]  ? smb2_mid_entry_alloc+0xb4/0x7e0 [cifs]
[  750.349626] [   T9870]  ? cifs_call_async+0x277/0xb00 [cifs]
[  750.349746] [   T9870]  ? cifs_issue_write+0x256/0x610 [cifs]
[  750.349867] [   T9870]  ? netfs_do_issue_write+0xc2/0x340 [netfs]
[  750.349900] [   T9870]  ? netfs_advance_write+0x45b/0x1270 [netfs]
[  750.349929] [   T9870]  ? netfs_write_folio+0xd6c/0x1be0 [netfs]
[  750.349958] [   T9870]  ? netfs_writepages+0x2e9/0xa80 [netfs]
[  750.349987] [   T9870]  ? do_writepages+0x21f/0x590
[  750.349993] [   T9870]  ? filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0xe1/0x140
[  750.349997] [   T9870]  ? entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
[  750.350002] [   T9870]  smb_send_rqst+0x22e/0x2f0 [cifs]
[  750.350131] [   T9870]  ? __pfx_smb_send_rqst+0x10/0x10 [cifs]
[  750.350255] [   T9870]  ? local_clock_noinstr+0xe/0xd0
[  750.350261] [   T9870]  ? kasan_save_alloc_info+0x37/0x60
[  750.350268] [   T9870]  ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30
[  750.350271] [   T9870]  ? _raw_spin_lock+0x81/0xf0
[  750.350275] [   T9870]  ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock+0x10/0x10
[  750.350278] [   T9870]  ? smb2_setup_async_request+0x293/0x580 [cifs]
[  750.350398] [   T9870]  cifs_call_async+0x477/0xb00 [cifs]
[  750.350518] [   T9870]  ? __pfx_smb2_writev_callback+0x10/0x10 [cifs]
[  750.350636] [   T9870]  ? __pfx_cifs_call_async+0x10/0x10 [cifs]
[  750.350756] [   T9870]  ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock+0x10/0x10
[  750.350760] [   T9870]  ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30
[  750.350763] [   T98
---truncated---


TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. The implementation of the `DepthToSpace` TFLite operator is vulnerable to a division by zero error(https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/0d45ea1ca641b21b73bcf9c00e0179cda284e7e7/tensorflow/lite/kernels/depth_to_space.cc#L63-L69). An attacker can craft a model such that `params->block_size` is 0. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.5.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.4.2, TensorFlow 2.3.3, TensorFlow 2.2.3 and TensorFlow 2.1.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.


Icinga is a monitoring system which checks the availability of network resources, notifies users of outages, and generates performance data for reporting. From version 2.4.0 through version 2.12.4, a vulnerability exists that may allow privilege escalation for authenticated API users. With a read-ony user's credentials, an attacker can view most attributes of all config objects including `ticket_salt` of `ApiListener`. This salt is enough to compute a ticket for every possible common name (CN). A ticket, the master node's certificate, and a self-signed certificate are enough to successfully request the desired certificate from Icinga. That certificate may in turn be used to steal an endpoint or API user's identity. Versions 2.12.5 and 2.11.10 both contain a fix the vulnerability. As a workaround, one may either specify queryable types explicitly or filter out ApiListener objects.


The <redacted>.exe or <redacted>.exe CGI binary can be used to upload arbitrary files to /tmp/upload/ or /tmp/ respectively as any user, although the user interface for uploading files is only shown to the iocadmin user.

This issue affects Iocharger firmware for AC models before version 24120701.

Likelihood: Moderate – An attacker will need to have knowledge of this CGI binary, e.g. by finding it in firmware. Furthermore, the attacker will need a (low privilege) account to gain access to the <redacted>.exe or <redacted>.exe CGI binary and upload the file, or convince a user with such access to upload it.

Impact: Low – The attacker can upload arbitrary files to /tmp/upload/ or /tmp/. However, the attacker is unable to access or use these files without other vulnerabilities.

CVSS clarification. The attack can be executed over any network connection the station is listening to and serves the web interface (AV:N), and there are no additional security measure sin place that need to be circumvented (AC:L), the attack does not rely on preconditions (AT:N). The attack does require authentication, but the level of authentication is irrelevant (PR:L), it does not require user interaction (UI:N). Artitrary files can be uploaded, be these files will not be in a location where they can influence confidentiality or availability and have a minimal impact on device integrity (VC:N/VI:L/VA:N).  There is no impact on subsequent systems. (SC:N/SI:N/SA:N). While this device is an EV charger handing significant amounts of power, we do not expect this vulnerability to have a safety impact. The attack can be automated (AU:Y).


Vulnerability in the Oracle Financial Services Deposit Insurance Calculations for Liquidity Risk Management product of Oracle Financial Services Applications (component: User Interfaces). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.7 and 8.0.8. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Financial Services Deposit Insurance Calculations for Liquidity Risk Management. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Financial Services Deposit Insurance Calculations for Liquidity Risk Management accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Financial Services Deposit Insurance Calculations for Liquidity Risk Management accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 7.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N).


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/sched: fix netdevice reference leaks in attach_default_qdiscs()

In attach_default_qdiscs(), if a dev has multiple queues and queue 0 fails
to attach qdisc because there is no memory in attach_one_default_qdisc().
Then dev->qdisc will be noop_qdisc by default. But the other queues may be
able to successfully attach to default qdisc.

In this case, the fallback to noqueue process will be triggered. If the
original attached qdisc is not released and a new one is directly
attached, this will cause netdevice reference leaks.

The following is the bug log:

veth0: default qdisc (fq_codel) fail, fallback to noqueue
unregister_netdevice: waiting for veth0 to become free. Usage count = 32
leaked reference.
 qdisc_alloc+0x12e/0x210
 qdisc_create_dflt+0x62/0x140
 attach_one_default_qdisc.constprop.41+0x44/0x70
 dev_activate+0x128/0x290
 __dev_open+0x12a/0x190
 __dev_change_flags+0x1a2/0x1f0
 dev_change_flags+0x23/0x60
 do_setlink+0x332/0x1150
 __rtnl_newlink+0x52f/0x8e0
 rtnl_newlink+0x43/0x70
 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x140/0x3b0
 netlink_rcv_skb+0x50/0x100
 netlink_unicast+0x1bb/0x290
 netlink_sendmsg+0x37c/0x4e0
 sock_sendmsg+0x5f/0x70
 ____sys_sendmsg+0x208/0x280

Fix this bug by clearing any non-noop qdiscs that may have been assigned
before trying to re-attach.


Vulnerability in the Oracle Applications DBA component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18c and 19c. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having Local Logon privilege with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Applications DBA executes to compromise Oracle Applications DBA. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Applications DBA accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Applications DBA. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 3.9 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L).


qutebrowser is an open source keyboard-focused browser with a minimal GUI. Starting with qutebrowser v1.7.0, the Windows installer for qutebrowser registers a `qutebrowserurl:` URL handler. With certain applications, opening a specially crafted `qutebrowserurl:...` URL can lead to execution of qutebrowser commands, which in turn allows arbitrary code execution via commands such as `:spawn` or `:debug-pyeval`. Only Windows installs where qutebrowser is registered as URL handler are affected. The issue has been fixed in qutebrowser v2.4.0. The fix also adds additional hardening for potential similar issues on Linux (by adding the new --untrusted-args flag to the .desktop file), though no such vulnerabilities are known.


PinchTab is a standalone HTTP server that gives AI agents direct control over a Chrome browser. PinchTab `v0.8.3` through `v0.8.5` allow arbitrary JavaScript execution through `POST /wait` and `POST /tabs/{id}/wait` when the request uses `fn` mode, even if `security.allowEvaluate` is disabled. `POST /evaluate` correctly enforces the `security.allowEvaluate` guard, which is disabled by default. However, in the affected releases, `POST /wait` accepted a user-controlled `fn` expression, embedded it directly into executable JavaScript, and evaluated it in the browser context without checking the same policy. This is a security-policy bypass rather than a separate authentication bypass. Exploitation still requires authenticated API access, but a caller with the server token can execute arbitrary JavaScript in a tab context even when the operator explicitly disabled JavaScript evaluation. The current worktree fixes this by applying the same policy boundary to `fn` mode in `/wait` that already exists on `/evaluate`, while preserving the non-code wait modes. As of time of publication, a patched version is not yet available.


It is possible to cause an use-after-free write in SANM decoding with a carefully crafted animation using subversion <2.

When a STOR chunk is present, a subsequent FOBJ chunk will be saved in ctx->stored_frame. Stored frames can later be referenced by FTCH chunks. For files using subversion < 2, the undecoded frame is stored, and decoded again when the FTCH chunks are parsed. However, in process_frame_obj if the frame has an invalid size, there’s an early return, with a value of 0.

This causes the code in decode_frame to still store the raw frame buffer into ctx->stored_frame. Leaving ctx->has_dimensions set to false.

A subsequent chunk with type FTCH would call process_ftch and decode that frame obj again, adding to the top/left values and calling process_frame_obj again.
Given that we never set ctx->have_dimensions before, this time we set the dimensions, calling init_buffers, which can reallocate the buffer in ctx->stored_frame, freeing the previous one. However, the GetByteContext object gb still holds a reference to the old buffer.

Finally, when the code tries to decode the frame, codecs that accept a GetByteContext as a parameter will trigger a use-after-free read when using gb.

GetByteContext is only used for reading bytes, so at most one could read invalid data. There are no heap allocations between the free and when the object is accessed. However, upon returning to process_ftch, the code restores the original values for top/left in stored_frame, writing 4 bytes to the freed data at offset 6, potentially corrupting the allocator’s metadata.

This issue can be triggered just by probing whether a file has the sanm format.

We recommend upgrading to version 8.0 or beyond.


Paperclip is a Node.js server and React UI that orchestrates a team of AI agents to run a business. Versions of @paperclipai/server prior to 2026.416.0 contain a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows an attacker with an Agent API key to execute arbitrary OS commands on the Paperclip server host. An attacker with an agent credential can escalate privileges from the agent runtime to the Paperclip server host. The vulnerability occurs because agents are allowed to update their own adapterConfig via the /agents/:id API endpoint. The configuration field adapterConfig.workspaceStrategy.provisionCommand is later executed by the server runtime. As a result, an attacker controlling an agent credential can inject arbitrary shell commands which are executed by the Paperclip server during workspace provisioning. This breaks the intended trust boundary between agent runtime configuration and server host execution, allowing a compromised or malicious agent to escalate privileges and run commands on the host system. This vulnerability allows remote code execution on the server host. @paperclipai/server version 2026.416.0 fixes the issue.


An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Packet Forwarding Engine of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause memory leak, leading to Denial of Service (DoS).

On all Junos OS QFX5000 Series platforms, when pseudo-VTEP (Virtual Tunnel End Point) is configured under EVPN-VXLAN scenario, and specific DHCP packets are transmitted, DMA memory leak is observed. Continuous receipt of these specific DHCP packets will cause memory leak to reach 99% and then cause the protocols to stop working and traffic is impacted, leading to Denial of Service (DoS) condition. A manual reboot of the system recovers from the memory leak.

To confirm the memory leak, monitor for "sheaf:possible leak" and "vtep not found" messages in the logs.

This issue affects:

Juniper Networks Junos OS QFX5000 Series:

  *  All versions prior to 20.4R3-S6;
  *  21.1 versions prior to 21.1R3-S5;
  *  21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S5;
  *  21.3 versions prior to 21.3R3-S4;
  *  21.4 versions prior to 21.4R3-S3;
  *  22.1 versions prior to 22.1R3-S2;
  *  22.2 versions prior to 22.2R2-S2, 22.2R3;
  *  22.3 versions prior to 22.3R2-S1, 22.3R3;
  *  22.4 versions prior to 22.4R1-S2, 22.4R2.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf: Fail bpf_timer_cancel when callback is being cancelled

Given a schedule:

timer1 cb			timer2 cb

bpf_timer_cancel(timer2);	bpf_timer_cancel(timer1);

Both bpf_timer_cancel calls would wait for the other callback to finish
executing, introducing a lockup.

Add an atomic_t count named 'cancelling' in bpf_hrtimer. This keeps
track of all in-flight cancellation requests for a given BPF timer.
Whenever cancelling a BPF timer, we must check if we have outstanding
cancellation requests, and if so, we must fail the operation with an
error (-EDEADLK) since cancellation is synchronous and waits for the
callback to finish executing. This implies that we can enter a deadlock
situation involving two or more timer callbacks executing in parallel
and attempting to cancel one another.

Note that we avoid incrementing the cancelling counter for the target
timer (the one being cancelled) if bpf_timer_cancel is not invoked from
a callback, to avoid spurious errors. The whole point of detecting
cur->cancelling and returning -EDEADLK is to not enter a busy wait loop
(which may or may not lead to a lockup). This does not apply in case the
caller is in a non-callback context, the other side can continue to
cancel as it sees fit without running into errors.

Background on prior attempts:

Earlier versions of this patch used a bool 'cancelling' bit and used the
following pattern under timer->lock to publish cancellation status.

lock(t->lock);
t->cancelling = true;
mb();
if (cur->cancelling)
	return -EDEADLK;
unlock(t->lock);
hrtimer_cancel(t->timer);
t->cancelling = false;

The store outside the critical section could overwrite a parallel
requests t->cancelling assignment to true, to ensure the parallely
executing callback observes its cancellation status.

It would be necessary to clear this cancelling bit once hrtimer_cancel
is done, but lack of serialization introduced races. Another option was
explored where bpf_timer_start would clear the bit when (re)starting the
timer under timer->lock. This would ensure serialized access to the
cancelling bit, but may allow it to be cleared before in-flight
hrtimer_cancel has finished executing, such that lockups can occur
again.

Thus, we choose an atomic counter to keep track of all outstanding
cancellation requests and use it to prevent lockups in case callbacks
attempt to cancel each other while executing in parallel.


XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for applications built on top of it. Improper escaping in the document `SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet` leads to an injection vector from view right on that document to programming rights, or in other words, it is possible to execute arbitrary script macros including Groovy and Python macros that allow remote code execution including unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. The attack works by opening a non-existing page with a name crafted to contain a dangerous payload. It is possible to check if an existing installation is vulnerable. See the linked GHSA for instructions on testing an installation. This issue has been patched in XWiki 14.4.8, 14.10.4 and 15.0-rc-1. Users are advised to upgrade. The fix commit `d9c88ddc` can also be applied manually to the impacted document `SkinsCode.XWikiSkinsSheet` and users unable to upgrade are advised to manually patch their installations.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: hns3: fix a deadlock problem when config TC during resetting

When config TC during the reset process, may cause a deadlock, the flow is
as below:
                             pf reset start
                                 │
                                 ▼
                              ......
setup tc                         │
    │                            ▼
    ▼                      DOWN: napi_disable()
napi_disable()(skip)             │
    │                            │
    ▼                            ▼
  ......                      ......
    │                            │
    ▼                            │
napi_enable()                    │
                                 ▼
                           UINIT: netif_napi_del()
                                 │
                                 ▼
                              ......
                                 │
                                 ▼
                           INIT: netif_napi_add()
                                 │
                                 ▼
                              ......                 global reset start
                                 │                      │
                                 ▼                      ▼
                           UP: napi_enable()(skip)    ......
                                 │                      │
                                 ▼                      ▼
                              ......                 napi_disable()

In reset process, the driver will DOWN the port and then UINIT, in this
case, the setup tc process will UP the port before UINIT, so cause the
problem. Adds a DOWN process in UINIT to fix it.


In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

powerpc/tm: Fix more userspace r13 corruption

Commit cf13435b730a ("powerpc/tm: Fix userspace r13 corruption") fixes a
problem in treclaim where a SLB miss can occur on the
thread_struct->ckpt_regs while SCRATCH0 is live with the saved user r13
value, clobbering it with the kernel r13 and ultimately resulting in
kernel r13 being stored in ckpt_regs.

There is an equivalent problem in trechkpt where the user r13 value is
loaded into r13 from chkpt_regs to be recheckpointed, but a SLB miss
could occur on ckpt_regs accesses after that, which will result in r13
being clobbered with a kernel value and that will get recheckpointed and
then restored to user registers.

The same memory page is accessed right before this critical window where
a SLB miss could cause corruption, so hitting the bug requires the SLB
entry be removed within a small window of instructions, which is
possible if a SLB related MCE hits there. PAPR also permits the
hypervisor to discard this SLB entry (because slb_shadow->persistent is
only set to SLB_NUM_BOLTED) although it's not known whether any
implementations would do this (KVM does not). So this is an extremely
unlikely bug, only found by inspection.

Fix this by also storing user r13 in a temporary location on the kernel
stack and don't change the r13 register from kernel r13 until the RI=0
critical section that does not fault.

The SCRATCH0 change is not strictly part of the fix, it's only used in
the RI=0 section so it does not have the same problem as the previous
SCRATCH0 bug.