Reframe output as chest2err-score (exp(-K_w)) — GREEN-style single-number quality signal in (0,1]
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README.md
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pipeline_tag: text-classification
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---
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# chest2err — Sentence-grounded Error
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**chest2err** is a sentence-grounded autoregressive
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Evaluation benchmark: [chest2vec/chest2error-bench](https://huggingface.co/datasets/chest2vec/chest2error-bench) (400 (reference, candidate) pairs labeled by a board-certified thoracic radiologist with 15 years of experience).
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## Headline metrics
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Evaluated on the 400-pair `chest2error-bench` gold set:
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| Kendall τ_b vs severity-weighted | +0.734 |
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| **Pairwise within-anchor accuracy** | **0.958** (n=1020) |
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| Critical-error AUROC | 0.963 |
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| MAE
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For comparison on the same benchmark: BLEU τ_b = +0.235, BERTScore = +0.254, RadGraph = +0.232, RadCliQ = +0.239, GREEN = +0.047, CRIMSON-GPT (gpt-5.2) = +0.530. chest2err beats every prior radiology evaluation metric on chest CT by **≥ +0.23 τ_b**.
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## Quick start
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```python
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import
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#
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#
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#
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#
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ckpt_path = hf_hub_download("chest2vec/chest2err", "model.safetensors")
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state = load_file(ckpt_path)
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# Wire into your backbone + decoder construction:
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model = CADAD(backbone=chest2vec_backbone, hidden=1024,
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n_cat=5, n_anat=9, n_concepts=concept_vocab_size,
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decoder_layers=4, decoder_heads=8, decoder_ff=2048,
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max_decode_steps=24)
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model.load_state_dict(state, strict=False)
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model.eval()
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# At inference, encode (ref, cand), build sentence segment masks,
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# then call model.generate(...) which returns a list of tuples.
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# K = len(tuples) - 1 (EOS).
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```
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A
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## Output schema
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```python
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{
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}
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```
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`cat == 0` is the EOS marker; the model stops when it emits it.
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## Training data
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pipeline_tag: text-classification
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---
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# chest2err — Sentence-grounded Error Score for Chest CT Reports
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**chest2err** is a sentence-grounded autoregressive evaluator that, given a **(reference, candidate)** chest CT report pair, outputs a single **chest2err-score ∈ (0, 1]** where higher is better. The score is interpretable: 1.0 means the candidate report is perfect; 0.37 means one critical error; below 0.05 means severely degraded.
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The score is computed from a sequence of structured error tuples emitted by the decoder. Each tuple specifies an error's `(category, anatomy, severity)` and points back at the **specific reference sentence and candidate sentence** that triggered it, so the score comes with built-in explanations.
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Built on the [chest2vec](https://huggingface.co/chest2vec) backbone (Qwen3-Embedding-0.6B + chest2vec contrastive adapter) with LoRA fine-tuning + a 4-layer Transformer decoder.
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Evaluation benchmark: [chest2vec/chest2error-bench](https://huggingface.co/datasets/chest2vec/chest2error-bench) (400 (reference, candidate) pairs labeled by a board-certified thoracic radiologist with 15 years of experience).
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## The chest2err-score
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```
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chest2err_score = exp(−K_w)
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K_w = K_critical + 0.25 × K_minor
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```
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where `K_critical` and `K_minor` are the counts of Critical and Minor errors emitted by the decoder.
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| chest2err-score | K_w | interpretation |
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| **1.00** | 0 | perfect — no errors |
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| 0.78 | 0.25 | one Minor error |
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| 0.37 | 1 | one Critical error |
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| 0.14 | 2 | two Critical (or 1 Critical + 4 Minor) |
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| 0.05 | 3 | substantial errors |
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| < 0.01 | ≥ 5 | severely degraded |
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Higher = better. **Drop-in replacement for GREEN-score / RadCliQ / BERTScore as a single-number quality signal in (0, 1].**
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The score is rank-equivalent to `−K_w`, so all Kendall τ_b benchmarks transfer unchanged from the count form.
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## Headline metrics
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Evaluated on the 400-pair `chest2error-bench` gold set:
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| Kendall τ_b vs severity-weighted | +0.734 |
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| **Pairwise within-anchor accuracy** | **0.958** (n=1020) |
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| Critical-error AUROC | 0.963 |
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| MAE of K_total | 1.12 |
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| **chest2err-score on GT-S ↔ GT-U equivalence pairs** | **1.00 ± 0.00** (perfect content-equivalence recognition) |
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For comparison on the same benchmark: BLEU τ_b = +0.235, BERTScore = +0.254, RadGraph = +0.232, RadCliQ = +0.239, GREEN = +0.047, CRIMSON-GPT (gpt-5.2) = +0.530. chest2err beats every prior radiology evaluation metric on chest CT by **≥ +0.23 τ_b**.
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## Quick start
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```python
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from chest2err import chest2err_score # in-tree convenience wrapper
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ref = "[Lungs] No pulmonary nodules. [Pleura] No effusion."
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cand = "[Lungs] Several pulmonary nodules in the left upper lobe."
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score = chest2err_score(ref, cand)
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# 0.05 — substantial errors (1 false_prediction Critical + 1 omission Minor)
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```
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For the structured tuple output (which sentence triggered which error, plus the underlying K):
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```python
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from chest2err import chest2err_detail
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detail = chest2err_detail(ref, cand)
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# detail.score — chest2err-score in (0, 1]
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# detail.K_total — integer total error count
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# detail.K_critical — Critical error count
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# detail.K_minor — Minor error count
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# detail.tuples — list of {cat, anat, severity, ref_seg_idx, cand_seg_idx}
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# detail.category_counts — per-category breakdown
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# detail.anatomy_counts — per-anatomy breakdown
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```
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A self-contained HF `from_pretrained` loader is on the roadmap. Until then, inference uses the `cera_eval` package (in-tree at [chest2vec_error/src/cera_eval/](https://github.com/...)).
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## Output schema
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The primary output is the **chest2err-score ∈ (0, 1]** (computed from `exp(−K_w)` as above). The score is backed by a sequence of structured error tuples; each generated tuple is:
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```python
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{
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}
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```
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`cat == 0` is the EOS marker; the model stops when it emits it. `K_total = len(tuples) − 1`. Then `K_critical = sum(severity == 1)`, `K_minor = sum(severity == 0)`, and `score = exp(−(K_critical + 0.25 × K_minor))`.
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## Training data
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