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+ # YOLOR-comm-mmWave
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+
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+ ![PyTorch](https://img.shields.io/badge/PyTorch-Ultralytics-EE4C2C?logo=pytorch&logoColor=white)
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+ ![YOLOv11](https://img.shields.io/badge/YOLOv11-Detector-00FFFF?logo=yolo&logoColor=black)
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+ ![mmWave](https://img.shields.io/badge/mmWave-Commercial%20Indoor-6f42c1)
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+ ![arXiv](https://img.shields.io/badge/arXiv-2605.05071-b31b1b.svg)
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+ ![Venue](https://img.shields.io/badge/IEEE-SECON%202026-00629B)
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+
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+ <table>
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+ <tr>
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+ <td width="30%" valign="top">
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+ <img src="commmmWave.png" alt="YOLOR-comm-mmWave — example radio and mmWave radio detection" width="100%">
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+ </td>
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+ <td valign="top">
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+
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+ **YOLOR-comm-mmWave** is a fine-tuned object detection model for BS identification for beam initialization to detect `mmWave radio` in one inference pass. The model is trained on imagery of **[Terragraph Sounders](https://terragraph.com/) from [Meta](https://about.meta.com/)**, deployed in indoor commercial spaces. Part of the YOLOR detector family used for the Look Once, Beam Twice mmWave V2X beam-management pipeline (SECON 2026).
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+
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+ </td>
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+ </tr>
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+ </table>
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+
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+ Reference implementation for the paper:
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+
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+ > Avhishek Biswas\*, Apala Pramanik\*, Eylem Ekici, Mehmet C. Vuran.
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+ > *"Look Once, Beam Twice: Camera-Primed Real-Time Double-Directional mmWave Beam Management for Vehicular Connectivity."* (\*equal contribution)
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+ >
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+ > arXiv: <https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.05071>
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+
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+ <p align="center">
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+ <img src="overview2_updated.png" alt="VIBE five-stage camera-primed beam-management pipeline" width="90%">
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+ </p>
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+
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+
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+
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+ ## Quick links
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+
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+ - Paper (arXiv): <https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.05071>
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+ - Code: <https://github.com/UNL-CPN-Lab/Look-Once-Beam-Twice>
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+ - Training pipeline: <https://github.com/UNL-CPN-Lab/Look-Once-Beam-Twice/tree/main/YOLOR_Training>
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+
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+ | | |
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+ |---|---|
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+ | **Architecture** | YOLOv11x, 82-class output head (COCO 80 + 2 custom) |
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+ | **Initialization** | stock `yolo11x.pt` |
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+ | **Schedule** | 200 epochs, `cos_lr`, `close_mosaic=20`, `lr0=0.01` |
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+ | **Training data** | IndoorCommercialDataset, perceptual-hash deduped (`cp_dedup.py`, Hamming threshold = 1) — 1,631 train (kept from ~14,386 raw frames) / 1,798 val / 1,799 test |
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+ | **Custom classes** | `radio` (id 80), `mmWave radio` (id 81) |
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+ | **Released checkpoint** | `last.pt` |
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+
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+ ## Usage
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
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+ from ultralytics import YOLO
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+
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+ weights = hf_hub_download(repo_id="cpnlab/YOLOR-comm-mmWave", filename="last.pt")
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+ model = YOLO(weights)
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+ results = model.predict("path/to/image.jpg", conf=0.25)
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+ ```
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+
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+ Class indices: `0–79` = COCO; `80` = `radio`; `81` = `mmWave radio`.
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+
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+
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+ ## Training data
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+
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+ Code and Data: <https://github.com/UNL-CPN-Lab/Look-Once-Beam-Twice>
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+
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+ ```bibtex
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+ @inproceedings{biswas2026look,
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+ title = {Look Once, Beam Twice: Camera-Primed Real-Time Double-Directional
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+ mmWave Beam Management for Vehicular Connectivity},
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+ author = {Biswas, Avhishek and Pramanik, Apala and Ekici, Eylem and Vuran, Mehmet C.},
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+ booktitle = {Proc. IEEE SECON},
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+ year = {2026}
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ Paper: <https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.05071>
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+
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+ ## Contact
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+
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+ For questions about this model or the paper, contact the corresponding authors:
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+
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+ - **Avhishek Biswas** — [abiswas3@huskers.unl.edu](mailto:abiswas3@huskers.unl.edu)
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+ - **Apala Pramanik** — [apramanik2@huskers.unl.edu](mailto:apramanik2@huskers.unl.edu)
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+
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+ ## Acknowledgments
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+
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+ Developed at the **[Cyber Physical Networking (CPN) Lab](https://cpn.unl.edu/)**, [School of Computing](https://computing.unl.edu/), [University of Nebraska–Lincoln](https://www.unl.edu/), in collaboration with [The Ohio State University](https://www.osu.edu/). Thanks to [Sivers Semiconductors](https://www.sivers-semiconductors.com/), [Ettus Research](https://www.ettus.com/), and the open-source [Ultralytics](https://ultralytics.com/), [PyTorch](https://pytorch.org/), and [Ettus UHD](https://www.ettus.com/) communities.
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