A new report by the Metropolitan Police has found that the number of sexual offences on the London Underground has fallen by more than half since the introduction of a text messaging reporting service.
The number of sexual offences reported to the Metropolitan Police has fallen by more than half since the introduction of a text messaging reporting service.
The

The Night Tube will lead to a rise in sexual offences and rowdy behaviour on the Underground, according to an internal risk assessment by Transport for London.

Article: Details of the bug were made public earlier this month by Google security researchers.
Microsoft criticised the disclosure, saying Google had put people at risk by sharing information about the flaw.
One hacker group has kicked off several new campaigns that seek to use the flaw before it is widely patched.
The patch for the flaw was included in Microsoft's regular software update, which this month contained 14 separate updates that addressed 68 vulnerabilities in Windows, Microsoft's Office suite and its Edge browser.
Microsoft's patch comes a week after Google released information about the flaw and almost two weeks after Adobe patched an associated bug in its widely used Flash software.
The release of the patch fulfils a promise made in a blog by Terry Myerson, Microsoft's head of Windows, to close the loophole as soon as possible.
The blog also detailed the activities of what Microsoft calls the Strontium hacker group, which has exploited the flaw to target governments, federal agencies, embassies, military organisations and defence contractors.
The Strontium group is also known as Pawn Storm, Fancy Bear, Sofacy and APT28.
It is believed to be based in Russia and has been linked to the cyber-attack on the Democratic National Committee, the governing body of the United States Democratic Party.
The prospect of the patch had already prompted this hacker group to accelerate its attempts to exploit it, research by security company Trend Micro suggests.
Trend Micro said the group had "ramped up" its targeted phishing campaigns that used the flaw in late October and early November.
Booby-trapped attachments posing as invites to a conference about cyber-threats were used as the attack vector for the campaigns.
The group still has time to exploit the flaw because many companies do not apply patches as soon as they appear.
They can take time to test the patch to ensure they do not inadvertently shut down important systems that keep a business running.

Summary: Microsoft has issued a patch for a software bug being actively exploited by hackers trying to infiltrate government networks.
###
Article: Many researchers had accepted that the rate of global warming had slowed in the first 15 years of this century.
But new analysis, in journal Science Advances, replicates findings that scientists have underestimated ocean temperatures over the past two decades.
With the revised data the apparent pause in temperature rises between 1998 and 2014, disappears.
The idea of a pause had gained support in recent years with even the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reporting in 2013 that the global surface temperature "has shown a much smaller increasing linear trend over the past 15 years than over the past 30 to 60 years".
But that consensus was brought into question by a number of studies, of which a report by the the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) published in Science last year was the most significant.
Researchers from Noaa suggested that the temperatures of the oceans were being consistently underestimated by the main global climate models.
The authors showed that the ocean buoys used to measure sea temperatures tend to report slightly cooler temperatures than the older ship-based systems.
Back in the 1990s, ship measurements made up the vast majority of the data, whereas now the more accurate and consistent buoys account for 85% of measurements.
When the researchers corrected the data to take this "cold bias" into account, they concluded that the oceans had warmed 0.12C per decade since 2000, nearly twice as fast as previous estimates of 0.07 degrees.
As a result, the authors said that the warming experienced in the first 15 years of the 21st Century was "virtually indistinguishable" from the rate of warming between 1950-99, a time generally acknowledged to have seen significant rates of warming from human emissions of CO2.
The study did not go down well with climate sceptics. Members of the US House of Representatives subpoenaed the author's emails which Noaa refused to hand over.
However, this new analysis supports the findings of the Noaa report. The scientists...

Summary: A controversial study that found there has been no slowdown in global warming has been supported by new research.
###
Article: Each one has taken it closer to what decades of international talks have tried to prevent - a nuclear weapon in the hands of one of the world's most unpredictable states.
9 October 2006 - a weapon for 'peace'
Years of posturing - and attempts at negotiation by foreign powers - culminated in October 2006 with an announcement by Pyongyang that it had carried out its first nuclear explosion.
Like all tests that would follow, it took place underground, in tunnels dug into a remote mountainous site called Punggye-ri, in the north-east.
The device is assumed to have used plutonium, sourced from the North's nuclear facility at Yongbyon.
International observers estimated the blast had an energy discharge of about a kiloton, less than a tenth of the size of the bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945.
Many believed this indicated a nuclear "fizzle" rather than a fully effective blast.
But the North said it had joined the nuclear club and that its bomb would contribute to peace and stability on the Korean peninsula.
The second test was bigger, with an estimated yield of 2-8 kilotons.
North Korea said it had achieved a "higher level in terms of its explosive power and technology".
While the international consensus was that a nuclear test had happened, no radiation was detected. The ability to contain a nuclear test would in itself be a big advance for the North.
It also followed hard on the heels of a test of a missile with a long enough range to reach the US.
Both were seen as an attempt by ailing leader Kim Jong-il to prove the North's nuclear capacity before he died.
In the early hours of 12 February 2013, unusual seismic activity was again detected around Punggye-ri.
The North said it had tested "a miniaturised and lighter nuclear device with greater explosive force than previously".
The as-yet unproven reference to "miniaturised" stoked fears that Pyongyang was closer to producing a device small enough to fit on a long-range missile.
Speculation was rife that the test involved a uranium device, though this has never been...

Summary: North Korea has conducted four underground nuclear tests so far.
###
Article: More than 100 British Transport Police (BTP) officers will patrol the 144 Underground stations open all night to try to "set behavioural standards".
The Met says overall crime levels will be unaffected.
But fewer than half of Londoners say they will feel safe on the Night Tube.
A report by the London Assembly Police and Crime Committee reveals TfL believes anti-social behaviour will rise on the all-night service, causing "high crime levels" and a "rowdy environment".
The BTP has identified 12 "red" stations where a special policing plan will be put in place: Piccadilly Circus, Charing Cross, Leicester Square, Victoria, Oxford Circus, Waterloo, Vauxhall, London Bridge, Camden Town, North Greenwich, Brixton and Hammersmith.
Illegal taxi touting is expected to increase at the end of Tube lines.
However, police believe some crime will effectively be displaced from night buses to the Tube.
"Despite these concerns, BTP is confident that robust analysis has been carried out to ensure the Tube remains safe for passengers and staff, but it will be difficult to be sure until it is up and running," says the report.
Forty-six percent of Londoners told a recent YouGov poll that they would feel safe taking the Night Tube, with 38% feeling unsafe and 16% unsure.
According to TfL's quarterly safety survey, Londoners are less likely to avoid using public transport because of a fear of crime than they were seven years ago.
Overall crime on the network has fallen, although reported sexual offences and violence against the person are up.
But although 15% had experienced unwanted sexual behaviour on the network, 90% of those did not report it.
The BTP told the committee that most of these were "stealth offences committed in crowds, in crowded tube carriages, frankly, which is sexual touching and horrible behaviour like that".
A text messaging reporting service, 61016, was launched last year to encourage people to report unwanted sexual behaviour.
On the New York subway, poster messages try to deter offences, but TfL research...

Summary:


Birmingham.
Article: The legend of Emperor Yu states that he tamed the flooded Yellow River by dredging and redirecting its channels, thereby laying the foundations for the Xia dynasty and Chinese civilisation. Previously

Geologists have found evidence for an ancient megaflood which they say is a good match for the mythical deluge at the dawn of China's first dynasty.

Article: An EU directive has been adopted that means tests are counted when they conclude, instead of when they begin, making comparisons difficult.
But Home Office staff are "confident" that animal use has, indeed, fallen.
As usual, 50% of the 3.87 million total "procedures" were GM animals, which were created but not used in tests.
That overall figure compares to 4.12 million in 2013. But the Home Office's chief statistician David Blunt emphasised that there was a "discontinuity" between those two figures.
"This means that any comparisons made between 2014 and earlier should be made with caution," Mr Blunt told journalists at a briefing on Thursday.
"The 6% fall is what the data's got, but maybe it's not quite as big as that. But I'm still confident that there's a fall; it may be 3 or 4% or something like that."
Lord Bates, a Home Office minister, said he was "encouraged" to see the number of procedures apparently falling.
"Today's figures indicate the science community continues to respond to the government's firm commitment to adopting measures to replace, reduce and refine animal use," he declared in a written statement.
But the National Anti-Vivisection Society (NAVS) condemned the number of "severe" animal experiments taking place.
"The level of suffering animals are experiencing in Britain's laboratories is shameful," said NAVS president Jan Creamer.
"There is an urgent need for greater transparency and accountability in animal research, so these extreme tests can be reviewed and replaced with advanced non-animal methods."
The Home Office sees its collection of "severity" data as a big step forward in terms of transparency. This is the first set of statistics to categorise animal usage into "sub-threshold" (28% in 2014), "non-recovery" (3%), "mild" (49%), "moderate" (14%) and "severe" (5%).
"We wanted to see how best we could inform the public of what goes on, so that there's a clear understanding of what's involved in the process of experimentation," said Prof Dominic Wells, from the Royal Veterinary College,...

Summary: The Home Office's annual statistics show a 6% drop in animal experiments in the UK - but the office has changed the way it collects these figures.
###
Article: Unique to Australia, the double dissolution mechanism is ostensibly designed to break a political deadlock. If the Senate twice rejects a piece of legislation from the lower house, this becomes the double dissolution "trigger".
In practice, the double dissolution has usually been deployed for short-term political gain, allowing the government to hold an early election when conditions are favourable.
The present government has two potential triggers - the previously rejected ABCC (Australian Building and Construction Commission) and Registered Organisations bills that target alleged union corruption. Neither made the list of legislation that the Senate considered during its most recent sitting.
The deadline for calling a double dissolution during this term of government is 11 May. The Senate was not scheduled to sit again until 10 May.
The double dissolution option appeared to have dissolved.
But the prime minister's audacious use of an obscure provision in the constitution that allows the governor general to recall both houses of parliament caught his political opponents and pundits by surprise.
The Senate now has three additional weeks to debate the bills. This is ample time to ensure that they either are passed or rejected, and there is upside for Mr Turnbull in both cases.
If he convinces crossbench senators to support him, he will win a dramatic victory in the Senate, steal back political momentum and lay the ground for an election campaign later in the year.
But the double dissolution scenario seems more likely and this option holds several benefits for Mr Turnbull. Although his ratings have slipped, he is still far more popular than his opposition counterpart Bill Shorten and polls have the Coalition government well in front of Labor.
A double dissolution will also mean that all Senate seats are contested at the election, rather than the usual half. The Senate passed new rules on Friday that will make it difficult for so-called micro parties, who have been a thorn in Mr Turnbull's side, to secure upper...

Summary: When Australia's Senate rose for recess on 18 March, it seemed Malcolm Turnbull had missed his chance to hold a double dissolution election.
###
Article: Graduates will work alongside frontline staff after an intensive training course in the summer and complete a master's degree at the same time.
Trainees will earn £20,545 - a prison officer's starting salary - during the two-year scheme in England and Wales.
The Prison Officers Association said the scheme was "barmy".
The initiative is being launched by charity Unlocked and is backed by Justice Secretary Liz Truss.
She said: "Prison officers are some of our finest public servants. It is a unique role, which is both challenging and rewarding.
"There are very few jobs where you genuinely get the opportunity to reform and transform the lives of offenders, and the lives of their families, creating a safer society.
"I want to ensure that we attract the most talented and dedicated individuals, from the widest possible pool, and I want to see improved promotion and leadership opportunities for all our prison staff."
Natasha Porter, chief executive of Unlocked, said: "Prison officers are too often seen as 'turn-keys'. The opposite is true.
"They deal with some of the most challenging situations and work with some of the most vulnerable people in society.
"They are effectively mentors, counsellors, teachers, police officers and social workers.
"The aim of Unlocked is to help raise the status of the profession and to help reduce reoffending.
"While many of the scheme's participants will stay and develop long-term roles within the prison system, others will go into the outside world and act as ambassadors to drive forward rehabilitation."
The launch of the scheme, backed by Ms Truss's predecessor Michael Gove, follows a spate of major disturbances in prisons in England and Wales and comes on top of a separate recruitment drive for 2,500 new officers.
Dwindling staffing levels have repeatedly been highlighted by campaigners and unions amid soaring levels of violence and self-harm behind bars.
But Andy Darken, assistant general secretary of the Prison Officers Association, said he thought asking graduates to start work in...

Summary: The government is backing a new scheme to get graduates working in the prison service, only days after disturbances at HMP Birmingham.
###
Article: The legend of Emperor Yu states that he tamed the flooded Yellow River by dredging and redirecting its channels, thereby laying the foundations for the Xia dynasty and Chinese civilisation.
Previously, no scientific evidence had been found for a corresponding flood.
But now a Chinese-led team has placed just such an event at about 1,900BC.
Writing in Science Magazine, the researchers describe a cataclysmic event in which a huge dam, dumped across the Jishi Gorge by a landslide, blocked the Yellow River for six to nine months.
When the dam burst, up to 16 cubic kilometres of water inundated the lowlands downstream.
The evidence for this sequence of events comes from sediments left by the dammed lake, high up the sides of Jishi Gorge, as well as deposits left kilometres downstream by the subsequent flood.
Lead author Dr Wu Qinglong, from Nanjing Normal University, said he and colleagues stumbled on sediments from the ancient dam during fieldwork in 2007.
"It inspired us to connect the next possible outburst flood with the abandonment of the prehistoric Lajia site 25km downstream," he told journalists in a teleconference.
"But at that time we had no idea what the evidence of a catastrophic outburst flood should be."
The Lajia site, famously home to the world's oldest noodles, is known as China's Pompeii; its cave dwellings and many cultural artefacts were buried by a major earthquake.
"In July 2008 I suddenly realised that the so-called black sand previously revealed by archaeologists at the Lajia site could be, in fact, the deposits from our outburst flood," Dr Wu said.
"The subsequent investigation confirmed this speculation and showed that the sediments from this outburst flood are up to 20m thick, and up to 50m higher than the Yellow River - indicating an unprecedented, devastating flood."
He and his colleagues suggest in their paper that the very same earthquake that destroyed the Lajia dwellings probably dammed the river upstream. Less than a year later, the waters returned with a vengeance.
"The flood was...

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The new world was found beyond our Solar System, 100 light-years away.
Article: The new world was found beyond our Solar System, 100 light-years away.
Summary: The new world was found beyond our Solar System, 100 light-years away.
Article: The new world was found beyond our

Astronomers have discovered a baby planet which looks like a young version of Jupiter.

Article: The Danish company finished installing the last of three jackets, with a combined weight of 22,000 tonnes, at the Culzean field on Thursday.
It said the installation work had been completed "on time and on budget".
Culzean is expected to produce 60,000-90,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day at plateau production.
Maersk has said the field, which lies about 145 miles east of Aberdeen, could meet 5% of UK gas demand by 2020-21.
Culzean project director Martin Urquhart said: "With the foundation of the Culzean installation firmly in place and waiting, focus is now fixed on finalising the construction of the three topsides and the Floating, Storage and Offload (FSO) vessel Ailsa.
"We have just celebrated the completion of the deck stacking of the topsides and the sail away of these structures is on schedule for next year.
"Their installation will take us to the beginning of the hook-up and commissioning campaign, the final step before first gas is delivered in 2019."
Maersk Oil chief executive Gretchen Watkins said: "Culzean was sanctioned less than two years ago and already we've progressed the project over the halfway mark.
"We're continuing to hit our milestones on time and this progress means we're on track to deliver first gas in 2019."
Maersk Oil is the field's operator, with a 49.99% stake. Its co-venturers are BP (32%) and JX Nippon (18.01%).

Summary: Maersk Oil has announced it is on track to deliver first gas from a major North Sea field in 2019 after completing foundation work at the development.
###
Article: Schools shuttered and and public buildings increased security as police search for Bradley William Stone, 35.
Mr Stone is suspected in the killing of his ex-wife Nicole Stone, her mother, her grandmother, her sister, her sister's husband and their daughter.
He may be armed and dangerous, authorities warn residents.
"We are accessing every possible resource... to find Mr Stone. We will find Mr Stone," Montgomery County District Attorney Risa Vetri Ferman told reporters on Tuesday.
Authorities from multiple agencies are engaged in the hunt, searching the suspect's car, home and phone for clues to his current whereabouts, she added.
The search has also spread to nearby Bucks County, where a man wielding a knife and fitting Mr Stone's description - red hair and wearing military fatigues - unsuccessfully attempted a carjacking before being chased into a wooded area.
The shootings in Souderton, Lansdale and Harleysville began at about 04:00 local time (09:00 GMT) on Monday.
The first took place at the home in Souderton of Mr Stone's former sister-in-law, Patricia Flick. She was killed along with her husband, Aaron Flick, and the couple's daughter, Nina, 14. The couple's 17-year-old son, Anthony Flick, was badly wounded.
He is currently in very serious but stable condition in hospital, authorities said.
The next shooting was at a house in nearby Lansdale where Nicole Stone's mother, Joanne Hill, and grandmother Patricia Hill were killed.
Nicole Stone was later killed at her home in Harleysville. Neighbours reported seeing Mr Stone fleeing with their two children and raised the alarm.
The children were found safe a short distance away, and Mr Stone's current wife and infant child were also secured.
Reports said the shootings may have been triggered by a custody dispute.
Mr Stone had reportedly filed an emergency motion to the court earlier this month, although those records are currently sealed.
"[Nicole Stone] would tell anybody who would listen that he was going to kill her and that she was really afraid for her...

Summary: The manhunt has grown for the suspected killer of six people near Philadelphia, officials in the US state of Pennsylvania say.
###
Article: Despite several enhancement techniques already in use, only about 10% of fingerprints from crime scenes are of sufficient quality to be used in court.
The technique is based around fluorescent chemical "tags" and works on metal surfaces, meaning it could be used on knives, guns or bullet casings.
Details were outlined at the Faraday Discussions lecture series in Durham.
"Notwithstanding DNA, fingerprints are still the major source of identification in criminal investigations," co-author Prof Robert Hillman, from the University of Leicester, told BBC News.
"When someone asks: 'Haven't we been doing this for a century, why do we need another method?' Our answer is: 'To image the 90% we don't currently get'."
Although the technique currently works only with metallic objects, Prof Hillman said these were "quite signficant" forensically - especially in violent crimes.
The classical approach to enhancing the visibility of hidden, or - to use the correct forensic terminology - latent, prints is to apply a coloured powder that adheres to the oily residue left by the finger surface.
This then provides a visual contrast to the underlying surface.
The new technique visualises fingerprints by exploiting the fact that their ridges do not conduct electricity.
Here, the fingerprint material acts like a  stencil, blocking an electric current that is used to deposit a coloured film.
The film is directed to the regions of bare surface between the ridges of a fingerprint, thereby creating a negative image of the print. The substances used to do this are "electrochromic", which means they change from one colour to another when subjected to an electric voltage.
The researchers say the technique is highly sensitive, as even tiny amounts of insulating residue, just a few billionths of a metre, can prevent the coloured film from sticking to the metal below.
As a result, much less fingerprint residue is required than is typical for other techniques. Also, because it focuses on the gaps between the fingerprint ridges, it can be used...

Summary: Scientists have described a new system for visualising "hidden" crime scene fingerprints.
###
Article: The new world was found beyond our Solar System, 100 light-years away.
It's been named 51 Eridani b and is only 20 million years old - very young by astronomical standards.
The alien world could give us more information about the formation of our Solar System.
The find was made by the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI), which looks for young planets orbiting bright nearby stars.
Our own Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system - it's so big you could fit over 1,300 Earths inside it!
It's also the fastest rotating planet too, with 1 day only lasting 10 hours - but a year on Jupiter lasts for 12 Earth years.
Jupiter doesn't have a solid surface and is made up of gas, giving it the name 'gas giant'.
The baby Jupiter has the strongest methane gas signature ever found on an alien planet.
The astronomers also detected water using the GPI's spectrometer instrument.
Scientists hope that by studying far away worlds, they can learn more about how common the structure of our Solar System is.
Astronomers believe the gas giants in our Solar System formed slowly - by building up a large core over a few million years and then pulling in a huge amount of hydrogen and other gases to form an atmosphere. This is known as a "cold-start".
But the Jupiter-like planets that have been discovered so far are much hotter than scientists have predicted. Which could mean they formed quickly - as gas collapses to make a scorching planet in what is known as a 'hot-start'.

Summary:


The BBC has announced that it will be making a new drama series based on the life of the late Sir Winston Churchill.
The series will be written by David Hare, who wrote the acclaimed BBC drama series The King's Speech.
The series will be produced by BBC Studios and will be a six-part series,

Ross Kemp is returning to EastEnders as part of a storyline that will see Dame Barbara Windsor exit the soap for good.

Article: In the general election two years ago, 138 people put their name forward.
Ulster Unionist MLA Alan Chambers has withdrawn his candidacy in North Down, where the party said the independent unionist Lady Sylvia Hermon enjoyed overwhelming support.
Three of the main parties - Sinn FÃ©in, the SDLP and Alliance - are contesting Northern Ireland's 18 constituencies.
Of the 109 candidates, 36 are women - that amounts to 33%, up on 2015 when just under a quarter of the candidates were women.
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The Democratic Unionist Party is standing aside in Fermanagh South Tyrone but is fighting the remaining 17 seats.
In addition to North Down, the Ulster Unionist Party is not contesting North Belfast, West Belfast or Foyle.
The Green Party and the Conservative Party are both fighting seven seats, People Before Profit two seats, and the Traditional Unionist Voice (TUV), just one.
The UK Independence Party, which put up 10 candidates in 2015, is not contesting any Northern Ireland seats this time around.
The number of TUV and Conservative candidates is also sharply reduced - the TUV fielded 10 candidates in 2015, and the Conservatives, 16.
One candidate is standing for the Citizens Independent Social Thought Alliance, formed by ex-members of the Cannabis is Safer Than Alcohol party and sharing the same initials.
Four independents are in the race including Lady Hermon.
Nominations closed on Thursday 11 May.

Summary: A total of 109 candidates are standing for election in Northern Ireland in the Westminster poll on 8 June.
###
Article: The Oscar-winning star plays British scientist Rosalind Franklin, the only woman involved in the discovery of DNA's double helix in 1953.
Anna Ziegler's play opened on Monday to a string of four-star reviews.
Directed by Michael Grandage, it runs at the Noel Coward Theatre until 21 November.
According to The Guardian, Kidman gives "a commanding, intelligent performance" in her first West End appearance in 17 years.
"My only complaint about Anna Ziegler's intriguing, informative 95-minute play is that it is not longer," wrote Michael Billington.
Praising Kidman's portrayal of the ecstasy of scientific discovery, Billington said her features "acquire a luminous intensity" as she stares at the now-famous photograph that reveals the DNA's helix pattern.
"It is a fine performance in which Kidman reminds us that the scientific life can be informed by private passion," the review continued.
When Kidman appeared, briefly unclothed, in Sir David Hare's The Blue Room at the Donmar Warehouse in 1998, her performance was famously described by the Daily Telegraph's Charles Spencer as "pure theatrical Viagra".
Spencer's successor, Dominic Cavendish, was equally effusive in his review of Photograph 51, writing that "Kidman displays once again the power to hold us in thrall".
"Although her kit is Fifties demure, the caboodle of her nuanced performance is the stuff of intoxication," his four-star review continued.
"Kidman is even better communicating a life of the mind than she was all those years ago allowing the briefest glimpse possible of her body," wrote The Arts Desk's Matt Wolf.
The actress may not "strip physically", observed Mark Shenton in The Stage, "but the emotional layers are gradually exposed no less revealingly.
"Star power may have brought this play to the West End, but Nicole Kidman proves that she's worthy of the showcase."
"Kidman beautifully captures the prickly defensiveness, the lonely dedication and the suppressed emotional longings of the scientist," wrote The Independent's Paul Taylor, who praised...

Summary: Actress Nicole Kidman has been hailed by critics as "luminous" and "compelling" in her return to the London stage in the play Photograph 51.
###
Article: Those who do "should be charged with gross mis-selling", says Angus Hanton, co-founder of the Intergenerational Foundation (IF) lobby group.
Having to pay back student debts will wipe out any graduate premium for most professions, claims the IF in a report.
The government says higher education boosts employability and earnings.
The report focuses on tuition fee rises in England - currently capped at £9,000 a year - pointing out how successive governments have used the graduate "pay premium" to justify them.
The premium is the amount of extra money it is estimated a degree can help graduates to earn over the course of a lifetime.
The report says that in 2002, ministers put it at £400,000, but recent estimates have been more modest at about £100,000.
There are wide variations between the sexes and between subjects and institutions, it adds.
It argues that, while for somebody who gets an Oxbridge first, the premium figure of £400,000 "may still hold true",  it is much lower for non-Oxbridge graduates.
"The increasing number of graduates... is further undermining the value of a degree," it adds, with some previously low-to-median paid posts now requiring degrees.
"Our research proves that the current £100,000 graduate earnings premium so often touted equates to an 'annual bonus' of just £2,222 over 45 years of work and is wiped out once National Insurance and income tax are taken into account.
"Furthermore, the premium is simply not enough to cover the interest accruing on the average loan.
"The current system is fuelling a self-perpetuating debt-generating machine which short-changes young people," argues Mr Hanton.
The authors say a graduate who borrowed the maximum for tuition fees and maintenance would, with interest, owe £53,000 after three years.
If unpaid for the full 30 years before being written off and if bank rates follow the pattern of the previous 30 years, the debt would reach £282,420, they calculate.
In addition, unlike most ordinary loan agreements, the terms and conditions of student loans can...

Summary: Politicians should stop using a "carrot of higher graduate earnings" to justify raising student fees or freezing repayment thresholds, say campaigners.
###
Article: Kemp, who last played Grant Mitchell in 2006, said it would be "a brief return".
"When I was approached about returning to EastEnders for Barbara's final episodes, it was something I could not turn down," he said.
Following her surprise return to Albert Square, Dame Barbara announced her character would be killed off.
Her character reappeared on Friday, having left in 2010, to tell her eldest son Phil, played by Steve McFadden, that her cancer had returned.
After the episode, producers revealed that Peggy would die from the disease in emotional scenes to be screened in the spring.
Now Kemp, who played Grant from 1990-1999 and then again in 2005 and 2006, will return to bring the Mitchell family back together.
"Barbara is a very close friend, so when I learned of the storyline it felt right that the Mitchell brothers are reunited with their mother for the last time," he said.
"I am really looking forward to going back to EastEnders and filming what are set to be some classic EastEnders episodes."
Grant Mitchell has been one of the soap's most memorable characters in its 30-year history, arriving in 1990 along with brother Phil.
He was involved in repeated family dramas including having an affair with his brother's wife, Kathy, and having his brother go on to marry his ex-wife Sharon.
"Grant Mitchell is an EastEnders legend and finally he is returning home to Walford to say goodbye to his mother and be reunited not just with his old loves but also his brother," said EastEnders executive producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins.
"To have the Mitchell brothers come face to face again, having to face losing their mother, is an opportunity to show Ross Kemp and Steve McFadden at their very best."

Summary:


The number of school crossing patrol officers in Scotland has fallen by more than half since 2013, leading to fears about safety.
The number of school crossing patrol officers in Scotland has fallen by more than half since 2013, leading to fears about safety.
The number of school crossing patrol officers in Scotland has fallen by more than

Two-thirds of Scotland's councils have cut the amount of money spent on lollipop men and women in the past three years, research by BBC Scotland has found.

Article: The Â£20m programme was launched last year with underperforming schools getting access to expertise and more resources.
Around two thirds of the schools had improved on last year's GCSE results.
Education Minister Huw Lewis said there had been a "breakthrough" in performance.
"These are some of our most challenged schools and to see some of them reporting percentage improvement in the double figures  really is  remarkable."
Prof Mel Ainscow, champion for Schools Challenge Cymru, said at this stage Wales was ahead of where London and Manchester had been after the first year of their programmes.
"Overall the results are exceptionally good," he told BBC Wales.
"Some of the schools have made almost unbelievable progress including some schools serving quite disadvantaged communities where in the past people have had pretty low expectations.
"We're seeing with collective effort and support from outside people in those schools are really making a difference."
Although a third of the 40 schools had not improved results, Prof Ainscow said he expected progress at all schools in 2016 and the focus in the second year would be on helping those that needed to catch up.
Ravi Pawar, head of Blackwood Comprehensive, which had seen a 10% improvement in A* to C grades, said it was not about quick gains.
"The funding itself is important and enables us to make investments we need to sustain improvement for the future," he said.
The school's learning resources centre has been renovated with up to date computers, and the exams hall itself had also been improved.
St Cenydd in Caerphilly, Tonypandy and Pentrehafod in Swansea all reported their best ever results.
Martin Holland, head of Ysgol Clywedog in Wrexham - where results have provisionally improved by 4.5% - said they had put a lot of effort in turning things around after the school was in special measures.
"Belief is the biggest single factor - that students can achieve but also from the staff's perspective.
"There was a huge amount of negativity associated with the school and...

Summary: Most of the 40 secondary schools in Wales which were challenged by ministers to improve have shown progress in their GCSE results.
###
Article: There were 27 motorcyclist deaths in Greater London in 2014 compared with 22 in 2013, Transport for London said.
It said the Met Police was responding by cracking down on speeding and stopping motorcyclists for careless riding and ignoring red lights.
In 2014, there were 127 total recorded road deaths in London and 2,040 people were seriously injured.
Transport for London said the number of people killed or seriously injured (KSI) on the roads last year was the lowest since records began in 1980.
Earlier, London Mayor Boris Johnson set a new target of halving the number of KSIs in London by 2020 compared with the 2005-09 average.
He said: "These figures show quite clearly that road safety in the capital continues to head in the right direction.
"However, with a growing population and more people on our roads, we'll have to pull out all the stops to ensure that such positive trends continue."

Summary: The number of motorcycle deaths in London increased in a year when the capital's total road deaths fell by 4%.
###
Article: The document does not say whether Syrian President Bashar al-Assad should remain in power during that time.
It says certain Syrian opposition groups should take part in key talks on the crisis in Vienna on Saturday.
The Syrian army meanwhile has broken a siege in the north.
Army units fought their way to Kuwairis airbase, east of Aleppo, and eliminated large numbers of Islamic State (IS) militants, reports said.
The facility had been under attack by IS jihadists for nearly two years.
It represents a victory for regime forces which have struggled to advance even since Russia added its firepower to the conflict at the end of September, flying hundreds of sorties in that time.
The BBC's Steve Rosenberg is embedded with Russian forces at their air base near Latakia, sending the following tweets among others on Wednesday:
Russian planes targeted IS-controlled areas in Aleppo province and other targets in the Damascus countryside on Wednesday, reported the UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.
At least 22 people were killed and many more wounded by rebel shellfire in the Mediterranean city of Latakia on Tuesday, state media and activists say.
Latakia, which lies in the heartland of President Assad's minority Alawite sect, has largely escaped the conflict that has devastated most of Syria and killed more than 250,000 people.
A Russian foreign ministry spokeswoman said that the priority ahead of next Saturday's meeting should be to establish which Syrian opposition groups are to be regarded as partners in the process, and which are "terrorist" and unacceptable.
Two fundamental problems are immediately apparent:
First, there is the position of President Assad himself. The leaked document makes no mention of Mr Assad standing down during the transitional process, though it does say: "The president of Syria will not chair the constitutional commission".
The second problem is that of inclusivity - who actually will be asked to participate in the eventual peace talks?
The Russian proposal speaks of the launching...

Summary: A Russian document circulating at the United Nations has proposed a constitutional reform process in Syria, lasting 18 months, to be followed by presidential elections.
###
Article: School crossing patrol personnel numbers have dropped by about 75 since 2013, leading to fears about safety.
Overall, councils spent £810,000 less on the service than three years ago.
Stirling Council has reduced its outlay by the highest percentage, spending 50% less than in 2013.
West Dunbartonshire cut its spending on patrol services by 40%.
The figures were obtained from Freedom of Information requests answered by 30 of Scotland's 32 local authorities.
It showed there are now just over 2,100 school patrol officers in Scotland.
Despite the widespread reductions, some local authorities actually increased their spend - including Inverclyde, where it went up by more than 90% and Dumfries and Galloway, where it increased by nearly 10%.
A spokesman for Stirling Council, which had the biggest cut to school patrol services, said the decision was made three years ago following substantial cuts to its overall budget.
He added: "The majority of these savings were made by removing lunch-time crossing patrols and removing any patrols which duplicated existing crossing safety measures (i.e. pelican and zebra crossings nearby). The safety of our pupils is of the utmost importance and we strive to maintain key crossing patrol services where these are required."
West Dunbartonshire said that patroller sites had been reduced due to a variety of factors including the relocation of schools, lack of use of sites and alternative facilities nearby.
A spokesman for the council said: "Over the last three years a number of our school crossing patrollers have retired or moved on to other roles.
"On review, some of the sites have no longer met the criteria for a crossing patroller and in other cases we have installed a pedestrian crossing.
"Increasing numbers of pupils remaining in school over lunchtime has also meant that there is no longer demand for cover during these times."
The Scottish Parent Teacher Council emphasised the importance of school patrollers for pupil safety.
Eileen Prior from the organisation said: "Parents want...

Summary:


The RSPCA has launched a campaign to help people who have been duped into buying a pet tiger.
The charity is warning people to be wary of the "tiger trap" - a "tiger in a box" - which is being sold on the internet.
The RSPCA said: "

Owners of exotic animals have been urged to do research before having them as pets after a seriously neglected chameleon was found in Cardiff Bay.

Article: Children faced the same pressures as their parents and grandparents as savings rates fell, Moneyfacts said.
The financial information service said some accounts paid just 0.1% a year.
Annual interest paid on a typical child savings account, including fixed term and variable accounts, has fallen from 1.61% a year ago to 1.39% now.
A government-backed advice service said that the rates were falling but children should still be urged to save.
Andrew Johnson, from the Money Advice Service, said: "While this may make the prospect of saving less attractive, it's important that people understand the importance of building up a savings buffer."
Last month the service said that more than 16 million adults in the UK have savings of less than £100.
He said that children should be included in the process of setting up savings, and parents should shop around for the best deals to suit everyone's needs.
Children's savings accounts had collectively been the subject of more than 100 rate cuts over the course of the year, according to Moneyfacts.
Those accounts, which have a fluid, or variable, interest rate, have seen rates cut after the Bank of England cut its base rate in August. Most variable rate savings accounts for adults have also been hit by this change.
The best paying accounts still pay nearly 3% a year in interest - higher than the rising cost of living. The worst still pay well below the rate of inflation.
"It is hugely disappointing to see children's savings accounts facing the same treatment as adult accounts," said Rachel Springall, of Moneyfacts.
"As the majority of child savers pay variable rates, they are in danger of rate changes at any moment, so it's worthwhile to be diligent in checking the savings pot on a regular basis and not put up with any paltry interest."
Young savers can get a better return by signing up to accounts that tie them in to making a fixed level of regular saving, while their families can also get slightly better rates on Junior Isas.
These Isas - a variation on regular tax-free...

Summary: Some children might as well put their pocket money in a piggy bank rather than an actual bank owing to poor rates of interest, research suggests.
###
Article: A regional breakdown of installations published by the Stephen Nolan Show on Radio Ulster shows the biggest cluster is around Dungannon, County Tyrone.
There are 342 boilers there - about one-in-six of the total.
The statistics show the total of 2,128 recipients are split roughly between commercial and farming interests.
Around Ballymena and Ballymoney there are 276 boilers.
Poultry farmers are heavily represented, accounting for 871 of the installations.
The two main clusters are close to Moy Park's processing plants in Northern Ireland, in Ballymena and Dungannon.
Poultry farmers use the boilers to heat chicken houses where the birds are reared.
Many switched from LPG gas to biomass in recent years.
Other areas where there are significant numbers of boilers by postcode include Armagh which has 112 and Omagh which has 82.
Last week, Finance Minister Máirtín Ó Muilleoir said a Moy Park briefing with his officials had raised "issues" about the operation of the RHI scheme.
Moy Park later issued a statement but made no reference to those issues.
On Monday, the former DETI minister Jonathan Bell claimed under assembly privilege that he had been told DUP special advisers Timothy Johnston and John Robinson had extensive interests in the poultry industry, and that he would not be allowed to reduce the RHI tariff as a result.
The DUP later issued a statement of categorical denial on behalf of both men.
John Robinson said he had "no personal interest" in the poultry industry. He said two of his brothers were poultry farmers but were not in the RHI.
Timothy Johnston said he had "no family connections to the poultry industry". He said he had two brothers in law in the poultry industry but neither had any connection with the RHI.
On Tuesday, Mr Bell said he was prepared to repeat allegations he made about the role played by special advisers in the RHI scheme, to a judge-led inquiry.
He was speaking during an an opposition debate in the Assembly calling for a public inquiry into the controversial scheme.
He also made...

Summary: Most companies on the lucrative RHI scheme are based in mid-Ulster and north Antrim, according to information passed to the BBC.
###
Article: The party held three seats and won one from the Greens on Glasgow City Council. It also held another seat on South Lanarkshire Council.
Three of the by-elections were prompted by the resignation as councillors of newly elected SNP MPs.
The remaining two were the result of the resignation of an SNP and a Green councillor.
The five contests saw a repeat of the large swings to the SNP seen at the general election and in other recent council by-elections.
However, turnout in the latest polls was as low as 14.5% in one case and 16.1% in another.
In the poll in Glasgow's Langside ward, where the SNP won a seat from the Greens, first-preference voting was: SNP 2,134, Labour 932, Green 579, Conservative 379, Liberal Democrats 125, Ukip 65, TUSC 62.
The swing from Labour to the SNP was 13%. The Greens saw their vote share increase by 4.5 points but it was not enough to hold the seat they had won when three seats were contested in the ward in 2012. Turnout was 21.7%.
At Glasgow, Calton, the SNP held the council seat vacated by new MP Alison Thewliss with 1,507 first-preference votes against Labour 814, Conservative 129, Ukip 103, Green 99, Independent 47 and Lib Dems 18. The swing from Labour to the SNP was 25%, and turnout 16.1%.
At Glasgow, Anderston/City, formerly represented by new MP Martin Docherty, the SNP held the seat with 1,441 first-count votes against Labour 857, Green 414, Conservative 164, Lib Dem 66, Ukip 43, Libertarian 12. Swing from Labour to SNP was 20%, and turnout 14.5%
The SNP also held a seat at Glasgow, Craigton. First-preference voting was: SNP 2,674, Labour 1,643, Conservative 300, Green 136, Ukip 95, Lib Dem 87. Swing from Lab to SNP was 21.5%, and turnout 21.7%.
At South Lanarkshire, Hamilton South, the SNP held the seat vacated by Angela Crawley MP. First-preference voting was: SNP 1,881, Labour 1,396, Conservative 349, Green 127, Christian 77, Ukip 43, Lib Dem 32, Pirate 13. Swing from Labour to SNP was 16%, and turnout 26.8%.
Similarly large swings of 20% and 23% from Labour to the SNP...

Summary: The SNP is celebrating further success after winning in five council by-elections.
###
Article: The panther chameleon was found on Monday by a dog walker in the wooded area at Marl Park.
It had to be put down after X-rays showed all of its legs were broken and it had a deformed spine.
RSPCA Cymru said it was an "extremely sad example of an abandoned and neglected exotic pet".
Inspector Selina Chan said: "It is a possibility that the owners took on this animal but were unable to provide the care he needs and decided to release him to the wild.
"We are urging potential owners of exotic animals to thoroughly research what is required in the care of the particular species before taking one on.
"Potential owners need to make sure they can give their animal the environment it needs and they have the facilities, time, financial means and long-term commitment to maintain a good standard of care, as required under the Animal Welfare Act 2006."
She added it was illegal to release non-native species into the wild.

Summary:


to counter the Islamic State group in Syria.
The US and Russia have agreed to work together to counter the Islamic State group in Syria, US Secretary of State John Kerry said on Thursday.
The US and Russia have agreed to work together to counter the Islamic State group in

Russian President Vladimir Putin has sought to allay Israeli concerns at Russia's military build-up in Syria.

Article: The Sheffield City Region was one of 38 places to bid for increased control in how public money is spent in its area.
The deal - part of the government's northern powerhouse programme - will require the support of local councils and be subject to public consultation.
As part of the deal, a Sheffield City Region mayor will be elected in 2017.
The mayor will be responsible for transport budgets and strategic planning.
The agreement means the Sheffield City Region will also have access to a pot of government money - Â£30m a year over 30 years - enabling Sheffield to boost local growth and invest in local manufacturing and innovation.
The mayor will chair meetings for Sheffield City Region Combined Authority.
The city region is comprised of the nine local authority areas of Barnsley, Bassetlaw, Bolsover, Chesterfield, Derbyshire Dales, Doncaster, North East Derbyshire, Rotherham and Sheffield.
Mr Osborne said Sheffield was "forging ahead" in creating a northern powerhouse.
He said: "We have signed this historic deal to transfer power from Whitehall to South Yorkshire, to an elected mayor accountable to local people, so that the decisions that affect this area are taken by local people."
The chancellor described the northern powerhouse as "a collection of northern cities sufficiently close to each other that combined they can take on the world" when he unveiled the plan for devolution in England's cities in June 2014.
Last November, he announced Greater Manchester was to have an elected mayor and next year the region is to become the first in England to get full control of its health spending.
The Sheffield City Region deal jumped the queue to be announced because it was the most clearly defined bid from clusters of local authorities across the country.
All four big South Yorkshire district councils, together with five smaller ones in the North Midlands, have been in agreement for some time that their economies are so closely linked that they are the obvious partners to take on extra powers and budgets from...

Summary: Chancellor George Osborne has signed an agreement with political leaders in South Yorkshire paving the way for an elected mayor for the region.
###
Article: EU trade ministers are discussing the Ceta deal in Luxembourg, and Wallonia's concerns cannot be ignored. Belgium's national government backs the deal.
Walloon MPs say Ceta favours Canadian firms and they want more safeguards for Belgian farmers.
It is the EU's biggest trade deal yet.
Going into the Luxembourg meeting, Mr Reynders said: "The federal government is in favour [of Ceta] but we have to convince particularly Wallonia.
"I'm in permanent contact with the Walloon prime minister. I hope we'll be able to move forward at the summit."
Trade will be a major issue at the two-day EU summit in Brussels, which starts on Thursday.
EU leaders hope to sign Ceta - the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement - with Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on 27 October. The negotiations started in 2009.
Some UK politicians see Ceta as a possible model for a Brexit deal with the EU. It will not allow the degree of EU market access that UK services currently enjoy. And Ceta does not involve EU-style free movement of people.
Would Ceta be a good model for the UK?
Walloon PM Paul Magnette said he was expecting the European Commission to present an additional text addressing his region's concerns.
On Friday the Walloon parliament, representing 3.6m people, voted against Ceta.
European Parliament briefing on Ceta
The deal requires approval by all six regional and community parliaments in Belgium, as well as the EU's national parliaments, and the European Parliament, to take full effect.
But parts of the deal can be implemented before full ratification.
One of the most controversial areas - special investor courts to handle commercial disputes - will have to await full ratification of Ceta.
"If there are safeguard clauses for the Canadians to legitimately protect their markets against possible European exports, which might threaten them, then why not have reciprocal clauses [for Europe] too?" Mr Magnette said.
"We in Wallonia are coming under huge pressure - and sometimes we're getting barely disguised threats," he told...

Summary: Belgium's Foreign Minister Didier Reynders says EU leaders may agree on a landmark EU-Canada trade deal this week - but only if objections from his country's Wallonia region can be met.
###
Article: Barry Beavis, 47, of Chelmsford, Essex, claimed an £85 charge for breaching a two-hour limit in the town in April 2013 was "unfair and disproportionate".
The Court of Appeal dismissed Mr Beavis's claim against management company ParkingEye.
He appealed to the Supreme Court, but judges there have also rejected his case. The company said its charges were "fair" and "legally enforceable".
Mr Beavis, who owns The Happy Haddock chip shop in Billericay, was charged by ParkingEye after over-staying the free parking period at Riverside Retail Park by nearly an hour.
Updates on this story and more from Essex
Following the decision, Mr Beavis  said: "It is a very dangerous ruling. I am disappointed the Supreme Court did not stick up for the consumer.
"It has decided these charges are allowed because they are not excessive - so what is excessive?
"There is now no legal recourse to go to European Court of Justice. I think the government needs to intervene and introduce a single code of practice."
Mr Beavis said he travelled to London by train for the hearing as he "wasn't going to pay to park".
Supreme Court president Lord Neuberger and Lord Sumption said in a joint written ruling ParkingEye could not charge over-stayers "whatever it liked".
"It could not charge a sum which would be out of all proportion to its interest or that of the landowner for whom it is providing the service," they wrote.
"But there is no reason to suppose £85 is out of all proportion to its interests."
Steve Gooding, director of motoring charity RAC Foundation, said Parliament should now tackle parking charges in the same way it dealt with clamping in 2012.
He echoed Mr Beavis' comments and said judges had not given any clear direction on what figure would be excessive.
"This opens the door for parking companies to increase their penalty demands and leaves the onus on motorists to fight sky-high charges on a case-by-case basis," he said.
He added the DVLA which "releases several million vehicle records to private parking companies" should be...

Summary: A chip shop owner has lost his Supreme Court battle over parking charges.
###
Article: At talks in Moscow, he told Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu that Russia's actions in the Middle East would always be "responsible".
Mr Netanyahu is concerned by the possibility of Israeli and Russian forces inadvertently trading fire.
Israel has periodically struck inside Syria against militants it says have been plotting attacks against it.
It has also responded to shellfire from forces loyal to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, who Russia has backed throughout the four-year uprising against his rule.
But in the past week, US officials have confirmed reports that the Russian military has sent warplanes, helicopters, tanks, artillery guns, armoured personnel carriers and 200 marines to an airfield near Mr Assad's ancestral home in Latakia province.
They believe Moscow plans to turn the airfield into a forward operating base that could allow it to send a large number of troops to Syria and launch air strikes.
Israel is believed to have previously targeted Syrian and Iranian weapons convoys in Syria meant for the Lebanese militant group Hezbollah, though it has not officially acknowledged this.
Benjamin Netanyahu's visit to Moscow comes at a time of deepening Russian military involvement in Syria.
The arrival of Russian fixed-wing combat aircraft at the airbase in Latakia only accentuates the questions surrounding Moscow's military presence there.
According to satellite photos obtained by Stratfor - a US think-tank - the jets appear to be four Sukhoi Su-30 multi-role fighters and up to a dozen possible SU-25 ground attack aircraft.
Their deployment came shortly after initial military-to-military contacts between the US and the Russians at the end of last week.
The US is operating warplanes against so-called Islamic State targets in Syrian airspace and Israel too is concerned about the potential constraints on its military freedom of action over southern Syria.
That's why Mr Netanyahu visited Moscow. Clearly all three countries need to have some sense of what the other might potentially be doing if a...

Summary:


The value of the pound has fallen to a record low against the dollar, as the US Federal Reserve continues to raise interest rates.
The pound has fallen to a record low against the dollar, as the US Federal Reserve continues to raise interest rates.
The pound has fallen to a record low against the dollar, as

Confidence in the England team is high ahead of Saturday's opening World Cup match against Italy, according to a study of words relating to football.

Article: His departure comes just weeks after Microsoft launched Windows 8, the latest edition of its flagship product, seen as key to the firm's future.
Microsoft did not give any reason for Mr Sinofsky's departure.
However, one industry watcher suggested there had been talk of an internal "war" between Mr Sinofsky and chief executive Steve Ballmer.
Markets took the news badly, with Microsoft's shares ending the trading day on Tuesday 4% lower.
The company said Julie Larson-Green would be promoted to lead all Windows software and hardware engineering.
"This is shocking news. This is very surprising," said Brendan Barnicle, an analyst at Pacific Crest Securities.
He added that many observers saw Mr Sinofsky as a potential successor to Steve Ballmer, Microsoft's chief executive.
In a letter to all employees, published by Forbes, Mr Sinofsky set out to quell the rumours about his departure.
"Some might notice a bit of chatter speculating about this decision or timing. I can assure you that none could be true as this was a personal and private choice that in no way reflects any speculation or theories one might read - about me, opportunity, the company or its leadership," he said.
By Rory Cellan-JonesTechnology correspondent
Sinofsky's exit, just weeks after the launch of Windows 8, raises questions about the future direction of the business, not least because he was seen as a credible successor to Ballmer.
A 23 year veteran of the company, he was a familiar figure to anyone who attended a Microsoft launch, a polished performer explaining just why we should be excited about the latest innovations in the Windows operating system.
Read Rory's full blog
"It is impossible to count the blessings I have received over my years at Microsoft," he added.
Michael Gartenberg, an analyst with research firm Gartner, said that Mr Sinofsky's were big boots to fill.
"The reasons why he left don't matter all that much but the big question is about how Microsoft fills the void," he said.
"He did a lot more than head up a division, he had a...

Summary: Steven Sinofsky, the head of Microsoft's Windows division, has left the company with immediate effect.
###
Article: The items at Rievaulx Abbey, near Helmsley, North Yorkshire, are being displayed following a Â£1.8m redevelopment by English Heritage.
Objects on display include a half-tonne lead bar stamped with Henry's emblem which is all that remains of the abbey's roofs and windows.
Rievaulx Abbey was destroyed by royal command in 1538.
Other exhibits include medieval stone carvings, chess pieces and gold coins that tell the story of the first Cistercian abbey in the north of England.
Dr Michael Carter, for English Heritage, said: "Rievaulx Abbey is one of the most important abbeys in England and the setting one of the most beautiful.
"It was a place of huge spiritual significance for the country and one utterly transformed by dramatic upheavals under Henry VIII."
Rievaulx was founded in 1132 and at its peak in the 1160s was home to more than 600 men.
Many of the ruined buildings seen today were constructed by Aelred, abbot from 1147 to 1167, who became the most prominent religious figure of his day in England.
It was one of more than 800 monasteries closed by Henry VIII and his chief minister Thomas Cromwell following the reformation which severed the English church from Rome.

Summary: Artefacts from an abbey destroyed by Henry VIII have gone on display for the first time in nearly 500 years.
###
Article: The virtual currency reached $3,451.86 (£2,651) per coin in Monday trade, according to the Coindesk Bitcoin Price Index.
It had never crossed the $3,000 mark until the weekend. The market value of all bitcoins in existence has now surpassed $56bn (£43bn).
The surge followed the creation of a spin-off crypto-currency, Bitcoin Cash, last week.
The new asset is trading well below the peak price of $727.54 (£557) per coin it attained on 2 August.
However, Bitcoin Cash's future does appear to be more assured after Coinbase, one of the leading exchange and wallet services, promised to support it after previously refusing to give such a commitment.
"We are planning to have support for Bitcoin Cash by 1 January 2018, assuming no additional risks emerge during that time," it announced on its blog.
The value of the original Bitcoin experienced big swings in July. First there was concern that there might be a "civil war" over rival plans to speed up transactions.
That helped cause its value to dip to $1,938.94 (£1,485) on 16 July before a compromise scheme called Segwit2x gained favour.
Then a fresh plan to fork the currency emerged from a group of insiders unhappy with the Segwit2x initiative.
On 1 August, they offered investors a Bitcoin Cash token to match every original Bitcoin token they owned. The move created an incompatible version of the blockchain ledger, which keeps track of past transactions.
The initiative had the potential to undermine the original Bitcoin, particularly if many miners had jumped ship. Miners provide the computer processing power to authorise transactions, and Bitcoin Cash was designed to appeal to their interests.
However, it currently remains more profitable to mine the original Bitcoin's blockchain than that of Bitcoin Cash, and support for the new crypto-currency remains limited.
"What this has shown is that Bitcoin is much more resilient to forks than some people thought," commented Michael Parsons, a blockchain adviser.
"And it appears that there is room for more than one type of...

Summary: Bitcoin's value has jumped to a record high, following a month of turmoil.
###
Article: Cambridge University Press is analysing media coverage during Brazil 2014 and scoring 'confidence levels' out of 100.
The score rises and falls dependent on the words used to describe England.
Confidence was measured at 38 after the 2-2 draw with Ecuador on 4 June and 40 following the 0-0 draw with Honduras on 8 June but rose to 77 a day later.
England's current rating is 70, going into the game in Manaus, according to the Cambridge Confidence Index.
Researchers have analysed and assessed millions of words from a wide range of media sources over the past two weeks.
Cambridge University Press's Dr Claire Dembry said: "The breadth of sources means we're able to give a unique insight into the mood surrounding the England team.
"It's interesting to see that the nation is in confident spirits ahead of the Italy game, despite some fairly lacklustre performances against Ecuador and Honduras."
Words such as "progress",  "strong" and "joy" have increasingly been used by players, coaching staff and fans.
Midfielder Adam Lallana, 26, and 18-year-old Luke Shaw, who are both seeking to leave Southampton, have been described more positively than any other England player.
Neymar, who scored twice in Brazil's 3-1 victory over Croatia, was the most talked about player after the opening match.
"Controversial" was identified as the word of the day following the disputed penalty for Brazil's first goal and anti-World Cup protests in several host cities.
Cambridge will track positive and negative indicators throughout the tournament, in order to measure changes in the perceived confidence in the England team.

Summary:


The BBC has launched a new app to help people find out more about the BBC's coverage of the 2016 US election.
The BBC Election 2016 app is available for free on iOS and Android devices.
It will provide users with a "personalised" news feed based on their political views.
The app will also

A woman has won a gold award at national baking competition by entering a life-sized Jennifer Lawrence cake.

Article: The Tory minister was giving evidence to the Treasury select committee which is examining the Smith Commission plan.
Mr Osborne said it would be up to Scotland to decide whether to vary future tax rates and therefore spark "competition".
He added that Holyrood would bear the consequences of using its new powers.
On Thursday the draft Scotland Bill is due to be published.
That represents the next stage in a process to send more powers across the border.
During the Scottish independence referendum campaign, the Tories, Labour and Liberal Democrats vowed to give greater responsibility to Holyrood if voters said "No".
On 18 September, the electorate decided 55% to 45% against change.
Lord Smith, who headed the devolution commission, recommended that control over income tax would be shared between the UK and Scottish parliaments.
But within this framework, MSPs would have the power to freely set the rates of income tax and the thresholds of Scottish taxpayers.
Mr Osborne was asked whether that move could lead to "tax competition".
He told the committee: "Ultimately that is a decision primarily for the Scottish Parliament and the Scottish government as to whether they pursue that or not.
"I think it is quite interesting that off the back of the changes we announced at the Autumn Statement to stamp duty that then led to the Scottish government saying it would revisit its proposals on stamp duty.
"You could say that that is a bit of tax competition in action."
The committee quizzed the chancellor in detail about the Smith Commission principle that there there should be no "detriment" to either Scotland or the rest of the UK in regard to tax receipts and spending.
Mr Osborne explained to committee chairman Andrew Tyrie: "The no detriment principle is around the adjustments to the block grant connected with the loss or additional tax revenues that come from the first round effects and potentially behavioural effects.
"But I think it is important, and I think this is fundamental to what everyone is trying to establish...

Summary: Chancellor George Osborne has told MPs that new powers being handed to Scotland could result in a UK-wide competition over tax rates.
###
Article: Cycling charity CTC made the accusation after the cross-Channel service said it would be storing bikes from 1 November in what is known as a "bike box" - meaning the bike has to be dismantled.
The change would discourage cyclists from using Eurostar, the charity said.
But Eurostar said the new storage method used space more efficiently.
"The only change is that bikes will now need to be carried in a bike box, which we are happy to provide," a Eurostar spokesman said.
"When packaging bikes in this way, they take up less space which means that we can carry more bikes, or any other type of luggage."
Currently cyclists can take a bicycle on board and pay a Â£30 fee for it to be carried via a registered luggage system. The bike is hung on a storage rack by its tyres, and Eurostar estimates that at the moment they have the capacity to take around eight bikes per train.
But from 1 November cyclists will have to dismantle their bikes to put them into a box and reassemble them when they reach their destination.
Eurostar said its staff would be on hand to help cyclists getting bikes into the boxes, and it would accommodate any size bike box if cyclists wanted to bring their own.
Transport for London (TfL) allows folding bikes on all of its London Tube services but only permits non-folded bikes at some stations.
On its buses, folded bikes are allowed at the "driver's discretion".
Train companies' policies on bikes vary: Virgin Trains requires customers to reserve a space for non-folded bikes, while Southern prohibits non-folding bikes on some of its rush-hour services.
Coach companies National Express and Megabus only allow folded bikes, while Stagecoach allows non-folding bikes on a limited number of services.
Airlines tend to permit bikes but usually require them to be packaged in a box or bag and often charge a fee.
But CTC chief executive Paul Tuohy argued dismantling the bike - including taking wheels off - would be "too difficult" for some riders.
He said: "There is nothing sustainable about this policy, as it...

Summary: A planned change in the way Eurostar stores bikes for travel has led to claims it is treating cyclists like "third-class passengers".
###
Article: The company had originally said conversations within Allo would be only temporarily stored on its servers, restricting the authorities' ability to request access.
However, the Verge news site revealed that Google now holds on to the data unless users take active measures to stop it.
Google has confirmed the U-turn.
Privacy campaigners say the public must be kept informed about how their records are handled.
"It's important that citizens are given enough information about what will happen to their data for them make an informed choice about whether or not they want to use this service," said Daniel Nesbitt, research director at Big Brother Watch.
"This includes who may be able to access it and where the data will be stored".
Allo was first announced at the Google IO event in May.
At the time, it said chat records would be "transiently" stored on its servers.
This was required to provide the app's standout feature - the inclusion of the Google Assistant, a tool that provides context-relevant suggestions.
For example, if two people are discussing Italian food, the Assistant can be asked within the conversation to give details of nearby restaurants or how to prepare a dish.
Google's support documents state that a user can opt to wipe their chat history and add that it holds onto people's data to provide them with "a more personalised experience".
But when first asked, the firm was unable to clarify whether it had abandoned plans to delete chats without being prompted.
Allo itself handled privacy queries by providing a link to the Verge.
However, a spokeswoman later confirmed the change of policy.
"We've given users transparency and control over their data in Google Allo," she told the BBC.
"Our approach is simple - your chat history is saved for you until you choose to delete it. You can delete single messages or entire conversations."
Allo does offer an Incognito mode -  which encrypts the chats in a form that prevents the Assistant listening in or the authorities being able to get an unscrambled copy - but this...

Summary: Google has launched its new chat app with weaker privacy protection measures than previously promised.
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Article: Lara Clarke, from Walsall, won the award at the Cake International contest with her 5ft 10in (1.7m) creation, inspired by the Hunger Games star.
Ms Clarke previously triumphed at the contest with a life-sized Johnny Depp cake, which made headlines around the world.
She said she found her second consecutive success "hugely exciting".
Ms Clarke also won silver in the large decorative exhibit section at the competition, with a cake based on her favourite Game of Thrones character Tyrion Lannister.
She spent two-and-a-half months working on the cakes ahead of the competition at Birmingham's National Exhibition Centre,
The Jennifer Lawrence sponge cake required 150 eggs, 10kg (22lb) flour and 10kg butter.
When asked what she planned to enter next  year, she said she would need a "long lie down" before she decided.
Clare Fisher, senior sales executive at Cake International, said the standard of entries was "breathtaking".

Summary:


The BBC is launching a new series of programmes to help people get active.
The new series of programmes will be called Get Inspired and will be available on BBC iPlayer.
The series will feature a range of people from different backgrounds and with different goals.
The first programme, Get Inspired, will be broadcast on

Make Your Move has caught up with BBC Radio 5 live's Anna Foster, who has completed week one of the Couch to 5k Challenge.

Article: The proposals would see more than 10,000 sq m of floor space built over the next decade at Lincoln Science and Innovation Park.
Director Tom Blount said the new Â£22m facilities would help attract larger science and technology companies.
Plans have been submitted to the City of Lincoln Council.
More on this and other local stories from across Lincolnshire
The science park, which is a partnership between Lincolnshire Co-op and the University of Lincoln, established in 2012, has already seen the creation of academic research laboratories, and other smaller high-tech businesses.
Phase one of the science park also saw the completion of the Boole Technology Centre, in February.
Mr Blount said the expansion plans (phase two) would compliment what already exists while bringing in larger firms with a focus on agricultural - advanced engineering and digital technologies.
"This site was at the heart of the Ruston Bucyrus factory until 25 years ago, with thousands of people coming here to work," he added.
"It's a great sadness that what we are left with is basically car parking and storage space."
He added that, if approved, the development would provide "huge opportunities" for technology businesses in the region, and help regenerate the area.

Summary: Plans to expand a science park could create up to 1,000 jobs and provide "huge opportunities" for high-tech firms, its director has said.
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Article: Speaking at a Mississippi rally, he said his opponent "sees people of colour only as votes not as human beings worthy of a better future".
Mr Trump added that Mrs Clinton and the Democratic party had taken advantage of the African-American community.
Mrs Clinton fired back, saying "he is taking a hate movement mainstream".
The Democratic presidential nominee called out Mr Trump for questioning the citizenship of President Barack Obama and for failing to disavow former Ku Klux Klan leader David Duke, adding that he was "peddling bigotry and prejudice and paranoia".
Mr Trump took aim at Mrs Clinton during a campaign stop in Jackson, Mississippi, on Wednesday, where he was joined by Britain's outgoing UKIP leader Nigel Farage.
Mr Farage, who is viewed as a major force behind the UK's exit from the EU, told Trump supporters to "get your walking boots on" and begin campaigning.
In recent days, Mr Trump has attempted to court African-Americans after failing to gain support among this key voting bloc.
Only about 2% of black voters say they will vote for the New York businessman, according to current polls.
It's a standard part of the American political playbook not just to try to exploit your campaign opponent's weaknesses, but also to diminish his or her perceived strengths.
George W Bush adviser Karl Rove mastered this manoeuvre, best displayed in the 2004 attacks against John Kerry, a decorated veteran, for his Vietnam military service.
So it's not exactly stunning that Donald Trump is attempting to undermine what a bedrock of Hillary Clinton's campaign - her support among minority voters, particularly blacks.
The trick, however, is there has to be some appearance of substance behind the charges for them to stick. The reason Kerry was so damaged in 2004 was because the hits came from his fellow veterans and not Mr Bush.
Mr Trump's calling Mrs Clinton a bigot in a few speeches is likely to bounce off the Democratic nominee if that's all there is. A wealthy - white - New York billionaire telling blacks how terrible...

Summary: Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump has accused Democratic rival Hillary Clinton of being a "bigot" in his latest appeal to minority voters.
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Article: Planning consultants have outlined proposals to build 250 new homes on the Rugby Road site.
"We've probably got about 18 months to find a new home," Horton said.
"We need to protect the club and we may have no choice but to ground share  - and Leicester's the ideal club."
The Lions race at Beaumont Park, some 27 miles from the Bees' current home, and, although plans for an alternative multi-purpose venue that could host speedway in Rugby have been mooted, Horton says he cannot afford to wait around.
"Yes, Brandon is tired and it does need money spending on it, however it's still one of the best speedway facilities in the country," Horton told BBC Coventry and Warwickshire.
"There have been meetings and there is a site they're looking at but, from a selfish point of view, I'm only really interested in speedway.
"It would be great if they find a piece of land and build on it and we join them, but I've got to keep our options open.
"We need to be in control of our own destiny - that's what we need to strive for."
The Bees ended the 2015 Elite League season in second place in the table but lost to eventual champions Poole Pirates over two legs in the semi-final of the play-offs.

Summary: Coventry Bees could be left with "no option" but to ground share - probably with Leicester - if plans to redevelop their current Brandon home go ahead, according to team owner Mick Horton.
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Article: Media playback is not supported on this device
Anna has started the challenge, which is a BBC Get Inspired and Public Health England's One You campaign, especially designed for people who have done little or no running.
The campaign is a nine-week plan, starting with a brisk walk and ending with a 5k run.
If you want to start your own Couch to 5K Challenge just like Anna, visit the Make Your Move website.
And you won't be on your own - choose your trainer from some familiar faces. Radio DJ Jo Whiley; comedian and actor Sanjeev Kohli; 13-time Olympic and World Championship gold medallist Michael Johnson and comedian Sarah Millican will talk you through your run and support you every step of the way.
Impress yourself. Take on the challenge.

Summary:


A new study has found that the number of people with cystic fibrosis in the UK has fallen by more than half since the 1980s.
The study, published in the journal Nature, found that the number of people with the condition fell from 1.2 million in 1980 to just over 500,000 in 2016

The first Church of England vicar to marry a same-sex partner has accused the church of being "institutionally homophobic".

Article: The Commerce Department said gross domestic product rose at an annual pace of 2.1%, not the 1.5% rate it reported last month.
Consumer spending was revised down slightly, although this was offset by growth in other economic areas.
Even with the GDP revision, growth still slowed from an annual pace of 3.9% in the second quarter.
However, in the second quarter of the year the economy was rebounding from the impact of the harsh winter weather experienced at the start of the year, which slowed the US economy to a crawl.
The better third quarter growth is still likely to fuel speculation that the US Federal Reserve is ready to raise interest rates next month.
The upward revision by the Commerce Department puts the US economy on course to grow at least 2% in the second half. It comes in the wake of strong jobs growth in October.
"Domestic demand in the US economy remains very solid, something that will surely give comfort to the Fed as it ponders its next move," said Robert Kavcic, a senior economist at BMO Capital Markets.
The main factor behind the upward revision to the growth figure was the discovery that businesses had restocked their inventories at a faster pace than first estimated.
Consumer spending, which accounts for more than two-thirds of US economic activity, grew at a 3% rate, down from the 3.2% rate estimated last month.
Growth in business investment slowed to a rate of 3.4% from 5.2% in the previous quarter. That was mainly due to a sharp drop in spending on oil and gas exploration by energy firms because of the weak oil price.

Summary: US economic growth for the third quarter has been revised up, helped by stronger investment and house building.
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Article: Lynovex, developed by Aberdeen-based bio-technology company Novabiotics, is one of a number of new drugs being worked on to tackle the condition.
Cystic fibrosis affects one in every 2,500 babies born in Britain.
Sufferers often die before they reach 40 as mucus from the disease damages their lungs, risking infection.
Lynovex controls the bacteria and fungi that causes lung infections and could help the lungs to work effectively for as long as possible.
The results of Phase II clinical trials are due to be presented today in Brussels at the annual conference of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society.
Aberdeen-based Novabiotics concentrates on developing drugs for conditions which are rare or difficult to treat.
Last month, it was announced that a new combination drug had been developed which stops the genetic disorder damaging the lungs.
However, although the new drug is suitable for a lot of patients, it is not yet a 100% cure and there remains a critical need for more effective, safe, long-term treatments.
Lynovex breaks down the sticky mucus in the lungs of patients.
The active component of the new medicine is Cysteamine, a drug used for 20 years to treat an unrelated rare condition called cystinosis.
The fact it is already approved for clinical use means it could be quickly approved for use on people with cystic fibrosis.
"We know it's safe," said Novabiotics principal scientist Dr Douglas Fraser-Pitt. "Now we just need to prove its effectiveness in this group of patients in further trials.
"It has the potential to make a big difference to care.
"It is also a re-purposed drug so there is lots of potential for this drug to reach everyone who needs it quickly."

Summary: Scottish researchers believe a new drug could ease the symptoms of people with cystic fibrosis.
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Article: The Lynx UK Trust is launching a consultation to sample the public's reaction to bring the big cats to Norfolk, Cumbria and Aberdeenshire.
Dr Paul O'Donoghue, from the trust, said he would visit a site next week to begin working with interested parties.
But the National Farmers' Union (NFU) is concerned about the impact the move would have on forest ecosystems.
The scheme would see four to six lynx, wearing radio tracking devices at each site, each of which are rich in deer and tree cover.
One site would be at Grumack Forest in Aberdeenshire.
The other two remain undisclosed but the BBC believes one is close to Thetford Forest, on the border of Suffolk and Norfolk, while the other is in Ennerdale, in the Lake District.
Once the Lynx UK Trust's consultation is completed, it will lodge a formal application with Natural England and Scottish Natural Heritage.
Dr O'Donoghue said the story had generated great interest: "We're delighted by the overwhelmingly positive response.
"It will be done in a very controlled, scientific way and we would be sure that everyone's concerns and voices would be taken into account."
Andrew Clark, director of policy for the NFU, said: "The NFU would be concerned at the reintroduction of Lynx due to the cost involved and high risk of failure.
"With limited funding available, budgets are better focussed on retaining and developing existing biodiversity."
Peter Watson, of the Deer Initiative, a group formed to find humane ways of controlling deer, called for a feasibility study for the experimental reintroduction.
"We want to protect our native biodiversity and also reduce the number of vehicle collisions there are with deer," he said.
"We can see no reason relating to deer management not to accept or support a feasibility study into the reintroduction in suitable habitat and prey locations."

Summary: Wild lynx, extinct in Britain for more than 1,300 years, could be released on to privately-owned estates in the UK.
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Article: He made the comments after he was told he would not get a new parish when he leaves his existing one in London.
The Reverend Andrew Foreshew-Cain is leaving his congregation in West Hampstead as he is moving to the Peak District with his husband.
He said he felt under constant pressure being a gay man working in the Church.
Speaking to BBC Radio 5 live's Stephen Nolan, he said: "The people of the Church of England, the worshipping congregations up and down the country are amazing people who worship and serve their local communities and do tremendous amounts of good in lots of places and for the most part they are welcoming and accepting of the LGBTI community.
"The problem is with the leadership of the Church which maintains and promotes policies and practices which are discriminatory against LGBTI people."
He added: "There's this constant pressure of being a gay man working for the Church of England, in an institution which is institutionally homophobic and has policies and attitudes towards the LGBT community which are harmful."
Father Foreshew-Cain has been a vicar for 27 years and is the vicar of St Mary with All Souls, Kilburn, and St James in West Hampstead.
He has told his congregation he plans to leave in July as his husband is now working 200 miles away.
He said after he married in 2014, he received a letter from his bishop saying he would not be allowed to work in another job within the Church.
"That's discrimination and in any other part of the world that would be illegal," he said.
A spokesperson for the diocese of London said: "Andrew Foreshew-Cain is currently a member of the clergy in the Diocese of London.
"We understand that he has plans to move to Manchester for personal reasons but the diocese has not received his resignation at this time."

Summary:


A new study has found that the use of e-cigarettes is associated with a higher risk of developing heart disease.
The study, published in the journal Circulation, found that people who used e-cigarettes were more likely to have a heart attack or stroke than those who did not use them.
The study also

A study comparing the effect of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes on smokers' health is being launched by Dundee University.

Article: Many birds are at risk when they stop to feed, rest or breed en route, say scientists.
They are calling for new reserves around the world to protect migratory species.
Most migratory birds have declined in past decades, from threats such as habitat loss and hunting.
Migrant birds are the endurance fliers of the bird kingdom, making remarkable journeys across land and sea.
The arctic tern, for example, flies the equivalent of the distance to the Moon and back three times in its lifetime.
And the bar-tailed godwit may fly for more than 10,000km (6,000 miles) in a single stint, the longest continuous journey that has ever been recorded for a land bird.
Dr Claire Runge, of the University of Queensland, the lead researcher of the study, said more than half of migratory bird species travelling the world's main flyways had suffered serious population declines in the past 30 years.
"This is due mainly to unequal and ineffective protection across their migratory range and the places they stop to refuel along their routes," she said.
"A typical migratory bird relies on many different geographic locations throughout its annual cycle for food, rest and breeding.
"So even if we protect most of their breeding grounds, it's still not enough - threats somewhere else can affect the entire population."
In the study, published in Science, researchers from Australia, the US and the UK looked at protected areas within the global routes of almost 1,500 types of migratory bird.
They found only 9% of species were fully protected across their range, compared with 45% for bird species that did not migrate.
"Migratory birds have a particular set of conservation needs and we found that these are not being adequately met compared with resident species," Dr Stuart Butchart, of BirdLife International, in Cambridge, told BBC News.
The research found that countries such as France and Venezuela meet targets for protected area coverage for more than 80% of migratory bird species whereas others such as China and India meet targets for less than...

Summary: More than 90% of migratory birds are poorly protected on their marathon journeys around the world, according to research.
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Article: The exchange-traded fund (ETF) is run by celebrated financier and Pimco co-founder Bill Gross, who has been interviewed by US authorities, according to the Wall Street Journal.
The Pimco Total Return ETF has grown rapidly in the past couple of years.
Pimco said the investigation was a "private matter" and that its pricing procedures were "entirely appropriate".
The Californian firm confirmed it had been co-operating with the US regulator, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), but did not elaborate on the nature of the investigation.
The Wall Street Journal reported on Tuesday that the investigation had been going on for months and concerned the manner in which Pimco purchased and valued certain bonds.
The company, widely considered to be the world's biggest bond manager, was set up in 1971, and acquired by insurance giant Allianz in 2000.
Shares in Allianz have fallen slightly following news of the SEC investigation.

Summary: A fund run by investment firm Pimco is being investigated over allegations that managers inflated returns.
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Article: Jerry Nixon, a Microsoft development executive, said in a conference speech this week that Windows 10 would be the "last version" of the dominant desktop software.
His comments were echoed by Microsoft which said it would update Windows in future in an "ongoing manner".
Instead of new stand-alone versions, Windows 10 would be improved in regular instalments, the firm said.
Mr Nixon made his comments during Microsoft's Ignite conference held in Chicago this week.
In a statement, Microsoft said Mr Nixon's comments reflected a change in the way that it made its software.
"Windows will be delivered as a service bringing new innovations and updates in an ongoing manner," it said, adding that it expected there to be a "long future" for Windows.
The company said it had yet to decide on what to call the operating system beyond Windows 10.
"There will be no Windows 11," warned Steve Kleynhans, a research vice-president at analyst firm Gartner who monitors Microsoft.
He said Microsoft had in the past deliberately avoided using the name "Windows 9" and instead chose Windows 10 as a way to signify a break with a past which involved successive stand-alone versions of the operating system.
However, he said, working in that way had created many problems for Microsoft and its customers.
"Every three years or so Microsoft would sit down and create 'the next great OS'," he said.
"The developers would be locked away and out would pop a product based on what the world wanted three years ago."
Microsoft also had to spend a huge amount of money and marketing muscle to convince people that they needed this new version, and that it was better than anything that had come before, he explained.
Moving to a situation in which Windows is a constantly updated service will break out of this cycle, and let Microsoft tinker more with the software to test new features and see how customers like them, he added.
Most of the revenue generated by Windows for Microsoft came from sales of new PCs and this was unlikely to be affected by the change,...

Summary: Windows 10 is going to be the last major revision of the operating system.
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Article: The project will test the effects of both types of cigarette on volunteers' blood vessel function, a key health indicator.
It will recruit 135 adult volunteers who have smoked 15 cigarettes a day for a minimum of two years.
The study is funded by the British Heart Foundation.
Participants will be split into three groups, with one continuing to smoke tobacco cigarettes.
The others will switch to electronic cigarettes containing nicotine plus flavour, or switching to electronic cigarettes containing flavour alone.
Dr Jacob George, from the university's school of medicine, said: "E-cigarettes are sold on the principle that they are a much safer alternative to traditional cigarettes because they don't contain harmful substances like tobacco and tar.
"However, many e-cigarettes contain nicotine, which may be harmful to blood vessels itself.
"We want to see whether the e-cigarettes are better for blood vessel function compared to traditional cigarettes.
"Many people seem to think that this is the case but as yet there is no hard scientific evidence to prove this."
People with a history of cardiovascular disease, women who are pregnant or breast feeding and anyone with a nut allergy cannot take part in the study.
Anyone who is interested in joining the study or finding out more should contact vesuvius@dundee.ac.uk

Summary: