The Conjuring 2 has topped the North American box office chart in its first week of release, breaking a recent slump in success for movie sequels.

Article: Bristol's mayor announced last week that he wants to set up another 20 resident parking zones in the city.
Robert Westlake, Downs Ranger, said: "My concern is that we will get the backwash of the commuter parking as these new schemes come in."
The city council said initial talks had been held about preventing the issue.
Residents' parking zones have already been set up in the Cotham, Redcliffe and Kingsdown areas of the city and a consultation is running for Easton and St Phillips.
A subgroup set up by the Downs Committee is due to report back its concerns with recommendations on 22 April.
The subgroup heard concerns from the Friends of the Downs that the roads crossing the green space will increasingly be used by commuters parking on the unrestricted and free roads.
Mr Westlake said he fears the Downs' roads would "be turned into car parks for commuters".
"We're already seeing an impact. We observe cars that are parked all day now, or people that park and then take out their bicycle and ride off across the Downs," he added.
"The biggest concern, and this was highlighted by the Friends group, is that it restricts access for other people that are coming to visit the Downs.
"We can only see this getting worse, not better."
A spokesperson for Bristol City Council said: "We will be consulting with the Downs Committee about our proposals in due course.
"Initial discussions about the scope for introducing measures to prevent commuters from parking on The Downs have already taken place."
Mayor George Ferguson previously said the subject of parking had become an urgent problem for some residents.
If approved, the additional areas will be introduced from September 2014.

Summary: The Downs in Bristol could become a "commuter car park" if plans to widen the residents' parking scheme go ahead, it has been claimed.
###
Article: Researchers say fungi from the stomachs of these animals produce flexible enzymes that can break down a wide variety of plant materials.
The scientists say that in tests, the fungi performed as well as the best engineered attempts from industry.
The study has been published in the journal, Science.
Environmentalists have long criticised the current generation of biofuels that are produced from crops, such as maize, as they believe that using land for fuel instead of food drives up prices and impacts the poor.
Researchers have had some success making usable fuel from food and animal waste. But, so far, the ability to efficiently use the vast majority of cheap, waste organic material has eluded them.
The problem with turning wood chips and grasses into fuel is the matrix of complex molecules found in the cell walls of these tough materials.
Industrial attempts to break these down into the type of sugars that can be refined for fuel often require preheating or treatment with chemicals, which add to the complexity and the cost.
To solve the problem, researchers have turned to the well-known abilities of goats and sheep to digest almost anything they eat.
Researchers believe this facility is the result of the presence of anaerobic gut fungi, organisms that have existed since the time of the dinosaurs.
To test their ideas, the scientists collected fresh manure from a zoo and a stable and isolated three previously uncharacterised cultures from goats, sheep and horses.
They found that these fungi excrete enzymes that break down a wide range of plant material.
Unlike the best genetically engineered enzymes produced by the biofuel industry to date, they discovered that the sheep and goat fungi produced many hundred more of these proteins.
These were "substantially better" at breaking down a type of material found in wood - and when the researchers changed the diet of the fungi from grass to sugar, they found that the organisms changed the type of enzymes they produced in response.
"Because gut fungi have more tools to...

Summary: The legendary abilities of goats and sheep to digest a wide range of inedible materials could help scientists produce cheaper biofuels.
###
Article: The work could shine a light on long-standing questions about dinosaur physiology, including whether specific species were warm- or cold-blooded.
Chemical analysis revealed similarities between blood cells from fossils and those from living emu.
The work appears in the journal Nature Communications.
Examining part of a fossilised dinosaur claw, the Imperial College London researchers identified tiny ovoid structures with an inner denser core that resembled red blood cells.
And in another fossil fragment, they found fibrous features with a banded structure similar to that seen in modern-day collagen - found in the tendons, skin and ligaments of animals.
It's not the first time such remnants have been found in dinosaur fossils, but co-author Susannah Maidment told BBC News: "All of the previous reports of original components of soft tissues in dinosaur fossils have tended to be in specimens that are really exceptionally preserved - one-offs, really, that require special pleading to explain how they got preserved."
By contrast, the fossils in this study, which have been lying in the London Natural History Museum collections for more than a century, are largely in a poor state of preservation.
"They're very scrappy, individual broken bones. I can't even tell you what dinosaur they come from," said Dr Maidment, who is from Imperial College London.
"If you're finding soft tissues in these kinds of fossils, maybe this kind of preservation might be more common than we realised, and might even be the norm."
The structures appear to be genuine remnants of soft tissue; they are not fossilised.
Using a mass spectrometer, they carried out chemical analysis of the putative collagen protein and the candidate blood cells.
They discovered fragments in the collagen of what look like amino acids - the building blocks of all proteins.
And the chemical profile of the blood cells looked very similar to that obtained from the red blood cells of an emu, which - like all birds - is a direct descendent of dinosaurs.
"There's an...

Summary: Researchers have discovered what appear to be the remnants of red blood cells and connective tissue in 75 million-year-old dinosaur fossils.
###
Article: Lawrence Morgan, 19, fought with police officers, headbutting one of them, after he was apprehended outside a bookmakers in February this year.
Police searched him and found a loaded handgun inside his bag, along with cocaine, crack cocaine and heroin.
Morgan has been jailed for five years and eight months at Birmingham Crown Court after admitting possessing a firearm, ammunition and drugs.
Firearms officers examined the weapon and said it was loaded with four rounds of live ammunition.
He was stopped by police during a routine operation at Newtown Shopping Centre on 16 February, West Midlands Police said.
Morgan had initially tried to cycle away from the scene before he was challenged by plain-clothed officers approaching from the opposite direction.
Morgan, of Crompton Close, Nechells, was restrained after a struggle but tried to escape for a second time and headbutted a sergeant.
In a police interview, he denied the assault and claimed he was acting in self defence after the police used excessive force against him.
A charge of assaulting a police officer will remain on file after he admitted the other more serious offences, the court ruled.
Sgt Martin Kelly, said: "The penalties for carrying a loaded gun are severe and rightly so. Anyone who is caught walking around with such a weapon faces a lengthy spell behind bars, as Lawrence Morgan has now found out."

Summary: A teenager who was found with a loaded gun in Birmingham has been jailed.
###
Article: The horror starring Vera Farmiga and Patrick Wilson as paranormal investigators made $40.4m (£28.5m).
Video game adaptation Warcraft came in second with $24.4m (£17.2m) and crime caper Now You See Me 2 was at three, taking $23m (£16.2m).
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles dropped to four with $14.8m (£10.4m).
Following a spate of poor performing sequels such as The Huntsman: Winter's War, Alice Through the Looking Glass and Ride Along 2, The Conjuring 2 opened nearly on par with its 2013 original.
"There's seemingly been a spell cast over the second instalments and The Conjuring, I think, broke that spell," said Paul Dergarabedian, senior media analyst for Comscore.
"Just the overall quality won over the audience in a genre that's generally looked down upon from a critical perspective.''
Big budget CGI extravaganza Warcraft, taken from the hit video game franchise, reportedly cost $160m (£112.8m) to make, so effectively bombed in the US financially as well as critically.
However, it was a phenomenal success overseas, particularly in China where it made $156m (£110m) in its first five days, surpassing 2015's Avengers: Age of Ultron to set a new record for the biggest debut for a foreign release.
The game is particularly popular there, even spawning a theme park.
The magician crime caper Now You See Me 2, starring Jesse Eisenberg, Mark Ruffalo and Woody Harrelson, followed the disappointing trajectory of most recent sequels, dropping from its 2013 original opening debut of $29.4m (£20.8) to $23m (£16.2m).
The fifth Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles movie, Out of the Shadows, fell to number four in only its second weekend.
The last movie in the franchise grossed nearly double in its opening weekend box office.
Rounding off the top five was X-Men: Apocalypse, taking $10m (£7m) in a troubling third weekend.
Next week sees the release of Pixar's Finding Nemo sequel, Finding Dory.

Summary:


A County Londonderry woman who uses music to "transform the lives of people with disabilities" has been honoured with a BBC Unsung Hero award.

Article: Detlev Guenzel, 56, strangled and dismembered the 59-year-old at a small bed-and-breakfast run by Mr Guenzel in eastern Germany in 2013.
Guenzel was sentenced to eight-and-a-half years in jail.
Prosecutors could not confirm that he had actually eaten the victim, but some body parts were never found.
Lawyers representing the family of the murdered man - 59-year-old Polish-born Wojciech Stempniewicz - sought a 15-year sentence for Guenzel, the father of three adult children described by neighbours as affable, warm hearted and courteous.
Guenzel went on trial in August for killing Stempniewicz at his home, a bed-and-breakfast inn in the town of Hartmannsdorf-Reichenau in the Erz mountains near the border with the Czech Republic.
He was accused of cutting the body into small pieces and burying them in his garden, making a macabre home video in the process.
The pair met in October 2013 on a website for slaughter and cannibalism fantasies which described itself as the "#1 site for exotic meat" with more than 3,000 registered members, correspondents say.
Guenzel, who had served in the police for 30 years, retracted a confession he initially made to detectives soon after Stempniewicz's killing in which he said that he had cut his throat.
The defence argued that Stempniewicz had a death wish and had already hanged himself in Guenzel's cellar "S&M studio" before he took a knife, then an electric saw, to the gagged-and-bound man.
Investigators have been unable to determine the cause of death definitively because of the poor condition of the corpse.
They have, however, been able to ascertain that the pair had extensive contact online and by telephone before finally arranging their date on 4 November 2013.
The video Guenzel made was played during the trial, at one point showing him covered in blood while mutilating the corpse. "I never thought I would sink so low," he can be heard murmuring.
The defendant is reported to have broken down when the footage was shown, telling presiding judge Birgit Wiegand that he had made a...

Summary: A former German policeman has been convicted of murdering a businessman he met on a website for cannibalism fetishists.
###
Article: Researchers from Oxford University, working in Brazil, found ancient "nut-cracking tools" - 700-year-old stone hammers that capuchin monkeys used to open cashew nuts.
This is the earliest evidence yet of monkey tool use outside Africa.
The findings are published in the journal Current Biology.
One of the Oxford team, primatologist Dr Lydia Luncz, said the find was a "window back into the past".
"Our efforts to look back into the past have been very human-focused," she told BBC News. "So we don't know much about how tool use has evolved in these [other primate] species."
As observations first revealed about a decade ago, capuchin monkeys use stone hammers and anvils to break into the cashew nuts - placing a cashew on a large stone anvil and hitting with a hammer.
The monkeys, Dr Luncz explained, bring these stones to the cashew nut trees. And that behaviour enabled the archaeologists to work out where they should dig for ancient tools.
The liquid inside the nutshell, Dr Luncz explained, discolours the outside of the stone, allowing the researchers to identify the stone tools, and even to test them chemically to confirm what they were used for.
One question the discovery may prompt is whether early human behaviour was influenced by observations of monkeys using stones as tools.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter from the University of St Andrews, who studies primate social behaviour, said that both the tool use findings and the new field of primate archaeology were "fascinating".
"These days if we find a 'new' tool we really shouldn't assume that it was made by humans or our homo ancestors anymore," she told BBC News.
"Either you don't have to be smart to make a tool, or we've been underestimating other species by a long way."
According to this new evidence, the capuchins were using stone tools before European settlers arrived in the New World. But Dr Michael Haslam of the University of Oxford, who led the study, said there was much more to find.
"We definitely don't think we have the oldest activity," he told BBC News.
"We...

Summary: Primate archaeology is a new and unusual-sounding field, but it has revealed ancient evidence of some clever and dextrous monkey culture.
###
Article: L/Cpl Craig Roberts, 24, died during a Brecon Beacons march on one of the hottest days of the year in July 2013.
L/Cpl Edward Maher and Cpl James Dunsby also died after collapsing while attempting the same exercise.
On Friday, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) also admitted its searching of bins at the inquest was "unacceptable".
Louise Hunt, senior coroner for Birmingham, has been hearing evidence relating to the deaths of the three soldiers, in Solihull, West Midlands, since 1 June.
An officer in charge of the SAS reservist selection process on 13 July said he had not spotted L/Cpl Maher was no longer moving for at least 44 minutes.
This was because he had not "hovered the mouse (cursor)" over the reservist's GPS tracker, while monitoring participants' movements on a computer.
Doing so would have presented detailed information on his route times and distance travelled, he told the inquest.
The coroner said: "It is quite difficult for me to understand how you wouldn't notice.
"When Edward was found, there were signs that he was already developing rigor mortis."
The officer replied: "At the time, I hadn't noticed that that tracker was static."
Earlier on Friday, David Turner QC - representing Cpl Dunsby's widow, Bryher Dunsby - said her confidence in the legal process had been "severely shaken" by revelations about the MoD's conduct during the hearing.
"The MoD has been going through confidential waste bins in the building," he said.
Mr Turner said Cpl Dunsby's family were "extremely upset" by the MoD's actions.
Jonathan Hall QC, for the MoD, accepted his clients had sifted through waste bins and agreed it was "unacceptable".
"It had to do with the security arrangement - we're dealing with documents at a very high classification... it was in order to secure those documents... but it was done in a way that was not correct.
"I do want to reassure you publicly that this was not a sinister development," he told the coroner.
The coroner said there may have been no sinister intent, but the practice could affect...

Summary: One of the three soldiers who died during an SAS reservist selection hike had rigor mortis by the time he was found, an inquest has heard.
###
Article: Officials say in 2016 there were around 240 incidents of verbal and physical abuse, compared to 180 the year before.
One examiner was told to "start running... because I'm going to mow you down" when he failed a driver.
Two-thirds of all attacks on agency staff in Britain, including roadside enforcement, were against examiners.
A trial of body cameras for some front-line staff could be extended to include driving examiners in future.
The cameras are currently being used by officials testing commercial vehicles at roadsides or authorised centres.
The DVSA said test examiners also faced death threats while a lorry driver tried to run enforcement cars off the road.
In March, a learner from West Yorkshire was asked to stop the car after making a number of serious errors.
The candidate swore at the examiner and drove "wildly" across a dual carriageway forcing the assessor to use their dual controls to stop the car.
Another driver made a false claim against one of the DVSA's traffic officers, the agency says it was one instance of the bullying they receive.
Source: DVSA
DVSA Chief Executive, Gareth Llewellyn, said: "I am immensely proud of my colleagues at DVSA, all of whom work incredibly hard to help you stay safe on Britain's roads. We do not tolerate anyone abusing, threatening or assaulting them.
"Our message is clear - whatever has happened, don't take it out on our staff. If you do, we'll press for the strongest possible penalties."
The agency has also promised to refer all threats and assaults to the police and to make any candidate, who is being abusive, take their next test at a different location.
The DVSA said in some extremely rare cases, driving instructors have tried to change the outcome of the test by harassing or threatening examiners. They face being taken off of the approved driving instructor register.

Summary: Driving examiners are increasingly being threatened and sworn at by candidates who fail their tests, the Driving Vehicle Standards Agency says.
###
Article: The announcement was made on Friday by Alex Jones and Chris Evans on BBC One's The One Show.
Denise White from Eglinton village is the founder of Something Special, a musical and creative arts group that educates almost 100 students with learning disabilities.
In a tribute video, her students described her as an "inspiration".
"Denise has helped my confidence, she's got us out singing," said Sorcha Friel.
"There are some students in here that have nothing else, coming in here makes their week, without Something Special they would have nothing to do."
Ms White is one five recipients of BBC Music Day's Unsung Hero award.
"I could see that music worked some kind of magic with young people and that it could really change things for them," she said.
The Unsung Hero award was launched as part of this year's BBC Music Day on Friday 5 June.
It is a nationwide celebration of music, aiming to bring people together across generations and communities.
The day will be reflected across BBC television and radio programmes with numerous events and concerts taking place in towns and cities in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
BBC Music Day events in Northern Ireland include performances from Sir James Galway, Andrea Begley, Villagers, The Priests, The Ulster Orchestra and the Belfast Community Gospel Choir.

Summary:

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Western Sahara is a sparsely-populated area of mostly desert situated on the northwest coast of Africa.

Article: Police say Darius McCollum, 50, stole the coach from the nation's busiest bus terminal, New York Port Authority, on Wednesday.
He was found with the vehicle two hours after it was scheduled to leave.
Among his previous crimes was the theft of a bus full of passengers at Penn Station, driving it to Kennedy airport.
He grew up in Queens and spent a lot of time at the terminus of the F train, where his fascination with the trains brought him to the attention of workers there who took him under their wing.
By the age of eight, he could reportedly recall the names of every station on the New York subway system.
His train and bus troubles began in 1981, when the then-teenager took control of an underground train and drove it for six stops.
Over the years, he has also been arrested for trespassing at a subway control tower, attempting to commandeer a suburban train and stealing a coach bus, according to local media.
In 2008, Mr McCollum told the Associated Press news agency he planned to get in touch with a charity to help him find a therapist.
Five years later, he said: "It was a rough process but I finally made it.
"I can't afford to get arrested again, I can't deal with the jail thing - it's too much, the gang mentality."

Summary: A man who has been arrested nearly 30 times for bus or train theft has been stopped again for allegedly trying to steal a Greyhound bus.
###
Article: Shadow defence secretary Maria Eagle said the words were "not helpful", while shadow foreign secretary Hilary Benn said Mr Corbyn should abide by the party's decision on renewing Trident.
Mr Corbyn said nuclear weapons "didn't do the USA much good on 9/11".
He added that he was elected leader on a platform opposing Trident renewal.
Prime Minister David Cameron said Mr Corbyn's comments showed Labour could not be trusted with Britain's national security.
Following the shadow cabinet criticism of his comments, Mr Corbyn was asked by the BBC's John Pienaar what the point of the Labour defence policy debate and review was.
He said: "The point of a policy debate is to try and bring people with me."
In his conference address on Tuesday, Mr Corbyn said his landslide leadership win gave a "mandate" for his views on disarmament of Britain's nuclear weapons.
On Wednesday's BBC Radio 4 Today programme he said: "I am opposed to the use of nuclear weapons. I am opposed to the holding of nuclear weapons. I want to see a nuclear-free world. I believe it is possible.
"I do not think we should be renewing Trident... I think we should be promoting an international nuclear weapons convention which would lead to a nuclear-free world."
It did not take a debate, within Labour or the House of Commons. A few words on the Today programme did the trick.
Should he get to Number 10, he said simply, he would not press the nuclear button.
Think of it this way: Corbyn declared to Britain's potential enemies that with him in charge they could disregard a multi-billion pound weapon system.
Or, perhaps, put it like this: a man with a lifetime commitment to scrapping Britain's deterrent promised not to kill untold thousands of innocent people if he had the opportunity.
Many politicians choose not to be so frank.
Read more from Ross
A guide to Trident and the debate about its replacement
Is there such a thing as a nuclear button?
How important is Trident to the UK's security and international standing?
Spending "Â£100bn" on replacing Trident...

Summary: Jeremy Corbyn has faced criticism from senior Labour colleagues for saying he would not fire Britain's nuclear weapons if he were prime minister.
###
Article: Researchers trying to raise awareness of the issue claim that the spreadsheet software automatically converts the names of certain genes into dates.
Gene symbols like SEPT2 (Septin 2) were found to be altered to "September 2".
However, Microsoft, which released the first version of Excel in 1985, said the gene renaming errors can be overcome if users make alterations in the application settings.
"Excel is able to display data and text in many different ways. Default settings are intended to work in most day-to-day scenarios," a spokeswoman for the corporation told the BBC.
"Excel offers a wide range of options, which customers with specific needs can use to change the way their data is represented."
The study also claimed that the Excel conversion problem was present in other spreadsheet software, such as Apache OpenOffice Calc.
The systemic error was not, however, present in Google Sheets.
The researchers claimed the problem is present in "approximately one-fifth of papers" that collated data in Excel documents.
The trio, writing for the Melbourne-based academic institute Baker IDI, scanned 3,597 published scientific papers to conduct their study.
They found 704 of those papers contained gene name errors created by Excel.
Ewan Birney, director of the European Bioinformatics Institute, does not blame Excel and told the BBC: "What frustrates me is researchers are relying on Excel spreadsheets for clinical trials."
The Excel gene renaming issue has been known among the scientific community for more than a decade, Birney added.
He recommended that the program should only be considered for "lightweight scientific analysis".
One of the paper's three researchers, Assam El-Osta, said the errors were found specifically on the supplemental data sheets of academic studies.
He told the BBC that supplemental pages contained "important supporting data, rich with information," and added that resolving these errors was "time-consuming".
Excel's automatic renaming of certain genes was first cited by the scientific community...

Summary: Microsoft's Excel has been blamed for errors in academic papers on genomics.
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Article: In a speech in Germany, he said people felt they did not "have a say" over decision-making in Brussels.
Unless the system changed it would become "democratically unsustainable", he added.
The comments come as eurozone countries attempt to integrate their banking systems to prevent further crises.
These will not directly affect the UK, where the Bank of England will retain control over banks, but Prime Minister David Cameron promised on Monday to defend national interests.
He recently told MPs that a referendum would be the "simplest" solution if the UK's relationship with the EU changes substantially.
In a speech at Berlin's Korber Foundation, Mr Hague said: "This coalition government is committed to Britain playing a leading role in the EU but I must also be frank - public disillusionment with the EU in Britain is the deepest it has ever been.
"People feel that in too many ways the EU is something that is done to them, not something over which they have a say."
Mr Hague criticised the previous Labour government's decision to agree to the Lisbon Treaty without holding a referendum.
He said: "The way in Britain Lisbon was ratified without any consultation of the voters has played a part in that.
"People feel that the EU is a one-way process, a great machine that sucks up decision-making from national parliaments to the European level until everything is decided by the EU. That needs to change.
"If we cannot show that decision-making can flow back to national parliaments then the system will become democratically unsustainable.
"It is obviously in Britain's interests for the EU to succeed in the tasks I have described and for Britain to play a leading role in it.
"The eurozone countries must do what they must to resolve the crisis, but the way forward for the EU as a whole is not more centralisation and uniformity but of flexibility and variable geometry, that allows differing degrees of integration in different areas, done in ways that do not disadvantage those that do not wish to participate in everything,...

Summary: The British public's disillusionment with the European Union is "the deepest it has ever been", Foreign Secretary William Hague has warned.
###
Article: A former Spanish colony, it was annexed by Morocco in 1975. Since then it has been the subject of a long-running territorial dispute between Morocco and its indigenous Saharawi people, led by the Polisario Front.
A 16-year-long insurgency ended with a UN-brokered truce in 1991 and the promise of a referendum on independence which has yet to take place.
Although under the de facto administrative control of Morocco, the status and sovereignty of Western Sahara remain unresolved and numerous direct talks have failed to break the political deadlock.
The Saharan Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), declared by the Polisario Front in 1976, is now recognised by many governments and is a full member of the African Union.
Home to phosphate reserves and rich fishing grounds off its coast, Western Sahara is also believed to have as yet untapped offshore oil deposits.
Population 567,000
Main town  Laayoune
Area 252,120 sq km (97,344 sq miles)
Main language Arabic
Main religion Islam
Life expectancy 66 years (men), 70 years (women)
President of the Saharan Arab Democratic Republic: Brahim Ghali
The Polisario Front proclaimed the Saharan Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) in 1976, with a government in exile in Algeria.
Brahim Ghali was elected leader of the Polisario Front and president of the Saharan Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) in July 2016 following the death of long-term president Mohamed Abdelaziz Ezzedine.
A seasoned military leader, described both as a "hard-line supporter" and "historic figure", he was one of Polisario's founding members in 1973 and led the first raids against the occupying Spanish forces that sparked the armed struggle for Western Saharan independence.
In 2008 he left his post as ambassador to Spain with unresolved charges against him alleging inhumane treatment and the torture of Saharan prisoners, and became the ambassador to Algeria.
Morocco's state broadcaster RTM operates radio and TV services from Laayoune.
On the other side of the political divide, a Polisario-backed mediumwave (AM) radio...

Summary:


Two of Wales' four police forces have been told they must improve how they keep people safe and reduce crime.

Article: Mr De Klerk said South Africa's white Afrikaner population had many reasons to dislike Rhodes but "never thought of removing his name from our history".
Campaigners say the statue venerates the 19th Century colonialist and the values he stood for.
Former Australian PM Tony Abbott has also said the statue should stay.
Mr Abbott, a Rhodes Scholar, said removing the statue would "substitute moral vanity for fair-minded enquiry".
Read more: When is it right to remove a statue?
Upon his death, Cecil Rhodes, who attended Oriel College, left a legacy which has funded the university's prestigious Rhodes Scholarships - postgraduate awards for non-British students.
Mr De Klerk, in a letter to the Times newspaper, said that "for better or worse", Rhodes had made an impact on history, which included the positive contribution of his scholarship scheme.
"If the political correctness of today were applied consistently, very few of Oxford's great figures would pass scrutiny," he said.
He pointed out that Rhodes had been "the architect of the Anglo-Boer War that had a disastrous impact on our people, yet the National Party government never thought of removing his name from our history".
Mr De Klerk also criticised Oriel College's decision to consult on the future of the statue, and remove a plaque honouring Rhodes.
The college, he said, should be "a little more gracious in its treatment of its most generous benefactor" and suggested if his legacy was so "reprehensible" then it should consider returning Rhodes' bequest to the victims of British imperialism in South Africa, the Times reports.
The #RhodesMustFall movement began in South Africa, where students succeeded in having a statue of Rhodes removed from the University of Cape Town.
Students involved in the movement argue that Rhodes' involvement in land seizures in 19th Century Africa make him unworthy of commemoration.
More than 2,300 people have signed a petition calling for the removal of the statue from Oriel College.
The movement includes amongst its members several...

Summary: Former South African President FW De Klerk has criticised a campaign to remove a statue of Cecil Rhodes at Oxford University's Oriel College.
###
Article: Killers Jeremy Bamber, Peter Moore and Douglas Vinter had asked the court to rule on whole life sentences.
The murderers said condemning them to die in prison amounts to "inhuman or degrading treatment". They argued all sentences should be regularly reviewed.
The Ministry of Justice said the government welcomed this decision.
Bamber was jailed for shooting five members of his family dead in Essex in 1986.
He has always protested his innocence, claiming his schizophrenic sister shot the victims before turning the gun on herself at their farmhouse at Tolleshunt D'Arcy.
Peter Moore, from Kinmel Bay in Conwy county, was convicted of murdering four men for his sexual gratification and Douglas Vinter, of Normanby, Teesside, killed both his wife and a work colleague.
The trio's legal team had argued that any sentence under which the offender's rehabilitation cannot lead to a review of release breaches articles three, five and seven of the European Convention on Human Rights.
The men lost their appeal to the court that whole life tariffs condemning prisoners to die in jail amounted to "inhuman or degrading treatment".
The judges ruled that the whole life tariff is not "grossly disproportionate" and in each case London's High Court had "decided that an all-life tariff was required, relatively recently and following a fair and detailed consideration".
Lawyers representing Vinter plan to appeal against the ruling on his case.
In a statement released by his supporters, Bamber said: "If the state wishes to have a death penalty, then they should be honest and re-introduce hanging.
"Instead, this political decision that I must die in jail is the death penalty using old age or infirmity as the method.
"It is a method whereby I'm locked in a cell until I'm dead - no matter if it should take 70 or 80 years to happen. I shall be dead the next time I leave jail."
'Quite extraordinary'
Bamber said both the trial judge and the Lord Chief Justice set his minimum tariff as 25 years.
"Quite why the home secretary felt that I should...

Summary: Britain's most dangerous criminals can be kept behind bars for the rest of their lives, judges at the European Court of Human Rights have ruled.
###
Article: But in Hong Kong, students at the Academy for Performing Arts have turned an otherwise staid event into potent political theatre.
Dressed in black caps and purple gowns, about a quarter of the graduating students - who study music, dance, drama, film and television - took the opportunity last week to send a clear message of discontent to Leung Chun-ying, Hong Kong's top leader, who was on stage officiating.
One student showed him her middle finger.
Another got down on her knees asking him to resign.
Yet another graduate bent over to show Mr Leung his backside, though he did keep his trousers on.
A group of students then held up placards spelling out demands for universal suffrage, which has been promised but not granted to the seven million residents of this former British colony.
Tam Lok Hang, 22, did not join the group protest, but he gave Mr Leung a thumbs-down sign to loud applause when he walked onstage.
He told BBC News he had shouted: "689 step down! I want universal suffrage."
'689' has become a pejorative nickname for the chief executive, who is commonly known as CY.
It refers to the number of votes Mr Leung received last year from an elite committee of electors largely loyal to Beijing.
That he was elected by a small group, and not by eligible Hong Kong voters, has angered many residents, tens of thousands of whom took to the streets earlier this week on the 16th anniversary of the city's handover to China.
They marched for hours in the rain to protest against Mr Leung's government and the lack of direct voting rights here.
The most commonly heard refrain was: "CY step down!"
The size of the pro-democracy, anti-CY rally, which drew even more people than last year, was consistent with results from the most recent survey from the University of Hong Kong's Public Opinion Programme.
One year into Mr Leung's administration, the survey showed his popularity rating at an all-time low.
Anson Chan, a former head of the city's civil service, has been scathing in her criticism of the chief executive.
"He needs...

Summary: Graduation ceremonies tend to be predictable rites of passage for students the world over.
###
Article: The mathematical model offered "an initial idea" of what a particular level of surveillance could achieve.
The work comes at a time when the number of invasive pathogens, including those affecting crops, is on the rise as a result of global trade and travel.
The findings appear in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
"Surveillance efforts have been getting increasing attention because early detection is crucial in order to control these epidemics," explained co-author Stephen Parnell from the University of Salford, UK.
"If you want to have a chance of controlling them or getting rid of them then you really have to catch them at a very early stage."
One example of an invasive pathogen threatening an important food crop is the arrival of a virulent bacterium in southern Italy.
A report by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in January observed that the pathogen, Xylella fastidiosa, was responsible for a "rapid decline" in affected olive plantations.
"Major consequences", such as reduced yields and costly control measures, would be the outcome if it spread to other olive-producing regions in the EU, it added.
In July, France reported an outbreak on the Mediterranean island of Corisca. The European Commission described the pathogen as one of the biggest threats to plants around the globe.
Detection probability
Dr Parnell told BBC News: "Surveillance is a very expensive process so if you are doing surveillance following an invasive epidemic then you want to know what the probability is of detecting the epidemic at a low prevalence.
"This was an epidemic modelling approach where we could - given the amount of surveillance that was being done, and information about how quickly an epidemic spreads once it invades - we were able to tell you at what incidence you would be likely to detect it.
"If you have that information then the idea is that you could adjust your surveillance effort if you need to detect it at an earlier stage."
He added that there was currently very little information about how well...

Summary: Researchers have developed a way to help determine the level of surveillance required to detect the arrival of costly invasive diseases.
###
Article: Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC) said the Dyfed-Powys and north Wales forces "required improvement".
South Wales and Gwent police forces were ranked "good".
The reviews are part of HMIC's annual inspection of England and Wales' 43 forces.
Police and crime commissioner Christopher Salmon said: "We have more officers investigating the most serious crimes and my Help Hub has increased support for victims.
"There is always more to do but I am confident that Dyfed-Powys is effective and keeping people safe and reducing crime."
Police and crime commissioner Winston Roddick said: "Over five years North Wales saw a 17.4% cut in crime which is better than the England and Wales average reduction of 12.6%.
"The chief constable accepts, as I do, there is always room for improvement and together we must make sure that the improvements recommended by HMIC are carried out as soon as possible."
Police and crime commissioner Ian Johnston said: "It is pleasing to hear that all of that hard work has been recognised by HMIC and that the force has been found to be effective at protecting from harm those who are most vulnerable.
"This report is very good news and the challenge now is to build further still on the findings of the inspectors."
Alun Michael, police and crime commissioner, said: "This report recognises that the priorities set by the chief constable and myself reflect a strong commitment to prevent crime, to support victims and to work in partnership.
"This is set out in our latest Police and Crime Reduction Plan, published last month, which had a strong focus on early intervention and prompt, positive action as well as effective partnership working."

Summary:


Tributes have been paid to a forensic archaeologist who led the searches for the Disappeared - people murdered and secretly buried by republicans during the Troubles in Northern Ireland.

Article: It was as recently as September 2007 that Rick Rubin, then co-head of Columbia Records, put forward the idea as a way of combating online music piracy and file-sharing.
"You'd pay, say, $19.95 a month, and the music will come from anywhere you'd like," he told the New York Times.
"In this new world, there will be a virtual library that will be accessible from your car, from your cell phone, from your computer, from your television."
As it turned out, he was essentially describing Spotify, which launched just over a year later.
He even got the price right. In those heady days, when the pound was a lot stronger, $19.95 was equivalent to Â£10, which, give or take a penny, is the monthly cost of Spotify Premium in the UK today.
But Spotify is yet to make a profit, while plans to float the firm on the stock market have reportedly been delayed, raising a big question mark over its business model.
Of course, Spotify isn't the only streaming platform out there. Others have joined it over the past decade, including Apple Music, Amazon Prime Music and Deezer, as well as high-resolution music services Tidal and Qobuz.
But Spotify is seen as the leader, with more than 100 million users, 40 million of them paid-up subscribers to its Premium tier.
The Swedish firm is now a major player in 60 countries, including the world's biggest music market, the US, where streaming accounted for 51% of music consumption last year.
Reflecting the huge impact that Spotify has had, its chief executive, Daniel Ek, has just topped US music industry magazine Billboard's latest Power 100 list of the biggest movers and shakers in the business.
"For the first time since [former file-sharing service] Napster decimated music sales, the recorded music industry is showing signs of growth, and that reversal of fortune is largely due to one man," Billboard said in its citation.
The magazine also hailed Spotify as "the place fans discover music as well as consume it", pointing to its promoted playlists, including its Discover Weekly service.
However,...

Summary: It's amazing to think that just 10 years ago, flat-rate digital music streaming services were a mere gleam in the eye of industry executives.
###
Article: Strikes started on Wednesday evening, after last-minute talks with the Rail, Maritime and Transport union broke down, and ended at 18:30 BST on Friday.
The dispute was over plans to scrap guards and buffet car services on FGW's new Hitachi Inter City Express trains.
Reduced services were in place during the walkout.

Summary: Rail passengers in south Wales should see services return to normal after a 48-hour First Great Western (FGW) strike ended.
###
Article: Pew Research Center found that 71% of Americans identified as Christian in 2014 - down from 78% in 2007.
In the same period, Americans identifying as having no religion grew from 16% to 23%.
Fifty-six million Americans do not observe any religion, the second largest community after Evangelicals.
The United States still remains home to more Christians than any other nation, with roughly seven-in-ten continuing to identify with some branch of Christianity.
In 2007 and then again in 2014, Pew conducted the "Religious Landscape Study", interviewing 35,000 people each time.
Pew researchers say the losses they discovered were driven mainly by a decrease among liberal Protestants and Catholics and occurred in all regions of the US and among all ages and demographics.
About 5 million less Americans now identify as Christian compared to when the study was conducted in 2007.
In the South, those not-affiliated with religion - or as the researchers call them, "nones" - rose to 19% of the population, while in the Northeast they climbed to 25%.
In the West "nones" are a larger group than any religion, making up 28% of the public.
Greg Smith, Pew's associate research director, said the findings "point to substantive changes" among the religiously unaffiliated, not just a shift in how people describe themselves.
Non-religious Americans have become increasingly organised since 2007, forming political groups designed to keep religion out of public life.
Kelly Damerow with the Secular Coalition for America tells BBC News that the Pew findings "lend credence to the growth we've witnessed within our community and that we have the potential to hold a lot of political clout".
Americans who identify as Christian: 70.6%
Protestant faiths: 46.5%
Evangelical: 25.4%
Catholic: 20.8%
Mainline or liberal: 14.7%
Mormon: 1.6%
Jehovah's Witness: 0.8%
Identify as Other Christians: 0.4%
Source: Pew Research Center

Summary: The number of Americans who identify as Christian has fallen nearly eight percentage points in only seven years, according to a new survey.
###
Article: The Labour, Plaid Cymru, Conservative and Liberal Democrat leaders say a vote the month after May's assembly election could confuse voters.
They say a later referendum would give both polls the "respect" they need.
The leaders say a June referendum would also affect election campaigning in London, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
There has been speculation David Cameron intends holding the referendum on 23 June, depending on the outcome of an EU summit in February.
On Monday, the Welsh government said the EU vote should be "sufficiently distant" from the assembly election.
In the letter, published on Wednesday, Labour's Carwyn Jones, Tory Andrew RT Davies, Plaid's Leanne Wood and Lib Dem Kirsty Williams say: "A June referendum date would mean that the campaigning period for the referendum would overlap with the campaigning for the May elections to our national assembly.
"The simultaneous existence of multiple party political campaigns and EU referendum campaigns would in itself pose practical and logistical difficulties, but the greater problem that we anticipate is the potential for confusion as a diverse range of issues is presented to the electorate.
"This is not just a matter of respecting the integrity of the Welsh electoral debate, but of affording the EU referendum campaign the respect it deserves."
Scottish First Minister Nicola Sturgeon has also warned it would be "a mistake" to have the referendum so soon after the devolved elections.
Mr Cameron has pledged to hold the referendum by the end of 2017.

Summary: All four party leaders in the assembly have written to the prime minister objecting to the idea of holding the EU referendum in June.
###
Article: John McIlwaine, grew up in Portadown, County Armagh, but worked at the University of Bradford.
He died at the age of 49 on Tuesday night.
He was in charge of the team that recovered the remains of Danny McIlhone in 2008 and Charlie Armstrong in 2010.
Mr Armstrong's daughter Anna McShane recognised his dedication.
"I remember him as an awfully nice man who was so good to our family. He worked tirelessly in the most dreadful conditions to find my father," she said.
"May he rest in peace."
Mr McIlwaine had previously described it as a "privilege" to lead searches for the Disappeared and said their success had far outstripped predictions at the start of the process.
Geoff Knupfer, the chief forensic scientist and investigator with the Independent Commission for the Location of Victims' Remains (ICLVR), said: "John began work with the ICLVR in 2006 and with his great knowledge and experience made a huge contribution to our work.
"Searching for the Disappeared in bleak and inhospitable places requires a special kind of dedication and commitment as well as great skill and that is what John had in abundance."
Seventeen people - 16 men and a woman - were abducted and murdered by republicans between 1972 and 2003.
The ICLVR was established in 1999 to obtain information in strictest confidence that may lead to the location of the remains of the Disappeared.
The bodies of 10 people have been recovered.
Sandra Peake, from the Wave Trauma Centre, which has supported the families of the Disappeared since 1995, said: "John had a way of humanising the science which helped families understand more clearly what was being done to find their loved ones.
"There was a bond between John and the families and that is reflected today in the number of them who have contacted Wave to express their shock and sorrow."
A spokesman for the University of Bradford said staff and students had been left shocked by the tragedy.
"John was an incredibly motivated, loyal and reliable individual," he said.
"He inspired and supported hundreds of...

Summary:


An established number of people are choosing to sleep rough as a "lifestyle choice", a council report has claimed.

Article: The authors warned a loss of diversity meant more people were dependent on key crops, leaving them more exposed to harvest failures.
Higher consumption of energy-dense crops could also contribute to a global rise in heart disease and diabetes, they added.
The study appears in the journal PNAS.
"Over the past 50 years, we are seeing that diets around the world are changing and they are becoming more similar - what we call the 'globalised diet'," co-author Colin Khoury, a scientist from the Colombia-based International Center for Tropical Agriculture, said.
"This diet is composed of big, major crops such as wheat, rice, potatoes and sugar.
"It also includes crops that were not important 50 years ago but have become very important now, particularly oil crops like soybean," he told BBC News.
While wheat has long been a staple crop, it is now a key food in more than 97% of countries listed in UN data, the study showed.
And from relative obscurity, soybean had become "significant" in the diets of almost three-quarters of nations.
He added that while these food crops played a major role in tackling global hunger, the decline in crop diversity in the globalised diet limited the ability to supplement the energy-dense part of the diet with nutrient-rich foods.
Amid the crops recording a decline in recent decades were millets, rye, yams, sweet potatoes and cassava.
The study by an international team of scientists also found that the homogenisation of the global diet could be helping accelerate the rise in non-communicable diseases - such as diabetes and heart disease - which are becoming an increasing problem worldwide.
Crop failure fears
Co-author Luigi Guarino, of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, added: "Another danger of a more homogeneous global food basket is that it makes agriculture more vulnerable to major threats like drought, insect pests and diseases, which are likely to become worse in many parts of the world as a result of climate change.
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is designed to protect the genetic...

Summary: Fewer crop species are feeding the world than 50 years ago - raising concerns about the resilience of the global food system, a study has shown.
###
Article: In 2011, 431 cases did not respond to antibiotic treatment compared to 342 in 2010, the HPA said. About 550 more cases of TB were disgnosed in 2011.
The agency said it was disappointed by the increase which "remains a concern".
TB is a bacterial infection that mainly affects the lungs but can be found elsewhere in the body.
Overall, just under 9,000 new cases of TB were recorded by the HPA in 2011, up from about 8,400 in 2010.
Professor Ibrahim Abubakar, head of TB surveillance at the HPA, said he was pleased that the number of overall cases year-on-year remains stable at between 8,500 and 9,000.
But he said: "The increase in drug-resistant cases remains a concern and a challenge to our efforts to control TB in the UK."
He added that the infection "continues to disproportionately affect those in hard to reach and vulnerable groups" such as foreign migrants.
Prof Abubakar urged health commissioners in the worst affected areas to prioritise the delivery of services and treatment.
TB can be spread when someone with the infection coughs, sneezes or talks and another person breathes in the bacteria. However, prolonged contact is usually needed for infection to occur.
Typical symptoms include a persistent cough, night sweats for weeks or months, weight loss, fatigue, high temperature and shortness of breath.

Summary: Cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in the UK have risen by over a quarter in the last year, the Health Protection Agency (HPA) has revealed.
###
Article: Up to 21 redundancies are expected at Edrington, the maker of The Macallan and The Famous Grouse.
A total of 90 jobs are being moved from Perth and more than 50 roles will move from the distillery and office in the west of Glasgow.
The new headquarters office has not been chosen yet, and the move is planned for early next year.
Edrington's existing site near Drumchapel is currently the base for its executive team.
When the new headquarters is set up, almost 200 people will be left working on productions and operations at the existing Glasgow site.
Eight jobs will be lost from the Drumchapel base while 13 redundancies are expected at the Perth office in West Kinfauns.
The move will bring onto one site the executive board, finance, legal, corporate affairs, human resources, management of global operations, and some information technology.
The company's other six sites across Scotland will not be affected while it continues to build a new distillery and visitor centre for The Macallan on Speyside.
Edrington's main whisky brands are Famous Grouse, Cutty Sark, The Macallan, Highland Park as well as Snow Leopard vodka and Brugal rum, made in the Dominican Republic.
The firm employs 3,000 people, 70% of them overseas, many with distribution operations and joint ventures.
The distiller was founded in Glasgow in 1861 by William Robertson and John Baxter. It is now the largest Scotland-based whisky distiller.
As a private, independent company, its profits go to the Robertson Trust, set up in 1961 by descendants of William Robertson.
The trust distributes them to Scottish charities, last year handing out more than £16m in 571 donations.
Chief executive Ian Curle said:  "This development will not only secure our position as one of Scotland's leading businesses, but also help us to continue investing in our premium brands at home and abroad, which in turn contributes to the on-going success of Scotch whisky, Scottish exports and the Scottish economy."

Summary: A major Scotch whisky distiller is to close its Perth office and move to a new Glasgow headquarters.
###
Article: Sequencing fragments of DNA from water 1km (0.6 miles) below the surface can determine the type and quantity of fish present, say Danish scientists.
The DNA-based technique could be used for monitoring fish sustainably without having to catch them.
Fish populations are under pressure from over-fishing, pollution and climate change.
Dr Philip Francis Thomsen, of the University of Copenhagen, said the environmental DNA (eDNA) approach was "very universal", giving information on many fish, including flatfish, sharks and rays, and deep-sea species.
"We are basically doing equivalent to CSI [crime scene investigation] work for a biologist," he told BBC News.
"Investigating the biodiversity of the ocean by using environmental DNA as a proxy for what is actually living there."
Fish leave tiny bits of DNA in the water during their lives.
The genetic material is invisible to the naked eye, but can be extracted and sequenced, yielding a "DNA fingerprint of the ocean".
In the study, samples of seawater were taken by scientists during deepwater trawling off Greenland for research purposes.
All but two of 28 different types of fish captured had left traces of their DNA in seawater.
Another three were identified through their DNA alone. These included rare deep-sea species such as the angler fish.
The scientists then looked at two commercial fish species - the Greenland halibut and the redfish - in more detail.
They made a heat map of where most of the fish DNA was found.
And this map fitted "quite well" with the amount of fish actually caught.
"This is the first evidence that there is a quantitative relation," said Dr Thomsen.
"We could say that the biomass catch is actually reflected in the amount of DNA in the water samples.
"But if we can fine tune this method, we might be able to use this as a supplement to estimating stock sizes and potentially to more sustainable fishing."
Dr Thomsen sees two other practical applications for the approach:
The research is published in the journal, Plos One.
Follow Helen on Twitter.

Summary: Sampling DNA from seawater may be one way to check up on fish and other marine life, according to research.
###
Article: An investigation by Northampton Borough Council discovered 21 homeless people in the town, including "a significant proportion of European migrants".
The people were "resolutely refusing to leave the streets", the report said.
Council officials held talks with 30 organisations to develop a plan to eliminate rough sleeping by June 2017.
Lithuanian Kristians Olsteins has been rough sleeping in Northampton for about four months after losing his job and passport.
He said it was not a lifestyle choice for him and he would like nothing more than to have a home.
Mike Hallet, who has been homeless for two years, also denied it was a choice.
He said: "Of course, I would like to be off the streets - it is horrible and I would rather be anywhere else."
But Darren Jordan, who lived on the streets for two months before finding space in a homeless shelter, believes "some people get stuck in a rut and then it does become a lifestyle choice".
Northampton Hope Centre runs a day centre supporting people who are homeless or in poverty and was one of the organisations consulted by council officials.
General manager Robin Burgess said: "It's clear there are people who have become accustomed to life on the street over many years - or even decades.
"Some are European and some are addicted to drink and alcohol - but I don't believe anyone actively chooses to sleep on the streets."
He said the way to address homelessness is to supply individual support for as long as is needed.
Under a three-year plan set to be discussed on Wednesday, it is proposed that Northampton Borough Council will provide a temporary night shelter which would require some initial set-up costs "likely to be under Â£50,000".
The financial implications of setting up and running the shelter for up to 18 months will be fully-costed and any plan will require approval.
"Comprehensive support plans" for "rough sleepers with complex needs" would also be introduced.
Crisis, a charity for single homeless people, said rough sleeping was "incredibly dangerous" and a...

Summary:


A speed camera in Cardiff is the busiest in Britain - catching almost three times as many drivers each day as one on a busy Manchester motorway.

Article: A 53-page report has highlighted efforts to boost freight and passenger numbers as key drivers of success.
The business review document also places importance on Prestwick's bid to become the UK's first spaceport.
The Scottish government bought the struggling airport for £1 last year and later announced £10m in loan funding.
The cash was committed towards operating costs, a repairs backlog and to make improvements to the terminal building.
The long-term strategy has been based upon reports and recommendations from a senior advisor appointed by TS Prestwick Holdco Ltd, the holding company that was created by the Scottish government to buy shares in the airport and oversee its corporate governance.
The strategic vision said the Ayrshire terminal's association with Glasgow, some 35 miles away, was its "best asset".
A local campaign to change its name to Robert Burns International Airport, in recognition of the Alloway-born bard, would "damage the airport's business prospects, notably with inbound passengers", it said.
The vision also confirms Prestwick's bid to be the site of the UK's first spaceport, which it said will be "the catalyst for transformational change".
In the meantime, Prestwick faces some challenges including aged infrastructure, a maintenance backlog, a railway station in need of a £4.75m refurbishment, the need for a new primary radar within the next five years and Ryanair's expansion into Glasgow Airport.
The vision also said Scottish airports were "disproportionally affected" by air passenger duty (APD) due to their geographic location and Prestwick is calling for changes to UK aviation policy leading to a reduction in or removal of APD.
Prestwick chief executive Iain Cochrane said: "Our long-term vision for Glasgow Prestwick, which is shared by the Scottish government, is of a high-quality, exceptional value and vibrant aviation, aerospace and visitor hub.
"We aim to ensure that it becomes the busy and prosperous strategic anchor for economic growth and delivery in Ayrshire and Scotland that...

Summary: A long-term vision has been set out for Prestwick Airport - a year after it was taken into public ownership amid fears it could close.
###
Article: Last month, inmates at the Eastern New York Correctional Facility challenged the Harvard team to a debate at the maximum-security lockup.
The prison offers courses taught by faculty from nearby Bard College and the inmates have formed a popular debate club.
The friendly competition ended in a win for the prison's team.
This is not the first win for the Eastern New York Correctional team.
In the two years since starting the club they have challenged and beaten teams from the University of Vermont and the US Military Academy at West Point, with whom they have established an annual match and a budding rivalry.
The Harvard victory may be their biggest success; the Harvard team have won both the national and world championships.
In the match, inmates defended the premise that students whose parents entered the US illegally should be turned away from schools.
The debate was judged by a neutral panel.
Shortly after their loss Harvard students posted on the team's Facebook page.
"There are few teams we are prouder of having lost a debate to than the phenomenally intelligent and articulate team we faced this weekend,"' they wrote. "And we are incredibly thankful to Bard and the Eastern New York Correctional Facility for the work they do and for organizing this event."
At Bard, those who help teach the inmates aren't particularly surprised by their success.
"Students in the prison are held to the exact same standards, levels of rigor and expectation as students on Bard's main campus," said Max Kenner, executive director of the Bard Prison Initiative, which operates in six New York prisons. "Those students are serious. They are not condescended to by their faculty."
The initiative allows inmates to earn a range of degrees mostly taught by Bard professors all taught without access to the internet.
About 15% of all prisoners at Eastern New York Correctional are registered and some graduates have continued their studies at Yale and Columbia universities, according to Kenner.

Summary: A group of New York inmates have out debated Harvard University's team - the top-ranked club in the world.
###
Article: The Wellcome Trust team says a specific speech test accurately predicts whose stutter will persist into their teens.
About one in 20 develops a stutter before age five - but just one in 100 stutter as a teen and identifying these children has so far been difficult.
Campaigners said it was key for children to be diagnosed early.
Stuttering tends to start at about three years old. Four out of five will recover without intervention, often within a couple of years.
But for one in five, their stutter will persist and early therapy can be of significant benefit.
The researchers, based at University College London, used a test developed in the US called SSI-3 (stuttering severity instrument).
In earlier work, they followed eight-year-olds with a stutter into their teens.
They found that the SSI-3 test was a reliable indicator of who would still have a stutter and who would recover - while other indicators such as family history, which have been used, were less so.
It showed the test was highly sensitive and specific in classifying those with a stutter who would recover, those whose stammer would persist and those who were "fluent" - had no communication difficulties.
A fluency result is important because it shows the test can be used on unaffected children, which it would have to be if it was to be used to screen for problems.
This latest paper, published in the Journal of Fluency Disorders, looked at another 272 children with a stutter and 25 without, aged five to 19.
It showed that the test could reliably be used across the age range.
The researchers also found so-called "whole word repetition" was not a reliable indicator of persistent stutter.
Core symptoms were found to be prolonging parts of words, partial repetition of words or "blocking" on the first part of a word.
Prof Peter Howell, who led the research, said: "If we can identify children at risk of stuttering, then we can offer appropriate interventions to help them early on.
"Primary school is a key time in a child's development and any help in tackling...

Summary: A screening test for children starting school that could accurately detect early signs of a persistent stutter is a step closer, experts say.
###
Article: Researchers from Glasgow University were part of an international team that has been investigating the demise of the dinosaur.
By using dating techniques on rock and ash samples, they established the creatures died out about 66,038,000 years ago - give or take 11,000 years.
That date appears to coincide with the impact of a comet or asteroid.
Debate has raged as to whether the giant impact was the sole cause of a quick demise of the dinosaurs, whether they were already in decline at the time of the impact, or whether the impact in fact happened as much as 300,000 years after they were gone.
The study has been published in the journal Science, and also involved researchers from the Berkeley Geochronology Center and University of California, Berkeley in the US and Vrije University Amsterdam in the Netherlands.
The extinction of the dinosaurs was first linked to a comet or asteroid impact in 1980.
A 180km (110mi)-wide crater in the Caribbean off the Yucatan coast of Mexico is presumed to be the result of that impact.
Called Chicxulub, the crater is thought to have been created by an object 10km (6mi) across that threw into the atmosphere debris which is still found around the globe.
These include signs of the enormous force of impact and its extraterrestrial origin: glassy spheres known as tektites, "shocked" quartz and a layer of dust enriched with an element called iridium.
The international team decided last year to use these clues to put a more precise date on the dinosaur extinction, by examining layers of the geological record where they lie close to the last fossils of dinosaurs.
They looked at tektites from Haiti and volcanic ash collected from the Hell Creek Formation in Montana - the source of many dinosaur fossils and one of the best sites to study the change in fossils from before and after the extinction.
The samples were analysed in laboratories first in the US, where a technique called "argon-argon dating" was used to determine their ages precisely.
The approach makes use of a naturally...

Summary: Scientists believe they have determined the most precise date yet for the extinction of dinosaurs.
###
Article: The camera on a 30mph limit junction of Newport Road  is catching an average of 71 speeding drivers every day.
A survey last year found a camera on the M60 in Greater Manchester caught about 26 speeding drivers per day.
The GoSafe partnership, which runs the Cardiff camera, said 99.5% of drivers at the site met the speed limit.
It said: "Motorists should comply with the relevant speed limit, which is there for a reason."
The body also insisted that placing cameras at a location was always "a last resort".
"The revenue from speeding fines is returned back to the government and not the partnership," said Chris Hume from GoSafe.
"There is a simple message - cameras are in place to save lives not to make money."
The camera was installed in 2012, but only went into fully commissioned operation earlier this year.
It has now notched up a staggering 13,624 penalty notices for speeding - and a further 146 drivers were caught for red-light offences.

Summary:


Friends and family of a boxer with a "gentle smile", who died after being knocked out in his first fight, have attended a memorial mass.

Article: He accused Conservatives on both sides of the campaign of peddling the "politics of despair" and said voters wanted facts and "real vision".
In an appeal to Labour voters to back Remain, he warned that leaving the EU would expose UK workers to more "Tory cuts".
The in-out vote takes place on 23 June.
Voters will be asked whether they want the UK to stay in the European Union or leave it.
In a speech to union leaders at the TUC, Mr McDonnell attacked the Conservatives, saying the referendum had only come about because of "splits" in the party and "their fear of UKIP".
"As a result I think the debate has degenerated into the worst form of negativity and brought out the worst in Westminster politics. The negativity has been overwhelming at times," he said.
Mr McDonnell said voters had told him on the doorstep that they wanted "facts and real vision from politicians", and Labour needed to "rescue" the debate from the "Project Fear coming from all sides of the Tory party".
He added: "It's time to turn this debate around, drive out politics of despair and offer a vision for Britain in Europe."
Setting out what he described as a "positive" case for the EU, Mr McDonnell said it helped to protect workers' rights, tackle tax avoidance and climate change and to support British industries.
"This is a vision of Europe based upon hope and solidarity," he told the audience.
The Remain campaign sees Labour voters as crucial to winning the referendum, and it is trying to mobilise the party's supporters to turn out and vote on 23 June.
Pitching the referendum as a contest between left and right, Mr McDonnell said Labour voters considering backing Leave needed to know "what could be on the cards" if Britain quit the EU.
"In plain English, if we have a Tory Brexit then we have the likelihood of more Tory cuts to come," he said.
The shadow chancellor also defended the levels of immigration into the UK and accused EU exit campaigners of pedalling "anti migrant rubbish".
He said migrants were not to blame for the pressure on public...

Summary: The EU referendum has been "extremely negative" and brought out the worst in Westminster politics, Labour's shadow chancellor, John McDonnell, has said.
###
Article: The European Commission said its new mortgages directive would prevent any repeat of reckless home loan lending of the past.
The agreement also includes plans to make it easier for consumers to shop around for their loan.
A lenders' group said the changes would have little impact on the UK system.
The Council of Mortgage Lenders (CML) said that UK rules, which were bolstered recently, already had the greater consumer protection and information in place.
The directive, driven by the Irish Republic's presidency of the EU, aims to halt cases of mortgages being handed out without any background checks on borrowers.
The key feature is that any borrower across the 27 EU member states would be refused a home loan if they failed a standard credit worthiness assessment.
Other features of the agreement include:
"The financial crisis started with the subprime debacle in the United States where mortgages were being handed out with no background checks carried out on whether consumers could afford them, and ill-informed and often vulnerable consumers were encouraged to take excessive risk," said EU Internal Market Commissioner Michel Barnier.
"We have seen similar excesses in Europe, for example with the housing booms and the inevitable busts which followed in Spain and Ireland."
He said the consequences had been enormous, with many people losing their homes to repossession.
"This directive will help put an end to these excesses and foster responsible lending practices," he added.
"Consumers will finally get the protection they deserve. They will be better informed so they can choose the mortgage product which best meets their needs, at the best price, and fully aware of the risks they are taking."
In the UK, lenders have recently gone through a mortgage market review that tightened rules on applications. This has led to new rules, including affordability checks, which will come into force in April 2014.
Paul Smee, director general of the CML, said that the changes would create more paperwork for lenders and regulators in...

Summary: New rules will mean that borrowers across the European Union (EU) will be refused a mortgage if they fail a standard affordability assessment.
###
Article: Victim Robert Taylor and two friends had been looking for Kieley Davis's boyfriend over a threat made to Mr Taylor's daughter.
They attacked Davis instead after she came out of a flat in Lincoln brandishing a kitchen knife.
Davis previously admitted a charge of manslaughter.
Judge Michael Heath accepted Davis, of Woodfield Avenue, was attacked when she left the flat, but said "the case illustrates what can happen when a knife is introduced".
Sentencing Davis, 29, Judge Heath told her she was "unwise" to arm herself with a knife, but accepted she had done so because she was scared.
Mr Taylor died in hospital after being stabbed on 17 April.
Lincoln Crown Court heard Mr Taylor and two other men had gone to a flat in Walnut Place, off Lincoln High Street, looking for Bradley Taylor, the boyfriend of Davis.
Bradley Taylor was previously jailed for stabbing Robert Taylor, who was no relation, in 2012.
Prior to the stabbing by Davis, the court was told Bradley Taylor had threatened Robert Taylor's daughter.
James House, prosecuting, said Robert Taylor and two of his friends - armed with two wooden chair legs - then went looking for him.
When they arrived at the flat Davis was there with a friend, but Bradley Taylor was not present.
Robert Taylor, 39, then became involved in an altercation with the friend of Davis, before she emerged from the flat brandishing a kitchen knife.
According to an eye witness, she was hit three times with a piece of wood.
At some point during the melee she lashed out with the knife, fatally wounding Robert Taylor.
Phillip Shears QC, mitigating for Davis, said she had shown "consistent remorse" for what happened.

Summary: A woman who killed a man when she lashed out with a kitchen knife while being attacked has been jailed for seven years.
###
Article: The event - at the Eden Project, near St Austell, on Saturday - celebrated the popular delicacy, which was given protected status under EU law in 2011.
The aptly-named Graham Cornish, who works at pasty-maker Ginsters, won the two professional classes.
Meanwhile, Billy Deakin, from Mount Hawke, neat St Agnes, won the Cornish Pasty Amateur category.
Entrants came from as far afield as Australia and the US.
The winners were decided by a panel of 21 judges.
Source: Cornish Pasty Association
The Cornish Pasty Association, which backed the competition, came up with the "genuine" Cornish pasty recipe as part of its successful Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) application.
Marks were awarded for taste, texture, appearance, pastry crimp and technical expertise, organisers said.
Mr Cornish - who won the Cornish Pasty Professional, and Open Savoury Professional categories - said he had been making pasties since he was five.
He said he was "humbled" to win, saying the secret was using the freshest ingredients.
Head judge Dave Menear said he and his panel had found some of the entries "fascinating".
He said: "There were 102 pasties judged and we thought there were only two or three duds out of all of those."
Some classes in the championships also looked at alternative recipes.
Mr Menear said: "Some of the stuff we were tasting in the open category were not really a Cornish pasty, but they were amazing. Some real creativity went into it."
One alternative recipe entered was a fish and chip pasty.
However, Suzanne Manson, from Bristol, won the Open Savoury Amateur class.
Her pasty was filled with wild rabbit poached in cider-soaked leeks, with peas and lemon zest.
The pasty has been associated with tin miners in the county and was a part of many people's diets during the 18th Century.
The Oxford English Dictionary suggests it was first identified around 1300.
Families in Cornwall have passed down the recipe for a Cornish pasty through the generations.
Variations on the pasty taken around the world by expatriates can...

Summary: More than 100 cooks from around the world have taken part in the first World Pasty Championships in Cornwall.
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Article: Kuba Moczyk, 22, died in hospital after he was knocked out in an unlicensed fight at the Tower Complex, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, on 19 November.
A memorial mass has been held at St Mary's Church in the town.
Father Philip Shryane told the congregation Mr Moczyk' was a "good man" whose "life was boxing".
More on this story and others from Norfolk
He said Mr Moczyk was "a young man with a good heart, with so much to give and so much to look forward to... but always a gentle smile".
His uncle, Marcin Smigaj gave a tribute, in Polish, on behalf of the family. Mr Moczyk was due to be cremated.
Mr Moczyk, originally from Poland, worked at a chicken factory and lived in the town.
His trainer Scott Osinski said earlier that Mr Moczyk was winning the fight when he took the fatal blow.
His opponent is believed to be aged 17.

Summary:


A man has been arrested on suspicion of murder after a man was stabbed to death in a street in Essex.
The victim, Danny Myers, 23, from Enfield, was stabbed to death in Rochford Road, St Osyth, at around 2.30am on Monday.
The man, Kevin

A man has been charged with murdering a man who was stabbed to death.

Article: It is the 15th consecutive monthly fall and the number now stands at 56,100.
The jobless figure has fallen by almost 9,000 over that 15 month period.
However, the percentage of the working age population claiming the benefit remains the highest in the UK. It is currently 6.2%.
The other measurement of unemployment, the Labour Force Survey, shows a quarterly rate of 7.2%, down by 0.1% on the previous quarter.
That remains above the UK average rate of 6.8% but is well below the Republic of Ireland rate of 11.9%.
The Labour Force Survey (LFS) questions a number of people every month on their employment status, and is the most widely used by labour market economists as it allows international comparisons.
The figures for April also point to a fall in long-term unemployment, down 13% over the year, and youth unemployment, down 2.5% over the year.
The economic inactivity rate, that is mainly people, who for a variety of reasons, are not looking for a job, stands at 26.8%.
It is unchanged over the quarter and down marginally over the year, remaining well above the UK average rate of 21.9%.
Last year, the Stormont Executive launched a strategy aimed at tackling the problem of economic inactivity.
It aims to get 30,000 more people into work over the next 10 years.
Part of the plan includes setting up a task force and incentive schemes for employers.

Summary: The number of people on unemployment benefit in Northern Ireland is continuing to fall with the number of claims down by 800 in April.
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Article: Author Ian Rankin, actor Bill Nighy and comedian Miranda Hart will be among the 1,000 guests taking part in the annual 10-day event.
Other big names making an appearance include Mary Berry, Matt Lucas and Salman Rushdie.
Now in its 68th year, the UK's oldest literature festival will take place in October.
It attracts some of the biggest names from the world of culture, politics and sport.
The programme includes new Children's Laureate Lauren Child and children's author and illustrator Judith Kerr, creator of The Tiger Who Came to Tea.
Russell Brand, Sarah Millican and Peep Show star Robert Webb are among the comedians who will be talking candidly about their lives.
Also making an appearance will be author Michael Morpurgo, the original supermodel Twiggy and cook Nigella Lawson.
Nicola Tuxworth, head of programming, said the line-up was the "culmination of a very intensive few months of hard graft".
"We want to be a festival where people can scroll down down the list and all see something they want to go to," she added.
The festival will take place between 6-15 October at various venues around the Gloucestershire town.

Summary: The full line-up for the 2017 Cheltenham Literature Festival has been announced by organisers.
###
Article: Delegates at the National Union of Teachers' conference backed a campaign to abolish the tests which are coming to many schools in September.
Teachers warn the literacy and numeracy tests would stress young pupils.
Schools minister Nick Gibb said it was "extraordinary" that teachers' unions could not say "a single positive thing about England's schools".
These "baseline tests" in reading, writing and maths, to be carried out when pupils begin school, are intended to provide a starting point to measure progress against through primary school.
Ministers have argued that the assessments will help to make sure pupils leave primary school having made good progress in these basic skills.
The Labour party also supports the introduction of the baseline tests for reception pupils.
The Liberal Democrats support the tests and reject the way they have been characterised at the teachers' union conference.
But Sara Tomlinson, calling for a boycott at the NUT annual conference in Harrogate, said: "We actually have the chance to stop these tests. We need to step up this campaign and act promptly as a trade union.
Making an emotional plea against the tests she said: "Four is too young to test," adding that experts had denounced the tests.
"We have seen the reports on child mental health. What we are doing to children is absolutely disgraceful."
She described the situation in her school where children were tested so frequently it was like "death by testing".
The tests would be used by the Department for Education to track how much progress a child had made, she said, claiming that this would be used to decide whether the child's teacher gets a pay rise or goes into a capability procedure.
Alex Kenny, a union executive member, said the NUT was not opposed in principle to assessing children, but it opposed these baseline tests and how they will be used.
The tests are being introduced formally in September 2016 but schools are being invited to start the testing early this September. Schools and teachers will be encouraged by the...

Summary: Teachers have voted to ballot for a boycott on tests for four-year-olds in England, calling them "disgraceful".
###
Article: There were two incidents - one in December and one last week - on the service run jointly by Translink and Irish Rail.
Translink said at no stage were any passengers in danger.
All the refurbished trains are due to be operating on the Belfast to Dublin route from the end of February.
However, the Railway Safety Commission (RSC) has issued a prohibition notice on NI Railways, banning them from operating in the Republic of Ireland.
The RSC said the notice was independent of its approval of the newly re-furbished Enterprise Trains and that the doors or door circuits were not part of the re-furbishment project.
One of the refurbished trains was unveiled by Translink in November and had been undergoing a three-month trial.
It was one of four de Dietrich trains upgraded by Translink and was described by the company as a "major milestone" in its £12.2m NI railways upgrade programme.
New livery and interiors were also included as well as a significant overhaul of the train's mechanical systems and a new electronic passenger reservation system.
In response to the latest incidents, Translink said "internal investigations have highlighted that the two door incidents are unrelated in nature and at no stage were passengers in any immediate danger".
"A technical investigation and remedial action is currently under way across the Enterprise fleet involving specialist door contractors and the train door manufacturer.
"The Enterprise train remains out of service while this is ongoing."
Translink has postponed the introduction of a new timetable for the Enterprise train service to Dublin.
An earlier 06.15 GMT Belfast departure time had been due to begin at the end of January.
But the journey time would have taken longer - almost two and a half hours.
However Translink has now said that "alternative options" are being looked at. Passengers have been consulted by Translink and Iarnród Éireann about the proposed changes.
The service is operated jointly by Translink and Iarnród Éireann.
"The companies will work together to review...

Summary: The newly-refurbished Enterprise trains have had their safety licence suspended in the Republic of Ireland after passenger doors opened mid-journey.
###
Article: Kevin Paddick, 34, of Rosemary Road, Clacton, Essex, is accused of killing Danny Myers, 23, from Enfield.
Mr Myers died in hospital after he was stabbed at an address in Rochford Road, St Osyth, in the early hours of Monday.
The accused is expected to appear before magistrates later. A 29-year-old woman from Clacton, who was arrested on suspicion of murder, has been released without charge.

Summary:


Polling cards were wrongly sent to at least 3,462 EU citizens who are not allowed to vote in the EU referendum, the Electoral Commission has announced.

Article: The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) said nine inquiries were complete with 53 more ongoing.
It is currently investigating 211 allegations made against more than 90 South Yorkshire Police officers.
The complaints include alleged corruption and failure to act.
Rachel Cerfontyne, deputy chair of the IPCC, said: "We've certainly found things that have gone wrong and we've certainly found significant failings but in terms of the individuals, whilst we've got concerns around some performance, we've not found is any indication of misconduct."
She added that as a result of the inquiry at least one officer had been interviewed under caution but no charges had been brought.
An IPCC spokesperson said it had made "learning recommendations" to the force concerning the recording of information and the retention of archived materials."
Details of the nature of the allegations at the centre of the nine investigations have not been revealed.
However, Ms Cerfontyne said they related to "leadership, crime reporting and intelligence, as well as attitudes towards survivors and suspected offenders, and the ineffectiveness of police engagement with other agencies".
Inquiries began in November 2014 after South Yorkshire Police referred 13 officers to the IPCC and has now grown into the "the second largest operation" the IPCC has undertaken after the Hillsborough inquiry.
South Yorkshire Police and Crime Commissioner Dr Alan Billings, said the length of time the investigation is taking was "intolerable and unfair" on victims and officers and described it as a "denial of natural justice".
Ms Cerfontyne said Dr Billings concerns were "entirely understandable" but the IPCC's priority was to ensure all claims were carried out "rigorously and thoroughly".
She added the inquiry had been slowed down by a number of factors including the fact new allegations continue to be received, the most recent of which were lodged on Monday.
South Yorkshire Police has not responded to the IPCC's announcement.

Summary: The first inquiries into alleged misconduct by officers handling child sex abuse complaints in Rotherham have concluded there is "no case to answer", the police watchdog said.
###
Article: The low-lying cloud is seemingly so transient and intangible, and unlike rivers and glaciers it leaves no easy-to-read impressions on the landscape.
And yet, a Santiago team has been able to trace the fog history of the Atacama Desert by studying Tillandsia plants.
Their chemistry suggests strongly that this local fog has increased over time.
It is a period covering the last 3,500 years.
"I don't think there's any other place in the world where I've actually seen a record of fog, even spanning the last hundred years," said Claudio Latorre Hidalgo from the Catholic University of Chile.
"What little we know about fog is from measurement instrumental data that we have, and from satellite data that only spans the last 20 years.
"So, this is actually a unique opportunity to study the evolution of a fog ecosystem over the Late Holocene, and what are the major drivers and controls of the mechanisms that produce that fog in the long term - the very long term."
The palaeoclimate expert was discussing his team's research here at the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union - the world's largest annual gathering of Earth scientists.
The Atacama is famous for its super-arid conditions; there are places where it has not rained for years.
But life can eke out an existence if it can exploit the fog that rolls in off the Pacific. Tillandsia are a perfectly adapted opportunist.
These wiry, grey plants have no roots. They clutch weakly at sand dunes, but arrange themselves at every spatial scale to maximise their capture of the fog.
They derive everything they need from the damp air - not simply the must-have water, but also all the chemical nutrients required to underpin their biology.
Dr Latorre Hidalgo and colleagues have dug deep into the dunes to uncover a multi-millennia succession of Tillandsia; and they have described a pronounced trend: the younger the plants, the more of the lighter type, or isotope, of nitrogen atom that they have incorporated into their tissues.
Analysis of modern fog suggests this lighter...

Summary: It is hard to imagine you could reconstruct a record of fog dating back thousands of years, but this is exactly what Chilean scientists have done.
###
Article: Lin Zulian will head the new Communist Party Committee in Wukan and organise elections for a new village committee.
His predecessor is under investigation for alleged corruption.
Anger in Wukan over land seizures by officials resulted in an open revolt against local party leaders in December.
The villagers' key demands - including removing two local officials from their posts - were granted by officials amid considerable public backing for the villagers.
The move was seen as a rare compromise by the Chinese government.
Mr Lin on Sunday replaced the incumbent Wukan chief, a businessman who had headed the village for decades but who local people accused of land grabs.
"This is a decision that everyone in Wukan supports and it is an important move that will help resolve the land and village finance disputes," a villager with the surname of Zhang was quoted by news agency Agence France Presse as saying.
Protests began to simmer in Wukan, in Guangdong province, in September and escalated into deadlock after the death of a village negotiator in police custody.
Villagers said officials sold off their land to developers and failed to compensate them properly.
They also called for an investigation into the death of Xue Jinbo, who died on 11 December while in the hands of local police. Police say he died of a "sudden illness", but his family say he was beaten to death.
In December deputy provincial Communist Party secretary Zhu Mingguo met village representatives and reached an agreement to end the stand-off.
There are thousands of protests over land grabs in China each year, with the Wukan protest becoming a symbol of public outrage at perceived injustices.

Summary: The leader of protests against land grabs in a southern Chinese village has been appointed its new chief.
###
Article: The proposal is one of 76 recommendations from an expert group looking at maternity services.
Caesarean sections should only be offered for clinical reasons, the review suggests.
Between three and five neonatal intensive care units across Scotland would care for seriously ill babies.
These would be supported by other special care units, the report said.
The review, announced in 2015 and chaired by NHS Forth Valley chief executive Jane Grant, has been examining best practice and current services.
The expert group's recommendations include:
Health Secretary Shona Robison said the proposals would improve a system that was already providing an "exceptional  maternal and neonatal service".
She said she hoped the recommendation on continuity of midwifery care would be adopted quickly.
"This move will help build relationship-based care between women and midwives, and will improve outcomes for women," she said.
"Changes to birth rate, demographics and best practice, as well as advances to clinical care, means the services we provide to women and babies must be adapted and updated.
"The clinical evidence shows us that, for the most critically-ill babies, delivering highly-specialist care in up to five enhanced neonatal intensive care units in Scotland will ensure better outcomes for them and their families."
Mary Ross-Davie, director for Scotland at the Royal College of Midwives, welcomed the report, describing it as a "defining moment" for maternity services.
She said: "The plan has the potential to revolutionise maternity care, to deliver safer and better services for women, babies and their families, and to improve the health of our population.
"What is so important is that this puts women and their families at the centre of care. The focus on continuity of care and carer - that is the woman seeing the same midwife or small group of midwives - is very welcome.
"There is very strong evidence that better continuity of care leads to better outcomes for the mother and baby."
Maternity services came under the spotlight...

Summary: Pregnant women in Scotland should be allocated a primary midwife, providing care before, during and after the birth of their child, a review has found.
###
Article: A software "issue" meant polling cards and some postal votes were sent out to some "non eligible" voters.
They are still awaiting responses from six councils so the number could rise.
Leave campaigners Iain Duncan Smith and Bernard Jenkin have expressed "serious concerns" about the "conduct of the EU referendum and its franchise".
They have written to the prime minister complaining of "many and varied" examples of EU nationals being sent polling cards.
On Friday, the Electoral Commission confirmed the numbers affected so far, and said the software provider had since "resolved the issue".
Any postal votes wrongly issued would be cancelled and none of those affected would appear as an eligible voter on the electoral registers used at polling stations, it said.
EU citizens from non-UK countries are not entitled to vote, unless they are citizens of the Irish Republic, Cyprus or Malta.
But Mr Duncan Smith has said a Nottingham City Council officer had emailed a Vote Leave supporter to say the council was unable to check whether people put their correct nationality on an application, and had to assume the information submitted was correct.
Kingston-upon-Thames council in south-west London said a Polish citizen in the area - whose case had been highlighted by the Guido Fawkes website - was sent a polling card because he had put "British" as his nationality on the electoral register.
British, Irish and Commonwealth citizens resident in the UK and many British citizens living abroad are entitled to vote in the referendum.
You can check with your local authority's electoral services team if you are worried that you are not on the register.
If you are not on the register you have until midnight on Tuesday, 7 June to submit an application for a vote. The deadlines for applying for a postal vote at the referendum are:
In England, Scotland or Wales, you can register to vote online anytime at gov.uk/register-to-vote. If you are a British citizen living abroad, you can register to vote online in the same way.
In Northern...

Summary: