 level of Apathy, in resignation to
semi-skilled labor. Simple but life-common. Recreational activities take
the
Enlightenment characteristically show their abject poverty. W e must also
realize sustaining housing and food economyform of chess, travel, theater and
the teacher with a specific hand position,
that much of the remainder of the world's
become dependably available; clothing is
concerts. Civic enterprises intended to
called mudra, wherein the palm of the
population, civilized as well as primitive,
adequate and elementary education enhance the social milieu receive
serious hand radiates benediction. This is the act
lives primarily in Fear; the majority of
begins. attention. Supreme Court justices,
of the transmission of this ener gy field to
humans spend their lives in a quest for
presidents, statesmen, inventors and
The high 200s are represented by skilled
the consciousness of mankind. This level
one form or another of security. Those
leaders of industry occupy this general
labor, blue-collar workers, tradesmen,
of divine grace calibrates up to 1,000, the
whose lifestyles transcend the imperativerange. retail commerce and industries. At lower
highest level attained by any persons who
of survival to allow discretionary options
(80)
levels, for example, fishing is an
Because education is the underpinning
have lived in(76) recorded history-to wit,
become grist for the Desire-driven world
individual or a tribe activity, but above
of this level, individuals tend to gather in
the Great A vatars to whom the title
economic mill, and success in attainment
the mid-200s, it becomes an industry. metropolitan areas where they have
"Lord" is appropriate: Lord Krishna,
of desires leads at best to Pride. access to sources of information and
At the level of 300 we find technicians,
Lord Buddha and Lord Jesus Christ. Any meaningful human satisfaction
instruction such as the great universities.skilled and advanced craftsmen, routine
cannot even commence until about the
Some aspire to faculty status; others
5. SOCIAL DISTRIBUTION OF
managers and a more sophisticated
level of 250, where some degree of self-
become lawyers or members of the other
CONSCIOUSNESS LEVELS
business structure. Completion of
confidence begins to emer ge as a basis
professional classes. The welfare of one's
secondary education becomes customary. for positive life experiences in the
fellow man is a common concern, though
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
There is an interest in style, sport and
evolution of consciousness. not yet a driving force. The high 400s are
public entertainment; television is the
A graphic representation of the
associated with leaders in their respective
great pastime at this level.distribution of the respective ener gy
Cultural Correlations
fields and with high social prestige,
levels among the world's population
The ener gy fields below 200 are most
In the mid-300s we find upper accomplishment and corresponding
would resemble the shape of a pagoda
common in extremely primitive
management, artisans and educators, with
social trappings. Both Einstein and Freud
roof, in that 85% of the race is below the
conditions where people eke out bare
an informed awareness of public events
calibrate at 499. But while the 400s are
critical level of 200, while the overall
subsistence. Clothing is sparse, illiteracy
and a world view that extends beyond the
the level of universities and doctorates,
average level of human consciousness
is the rule, infant mortality is high,
tribe, neighborhood, or city to the nation
they are also the source of the limited andtoday is approximately 204.1 The power
disease and malnutrition are wide-spread,
at lar ge and its welfare. Social dialogue
limiting Newtonian vision of the universe
of the relatively few individuals near the
and there is a vacuum of social power. becomes a meaningful matter of interest. and of the Cartesian split between mind
top counterbalances the weakness of the
Skills are rudimentary and center around
Survival has been assured by the and body (Newton and Descartes also
masses toward the bottom to achieve this
fuel and food gathering and shelter
acquisition of skills and information
calibrate at 499). overall average. As mentioned, only
preparation, and there is total dependence
adequate to function as a civilized
Just as the level 200 demarcates a critical
0.4% of the world's population calibrates
on the vagaries of the immediate
society. There is social mobility andchange of consciousness, 500 is a point at
at an ener gy field of 500 or over; a level
environment. This is the stone-age
flexibility and resources which enable a
which awareness makes another giant
of consciousness calibrating at 600 or
cultural level, little more than animal
limited amount of travel and other
leap. Although survival of the individual
over is reached by only one in ten
existence. stimulating recreation. is still important, the motivation of love
million. Populations characterized by the low
The 400s are the level of the awakening
begins to color all activities, and
At first glance these figures may seem
200s are typified by unskilled labor,
of the intellect, the locus of true literacy,
creativity comes into full expression,
improbable, but if we examine worldrudimentary trade, the building of simple
higher education, the professional class,
accompanied by commitment, dedication
conditions, we will quickly be reminded
artifacts such as dug-out canoes and
executives and scientists. The home,
and expressions of charisma. Here
that the populations of whole temporary housing. Mobility begins to
devoid of reading material at the lower
excellence is common in every field of
subcontinents live at a bare subsis- (78)
express itself in the nomadic lifestyle,
levels, here exhibits magazines, human endeavor, from sport to scientific
tence level. Famine and disease are
and in populations that average a
periodicals and full bookcases. There is
investigation. Altruism becomes a
commonplace, frequently accompanied
somewhat higher consciousness,
an interest in educational broadcast
motivating factor, along with dedication
channels and a more sophisticated37
38
is no localization of consciousness;
by political oppression and paucity of
agriculture appears and barter evolves
political awareness. Great
awareness is everywhere equally present. social resources. Many of such people
into the use of token currency. communication adeptness, intellectual
Great works of art depicting individuals
live in a state of hopelessness calibrating
(79) The mid-200s are associated with
preoccupation and artistic creativity are
who have reached the level of at the level of Apathy, in resignation to
semi-skilled labor. Simple but life-common. Recreational activities take
the
Enlightenment characteristically show their abject poverty. W e must also
realize sustaining housing and food economy
form of chess, travel, theater and
the teacher with a specific hand position,
that much of the remainder of the world's
become dependably available; clothing isconcerts. Civic enterprises intended to
called mudra, wherein the palm of the
population, civilized as well as primitive,
adequate and elementary education enhance the social milieu receive
serious hand radiates benediction. This is the act
lives primarily in Fear; the majority of
begins. attention. Supreme Court justices,
of the transmission of this ener gy field to
humans spend their lives in a quest for
presidents, statesmen, inventors and
The high 200s are represented by skilled
the consciousness of mankind. This level
one form or another of security. Those
leaders of industry occupy this general
labor, blue-collar workers, tradesmen,
of divine grace calibrates up to 1,000, the
whose lifestyles transcend the imperative
range. retail commerce and industries. At lower
highest level attained by any persons who
of survival to allow discretionary options(80)
levels, for example, fishing is an
Because education is the underpinning
have lived in(76) recorded history-to wit,
become grist for the Desire-driven world
individual or a tribe activity, but above
of this level, individuals tend to gather in
the Great A vatars to whom the title
economic mill, and success in attainment
the mid-200s, it becomes an industry. metropolitan areas where they have
"Lord" is appropriate: Lord Krishna,
of desires leads at best to Pride. access to sources of information and
At the level of 300 we find technicians,
Lord Buddha and Lord Jesus Christ. Any meaningful human satisfaction
instruction such as the great universities. skilled and advanced craftsmen, routine
cannot even commence until about the
Some aspire to faculty status; others
5. SOCIAL DISTRIBUTION OFmanagers and a more sophisticated
level of 250, where some degree of self-
become lawyers or members of the other
CONSCIOUSNESS LEVELS
business structure. Completion of
confidence begins to emer ge as a basis
professional classes. The welfare of one's
secondary education becomes customary. for positive life experiences in the
fellow man is a common concern, though
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
There is an interest in style, sport and
evolution of consciousness. not yet a driving force. The high 400s are
public entertainment; television is the
A graphic representation of the
associated with leaders in their respective
great past


 sick by too much excitement of
all kinds. Very young children should be kept quiet enough
to favor sleep all the time, except when bathed and when
clothes are changed. They should not he taken u p every
time they do any fretting. All that is needed is to make
them dry and change their positions. Young children should not be fed oftener than every four
hours, and not that often unless they are awake. To awaken
a child for food is very unnecess ary and harmful. A human being is a cerebro -spinal dynamo, and should
be kept as much as possible in a static state, conserving
nerve -energy for future use. Poise or self -control —teaching
a child to be contented alone —must be started at birth. Children need no entertainment. When left alone, they
find entertainment in becoming acquainted with
themselves. Children that are coddled in the matter of being
entertained —dancing attendance on them —develop
discontent and bring on enervation, which fa vors “the
diseases peculiar to children. ”

 CHILDREN

   Children of school age are enervated by being urged in
school work, exercise, and all kinds of excitement. Play
should he limited. When hysteria shows up, stop the play. Much study, examinatio ns, exercise without desire,
competitive examinations of all kinds, causes a capricious
craving for food. When a growing child is forced to the
limit of its nervous capacity, nature must conserve in some
way; and as there is no way to sidestep convention’s  eternal
grind, the normal desire for food is lost. Forced Feeding to Increase Weight. —The whole system
of school feeding, is one of destroying health by
enervating, if not killing the child. The federal government is ruining thousands of our
young men, teaching them the sick habit. The government
should give them a pension and turn them loose. The
present coddling is pernicious, not only for the ex -soldier,
but also for those who are interested in keeping their
hospital jobs. Doctors must be  able to detect cunning and craft. The
sick habit often starts as a joke, an experiment —just to see how those interested will take it —and ends in deceiving the
deceiver. A common habit, and one that often leads to a sick habit,
is self -pity—being sorr y for one’s self. Children are
inclined to play sick to buy what they want. Giving even school lunches enervates by building
dissatisfaction. It is disease -building. Children must be
given an independent spirit —pride will save the world. Then, to add to all this routine of nerve -destroying customs
of our schools, teeth must be straightened; which means
pressure on nerve and more or less irritation. The tonsils
and appendix must be removed. This is a pernicious
medical fad. Feed right, and there will be  no excuse for
operations. Vaccine and serums must be used to immunize from
disease that results from the enervation brought on from all
preceding causes. This is another senseless fad, besides it is
disease building. People are sick from wrong l iving. Operations remove
erects. Stop the cause, and disease goes away. Nature cures,
when allowed to do so, by removing the causes of
enervation. Children Pampered and Spoiled. —This brings on the bad
and enervating habits of irritability, wilfulness,  overeating,
improper eating, and temper. Many of the older children
use tobacco, coffee, and an excessive amount of sweets and
pastry. Self -abuse begins early in many, and is the cause of
stomach symptoms. Adolescence comes with excessive
dancing, loss of  sleep, smoking, drinking, lasciviousness,
venereal disease, and the fear springing from the
contemplation of the consequences. Irritable children are
hard to do anything for. The reason they are irritable is
because they are pampered and not made to mind. It is a crime not to control children. They should be
compelled to obey. But do not wait until they are sick. A
cranky irritability will help bring on disease and keep a
child sick. Fear. —Fear is the greatest of all causes of enervation. Childre n are subject to many fears. They are educated to
fear the dark, the bogy -man, and punishment. Parents often
keep children in a state of fear by irritably cuffing them for
the slightest excuse. There are many parents who do their
“scrapping” before their c hildren. It is a dreadfully
common thing to do. Outlawry begins at home and at the breast of the mother. A child that cannot respect its parents will not respect the
laws of the state or nation. No parent is respected who is
not obeyed at once and wit hout capitulation. Unconditional
surrender is the discipline necessary for character -building. But children will not obey laws that parents disregard. In domestic infelicity are born disease and crime, and no
amount of doctoring by doctors of medicine, law, and
theology can cure; for none of them removes the cause. Those who die of chronic disease have no self -control. There is much fear and anxiety in a child’s life. No child
can thrive living in a state of fear in home, school, or
church. Discip line taught by respected parents brings love
and not fear. Longevity has increased since hell -fire and brimstone
have ceased to be taught and to build fear. A morality kept
intact by fear is not health -imparting, and is not a morality
at all. Remove t he fear, and mob license succeeds it. Fear
and love are antidotal. Man has been taught to fear God,
and at the same time love Him. Where the fear is real, the
love is fictitious. Love being the basis on which ethics is
built, a love founded on fear builds humbug ethics; and this  is the foundation of all the conventional lies of our
civilization. Fear in all lines concerning children, from their
conception to their birth, and on through school life, social
life, and marriage, leads to enervation. The d earth of worth -
while knowledge of how to feed and otherwise care for
children keeps up an unnecessary worry with parents
concerning their health. How to teach the young to avoid
breaking their health and handicapping their minds by
excesses in play, eating, drinking, in controlling temper and
emotions, and in self -pollution is a knowledge sadly
lacking in nearly all homes. Disease follows these excesses
in the young. There is not a habit so self -destructive and so
generally practiced as venereal excitement;  and there is no
habit receiving so little attention from parents. Ataxia is supposed to be caused by syphilis, but in fact, it
is caused by cerebro -spinal enervation, brought on from
sensuality in all forms —particularly venereal. Subjects of
this dis ease usually begin onanism early in life. Parents
should teach children to avoid destroying habits. I have had
locomotor -ataxia cases confess to me that they began their
self-pollution as early as eight years of age. Ten to fifteen
are the years when activ e pollution begins. Unless a
physician is very tactful, youths will not confess. I will say that very few boys have been untruthful to me. This
practice is not quite so common with the opposite sex. The physical abuse in this line is not nearly so ene rvating
as allowing the mind to dwell on sex -subjects. Lascivious
dreaming debauches the victim as much as excessive
venery. Early pollution, followed by excessive venery,
often communizes a mind that would shine in the forum
and in intellectual pursuits. There is a difference, however,
in garrulity and garrulous parroting, and giving a feast of
reason. Bright intellects at twenty and twenty -five often
degenerate into mediocrity at forty -five because of brain -
enervation due to venereal excess. Add to sex - abuse,
tobacco, coffee, tea, alcohol, and excessive or wrong
eating, and no wonder man at sixty is fit for little else than
chloroforming, if nature has not already administered
euthanasia. ADULTS

   Adults, too, have much fear in their lives. The b read-and-
butter problem gives anxiety; but when enough has been
accumulated, so that fear along this line is unnecessary,
fear is felt that something may happen that will put them  back in the breadline. Why. There is no confidence in
business ethics —there is no God in business. Business Worries. —Business worries are a source of
enervation. Business —any business —is not the cause of
worry. A work well done is a delight, and anything that
delights is character -building. A work slovenly carried on
dissati sfies; but the worrier never looks within to find the
cause. This life brings enervation in time, and disease as a
sequel; then more worries looking for a cure. Business is
what a man makes


OT
Now that they agree that women do have orgasm, contemporary
sexologists have found themselv es in a controversy about its exact
nature. Freud distinguished clitoral from vaginal orgasm, calling
the former immature and neurotic. Masters and Johnson, like
Kinsey before them, stated that all female orgasms involved the
clitoris directly or indirectly. The debate on clitoral versus vaginal orgasm, started by Freud
and put to an end-for a while-by Masters and Johnson, was re
kindled by sexologists Beverly Whipple and John Perry in 1980,
when they announc ed the findings of their research on the G spot. In the early 1940s, while doing research on birth control, the Ger
man gynecologist Ernst Grafenbcr g claimed to have discovered a
bean -size spot on the front wall of the vagina, about two inches
from the entrance. The wel l-hidden spot was difficult to locate
in self-examination or dur ing mission ary-pos ition intercour se. Grafenberg fi>und this spot extremely sensitive to deep pressure;
when stimu lated, orgasm resulted. Wh ipple and Perry termed
lOt) ANC IENT SE CRE TS FOR MODERN LOVERS
this little erogenous area "Grafenberg spot," or "G spot. " Of the
approximately four hundred women volunteers their team exam
ined, all were found to have the G spot. Whipple and Perry announced that stimulation of the G spot
by deep pressure led to a deep "cervical" orgasm in the female,
dissin1ilar to the usual clitoral orgasm, and that during such deep
orgasm rnany women ejaculated a fluid, sometimes abundantly. In the past this ejaculation may have embarrassed some women
because they thought, incorrectly, that it was urine. Whipple and Perry were joined by Alice K. Ladas, a psycholo
gist and sexologist, and her husband, Harold, who had been on a
similar track researching clitoral and vaginal orgasms. The findings
of the four are still controversial today, but they seem to confirm
some older beliefs formerly ignored or rejected by the scientific
community. It will be interesting to see their confirmation by fu
ture research. While the existence of the G spot and its function in relation
to deep vaginal orgasm still have not been accepted by all sexol
ogists, the ancients seem to have made use of the G spot either
through experience or by instinct. The Taoists never described a
specific feature that might be the G spot, but there is evidence they
understood it all the same. The optimum intercourse positions
for intense stimulati on of the G spot, as pointed out by Gr�iten
berg, Whipple and Perry, and other sexologists, are rear entry
and woman's feet on man's shoulders. These two lovemaking
positions happened to be an1ong the most popular in China for
centuries. When one considers a n1ajor goal of the Art of the
Bedchamber, to excite and please won1en sexually, an empirical
knowledge of the G spot seen 1s con finned. Mast ers and Johnson, perhaps the n1ost renowned atnong
rnodern sexologists, exploded n1any sexualrnyths long held in the
Western world. They clain1ed, tor ex�unplc. that the size of a nun's
pt·nis has noth ing to do with his sexual satisfaction or that of his
partner� that the n1alc-on-top, face-to-t:Ke position in intercourse
is not necessa rily the n1ost natural and satisfying; that sexual ab
stinence for long periods tnay not be benefic ial� and that older
peopk can continue sexual activity wdl into their eighties and
nineties. Mast ers and Johnson's successful treatn1ent for st·xually
dysfunctioning couples, instead of hunting tor Freudian ghosts 13
Recapture the Spring
Exercises /or Sexual Vt"gor
THRO UGHOUT THE CENTU RIES the Taoist Chinese have discreetly
but avidly sought for the magic to enhance their sexuality. Among
their efforts arc a variety of therapeutic mind-body exercises to
invigorate then1 sexually. Erotic exercises and therapy, as noted
before, are known as lwi-clllm, or "recapture the spring. " (In classi
cal Chinese, as has been n1cntioncd, the word tor "spring " not
only denotes the season, but also alludes to youth and sexuality. ) Contrary to what 1nany Westerners and even n1any Chinese
believe today, the ancien t Chinese were concerned with physical
cultur e, and engaged widely in dan cing. sports, and tnartial arts. Son1e ten centuries ago. however, when the in1perial systen1 of
literary con1petition dotninated the aspirations of educated Chi
nese, tnany of the1 n beg an neglecting physical activity. By the
tenth and eleventh cen turies, scholars virtually scorned physical
exer cise as unc outh. Son1e Taoist and Uuddhist priests. acrobats,
kung fu rnasters, practitioner s of litl. ·-nurturc, and devotees of
sexual enhatKcnlent, thou gh. con tinu ed to practice and develop
various forrns of physical cultur e wit h thL' n1ind-body approach. Sex ually orient ed exercis e and therapy arc believed to tune up
sexual orga ns, t<. )rtif y sexual stat nina, sharpen sexual sensations,
and generally incr ease pleasur e in the bedroon1. Because these
tnainly r[loist exercises and th erapy \VL'rc often jealously guarded
sccr l'ts, revealed only to funily n1e1nbcrs and trusted discipl es,
tnany of thcn1 arc lost. l)thcrs have been preserved and now are public knowkdgt. '. These. nurnhering in the hundreds. ut. · usdtJI
and \vithin reach of everyont.<|eot_id|><|begin_of_text|>
Q: What is the author's stance on the effectiveness of known aphrodisiacs?,
A: The author states that all known aphrodisiacs that create the illusion of arousal are harmful and may lead to long-term side effects, and instead, they believe that genuine sexual desire can be enhanced by boosting sexual health.
Q: What is the concept of "chi" in ancient Chinese culture?,
A: According to the text, chi is an energy field that is generated and stored in the lower abdomen, and can be manipulated through various techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and acupressure. It is believed to be connected to the cinnabar field, and is used to enhance sexual vitality, health, and longevity.
Q: What is the purpose of the "chi-kung" practice?,
A: The text does not explicitly state the purpose of chi-kung, but it implies that it is a practice aimed at generating and maximizing sexual vitality, as well as enhancing overall health and longevity.
Q: What is the significance of the "ear" in ancient Chinese medicine?,
A: The text does not explicitly state the significance of the ear in ancient Chinese medicine, but it implies that the ear is an important area for the flow of chi and the manipulation of life-force.
Q: What is the author's stance on the relationship between sex and health?,
A: The author suggests that the relationship between sex and health is more complex than previously thought, and that sex can have a positive impact on one's health, particularly in terms of longevity.<|eot_id|><|begin_of_text|>The nerves control the tnotor activity of these n1uscles,
conununicate sensations to the brain, and are responsible tor the
rhythmi c con tractions of sexual organs during orgasn1. A1uscl t·s th,u,,ll't' the cert>ix
inl'(lluntan'l>' ---------r�H---ft�cs�-..-.-
.Musd £'S that nmtract cmd
expand the· arms
Aluscl es that encircle atrd gnp
the ''agitta ----------+���=-J! A.fr4scl es that cont ract and
expa nd the 11aginal orifice
In many men and won1en, the sexual muscles are weakened
by chronic tension or atrophied through disuse. As a result, the
pleasure these individuals get from sex is reduced and they may
face more serious problems, such as urinary incontinence, hemor
rhoids, lower back pain, displacement of the uterus or bladder,
and painful intercourse. CINNABAR fiELD MASSAGE
The ancients used this exercise to invigorate the cinnabar field,
the fountainhead of chi, and to stimulate the digestive organs. It is
a favorite therapeutic self-massage for both men and women. The exercise is done either lying on the back or standing. Un
cover the front torso. Relax the abdominal and chest muscles. In
cool weather rub the palms together vigorously for several sec
onds, until they are warm, to avoid chilling the cinnabar field;
warm palms facilitate the circulation of chi. Put the right palm on
the cinnabar field (between navel and pubic hair


,
but they referred me to a list  of about thirty names that
they sa id were persons essential to their investigation. The ent ire executive managem ent team from the original
Medical Manager Corporation was on the list, as were
Marty, the attorney Jim Mercer, and some top people
from WebMD’ s corporate accounting. My mouth must
have been agape as I looked at the list. But there were
also a few oth er names that really floored me, like the
senior auditor from the highly respected public
accounting fir m we had used for Medical Manager
Corporation. I was taking everything in very calmly, but
my mind was spinning trying to find clues about what
was behind all of this. It w as actually the presence  of one name on the list
that first caught my attention. The name was Pat
Sedlacek. Unlike everyone else on the list, this person
was nei ther part of our execu tive team nor part of legal
or accounting. Pat worked on the dealer acquisition
team, which was run by B obby Davids, our VP of
acquisitions. Bobby had come into the company at the
time of the 199 7 initial public offering, along with John
Sessions, our chief operations officer; and David Ward,
our VP of sales. I would hardly have recognized Pat’s
name out of our twenty-three hundred division
employees, except that we were currently in the process
of investigating him for taking kickbacks from some of
the dealers. That investigation had begun in late 2002
and by  early 2003 had included Bobby Davids and acouple of other employe es. WebMD’s corporate
attorneys, with the help of outside counsel, were
handling the matter. We had already fired the people
involved and sued them in a Tampa court in order to
obtain subpoena power and freeze Bobby’s and Pat’s
assets. As our investigation went on, we were finding more
and more incidents of Bobby and/or Pat arranging
kickbacks from  the dealers they were acquiring. The
subpoenas we obtained of their bank accounts had
revealed an intricate network  of shell companies Bobby
had been using to hide the money. The investigators
were ab le to trace the funds coming in and going out of
these accounts to see who w as involved in the money
trail. Pat had already begun  to cooperate, and it was
obvious that Bobby Davids was the ringleader. By the
time of the raid, we had traced millions of dollars, and it
was still an ongoing investigation. With both Pat’s and
Bobby’s names  on the list, and the search warrant listing
more th an a hundred of our dealer acquisitions, it was
likely that these raids were somehow related to what
Bobby had been doing. But his kickback schemes
involved only  four or five employees, and our
investigation of the matter was being dealt with in the
open. Why couldn’t the government just talk to the
investigating a ttorneys? Wh y a sneak-attack raid in
Alachua, Tamp a, and New Jersey when everything was
readily available? I was finally able to get Charlie, WebMD’s general
counsel, on my cell phone. He confirmed that they had
been ra ided by the FBI at WebMD’s headquarters in New
Jersey, and he was as much i n the dark as I was. He also
suspected that this might be associated with the illegal
activity Bobby  Davids had been involved in. We
discussed the possibility that Bobby had tried to strike a
deal by telling the government that all the executives
were involved in his kickback s. If so, it didn’t seem likelythat his  story would hold up given all the hard evidence
we had of his bank accounts and cancelled checks. Charlie said that we would get more clarification over the
next few days; in the meant ime, we were to cooperate
fully with the agents. A sense  of total peace came over me and pretty much
remained there  the entire day. It was so thick it felt like a
protective blan ket. I was no t concerned in the least. I
knew I had not  done anything wrong, and therefore they
were no t going to find anyt hing. If this was a case of
Bobby lying to try to save hi s neck, the evidence would
clearly reveal the truth. I w anted to make sure I was
present enough to fully take in this extraordinary
experience. It’s not every day that the FBI shows up and
raids your place for absolutely no apparent reason. My und erstanding is that nationwide more than fifty
government agents were involved in the raid. They took
the enti re day,  and by the time they were done, they left
with pretty much everything. My desk was cleared of
every single scrap of paper. All my file cabinets were
empty, as were all those of m y executive assistant, Sandy
Plumb. All legal fil es were  removed from Lisa’s office and
from the legal filing rooms. My conference room table
used to have stacks of file folders piled up that were
actively being used to run t he business. They were all
gone with no w ay to re-create them. And it was not just
the paper documents that were being taken; agents were
also making mirror images of all our computer disk
drives, both the desktops and the servers. The day progressed pretty much without my input. I
used m y time to work on remaining completely
comfortable with the radical situation life had stuck me
in. Ther e was really no reaso n to be thinking about why
this was happening or how it  would turn out. Since I had
absolutely no idea what was going on, thinking about it
wasn’t g oing to  help. Instead, I enjoyed spending my day
letting go of wh atever that voice in my head was trying tosay and  deeply relaxing whenever my heart began to feel
anxious. In this situation, sur render was not an option; it
was only sane thing to do. When I left that evening, I sought out the lead agents. I
thanked them for being so c ordial and told them that I
wished we could have met under better circumstances. To m e, they we re just people doing their jobs to the best
of their ability—it certainly wasn’t their fault. When the sun set on September 3, 2003, nationwide,
the gov ernment had taken 1.2 million e-mail messages,
1,500 b oxes of files containin g more than 3 million pages
of documents, and 830,000 computer files. This was,
indeed, a day that would live in infamy.5 1. A t t o r n e y s,  A t t o r n e y s,  a n d  M o r e
A t t o r n e y s
T he next  morning I got a preview of what my life was
going to be like for a while. The headlines of the
Gainesville Sun  r ead, “FBI Raids Alachu a Medical
Manager Offices.” Underneath was my picture next to
the story heading, “Wall Street Halts the Trading of
WebMD Stock Just Before Noon.” I knew it didn’t make
any difference  that I hadn’t done anything and that I
didn’t even know what the raid was all about—I was
headline news. I had never been publicly disgraced
before, and I noticed that it definitely stirred up the
psyche. That voice inside my head kept wanting to
explain that this had nothing  to do with me. There was
certainly no lack of people wa nting to hear what I had to
say. Media outlets from all over the country, including
the Wall Street Journal  and New York Times,  were
trying to reach me for a comment. Fortunately, I knew better. I had spent all these years
quieting down  that mental vo ice, and I had learned that
listening to it only fuels the fire. I knew how powerful it
was to simply relax and release past that urge to defend
oneself. I resolved to only discuss the matter when
absolutely necessary. Otherwise, I would just go about
my bus iness as usual. I hadn’t done anything wrong, so
why should I le t this affect me? Over time it would work
itself ou t. In the meantime, I was not going to let it steal
the great peace and joy I felt deep inside. Right from the
beginning, I resolved to use the whole situation to finally
free my self fro m whatever was left of that scared personinside who had always held me back. This was my entire
journey—liberation at any cost. We had a conference call with the corporate attorneys
first thing in the morning. No one could make sense of
what had happened. Regardless, the first order of
business was to hire an attorney. Well, not exactly an
attorney—separate law firms to represent both the
company and the board of directors, and a criminal
attorney for everyone whose name was on the list. I
could see that the corporate attorneys were taking this
very ser iously. They explaine d that it didn’t matter if you
were as clean as a whistle; a raid of this magnitude
foreshadowed major problems, and everyone needed
legal representation. That meant at least twenty
attorneys. I soon found


	University	Dr.	Campbell	is
the	Einstein	of	nutrition. The	China	Study
	is	based	on	hardcore	scientific
research,	not	the	rank	speculation	of	a	Zone,	Atkins,	SugarBusters	or	any
other	current	fad. Dr.	Campbell	lays	out	his	lifetime	of	research	in	an
accessible,	entertaining	way. Read	this	book	and	you	will	know	why.”
—J
EFF
	N
ELSON
,	President
VegSource.com	(most	visited	food	Web	site	in	the	world)
“If	you’re	looking	to	enhance	your	health,	performance	and	your	success	read
The	China	Study
	immediately. Finally,	scientifically	valid	guidance	on	how
much	protein	we	need	and	where	we	should	get	it. The	impact	of	these
findings	is	enormous.”
—-J
OHN
	A
LLEN
	M
OLLENHAUER
,	Founder
MyTrainer.com	and	NutrientRich.comThe	China	StudyTHE
China	Study
The	Most	Comprehensive	Study	of	Nutrition	Ever
Conducted	and	the	Startling	Implications	for	Diet,
Weight	Loss	and	Long-term	Health
T.	Colin	Campbell,	Ph.D.
WITH
	Thomas	M.	Campbell	II,	MD
Nothing	written	in	this	book	should	be	viewed	as	a	substitute	for	competent
medical	care. Also,	you	should	not	undertake	any	changes	in	diet	or	exercise
patterns	without	first	consulting	your	physician,	especially	if	you	are	currently
being	treated	for	any	risk	factor	related	to	heart	disease,	high	blood	pressure
or	adult-onset	diabetes. Copyright	©	2006	by	T.	Colin	Campbell,	Ph.D.,	and	Thomas	M.	Campbell	II,
MD
First	BenBella	Books	Paperback	Edition	2006
All	rights	reserved. No	part	of	this	book	may	be	used	or	reproduced	in	any
manner	whatsoever	without	written	permission	except	in	the	case	of	brief
quotations	embodied	in	critical	articles	or	reviews. BenBella	Books,	Inc.
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Printed	in	the	United	States	of	America	29
ISBN	978-1932100-66-2
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The	Library	of	Congress	has	cataloged	the	hardcover	edition	as	follows:
Campbell,	T.	Colin,	1934-
The	China	study	:	the	most	comprehensive	study	of	nutrition	ever
conducted	and	the	startling	implications	for	diet,	weight	loss,	and	long-
term	health	/	by	T.	Colin	Campbell	and	Thomas	M.	Campbell	II. p.	cm. ISBN	978-1932100-66-2
1. Nutrition. 2. Nutritionally	induced	diseases. 3. Diet	in	disease.I. Campbell,	Thomas	M.	II. Title. RA784.C235	2004
613.2—dc22
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3628.To	Karen	Campbell,	whose	incredible	love	and	caring	made	this
book	possible. ____________
And	to	Thomas	Mcllwain	Campbell	and	Betty	DeMott	Campbell	for
their	incredible	gifts.Acknowledgements
This	book,	from	its	original	conception	to	its	final	form,	was	in	the	making
for	many	years. But	it	was	the	last	three	that	gave	the	book	form. And	this
happened	because	Karen,	my	lifelong	love	and	wife	of	forty-three	years,
made	it	so. I	wanted	to	do	it,	but	she	wanted	it	even	more. She	said	it	had	to
be	done	for	the	children	of	the	world. She	cajoled,	she	pushed	and	she	insisted
that	we	keep	our	nose	to	the	grindstone. She	read	every	word,	those	kept	and
those	discarded—some	several	times. Most	importantly,	Karen	first	suggested	that	I	work	with	Tom,	the
youngest	of	our	five	children. His	writing	skills,	his	persistence	in	keeping
integrity	with	the	message	and	his	exceptionally	quick	learning	of	the	subject
matter	made	the	project	possible. He	wrote	several	chapters	in	this	book
himself	and	rewrote	many	more,	bringing	clarity	to	my	message. And	our	other	children	(Nelson—and	wife	Kim,	LeAnne,	Keith,	Dan)	and
grandchildren	(Whitney,	Colin,	Steven,	Nelson,	Laura)	could	not	have	been
more	encouraging. Their	love	and	support	cannot	be	measured	in	mere	words. I	also	am	indebted	to	another	family	of	mine:	my	many	undergraduate
honors	students,	post-graduate	doctoral	students,	post-doctoral	research
associates	and	my	fellow	professorial	colleagues	who	worked	in	my	research
group	and	who	were	the	gems	of	my	career. Regretfully,	I	could	only	cite	in
this	book	a	small	sample	of	their	findings,	but	far,	far	more	could	have	been
included. Yet	more	friends,	associates	and	family	contributed	mightily,	through	their
meticulous	reading	of	various	versions	of	the	manuscript	and	their	detailed
feedback. Alphabetically,	they	included	Nelson	Campbell,	Ron	Campbell,
Kent	Carroll,	Antonia	Demas,	Mark	Epstein,	John	and	Martha	Ferger,
Kimberly	Kathan,	Doug	Lisle,	John	Robbins,	Paul	Sontrop	and	Glenn
Yeffeth. Advice,	support	and	generous	help	also	came	in	many	other	forms
from	Neal	Barnard,	Jodi	Blanco,	Junshi	Chen,	Robert	Goodland,	Michael
Jacobson,	Ted	Lange,	Howard	Lyman,
Bob	Mecoy,	John	Allen	Mollenhauer,
Jeff	Nelson,	Sushma	Palmer,	Jeff	Prince,	Frank	Rhodes,	Bob	Richardson	andKathy	Ward. Of	course,	I	am	grateful	to	all	those	at	BenBella	Books,	including	Glenn
Yeffeth,	Shanna	Caughey	Meghan	Kuckelman,	Laura	Watkins	and	Leah
Wilson	for	turning	a	messy	Word	document	into	the	book	you	now	have. In
addition,	Kent	Carroll	added	professionalism,	understanding	and	a	clear
vision	with	his	valuable	editing	work. The	heart	of	this	book	is	the	China	Study	itself. It	was	not	the	whole	story,
of	course,	but	it	was	the	“tipping	point”	in	the	development	of	my	ideas. The
actual	study	in	China	could	not	have	happened	without	the	extraordinary
leadership	and	dedicated	hard	work	of	Junshi	Chen	and	Li	Junyao	in	Beijing,
Sir	Richard	Peto	and	Jillian	Boreham	at	the	University	of	Oxford	in	England,
and	Linda	Youngman,	Martin	Root	and	Banoo	Parpia	in	my	own	group	at
Cornell. Dr.	Chen	directed	more	than	200	professional	workers	as	they	carried
out	the	nationwide	study	in	China. His	professional	and	personal
characteristics	have	been	an	inspiration	to	me;	it	is	h


led	the	virtues	of	the	high-fat,	high-meat	American	diet	and	basically
confirmed	that	all	was	well	with	how	America	was	eating. From	a	scientific	point	of	view,	the	message	was	a	doozy. I	remember	one
exchange	where	Tom	Brokaw	asked	about	fast	food,	and	Olson	confidently
stated	that	McDonald’s	hamburgers	were	fine. With	millions	of	viewers
watching	this	“expert”	praise	the	health	value	of	McDonald’s	hamburgers,	it’s
no	wonder	that	consumers	around	the	country	were	confused. Only	a	handful
of	insiders	could	possibly	know	that	his	views	did	not	even	come	close	to
reflecting	the	best	understanding	of	the	science	at	the	time.THE	SECOND	MEETING
We	were	back	for	round	two	in	Atlantic	City	at	our	annual	meeting	in	late
spring	of	1981. From	our	correspondence	over	the	past	year,	the	committee
already	had	an	informal	agenda	in	place. First,	we	were	to	establish	the
proposition	that	nutrition	scams	were	eroding	the	public’s	trust	in	the	nutrition
research	community. Second,	we	needed	to	publicize	the	idea	that	advocating
more	vegetable	and	fruit	consumption	and	less	meat	and	high-fat	foods	was,
itself,	a	scam. Third,	we	intended	to	position	our	committee	as	a	permanent,
standing	organization. Up	to	this	point,	our	group	had	only	served	in	a
temporary	capacity,	as	an	exploratory	committee. Now	it	was	time	to	get	on
with	our	job	of	becoming	the	permanent,	principle	source	of	reliable	nutrition
information	in	the	U.S. Within	the	first	few	days	of	arriving	at	the	convention,	a	fellow	member	of
the	committee,	Howard	Applebaum,	told	me	of	the	developing
gossip. “Did
you	hear?”	he	whispered. “Olson’s	decided	that	they’re	going	to	reconstitute
the	committee	and	you	are	going	to	be	removed.”	At	that	time,	Olson	was	still
serving	his	one-year	term	as	president	of	the	parent	society,	the	American
Institute	of	Nutrition,	and	had	the	power	to	do	such	things. I	remember	thinking	that	this	news	was	neither	surprising	nor
disappointing. I	knew	I	was	the	black	sheep	of	the	committee	and	had	already
stepped	out	of	line	at	our	inaugural	meeting	the	previous	year. My	continued
involvement	in	this	particular	group	was	going	to	amount	to	nothing	more
than	trying	to	swim	up	Niagara	Falls. The	only	reason	I	was	involved	in	the
first	place	was	because	the	director	of	the	public	affairs	office	at	the	FASEB
had	secured	me	the	spot. I	had	thought	the	first	year’s	committee	meeting	was	dubious,	but	I	ran
into	an	even	more	bizarre	beginning	at	that	second	meeting	a	year	later,
before	Olson	had	the	chance	to	remove	me. When	the	proposal	to	become	a
permanent	organization	within	our	society	was	put	forth,	I	was	the	only	one	to
challenge	the	idea. I	expressed	concern	that	this	committee	and	its	activities
reeked	of	McCarthyism,	which	had	no	place	in	a	scientific	research	society. What	I	was	saying	made	the	chair	of	the	committee	intensely	angry	and
physically	hostile,	and	I	decided	it	was	best	to	just	leave	the	room. I	was
clearly	a	threat	to	everything	the	committee	members	wanted	to	achieve. After	relating	the	whole	ordeal	to	the	newly-elected	incoming	president	of
the	society,	Professor	Doris	Calloway	of	UC	Berkeley,	the	committee	was
abolished	and	reformed,	with	me	as	the	chair. Fortunately,	I	persuaded	our
six-member	committee	to	disband	after	less	than	a	year,	and	the	whole	sorry
affair	came	to	an	end.To	stay	and	“fight	the	good	fight,”	so	to	speak,	was	not	an	option. It	was
early	in	my	career	and	the	awesome	power	wielded	by	the	seniors	in	my
society	was	stark	and	intellectually	brutal. For	many	of	these	characters,
searching	for	a	truth	that	promoted	public	health	over	the	status	quo	was	not
an	option. I	am	absolutely	convinced	that	had	I	busied	myself	with	tackling
these	issues	so	early	in	my	career,	I	would	not	be	writing	this	book. Research
funding	and	publications	would	have	been	difficult	if	not	impossible	to
obtain. Meanwhile,	Bob	Olson	and	some	of	his	colleagues	turned	their	attention
elsewhere,	focusing	on	a	relatively	new	organization	founded	in	1978	called
the	American	Council	on	Science	and	Health	(ACSH). Headquartered	in	New
York	City,	the	ACSH	bills	itself,	still	today,	as	a
“consumer	education
consortium	concerned	with	issues	related	to	food,	nutrition,	chemicals,
pharmaceuticals,	lifestyle,	the	environment	and	health.”	The	group	also
claims	to	be	an	“independent,	nonprofit,	tax-exempt	organization,”
6
	but	they
receive	76%	of	their	funding	from	corporations	and	corporate	donors,
according	to	the	National	Environmental	Trust	who	cite	the	Congressional
Quarterly’s	Public	Interest	Profiles. 7
According	to	the	National	Environmental	Trust,
7
	the	ACSH	has	claimed,
in	their	reports,	that	cholesterol	is	not	related	to	coronary	heart	disease,	“the
unpopularity	of	food	irradiation	…	is	not	based	in	science,”	“endocrine
disruptors”	(e.g.,	PCBs,	dioxins,	etc.) are	not	a	human	health	problem,
saccharin	is	not	carcinogenic	and	implementation	of	fossil-fuel	restrictions	to
control	global	warming	should	not	be	implemented. Searching	for	a	serious
critique	of	the	food	industry	from	the	ACSH	is	like	searching	for	a	needle	in	a
haystack. Although	I	believe	that	some	of	their	arguments	may	have	merit,	I
seriously	question	their	claim	to	be	an	objective	broker	of	“consumer
education.”FALLING	ON	MY	PETARD
During	the	entire	experience	with	the	Public	Nutrition	Information
Committee,	I	continued	to	work	on	the	National	Academy	of	Sciences	report
on	diet,	nutrition	and	cancer,	which	was	released	in	June	1982. 4
	As	might
have	been	expected,	when	this	report	was	published	all	hell	broke	loose. Being	the	first	such	report	on	diet	and	cancer,	it	received	extensive	publicity,
fast	becoming	the	most	sought-after	report	in	NAS	history. It	was	establishing
high-profile	goals	for	the	dietary	prevention	of	cancer	which	were	very
similar	to	those	of	the	1976	McGovern	Committee	report	on	diet	and	heart
disease. Principally,	we	were	encouraging	the	consumption	of	fruits,
vegetables	and	whole	grain	cereal	products,	while	decreasing	total	fat	intake. The	fact	that	this	report	was	concerned	with	cancer	instead	of	heart	disease,
however,	elevated	emotions. The	stakes	were	high	and	getting	higher;	cancer
incites	a	far	greater	fear	than	heart	disease. Given	the	stakes,	some	powerful	enemies	came	out	of	the	woodwork. Within	two	weeks,	the	Council	on	Agriculture,	Science	and	Technology
(CAST),	an	influential	lobbying	group	for	the	livestock-based	farming
industry,	produced	a	report	summarizing	the	views	of	fifty-six	“experts”	who
were	concerned	about	the	effect	of


 used in cooking fats, free fatty acids develop which are not only difficult to digest, but
are in some cases definitely poisonous. When vegetable oils
undergo the process of boiling or frying the toxic irritant
known as acrolein is produced. In this connection it may be
pointed out that acrolein has often been described as a possible cause of cancer. Its name may be found in most
medical lists of possible dietary carcinogens. T
ARS
   The formation of tars cannot be overlooked in considering
the chemical effects of cooking. Tars are found in smoke and
soot, and they form in any organic compound which is subjected to great heat over a sufficient period of time. Meat,
eggs, potatoes, toast, and other foods which are scorched by
heat until black forms on the outside may contain tar. Roasted
coffee and coffee substitutes derive their flavor from the tars
which form when the coffee beans or cereal grains are roasted. It has long been known that sufficient exposure to the tars
found in soot and smoke tends to cause cancer. The heavy
consumption of tars found in certain cooked foods may be no
less irritating and no less cancer-causing. Dr. Angel Roffo described the physical characteristics of tars obtained from
roasted coffee beans as the same as those obtained from
tobacco. He also found that both were carcinogenic when
given to experimental animals. Thus the consumption of tars
in certain roasted and over-heated foods ranks as a possible
cause of cancer and other diseases in modern life. A
DDITIONAL CHEMICAL CHANGES
   Many food factors other than those already mentioned may
be impaired or lost in the presence of heat. Starch is partly
hydrolyzed by heat, and the soluble sugars and dextrin of
foods are polymerized to some extent. Peptic substances are
also affected and undergo dissolution during the cooking
process. The "anti-lameness" chemical of raw cream, discovered by Wulzen and Wagtendonk of Oregon State
College, is known to be destroyed by either boiling or
pasteurization. The "filtrate-f actor" of certain vegetables,
which controls the aging process of the body, is reported by
Morgan and Simms to be easily lost when vegetables are boiled. Certain hormones, including those from the adrenal
cortex, which have been successfully used in improving
animal health, are thermolabile and are destroyed at the
relatively moderate temperature used in pasteurizing milk. Other activating substances which may exist in food but have not yet been chemically isolated and studied may or may not
undergo deterioration in the cooking process. It may be that simply altering the physico-chemical state of
food through the use of heat is sufficient to account for
certain adverse effects resulting from using the food. It is known that the toleration point of both minerals and vitamins
as are normally found in uncooked foods is much higher than
is the case when these nutritive factors are given in purified
form. The use of purified minerals and synthetic vitamins
shows this quite clearly. Minerals and vitamins must be found in an organic combination with other food nutrients if they
are to be used efficiently by the body. With rare exceptions
we must rely on the plant to synthesize the minerals of the
earth into combinations which are entirely non-toxic. Such
combinations remain non-toxic when transferred to the animal as milk, eggs, or flesh. However, in the presence of
heat certain nutrients are destroyed and hence the delicate
chemical balance is altered. It is known that in the case of
proteins the modification of the com plex structure renders some of the protein factors useless to the body. Even when
calcium is not lost in the presence of heat it is often rendered
less assimilable, as has often been pointed out by nutritionists
in connection with pasteurization of milk. It is hence possible that many other minerals, and perhaps vitamins and other
factors, may also be rendered either useless or toxic to the
body, as the complex chemical combinations are broken
down by heat. Evidence of this is seen by the fact that leukocytosis, an
increase in the number of white corpuscles of the blood,
follows the exclusive consumption of cooked foods. Biologists have called this "digestive leukocytosis" and
consider it a normal reaction to the digestive process. However, Dr. Paul Kouchakoff, of the Institute of Clinical
Chemistry in Lausanne, Switzerland, conducted some 300
detailed experiments which indicated that leukocytosis was the specific effect of eating heat-processed foods and never
occurred after a meal of raw food. Reporting at the First
International Congress of Microbiology at Paris in 1930, Dr. Kouchakoff pointed out that temporary leukocytosis followed
the consumption of foods heated about 83-87 degrees C. If certain types of raw food were added to the cooked meal,
leukocytosis would be prevented, though when foods were
heated above 100 degrees C., no amount of raw foods would
prevent the condition. Likewise, when heat-processed foods
which had also been subjected to complex manufacturing processes were consumed, leukocytosis was unavoidable. In
this case, not only did the white corpuscles increase in
number, but the correlation of numbers between the different
kinds of white corpuscles was altered. In medicine, an increase in the number of white corpuscles
in the blood, together with disturbances in the percentages of
different kinds of white corpuscles, is known to indicate that
some kind of disease process is going on in our body. In time
of infectious illness, or when harmful extraneous substances
are introduced into our system, these changes in white corpuscle development always take place. We have reason to
believe that the "digestive leukocytosis" following the
consumption of cooked food is indicative that chemicals or
chemical combinations in food may become toxic and
harmful under the influence of heat, with the degree of toxicity dependent upon the temperature at which the food is
cooked. The European nutritionist, Prof. Ziegelmayer, well
illustrates the total biochemical changes that heat produces in
food in these words: "It is certain that cooking alters the
colloidal state of food: it decom
poses hi ghly molecular compounds, it alters the structure and surface tension of
molecules, the degree of dispersity, the osmotic tension, the
degree of dilution, the course colloid molecular and dispersed
statuses, the water binding capacity and the hydrophobe qualities of the colloids, it alters the viscosity and reduces the
falling gradient of energy. The uncooked state secures the
maintenance of some food substances, prevents alterations of
the proteins, preserves the original mineral salts in their
optimum concentration. The more the food energies are maintained in their intimate compound and correlation, the
greater the total effect and the higher the efficiency. " It is clear that all heat-processed foods undergo important
changes in chemical composition. They lose a part of their
mineral and vitamin content; their proteins are partly
destroyed and rendered less di gestible and nutritious; their
fats become less digestible and assimilable and sometimes become toxic. The starches and sugars are altered to some
degree. The foods lose all of their enzymes, their "filtrate
factors" and "anti-lameness" chemicals; their organic
combinations of minerals and catalytic agents are broken
down and altered, and some may become toxic. The complete chemical reaction to the cooking process covers considerable
scope, as may be seen, and it is of definite importance in the
science of nutrition, determining to some extent the value of
practically all known foodstuffs. 3
RAW FOOD IN PHYSICAL
STRUCTURE
COOKING INDUCES a rapid change in the physical state of all
foods. The degree of change is dependent upon the amount of
heat that is applied and its duration of process. The heat tends
to soften the food and break down the rough cellulose
material into a soft bulk. In so doing it renders certain foods
edible and more palatable, though not necessarily more appropriate as nourishment. The change in physical structure
of foods resulting from heat has an important effect upon the
teeth and gums, as well as upon digestion, assimilation, and
the rate of food movement through the intestinal tract. As
such it may have a definite effect upon the condition of human health. F
OOD, TEETH, AND GUMS
   It is believed that the buffer action of the cellulose of raw
plant foods tends to prevent erosion of dental enamel. In
experiments conducted by Carey Miller at the Agricultural
Experiment Station at the University of Hawaii, it was shown
that sweetened whole fruits, including grapefruit, guavas,
plums, mangos, and pineapples, had only slight erosive effects upon the dental enamel of rats which consumed the
fruits. When the cellulose was removed from the fruits
through the process of juicing, with the juices then given to the animals, the erosive effe ct was increased three to
seventeen fold. Experiments at other experiment stations also
reveal the erosive effects of sweetened fruit juices upon
dental enamel, especially when the juices are canned or
otherwise heat-processed. The fact that this is almost entirely prevented when the whole fruits are consumed in their raw
state is considered evidence that the physical contact between
the teeth and the raw cellulose acts as a buffer and prevents
dental erosion. The decay of teeth, as distinct from erosion,


 be had and old age and death can be deferred only as long as body wastes are kept at a minimum an d
fresh, vital material of the first order is supplied for growth and repair of the body. Colonic cleanliness is of tremendous
importance to general health. When the colon be -comes polluted with stagnating waste and its tissue becomes damaged by
abrasions and infective ulcerations, the end products of poor digestion, lowered metabolism and putrefactive fermentation waste
find easy entrance into the blood, lymph and other body fluids. Beside the morbid conditions already mentioned, one must
consider the comm on and in -creasing prevalence of diseases of the colon, sigmoid flexure, rectum and anus; diverticulitis, colitis,
hemorrhoids, fistulae, fissures and malignancies. These diseases are so serious and are becoming so prevalent that they have
created an army of rectal surgeons, colonic irrigators, etc. COLONIC EXPERIENCE
The benefits of colonic therapy were introduced to me by Dr. George E. Crowie of Los Angeles, California. He believes that th e
colon is the most important organ of the human body. The sanitar y and active conditions of the colon predispose the body to good
health. It was years ago that I went to New York and took up special work with a colonic specialist who had written a book
showing that he had put the colon tube completely up the descending colon across the transverse colon, down the ascending colon
and had it touching the appendix. I saw this in X -rays and felt as though I would like to study with this man in some of the colonic
work he was giving. He had me do a good deal of this colonic wo rk over a period of a month in his office and I noticed that people
who ate certain kinds of food always had a certain kind of a bowel movement. Those who had the natural fiber foods in the bow el
always had a well -formed stool and it seemed to pass along f airly well. However, there were very few well or healthy people who
came in for these colonics. These people were living on “civilized” foods. One of the things we noticed most was that those p eople
who had a lot of bread were the ones who really had the p oorest colon conditions. They were the ones who, when X -rayed, had the
most diverticula. We came to the conclusion that anyone taking bread or any of the refined floured products must use a fiber as
found from vegetables along with it. To this day, we have  followed that program because we saw so many great changes in the
elimination of toxic material by colonics when people used vegetable fillings and plenty of them along with their sandwiches. Today, I believe that no one should eat sandwiches or have any refined carbohydrates of any kind unless they have plenty of fiber
material to move it along. Now in many cases I think if we took the natural cereals and natural materials in the very beginni ng, we
wouldn’t develop many of these colon troubles. Of course,  we can’t tell the average person this, they have to find it out the hard
way. Normal, healthy tissue cannot exist where diverticula exist. We have come to the conclusion that all breadstuffs made of refi ned
flours should be kept out of the body - that means all bread, cakes, pies and Pastry. We teach people to use the four cereals t hat are
so neglected in the diet; millet, rye, yellow cornmeal and brown rice. They must be whole and natural as God gave them to us so
that we might have enough roughage to keep our bowel in good tone. Diverticulosis has increased tremendously and I belie ve that
it is one of the greatest problems for the gastro -intestinal specialist to take care of today. The following clipping is from the Daily News Service, 1981:
CANCER RISK FOR WOMEN
A new study by University of San Francisco medical researchers has re vived a turn -of-the-century idea that toxic substances
produced in the bowel can have damaging health effects. The study’s findings also support recent suggestions of a link betwee n a
diet high in fat and low in fiber and an increased risk of developing br east cancer. The study of 1,481 non -nursing women showed
that those who are severely constipated tend to have abnormal cells in the fluid extracted from their breasts. Such cells hav e been
found in women with breast cancer and, the researchers suggested, m ay indicate that the women face an increased risk of
developing cancer. The cellular abnormalities occurred five times as often in women who moved their bowels fewer than three
times a week than in women who did so more than once a day. Chronic constipatio n is often the result of a diet high in protein,
fat and refined carbohydrates (sugars and refined flour) but low in such fibrous foods as whole grains, fruits and vegetables. In past
years, we have taken care of many chronic cases; we have seen remission through natural means, and it has been through cleansing
of the bowel to which I attribute my success in these cases. We do not take care of any cancer cases, nor do we treat or coun sel
cancer patients. We do, however, advise these people to be under the c are of a medical doctor. The medical doctors are equipped to
take care of these extreme cases; and there are many who are now looking at the wholistic view in caring for the colon. CHAPTER 4
CONSTIPATION
This is a subject that everyone talks about, usuall y experiences, and spends a good deal of money trying to overcome or avoid. Last year, laxative sales were conservatively placed at $350 million. Now that’s a lot of constipation! What’s going on here? Over
70 million Americans suffer from bowel problems. The number 2 cause of death in the United States is cancer. Of these, 100,000
give up their lives every year due to cancer of the colon. Here is a quote from the American Cancer Society, “Evidence in rec ent
years suggests that most bowel cancer is caused b y environmental agents. Some scientists believe that a diet high in beef and/or
low in fiber is the cause.” Colon problems such as colitis, ileitis and diverticulitis affect a conservative number of two mi llion
people. The medical profession reports that “ Despite decades of research in these diseases, their cause and cure for the most part is
still unknown.” Colostomy is a surgical procedure whereby the intestine is severed from the colon due to that organ’s functio nal
breakdown. The colostomized individual  is then faced with the lifetime elimination of feces through an opening in their side into
an attached pouch. There are 100,000 people who undergo this radical approach each year. Needless to say, bowel difficulties such
as autointoxication and constipati on are a growing concern to almost everyone. Out of these two conditions, which are actually
symptoms of an -other problem, come a plethora of evils that are ruinous in their consequences. Constipation is a clogging up of
the large intestine. It occurs in s everal ways. One of these is by a natural building up of the irritated mucus membrane and bowel
wall to such an extent that feces can hardly pass through. One autopsy revealed a colon to be 9 inches in diameter with a pas sage
through it no larger than a pe ncil! The rest was caked up layer upon layer of encrusted fecal material. This accumulation can have
the consistency of truck tire rubber. It’s that hard and black. Another autopsy revealed a stagnant colon to weigh in at an i ncredible
40 pounds! Imagine c arrying around all that morbid accumulated waste. When the bowel is that dirty, it can harbor an amazing variety of very harmful bacteria and parasites. It’s interesting to no te that
worms outrank cancer as man’s deadliest enemy on a world -wide basis! It is estimated that 200 million people are infected by
these intestinal parasites. These worms range in size from microscopic single -celled animals to 20 -ft-long tapeworms! These
parasites kill more people annually than does cancer. One in four people in the  world today is infected by roundworms. The U.S. is
not immune to these parasites, as the number of cases has increased in the past few years. The need for bowel sanitation and
cleanliness has been sadly neglected for some time now. Bowel movements every t wo to three days are considered normal and
acceptable. We of the wholistic, nature -cure professions, know better. Our experiences prove beyond a doubt that poor bowel
condition is the source for many, many disorders in the body. Recently medical researcher s in African countries have had a first -
hand opportunity to verify these beliefs. Both British and South African medical scientists strongly insist that what is usually referred to as “regularity” may be a m atter of
life and death. Insufficient numbers of  bowel movements and too little fiber and bulk in the feces may often explain the existence
of gall bladder disorders, heart problems, varicose veins, appendicitis, clotting in deep veins, hiatal hernia, diverticulosi s, arthritis
and cancer of the colon. T his complete turn -around in medical orientation comes from top -notch surgeons and biochemists. In less
than a century, there has occurred an incredible increase in certain diseases which these researchers have attempted to expla in by
comparing Africans liv ing under tribal conditions and people living under the conditions


 of them may be dominant during a certain stage in your
life. Each modality is appropriate to certain situations. The modalities of awakened doing are acceptance, enjoyment, and
enthusiasm. Each one represents a certain vibrational frequency of
consciousness. Y ou need to be vigilant to make sure that one of them
operates whenever you are engaged in doing anything at all from the
most simple task to the most complex. If you are not in the state of either
acceptance, enjoyment, or enthusiasm, look closely and you will find
that you are creating suf fering for yourself and others. A New Earth
A C C E P T A N C E
Whatever you cannot enjoy doing, you can at least accept that this is
what you have to do. Acceptance means: For now, this is what this
situation, this moment, requires me to do, and so I do it willingly. W e
already spoke at length about the importance of inner acceptance of what
happens, and acceptance of what you have to do is just another aspect of
it. For example, you probably won't be able to enjoy changing the flat
tire on your car at night in the middle of nowhere and in pouring rain, let
alone be enthusiastic about it, but you can bring acceptance to it. Performing an action in the state of acceptance means you are at peace
while you do it. That peace is a subtle ener gy vibration which then flows
into what you do. On the surface, acceptance looks like a passive state,
but in reality it is active and creative because it brings something entirely
new into this world. That peace, that subtle ener gy vibration, is
consciousness, and one of the ways in which ti enters this world is
through surrendered action, one aspect of which is acceptance. If you can neither enjoy or bring acceptance to what you do stop. Otherwise, you are not taking responsibility for the only thing you can
really take responsibility for, which also happens to be one thing that
really matters: your state of consciousness. And if you are not taking
responsibility for your state of consciousness, you are not taking
responsibility for life. A New Earth
E N J O Y M E N T
The peace that comes with surrendered action turns to a sense of
aliveness when you actually enjoy what you are doing. Enjoyment is the
second modality of awakened doing. On the new earth, enjoyment will
replace wanting as the motivating power behind people's actions. W anting arises from the ego's delusion that you are a separate fragment
that is disconnected from the power that lies behind all creation. Through
enjoyment, you link into that universal creative power itself. When you make the present moment, instead of past and future, the focal
point of your life, your ability to enjoy what you do and with it the
quality of your life increases dramatically. Joy is the dynamic aspect of
Being. When the creative power of the universe becomes conscious of
itself, it manifests as joy. Y ou don't have to wait for something
meaningful to come into your life so that you can finally enjoy what you
do. There is more meaning in joy than you will ever need. The waiting to
start living syndrome is one of the most common delusions of the
unconscious state. Expansion and positive change on the outer level is
much more likely to come into your life if you can enjoy what you are
doing already, instead of waiting for some change so that you can start
enjoying what you do. Don't ask your mind for permission to enjoy what you do. All you will
get is plenty of reasons why you can't enjoy it. Not now, the mind will
say. Can't you see I'm busy. There's no time. Maybe tomorrow you can
start enjoying. That tomorrow will never come unless you begin
enjoying what you are doing now. When you say, I enjoy doing this or that, it is really a misperception. It
makes it appear that the joy comes from what you do, but that is not the
case. Joy does not come from what you do, it flows into what you do and
thus into this world from deep within you. The misperception that joy
comes from what you do is normal, and it is also dangerous, because it
creates the belief that joy is something that can be derived formsomething else, such as an activity or thing. Y ou then look to the world
to bring you joy, happiness. But it cannot do that. This is why many
people live in constant frustration. The world is not giving them what
they think they need. Then what is the relationship between something that you do and the
state of joy. Y ou will enjoy any activity in which you are fully present,
any activity that is not just a means to an end. It isn't the action you
perform that you really enjoy, but the deep sense of aliveness that flows
into it. That aliveness is one with who you are. This means that when
you enjoy doing something, you are really experiencing the joy of Being
in its dynamic
aspect. That's why anything you enjoy doing connects you with the
power behind all creation. Here is a spiritual practice that will bring empowerment and creative
expansion into your life. Make a list of a number of everyday routine
activities that you perform frequently. Include activities hat you may
consider uninteresting, boring, tedious, irritating, or stressful. But don't
include anything that you hate or detest doing. That's a case either for
acceptance or for stopping what you do. The list may include traveling to
and from work, buying groceries, doing your laundry, or anything that
you find tedious or stressful in your daily work. Then, whenever you are
engaged in those activities, let hem be a vehicle for alertness. Be
absolutely present in what you do and sense the alert, alive stillness
within you in the background of the activity. Y ou will soon find that what
you do in such a state of heightened awareness, instead of being
stressful, tedious, or irritating, is actually becoming enjoyable. T o be
more precise, what you are enjoying is not really the outward action but
the inner dimension of consciousness hat flows into the action. This is
finding the joy of Being in what you are doing. If you feel your life lacks
significance or is too stressful or tedious, it is because you haven't
brought that dimension into your life yet. Being conscious in what you
do has not yet become your main aim. The new earth arises as more and more people discover that their main
purpose in life is to bring the light of consciousness into this world and
so use whatever they do as a vehicle for consciousness. The joy of Being is the joy of being conscious. A wakened consciousness then takes over from ego and begins to run
your life. Y ou may then find that an activity that you have been engaged
in for a long time naturally begins to expand into something much bigger
when it becomes empowered by consciousness. Some of those people who, through creative action, enrich the lives of
many others simply do what they enjoy doing most without wanting to
achieve or become anything through that activity. They may be
musicians, artists, writers, scientists, teachers, or builders, or they may
bring into manifestation new social or business structures (enlightened
businesses). Sometimes for a few years their sphere of influence remains
small; and then
it can happen that suddenly or gradually a wave of creative
empowerment flows into what they do, and their activity expands
beyond anything they could have imagined and touches countless others. In addition to enjoyment, an intensity is now added to what they do and
with it comes a creativity that goes beyond anything an ordinary human
could accomplish. But don't let it go to your head, because up there is where a remnant of
ego may be hiding. Y ou are still an ordinary human. What is
extraordinary is what comes through you into this world. But that
essence you share with all beings. The fourteenth. century Persian poet
and Sufi master Hafiz expresses this truth beautifully: I am a hole in a
flute that the Christ's breath moves through. Listen to this music. A New Earth
E N T H U S I A S M
Then there is another way of creative manifestation that may come to
those who remain true to their inner purpose of awakening. Suddenly one
day they know what their outer purpose is. They have a great vision, a
goal, and from then on they work toward implementing that goal. Their
goal or vision is usually connected in some way to something that on a
smaller scale they are doing and enjoy doing already. This is where the
third modality of awakened doing arises: enthusiasm. Enthusiasm mans there is deep enjoyment in what you do plus the added
element of a goal or a vision that you work toward. When you add a goal
to the enjoyment of what you do, the ener gy. field or vibrational
frequency changes. A certain degree of what we might call structural
tension is now added to enjoyment, and so it turns into enthusiasm. At
the height of creative activity fueled by enthusiasm, there will be
enormous intensity and ener gy behind what you do. Y ou will feel like an
arrow hat is moving toward the tar get and enjoying the journey. T o an onlooker, it may appear that you are under stress, but the intensity
of enthusiasm has nothing to do with stress. When you want to arrive at
your goal more than you want to be doing what you are doing, you


 elements, sodium and chlorine. A molecule of a salt is an
atom of sodium joined to an atom of chlorine. Both sodium and
chlorine are useful to the body, and sodium is of particular impor-
tance in maintaining normal metabolism of the cells. About one-
third gram of salt is needed each day by the body. This is found
in green vegetables and many other common foods,*in an organic
combination with other minerals, in particular calcium and potas-
sium. In this form salt appears to be non-toxic, and it serves the
body without producing any detrimental side-effects. Common table salt is sodium chloride, in its purified state, in
the absence of any other nutrients as are normally found in food. Its use as a seasoning to foods extends back to the origin of
recorded history, though it was first used only at the tables of
the upper classes. In the Middle Ages its use had spread to most
of the European population, and about 150 years ago it was
manufactured and distributed on a large scale for the first time
in America. Today the substance is used in all nations by all sec-
tions of the earth's civilized population. The average individual
in the United States consumes from lo to 15 grams of salt each
day. Our discussion here concerns the effects of the pure crystalline
product, common table salt. Until a recent era no such discussion
would have been possible, for salt was regarded as essential for
health, without evidence, and investigations which might lead to
other viewpoints had not been made. Today the old viewpoints concerning salt have been proven false in almost every particular,
and medicine has established a new basis for its conclusions on
the subject. However, many of the professional workers in medi-
cine and the other healing arts are yet unaware of present knowl-
edge concerning salt, and the layman is without opinion or he
accepts the unscientific doctrines of the past. Of first consideration is the question: Is salt necessary for the
support of animal life and human life, and a condition of health
associated therewith. Popular conception has long decreed an
affirmative answer. Wild animals are said to make use of salt licks
at frequent intervals. Domestic animals are said to have a desire
for salt, and the substance is provided for many of them. Primi-
tive races are thought to utilize salt at every opportunity. With-
out salt, it is believed, animal and human life must necessarily
suffer, and possibly perish. I
But is this true. In the wild animal kingdom there is very sel-
dom any consumption of salt. The story of salt licks seem to be
as old as history itself, but it has little basis in fact. Salt licks and
outcroppings do exist, but they are not at all prevalent. Men who
have been active the greater portion of their lives as hunters, fish-
ermen, and trappers report that they have never seen a salt lick. It is doubtful that many wild animals see or use them either. In some areas inhabited by wild animals there are absolutely
no salt licks to be found. The deer is one of the few animals
that has been seen at outcroppings of salt. However, many
deer live in regions where no salt exists, and upon capture they
refuse all salt that is offered them. Most other wild animals also
refuse salt when first offered, though a long period of captivity
with salt feeding may alter the animals7 desire for the substance. Among domesticated animals salt is being used and has long
been used, though not because of any expressed animal craving
or because farmers have found it necessary for the animals' health. t The animals do seem to crave salt after they have used it for a
time, but this is not true of the first feedings. The basic purpose
of using the salt is to increase the animals7 weight more rapidly,
which it does very satisfactorily. However, the abnormal increase DANGERS IN MODERN FOODS COMMON SALT
in weight seems to decrease their resistance to disease, and some
ailments among farm animals have been traced to their provisions
of salt. Upon removing these provisions, health tends to improve. When the earth's primitive races were discovered and visited
by Europeans, a few racial groups were found to use moderate to
heavy amounts of salt, but the majority used no salt whatsoever. Some had no knowledge of its existence; others, who lived near
the sea, had easy access to the product, but they did not use it
with their food or in any other way. Dr. Benjamin Rush made a study of American Indian life at the
close of the eighteenth century, and though he found the primi-
tive Indians to be very healthy, he reported that he could not
"find that the Indians used any salt in their diet till they were
instructed to do so by Europeans17 In 1864 Dr. Hoffman wrote
of his experiences with the Indians of the Western plains. Of
these people he reported that "anything they could taste salt in
they would invariably refuse:' and he remarked that even when
hungry they would abstain from foods that had been salted. Yet
he commented upon their magnificent state of health and pointed
out that a "more athletic, hearty, stout and robust class of men
cannot be found in the world than these very Indians:' He stated
that many "of them are over six feet high, others of medium size,
and they will endure more hardship, stand more fatigue, have
better lungs, suffer less from sickness, live longer, on a general
average, than the white race, who have all conveniences17
Many primitive racial groups of the present era, who yet adhere
to the native dietary customs, abstain from salt. Some of the
more primitive Indian groups of Alaska and northern Canada
not only do not use salt but they undertake the most heroic
measures to remove it from commercially prepared salted meat. They soak it overnight in water, then add fresh water and boil
it an hour, later remove the water, then add fresh water and cook
it again, simply to get a salt-free food. The arctic traveler, Vilh-
jalmur Stefansson, has pointed out that the primitive Eskimos
dislike salt and will never use it. On the South Sea Islands many
semi-isolated Polynesian and Melanesian groups get no salt except
I: 8 I that which remains on the fish they consume. In central Africa
, salt is completely unknown by some of the primitive groups. Even in China salt has been a rare item of diet. One has only to
go beyond the bounds of civilization to find that salt is neither
regarded as necessary nor desirable. It should be clear that salt is not essential for the support of
animal or human life. In nature its use is the exception rather
than the general rule. A more important question, however, is
still unanswered: Does the use of salt seriously interfere with
health and cause physical harm. Judging from the superior physi-
cal condition of both wild animals and primitive races living with-
out salt one might suspect that it does, but before drawing any
conclusions therefrom it is necessary to consider more definite
and practical information on the subject, as well as the theoretical
observations involved. Salt seems to have a deleterious effect on the process of diges-
I tion. This was explained as early as 1900 by Linossier, who showed
that the amount of salt consumed at any ordinary meal retarded
protein digestion as much as would a reduction of 40 to 50 per
cent in the amount of pepsin (the digestive ferment necessary to
digest proteins). A further explanation for the digestive impair-
ment may be that, in disguising the flavor of foods, salt hinders
the exact adaption of the digestive juices to the particular food
being eaten. ~;ke other purified minerals, salt has a tendency to raise the
osmotic pressure of the body and interfere with the passage of
solvent through the membrane lining of the blood vessels. As
the tissues are adapted to a specific osmotic pressure at all times,
any factor which tends to raise it above normal, is attracted to
the kidneys for elimination through a process which physiologists
define as "selective excretion17 Large amounts of salt are thus
attracted to the kidneys for elimination. As the kidney tissue
itself appears to be particularly sensitive to salt, in the course of
time it may undergo some damage. Even in the early stages the
normal excretion of water by the kidney cells may be partly in-
hibited. In the latter stages there is occasionally the development COMMON SALT DANGERS IN MODERN FOODS
1
of Bright's disease. Some physicians recognize that salt is a
I
I I significant factor in producing this ailment, and hence they
usually recommend a salt-free diet for all patients so afflicted. As the kidney function becomes impaired through the use of
salt, elimination of the salt is also impaired and some of the
material must then be stored in the body, until it can be elimi-
nated at a more favorable opportunity. As a part of the body's
regulatory apparatus, the body stores toxins and unuseable mate-
rials in its comparatively inactive tissues, such as bone, cartilage, 1
and connective tissue. These tissues, particularly the subcutane-
ous connective tissues, become the site for salt deposits when
~ the substance can no longer be eliminated. The salt is diluted
I
I with the water, the water serving to hold the salt


more on the vast area of the mountain sides than is needed for the relatively small population. The
forests have been jealously guarded because they are so greatly needed to prevent slides of snow
and rocks which might engulf and destroy the villages. The valley has a fine educational system of alternate didactic and practical work. All children are
required to attend school six months of the year and to spend the other six months helping with the
farming and dairying industry in which young and old of both sexes must work. The school system
is under the direct supervision of the Catholic Church, and the work is well done. The girls are also
taught weaving, dyeing and garment making. The manufacture of wool and clothing is the chief
homework for the women in the winter. No trucks nor even horses and wagons, let alone tractors, are available to bear the burdens up
and down the mountain sides. This is all done on human backs for which the hearts of the people
have been made especially strong.7/29/13 Nutrition and Physical Degeneration
gutenberg.net.au/ebooks02/0200251h.html#toc 22/250    We are primarily concerned here with the quality of the teeth and the development of the faces
that are associated with such splendid hearts and unusual physiques. I made studies of both adults
and growing boys and girls, during the summer of 1931, and arranged to have samples of food,
particularly dairy products, sent to me about twice a month, summer and winter. These products
have been tested for their mineral and vitamin contents, particularly the fat-soluble activators. The
samples were found to be high in vitamins and much higher than the average samples of
commercial dairy products in America and Europe, and in the lower areas of Switzerland. Hay is cut for winter feeding of the cattle, and this hay grows rapidly. The hay proved, on
chemical analysis made at my laboratory, to be far above the average in quality for pasturage and
storage grasses. Almost every household has goats or cows or both. In the summer the cattle seek
the higher pasturage lands and follow the retreating snow which leaves the lower valley free for the
harvesting of the hay and rye. The turning of the soil is done by hand, since there are neither plows
nor draft animals to drag the plows, in preparation for the next year's rye crop. A limited amount of
garden stuff is grown, chiefly green foods for summer use. While the cows spend the warm
summer on the verdant knolls and wooded slopes near the glaciers and fields of perpetual snow,
they have a period of high and rich productivity of milk. The milk constitutes an important part of
the summer's harvesting. While the men and boys gather in the hay and rye, the women and
children go in large numbers with the cattle to collect the milk and make and store cheese for the
following winter's use. This cheese contains the natural butter fat and minerals of the splendid milk
and is a virtual storehouse of life for the coming winter. From Dr. Siegen, I learned much about the life and customs of these people. He told me that
they recognize the presence of Divinity in the life-giving qualities of the butter made in June when
the cows have arrived for pasturage near the glaciers. He gathers the people together to thank the
kind Father for the evidence of his Being in the life-giving qualities of butter and cheese made when
the cows eat the grass near the snow line. This worshipful program includes the lighting of a wick in
a bowl of the first butter made after the cows have reached the luscious summer pasturage. This
wick is permitted to burn in a special sanctuary built for the purpose. The natives of the valley are
able to recognize the superior quality of their June butter, and, without knowing exactly why, pay it
due homage. The nutrition of the people of the Loetschental Valley, particularly that of the growing boys and
girls, consists largely of a slice of whole rye bread and a piece of the summer-made cheese (about
as large as the slice of bread), which are eaten with fresh milk of goats or cows. Meat is eaten
about once a week. In the light of our newer knowledge of activating substances, including
vitamins, and the relative values of food for supplying minerals for body building, it is clear why
they have healthy bodies and sound teeth. The average total fat-soluble activator and mineral
intake of calcium and phosphorus of these children would far exceed that of the daily intake of the
average American child. The sturdiness of the child life permits children to play and frolic
bareheaded and barefooted even in water running down from the glacier in the late evening's chilly
breezes, in weather that made us wear our overcoats and gloves and button our collars. Of all the
children in the valley still using the primitive diet of whole rye bread and dairy products the average
number of cavities per person was 0.3. On an average it was necessary to examine three persons
to find one defective deciduous or permanent tooth. The children examined were between seven
and sixteen years of age. If one is fortunate enough to be in the valley in early August and witness the earnestness with
which the people celebrate their national holiday, he will be privileged to see a sight long to be
remembered. These celebrations close with the gathering together of the mountaineers on various
crags and prominences where great bonfires are lighted from fuel that has been accumulated and
built into an enormous mound to make a huge torchlight. These bonfires are lighted at a given hour
from end to end of the valley throughout its expanse. Every mountaineer on a distant crag seeing
the lights knows that the others are signalling to him that they, too, are making their sacred
consecration in song which says one for all and all for one." This motive has been crystallized into
action and has become a part of the very souls of the people. One understands why doors do not7/29/13 Nutrition and Physical Degeneration
gutenberg.net.au/ebooks02/0200251h.html#toc 23/250need to be bolted in the Loetschental Valley. How different the level of life and horizon of such souls from those in many places in the so-
called civilized world in which people have degraded themselves until life has no interest in values
that cannot be expressed in gold or pelf, which they would obtain even though the life of the
person being cheated or robbed would thereby be crippled or blotted out. One immediately wonders if there is not something in the life-giving vitamins and minerals of the
food that builds not only great physical structures within which their souls reside, but builds minds
and hearts capable of a higher type of manhood in which the material values of life are made
secondary to individual character. In succeeding chapters we will see evidence that this is the case. Our quest has been for information relative to the health of the body, the perfection of the teeth,
and the normality of development of faces and dental arches, in order that we might through an
analysis of the foods learn the secret of such splendid body building and learn from the people of
the valley how the nutrition of all groups of people may be reinforced, so that they, too, may be
free from mankind's most universal disease, tooth decay and its sequelae. These studies included
not only the making of a physical examination of the teeth, the photographing of subjects, the
recording of voluminous data, the obtaining of samples of food for chemical analysis, the collecting
of detailed information regarding daily menus; but also the collecting of samples of saliva for
chemical analysis. The chemical analysis of saliva was used to test out my newly developed
procedure for estimating the level of immunity to dental caries for a given person at a given time. This procedure is outlined in following chapters. The samples of saliva were preserved by an
addition of formalin equivalent in amount to one per cent of the sample of saliva. These children will, it is hoped, be reexamined in succeeding years in order to make
comparative studies of the effect of the changes in the local nutritional programs. Some of these
changes are already in progress. There is now a modern bakery dispensing white bread and many
white-flour products which was in full operation in 1932. I inquired of many persons regarding the most favorable districts in which to make further
studies of groups of people living in protected isolation because of their physical environment, and
decided to study some special high Alpine valleys between the Rhone Valley and Italy, which I
included in 1932. The Canton of Wallis is bordered by French-speaking people on the west, by
Italian-speaking people on the south, and by German-speaking people on the east and north. I had
as guides and interpreters in Wallis, Dr. Alfred Gysi and also Dr. Adolf Roos through part of the
territory. Our first expedition was into the valley of the Visp which is a great gorge extending southward
from the Rhone River, dividing into two gorges, one going to the Saas Fee country, and the other
to the vicinity of the Matterhorn with its almost spirelike pinnacle lifting itself above the surrounding
snow-capped mountains and visible from eminences in all directions as one of the mightiest and
most sublime spectacles in the world. It was one of the last mountains of Europe to be scaled by
man. One has not seen the full majesty of the Alps if he has not seen the Matterhorn. We left the mountain railroad, which makes many of the